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Li Y, Xiao J, Li C, Yang M. Memory inflation: Beyond the acute phase of viral infection. Cell Prolif 2024:e13705. [PMID: 38992867 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory inflation is confirmed as the most commonly dysregulation of host immunity with antigen-independent manner in mammals after viral infection. By generating large numbers of effector/memory and terminal differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells with diminished naïve subsets, memory inflation is believed to play critical roles in connecting the viral infection and the onset of multiple diseases. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of memory inflated CD8+ T cells in their distinct phenotypic features that different from exhausted subsets; the intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating the formation of memory inflation; and the key proteins in maintaining the expansion and proliferation of inflationary populations. More importantly, based on the evidences from both clinic and animal models, we summarized the potential mechanisms of memory inflation to trigger autoimmune neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis; the correlations of memory inflation between tumorigenesis and resistance of tumour immunotherapies; as well as the effects of memory inflation to facilitate vascular disease progression. To sum up, better understanding of memory inflation could provide us an opportunity to beyond the acute phase of viral infection, and shed a light on the long-term influences of CD8+ T cell heterogeneity in dampen host immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Laletin V, Bernard PL, Montersino C, Yamanashi Y, Olive D, Castellano R, Guittard G, Nunès JA. DOK1 and DOK2 regulate CD8 T cell signaling and memory formation without affecting tumor cell killing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15053. [PMID: 38956389 PMCID: PMC11220026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting intracellular inhibiting proteins has been revealed to be a promising strategy to improve CD8+ T cell anti-tumor efficacy. Here, we are focusing on intracellular inhibiting proteins specific to TCR signaling: DOK1 and DOK2 expressed in T cells. We hypothesized that depletion of intracellular inhibition checkpoint DOK1 and DOK2 could improve CD8+ T-cell based cancer therapies. To evaluate the role of DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in physiology and effector function of CD8+ T lymphocytes and in cancer progression, we established a transgenic T cell receptor mouse model specific to melanoma antigen hgp100 (pmel-1 TCR Tg) in WT and Dok1/Dok2 DKO (double KO) mice. We showed that both DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in CD8+ T cells after an in vitro pre-stimulation induced a higher percentage of effector memory T cells as well as an up regulation of TCR signaling cascade- induced by CD3 mAbs, including the increased levels of pAKT and pERK, two major phosphoproteins involved in T cell functions. Interestingly, this improved TCR signaling was not observed in naïve CD8+ T cells. Despite this enhanced TCR signaling essentially shown upon stimulation via CD3 mAbs, pre-stimulated Dok1/Dok2 DKO CD8+ T cells did not show any increase in their activation or cytotoxic capacities against melanoma cell line expressing hgp100 in vitro. Altogether we demonstrate here a novel aspect of the negative regulation by DOK1 and DOK2 proteins in CD8+ T cells. Indeed, our results allow us to conclude that DOK1 and DOK2 have an inhibitory role following long term T cell stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Laletin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Montersino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, TrGET Pre-Clinical Assay Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Yuji Yamanashi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, TrGET Pre-Clinical Assay Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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Sprent J, Boyman O. Optimising IL-2 for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e5. [PMID: 38455463 PMCID: PMC10917570 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The key role of T cells in cancer immunotherapy is well established and is highlighted by the remarkable capacity of Ab-mediated checkpoint blockade to overcome T-cell exhaustion and amplify anti-tumor responses. However, total or partial tumor remission following checkpoint blockade is still limited to only a few types of tumors. Hence, concerted attempts are being made to devise new methods for improving tumor immunity. Currently, much attention is being focused on therapy with IL-2. This cytokine is a powerful growth factor for T cells and optimises their effector functions. When used at therapeutic doses for cancer treatment, however, IL-2 is highly toxic. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that modifying the structure or presentation of IL-2 can reduce toxicity and lead to effective anti-tumor responses in synergy with checkpoint blockade. Here, we review the complex interaction of IL-2 with T cells: first during normal homeostasis, then during responses to pathogens, and finally in anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sprent
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney 1466, Australia
- Menzies Institute of Medical Research, Hobart 7000, Australia
| | - Onur Boyman
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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4
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Jin WJ, Jagodinsky JC, Vera JM, Clark PA, Zuleger CL, Erbe AK, Ong IM, Le T, Tetreault K, Berg T, Rakhmilevich AL, Kim K, Newton MA, Albertini MR, Sondel PM, Morris ZS. NK cells propagate T cell immunity following in situ tumor vaccination. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113556. [PMID: 38096050 PMCID: PMC10843551 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report an in situ vaccination, adaptable to nearly any type of cancer, that combines radiotherapy targeting one tumor and intratumoral injection of this site with tumor-specific antibody and interleukin-2 (IL-2; 3xTx). In a phase I clinical trial, administration of 3xTx (with an immunocytokine fusion of tumor-specific antibody and IL-2, hu14.18-IL2) to subjects with metastatic melanoma increases peripheral CD8+ T cell effector polyfunctionality. This suggests the potential for 3xTx to promote antitumor immunity against metastatic tumors. In poorly immunogenic syngeneic murine melanoma or head and neck carcinoma models, 3xTx stimulates CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor responses at targeted and non-targeted tumors. During 3xTx treatment, natural killer (NK) cells promote CTLA4+ regulatory T cell (Treg) apoptosis in non-targeted tumors. This is dependent on NK cell expression of CD86, which is upregulated downstream of KLRK1. NK cell depletion increases Treg infiltration, diminishing CD8+ T cell-dependent antitumor response. These findings demonstrate that NK cells sustain and propagate CD8+ T cell immunity following 3xTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jong Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Jessica M Vera
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Paul A Clark
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Cindy L Zuleger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Amy K Erbe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Irene M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Kaitlin Tetreault
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Tracy Berg
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Alexander L Rakhmilevich
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Michael A Newton
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Mark R Albertini
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA; The Medical Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
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Kang X, Liu C, Ding Y, Ni Y, Ji F, Lau HCH, Jiang L, Sung JJ, Wong SH, Yu J. Roseburia intestinalis generated butyrate boosts anti-PD-1 efficacy in colorectal cancer by activating cytotoxic CD8 + T cells. Gut 2023; 72:2112-2122. [PMID: 37491158 PMCID: PMC10579466 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Roseburia intestinalis is a probiotic species that can suppress intestinal inflammation by producing metabolites. We aimed to study the role of R. intestinalis in colorectal tumourigenesis and immunotherapy. DESIGN R. intestinalis abundance was evaluated in stools of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) (n=444) and healthy controls (n=575). The effects of R. intestinalis were studied in ApcMin/+ or azoxymethane (AOM)-induced CRC mouse models, and in syngeneic mouse xenograft models of CT26 (microsatellite instability (MSI)-low) or MC38 (MSI-high). The change of immune landscape was evaluated by multicolour flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry staining. Metabolites were profiled by metabolomic profiling. RESULTS R. intestinalis was significantly depleted in stools of patients with CRC compared with healthy controls. R. intestinalis administration significantly inhibited tumour formation in ApcMin/+ mice, which was confirmed in mice with AOM-induced CRC. R. intestinalis restored gut barrier function as indicated by improved intestinal permeability and enhanced expression of tight junction proteins. Butyrate was identified as the functional metabolite generated by R. intestinalis. R. intestinalis or butyrate suppressed tumour growth by inducing cytotoxic granzyme B+, interferon (IFN)-γ+ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α+ CD8+ T cells in orthotopic mouse models of MC38 or CT26. R. intestinalis or butyrate also significantly improved antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) efficacy in mice bearing MSI-low CT26 tumours. Mechanistically, butyrate directly bound to toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) receptor on CD8+ T cells to induce its activity through activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. CONCLUSION R. intestinalis protects against colorectal tumourigenesis by producing butyrate, which could also improve anti-PD-1 efficacy by inducing functional CD8+ T cells. R. intestinalis is a potential adjuvant to augment anti-PD-1 efficacy against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Changan Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yanqiang Ding
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yunbi Ni
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fenfen Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Harry Cheuk Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lanping Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Li M, Wang M, Wen Y, Zhang H, Zhao G, Gao Q. Signaling pathways in macrophages: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e349. [PMID: 37706196 PMCID: PMC10495745 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play diverse roles in development, homeostasis, and immunity. Accordingly, the dysfunction of macrophages is involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 and atherosclerosis. The protective or pathogenic effect that macrophages exert in different conditions largely depends on their functional plasticity, which is regulated via signal transduction such as Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, Wnt and Notch pathways, stimulated by environmental cues. Over the past few decades, the molecular mechanisms of signaling pathways in macrophages have been gradually elucidated, providing more alternative therapeutic targets for diseases treatment. Here, we provide an overview of the basic physiology of macrophages and expound the regulatory pathways within them. We also address the crucial role macrophages play in the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, infectious diseases, and cancer, with a focus on advances in macrophage-targeted strategies exploring modulation of components and regulators of signaling pathways. Last, we discuss the challenges and possible solutions of macrophage-targeted therapy in clinical applications. We hope that this comprehensive review will provide directions for further research on therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage signaling pathways, which are promising to improve the efficacy of disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuanjia Wen
