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Strawbridge J, Heritage J, Krůtová M, Guery B, Davies K, Fitzpatrick F, Freeman J. Hear my voice: involving patients in Clostridioides difficile infection research. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1222-1224. [PMID: 37385469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Strawbridge
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Heritage
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcela Krůtová
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Czech Republic
| | - Benoit Guery
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kerrie Davies
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Healthcare Associated Infections Research Group, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Fidelma Fitzpatrick
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; ESCMID Study Group for Host and Microbiota Interaction (ESGHAMI) - ESCMID executive office, Gerergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jane Freeman
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Clostridioides difficile - ESCMID Executive Office, Gerbergasse 14, 3rd floor, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Healthcare Associated Infections Research Group, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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Bertorello D, Brichetto G, Folkvord F, Theben A, Zaratin P. A Systematic Review of Patient Engagement Experiences in Brain Disorders. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2022; 13:259-272. [DOI: 10.2147/prom.s256396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Brett J, Davey Z, Matley F, Butcher H, Keenan J, Catton D, Watson E, Wright P, Gavin A, Glaser AW. Impact of patient and public (PPI) involvement in the Life After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis (LAPCD) study: a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060861. [PMID: 36375983 PMCID: PMC9664269 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Standardised reporting of patient and public involvement (PPI) in research studies is needed to facilitate learning about how to achieve effective PPI. The aim of this evaluation was to explore the impact of PPI in a large UK study, the Life After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis (LAPCD) study, and to explore the facilitators and challenges experienced. DESIGN Mixed-methods study using an online survey and semistructured interviews. Survey and topic guide were informed by systematic review evidence of the impact of PPI and by realist evaluation. Descriptive analysis of survey data and thematic analysis of interview data were conducted. Results are reported using the GRIPP2 (Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2) reporting guidelines. SETTING LAPCD study, a UK-wide patient-reported outcome study. PARTICIPANTS User Advisory Group (UAG) members (n=9) and researchers (n=29) from the LAPCD study. RESULTS Impact was greatest on improving survey design and topic guides for interviews, enhancing clarity of patient-facing materials, informing best practices around data collection and ensuring steering group meetings were grounded in what is important to the patient. Further impacts included ensuring patient-focused dissemination of study findings at conference presentations and in lay summaries.Facilitating context factors included clear aims, time to contribute, confidence to contribute, and feeling valued and supported by researchers and other UAG members. Facilitating mechanisms included embedding the UAG within the study as a separate workstream, allocating time and resources to the UAG reflecting the value of input, and putting in place clear communication channels. Hindering factors included time commitment, geographical distance, and lack of standardised feedback mechanisms. CONCLUSION Including PPI as an integral component of the LAPCD study and providing the right context and mechanisms for involving the UAG helped maximise the programme's effectiveness and impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Brett
- Oxford Institute of Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Zoe Davey
- Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Matley
- Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Hugh Butcher
- Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John Keenan
- Oxford Institute of Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Darryl Catton
- Oxford Institute of Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eila Watson
- Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Penny Wright
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Carroll P, Dervan A, Maher A, McCarthy C, Woods I, Kavanagh R, Beirne C, Harte G, O'Flynn D, O'Connor C, McGuire T, Leahy LM, Gonzalez JG, Stasiewicz M, Maughan J, Gouveia PJ, Murphy PJ, Quinlan J, Casey S, Holton A, Smith É, Moriarty F, O'Brien FJ, Flood M. Applying Patient and Public Involvement in preclinical research: A co-created scoping review. Health Expect 2022; 25:2680-2699. [PMID: 36217557 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in research aims to improve the quality, relevance and appropriateness of research. PPI has an established role in clinical research where there is evidence of benefit, and where policymakers and funders place continued emphasis on its inclusion. However, for preclinical research, PPI has not yet achieved the same level of integration. As more researchers, including our team, aim to include PPI in preclinical research, the development of an evidence-based approach is important. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify and map studies where PPI has been used in preclinical research and develop principles that can be applied in other projects. METHODS A scoping review was conducted to search the literature in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Web of Science Core Collection to identify applied examples of preclinical PPI. