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Zaid Alkilani A, Hamed R, Musleh B, Sharaire Z. Breaking boundaries: the advancements in transdermal delivery of antibiotics. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2304251. [PMID: 38241087 PMCID: PMC10802811 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2304251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) for antibiotics have seen significant advances in recent years that aimed to improve the efficacy and safety of these drugs. TDDS offer many advantages over other conventional delivery systems such as non-invasiveness, controlled-release pattern, avoidance of first-pass metabolism. The objective of this review is to provide an overview on the recent advances in the TDDS of different groups of antibiotics including β-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides, utilized for their effective delivery through the skin and to explore the challenges associated with this field. The majority of antibiotics do not have favorable properties for passive transdermal delivery. Thus, novel strategies have been employed to improve the delivery of antibiotics through the skin, such as the use of nanotechnology (nanoparticles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, vesicular carriers, and liposomes) or the physical enhancement techniques like microneedles and ultrasound. In conclusion, the transdermal delivery systems could be a promising method for delivering antibiotics that have the potential to improve patient outcomes and enhance the efficacy of drugs. Further research and development are still needed to explore the potential of delivering more antibiotic drugs by using various transdermal drug delivery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Batool Musleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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2
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Ziklo N, Bibi M, Sinai L, Salama P. Niacinamide Antimicrobial Efficacy and Its Mode of Action via Microbial Cell Cycle Arrest. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1581. [PMID: 39203423 PMCID: PMC11356291 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Niacinamide is a versatile compound widely used in the personal care industry for its ample skin benefits. As a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), essential for ATP production and a substrate for poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), studies have highlighted its roles in DNA repair, cellular stress mechanisms, and anti-aging benefits. Niacinamide was also studied for its antimicrobial activity, particularly in the context of host-infection via host immune response, yet its direct antimicrobial activity and the mechanisms of action remain unclear. Its multifunctionality makes it an appealing bioactive molecule for skincare products as well as a potential preservative solution. This study explores niacinamide's antimicrobial mode of action against four common cosmetic pathogens. Our findings indicate that niacinamide is causing microbial cell cycle arrest; while cells were found to increase their volume and length under treatment to prepare for cell division, complete separation into two daughter cells was prevented. Fluorescence microscopy revealed expanded chromatin, alongside a decreased RNA expression of the DNA-binding protein gene, dps. Finally, niacinamide was found to directly interact with DNA, hindering successful amplification. These unprecedented findings allowed us to add a newly rationalized preservative facete to the wide range of niacinamide multi-functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Salama
- Innovation Department, Sharon Personal Care Ltd., Eli Horovitz St. 4, Rehovot 7608810, Israel; (N.Z.); (M.B.); (L.S.)
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3
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Thiboutot D, Layton AM, Traore I, Gontijo G, Troielli P, Ju Q, Kurokawa I, Dreno B. International expert consensus recommendations for the use of dermocosmetics in acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38877766 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.20145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wide variety of dermocosmetics (products with both active skincare and cosmetic activity) are available for the management of acne vulgaris. These products are important because they may be the first line of approach for patients desiring to self-treat and they can also have beneficial effects-reducing lesion counts and improving global acne severity. When used in conjunction with medical therapy, dermocosmetics can improve tolerability and enhance results. We reviewed available evidence and combined it with our clinical experience to help guide clinicians in selecting skincare products with acne-targeting ingredients. METHODS An international panel of dermatologists with an interest and expertise in managing acne performed a literature review, formulated clinical questions related to the role of dermocosmetics in the acne setting, used a modified GRADE approach to evaluate available evidence and then utilized an online iterative Delphi process to create consensus recommendations. It should be noted that due to the limited number of available studies, the category of dermocosmetics was evaluated rather than specific ingredients. RESULTS The quality of evidence was found to be low to moderate. Key recommendations were made based on available evidence for the use of dermocosmetics in acne to improve acne global assessment, reduce acne lesion counts, reduce superficial skin oiliness and serve as maintenance therapy after medical treatment, while providing a good tolerability. Recommendations were also made for using dermocosmetics as adjuncts to medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS While there is a need for better quality evidence, dermocosmetics have demonstrated some benefit for acne both when used alone in its milder clinical presentations or in maintenance post acne medication and as adjunct to acne treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Thiboutot
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alison M Layton
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Patricia Troielli
- Department of Dermatology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Qiang Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Brigitte Dreno
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
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4
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Marques C, Hadjab F, Porcello A, Lourenço K, Scaletta C, Abdel-Sayed P, Hirt-Burri N, Applegate LA, Laurent A. Mechanistic Insights into the Multiple Functions of Niacinamide: Therapeutic Implications and Cosmeceutical Applications in Functional Skincare Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:425. [PMID: 38671873 PMCID: PMC11047333 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Niacinamide (or nicotinamide) is a small-molecule hydrosoluble vitamin with essential metabolic functions in mammalian cells. Niacinamide has become a key functional ingredient in diverse skincare products and cosmetics. This vitamin plays a pivotal role in NAD+ synthesis, notably contributing to redox reactions and energy production in cutaneous cells. Via diversified biochemical mechanisms, niacinamide is also known to influence human DNA repair and cellular stress responses. Based on decades of safe use in cosmetics, niacinamide recently gained widespread popularity as an active ingredient which aligns with the "Kligman standards" in skincare. From a therapeutic standpoint, the intrinsic properties of niacinamide may be applied to managing acne vulgaris, melasma, and psoriasis. From a cosmeceutical standpoint, niacinamide has been widely leveraged as a multipurpose antiaging ingredient. Therein, it was shown to significantly reduce cutaneous oxidative stress, inflammation, and pigmentation. Overall, through multimodal mechanisms, niacinamide may be considered to partially prevent and/or reverse several biophysical changes associated with skin aging. The present narrative review provides multifactorial insights into the mechanisms of niacinamide's therapeutic and cosmeceutical functions. The ingredient's evolving role in skincare was critically appraised, with a strong focus on the biochemical mechanisms at play. Finally, novel indications and potential applications of niacinamide in dermal fillers and alternative injectable formulations were prospectively explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Marques