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Guang‐Nian Zhao
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Wang PM, Zhang ZW, Zhang S, Xing Q, Zhao ZY, Lin QH, Shen LH, Xia ZL, Li FF, Zhu B. Characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8019-8026. [PMID: 36944820 PMCID: PMC10374683 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used, a series of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported, including immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-pneumonitis). The incidence of ICI-pneumonitis is higher in reality than in clinical trials. The diagnosis is challenging, mainly based on clinical and imaging features, and requires the exclusion of other causes. The data on the biological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis are scarce, resulting in little knowledge of the best treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be helpful to identify the biological differences or find predictive biomarkers, and may in turn help to develop phenotype-specific targeted drugs to treat ICI-pneumonitis. Herein, we outline the characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for ICI-pneumonitis. Through careful sorting and literature review, we find crosstalk between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells (i.e., Th17.1) and pro-inflammatory monocytes, and activation of Th17(/Th1)/IL-17A (/IFN-γ) pathways may play a key role in the pathogenesis of ICI-pneumonitis. Disruption of the interaction between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes (such as, anti-IL-23) may be a potential treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. We first describe the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis, hoping to contribute to the optimization of diagnosis and treatment, as well as provide readers with research inspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Mei Wang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Xing
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhao
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Lin
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li-Hua Shen
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Li Xia
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Cheng M, Jing H, Bu D, Liu J, Lu K, Liu J, Xu Y, Zhu T, Hou Y, Yao J, Zhai Q, Wang W. The predictive value of CD4, CD8, and C-reactive protein in the prognosis of schistosomal and non-schistosomal colorectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:194. [PMID: 37277702 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although schistosomiasis has been basically eliminated, it has not been completely extinction in China and occasional outbreaks occur in Europe in recent years. The relationship between inflammation caused by Schistosoma japonicum and colorectal cancer (CRC) is still obscure, and the inflammation based prognostic systems of schistosomal colorectal (SCRC) has rarely been reported. AIM To explore the different roles of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in SCRC and in Non-schistosomal CRC (NSCRC), providing a possible predictive system to evaluate outcomes and to improve the risk stratification for CRC patients, especially for CRC patients with schistosomiasis. METHODS Three hundred fifty-one CRC tumors were evaluated for density of CD4 + , CD8 + T cells and CRP in intratumoral and stromal compartments by immunohistochemical using tissue microarray. RESULTS There were no association between TILs and CRP and schistosomiasis. Multivariate analysis identified stromal CD4 (sCD4) (p = 0.038), intratumoral CD8 (iCD8) (p = 0.003), schistosomiasis (p = 0.045) as independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in the whole cohort; and sCD4 (p = 0.006) and iCD8 (p = 0.020) were independent prognostic factors for OS in the NSCRC and SCRC set, respectively. Besides, we found that there were no differences of TILs and CRP, which were distributed in different areas of tumor tissue, between CRC patients with and without schistosomiasis. CONCLUSION The results remind us that different subtypes of TILs have distinguished biological behavior and prognosis value in the immune microenvironment of NSCRC and SCRC patients. Meanwhile, the findings require us to stratify patients with schistosomiasis and this might facilitate patient counseling and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Cheng
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Jing
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dacheng Bu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Kui Lu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jican Liu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Yao
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qilin Zhai
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Weixia Wang
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 1158 East Park Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
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9
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Luthuli B, Gounder K, Deymier MJ, Dong KL, Balazs AB, Mann JK, Ndung'u T. Generation and characterization of infectious molecular clones of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype C viruses. Virology 2023; 583:14-26. [PMID: 37084644 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The genetic diversity of HIV impedes vaccine development. Identifying the viral properties of transmitted/founder (T/F) variants may provide a common vaccine target. To study the biological nature of T/F viruses, we constructed full-length clones from women detected during Fiebig stage I acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) from heterosexual male-to-female (MTF) transmission; and clones after one year of infection using In-Fusion-based cloning. Eighteen full-length T/F clones were generated from 9 women and six chronic infection clones were from 2 individuals. All clones but one were non-recombinant subtype C. Three of the 5 T/F clones and 3 chronic clones tested replicated efficiently in PBMCs and utilised CCR5 coreceptor for cell entry. Transmitted/founder and chronic infection clones displayed heterogenous in vitro replicative capacity and resistance to type I interferon. T/F viruses had shorter Env glycoproteins and fewer N-linked glycosylation sites in Env. Our findings suggest MTF transmission may select viruses with compact envelopes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamini Gounder
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Martin J Deymier
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Krista L Dong
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro B Balazs
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jaclyn K Mann
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thumbi Ndung'u
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
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10
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Pyrimidine de novo synthesis inhibition selectively blocks effector but not memory T cell development. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:501-515. [PMID: 36797499 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Blocking pyrimidine de novo synthesis by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is used to treat autoimmunity and prevent expansion of rapidly dividing cell populations including activated T cells. Here we show memory T cell precursors are resistant to pyrimidine starvation. Although the treatment effectively blocked effector T cells, the number, function and transcriptional profile of memory T cells and their precursors were unaffected. This effect occurred in a narrow time window in the early T cell expansion phase when developing effector, but not memory precursor, T cells are vulnerable to pyrimidine starvation. This vulnerability stems from a higher proliferative rate of early effector T cells as well as lower pyrimidine synthesis capacity when compared with memory precursors. This differential sensitivity is a drug-targetable checkpoint that efficiently diminishes effector T cells without affecting the memory compartment. This cell fate checkpoint might therefore lead to new methods to safely manipulate effector T cell responses.
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11
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Shin MS, Park HJ, Young J, Kang I. Implication of IL-7 receptor alpha chain expression by CD8 + T cells and its signature in defining biomarkers in aging. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:66. [PMID: 36544153 PMCID: PMC9768896 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play an important role in host defense against infections and malignancies as well as contribute to the development of inflammatory disorders. Alterations in the frequency of naïve and memory CD8+ T cells are one of the most significant changes in the immune system with age. As the world population rapidly ages, a better understanding of aging immune function or immunosenescence could become a basis for discovering treatments of illnesses that commonly occur in older adults. In particular, biomarkers for immune aging could be utilized to identify individuals at high risk of developing age-associated conditions and help monitor the efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting such conditions. This review details the possible role of CD8+ T cell subsets expressing different levels of the cytokine receptor IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rα) and the gene signature associated with IL-7Rα as potential biomarkers for immune aging given the association of CD8+ T cells in host defense, inflammation, and immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun Shin
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, S525C TAC, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Hong-Jai Park
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, S525C TAC, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Juan Young
- Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Insoo Kang
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, S525C TAC, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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12
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Immune infiltration could predict the efficacy of short-term radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 25:1353-1367. [PMID: 36510039 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the main treatment for cervical cancer. It is usually applied alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. To explore the association between immune microenvironment of cervical cancer and radiotherapy response, we collected 20 paired cervical cancer tumor samples before and after radiotherapy and partial clinical information. With paired-end RNA-seq, we quantified the immune infiltration and tumor purity of these samples, and obtained 6350 differentially expressed genes before and after radiotherapy. With the help of R language, the function enrichment analysis and 22 immune cells infiltration analysis were carried out. Moreover, we built a random forest model based on the immune microenvironment to predict the short-term efficacy of radiotherapy. We found that the effect of radiotherapy on the immune microenvironment of stage III and IV cervical cancer patients was weaker than that of stage I and II cervical cancer patients. Radiotherapy can significantly reduce the tumor purity and increase immune infiltration. The proportions of the immune infiltrating cells are predictive of the radiotherapy efficacy. In addition, the local mucositis caused by radiotherapy can improve the curative effect of radiotherapy.
