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Zhao YZ, Du CC, Xuan Y, Huang D, Qi B, Shi Y, Shen X, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Chen Y, Kou L, Yao Q. Bilirubin/morin self-assembled nanoparticle-engulfed collagen/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel accelerates chronic diabetic wound healing by modulating inflammation and ameliorating oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129704. [PMID: 38272431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic diabetic wounds pose a serious threat to human health and safety because of their refractory nature and high recurrence rates. The formation of refractory wounds is associated with wound microenvironmental factors such as increased expression of proinflammatory factors and oxidative stress. Bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant, and morin is a naturally active substance that possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Both hold the potential for diabetic wound treatment by intervening in pathological processes. In this study, we developed bilirubin/morin-based carrier-free nanoparticles (BMn) to treat chronic diabetic wounds. In vitro studies showed that BMn could effectively scavenge overproduced reactive oxygen species and suppress elevated inflammation, thereby exerting a protective effect. BMn was then loaded into a collagen/polyvinyl alcohol gel (BMn@G) for an in vivo study to maintain a moist environment for the skin and convenient biomedical applications. BMn@G exhibits excellent mechanical properties, water retention capabilities, and in vivo safety. In type I diabetic mice, BMn@G elevated the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and concurrently diminished the expression of the proinflammatory factor TNF-α in the tissues surrounding the wounds. Furthermore, BMn@G efficiently mediated macrophage polarization from the M1-type to the M2-type, thereby fostering anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, BMn@G facilitated the conversion of type III collagen fiber bundles to type I collagen fiber bundles, resulting in a more mature collagen fiber structure. This study provides a promising therapeutic alternative for diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chu-Chu Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yunxia Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Di Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Boyang Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yifan Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xinyue Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yueyue Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
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Hashem MA, Alotaibi BS, Elsayed MMA, Alosaimi ME, Hussein AK, Abduljabbar MH, Lee KT, Abdelkader H, El-Mokhtar MA, Hassan AH, Abdel-Rheem AA, Belal A, Saddik MS. Characterization and Bio-Evaluation of the Synergistic Effect of Simvastatin and Folic Acid as Wound Dressings on the Healing Process. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2423. [PMID: 37896183 PMCID: PMC10610475 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a significant healthcare problem that decreases the patient's quality of life. Hence, several agents and approaches have been widely used to help accelerate wound healing. The challenge is to search for a topical delivery system that could supply long-acting effects, accurate doses, and rapid healing activity. Topical forms of simvastatin (SMV) are beneficial in wound care. This study aimed to develop a novel topical chitosan-based platform of SMV with folic acid (FA) for wound healing. Moreover, the synergistic effect of combinations was determined in an excisional wound model in rats. The prepared SMV-FA-loaded films (SMV-FAPFs) were examined for their physicochemical characterizations and morphology. Box-Behnken Design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate the tensile strength and release characteristics of the prepared SMV-FAPFs. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and animal studies were also investigated. The developed SMV-FAPFs showed a contraction of up to 80% decrease in the wound size after ten days. The results of the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated a significant upregulation of dermal collagen type I (CoTI) expression and downregulation of the inflammatory JAK3 expression in wounds treated with SMV-FAPFs when compared to control samples and individual drug treatments. In summary, it can be concluded that the utilization of SMV-FAPFs holds great potential for facilitating efficient and expeditious wound healing, hence presenting a feasible substitute for conventional topical administration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Hashem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (A.A.A.-R.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. A. Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (A.A.A.-R.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Manal E. Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal K. Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.K.H.); (H.A.)
| | - Maram H. Abduljabbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life and Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamdy Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.K.H.); (H.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed H.E. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Amany A. Abdel-Rheem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (A.A.A.-R.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Saddik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (A.A.A.-R.); (M.S.S.)