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Farid Hadjab
- Development Department, Albomed GmbH, D-90592 Schwarzenbruck, Germany;
| | - Alexandre Porcello
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Kelly Lourenço
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- STI School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- Manufacturing Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Manufacturing Department, TEC-PHARMA SA, CH-1038 Bercher, Switzerland
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5
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Mainville L, Smilga AS, Fortin PR. Effect of Nicotinamide in Skin Cancer and Actinic Keratoses Chemoprophylaxis, and Adverse Effects Related to Nicotinamide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cutan Med Surg 2022; 26:297-308. [PMID: 35134311 PMCID: PMC9125143 DOI: 10.1177/12034754221078201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral nicotinamide is recommended in individuals with a field of cancerization or with ≥1 previous cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of nicotinamide in prevention of skin cancers. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of nicotinamide. We used Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases from their inception to October 2020 to search the following concepts: "nicotinamide"; "randomized controlled trial" (validated filters). Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts for intervention and study design before searching full texts for eligibility criteria. To be eligible, ≥1 outcome had to be covered. We used a standardized collection grid to complete data extraction in duplicate. The primary outcome was skin cancers (all types). Secondary outcomes were basal cell carcinomas (BCCs); cSCCs; actinic keratoses; melanomas; digestive, cutaneous, and biochemical adverse effects (AEs). Subgroup analyses were planned a priori. RESULTS We screened 4730 citations and found 29 trials (3039 patients) meeting inclusion criteria. Nicotinamide was associated with a significant reduction in skin cancers compared to control (rate ratio 0.50 (95% CI, 0.29-0.85; I 2 = 64%; 552 patients; 5 trials); moderate strength of the evidence). Heterogeneity was explained by risk of bias. Nicotinamide was associated with a significant reduction in BCCs and cSCCs, and increased risk of digestive AEs. CONCLUSION Oral nicotinamide should be considered in healthy patients or organ transplant recipients with history of skin cancer (GRADE: weak recommendation; moderate-quality evidence), in particular of BCC and cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul R. Fortin
- Infectious and Immune Diseases, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec – Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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6
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Activation of Deoxyribonuclease I by Nicotinamide as a New Strategy to Attenuate Tetracycline-Resistant Biofilms of Cutibacterium acnes. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060819. [PMID: 34072745 PMCID: PMC8228415 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms of Cutibacterium (C.) acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) are responsible for the persistence and antibiotic resistance of acne vulgaris. In addition to the standard treatments for acne vulgaris, a common adjunctive treatment is the topical administration of nicotinamide (NAM). However, the effects of NAM on biofilms of C. acnes have never been explored. This study comprehensively investigates the effects of NAM against biofilms of C. acnes using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results showed that NAM potentiated the efficacy of suboptimal dosing of tetracycline against C. acnes. Moreover, NAM alone decreased the formation and increased the degradation of biofilms in C. acnes. The antibiofilm effect of NAM against C. acnes was further enhanced in combination with deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I, an enzyme with known antibiofilm properties. The computational molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance analysis, and enzymatic kinetic assay demonstrated that NAM binds to DNase I and accelerated its reaction. In conclusion, NAM activates DNase I to attenuate biofilms of C. acnes. This offers valuable insights into the strategies against biofilms that are worth elaborating on in other biofilm-related chronic cutaneous infections in the future.
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7
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Stettler H, Crowther JM, Brandt M, Boxshall A, Lu B, de Salvo R, Laing S, Hennighausen N, Bielfeldt S, Blenkiron P. Multi parametric biophysical assessment of treatment effects on xerotic skin. SKIN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2021; 1:e21. [PMID: 35664981 PMCID: PMC9060006 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Topical moisturizing products are widely used to alleviate the problems associated with xerotic skin. Their use affects many properties of the stratum corneum (SC) in a complex and interrelated manner. The range of measurement techniques available to the researcher has increased in recent years. However, few studies have looked for correlations between the different techniques for assessing how aspects of xerotic skin change over time as a result of topical moisturizer usage. Objectives A 3‐week in vivo study using an oil‐in‐water based moisturizing product and an untreated site was conducted to determine the clinical significance of and any correlations between a range of different approaches for the measurement of skin lipid content and also skin hydration and visual grading of dry skin. Methods A range of traditional and more recently developed skin measurement techniques have been used to examine a variety of SC properties in normal and xerotic skin during topical moisturizer usage. Results In vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy and analysis of SC lipids from tape strips both showed an increase in SC lipid level and organization after 3 weeks of moisturizer usage on xerotic skin. Hydration, measured both optically and electrically, also increased and skin barrier function improved, with strong correlations between the different measures of dryness being observed. Conclusions Strong correlations were observed between the skin measurements for lipid assessment and skin hydration with regard to the assessment of xerotic skin, providing valuable new information for future in vivo clinical research into dry and atopic skin. Keywords biophysical assessment, skin barrier, skin hydration, topical moisturizers, Xerosis
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Affiliation(s)
- H Stettler
- Bayer Consumer Care AG Basel Switzerland
| | | | - M Brandt
- proDERM GmbH Schenefeld/Hamburg Germany
| | | | - B Lu
- Bayer Healthcare SAS Gaillard France
| | - R de Salvo
- Bayer Consumer Care AG Basel Switzerland
| | - S Laing
- proDERM GmbH Schenefeld/Hamburg Germany
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8
