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Lobo R, Kumar SP, Tm R. Professional Quality of Life Among Mental Health Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39261296 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The professional quality of life (ProQOL) is increasingly applied to nurses and is a measure of the positive and negative aspects of their work. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the level of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in empirical studies. Electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science were searched on 7th February 2024, and the review followed PRISMA guidelines. The pooled estimate of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress mean scores using a random-effects model for meta-analyses was undertaken. R statistical software and the dmetar program were used to execute the analysis. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistics, while publication bias was evaluated using Egger's regression test. Twenty-four studies (sample size = 4274) were systematically reviewed and 18 studies (n = 3163) were incorporated into the meta-analysis. Burnout, secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction are found to be at moderate levels in this research. The qualitative analysis informs that variables such as healthy lifestyle, work environment and psychological resilience contribute towards optimum ProQOL scores. The pooled mean estimate was 32.79 (95% CI = 29.57-36) for compassion satisfaction, 24.99 (95% CI = 23.75-26.23) for burnout and 21.99 (95% CI = 18.93-25.06) for secondary traumatic stress, respectively. Mental health nurse managers need to address the factors in the work environment and promote interventions to enhance coping with burnout and STS. Subgroup analyses of country-based economies & regions and years revealed significant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runa Lobo
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Management, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, India
| | - S Pavan Kumar
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Management, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, India
| | - Rofin Tm
- Indian Institute of Management, Mumbai, India
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Gilroy H, Anderson K, Berry DM, Hirsch S, Johnson Makiya D, Ratcliff C. Stress and Trauma Among Nurses in Development (STAND): A Descriptive Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024; 45:840-849. [PMID: 38843035 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2352588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health conditions related to traumatic stress exposure are common in practicing nurses. Less is known about the impact of trauma on nursing students and how it affects their transition to practice. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to understand the experience of trauma exposure and resulting symptoms in undergraduate nursing students. DESIGN This is an analysis of baseline data from a longitudinal study. Students in an undergraduate nursing program completed a survey with validated instruments to measure trauma exposure, risk and protective factors, and trauma symptoms. SETTINGS The study took place in an undergraduate nursing program in the United States. PARTICIPANTS A total of 248 nursing students participated in the study. RESULTS The nursing students reported a higher number of adverse childhood experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms than the general population. Additionally, mental health symptoms and burnout symptoms increased over time. CONCLUSIONS Nursing students are at high risk for PTSD and other mental health conditions due to cumulative trauma. Interventions are needed to address trauma in developing nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Gilroy
- Memorial Hermann Health System, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - Kennedy Anderson
- School of Nursing, Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - Devon M Berry
- School of Nursing, Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah Hirsch
- School of Nursing, Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | | | - Chelsea Ratcliff
- School of Nursing, Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
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Rooney C, Pyer M, Campbell J. Leaving it at the gate: A phenomenological exploration of resilience in mental health nursing staff in a high-secure personality disorder unit. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:2880-2892. [PMID: 37975293 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND DESIGN This study reports a qualitative phenomenological investigation of resilience in nursing staff working in a high-secure personality disorder service. METHOD Interviews were carried out with six nursing staff, and these captured the richness and complexity of the lived experience of nursing staff. RESULTS Four superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: Management of emotions: participants showed an awareness that their job is about giving care to patients who may present with very challenging behaviours. The care that they offered was conceptualized as something that needed to be provided in a measured way, with boundaries. A clear distinction was drawn between 'caring personally' for patients, and 'providing care'. Teamwork: teamwork was cited as a major influencing factor by all participants. This was seen as directly impacting the smooth running of the ward, and therefore on the well-being of nursing staff, but also of patients. Understanding: nursing staff were acutely aware that they were working in an environment where everyday interactions would be open to intense scrutiny and possible misinterpretation by patients. Work-life balance: All the participants spoke of making a conscious effort to have a separate work and home life, which was influenced by a number of factors. CONCLUSION The article has discussed the themes of managing emotion, team understanding and work-life balance, illustrating how each contributes to the resilience of nursing staff in this challenging environment. New insights - applicable in both national and international contexts - have been produced. IMPACT In secure environments, mental health nursing staff need organizational support and assistance to develop ways of managing difficult experiences with patients, systems that promote recovery, and educational and supervisory support to help understand and process the effects on them. This article provides evidence to support the work of managers and clinicians in these environments. No Patient or Public Contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Rooney
- Niche Health & Social Care Consulting, Trafford House, Manchester, UK
| | - Michelle Pyer
- Faculty of Health, Education and Society, University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton, UK
| | - Jackie Campbell
- Faculty of Health, Education and Society, University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton, UK
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Wu Y, Dai Z, Jing S, Liu X, Zhang L, Liu X, Ren T, Fu J, Chen X, Xiao W, Wang H, Huang Y, Wang W, Gu X, Ma L, Zhang S, Yu Y, Li L, Han Z, Su X, Qiao Y. Prevalence and influencing factors of PTSD symptoms among healthcare workers: A multicenter cross-sectional study during the surge period of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2022 in the Chinese mainland. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:70-77. [PMID: 38065482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has experienced a surge period of COVID-19 pandemic since December 2022. Healthcare workers (HCWs) were exposed to huge workload under high risk of being infected, and significant levels of trauma, which might cause Post-traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) symptoms in HCWs. OBJECTIVES To identify the prevalence of PTSD symptoms among HCWs in the Chinese mainland during the surge period of the COVID-19 pandemic; to explore their psycho-social factors of PTSD symptoms. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in Chinese mainland from January 5 to February 9, 2023, covering seven geographical regions. 6552 participants were recruited by convenience sampling. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, work-related factors, and psychological factors by online questionnaires. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to determine the influencing factors of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of PTSD symptoms among HCWs was 37.49 %. A higher level of mindfulness, resilience, and perceived social support were protective factors. Female gender, nurses, higher educational attainment, married status, more working years, higher perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 due to work, and higher perceived work intensity were risk factors. CONCLUSION High prevalence of PTSD symptoms among HCWs necessitates psychological interventions. Tailored interventions, designed by professional psychiatrists, should be tailored to address the stressors. A comprehensive approach, incorporating mindfulness, resilience-building, and perceived social support enhancement, is vital to bolster the mental well-being of HCWs exposed to traumatic events, thus mitigating the impact of PTSD effectively. Additionally, it is essential to provide support to HCWs with other potential risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Wu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwei Dai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Jing