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13
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Wang WC, Sayedahmed EE, Mittal SK. Significance of Preexisting Vector Immunity and Activation of Innate Responses for Adenoviral Vector-Based Therapy. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122727. [PMID: 36560730 PMCID: PMC9787786 DOI: 10.3390/v14122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An adenoviral (AdV)-based vector system is a promising platform for vaccine development and gene therapy applications. Administration of an AdV vector elicits robust innate immunity, leading to the development of humoral and cellular immune responses against the vector and the transgene antigen, if applicable. The use of high doses (1011-1013 virus particles) of an AdV vector, especially for gene therapy applications, could lead to vector toxicity due to excessive levels of innate immune responses, vector interactions with blood factors, or high levels of vector transduction in the liver and spleen. Additionally, the high prevalence of AdV infections in humans or the first inoculation with the AdV vector result in the development of vector-specific immune responses, popularly known as preexisting vector immunity. It significantly reduces the vector efficiency following the use of an AdV vector that is prone to preexisting vector immunity. Several approaches have been developed to overcome this problem. The utilization of rare human AdV types or nonhuman AdVs is the primary strategy to evade preexisting vector immunity. The use of heterologous viral vectors, capsid modification, and vector encapsulation are alternative methods to evade vector immunity. The vectors can be optimized for clinical applications with comprehensive knowledge of AdV vector immunity, toxicity, and circumvention strategies.
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14
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Gao L, Zhou J, Ye L. Role of CXCR5 + CD8 + T cells in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:998058. [PMID: 36452930 PMCID: PMC9701836 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can be effectively suppressed by life-long administration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). However, the viral rebound can occur upon cART cessation due to the long-term presence of HIV reservoirs, posing a considerable barrier to drug-free viral remission. Memory CD4+ T cell subsets, especially T follicular helper (T FH ) cells that reside in B-cell follicles within lymphoid tissues, are regarded as the predominant cellular compartment of the HIV reservoir. Substantial evidence indicates that HIV-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated cellular immunity can sustain long-term disease-free and transmission-free HIV control in elite controllers. However, most HIV cure strategies that rely on expanded HIV-specific CD8+ T cells for virus control are likely to fail due to cellular exhaustion and T FH reservoir-specialized anatomical structures that isolate HIV-specific CD8+ T cell entry into B-cell follicles. Loss of stem-like memory properties is a key feature of exhaustion. Recent studies have found that CXC chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5)-expressing HIV-specific CD8+ T cells are memory-like CD8+ T cells that can migrate into B-cell follicles to execute inhibition of viral replication. Furthermore, these unique CD8+ T cells can respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. In this review, we discuss the functions of these CD8+ T cells as well as the translation of findings into viable HIV treatment and cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiqiong Gao
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Tappe B, Lauruschkat CD, Strobel L, Pantaleón García J, Kurzai O, Rebhan S, Kraus S, Pfeuffer-Jovic E, Bussemer L, Possler L, Held M, Hünniger K, Kniemeyer O, Schäuble S, Brakhage AA, Panagiotou G, White PL, Einsele H, Löffler J, Wurster S. COVID-19 patients share common, corticosteroid-independent features of impaired host immunity to pathogenic molds. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954985. [PMID: 36052094 PMCID: PMC9427195 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) are susceptible to deadly secondary fungal infections such as COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and COVID-19-associated mucormycosis. Despite this clinical observation, direct experimental evidence for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-driven alterations of antifungal immunity is scarce. Using an ex-vivo whole blood stimulation assay, we challenged blood from twelve COVID-19 patients with Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus arrhizus antigens and studied the expression of activation, maturation, and exhaustion markers, as well as cytokine secretion. Compared to healthy controls, T-helper cells from COVID-19 patients displayed increased expression levels of the exhaustion marker PD-1 and weakened A. fumigatus- and R. arrhizus-induced activation. While baseline secretion of proinflammatory cytokines was massively elevated, whole blood from COVID-19 patients elicited diminished release of T-cellular (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-2) and innate immune cell-derived (e.g., CXCL9, CXCL10) cytokines in response to A. fumigatus and R. arrhizus antigens. Additionally, samples from COVID-19 patients showed deficient granulocyte activation by mold antigens and reduced fungal killing capacity of neutrophils. These features of weakened anti-mold immune responses were largely decoupled from COVID-19 severity, the time elapsed since diagnosis of COVID-19, and recent corticosteroid uptake, suggesting that impaired anti-mold defense is a common denominator of the underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection. Taken together, these results expand our understanding of the immune predisposition to post-viral mold infections and could inform future studies of immunotherapeutic strategies to prevent and treat fungal superinfections in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beeke Tappe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chris D. Lauruschkat
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lea Strobel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jezreel Pantaleón García
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Rebhan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kraus
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elena Pfeuffer-Jovic
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Missionsärztliche Klinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lydia Bussemer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lotte Possler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Held
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Missionsärztliche Klinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hünniger
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Olaf Kniemeyer
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Sascha Schäuble
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A. Brakhage
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans -Knöll- Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - P. Lewis White
- Public Health Wales, Microbiology Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Löffler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jürgen Löffler, ; Sebastian Wurster,
| | - Sebastian Wurster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
- *Correspondence: Jürgen Löffler, ; Sebastian Wurster,
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16
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PHLPP Signaling in Immune Cells. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:117-143. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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LI HY, XU JN, SHUAI ZW. Cellular signaling pathways of T cells in giant cell arteritis. J Geriatr Cardiol 2021; 18:768-778. [PMID: 34659383 PMCID: PMC8501386 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a commonly occurring large vacuities characterized by angiopathy of medium and large-sized vessels. GCA granulomatous formation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of GCA. Analysis of T cell lineages and signaling pathways in GCA have revealed the essential role of T cells in the pathology of GCA. T cells are the dominant population present in GCA lesions. CD4+ T cell subtypes that are present include Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. CD8 T cells can primarily differentiate into cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes and Treg cells. The instrumental part of GCA is the interplay between dendritic cells, macrophages and endothelial cells, which can result in the vascular injury and the characteristics granulomatous infiltrates formation. During the inflammatory loop of GCA, several signaling pathways have been reported to play an essential role in recruiting, activating and differentiating T cells, including T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-Jagged-Notch signaling and the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway (JAK-STAT) pathway. In this review, we have focused on the role of T cells and their potential signaling mechanism (s) that are involved in the pathogenesis of GCA. A better understanding of the role of T cells mediated complicated orchestration during the homeostasis and the changes could possibly favor developments of novel treatment strategies against immunological disorders associated with GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan LI
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Nan XU
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zong-Wen SHUAI
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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18
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Yao Y, Liu W, Li J, Zhou M, Qu C, Wang K. MPI-based bioinformatic analysis and co-inhibitory therapy with mannose for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oncol 2021; 38:103. [PMID: 34313879 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mannose induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits glucose metabolism by accumulating intracellularly as mannose 6-phosphate while the drug sensitivity of tumors is negatively correlated with mannose phosphate isomerase gene (MPI) expression. In this study, we performed a first attempt to explore the relationship between the targeted gene MPI and immune infiltration and genetic and clinical characteristics of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) using computational algorithms and bioinformatic analysis, and further to verify the co-inhibition effects of mannose with genotoxicity, immune responses, and microbes dysbiosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in vitro and in vivo. Our results found that patients with lower MPI expression had higher survival rate. The enhancement of MPI expression was in response to DNA damage gene, and ATM inhibitor was verified as a potential drug with a synergistic effect with mannose on HSC-3. In the HNSC, infiltrated immunocytes CD8+ T cell and B cell were the significantly reduced risk cells, while IL-22 and IFN-γ showed negative correlation with MPI. Finally, mannose could reverse immunophenotyping caused by antibiotics in mice, resulting in the decrease of CD8+ T cells and increase of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In conclusion, the MPI gene showed a significant correlation with immune infiltration and genetic and clinical characteristics of HNSC. The treatment of ATM inhibitor, immune regulating cells of CD8+ T cells and MDSCs, and oral microbiomes in combination with mannose could exhibit co-inhibitory therapeutic effect for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Del Valle A, Acosta-Rivero N, Laborde RJ, Cruz-Leal Y, Cabezas S, Luzardo MC, Alvarez C, Labrada M, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez GL, Raymond J, Nogueira CV, Grubaugh D, Fernández LE, Higgins D, Lanio ME. Sticholysin II shows similar immunostimulatory properties to LLO stimulating dendritic cells and MHC-I restricted T cell responses of heterologous antigen. Toxicon 2021; 200:38-47. [PMID: 34237340 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Induction of CD8+ T cell responses against tumor cells and intracellular pathogens is an important goal of modern vaccinology. One approach of translational interest is the use of liposomes encapsulating pore-forming proteins (PFPs), such as Listeriolysin O (LLO), which has shown efficacy at priming strong and sustained CD8+ T cell responses. Recently, we have demonstrated that Sticholysin II (StII), a PFP from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, co-encapsulated into liposomes with ovalbumin (OVA) was able to stimulate, antigen presenting cells, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and anti-tumor activity in mice. In the present study, we aimed to compare StII and LLO in terms of their abilities to stimulate dendritic cells and to induce major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restricted T cell responses against OVA. Interestingly, StII exhibited similar abilities to LLO in vitro of inducing dendritic cells maturation, as measured by increased expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC-class II molecules, and of stimulating OVA cross-presentation to a CD8+ T cell line. Remarkably, using an ex vivo Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot Assay (ELISPOT) to monitor gamma interferon (INF-γ) producing effector memory CD8+ T cells, liposomal formulations containing either StII or LLO induced comparable frequencies of OVA-specific INF-γ producing CD8+ T cells in mice that were sustained in time. However, StII-containing liposomes stimulated antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells with a higher potential to secrete IFN-γ than liposomes encapsulating LLO. This StII immunostimulatory property further supports its use for the rational design of T cell vaccines against cancers and intracellular pathogens. In summary, this study indicates that StII has immunostimulatory properties similar to LLO, despite being evolutionarily distant PFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Del Valle
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - N Acosta-Rivero
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba.
