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Strkljevic I, Tiedemann A, Souza de Oliveira J, Haynes A, Sherrington C. Health professionals' involvement in volunteering their professional skills: a scoping review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1368661. [PMID: 38737756 PMCID: PMC11082404 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1368661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Volunteering positively affects overall health of both volunteers and recipients through social interaction, support and physical activity. Health professionals' volunteering has considerable potential to improve health outcomes in communities. Objectives This study aimed to summarize published scientific literature regarding volunteering by health professionals. Method Medine, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHLdatabases were searched to identify eligible studies published between 2010 and 2023. Data on study methods and findings were extracted and synthesized. Results Of the 144 eligible studies, 80 (56%) used quantitative methods, 46 (32%) used qualitative, 18 (12%) used mixed methods and 8 (6%) were interventional. Doctors (74 studies, 51%) and nurses (n = 40, 28%) were the professions with most reports of volunteering. Half the studies were from USA (n = 77, 53%), followed by UK (n = 19, 13%), Canada (n = 12, 8%), and Australia/New Zealand (n = 11, 8%). International volunteering in low-to-middle-income countries was reported in 64 studies (44%). Providing service and training were the dominant types of activities (n = 90, 62.5%), with health promotion reported in only 4 studies (3%). Studies reported positive impact from volunteering, both professionally and personally. Time and family commitments were the main barriers. Enablers, barriers and impact were summarized in a socio-ecological map. Conclusion Health professionals volunteer in diverse activities and report multifaceted benefits. Studies of volunteering interventions could enable new, sustainable approaches to health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ima Strkljevic
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juliana Souza de Oliveira
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abby Haynes
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cathie Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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The Impact of Dental Care Programs on Individuals and Their Families: A Scoping Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11020033. [PMID: 36826178 PMCID: PMC9954911 DOI: 10.3390/dj11020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant global improvements in oral health, inequities persist. Targeted dental care programs are perceived as a viable approach to both improving oral health and to address inequities. However, the impacts of dental care programs on individual and family oral health outcomes remain unclear. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review is to map the evidence on impacts of existing dental programs, specifically on individual and family level outcomes. METHODS We systematically searched four scientific databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts for studies published in the English language between December 1999 and November 2021. Search terms were kept broad to capture a range of programs. Four reviewers (AG, VD, AE, and KKP) independently screened the abstracts and reviewed full-text articles and extracted the data. Cohen's kappa inter-rater reliability score was 0.875, indicating excellent agreement between the reviewers. Data were summarized according to the PRISMA statement. RESULTS The search yielded 65,887 studies, of which 76 were included in the data synthesis. All but one study assessed various individual-level outcomes (n = 75) and only five investigated family outcomes. The most common program interventions are diagnostic and preventive (n = 35, 46%) care, targeted children (n = 42, 55%), and delivered in school-based settings (n = 28, 37%). The majority of studies (n = 43, 57%) reported a significant improvement in one or more of their reported outcomes; the most assessed outcome was change in dental decay (n = 35). CONCLUSIONS Dental care programs demonstrated effectiveness in addressing individual oral health outcomes. However, evidence to show the impact on family-related outcomes remains limited and requires attention in future research.
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Jaffe K, Choi J, Hayashi K, Milloy MJ, Richardson L. A paradox of need: Gaps in access to dental care among people who use drugs in Canada's publicly funded healthcare system. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:1799-1806. [PMID: 33491849 PMCID: PMC8310531 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In Canada, publicly funded healthcare provides no-cost access to a large but not comprehensive suite of services. Dental care is largely funded by private insurance or patients, creating employment- and income-dependent gaps in care access. Difficulties accessing dental care may be amplified among vulnerable populations, including people who use drugs (PWUD), who may experience greater dental need due to side effects of substance use and health comorbidities, as well as barriers to care. Using data collected between 2014 and 2018 from two ongoing prospective cohort studies of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada, the aim of this study was to explore factors associated with dental care access. Among 1,638 participants, 246 participants (15%) reported never or only occasionally accessing adequate dental care. In generalised linear mixed-effects models, results showed significant negative associations between accessing dental care and using opioids (Adjusted Odds Ratios [AOR] = 0.73, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.58-0.91), methamphetamine (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.59-0.95) and cannabis (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63-0.97), as well experiencing homelessness (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.42-0.70) and street-based income generation (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.59-0.94). There were significant positive associations between adequate dental care and accessing opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for opioid dependence (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.07-1.72) and receiving income assistance (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05-2.77). These results highlight specific substance use patterns and structural exposures that may hinder dental care access, as well as how direct and indirect benefits of income assistance and OAT may improve access. These findings provide support for recent calls to expand healthcare coverage and address dental care inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Jaffe
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - JinCheol Choi
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Kanna Hayashi
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - M-J Milloy
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Lindsey Richardson
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