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Nitayavardhana S, Manuskiatti W, Cembrano KAG, Wanitphadeedecha R. A Comparative Study Between Once-Weekly and Alternating Twice-Weekly Regimen Using Blue (470 nm) and Red (640 nm) Light Combination LED Phototherapy for Moderate-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1080-1085. [PMID: 33538345 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Phototherapy for acne with a combination of blue and red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) appears to have excellent potential in treating inflammatory acne. However, a standard twice-weekly protocol administered 3 days apart may not be practical for patients. This study aims to seek the efficacy of LED treatment in moderate to severe acne, comparing between once and alternating twice-weekly regimens. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty subjects with moderate to severe acne, as defined by Burton's grading score, were recruited in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups- one group received alternating blue (470 nm) and red (640 nm) light in two visits per week for 4 consecutive weeks, while the other group got blue and red light treatments consecutively on the same visit for 4 consecutive weeks. During the study period, conventional treatments were prohibited. Clinical assessments were performed by lesion counts and blinded comparative photographs before treatment and at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the final treatment. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between once- and alternating twice-weekly regimens. Both regimens provided marked improvement only for inflammatory lesions. The median percentage of acne reduction was significantly demonstrated for 1 week after finishing the course of treatment and was sustained until the end of the study. There were no side effects noted throughout the study period. CONCLUSION LED therapy is safe and effective for treatment of inflammatory acne. The treatment outcomes of once and alternating twice-weekly regimens were comparable, hence, once-weekly treatment could be considered as an alternative choice for patient's convenience. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunatra Nitayavardhana
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Woraphong Manuskiatti
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kathryn Anne G Cembrano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Rungsima Wanitphadeedecha
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
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9
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Stettler H, Crowther JM, Brandt M, Lu B, Boxshall A, de Salvo R, Laing S, Hennighausen N, Bielfeldt S, Blenkiron P. Targeted dry skin treatment using a multifunctional topical moisturizer. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 43:191-200. [PMID: 33278031 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of dry skin is a complex process, with a wide variety of factors each playing different roles in its evolution. Given this, it is important when designing a formulation to tackle dry skin that these varied aspects of skin behaviour are addressed. Presented here are the results of a 3-week moisturization study carried out on dry legs. A wide range of traditional and more recently developed biophysical measurement methods have been combined with visual assessment of skin condition to enable multiple aspects of skin function to be determined. The observed changes in the skin are discussed in terms of the ingredients used in the moisturizing formulation. METHODS A range of novel and traditional skin assessment methods and techniques were used to assess the effects of an oil in water-based moisturizing product compared to an untreated site during a 3-week in vivo study on dry lower leg skin. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were observed in a range of skin parameters as a result of product usage. Skin hydration assessed using Corneometer®, Epsilon® and visual dry skin grading all increased after 3 weeks of use. Skin barrier function measured using transepidermal water loss also improved. Levels of cholesterol, free fatty acids and Ceramide NH increased, as well as the average length of the stratum corneum (SC) lipid lamella bilayers, and the ratio of lipid to protein increased (measured using Lipbarvis® and in vivo Confocal Raman Spectroscopy). Increases in the levels of Ceramide EOS and NP were also observed, along with an improvement in corneocyte maturity, although these were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Using a variety of traditional and novel skin assessment techniques, a wide range of factors associated with the evolution of dry skin have been assessed upon treatment with a new topical moisturizer. Product usage resulted in significant improvements to skin hydration and barrier function, the levels and morphology of SC barrier lipids, and overall epidermal differentiation. As a result there was a significant reduction in the characteristics associated with the development of dry skin after use of the test product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bailu Lu
- Bayer Healthcare SAS, Gaillard, France
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10
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Liu H, Yu H, Xia J, Liu L, Liu G, Sang H, Peinemann F. Evidence-based topical treatments (azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, sulfur, zinc, and fruit acid) for acne: an abridged version of a Cochrane systematic review. J Evid Based Med 2020; 13:275-283. [PMID: 33034949 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of topical azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, sulfur, zinc, and fruit acid (alpha-hydroxy acid) for acne are unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of these topical treatments by collecting randomized controlled trials. METHODS We searched The Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS up to May 2019. We also searched five trials registers. Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Meta analyses were performed by using Review Manager 5 software. RESULTS We included a total of 49 trials involving 3880 participants. In terms of treatment response (measured using participants' global self-assessment of acne improvement, PGA), azelaic acid was probably less effective than benzoyl peroxide (RR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.72-0.95). However, there was probably little or no difference in PGA when comparing azelaic acid to tretinoin (RR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.78-1.14). There may be little or no difference when comparing salicylic acid to tretinoin (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.92-1.09). There were no studies measured PGA when evaluating nicotinamide. With respect to alpha-hydroxy acid, there may be no difference in PGA when comparing glycolic acid to salicylic-mandelic acid (RR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.88-1.26). We were uncertain about the effects of sulfur and zinc. Adverse events associated with these topical treatments were always mild and transient. CONCLUSIONS Moderate-quality evidence was available for azelaic acid and low- to very-low-quality evidence for other topical treatments. Risk of bias and imprecision limit our confidence in the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Xia
- Nottingham China Health Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Guanjian Liu
- Cochrane China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hong Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Frank Peinemann
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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11
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Bhattaccharjee S, Beck-Broichsitter M, Banga AK. In Situ Gel Formation in Microporated Skin for Enhanced Topical Delivery of Niacinamide. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050472. [PMID: 32455797 PMCID: PMC7284857 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although used widely in cosmetic formulations, topical delivery of niacinamide (LogP = -0.35) is unfavorable by conventional means. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) formulations, can undergo a sol-gel transition triggered by solvent exchange, entrapping molecules and sustaining their release. The current study aims to exploit the ability of PLGA to gel in situ and enhance the topical delivery of niacinamide in microporated skin. In vitro drug permeation studies were performed using vertical Franz diffusion cells. Microporation was performed using Dr. PenTM Ultima A6, where pre-treatment with a 1 mm needle-length for 10 s and a 0.5 mm needle-length for 5 s, both at 13,000 insertions/min were compared. The effect of different grades of PLGA, EXPANSORB® DLG 50-2A ("low" molecular weight), and EXPANSORB® DLG 50-8A ("high" molecular weight) on topical delivery was also determined. Formulations containing PLGA resulted in successful gelation in situ on application over microporated skin. A significantly higher amount of drug was found in the skin with the 0.5 mm treatment for 5 s (892 ± 36 µg/cm2) than with 1 mm for 10 s (167 ± 16 µg/cm2). Hence, the different grades of PLGA were evaluated with 0.5 mm, 5 s treatment, and a significantly larger amount was seen in skin with the higher rather than the lower molecular weight polymer (172 ± 53 µg/cm2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonalika Bhattaccharjee