| | - R J Laborde
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - Y Cruz-Leal
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - S Cabezas
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - M C Luzardo
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - C Alvarez
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba
| | - M Labrada
- Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Playa, La Habana, Cuba
| | - A Rodríguez
- Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Playa, La Habana, Cuba
| | - G L Rodríguez
- Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Playa, La Habana, Cuba
| | - J Raymond
- Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Playa, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - D Grubaugh
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, USA
| | - L E Fernández
- Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Playa, La Habana, Cuba
| | - D Higgins
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, USA
| | - M E Lanio
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University (UH) and Lab UH-CIM, Cuba.
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20
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Pritzl CJ, Daniels MA, Teixeiro E. Interplay of Inflammatory, Antigen and Tissue-Derived Signals in the Development of Resident CD8 Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636240. [PMID: 34234771 PMCID: PMC8255970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 positive, tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are a specialized subset of CD8 memory T cells that surveil tissues and provide critical first-line protection against tumors and pathogen re-infection. Recently, much effort has been dedicated to understanding the function, phenotype and development of TRM. A myriad of signals is involved in the development and maintenance of resident memory T cells in tissue. Much of the initial research focused on the roles tissue-derived signals play in the development of TRM, including TGFß and IL-33 which are critical for the upregulation of CD69 and CD103. However, more recent data suggest further roles for antigenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on the interplay of pro-inflammatory, tissue and antigenic signals in the establishment of resident memory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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21
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Sae-Jung T, Leearamwat N, Chaiseema N, Sengprasert P, Ngarmukos S, Yuktananda P, Tanavalee A, Hirankarn N, Reantragoon R. The infrapatellar fat pad produces interleukin-6-secreting T cells in response to a proteoglycan aggrecan peptide and provides dominant soluble mediators different from that present in synovial fluid. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:834-846. [PMID: 34008313 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of osteoarthritis (OA) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) -stimulating proteoglycan aggrecan peptides on T cells present in infrapatellar fat pads (IPFPs) and synovial tissues, and to correlate these findings with mediators present in synovial fluid of OA patients. METHODS We tested for interleukin-6 (IL-6) -producing T cells in IPFPs of patients with knee OA using ELISPOT. Cytokine and cytotoxic mediator production from OA PBMCs, IPFPs, synovial tissues, and synovial fluids in response to proteoglycan aggrecan peptides were quantified by cytometric bead array. Patterns of cytokine and cytotoxic mediator production were analyzed and compared. RESULTS T cells from IPFPs elicited strong responses towards the p263-280 peptide by secreting IL-6. In addition, there was a trend that the p263-280 peptide stimulated higher production of cytokines/cytotoxic mediators than other proteoglycan aggrecan peptides, although this was not statistically significant. In patients with knee OA, a group of cytotoxic mediators (sFas, perforin, granzyme A, and granulysin) and IL-6 were detectable at high levels from the synovial fluid. In addition, inflammation in patients with knee OA was more pronounced in joint-surrounding tissues than levels in circulating peripheral blood. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that T cells responding to the p263-280 peptide contribute to the secretion of various soluble mediators that are found within the synovial fluid. We also identified potential new candidates that may serve as biomarkers of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiya Sae-Jung
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitigorn Leearamwat
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nichakarn Chaiseema
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panjana Sengprasert
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Srihatach Ngarmukos
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Yuktananda
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aree Tanavalee
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rangsima Reantragoon
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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22
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Suo C, Chen H, Binczyk F, Zhao R, Fan J, Yang X, Yuan Z, Kreil D, Łabaj P, Zhang T, Lu M, Jin L, Polańska J, Chen X, Ye W. Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte signature is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms and predicts survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10369-10386. [PMID: 33819921 PMCID: PMC8064198 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTIL) and certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be predictive of patient survival. In this study, we explored the association between SNPs and sTIL regarding the predictability of disease-free survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Materials and methods: We collected 969 pathologically confirmed ESCC patients from 2010 to 2013 and genotyped 101 SNPs from 59 genes. The number of sTIL for each patient was determined using an automatic algorithm. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the association between genotype and sTIL. The genotypes and clinical factors related to survival were analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier curve, Cox proportional hazards model, and log-rank test. Results: The median age of the patients was 67 (42-85 years), there was a median follow-up of 851.5 days and 586 patients died. The univariable analysis showed that 10 of the 101 SNPs were associated with sTIL. Six SNPs were also associated with disease-free survival. A multivariable analysis revealed that sTIL, rs1801131, rs25487, and rs8030672 were independent prognostic markers for ESCC patients. The model combining SNPs, clinical characteristics and sTIL outperformed the model with clinical characteristics alone for predicting outcomes in ESCC patients. Conclusion: We discovered 10 SNPs associated with sTIL in ESCC and we built a model of sTIL, SNPs and clinical characteristics with improved prediction of survival in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Suo
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Huiyao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Franciszek Binczyk
- Silesian University of Technology, Data Mining Division, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Renjia Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - David Kreil
- IMBT Bioinformatics Research, Boku University Vienn, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paweł Łabaj
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Jin
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joanna Polańska
- Silesian University of Technology, Data Mining Division, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Xingdong Chen
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Functional Heterogeneity and Therapeutic Targeting of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010164. [PMID: 33467606 PMCID: PMC7829818 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells mediate potent local innate and adaptive immune responses and provide long-lasting protective immunity. TRM cells localize to many different tissues, including barrier tissues, and play a crucial role in protection against infectious and malignant disease. The formation and maintenance of TRM cells are influenced by numerous factors, including inflammation, antigen triggering, and tissue-specific cues. Emerging evidence suggests that these signals also contribute to heterogeneity within the TRM cell compartment. Here, we review the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of CD8+ TRM cells at different tissue sites and the molecular determinants defining CD8+ TRM cell subsets. We further discuss the possibilities of targeting the unique cell surface molecules, cytokine and chemokine receptors, transcription factors, and metabolic features of TRM cells for therapeutic purposes. Their crucial role in immune protection and their location at the frontlines of the immune defense make TRM cells attractive therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the possibilities to selectively modulate TRM cell populations may thus improve vaccination and immunotherapeutic strategies employing these potent immune cells.
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24
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Laborde RJ, Ishimura ME, Abreu-Butin L, Nogueira CV, Grubaugh D, Cruz-Leal Y, Luzardo MC, Fernández A, Mesa C, Pazos F, Álvarez C, Alonso ME, Starnbach MN, Higgins DE, Fernández LE, Longo-Maugéri IM, Lanio ME. Sticholysins, pore-forming proteins from a marine anemone can induce maturation of dendritic cells through a TLR4 dependent-pathway. Mol Immunol 2021; 131:144-154. [PMID: 33422341 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sticholysins (Sts) I and II (StI and StII) are pore-forming proteins (PFPs), purified from the Caribbean Sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus. StII encapsulated into liposomes induces a robust antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTL) response and in its free form the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). It is probable that the latter is partially supporting in part the immunomodulatory effect on the CTL response induced by StII-containing liposomes. In the present work, we demonstrate that the StII's ability of inducing maturation of BM-DCs is also shared by StI, an isoform of StII. Using heat-denatured Sts we observed a significant reduction in the up-regulation of maturation markers indicating that both PFP's ability to promote maturation of BM-DCs is dependent on their conformational characteristics. StII-mediated DC maturation was abrogated in BM-DCs from toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-knockout mice but not in cells from TLR2-knockout mice. Furthermore, the antigen-specific CTL response induced by StII-containing liposomes was reduced in TLR4-knockout mice. These results indicate that StII, and probably by extension StI, has the ability to induce maturation of DCs through a TLR4/MyD88-dependent pathway, and that this activation contributes to the CTL response generated by StII-containing liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rady J Laborde
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Mayari E Ishimura
- Discipline of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lianne Abreu-Butin
- Discipline of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Catarina V Nogueira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology of Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel Grubaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology of Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, MA, USA.
| | - Yoelys Cruz-Leal
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - María C Luzardo
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Audry Fernández
- Immunobiology Division, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Circe Mesa
- Immunobiology Division, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Fabiola Pazos
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - Carlos Álvarez
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
| | - María E Alonso
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba
| | - Michael N Starnbach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology of Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, MA, USA.
| | - Darren E Higgins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology of Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, MA, USA.
| | - Luis E Fernández
- Immunobiology Division, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, 11600, Cuba.
| | - Ieda M Longo-Maugéri
- Discipline of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 04023-062, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - María E Lanio
- Laboratory of Toxins and Liposomes, Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana (UH), Lab UH-CIM, Havana, 10400, Cuba.