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction separately. Data were extracted relating to PPI in terms of (i) rationale and aims, (ii) approach used, (iii) benefits and challenges, (iv) impact and evaluation and (v) learning opportunities for preclinical PPI. Findings were reviewed collaboratively by PPI contributors and the research team to identify principles that could be applied to other projects. RESULTS Nine studies were included in the final review with the majority of included studies reporting PPI to improve the relevance of their research, using approaches such as PPI advisory panels and workshops. Researchers report several benefits and challenges, although evidence of formal evaluation is limited. CONCLUSION Although currently there are few examples of preclinical research studies reporting empirical PPI activity, their findings may support those aiming to use PPI in preclinical research. Through collaborative analysis of the scoping review findings, several principles were developed that may be useful for other preclinical researchers. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study was conducted as part of a broader project aiming to develop an evidence base for preclinical PPI that draws on a 5-year preclinical research programme focused on the development of advanced biomaterials for spinal cord repair as a case study. A PPI Advisory Panel comprising seriously injured rugby players, clinicians, preclinical researchers and PPI facilitators collaborated as co-authors on the conceptualization, execution and writing of this review, including refining the findings into the set of principles reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pádraig Carroll
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adrian Dervan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthony Maher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciarán McCarthy
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ian Woods
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel Kavanagh
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cliff Beirne
- Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicines, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences & Royal College of Physicians in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geoff Harte
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dónal O'Flynn
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cian O'Connor
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tara McGuire
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Liam M Leahy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Javier Gutierrez Gonzalez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martyna Stasiewicz
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jack Maughan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pedro Jose Gouveia
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul J Murphy
- RCSI Library, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Sarah Casey
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice Holton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Éimear Smith
- National Rehabilitation Hospital, Dún Laoghaire, Ireland
| | - Frank Moriarty
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Flood
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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Grady C. The evolution of research participant as partner: the seminal contributions of Bob Veatch. THEORETICAL MEDICINE AND BIOETHICS 2022; 43:267-276. [PMID: 35982350 DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Well before patient-centered or patient-controlled research became trendy, and earlier than calls to preferentially refer to research subjects as participants, Bob Veatch wrote "The Patient as Partner" Veatch presciently argued that research patients should not be thought of as passive subjects nor material from which to obtain data, but rather as partners in discovery. In this manuscript, I will explore Veatch's conception of patient as partner in research and how that idea has evolved and been implemented over time and consider some of the remaining challenges. Complexities of patient partnership include: clarifying the types of research in which patient partnership is most appropriate, recognizing the various possible levels of patient engagement in each case, avoiding tokenism and striving for respectful partnership, and keeping in mind the appropriate implementation of protections and safeguards. Bob Veatch would be pleased with the progress that has been made in creating research partnerships with patients, while also undoubtedly pushing us to continue to do better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Grady
- Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Zvonareva O, Craveț C, Richards DP. Practices of patient engagement in drug development: a systematic scoping review. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2022; 8:29. [PMID: 35768857 PMCID: PMC9243835 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-022-00364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past decade, patient engagement (PE) has attracted significant attention in the field of drug development. Readiness to accept the central importance of patients' knowledge and contributions has become evident. This study aimed to synthesize evidence on the current state of PE in drug development: what is actually being done and how. METHODS A systematic scoping review was conducted based on a PRISMA-informed protocol. Search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, covering the period between 2011 and 2021. For analysis of extracted data, we developed a framework for analyzing PE in Drug Development. The Framework distinguishes a number of different PE types that take place at different stages of drug development and are characterized by the different degrees of power patients have in the process. It allowed us to assess depth and intensity of PE initiatives included in this review. RESULTS Most included PE initiatives took place at the stage of designing studies (40 in total). At this stage drug development goals are already set, but the mode of reaching them has not yet been fully determined. PE initiatives on the finetuning details stage followed (16 in total). The finetuning details stage covers the last parts of the drug development trajectory, when only relatively minor issues are still open for patients' contributions. The least numerous were PE initiatives on the stage of setting up R&D program (13 in total). This stage refers to the early steps in drug development where PE has the potential to make the most impact on shaping the subsequent process. In terms of intensity of engagement, most PE initiatives included in this review align with consultation and involvement types, 26 and 30 initiatives, respectively. Partnership was less frequent in the published accounts of PE (13 initiatives). CONCLUSIONS This review delineated a contemporary landscape of PE in drug development. Although attention to PE in drug development is relatively recent, a wide range of PE practices has already been initiated. The results indicate the necessity of distinguishing between different types of PE in order to understand consequences of choices regarding depth and intensity of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zvonareva
