1
|
Winqust A, Burduli E, Eddy LL, Landis T, Fraser J, Barbosa Leiker C. Associations between nurse characteristics, institutional characteristics and perceived nurse knowledge and self-efficacy of reporting suspected child abuse and neglect. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2662-2673. [PMID: 38366766 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine the association between nurse and institutional characteristics and perceived professional nurse knowledge and self-efficacy of reporting child abuse and neglect. DESIGN A sample of N = 166 nurses were recruited to respond to the Reporting of Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect (RSCAN) survey. METHODS A multiple linear regression examined whether nurse characteristics and institutional characteristics were associated with the two RSCAN survey domain scores. RESULTS Perceived knowledge of a workplace child abuse and neglect protocol was associated with the knowledge subscale. Education and child abuse and neglect expertise were significant predictors of the self-efficacy subscale. Nurses with a master's or higher degree and those who identified as being either forensic, paediatric or Emergency Department nurses, had less perceived institutional barriers to self-efficacy of reporting child abuse and neglect. CONCLUSION This study provides a preliminary insight into the institutional barriers and facilitators of nurses as child abuse and neglect mandated reporters. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE To encourage innovative education and collaborations to support nurses as fully informed child abuse and neglect mandated reporters. IMPACT This research identifies the gaps and facilitators of nurses as child abuse and neglect mandated reporters to inform healthcare professionals and academic institutions on the importance of nurse education and experience in nurse knowledge and self-efficacy in reporting suspected child abuse and neglect. REPORTING METHODS The authors of this study have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines: STROBE. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION There is no patient or public contribution as the study only looked at nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winqust
- College of Nursing, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ekaterina Burduli
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Linda L Eddy
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
| | - Tullamora Landis
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer Fraser
- Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaur A, Brown MJ, James TA, Nkwonta CA, Hart MJ. Stories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among older adults living with HIV (OALH) in South Carolina: a qualitative study. AIDS Care 2024; 36:272-279. [PMID: 37139537 PMCID: PMC10622329 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2208323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) devastatingly impacts an individual's behavioral, psychological, and social health. Childhood, a developmental stage directly influenced by the home or school environment, leaves a life-long imprint. Compared with the general population, CSA prevalence is doubled among people living with HIV. Thus, the study aimed to explore CSA circumstances among older adults living with HIV (OALH) in South Carolina (SC). We included 24 OALH aged 50 and above who reported CSA. The data were collected at an immunology center in SC. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The iterative analytic process included a discussion of initial thoughts and key concepts, identification, and reconciliation of codes, and naming of emergent themes. Six themes emerged: known perpetrators, re-victimization, "nobody believed me", "cannot live like others", lack of CSA disclosure, and interconnections with other adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). CSA experiences and non-disclosure were found to be linked with shame, embarrassment, fear, and trust issues. Hence, trauma-focused interventions are required to resolve these issues and improve the quality of life of OALH with past trauma. Counseling or therapy programs should incorporate psychological and behavioral theoretical models to best target OALH who are CSA survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208
| | - Monique J. Brown
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
- Office for the Study on Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Titilayo A. James
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208
| | | | - Mackenzie J. Hart
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Winquist A, Leiker CB, Landis T, Fraser J, Eddy LL, Burduli E. Development and psychometric evaluation of the reporting suspected child abuse and neglect (RSCAN) scale for United States registered nurses. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e319-e326. [PMID: 37863784 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the United States (US), nurses have a mandated duty to report child abuse and neglect (CAN). Despite comprising the highest proportion of the US healthcare workforce, limited research has explored the institutional barriers they face in reporting suspected CAN. Furthermore, there is no existing valid and reliable measure of reporting relevant to US. The purpose of this research is to develop and psychometrically evaluate a scale to measure nurse knowledge and self-efficacy as CAN mandated reporters. DESIGN AND METHODS The Reporting Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect (RSCAN) tool was developed from two existing international tools to examine institutional barriers and facilitators to US nurses' professional knowledge and reporting of CAN. A convenience sample of one hundred and sixty-six US nurses primarily from the Pacific Northwest responded to an online survey. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's α were used to examine validity and internal consistency, respectively, of an initial 16-item scale. RESULTS A two-factor model consisting of eight items indicated good model fit (CFI = 0.986, RMSEA = 0.049, and SRMR = 0.028) and was internally consistent (Cronbach's α = 0.822). CONCLUSION RSCAN is the first US instrument to reliably measure nurses' professional knowledge and self-efficacy of reporting suspected CAN. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Future research can build upon these findings to recognize and support nurses in their mandated role to report CAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winquist
- University of Colorado Anschutz, College of Nursing, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Celestina Barbosa Leiker
- Washington State University, College of Nursing, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, WA 99202-231, USA.