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Leal EC, Carvalho E. Heme Oxygenase-1 as Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912043. [PMID: 36233341 PMCID: PMC9569859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the major complications of diabetes. Wound healing under diabetic conditions is often impaired. This is in part due to the excessive oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation, immune cell dysfunction, delayed re-epithelialization, and decreased angiogenesis present at the wound site. As a result of these multifactorial impaired healing pathways, it has been difficult to develop effective therapeutic strategies for DFU. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation generating carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV) which is converted into bilirubin (BR), and iron. HO-1 is a potent antioxidant. It can act as an anti-inflammatory, proliferative, angiogenic and cytoprotective enzyme. Due to its biological functions, HO-1 plays a very important role in wound healing, in part mediated through the biologically active end products generated by its enzymatic activity, particularly CO, BV, and BR. Therapeutic strategies involving the activation of HO-1, or the topical application of its biologically active end products are important in diabetic wound healing. Therefore, HO-1 is an attractive therapeutic target for DFU treatment. This review will provide an overview and discussion of the importance of HO-1 as a therapeutic target for diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermelindo Carreira Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.C.L.); (E.C.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (E.C.L. & E.C.)
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.C.L.); (E.C.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (E.C.L. & E.C.)
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Kamothi DJ, Kant V, Jangir BL, Joshi VG, Ahuja M, Kumar V. Novel preparation of bilirubin-encapsulated pluronic F-127 nanoparticles as a potential biomaterial for wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Yao Q, Shi Y, Xia X, Tang Y, Jiang X, Zheng YW, Zhang H, Chen R, Kou L. Bioadhesive hydrogel comprising bilirubin/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes promote diabetic wound healing. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1139-1149. [PMID: 34425063 PMCID: PMC8386728 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1964543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic non-healing diabetic wound therapy is an important clinical challenge. Manipulating the release of bioactive factors from an adhesive hydrogel is an effective approach to repair chronic wounds. As an endogenous antioxidant, bilirubin (BR) has been shown to promote wound healing. Nonetheless, its application is limited by its low water solubility and oxidative degradation. OBJECTIVE This study developed a bilirubin-based formulation for diabetic wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bilirubin was incorporated into β-CD-based inclusion complex (BR/β-CD) which was then loaded into a bioadhesive hydrogel matrix (BR/β-CD/SGP). Scratch wound assays were performed to examine the in vitro pro-healing activity of BR/β-CD/SGP (25 μg/mL of BR). Wounds of diabetic or non-diabetic rats were covered with BR or BR/β-CD/SGP hydrogels (1 mg/mL of BR) and changed every day for a period of 7 or 21 days. Histological assays were conducted to evaluate the in vivo effect of BR/β-CD/SGP. RESULTS Compared to untreated (18.7%) and BR (55.2%) groups, wound closure was more pronounced (65.0%) in BR/β-CD/SGP group. In diabetic rats, the wound length in BR/β-CD/SGP group was smaller throughout the experimental period than untreated groups. Moreover, BR/β-CD/SGP decreased TNF-α levels to 7.7% on day 3, and elevated collagen deposition and VEGF expression to 11.9- and 8.2-fold on day 14. The therapeutic effects of BR/β-CD/SGP were much better than those of the BR group. Similar observations were made in the non-diabetic model. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION BR/β-CD/SGP promotes wound healing and tissue remodelling in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats, indicating an ideal wound-dressing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yannan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xing Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zheng
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Children’s Respiration Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Ruijie Chen 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou325027, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- CONTACT Longfa Kou
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Adin CA. Bilirubin as a Therapeutic Molecule: Challenges and Opportunities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1536. [PMID: 34679671 PMCID: PMC8532879 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is strong evidence that serum free bilirubin concentration has significant effects on morbidity and mortality in the most significant health conditions of our times, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity/metabolic syndrome. Supplementation of bilirubin in animal and experimental models has reproduced these protective effects, but several factors have slowed the application bilirubin as a therapeutic agent in human patients. Bilirubin is poorly soluble in water, and is a complex molecule that is difficult to synthesize. Current sources of this molecule are animal-derived, creating concerns regarding the risk of virus or prion transmission. However, recent developments in nanoparticle drug delivery, biosynthetic strategies, and drug synthesis have opened new avenues for applying bilirubin as a pharmaceutical agent. This article reviews the chemistry and physiology of bilirubin, potential clinical applications and summarizes current strategies for safe and efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Adin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Yao Q, Chen R, Ganapathy V, Kou L. Therapeutic application and construction of bilirubin incorporated nanoparticles. J Control Release 2020; 328:407-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wound Healing Activity of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore. Leaf Hydroethanolic Extract. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2483187. [PMID: 32908626 PMCID: PMC7468672 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2483187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore. has been used to treat small wounds by minority people in Lam Dong, Vietnam. However, there has been no scientific evidences about its wound healing activity. This study is aimed at evaluating the wound healing activity of Crassocephalum crepidioides hydroethanolic extract via its antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities and healing capability on a mouse excision wound model. Crassocephalum crepidioides hydroethanolic extract (CCLE) at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day reduced the wound closure time about 3.5 days, compared to vehicle treatment. The granulation tissue on day 7 after surgery from the treated group showed a 2.8-fold decrease in the density of inflammatory cells, 1.9-fold increase in the fibroblast density, and a higher number of blood vessels. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that the mRNA expression level of NF-κB1 and TNF-α mRNA in CCLE-treated wounds decreased by 4.6 and 3.3 times, respectively, while TGF-β1 and VEGF were found to increase by 3.3 and 2.4 times, respectively. Our experimental data provided proofs of Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf wound healing activity due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, wound contraction, and angiogenesis effects.
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Nitti M, Furfaro AL, Mann GE. Heme Oxygenase Dependent Bilirubin Generation in Vascular Cells: A Role in Preventing Endothelial Dysfunction in Local Tissue Microenvironment? Front Physiol 2020; 11:23. [PMID: 32082188 PMCID: PMC7000760 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Among antioxidants in the human body, bilirubin has been recognized over the past 20 years to afford protection against different chronic conditions, including inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Moderate increases in plasma concentration and cellular bilirubin generation from metabolism of heme via heme oxygenase (HMOX) in virtually all tissues can modulate endothelial and vascular function and exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and critical overview of the molecular mechanisms by which bilirubin derived from plasma or from HMOX1 activation in vascular cells affects endothelial function. Understanding the molecular actions of bilirubin may critically improve the management not only of key cardiovascular diseases, but also provide insights into a broad spectrum of pathologies driven by endothelial dysfunction. In this context, therapeutic interventions aimed at mildly increasing serum bilirubin as well as bilirubin generated endogenously by endothelial HMOX1 should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Mazumdar S, Ghosh AK, Dinda M, Das AK, Das S, Jana K, Karmakar P. Evaluation of wound healing activity of ethanol extract of Annona reticulata L. leaf both in vitro and in diabetic mice model. J Tradit Complement Med 2019; 11:27-37. [PMID: 33511059 PMCID: PMC7817713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The leaves of AnnonareticulataLinn (牛心果niú x ınguǒ; Bullock’s heart), a member of Annonaceae family, have been used extensively in folk medicine; however, its wound healing potential is yet to be explored. Our aim was to investigate the wound healing ability of A. reticulataleaf extract in vitro and in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice model. Material and methods We observed the plant extract induced proliferation and migration of primary human dermal fibroblast (HDF), human skin fibroblast cell line (GM00637) and human keratinocyte cell line (HACAT). The expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), collagen-1, collagen-3, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) were evaluated by Western blot and gelatin zymography. Excisional diabetic wound model was used for in vivo wound healing assay. Furthermore, we processed wound tissue for histological and immunohistochemical study. Result A. reticulata L. leaf extract stimulates proliferation and migration of HDF, skin fibroblast and keratinocyte significantly in a dose dependent manner; expression of TGF-β, CTGF, VEGF, α-SMA, MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen-1, collagen-3, FAK increased. Additionally, an enhanced expression of phospho-SMAD2, phospho-SMAD3 in the treated cells indicated the activation of TGF-β signal transduction pathway, similarly increased expression of phospho-AkT suggested activation of PI3/AkT pathway. Expression of CTGF and α-SMA was also increased significantly in wound tissue. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that mainly two compounds to be present in the extract: quercetin and β-sitosterol. Conclusion Collective data suggest that A.reticulata leaf extract may have a stimulatory effect in diabetic wound healing. While the leaf extract from other species of the Annonaceae family have been studied extensively for wound healing activity, Annona reticulata leaf has not been explored for the same. The present study showed significantly increased proliferation and migration of both fibroblasts and keratinocytes in the treated group with enhanced expression of various growth factors critical to wound healing.Topical application accelerated wound closure in diabetic mice model compared to the positive control group. Annonareticulata Linn leaf extract have stimulatory effect in diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Mazumdar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Amit K Ghosh