- Center for Drug Delivery and Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;
| | | | - Ajay K. Banga
- Center for Drug Delivery and Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Liu H, Yu H, Xia J, Liu L, Liu GJ, Sang H, Peinemann F. Topical azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, sulphur, zinc and fruit acid (alpha-hydroxy acid) for acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 5:CD011368. [PMID: 32356369 PMCID: PMC7193765 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011368.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is an inflammatory disorder with a high global burden. It is common in adolescents and primarily affects sebaceous gland-rich areas. The clinical benefit of the topical acne treatments azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, sulphur, zinc, and alpha-hydroxy acid is unclear. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of topical treatments (azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, zinc, alpha-hydroxy acid, and sulphur) for acne. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to May 2019: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS. We also searched five trials registers. SELECTION CRITERIA Clinical randomised controlled trials of the six topical treatments compared with other topical treatments, placebo, or no treatment in people with acne. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Key outcomes included participants' global self-assessment of acne improvement (PGA), withdrawal for any reason, minor adverse events (assessed as total number of participants who experienced at least one minor adverse event), and quality of life. MAIN RESULTS We included 49 trials (3880 reported participants) set in clinics, hospitals, research centres, and university settings in Europe, Asia, and the USA. The vast majority of participants had mild to moderate acne, were aged between 12 to 30 years (range: 10 to 45 years), and were female. Treatment lasted over eight weeks in 59% of the studies. Study duration ranged from three months to three years. We assessed 26 studies as being at high risk of bias in at least one domain, but most domains were at low or unclear risk of bias. We grouped outcome assessment into short-term (less than or equal to 4 weeks), medium-term (from 5 to 8 weeks), and long-term treatment (more than 8 weeks). The following results were measured at the end of treatment, which was mainly long-term for the PGA outcome and mixed length (medium-term mainly) for minor adverse events. Azelaic acid In terms of treatment response (PGA), azelaic acid is probably less effective than benzoyl peroxide (risk ratio (RR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72 to 0.95; 1 study, 351 participants), but there is probably little or no difference when comparing azelaic acid to tretinoin (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.14; 1 study, 289 participants) (both moderate-quality evidence). There may be little or no difference in PGA when comparing azelaic acid to clindamycin (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.38; 1 study, 229 participants; low-quality evidence), but we are uncertain whether there is a difference between azelaic acid and adapalene (1 study, 55 participants; very low-quality evidence). Low-quality evidence indicates there may be no differences in rates of withdrawal for any reason when comparing azelaic acid with benzoyl peroxide (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.29; 1 study, 351 participants), clindamycin (RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.48 to 3.56; 2 studies, 329 participants), or tretinoin (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.47; 2 studies, 309 participants), but we are uncertain whether there is a difference between azelaic acid and adapalene (1 study, 55 participants; very low-quality evidence). In terms of total minor adverse events, we are uncertain if there is a difference between azelaic acid compared to adapalene (1 study; 55 participants) or benzoyl peroxide (1 study, 30 participants) (both very low-quality evidence). There may be no difference when comparing azelaic acid to clindamycin (RR 1.50, 95% CI 0.67 to 3.35; 1 study, 100 participants; low-quality evidence). Total minor adverse events were not reported in the comparison of azelaic acid versus tretinoin, but individual application site reactions were reported, such as scaling. Salicylic acid For PGA, there may be little or no difference between salicylic acid and tretinoin (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.09; 1 study, 46 participants; low-quality evidence); we are not certain whether there is a difference between salicylic acid and pyruvic acid (1 study, 86 participants; very low-quality evidence); and PGA was not measured in the comparison of salicylic acid versus benzoyl peroxide. There may be no difference between groups in withdrawals when comparing salicylic acid and pyruvic acid (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.50; 1 study, 86 participants); when salicylic acid was compared to tretinoin, neither group had withdrawals (both based on low-quality evidence (2 studies, 74 participants)). We are uncertain whether there is a difference in withdrawals between salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide (1 study, 41 participants; very low-quality evidence). For total minor adverse events, we are uncertain if there is any difference between salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide (1 study, 41 participants) or tretinoin (2 studies, 74 participants) (both very low-quality evidence). This outcome was not reported for salicylic acid versus pyruvic acid, but individual application site reactions were reported, such as scaling and redness. Nicotinamide Four studies evaluated nicotinamide against clindamycin or erythromycin, but none measured PGA. Low-quality evidence showed there may be no difference in withdrawals between nicotinamide and clindamycin (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.49 to 2.60; 3 studies, 216 participants) or erythromycin (RR 1.40, 95% CI 0.46 to 4.22; 1 study, 158 participants), or in total minor adverse events between nicotinamide and clindamycin (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.99; 3 studies, 216 participants; low-quality evidence). Total minor adverse events were not reported in the nicotinamide versus erythromycin comparison. Alpha-hydroxy (fruit) acid There may be no difference in PGA when comparing glycolic acid peel to salicylic-mandelic acid peel (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.26; 1 study, 40 participants; low-quality evidence), and we are uncertain if there is a difference in total minor adverse events due to very low-quality evidence (1 study, 44 participants). Neither group had withdrawals (2 studies, 84 participants; low-quality evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Compared to benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid probably leads to a worse treatment response, measured using PGA. When compared to tretinoin, azelaic acid probably makes little or no difference to treatment response. For other comparisons and outcomes the quality of evidence was low or very low. Risk of bias and imprecision limit our confidence in the evidence. We encourage the comparison of more methodologically robust head-to-head trials against commonly used active drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Nottingham China Health Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guan J Liu