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianrui Ren
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofen Gu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Ma
- Public Health School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shaokai Zhang
- Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliate Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhili Han
- China Foreign Affairs University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Youlin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liang L, Hu Y, Fei J, Yuan T, Gao R, Yue J, Song Q, Zhao X, Mei S. Association between burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder among frontline nurse during COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediation analysis. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1076-1083. [PMID: 38041239 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among frontline nurses who went to assist the epidemic situation in Wuhan, China, during the outbreak in 2020. The study also explored the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of age in the main relationship. BACKGROUND The relationship between burnout and PTSD in nurse has rarely been investigated in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understand the relationship between these variables can provide empirical evidence for developing interventions and protocols that improve the health of nurses in future public health emergencies. DESIGN An online cross-sectional survey of targeted local 327 nurses who went to assist the COVID-19 epidemic situation in Wuhan during the initial outbreak. METHODS This study was conducted in August 2020, the burnout scale, the PTSD scale and the depression scale were used to survey participants. The moderated mediation model was used to test research hypotheses. RESULTS Burnout could affect the PTSD symptoms in nursing staffs and depression could mediate this relationship. Age moderated the relationship between burnout/depression and PTSD, and the effects was strong and significant among younger participants in the relationship between burnout and PTSD. CONCLUSIONS Burnout was identified as a core risk factor of PTSD in nurses. Depression and age played significant roles in the relationship between burnout and PTSD. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE PTSD, as a symptom that manifests after experiencing a stressful event, should be a key concern among frontline healthcare professionals. This study suggests that PTSD in nurses can be further reduced by reducing burnout. Attention should also be paid to the PTSD status of nurses of different age groups. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Patients and the public were not involved in the design and implementation of this study. Frontline nurses completed an online questionnaire for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Liang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuanchao Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Junsong Fei
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Tongshuang Yuan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ren Gao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jingyi Yue
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xixi Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Songli Mei
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Chen HJ, Liao LL, Lin HL, Chang LC. Burnout and Mental Health and Well-Being of School Nurses After the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Cross-Sectional Survey. J Sch Nurs 2023; 39:125-132. [PMID: 36710588 PMCID: PMC9902806 DOI: 10.1177/10598405221150879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the associations between job stressors, COVID-19-related concerns, burnout, and mental health and well-being among school nurses, and whether any of these associations are mediated by burnout. Based on stratified proportional sampling, data collection was conducted by an online questionnaire distributed to 600 school nurses in Taiwan. A total of 256 participants aged between 27 and 62 years (mean = 47.08; standard deviation = 7.28) returned questionnaires. Results showed that burnout was the main mediating variable that fully mediated the relationship between COVID-19-related concerns and mental health and well-being. The effects of job stressors on mental health and well-being included direct negative effects (β = -.29) and indirect negative effects (β = -.67) through mediating factors. School health managers should be more aware of burnout and mental health and well-being among school nurses under the impact of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Jung Chen
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Liao
- Department of Health Management, IShou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lin
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan,School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan,School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Nursing, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Chang
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan,School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan City, Taiwan,Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan,Li-Chun Chang, School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wen-Hua 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33303.
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Liu Y, Zou L, Yan S, Zhang P, Zhang J, Wen J, Mao J, Li L, Wang Y, Fu W. Burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among medical staff two years after the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China: Social support and resilience as mediators. J Affect Disord 2023; 321:126-133. [PMID: 36280200 PMCID: PMC9585849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the relationship between burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between burnout and PTSD symptoms among medical staff two years after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Wuhan, China, and explore the mediating roles of social support and psychological resilience. METHODS A multicenter survey was conducted online from January to March 2022 among healthcare professionals from six general hospitals. Hierarchical linear regression was used to detect the predictors of PTSD symptoms. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the pathways from burnout to PTSD symptoms. RESULTS Hierarchical linear regression showed that burnout, social support, and psychological resilience were significant predictors of PTSD symptoms among medical staff. In the SEM, the standardized total effect of burnout on PTSD symptoms was 0.336(bias-corrected 95 % confidence interval [0.303, 0.367], P < 0.001). Social support and psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between burnout and PTSD symptoms (indirect effects accounted for 22.3 % of the total effect). LIMITATIONS Owing to the cross-sectional design, only clues to causal explanations can be provided. CONCLUSIONS Burnout has significant direct and indirect effects on PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, social support and psychological resilience might be effective ways to reduce the impact of burnout on PTSD symptoms in medical staff after a major public health outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Liu
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiao Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China,School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Mao
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longti Li
- Department of Nursing, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenning Fu
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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