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Constanța Craveț
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Carroll P, Dervan A, Maher A, McCarthy C, Woods I, Kavanagh R, Beirne C, Harte G, O'Flynn D, Murphy P, Quinlan J, Holton A, Casey S, Moriarty F, Smith É, O'Brien FJ, Flood M. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in preclinical research: A scoping review protocol. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:61. [PMID: 34522837 PMCID: PMC8420886 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13303.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Patient and public involvement (PPI) aims to improve the quality, relevance, and appropriateness of research and ensure that it meets the needs and expectations of those affected by particular conditions to the greatest possible degree. The evidence base for the positive impact of PPI on clinical research continues to grow, but the role of PPI in preclinical research (an umbrella term encompassing 'basic', 'fundamental', 'translational' or 'lab-based' research) remains limited. As funding bodies and policymakers continue to increase emphasis on the relevance of PPI to preclinical research, it is timely to map the PPI literature to support preclinical researchers involving the public, patients, or other service users in their research. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to explore the literature on patient and public involvement in preclinical research from any discipline. Methods: This scoping review will search the literature in Medline (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and OpenGrey.net to explore the application of PPI in preclinical research. This review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for scoping reviews. It will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two reviewers will independently review articles for inclusion in the final review. Data extraction will be guided by the research questions. The PPI advisory panel will then collaboratively identify themes in the extracted data. Discussion: This scoping review will provide a map of current evidence surrounding preclinical PPI, and identify the body of literature on this topic, which has not been comprehensively reviewed to date. Findings will inform ongoing work of the research team, support the work of other preclinical researchers aiming to include PPI in their own research, and identify knowledge and practice gaps. Areas for future research will be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pádraig Carroll
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, D02 W085 & RCSI Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Adrian Dervan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Anthony Maher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ciarán McCarthy
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, D04 F720, Ireland
| | - Ian Woods
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Rachel Kavanagh
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, D02 W085 & RCSI Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Cliff Beirne
- Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine, (RCPI & RCSI), RCSI House, 121 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, D02 H903, Ireland
| | - Geoff Harte
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, D04 F720, Ireland
| | - Dónal O'Flynn
- c/o Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) Charitable Trust, Dublin, D04 F720, Ireland
| | - Paul Murphy
- RCSI Library, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 P796, Ireland
| | - John Quinlan
- Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, D24 NR04, Ireland
| | - Alice Holton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Sarah Casey
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Frank Moriarty
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Éimear Smith
- National Rehabilitation Hospital, Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Michelle Flood
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, D02 W085 & RCSI Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
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8
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Modigh A, Sampaio F, Moberg L, Fredriksson M. The impact of patient and public involvement in health research versus healthcare: A scoping review of reviews. Health Policy 2021; 125:1208-1221. [PMID: 34376328 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Many policies promote patient and public involvement (PPI) in health research and healthcare provision. However, research points to uncertainties about its impact. The aim of the article was to compare what types of impact have been reported in reviews of PPI in health research and healthcare, respectively, and to map differences and similarities between the review studies. A review of reviews was undertaken with a search strategy based on the PCC mnemonic for scoping reviews. Four online databases were searched. Studies published in English between the years 2000-2020, using a review-based method and aiming to demonstrate impact of PPI were included, resulting in sixty-one articles. More reviews of PPI impact in healthcare than in health research were found, although the latter included a larger number of empirical studies. Systematic reviews, quality assessment and quantitative studies were less common in health research. Many original studies were from the United Kingdom. In health research, reported impacts most often related to research design and delivery, while in healthcare the most commonly reported impacts were individual health outcomes/clinical outcomes. However, there is still uncertainty about the strength of evidence for PPI, in particular when it comes to collective involvement in healthcare, that is in policymaking and service improvement initiatives at hospitals or the like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Modigh