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Hawkesford JL, Lette H, Saunders J, Slack-Smith L. Oral health perceptions and client satisfaction among homeless adults attending a community-centred dental clinic. Aust Dent J 2020; 66:67-76. [PMID: 33226637 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The homeless face significant barriers accessing dental care. Community-centred dental clinics might provide more accessible care to this group. This descriptive epidemiological study aimed to measure oral health perceptions and client satisfaction among homeless and similarly disadvantaged adults receiving community-centred dental care. METHODS A sample of 79 clients attending St Patrick's Oral Health Clinic completed Locker's Global Oral Health Item, the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire 4. RESULTS High levels of satisfaction with St Patrick's Oral Health Clinic were based on positive staff attitudes, low cost, time effectiveness and staff sensitivity to anxiety. Ideas for improvement included shorter treatment waiting lists, offering additional treatment types and better communication and advertisement of the service. Compared to the general Australian population, participants reported a relatively poor self-perception of oral health and a high prevalence and severity of oral health impacts. CONCLUSIONS Participants experienced significant personal and social impacts due to their oral conditions. High levels of client satisfaction reflect the value of community-centred dental care for this group. An understanding of factors influencing satisfaction might be useful for similar services providing oral care to homeless and similarly disadvantaged groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Hawkesford
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - H Lette
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - J Saunders
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - L Slack-Smith
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Brondani M, Harjani M, Siarkowski M, Adeniyi A, Butler K, Dakelth S, Maynard R, Ross K, O’Dwyer C, Donnelly L. Community as the teacher on issues of social responsibility, substance use, and queer health in dental education. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237327. [PMID: 32797074 PMCID: PMC7428088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In order to foster dental and dental hygiene practices that are inclusive, sensitive to diversity, equitable, and without prejudice, a call to broadly teach cultural diversity within dental and dental hygiene education has been made. The research question of this study was "to what extent can an interactive and open dialogue about substance use, queer health, and social responsibility foster transformative learning?" METHODS A collaborative and interdisciplinary project engaged the community as a teacher over the Summer and Fall of 2019 to address issues of substance use, queer health, and social responsibility and was delivered to 55 first-year undergraduate dental and 23 third-year dental hygiene students over three educational sessions. Dental and dental hygiene students were asked to reflect, in writing, on each session using between 200 and 400 words. Textual information from students' self-reflections and from the community's feedback were analyzed thematically for content (e.g., codes and themes). RESULTS In total, 128 written reflections-for an average of 42 reflections per session-were gathered and analyzed interactively by the authors. Three major themes emerged: feeling privileged, breaking stereotypes, and coalescing learning. Feedback from the participating community members highlighted changes to be implemented in these sessions in the future, including more opportunities for small group activities in class. CONCLUSIONS The three major themes that emerged from the thematic analysis of the self-reflections and community member feedback (feeling privileged, breaking stereotypes, and coalescing leaning) further highlighted the impact of community-driven curricula on students' learning in regard to substance use, queer health, and social responsibility. Further work is critical to understand the impact of such a pedagogy on students' practices once they leave their undergraduate programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Brondani
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maxine Harjani
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Siarkowski
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Abiola Adeniyi
- Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Krista Butler
- Megaphone Speakers Bureau, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sekani Dakelth
- Megaphone Speakers Bureau, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Russell Maynard
- Portland Hotel Society - Community Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kinnon Ross
- Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cormac O’Dwyer
- Stigma and Resilience Among Vulnerable Youth Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leeann Donnelly
- Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Raphael D. Narrative review of affinities and differences between the social determinants of oral and general health in Canada: establishing a common agenda. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 41:e218-e225. [PMID: 30165524 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article overviews Canadian work on the social determinants of oral and general health noting their affinities and differences. METHODS A literature search identified Canadian journal articles addressing the social determinants of oral health and/or oral health inequalities. Analysis identified affinities and differences with six themes in the general social determinants of health literature. RESULTS While most Canadian social determinants activity focuses on physical and mental health there is a growing literature on oral health-literature reviews, empirical studies and policy analyses-with many affinities to the broader literature. In addition, since Canada provides physical and mental health services on a universal basis, but does not do so for dental care, there is a special concern with the reasons behind, and the health effects-oral, physical and mental-of the absence of publicly financed dental care. CONCLUSIONS The affinities between the social determinants of oral health and the broader social determinants of health literature suggests the value of establishing a common research and action agenda. This would involve collaborative research into common social determinants of oral and general health and combined policy advocacy efforts to improve Canadians' living and working conditions as means of achieving health for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Raphael
- School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bassim CW, MacEntee MI, Nazmul S, Bedard C, Liu S, Ma J, Griffith LE, Raina P. Self‐reported oral health at baseline of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 48:72-80. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol W. Bassim
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | | | - Sohel Nazmul