| | - Tullamora Landis
- Washington State University, College of Nursing, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, WA 99202-231, USA.
| | - Jennifer Fraser
- University of Sydney, Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Linda L Eddy
- Washington State University, College of Nursing, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA.
| | - Ekaterina Burduli
- Washington State University, College of Nursing, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, WA 99202-231, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eaves T, Roney L, Neitlich J, Knapik K, Lapointe K. A-TEAM: An Interprofessional Approach to Mandated Reporting in the Hospital Setting. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:e1-e5. [PMID: 36682970 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Reporting suspected child maltreatment in pediatric settings presents unique challenges. Variation in mandated reporter training may lead to discomfort and emotional dysregulation. Failure to collaborate inter-professionally potentially results in suboptimal care for vulnerable children and families. A-TEAM promotes awareness, transparency, empathy, a nonjudgmental strategy, and management by an interprofessional team when referring patients for child protective services evaluation. A faculty trained in pediatric trauma nursing led the development of A-TEAM. Integrating nursing and social work expertise protects the integrity of family-centered patient care. The A-TEAM approach may be a valuable contribution to the continuing education of pediatric health care professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanika Eaves
- Tanika Eaves, Assistant Professor of Social Work, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Linda Roney, Associate Professor of Nursing, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Joshua Neitlich, Director of Field Education, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Katherine Knapik, Labor and Delivery Nurse, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Kayla Lapointe, MSW Candidate, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT..
| | - Linda Roney
- Tanika Eaves, Assistant Professor of Social Work, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Linda Roney, Associate Professor of Nursing, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Joshua Neitlich, Director of Field Education, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Katherine Knapik, Labor and Delivery Nurse, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Kayla Lapointe, MSW Candidate, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT
| | - Joshua Neitlich
- Tanika Eaves, Assistant Professor of Social Work, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Linda Roney, Associate Professor of Nursing, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Joshua Neitlich, Director of Field Education, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Katherine Knapik, Labor and Delivery Nurse, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Kayla Lapointe, MSW Candidate, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT
| | - Katherine Knapik
- Tanika Eaves, Assistant Professor of Social Work, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Linda Roney, Associate Professor of Nursing, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Joshua Neitlich, Director of Field Education, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Katherine Knapik, Labor and Delivery Nurse, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Kayla Lapointe, MSW Candidate, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT
| | - Kayla Lapointe
- Tanika Eaves, Assistant Professor of Social Work, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Linda Roney, Associate Professor of Nursing, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Joshua Neitlich, Director of Field Education, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Katherine Knapik, Labor and Delivery Nurse, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT.; Kayla Lapointe, MSW Candidate, Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Conceição MMD, Whitaker MCO, Grimaldi MRM, Silva LLPD, Silva LSD, Oliveira MMC, Camargo CLD. Child and adolescent victims of sexual violence: aspects of physical and emotional development. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75Suppl 2:e20200584. [PMID: 35858019 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify the multidisciplinary health team's perception on aspects of the physical and emotional development of children and adolescents who have suffered sexual violence. METHODS a qualitative study, carried out with 30 health professionals in a hospital in Bahia, Brazil, between June and July 2019. Data were collected from an interview guided by a semi-structured questionnaire. The results were interpreted according to Symbolic Interactionism. RESULTS some sexually violated children were under five years old and healthy, others had physical/mental disabilities. Victimized adolescents were in the pre-pubertal phase, with fragile body structure, not emotionally mature and unaware of sexuality. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS children's physical and emotional aspects make children vulnerable to sexual victimization, as they facilitate the control and dominion that offenders need to have over them. As a protection strategy, it is recommended using sexual and health education linked to greater surveillance of family members, multidisciplinary team and educators.