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden. Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Filipa Sampaio
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden. Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Linda Moberg
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden. Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Government, Uppsala University, Box 514, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mio Fredriksson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden. Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Optimising Multi-stakeholder Practices in Patient Engagement: A Gap Analysis to Enable Focused Evolution of Patient Engagement in the Development and Lifecycle Management of Medicines. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2021; 55:1165-1179. [PMID: 34181236 PMCID: PMC8492561 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-021-00313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background The PARADIGM consortium aimed to make patient engagement in the development and lifecycle management of medicines easier and more effective for all, with the development of new tools that fulfil robustly defined gaps where engagement is suboptimal. Aims To generate an inventory of gaps in patient engagement practices and process from existing global examples. Methods A large set of criteria for effective patient engagement previously defined via a multi-stakeholder Delphi method, were mapped under fourteen overarching themes. A gap analysis was then performed by twenty-seven reviewers against the resulting forty-six mapped criteria, on a sample of seventy initiatives from global databases. Results An inventory of gaps was identified including contextual information as to why the gaps exist. Our work identified general patterns where patient engagement was suboptimal—defined as; fragmented reporting and dissemination of patient engagement activities, and the fundamental principles defined in frameworks or guidance being poorly adhered to in actual practice. Specific gaps were identified for sixteen criteria. Additionally, it was also common to observe primary aspects of a process were addressed for a given criteria (i.e. training for roles and responsibilities) but a secondary context element was lacking (i.e. making training material accessible/understandable/meaningful to all participants). Conclusion The results show that the evolution towards meaningful and systematic patient engagement is occurring, yet more importantly they provide clear directional insights to help enhance collaborative practices and co-design solutions. This targeted impact to catalyse a needs-oriented health system that integrates patient engagement at its core is essential. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43441-021-00313-9.
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Ellis U, Kitchin V, Vis-Dunbar M. Identification and Reporting of Patient and Public Partner Authorship on Knowledge Syntheses: Rapid Review. J Particip Med 2021; 13:e27141. [PMID: 34110293 PMCID: PMC8235296 DOI: 10.2196/27141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and public involvement (PPI) in health research is an area of growing interest. Several studies have examined the use and impact of PPI in knowledge syntheses (systematic, scoping, and related reviews); however, few studies have focused specifically on the patient or public coauthorship of such reviews. OBJECTIVE This study seeks to identify published systematic and scoping reviews coauthored by patient or public partners and examine the characteristics of these coauthored reviews, such as which journals publish them, geographic location of research teams, and terms used to describe patient or public partner authors in affiliations, abstracts, or article text. METHODS We searched CAB Direct, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), and PsycInfo from 2011 to May 2019, with a supplementary search of several PPI-focused databases. We refined the Ovid MEDLINE search by examining frequently used words and phrases in relevant search results and searched Ovid MEDLINE using the modified search strategy in June 2020. RESULTS We screened 13,998 results and found 37 studies that met our inclusion criteria. In line with other PPI research, we found that a wide range of terms were used for patient and public authors in author affiliations. In some cases, partners were easy to identify with titles such as patient, caregiver or consumer representative, patient partner, expert by experience, citizen researcher, or public contributor. In 11% (n=4) of studies, they were identified as members of a panel or advisory council. In 27% (n=10) of articles, it was either impossible or difficult to tell whether an author was a partner solely from the affiliation, and confirmation was found elsewhere in the article. We also investigated where in the reviews the partner coauthors' roles were described, and when possible, what their specific roles were. Often, there was little or no information about which review tasks the partner coauthors contributed to. Furthermore, only 14% (5/37) of reviews mentioned patient or public involvement as authors in the abstract; involvement was often only indicated in the author affiliation field or in the review text (most often in the methods or contributions section). CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to the evidence that searching for coproduced research is difficult because of the diversity of terms used to describe patient and public partners, and the lack of consistent, detailed reporting about PPI. For better discoverability, we recommend ensuring that patient and public authorships are indicated in commonly searched database fields. When patient and public-authored research is easier to find, its impact will be easier to measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Ellis