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25
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van der Gracht ETI, Beyrend G, Abdelaal T, Pardieck IN, Wesselink TH, van Haften FJ, van Duikeren S, Koning F, Arens R. Memory CD8 + T cell heterogeneity is primarily driven by pathogen-specific cues and additionally shaped by the tissue environment. iScience 2020; 24:101954. [PMID: 33458613 PMCID: PMC7797528 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors that govern the complex formation of memory T cells are not completely understood. A better understanding of the development of memory T cell heterogeneity is however required to enhance vaccination and immunotherapy approaches. Here we examined the impact of pathogen- and tissue-specific cues on memory CD8+ T cell heterogeneity using high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry and a tailored bioinformatics pipeline. We identified distinct populations of pathogen-specific CD8+ T cells that uniquely connected to a specific pathogen or associated to multiple types of acute and persistent infections. In addition, the tissue environment shaped the memory CD8+ T cell heterogeneity, albeit to a lesser extent than infection. The programming of memory CD8+ T cell differentiation during acute infection is eventually superseded by persistent infection. Thus, the plethora of distinct memory CD8+ T cell subsets that arise upon infection is dominantly sculpted by the pathogen-specific cues and further shaped by the tissue environment. Heterogeneous subsets of both circulating and tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells exist Memory CD8+ T cell heterogeneity is profoundly sculpted by pathogen-specific cues Memory CD8+ T cell heterogeneity is additionally shaped by the tissue environment Viral persistance supersedes memory CD8+ T cell differentiation after acute infection
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Beyrend
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Tamim Abdelaal
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628XE, the Netherlands.,Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Iris N Pardieck
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas H Wesselink
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Floortje J van Haften
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van Duikeren
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Frits Koning
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
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26
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van der Gracht ET, Schoonderwoerd MJ, van Duikeren S, Yilmaz AN, Behr FM, Colston JM, Lee LN, Yagita H, van Gisbergen KP, Hawinkels LJ, Koning F, Klenerman P, Arens R. Adenoviral vaccines promote protective tissue-resident memory T cell populations against cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:e001133. [PMID: 33293355 PMCID: PMC7725098 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenoviral vectors emerged as important platforms for cancer immunotherapy. Vaccination with adenoviral vectors is promising in this respect, however, their specific mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Here, we assessed the development and maintenance of vaccine-induced tumor-specific CD8+ T cells elicited upon immunization with adenoviral vectors. METHODS Adenoviral vaccine vectors encoding the full-length E7 protein from human papilloma virus (HPV) or the immunodominant epitope from E7 were generated, and mice were immunized intravenously with different quantities (107, 108 or 109 infectious units). The magnitude, kinetics and tumor protection capacity of the induced vaccine-specific T cell responses were evaluated. RESULTS The adenoviral vaccines elicited inflationary E7-specific memory CD8+ T cell responses in a dose-dependent manner. The magnitude of these vaccine-specific CD8+ T cells in the circulation related to the development of E7-specific CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, which were maintained for months in multiple tissues after vaccination. The vaccine-specific CD8+ T cell responses conferred long-term protection against HPV-induced carcinomas in the skin and liver, and this protection required the induction and accumulation of CD8+ TRM cells. Moreover, the formation of CD8+ TRM cells could be enhanced by temporal targeting CD80/CD86 costimulatory interactions via CTLA-4 blockade early after immunization. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data show that adenoviral vector-induced CD8+ T cell inflation promotes protective TRM cell populations, and this can be enhanced by targeting CTLA-4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Ja Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Gasteroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van Duikeren
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ayse N Yilmaz
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Felix M Behr
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia M Colston
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lian N Lee
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Klaas Pjm van Gisbergen
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Jac Hawinkels
- Department of Gasteroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frits Koning
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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27
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Ren HM, Lukacher AE. IL-21 in Homeostasis of Resident Memory and Exhausted CD8 T Cells during Persistent Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186966. [PMID: 32971931 PMCID: PMC7554897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4 T cells guide the development of CD8 T cells into memory by elaborating mitogenic and differentiation factors and by licensing professional antigen-presenting cells. CD4 T cells also act to stave off CD8 T cell dysfunction during repetitive antigen stimulation in persistent infection and cancer by mitigating generation of exhausted T cells (TEX). CD4 T cell help is also required for establishing and maintaining tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM), the nonrecirculating memory T cell subset parked in nonlymphoid tissues to provide frontline defense against reinvading pathogens. Interleukin (IL)-21 is the signature cytokine secreted by follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH) to drive B cell expansion and differentiation in germinal centers to mount high-affinity, isotype class-switched antibodies. In several infection models, IL-21 has been identified as the CD4 T help needed for formation and survival of TRM and TEX. In this review, we will explore the different memory subsets of CD8 T cells in persistent infections, the metabolic profiles associated with each, and evidence documenting the importance of CD4 T cell-derived IL-21 in regulating CD8 TRM and TEX development, homeostasis, and function.