- Calcutta National Medical College, 32,Gorachand Road, Beniapukur, Kolkata, 700014, West Bengal, India
| | - Manikarna Dinda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Anjan K Das
- Calcutta National Medical College, 32,Gorachand Road, Beniapukur, Kolkata, 700014, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurabh Das
- Department of Chemistry (Inorganic Section), Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
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Yao Q, Jiang X, Kou L, Samuriwo AT, Xu HL, Zhao YZ. Pharmacological actions and therapeutic potentials of bilirubin in islet transplantation for the treatment of diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2019; 145:104256. [PMID: 31054312 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is the experimental strategy to treat type 1 diabetes by transplanting isolated islets from a donor pancreas into the recipient. While significant progress has been made in the islet transplantation field, islet loss before and after transplantation is still the major obstacle that currently precludes its widespread application. Islet must survive from possible cellular damages during the isolation procedure, storage time, islet injection process and post-transplantation immune rejection, only then the survived islets could produce insulin, actively regulating the blood glucose level. Therefore, islet protection needs to be addressed, especially regarding oxidative stress and immune response induced islet cell damages in diabetic patients. Many clinical data have shown that mildly elevated bilirubin levels in the body negatively correlate to the occurrence of an array of diseases that are related to increased oxidative stress, especially diabetes, and its complications. Recent studies confirmed that bilirubin helps receivers to suppress immune reaction and enable prolonged tolerance to islet transplantation. In this paper, we will review the pharmacological mechanism of bilirubin to modulate oxidative cellular damage and chronic inflammatory reaction in both diabetes and islet transplantation process. Also, we will present the clinical evidence of a strong correlation in bilirubin and diabetes. More importantly, we will summarize undergoing therapeutic applications of bilirubin in islet transplantation and discuss formulation approaches designed to overcome bilirubin delivery issues for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Adelaide T Samuriwo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Jabarpour M, Siavashi V, Asadian S, Babaei H, Jafari SM, Nassiri SM. Hyperbilirubinemia-induced pro-angiogenic activity of infantile endothelial progenitor cells. Microvasc Res 2018; 118:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Tabassum A, Furtado SC, Bharath S. Development of antimicrobial colloidal silver incorporated lyophilized biopolymer wafers for wound care. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nguyen MC, Le DT, Kamei K, Dang TPT. Wound healing activity of Streptocaulon juventas root ethanolic extract. Wound Repair Regen 2018; 25:956-963. [PMID: 29219215 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptocaulon juventas is a well-known plant that has antimicrobial activity, in vitro antiplasmodial activity, anti-proliferative activity, and antioxidant activity. In this study, we showed experimental evidence that proved that S. juventas root ethanolic extract has wound healing activities. First, in a mouse excision wound model, S. juventas root ethanolic extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day significantly reduced the wound closure time. After 7 days, the wound granulation tissue in mice treated with the extract exhibited a 2.3-fold decrease in inflammatory cells, a 1.7-fold increase in fibroblasts and enhanced angiogenesis. Molecular analysis also revealed that after wounds were treated with S. juventas root ethanolic extract, TNF-α and NF-κB1 gene expression were down-regulated by 4.7 and 3.7 times, respectively. In contrast, TGF-β1 and VEGF gene expression were up-regulated by 1.9 and 6.5 times, respectively. Taken together, our experimental data strongly show that the ethanolic extract from S. juventas root displays remarkable wound healing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Can Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University in, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Agricultural Engineering and Environment, Pham Van Dong University, Quang Ngai, Vietnam
| | - Dinh To Le
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University in, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kaeko Kamei
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thi Phuong Thao Dang