Collapse
|
6
|
Conceição MMD, Whitaker MCO, Grimaldi MRM, Silva LLPD, Silva LSD, Oliveira MMC, Camargo CLD. Crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual: aspectos do desenvolvimento físico e emocional. Rev Bras Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0584pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a percepção da equipe multiprofissional de saúde sobre os aspectos do desenvolvimento físico e emocional de crianças e adolescentes que sofreram violência sexual. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, realizado com 30 profissionais de saúde em hospital da Bahia, Brasil, entre junho e julho de 2019. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevista norteada por questionário semiestruturado. Os resultados foram interpretados conforme o Interacionismo Simbólico. Resultados: algumas crianças violadas sexualmente tinham menos de cinco anos e aspecto saudável, outras portavam deficiências físicas/mentais. Adolescentes vitimizadas estavam em fase pré-púbere, com estrutura corporal frágil, pouco amadurecidas emocionalmente e desconheciam sobre sexualidade. Considerações finais: aspectos físicos e emocionais infantojuvenis vulnerabilizam crianças para a vitimização sexual, pois facilitam o controle e domínio que o agressor necessita ter sobre elas. Como estratégia de proteção, recomenda-se o uso da educação sexual e em saúde atreladas a maior vigilância de familiares, da equipe multiprofissional e educadores.
Collapse
|
7
|
An Interprofessional Approach to Family-Centered Child Protective Services Referral: A Case Report. J Trauma Nurs 2021; 28:401-405. [PMID: 34766935 DOI: 10.1097/jtn.0000000000000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of the trauma team often find themselves in a uniquely challenging position wherein their role on the care team may necessitate developing a working relationship with alleged or confirmed perpetrators of abuse. CASE PRESENTATION A 9-week-old admitted to the hospital with hyponatremia and evaluation for suspected child physical abuse. Specific details of the case were a barrier to communication and interactions between the patient's mother and the trauma nurse. This report will provide a discussion of takeaway lessons to support communication with this patient population. CONCLUSION Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations is utilized as a framework for engaging in therapeutic communication with a family that is part of a child protective services evaluation. The mnemonic, A-TEAM (Aware, Transparent, Empathetic, A nonjudgmental approach, and Managed by an interprofessional team), is introduced as a strategy for trauma nurses and other health care team members to engage in therapeutic communication with a family that is part of a child protective services evaluation during their admission.
Collapse
|
8
|
Arimoto A, Tadaka E. Developing and Validating a New Scale to Assess Signs of Neglect of Infants and Caregivers. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:8960-8983. [PMID: 31328652 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519863724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a scale assessing the early signs of infant neglect and to test its reliability and validity. Neglect is a frequent type of child maltreatment and a serious problem worldwide, but it has received limited research attention. Previous studies of neglect assessment have mainly been targeted toward assessing the risk of apparent neglectful caregivers and neglected children. Early needs assessment scale focused on neglect evaluated by public health professionals in infants is necessary for the urgency of preventing neglect from infancy. Participants were community/public health nurses across Japan with experience working with neglectful caregivers of infants. The initial Signs of Neglect in Infants Assessment Scale (SIGN) was developed and refined based on previous studies, community/public health nurse consultation, and expert review. In 2017, 474 community/public health nurses completed a questionnaire regarding one infant neglect case. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and comparisons with a preexisting scale and case reporting status were used to narrow the scale and assess its psychometric properties. Item and exploratory factor analyses reduced the scale to 14 items on three factors: lack of basic supervisory care, child underdevelopment, and lack of emotional behavior. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit (adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.921). Cronbach's alpha was >.80 for total SIGN and all three factors. SIGN score was positively correlated with the preexisting scale (r = .335, p < .001) and with child protection services reporting status (M = 12.8 for reported cases vs. 9.2 for unreported cases, p < .001). The SIGN is an innovative scale with good psychometric properties for assessing signs of infant neglect. It has the potential to contribute to preventing infant neglect by providing early support to infants and their caregivers.
Collapse
|
9
|
Büyük E. The effect of training program on the knowledge level of midwifery students about child abuse. JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jnms.jnms_54_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|