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28
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Suzuki AS, Yagi R, Kimura MY, Iwamura C, Shinoda K, Onodera A, Hirahara K, Tumes DJ, Koyama-Nasu R, Iismaa SE, Graham RM, Motohashi S, Nakayama T. Essential Role for CD30-Transglutaminase 2 Axis in Memory Th1 and Th17 Cell Generation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1536. [PMID: 32793209 PMCID: PMC7385138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory helper T (Th) cells are crucial for secondary immune responses against infectious microorganisms but also drive the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to understand how memory T cells are generated. However, the molecular mechanisms governing memory Th cell generation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified CD30 as a molecule heterogeneously expressed on effector Th1 and Th17 cells, and CD30hi effector Th1 and Th17 cells preferentially generated memory Th1 and Th17 cells. We found that CD30 mediated signal induced Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) expression, and that the TG2 expression in effector Th cells is essential for memory Th cell generation. In fact, Cd30-deficiency resulted in the impaired generation of memory Th1 and Th17 cells, which can be rescued by overexpression of TG2. Furthermore, transglutaminase-2 (Tgm2)-deficient CD4 T cells failed to become memory Th cells. As a result, T cells from Tgm2-deficient mice displayed impaired antigen-specific antibody production and attenuated Th17-mediated allergic responses. Our data indicate that CD30-induced TG2 expression in effector Th cells is essential for the generation of memory Th1 and Th17 cells, and that CD30 can be a marker for precursors of memory Th1 and Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane S Suzuki
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoko Y Kimura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chiaki Iwamura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Shinoda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ryo Koyama-Nasu
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Siiri E Iismaa
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert M Graham
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Cao L, Zhu T, Lang X, Jia S, Yang Y, Zhu C, Wang Y, Feng S, Wang C, Zhang P, Chen J, Jiang H. Inhibiting DNA Methylation Improves Survival in Severe Sepsis by Regulating NF-κB Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1360. [PMID: 32714333 PMCID: PMC7343767 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ dysfunction caused by sepsis is life-threatening and results in high mortality. Therapeutic options for sepsis are limited. Pathogenic factors are considered as components of environmental pressure that modify DNA methylation patterns thereby enhancing disease progression. Here, we found that sepsis patients exhibited higher levels of genomic DNA methylation patterns and hypermethylated genes associated with the NF-kB signaling pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that a DNA methyl transferase inhibitor, Decitabine, may mitigate inflammation and improve survival by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. To test the hypothesis, mice challenged with caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were subcutaneously injected with Decitabine solution (0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/kg) 2 h following operation. Our results indicated that Decitabine reduces DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), attenuates NF-κB activation, downregulates inflammatory cytokine levels, and inhibits the progression of sepsis. Thus, DNA methylation may be indispensable for sepsis and serve as a predicting factor. The use of Decitabine could represent a novel strategy in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Cao
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiabing Lang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sha Jia
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohong Zhu
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi Feng
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuili Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Kidney Disease Center, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou, China.,Kidney Disease Immunology Laboratory, The Third-Grade Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health of China, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Maruyama S, Kawaguchi Y, Akaike H, Shoda K, Saito R, Shimizu H, Furuya S, Hosomura N, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Sudo M, Inoue S, Kono H, Ichikawa D. Postoperative Complications have Minimal Impact on Long-Term Prognosis in Immunodeficient Patients with Esophageal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:3064-3070. [PMID: 32048090 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative complications have been recognized to have an adverse prognostic impact in various types of cancer. However, in a recent study, it has been reported that postoperative complications of total gastrectomy with splenectomy have little impact on the long-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the effect of postoperative complications on outcomes remain to be elucidated. We hypothesized that immunosuppression by postoperative complications may affect long-term outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS In this retrospective study, we assessed in 153 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent curative subtotal esophagectomy at our hospital and examined the correlation between postoperative complications, and multiple clinicopathological factors, and long-term outcomes with the patients stratified by total lymphocyte count (TLC). RESULTS The median preoperative TLC was 1432. A total of 115 patients (75.2%) had a TLC of ≥ 1000/μL (high TLC group), and the remaining 38 patients (24.8%) had a TLC of < 1000/μL (low TLC group). Postoperative complications occurred in 39 of 153 cases (25.5%). There was no significant correlation between postoperative complications and any of the clinicopathological factors in either group. In the high TLC group, patients with postoperative complications had significantly lower overall and disease-free survival rates compared with those without complications (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). In the low TLC group, no survival difference between patients with and without postoperative complications was observed. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative complications may have a minimal impact on long-term outcomes in immunodeficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Maruyama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kawaguchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaike
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Saito
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shinji Furuya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hosomura
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hidetake Amemiya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawaida
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sudo
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shingo Inoue
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
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31
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CD103 hi T reg cells constrain lung fibrosis induced by CD103 lo tissue-resident pathogenic CD4 T cells. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1469-1480. [PMID: 31591568 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) are crucial mediators of adaptive immunity in nonlymphoid tissues. However, the functional heterogeneity and pathogenic roles of CD4+ TRM cells that reside within chronic inflammatory lesions remain unknown. We found that CD69hiCD103lo CD4+ TRM cells produced effector cytokines and promoted the inflammation and fibrotic responses induced by chronic exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus. Simultaneously, immunosuppressive CD69hiCD103hiFoxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells were induced and constrained the ability of pathogenic CD103lo TRM cells to cause fibrosis. Thus, lung tissue-resident CD4+ T cells play crucial roles in the pathology of chronic lung inflammation, and CD103 expression defines pathogenic effector and immunosuppressive tissue-resident cell subpopulations in the inflamed lung.
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32
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Sauter CS, Senechal B, Rivière I, Ni A, Bernal Y, Wang X, Purdon T, Hall M, Singh AN, Szenes VZ, Yoo S, Dogan A, Wang Y, Moskowitz CH, Giralt S, Matasar MJ, Perales MA, Curran KJ, Park J, Sadelain M, Brentjens RJ. CD19 CAR T cells following autologous transplantation in poor-risk relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2019; 134:626-635. [PMID: 31262783 PMCID: PMC6695562 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2018883421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT-ASCT) is the standard of care for relapsed or primary refractory (rel/ref) chemorefractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Only 50% of patients are cured with this approach. We investigated safety and efficacy of CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells administered following HDT-ASCT. Eligibility for this study includes poor-risk rel/ref aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma chemosensitive to salvage therapy with: (1) positron emission tomography-positive disease or (2) bone marrow involvement. Patients underwent standard HDT-ASCT followed by 19-28z CAR T cells on days +2 and +3. Of 15 subjects treated on study, dose-limiting toxicity was observed at both dose levels (5 × 106 and 1 × 107 19-28z CAR T per kilogram). Ten of 15 subjects experienced CAR T-cell-induced neurotoxicity and/or cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which were associated with greater CAR T-cell persistence (P = .05) but not peak CAR T-cell expansion. Serum interferon-γ elevation (P < .001) and possibly interleukin-10 (P = .07) were associated with toxicity. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) is 30% (95% confidence interval, 20% to 70%). Subjects given decreased naive-like (CD45RA+CCR7+) CD4+ and CD8+ CAR T cells experienced superior PFS (P = .02 and .04, respectively). There was no association between CAR T-cell peak expansion, persistence, or cytokine changes and PFS. 19-28z CAR T cells following HDT-ASCT were associated with a high incidence of reversible neurotoxicity and CRS. Following HDT-ASCT, effector CD4+ and CD8+ immunophenotypes may improve disease control. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01840566.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig S Sauter
- Department of Medicine and
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Brigitte Senechal
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility
| | - Isabelle Rivière
- Department of Medicine and
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility
| | - Ai Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | - Xiuyan Wang
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility
| | - Terence Purdon
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Ahmet Dogan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yongzeng Wang
- Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility
| | - Craig H Moskowitz
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Matthew J Matasar
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Miguel-Angel Perales
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Kevin J Curran
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Jae Park
- Department of Medicine and
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
| | - Michel Sadelain
- Department of Medicine and
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Renier J Brentjens
- Department of Medicine and
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; and
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33
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Kim SH, Go SI, Song DH, Park SW, Kim HR, Jang I, Kim JD, Lee JS, Lee GW. Prognostic impact of CD8 and programmed death-ligand 1 expression in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:547-554. [PMID: 30745585 PMCID: PMC6461857 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic impact of the expression of CD8 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has not been established in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Surgical tissue specimens were obtained from 136 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. The expression levels of CD8 and PD-L1 were assessed using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry. Results The CD8-positive group showed significant increases in overall survival (OS) (median, not reached [NR] vs. 28.452 months) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (median, NR vs. 14.916 months) compared with the CD8-negative group. In contrast to CD8, the PD-L1-negative group demonstrated significant increases in OS (median, NR vs. 29.405 months) and RFS (median, 63.573 vs. 17.577 months) compared with the PD-L1-positive group. Two prognostic groups were stratified according to CD8/PD-L1 expression: group 1 (CD8-positive/PD-L1-negative) vs. group 2 (CD8/PD-L1: positive/positive, negative/negative, negative/positive). Group 1 had better OS (median, NR vs. 29.405 months) and RFS (median, NR vs. 17.577 months) than group 2. Multivariate analysis indicated that group 1 constituted an independent favourable prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.329, p = 0.001) and RFS (HR, 0.293; p < 0.001). Conclusions Positive CD8 and negative PD-L1 expression together may be favourable prognostic markers in resectable NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, 51353, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Il Go
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Song
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseok Jang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Duk Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sil Lee
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Won Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Chitosan-based nanoparticles: An overview of biomedical applications and its preparation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Yamada T, Nabe S, Toriyama K, Suzuki J, Inoue K, Imai Y, Shiraishi A, Takenaka K, Yasukawa M, Yamashita M. Histone H3K27 Demethylase Negatively Controls the Memory Formation of Antigen-Stimulated CD8 + T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1088-1098. [PMID: 30626691 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the methylation status of histone H3K27 plays a critical role in CD4+ T cell differentiation and its function, the role of Utx histone H3K27 demethylase in the CD8+ T cell-dependent immune response remains unclear. We therefore generated T cell-specific Utx flox/flox Cd4-Cre Tg (Utx KO) mice to determine the role of Utx in CD8+ T cells. Wild-type (WT) and Utx KO mice were infected with Listeria monocytogenes expressing OVA to analyze the immune response of Ag-specific CD8+ T cells. There was no significant difference in the number of Ag-specific CD8+ T cells upon primary infection between WT and Utx KO mice. However, Utx deficiency resulted in more Ag-specific CD8+ T cells upon secondary infection. Adoptive transfer of Utx KO CD8+ T cells resulted in a larger number of memory cells in the primary response than in WT. We observed a decreased gene expression of effector-associated transcription factors, including Prdm1 encoding Blimp1, in Utx KO CD8+ T cells. We confirmed that the trimethylation level of histone H3K27 in the Prdm1 gene loci in the Utx KO cells was higher than in the WT cells. The treatment of CD8+ T cells with Utx-cofactor α-ketoglutarate hampered the memory formation, whereas Utx inhibitor GSK-J4 enhanced the memory formation in WT CD8+ T cells. These data suggest that Utx negatively controls the memory formation of Ag-stimulated CD8+ T cells by epigenetically regulating the gene expression. Based on these findings, we identified a critical link between Utx and the differentiation of Ag-stimulated CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Medical Technology, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime 791-2101, Japan; .,Department of Infection and Host Defenses, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shogo Nabe