- Cochrane China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Frank Peinemann
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Santos-Caetano JP, Gfeller CF, Mahalingam H, Thompson M, Moore DJ, Vila R, Doi R, Cargill MR. Cosmetic benefits of a novel biomimetic lamellar formulation containing niacinamide in healthy females with oily, blemish-prone skin in a randomized proof-of-concept study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 42:29-35. [PMID: 31461548 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A randomized study was designed to evaluate the potential cosmetic benefit of a biomimetic, niacinamide-containing moisturizing cream in oily, blemish-prone skin. METHODS Healthy adult women with oily, blemish-prone skin were randomized to one of three treatment groups: test, control, or positive control. In the test group, subjects used the test product (containing 4% niacinamide), plus the standard cleanser (Simple® Kind to Skin Moisturizing Facial Wash). In the control group, subjects received no moisturizer but used the standard cleanser. In the positive control group, subjects used Vivatinell Acnecinamide® Gel Cream (containing 4% niacinamide) as a moisturizer and Neutrogena Visibly Clear® Spot Clearing Facial Wash (containing 2% salicylic acid) as a cleanser. The positive control regimen was included to provide a comparison for estimates of effect size. The primary objective was to evaluate skin moisturization as a change from baseline in corneometer values at 8 h for the test regimen vs. the control regimen. Analysis of covariance was applied for the primary efficacy analysis. RESULTS A total of 132 subjects were randomized with 44 included in each treatment group. A significant difference was observed in the primary endpoint for the test regimen compared with the control regimen (least-squares mean difference [95% CI]: 3.12 [0.68, 5.56], P = 0.0128). A trend was observed in favour of the positive control regimen compared with the control regimen. Secondary measurements of moisturization supported the primary efficacy outcome. Assessment of blemishes showed a significant difference between the test regimen vs. the control regimen for change from baseline in mean total blemish count at Week 8 (least-squares mean difference [95% CI]: -1.80 [-3.41, -0.19], P = 0.0290). No statistical comparisons between the positive control group and the test group were performed. CONCLUSION This study provides proof-of-concept evidence that a novel lamellar lipid moisturizer containing niacinamide, in combination with a standard cleanser, can help moisturize the skin and provide an overall improvement in the complexion appearance of people with blemish-prone skin. STUDY REGISTRATION NCT03093181.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Santos-Caetano
- GlaxoSmithKline Brazil, São Paulo - Medical Affairs and Clinical Operations, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C F Gfeller
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Medical Affairs - Skin Health, St George's Avenue, Weybridge, UK
| | - H Mahalingam
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Medical Affairs - Skin Health, 184 Liberty Corner Road, Warren, NJ, 07059, USA
| | - M Thompson
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Research and Development - Skin Health, St George's Avenue, Weybridge, KT13 0DE, UK
| | - D J Moore
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Research and Development - Skin Health, St George's Avenue, Weybridge, KT13 0DE, UK
| | - R Vila
- GlaxoSmithKline Brazil, São Paulo - Medical Affairs and Clinical Operations, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Doi
- Azidus Brasil - 507, Rua General Osório, Valinhos, Brazil
| | - M R Cargill
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Medical Affairs - Skin Health, St George's Avenue, Weybridge, UK
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14
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Araviiskaia E, Lopez Estebaranz JL, Pincelli C. Dermocosmetics: beneficial adjuncts in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 32:3-10. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1628173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Araviiskaia
- First Pavlov State Medical Univeristy of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Carlo Pincelli
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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15
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Valente Duarte De Sousa IC. New and emerging drugs for the treatment of acne vulgaris in adolescents. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1009-1024. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1584182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Seborrheic Dermatitis. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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17
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Tan AU, Schlosser BJ, Paller AS. A review of diagnosis and treatment of acne in adult female patients. Int J Womens Dermatol 2017; 4:56-71. [PMID: 29872679 PMCID: PMC5986265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the treatment options for adult female patients with acne. Acne in adult female patients may start during adolescence and persist or have an onset in adulthood. Acne has various psychosocial effects that impact patients’ quality of life. Treatment of acne in adult women specifically has its challenges due to the considerations of patient preferences, pregnancy, and lactation. Treatments vary widely and treatment should be tailored specifically for each individual woman. We review conventional therapies with high levels of evidence, additional treatments with support from cohort studies and case reports, complementary and/or alternative therapies, and new agents under development for the treatment of patients with acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- A U Tan
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
| | - B J Schlosser
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
| | - A S Paller
- Northwestern University, Department of Dermatology, Chicago, IL
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18
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Zarei I, Brown DG, Nealon NJ, Ryan EP. Rice Bran Metabolome Contains Amino Acids, Vitamins & Cofactors, and Phytochemicals with Medicinal and Nutritional Properties. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:24. [PMID: 28547736 PMCID: PMC5453916 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice bran is a functional food that has shown protection against major chronic diseases (e.g. obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer) in animals and humans, and these health effects have been associated with the presence of bioactive phytochemicals. Food metabolomics uses multiple chromatography and mass spectrometry platforms to detect and identify a diverse range of small molecules with high sensitivity and precision, and has not been completed for rice bran. RESULTS This study utilized global, non-targeted metabolomics to identify small molecules in rice bran, and conducted a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed literature to determine bioactive compounds. Three U.S. rice varieties (Calrose, Dixiebelle, and Neptune), that have been used for human dietary intervention trials, were assessed herein for bioactive compounds that have disease control and prevention properties. The profiling of rice bran by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 453 distinct phytochemicals, 209 of which were classified as amino acids, cofactors & vitamins, and secondary metabolites, and were further assessed for bioactivity. A scientific literature search revealed 65 compounds with health properties, 16 of which had not been previously identified in rice bran. This suite of amino acids, cofactors & vitamins, and secondary metabolites comprised 46% of the identified rice bran metabolome, which substantially enhanced our knowledge of health-promoting rice bran compounds provided during dietary supplementation. CONCLUSION Rice bran metabolite profiling revealed a suite of biochemical molecules that can be further investigated and exploited for multiple nutritional therapies and medical food applications. These bioactive compounds may also be biomarkers of dietary rice bran intake. The medicinal compounds associated with rice bran can function as a network across metabolic pathways and this metabolite network may occur via additive and synergistic effects between compounds in the food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zarei