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Chloe Bedard
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Siying Liu
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Jinhui Ma
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Lauren E. Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Parminder Raina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
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9
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Mago A, MacEntee MI, Brondani M, Frankish J. Anxiety and anger of homeless people coping with dental care. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018; 46:225-230. [PMID: 29446849 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To reveal and describe from open-ended interviews how homeless people in Vancouver interpret, appraise and cope with dental care. METHODS Audio-recorded interviews with 25 homeless people (18 men and 7 women; age range: 25-64 years), purposefully selected for a range of experiences, were transcribed and analysed inductively. The process of interpretive description drawing from the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations and Lazarus's Theory of Emotions identified how participants appraised and coped with dental care. RESULTS Four dominant themes emerged: barriers to care; service use; opinions on dental health; and improving dental services. Participants were anxious about the cost of dentistry and fearful of dentists. They got emergency dental care with difficulty, usually in hospital emergency departments although mostly they preferred self-treatment. They acknowledged the importance of dental health but felt stigmatized by their homelessness and visibly unhealthy mouths. They wanted accessible dental services with financial assistance from government, more widespread information about community dental clinics, and, notably among the Indigenous participants, less humiliating discrimination from dentists. CONCLUSIONS Homeless people have difficulty coping with dental care. They believe that dentistry is frightening, humiliating and expensive, and governments are neither sympathetic to their disability nor willing to provide helpful information about community dental clinics or sufficient dental benefits for their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Mago
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael I MacEntee
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mario Brondani
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James Frankish
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lee YS, Kim HG, Hur JY, Yang K. Oral Health in Low-Income Older Adults in Korea. J Community Health Nurs 2017; 33:98-106. [PMID: 27074406 DOI: 10.1080/07370016.2016.1159441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases among older adults are prevalent and a major public health problem, but public attention regarding this matter is quite limited. Many older adults experience limited access to oral care services. The study aimed to describe characteristics of oral health conditions, perceived oral health status, and oral health practices and to examine factors related to living status and accessibility to dental health care among 9,660 low-income older adults living in a suburban city in Korea. Approximately 42% of low-income older adults lived alone; 68% perceived their oral health as either excellent or good; and 31% reported difficulty accessing dental services. Lack of accessibility to oral care services was significantly more common in older adults with low incomes, living alone, having poor oral conditions, poor self-perceived oral health, and poor tooth-brushing behavior. Strategies to promote access to dental care services for underserved older adults should be developed to prevent further oral problems and their impact on overall health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Shin Lee
- a School of Nursing , San Diego State University , San Diego , California
| | - Hee-Gerl Kim
- b Department of Nursing , Gachon University , Seongnam-Si , South Korea
| | - Jung-Yi Hur
- c Seongnam-Si Visiting Public Health Center , Seongnam-Si , South Korea
| | - Kyeongra Yang
- d Lienhard School of Nursing , Pace University , Pleasantville , New York
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Farmer J, Peressini S, Lawrence HP. Exploring the role of the dental hygienist in reducing oral health disparities in Canada: A qualitative study. Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 16:e1-e9. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Farmer
- Dental Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - S Peressini
- Dental Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - HP Lawrence
- Dental Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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Wallace B, Browne AJ, Varcoe C, Ford-Gilboe M, Wathen N, Long PM, Parker J. Self-reported oral health among a community sample of people experiencing social and health inequities: cross-sectional findings from a study to enhance equity in primary healthcare settings. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e009519. [PMID: 26700285 PMCID: PMC4691735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the self-reported oral health issues among a community sample of primary care clients experiencing socioeconomic disadvantages. METHODS As part of a larger mixed-methods, multiple case study evaluating an equity-oriented primary healthcare intervention, we examined the oral health of a sample of 567 people receiving care at four clinics that serve marginalised populations in two Canadian provinces. Data collected included self-rated oral health and experiences accessing and receiving healthcare, standard self-report measures of health and quality of life, and sociodemographic information. RESULTS The prevalence of self-rated poor oral health was high, with almost half (46.3%) of the participants reporting poor or fair oral health. Significant relationships were observed between poor oral health and vulnerabilities related to mental health, trauma and housing instability. Our findings suggest that the oral health of some Canadian populations may be dramatically worse than what is reported in existing population health surveys. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reinforce the importance of addressing oral health as part of health equity strategies. The health and oral health issues experienced by this client cohort highlight the need for interdisciplinary, team-based care that can address the intersections among people's health status, oral health and social issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Wallace
- School of Social Work, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annette J Browne
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colleen Varcoe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marilyn Ford-Gilboe
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadine Wathen
- Faculty of Information & Media Studies, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Phoebe M Long
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joanne Parker
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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