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Koji Toriyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Translational Immunology, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuki Inoue
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Department of Proteo-Inovation, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; and
| | - Yuuki Imai
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Department of Proteo-Inovation, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; and
| | - Atsushi Shiraishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Katsuto Takenaka
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Division of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Yamashita
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; .,Department of Translational Immunology, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Division of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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36
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Kalia V, Sarkar S. Regulation of Effector and Memory CD8 T Cell Differentiation by IL-2-A Balancing Act. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2987. [PMID: 30619342 PMCID: PMC6306427 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) regulates key aspects of CD8 T cell biology–signaling through distinct pathways IL-2 triggers critical metabolic and transcriptional changes that lead to a spectrum of physiological outcomes such as cell survival, proliferation, and effector differentiation. In addition to driving effector differentiation, IL-2 signals are also critical for formation of long-lived CD8 T cell memory. This review discusses a model of rheostatic control of CD8 T cell effector and memory differentiation by IL-2, wherein the timing, duration, dose, and source of IL-2 signals are considered in fine-tuning the balance of key transcriptional regulators of cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Kalia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,M3D Graduate Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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37
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Nabe S, Yamada T, Suzuki J, Toriyama K, Yasuoka T, Kuwahara M, Shiraishi A, Takenaka K, Yasukawa M, Yamashita M. Reinforce the antitumor activity of CD8 + T cells via glutamine restriction. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3737-3750. [PMID: 30302856 PMCID: PMC6272119 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of activated CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment seems to be limited due to their being metabolically unfit. This metabolic unfitness is closely associated with T‐cell exhaustion and impairment of memory formation, which are barriers to successful antitumor adoptive immunotherapy. We therefore assessed the role of glutamine metabolism in the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells using a tumor‐inoculated mouse model. The adoptive transfer of tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells cultured under glutamine‐restricted (dGln) conditions or CD8+ T cells treated with specific inhibitors of glutamine metabolism efficiently eliminated tumors and led to better survival of tumor‐inoculated mice than with cells cultured under control (Ctrl) conditions. The decreased expression of PD‐1 and increased Ki67 positivity among tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells cultured under dGln conditions suggested that the inhibition of glutamine metabolism prevents CD8+ T‐cell exhaustion in vivo. Furthermore, the transferred CD8+ T cells cultured under dGln conditions expanded more efficiently against secondary OVA stimulation than did CD8+ T cells under Ctrl conditions. We found that the expression of a pro‐survival factor and memory T cell‐related transcription factors was significantly higher in CD8+ T cells cultured under dGln conditions than in those cultured under Ctrl conditions. Given these findings, our study uncovered an important role of glutamine metabolism in the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells. The novel adoptive transfer of tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells cultured in glutamine‐restricted conditions may be a promising approach to improve the efficacy of cell‐based adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Nabe
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Infection and Host Defenses, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Devision of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Koji Toriyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yasuoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuwahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Devision of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiraishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Katsuto Takenaka
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Devision of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Yamashita
- Department of Infection and Host Defenses, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Devision of Immune Regulation, Department of Proteo-Innovation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
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38
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Dalle Vedove E, Costabile G, Merkel OM. Mannose and Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptor-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems and Their Application in Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701398. [PMID: 29719138 PMCID: PMC6108418 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to overcome the main disadvantages of conventional cancer therapies, which prove to be inadequate because of their lack of selectivity, the development of targeted delivery systems is one of the main focuses in anticancer research. It is repeatedly shown that decorating the surface of nanocarriers with high-affinity targeting ligands, such as peptides or small molecules, is an effective way to selectively deliver therapeutics by enhancing their specific cellular uptake via the binding between a specific receptor and the nanosystems. Nowadays, the need of finding new potential biological targets with a high endocytic efficiency as well as a low tendency to mutate is urgent and, in this context, mannose and mannose-6-phosphate receptors appear promising to target anticancer drugs to cells where their expression is upregulated. Moreover, they open the path to encouraging applications in immune-based and gene therapies as well as in theragnostic purposes. In this work, the potential of mannose- and mannose-6-phosphate-targeted delivery systems in cancer therapy is discussed, emphasizing their broad application both in direct treatments against cancer cells with conventional chemotherapeutics or by gene therapy and also their encouraging capabilities in immunotherapy and diagnostics purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dalle Vedove
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriella Costabile
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
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Xiao M, Chen X, He R, Ye L. Differentiation and Function of Follicular CD8 T Cells During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1095. [PMID: 29872434 PMCID: PMC5972284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination antiretroviral therapeutic (cART) regime effectively suppresses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and prevents progression to acquired immunodeficiency diseases. However, cART is not a cure, and viral rebound will occur immediately after treatment is interrupted largely due to the long-term presence of an HIV reservoir that is composed of latently infected target cells that maintain a quiescent state or persistently produce infectious viruses. CD4 T cells that reside in B-cell follicles within lymphoid tissues, called follicular helper T cells (TFH), have been identified as a major HIV reservoir. Due to their specialized anatomical structure, HIV-specific CD8 T cells are largely insulated from this TFH reservoir. It is increasingly clear that the elimination of TFH reservoirs is a key step toward a functional cure for HIV infection. Recently, several studies have suggested that a fraction of HIV-specific CD8 T cells can differentiate into a CXCR5-expressing subset, which are able to migrate into B-cell follicles and inhibit viral replication. In this review, we discuss the differentiation and functions of this newly identified CD8 T-cell subset and propose potential strategies for purging TFH HIV reservoirs by utilizing this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Xiao
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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40
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Santos e Sousa P, Ciré S, Conlan T, Jardine L, Tkacz C, Ferrer IR, Lomas C, Ward S, West H, Dertschnig S, Blobner S, Means TK, Henderson S, Kaplan DH, Collin M, Plagnol V, Bennett CL, Chakraverty R. Peripheral tissues reprogram CD8+ T cells for pathogenicity during graft-versus-host disease. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97011. [PMID: 29515032 PMCID: PMC5922296 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a life-threatening complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation induced by the influx of donor-derived effector T cells (TE) into peripheral tissues. Current treatment strategies rely on targeting systemic T cells; however, the precise location and nature of instructions that program TE to become pathogenic and trigger injury are unknown. We therefore used weighted gene coexpression network analysis to construct an unbiased spatial map of TE differentiation during the evolution of GVHD and identified wide variation in effector programs in mice and humans according to location. Idiosyncrasy of effector programming in affected organs did not result from variation in T cell receptor repertoire or the selection of optimally activated TE. Instead, TE were reprogrammed by tissue-autonomous mechanisms in target organs for site-specific proinflammatory functions that were highly divergent from those primed in lymph nodes. In the skin, we combined the correlation-based network with a module-based differential expression analysis and showed that Langerhans cells provided in situ instructions for a Notch-dependent T cell gene cluster critical for triggering local injury. Thus, the principal determinant of TE pathogenicity in GVHD is the final destination, highlighting the need for target organ-specific approaches to block immunopathology while avoiding global immune suppression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Reprogramming/genetics
- Cellular Reprogramming/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
- Graft vs Host Disease/pathology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects
- Humans
- Langerhans Cells/immunology
- Langerhans Cells/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Male
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/genetics
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Multigene Family/genetics
- Multigene Family/immunology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Skin/cytology
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Transplantation Chimera
- Transplantation, Homologous/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Santos e Sousa
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Séverine Ciré
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Thomas Conlan
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Laura Jardine
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ivana R. Ferrer
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Cara Lomas
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Sophie Ward
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Heather West
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Simone Dertschnig
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Sven Blobner
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Terry K. Means
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel H. Kaplan
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Collin
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Clare L. Bennett
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Ronjon Chakraverty
- Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute and Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, London, United Kingdom (UK)
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41
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Panagioti E, Klenerman P, Lee LN, van der Burg SH, Arens R. Features of Effective T Cell-Inducing Vaccines against Chronic Viral Infections. Front Immunol 2018; 9:276. [PMID: 29503649 PMCID: PMC5820320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, the focus of prophylactic vaccines was to elicit neutralizing antibodies, but it has become increasingly evident that T cell-mediated immunity plays a central role in controlling persistent viral infections such as with human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis C virus. Currently, various promising prophylactic vaccines, capable of inducing substantial vaccine-specific T cell responses, are investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. There is compelling evidence that protection by T cells is related to the magnitude and breadth of the T cell response, the type and homing properties of the memory T cell subsets, and their cytokine polyfunctionality and metabolic fitness. In this review, we evaluated these key factors that determine the qualitative and quantitative properties of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the context of chronic viral disease and prophylactic vaccine development. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying T cell-mediated protection against chronic viral pathogens will facilitate the development of more potent, durable and safe prophylactic T cell-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Panagioti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lian N. Lee
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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42
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Acetylation of the Cd8 Locus by KAT6A Determines Memory T Cell Diversity. Cell Rep 2018; 16:3311-3321. [PMID: 27653692 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How functionally diverse populations of pathogen-specific killer T cells are generated during an immune response remains unclear. Here, we propose that fine-tuning of CD8αβ co-receptor levels via histone acetylation plays a role in lineage fate. We show that lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) is responsible for maintaining permissive Cd8 gene transcription and enabling robust effector responses during infection. KAT6A-deficient CD8(+) T cells downregulated surface CD8 co-receptor expression during clonal expansion, a finding linked to reduced Cd8α transcripts and histone-H3 lysine 9 acetylation of the Cd8 locus. Loss of CD8 expression in KAT6A-deficient T cells correlated with reduced TCR signaling intensity and accelerated contraction of the effector-like memory compartment, whereas the long-lived memory compartment appeared unaffected, a result phenocopied by the removal of the Cd8 E8I enhancer element. These findings suggest a direct role of CD8αβ co-receptor expression and histone acetylation in shaping functional diversity within the cytotoxic T cell pool.