- Department of Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences, Colorado State University, 1680 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna Philippines
| | - Dustin G. Brown
- Department of Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences, Colorado State University, 1680 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Nora Jean Nealon
- Department of Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences, Colorado State University, 1680 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental & Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences, Colorado State University, 1680 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
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19
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Sacchidanand SA, Lahiri K, Godse K, Patwardhan NG, Ganjoo A, Kharkar R, Narayanan V, Borade D, D’souza L. Synchronizing Pharmacotherapy in Acne with Review of Clinical Care. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:341-357. [PMID: 28794543 PMCID: PMC5527713 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_41_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that involves the pathogenesis of four major factors, such as androgen-induced increased sebum secretion, altered keratinization, colonization of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. Several acne mono-treatment and combination treatment regimens are available and prescribed in the Indian market, ranging from retinoids, benzoyl peroxide (BPO), anti-infectives, and other miscellaneous agents. Although standard guidelines and recommendations overview the management of mild, moderate, and severe acne, relevance and positioning of each category of pharmacotherapy available in Indian market are still unexplained. The present article discusses the available topical and oral acne therapies and the challenges associated with the overall management of acne in India and suggestions and recommendations by the Indian dermatologists. The experts opined that among topical therapies, the combination therapies are preferred over monotherapy due to associated lower efficacy, poor tolerability, safety issues, adverse effects, and emerging bacterial resistance. Retinoids are preferred in comedonal acne and as maintenance therapy. In case of poor response, combination therapies BPO-retinoid or retinoid-antibacterials in papulopustular acne and retinoid-BPO or BPO-antibacterials in pustular-nodular acne are recommended. Oral agents are generally recommended for severe acne. Low-dose retinoids are economical and have better patient acceptance. Antibiotics should be prescribed till the inflammation is clinically visible. Antiandrogen therapy should be given to women with high androgen levels and are added to regimen to regularize the menstrual cycle. In late-onset hyperandrogenism, oral corticosteroids should be used. The experts recommended that an early initiation of therapy is directly proportional to effective therapeutic outcomes and prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koushik Lahiri
- Consultant Dermatologist, Wizderm Speciality Skin and Hair Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kiran Godse
- Shree Skin Centre and Pathology Laboratory, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Anil Ganjoo
- Dr. Ganjoo's Skin and Cosmetology Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Kharkar
- Consultant Dermatologist, Dr. Kharkar's Skin Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Varsha Narayanan
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhammraj Borade
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lyndon D’souza
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wockhardt Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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20
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Walocko FM, Eber AE, Keri JE, AL-Harbi MA, Nouri K. The role of nicotinamide in acne treatment. Dermatol Ther 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariel E. Eber
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami Florida
| | - Jonette E. Keri
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami Florida
- Miami VA Hospital; Miami Florida
| | - Mana A. AL-Harbi
- Imam Muhammad ibn Saud I. University (IMSIU); Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami Florida
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21
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Goh CL, Noppakun N, Micali G, Azizan NZ, Boonchai W, Chan Y, Cheong WK, Chiu PC, Etnawati K, Gulmatico-Flores Z, Foong H, Kubba R, Paz-Lao P, Lee YY, Loo S, Modi F, Nguyen TH, Pham TL, Shih YH, Sitohang IB, Wong SN. Meeting the Challenges of Acne Treatment in Asian Patients: A Review of the Role of Dermocosmetics as Adjunctive Therapy. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2016; 9:85-92. [PMID: 27398008 PMCID: PMC4924420 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.184043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional acne treatment presents several challenges such as intolerable side effects and antibiotic resistance. Dermocosmetic products may be used to reduce these unwanted effects. Dermocosmetics include skin cleansers, topical sebum-controllers, skin antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory agents, moisturizers, sunscreens, and camouflage products. Appropriate use of these products may help augment the benefit of acne treatment, minimize side effects, and reduce the need for topical antibiotics. In Asia, there is currently limited scientific data on the application and recommendations for dermocosmetic use in acne vulgaris (AV). This article reviews the evidence on dermocosmetics for AV and provides practice recommendations as discussed during the 4th Asia-Pacific Acne Leaders' Summit held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 7 and 8 February 2015. Through a premeeting survey, a series of plenary lectures, a stepwise program of discussion sessions, and Medline article review, the Expert Panel set forth relevant recommendations on the role of dermocosmetics as adjunct for treating AV in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Leok Goh
- Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | - Nopadon Noppakun
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Noor Zalmy Azizan
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Waranya Boonchai
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yung Chan
- Cutis Medical Group, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Pin Chi Chiu
- International Aesthetic Medical Center, Chinese Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kristiana Etnawati
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Henry Foong
- Foong Skin Specialist Clinic, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Purita Paz-Lao
- Derma Clinic, Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Steven Loo
- Dermatology and Venereology, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Farida Modi
- Dermacare Skin Clinic and Cosmetic Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Thi Lan Pham
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yi Hsien Shih
- Department of Dermatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Irma Bernadette Sitohang
- Cosmetic Dermatology Division, Department of Dermatovenereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Su Ni Wong
- Dr SN Wong Skin, Hair, Nails and Laser Specialist Clinic, Mt Elizabeth Medical Centre, Singapore
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22