- Woodward Library, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Kitchin
- Woodward Library, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mathew Vis-Dunbar
- University of British Columbia Okanagan Library, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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11
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Carroll P, Dervan A, Maher A, McCarthy C, Woods I, Kavanagh R, Beirne C, Harte G, O'Flynn D, Murphy P, Quinlan J, Holton A, Casey S, Moriarty F, Smith É, O'Brien FJ, Flood M. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in preclinical research: A scoping review protocol. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:61. [DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13303.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Patient and public involvement (PPI) aims to improve the quality, relevance, and appropriateness of research and ensure that it meets the needs and expectations of those affected by particular conditions to the greatest possible degree. The evidence base for the positive impact of PPI on clinical research continues to grow, but the role of PPI in preclinical research (an umbrella term encompassing ‘basic’, ‘fundamental’, ‘translational’ or ‘lab-based’ research) remains limited. As funding bodies and policymakers continue to increase emphasis on the relevance of PPI to preclinical research, it is timely to map the PPI literature to support preclinical researchers involving the public, patients, or other service users in their research. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to explore the literature on patient and public involvement in preclinical research from any discipline. Methods: This scoping review will search the literature in Medline (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and OpenGrey.net to explore the application of PPI in preclinical research. This review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for scoping reviews. It will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two reviewers will independently review articles for inclusion in the final review. Data extraction will be guided by the research questions. The PPI advisory panel will then collaboratively identify themes in the extracted data. Discussion: This scoping review will provide a map of current evidence surrounding preclinical PPI, and identify the body of literature on this topic, which has not been comprehensively reviewed to date. Findings will inform ongoing work of the research team, support the work of other preclinical researchers aiming to include PPI in their own research, and identify knowledge and practice gaps. Areas for future research will be identified.
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12
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Ocloo J, Garfield S, Franklin BD, Dawson S. Exploring the theory, barriers and enablers for patient and public involvement across health, social care and patient safety: a systematic review of reviews. Health Res Policy Syst 2021; 19:8. [PMID: 33472647 PMCID: PMC7816359 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-020-00644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of patient and public involvement (PPI) in healthcare in the UK can be traced as far back as the 1970s. More recently, campaigns by harmed patients have led to a renewed focus on strengthening PPI. There is a growing awareness of the benefits of PPI in research as well as a need to address power inequities and a lack of diversity and inclusion. This review was undertaken to look at evidence for theories, barriers and enablers in PPI across health, social care and patient safety that could be used to strengthen PPI and address a perceived knowledge and theory gap with PPI in patient safety. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO from inception to August 2018, using both MeSH and free-text terms to identify published empirical literature. Protocols in PROSPERO were also searched to identify any systematic reviews in progress. The extracted information was analysed using a narrative approach, which synthesises data using a descriptive method. RESULTS Forty-two reviews were identified and grouped by key outcomes. Twenty-two papers mentioned theory in some form, 31 mentioned equality and diversity (although with no theory mentioned in this area), and only 19 cited equality and diversity as a barrier or enabler. Thirty-four reviews identified barriers and enablers at different organisational levels: personal/individual; attitudes; health professional; roles and expectations; knowledge, information and communication; financing and resourcing; training; general support; recruitment and representation, PPI methods and working with communities and addressing power dynamics. CONCLUSIONS The review findings suggest that a commitment to PPI and partnership working is dependent on taking a whole system approach. This needs to consider the complex individual and organisational enablers and constraints to this process and address imbalances of power experienced by different groups. Addressing equality and diversity and use of a theory-driven approach to guide PPI are neglected areas. The long tradition of involvement across health and social care can provide considerable expertise in thinking about ways to strengthen approaches to PPI. This is especially important in patient safety, with a much newer tradition of developing PPI than other areas of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Ocloo
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Services, Population and Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, UK. .,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration South London (NIHR ARC South London) At King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Sara Garfield
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Bryony Dean Franklin
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Shoba Dawson
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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13