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University in, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Park S, Kim DH, Hwang JH, Kim YC, Kim JH, Lim CS, Kim YS, Yang SH, Lee JP. Elevated bilirubin levels are associated with a better renal prognosis and ameliorate kidney fibrosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172434. [PMID: 28225832 PMCID: PMC5321406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bilirubin has been reported to protect against kidney injury. However, further studies highlighting the beneficial effects of bilirubin on renal fibrosis and chronic renal function decline are necessary. Methods We assessed a prospective cohort with a reference range of total bilirubin levels. The primary outcome was a 30% reduction in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline, and the secondary outcome was a doubling of the serum creatinine levels, halving of the eGFR and the initiation of dialysis. In addition, experiments with tubular epithelial cells and C57BL/6 mice were performed to investigate the protective effects of bilirubin on kidney fibrosis. Results As a result, 1,080 patients were included in the study cohort. The study group with relative hyperbilirubinemia (total bilirubin 0.8–1.2 mg/dL) showed a better prognosis in terms of the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19–0.59, P < 0.001) and the secondary outcome (adjusted HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.71, P = 0.01) than that of the control group. Moreover, the bilirubin-treated mice showed less fibrosis in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model (P < 0.05). In addition, bilirubin treatment decreased fibronectin expression in tubular epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Conclusions Mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels were associated with better renal prognosis, and bilirubin treatment induced a beneficial effect on renal fibrosis. Therefore, bilirubin could be a potential therapeutic target to delay fibrosis-related kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (JPL); (SHY)
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (JPL); (SHY)
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16
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Effects of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression and Cutaneous Wound Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020438. [PMID: 28218659 PMCID: PMC5343972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds may lead to scar formation and impaired functionality. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can induce the anti-inflammatory enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protect against tissue injury. We aim to improve cutaneous wound repair by RIPC treatment via induction of HO-1. RIPC was applied to HO-1-luc transgenic mice and HO-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression in skin and several other organs were determined in real-time. In parallel, RIPC was applied directly or 24h prior to excisional wounding in mice to investigate the early and late protective effects of RIPC on cutaneous wound repair, respectively. HO-1 promoter activity was significantly induced on the dorsal side and locally in the kidneys following RIPC treatment. Next, we investigated the origin of this RIPC-induced HO-1 promoter activity and demonstrated increased mRNA in the ligated muscle, heart and kidneys, but not in the skin. RIPC did not change HO-1 mRNA and protein levels in the wound 7 days after cutaneous injury. Both early and late RIPC did not accelerate wound closure nor affect collagen deposition. RIPC induces HO-1 expression in several organs, but not the skin, and did not improve excisional wound repair, suggesting that the skin is insensitive to RIPC-mediated protection.
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Zahir F, Rabbani G, Khan RH, Rizvi SJ, Jamal MS, Abuzenadah AM. The pharmacological features of bilirubin: the question of the century. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/cmble-2015-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review looks at the toxicity and metabolism of bilirubin in terms of its pharmacological potential. Its role has gained importance as more research has revealed the functional significance and interrelationship between the gasotransmitters nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. The biological actions of bilirubin have mostly been characterized in the high micromolar range where toxic effects occur. However, it could also prove to be an important cytoprotector for brain tissue, which is inherently less equipped for antioxidant defense. Plasma bilirubin levels negatively correlate to a number of disease states. Higher levels of bilirubin that are still within the normal range provide a protective effect to the body. The effects on various disorders could be tested using controlled pharmacological upregulation of the molecule with animal models. At nanomolar concentrations, considerable benefits have been obtained when the molecule was delivered pharmacologically under in vitro or in vivo test conditions, particularly in neurodegenerative disorders and after tissue or organ transplantation. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor or the use of bile pigments in the harvesting of diseased tissue are novel applications, and like every new therapy, should be used with caution. HMOX-1 is tissue specific, and in exceptional states, such as schizophrenia and specific types of renal disorder, the same therapy may have disastrous effects.
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Park TH. Bilirubin: a promising antioxidant for ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Int Wound J 2014; 13:1040. [PMID: 25209618 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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