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Mahmoud YI, Mahmoud AA. Role of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) in acetaminophen-induced changes in rat liver: Nicotinamide effect in acetaminophen-damged liver. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:345-54. [PMID: 27211843 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic agent, which is safe at therapeutic doses. However, overdoses of acetaminophen induce severe oxidative stress, which leads to acute liver failure. Nicotinamide has proven effective in ameliorating many pathological conditions that occur due to oxidative stress. This study verifies the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of nicotinamide against the hepatic pathophysiological and ultrastructural alterations induced by acetaminophen. Wistar rats intoxicated with an acute overdose of acetaminophen (5g/kg b.wt) were given a single dose of nicotinamide (500mg/kg b.wt) either before or after intoxication. Acetaminophen caused significant elevation in the liver functions and lipid peroxidation marker, and decline in the activities of the hepatic antioxidant enzymes. This oxidative injury was associated with hepatic centrilobular necrosis, hemorrage, vacuolar degeneration, lipid accumulation and mitochondrial alterations. Treating intoxicated rats with nicotinamide (500mg/kg) significantly ameliorated acetaminophen-induced biochemical changes and pathological injuries. However, administering the same dose of nicotinamide to healthy animals or prior to acetaminophen-intoxication induced hepatotoxicity. Caution should be taken when administering high doses of NAM because of its possible hepatotoxicity. Considering the wide use of nicotinamide, there is an important need for monitoring nicotinamide tolerance, safety and efficacy in healthy and diseased subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna I Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa A Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Zidan AS, Ahmed OAA, Aljaeid BM. Nicotinamide polymeric nanoemulsified systems: a quality-by-design case study for a sustained antimicrobial activity. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1501-16. [PMID: 27110111 PMCID: PMC4835127 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s102945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide, the amide form of vitamin B3, was demonstrated to combat some of the antibiotic-resistant infections that are increasingly common around the world. The objective of this study was to thoroughly understand the formulation and process variabilities affecting the preparation of nicotinamide-loaded polymeric nanoemulsified particles. The quality target product profile and critical quality attributes of the proposed product were presented. Plackett-Burman screening design was employed to screen eight variables for their influences on the formulation's critical characteristics. The formulations were prepared by an oil-in-water emulsification followed by solvent replacement. The prepared systems were characterized by entrapment capacity (EC), entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, in vitro drug release, and their antibacterial activity against bacterial scrums. EC, EE, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and percentage release in 24 hours were found to be in the range of 33.5%-68.8%, 53.1%-67.1%, 43.3-243.3 nm, 0.08-0.28, 9.5-53.3 mV, and 5.8%-22.4%, respectively. One-way analysis of variance and Pareto charts revealed that the experimental loadings of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and Eudragit(®) S100 were the most significant for their effects on nicotinamide EC and EE. Moreover, the polymeric nanoemulsified particles demonstrated a sustained release profile for nicotinamide. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction demonstrated a significant interaction between the drug and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin that might modulate the sustained release behavior. Furthermore, the formulations provided a sustained antibacterial activity that depended on nicotinamide-loading concentration, release rate, and incubation time. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the potential of polymeric nanoemulsified system to sustain the release and antibacterial activity of nicotinamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Zidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Osama A A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Bader M Aljaeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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24
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Araviiskaia E, Dréno B. The role of topical dermocosmetics in acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:926-35. [PMID: 26916232 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a common chronic inflammatory disease and treatment modalities based on acne severity are well established. The role of dermocosmetics in dermatology, and in particular acne, is becoming more important as more research elucidates the mechanisms of action of products in the pathogenesis of acne. Dermocosmetics have the potential to be used as monotherapy or in combination with medical treatment. Therefore, it has become important for dermatologists to understand dermocosmetics to effectively and appropriately advise patients on their use. The objective of this review was to provide new insights into the role of traditional and novel ingredients in dermocosmetics for the treatment of acne, based on the authors' objective assessment of the published literature. The type of products discussed include: those which have a sebostatic effect, such as topical antioxidants and niacinamide; agents targeting abnormal keratinization, such as salicylic acid, lipo-hydroxy acid, alpha-hydroxy acids, retinol-based products and linoleic acid; agents targeting Propionibacterium acnes, such as lauric acid; and anti-inflammatory agents such as nicotinamide, alpha-linolenic acid and zinc salts. Despite the scientific advances in understanding these cosmetic ingredients, there still remains a lack of rigorous controlled studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Araviiskaia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - B Dréno
- Department of DermatoCancerology, Nantes University, Nantes, France
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Zaenglein AL, Pathy AL, Schlosser BJ, Alikhan A, Baldwin HE, Berson DS, Bowe WP, Graber EM, Harper JC, Kang S, Keri JE, Leyden JJ, Reynolds RV, Silverberg NB, Stein Gold LF, Tollefson MM, Weiss JS, Dolan NC, Sagan AA, Stern M, Boyer KM, Bhushan R. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:945-73.e33. [PMID: 26897386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 723] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acne is one of the most common disorders treated by dermatologists and other health care providers. While it most often affects adolescents, it is not uncommon in adults and can also be seen in children. This evidence-based guideline addresses important clinical questions that arise in its management. Issues from grading of acne to the topical and systemic management of the disease are reviewed. Suggestions on use are provided based on available evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Diane S Berson
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Whitney P Bowe
- SUNY Down State Medical Center-Brooklyn, New York, New York
| | - Emmy M Graber
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sewon Kang
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonette E Keri
- University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida; Miami VA Hospital, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Rachel V Reynolds
- Harvard Medical Faculty Physicians, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nanette B Silverberg
- Mount Sinai Health System-Beth Israel, New York, New York; St. Lukes-Roosevelt, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin M Boyer
- American Academy of Dermatology, Schaumburg, Illinois
| | - Reva Bhushan
- American Academy of Dermatology, Schaumburg, Illinois.