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Biddle MSY, Gibson A, Evans D. Attitudes and approaches to patient and public involvement across Europe: A systematic review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:18-27. [PMID: 32705752 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) is making great strides in promoting patient and public involvement (PPI) in health research across Europe, supporting patient organisations to be involved in the projects that it funds. Despite this, the literature around PPI in health services and research originating from European countries appears less than from the United Kingdom (UK), where PPI is well established. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to explore the attitudes and approaches to PPI across Europe. Eight scientific databases were systematically searched and data extracted. Data quality was assessed using a checklist based on the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP2) (Staniszewska et al., Research, Involvement and Engagement, 3, 13, 2017) and the critical appraisal guidelines developed by Wright et al. (Health Expectations, 13, 359, 2010). We included all studies reporting PPI activity in both public and private health services and research institutions in the World Health Organization European region, excluding the UK, published in the English language from 1996 to 2018. Forty studies in total were included in the analysis. The studies imply a growing interest and support for the idea of PPI in health services and, to a lesser extent, in health research. There seems to be a convergence of conceptualisations of PPI across Europe, with internationally significant areas of innovative work taking place in countries such as the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries. However, the implementation of PPI is highly uneven, and PPI is not yet firmly embedded or adequately formalised in European healthcare systems and research, possibly due to a lack of infrastructure, guidance and support. In order to try to get a better understanding of what is happening on the ground, we are carrying out a survey with potential follow-up interviews as the next part of this research project. This work is currently on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andy Gibson
- University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK
| | - David Evans
- University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK
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14
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Rach C, Lukas J, Müller R, Sendler M, Simon P, Salloch S. Involving Patient Groups in Drug Research: A Systematic Review of Reasons. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:587-597. [PMID: 32210544 PMCID: PMC7075437 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s232499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients have evolved from mere objects of study to active contributors to drug research in recent decades. Since individual patient's influence to change research processes effectively is limited, patient groups play an important role in the planning and conducting of pharmaceutical studies. Patient group engagement in drug research is usually seen as being beneficial from an ethical viewpoint as well as from the perspective of research practice, while potential disadvantages and risks have been discussed considerably less. PURPOSE A systematic review of reasons was conducted to allow for an overview of the reasons for and against involving patient groups in drug research. METHODS The literature search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science. Reasons concerning the influence of patient groups on drug research were extracted and synthesized using qualitative content analysis. The review's main limitation arises from a lack of critical appraisal regarding the quality of the reasons. RESULTS A total of 2271 references were retrieved, of which 97 were included in the analysis. Data extraction revealed 91 (73.4%) reasons for and 30 (24.2%) reasons against involving patient organizations in drug research, and 3 (2.4%) ambivalent reasons; amounting to 124 reasons. The main groups of reasons were clustered around the categories: quality of research, acquisition and allocation of resources, and the patient role in research. CONCLUSION This is the first systematic review of reasons concerning the influence of patient groups on drug research. It provides a basis for a continuing debate about the value as well as the limits of involving patient groups. Due to the diversity of research projects there can be no general recommendation for or against patient group involvement. More research is necessary to assess potential advantages and disadvantages of patient groups' influence on other types of research (eg genetics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Rach
- Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: Christoph Rach Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstr. 1-2, 17487 Greifswald, GermanyTel +49 3834 865780Fax +49 3834 865782 Email
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section (Albrecht-Kossel), Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Regina Müller
- Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Sendler
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Simon
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sabine Salloch
- Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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15
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Vat LE, Finlay T, Jan Schuitmaker-Warnaar T, Fahy N, Robinson P, Boudes M, Diaz A, Ferrer E, Hivert V, Purman G, Kürzinger ML, Kroes RA, Hey C, Broerse JEW. Evaluating the "return on patient engagement initiatives" in medicines research and development: A literature review. Health Expect 2019; 23:5-18. [PMID: 31489988 PMCID: PMC6978865 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Showing how engagement adds value for all stakeholders can be an effective motivator for broader implementation of patient engagement. However, it is unclear what methods can best be used to evaluate patient engagement. This paper is focused on ways to evaluate patient engagement at three decision‐making points in the medicines research and development process: research priority setting, clinical trial design and early dialogues with regulators and health technology assessment bodies. Objective Our aim was to review the literature on monitoring and evaluation of patient engagement, with a focus on indicators and methods. Search strategy and inclusion criteria We undertook a scoping literature review using a systematic search, including academic and grey literature with a focus on evaluation approaches or outcomes associated with patient engagement. No date limits were applied other than a cut‐off of publications after July 2018. Data extraction and synthesis Data were extracted from 91 publications, coded and thematically analysed. Main results A total of 18 benefits and 5 costs of patient engagement were identified, mapped with 28 possible indicators for their evaluation. Several quantitative and qualitative methods were found for the evaluation of benefits and costs of patient engagement. Discussion and conclusions Currently available indicators and methods are of some use in measuring impact but are not sufficient to understand the pathway to impact, nor whether interaction between researchers and patients leads to change. We suggest that the impacts of patient engagement can best be determined not by applying single indicators, but a coherent set of measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij Eva Vat
- Athena Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teresa Finlay
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nick Fahy
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Ana Diaz
- Alzheimer Europe, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Gibson A, Kok M, Evans D, Grier S, MacGowan A. Challenges and opportunities for involving patients and the public in acute antimicrobial medicine development research: an interview study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024918. [PMID: 31048429 PMCID: PMC6501967 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore what approaches to patient and public involvement (PPI) in antimicrobial medicines development are currently being used, what the impacts of PPI are on antimicrobial medicines development and what the barriers are to its implementation. DESIGN Interview study. SETTING Antimicrobial medicines development research. PARTICIPANTS Principal investigators known to have led studies involving PPI or expressed an interest in PPI. RESULTS There is very little published work on PPI in antimicrobial research. Individual interviewees expressed scepticism about the contribution that PPI could make to different stages of the medicines development life cycle but collectively identified a range of potential benefits of PPI covering most stages of the medicines development process. CONCLUSIONS A major issue in developing PPI in antimicrobial medicines development research will be in overcoming the view that, at best, PPI has only a marginal contribution to make in this area of research. The findings from this study, although mixed, suggest that well-designed PPI has an untapped potential to enhance antimicrobial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Gibson
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | - Michele Kok
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | - David Evans
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | - Sally Grier
- Department of Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Alasdair MacGowan
- Department of Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
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Patient and public involvement in infection clinical research. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:1121-1122. [PMID: 29906590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Evans D, Bird E, Gibson A, Grier S, Chin TL, Stoddart M, MacGowan A. Extent, quality and impact of patient and public involvement in antimicrobial drug development research: A systematic review. Health Expect 2018; 21:75-81. [PMID: 28752577 PMCID: PMC5750755 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly recognized as bringing a range of benefits to clinical and health services research. Recent systematic reviews have identified and synthesized many benefits (eg higher recruitment rates) and some costs (eg extra time need). Much of the literature focuses on PPI in long-term conditions rather than more acute health care in which the majority of microbiological research is undertaken. OBJECTIVES The aim was to identify the extent, quality and impact of PPI in antimicrobial drug development research. Objectives were to identify any relevant reporting of PPI in antimicrobial research; appraise the quality of reporting on PPI using recognized PPI reporting and critical appraisal tools; and extract and synthesize data on the impact of PPI. SEARCH STRATEGY A systematic review was undertaken with a search strategy based on four word groups (PPI, patients, antimicrobial drug development and outcomes). Eight online databases were searched. INCLUSION CRITERIA English language publication, publication between 1996 and 2016 and studies describing PPI in antimicrobial drug development research. MAIN RESULTS No studies were found through online searching that met the search strategy and inclusion criteria. One relevant protocol paper with a brief mention of PPI was identified through expert recommendation. Commentary papers recommending PPI were identified through website searching and expert opinion. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Despite strong policy guidance encouraging PPI at the international and national levels, and anecdotal accounts of PPI taking place, evidence for the extent, quality and impact of PPI in antimicrobial drug development research has not yet appeared in the peer-reviewed literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Evans
- Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Emma Bird
- Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Andy Gibson
- Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Sally Grier
- Department of Infection SciencesSouthmead HospitalBristolUK
| | - Teh Li Chin
- Department of Infection SciencesSouthmead HospitalBristolUK
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