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McClean M, Silverberg JI. Statistical reporting in randomized controlled trials from the dermatology literature: a review of 44 dermatology journals. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:172-83. [PMID: 25989239 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is determined by several statistical factors. OBJECTIVES To determine the level of recent statistical reporting in RCTs from the dermatology literature. METHODS We searched MEDLINE for all RCTs published between 1 May 2013 and 1 May 2014 in 44 dermatology journals. RESULTS Two hundred and ten articles were screened, of which 181 RCTs from 27 journals were reviewed. Primary study outcomes were met in 122 (67.4%) studies. Sample size calculations and beta values were reported in 52 (28.7%) and 48 (26.5%) studies, respectively, and nonsignificant findings were supported in only 31 (17.1%). Alpha values were reported in 131 (72.4%) of studies with 45 (24.9%) having two-sided P-values, although adjustment for multiple statistical tests was performed in only 16 (9.9% of studies with ≥ two statistical tests performed). Sample size calculations were performed based on a single outcome in 44 (86.3%) and multiple outcomes in six (11.8%) studies. However, among studies that were powered for a single primary outcome, 20 (45.5%) made conclusions based on multiple primary outcomes. Twenty-one (41.2%) studies relied on secondary/unspecified outcomes. There were no differences for primary outcome being met (Chi-square, P = 0.29), sample size calculations (P ≥ 0.55), beta values (P = 0.89), alpha values (P = 0.65), correction for multiple statistical testing (P = 0.59), two-sided alpha (P = 0.64), support of nonsignificant findings (Fisher's exact, P = 0.23) based on the journal's impact factor. CONCLUSIONS Levels of statistical reporting are low in RCTs from the dermatology literature. Future work is needed to improve these levels of reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McClean
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1600, 676 N. St Clair St, Chicago, IL, 60611, U.S.A
| | - J I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1600, 676 N. St Clair St, Chicago, IL, 60611, U.S.A.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1600, 676 N. St Clair St, Chicago, IL, 60611, U.S.A
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Poureisa M, Daghighi MH, Yousefi J, Hagigi A. Correlation of Axial Vertebral Rotation with Nerve Root Involvement: The First Clinical Study in Literature. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.235.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Talghini S, Shenasi R, Fouladi DF, Hagigi A. Demodex folliculorum and Skin Disease: A Case-Control Study. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.229.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Shokouhi B, Halimi M, Hagigi A. Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Affected Patients With and Without Psoriasis: The First Case-control Study in the Literature. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.223.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Halimi M, Shokouhi B, Hagigi A. Abnormal Serum Lipid Profile and Smoking are Associated with Plaque-type Psoriasi: A Case Control Study. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.217.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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M. Forest J, Rafikhah N. Oral Aqueous Green Tea Extract and Acne Vulgaris: A Placebo-Controlled Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ajcn.2014.41.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Esmaeili H, Halimi M, Hagigi A. Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Symptoms and Lipids Profile in Patients with Various Severities of Acne Vulgaris. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.130.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Johnson M, Rafikhah N. Berberis vulgaris Juice and Acne Vulgaris: A Placebo-Controlled Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ajcn.2014.47.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Khodaeinai E, Babaeineja S, Amirnia M, Shokry J, Karimi ER, Fouladi DF, Sedaghat K. Efficacy of 10% Azelaic Acid Gel with Hydro-alcoholic or Alcohol-free Bases
in Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris; the First Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.87.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Khodaeiani E, Halimi M, . AH. Severe Acne Vulgaris is Associated with Helicobacter pylori Infection:
First Report in the Literature. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.92.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Poureisa M, Daghighi MH, Navali AM, Shafaeian M. “Floating Meniscus” a Specific Indicator of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2014.36.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Sabeti S, Malekzad F, Ashayer M, Fouladi RF, Hesari KK, Toutkaboni MP, Younespour S. The rate and pattern of bcl-2 and cytokeratin 15 expression in trichoepithelioma and nodular Basal cell carcinoma: a comparative study. Indian J Dermatol 2013; 58:331-6. [PMID: 24082173 PMCID: PMC3778768 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.117291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Histopathological evaluations can differentiate between clinically resembling trichoepithelioma (TE) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) unless the biopsy specimens are small or superficial. Previous studies used immunohistochemical evaluation for Bcl-2 and cytokeratin 15 (CK15), in attempts to differentiate between these two entities, with heterogeneous findings. Aims: This study intended to compare the rate and patterns of Bcl-2 and CK15 expressions between specimens of TE and nodular BCC. Settings and Design: Case-series including formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cutaneous biopsies. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-two BCC and 12 TE specimens were stained for Bcl-2 and CK15 and examined microscopically. The rate and patterns of expressions were compared between the two groups. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software (SPSS version 16.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), Pearson Chi-square, or Fisher's exact tests, wherever appropriate. Results: The two groups were comparable for the expression rate and patterns of Bcl-2 (86.4%: 5 central, 14 diffuse in BCC vs. 83.3%: 2 central, 8 diffuse in TE; P = 0.59 and 0.54 for rate and pattern, respectively). The rate of CK15 expression was significantly higher in TE specimens (66.7%: 4 central, 3 diffuse, 1 peripheral vs. 4.5%: 1 central; P < 0.001). The positive likelihood ratio in distinguishing the two neoplasms was 14.7 (95% confidence interval: 2.1-103.7). Conclusions: CK15 but not Bcl-2 staining may help in differentiating between BCC and TE even in BCCs with follicular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Sabeti
- Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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