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43
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Sanborn RE, Ross HJ, Aung S, Acheson A, Moudgil T, Puri S, Hilton T, Fisher B, Coffey T, Paustian C, Neuberger M, Walker E, Hu HM, Urba WJ, Fox BA. A pilot study of an autologous tumor-derived autophagosome vaccine with docetaxel in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2017; 5:103. [PMID: 29258618 PMCID: PMC5735525 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-derived autophagosome vaccines (DRibbles) have the potential to broaden immune response to poorly immunogenic tumors. METHODS Autologous vaccine generated from tumor cells harvested from pleural effusions was administered to patients with advanced NSCLC with the objectives of assessing safety and immune response. Four patients were vaccinated and evaluable for immune response; each received two to four doses of vaccine. Study therapy included two cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on days 1 and 29 to treat the tumor, release hidden antigens and produce lymphopenia. DRibbles were to be administered intradermally on days 14, 43, 57, 71, and 85, together with GM-CSF (50 μg/d x 6d, administered via SQ mini pump). Peripheral blood was tested for immune parameters at baseline and at each vaccination. RESULTS Three of four patients had tumor cells available for testing. Autologous tumor-specific immune response was seen in two of the three, manifested by IL-5 (1 patient after 3 doses), and IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-10 (after 4 doses in one patient). All 4 patients had evidence of specific antibody responses against potential tumor antigens. All patients came off study after 4 or fewer vaccine treatments due to progression of disease. No significant immune toxicities were seen during the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS DRibble vaccine given with GM-CSF appeared safe and capable of inducing an immune response against tumor cells in this small, pilot study. There was no evidence of efficacy in this small poor-prognosis patient population, with treatment not feasible. Trial registration NCT00850785, initial registration date February 23, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Sanborn
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, N.E. Glisan Street, 2N35, Portland, OR 97213 USA
| | | | - Sandra Aung
- UbiVac, Portland, OR USA
- Present address: Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, USA
| | - Anupama Acheson
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Tarsem Moudgil
- Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Sachin Puri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | | | - Brenda Fisher
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Todd Coffey
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Christopher Paustian
- Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Michael Neuberger
- Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
- Present address: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Edwin Walker
- Immunological Monitoring Laboratory, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Hong-Ming Hu
- UbiVac, Portland, OR USA
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Walter J. Urba
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Bernard A. Fox
- UbiVac, Portland, OR USA
- Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology; and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA
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Ahrends T, Spanjaard A, Pilzecker B, Bąbała N, Bovens A, Xiao Y, Jacobs H, Borst J. CD4 + T Cell Help Confers a Cytotoxic T Cell Effector Program Including Coinhibitory Receptor Downregulation and Increased Tissue Invasiveness. Immunity 2017; 47:848-861.e5. [PMID: 29126798 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells optimize the cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response in magnitude and quality, by unknown molecular mechanisms. We here present the transcriptomic changes in CTLs resulting from CD4+ T cell help after anti-cancer vaccination or virus infection. The gene expression signatures revealed that CD4+ T cell help during priming optimized CTLs in expression of cytotoxic effector molecules and many other functions that ensured efficacy of CTLs throughout their life cycle. Key features included downregulation of PD-1 and other coinhibitory receptors that impede CTL activity, and increased motility and migration capacities. "Helped" CTLs acquired chemokine receptors that helped them reach their tumor target tissue and metalloprotease activity that enabled them to invade into tumor tissue. A very large part of the "help" program was instilled in CD8+ T cells via CD27 costimulation. The help program thus enhances specific CTL effector functions in response to vaccination or a virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Ahrends
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Spanjaard
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Pilzecker
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolina Bąbała
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid Bovens
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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45
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Population mechanics: A mathematical framework to study T cell homeostasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9511. [PMID: 28842645 PMCID: PMC5573381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other cell types, T cells do not form spatially arranged tissues, but move independently throughout the body. Accordingly, the number of T cells in the organism does not depend on physical constraints imposed by the shape or size of specific organs. Instead, it is determined by competition for interleukins. From the perspective of classical population dynamics, competition for resources seems to be at odds with the observed high clone diversity, leading to the so-called diversity paradox. In this work we make use of population mechanics, a non-standard theoretical approach to T cell homeostasis that accounts for clone diversity as arising from competition for interleukins. The proposed models show that carrying capacities of T cell populations naturally emerge from the balance between interleukins production and consumption. These models also suggest remarkable functional differences in the maintenance of diversity in naïve and memory pools. In particular, the distribution of memory clones would be biased towards clones activated more recently, or responding to more aggressive pathogenic threats. In contrast, permanence of naïve T cell clones would be determined by their affinity for cognate antigens. From this viewpoint, positive and negative selection can be understood as mechanisms to maximize naïve T cell diversity.
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46
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Li Y, Lu Z, Che Y, Wang J, Sun S, Huang J, Mao S, Lei Y, Chen Z, He J. Immune signature profiling identified predictive and prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1356147. [PMID: 29147607 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1356147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding interactions between tumor and the host immune system holds great promise to uncover biomarkers for targeted therapies and clinical outcomes. However, systematical analysis of immune signatures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains largely unstudied. In this study, immune signatures containing 708 immune related genes were curated from mRNA microarray data with tumor and paired normal tissues from 119 ESCC patients. Differential expression and survival analysis were performed with validations from Human Protein Atlas and an independent cohort of 110 ESCC patients by immunohistochemistry staining. We identified a total of 186 significantly dysregulated genes in ESCC, including downregulated genes SPINK5, IL1RN and upregulated genes SPP1 and PLAU, which were further confirmed in Human Protein Atlas data. Moreover, nine immune related genes (ABL1, ATF2, ATG5, C6, CD38, HMGB1, ICOSLG, IL12RB2 and PLAU) were significantly associated with patients' overall survival, among which, prognostic model was built including three independent factors ABL1, CD38 and ICOSLG. Validation by immunohistochemistry staining suggested that combination with tumor infiltrated CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes would yield higher performance in distinguishing cases as high or low risk of unfavorable prognosis. In summary, we profiled the immune status in ESCC and established predictive and prognostic factors for ESCC, which could reflect immune disorders within tumor microenvironments and independently distinguish patients with a high risk of reduced survival, providing novel predictive and therapeutic targets for ESCC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shouguo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoli Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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47
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Wnt Signaling as Master Regulator of T-Lymphocyte Responses: Implications for Transplant Therapy. Transplantation 2017; 100:2584-2592. [PMID: 27861287 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
T cell-mediated immune responses to the grafted tissues are the major reason for failed organ transplantation. The regulation of T cell responses is complex and involves major histocompatibility complex molecules on transplanted organs, cytokines, regulatory cells, and antigen-presenting cells. The evolutionary conserved Wnt signal transduction pathway has long been known for its importance in development of stem cells and immature T cells in the thymus. Recent evidence indicates the Wnt pathway as a master regulator of T cell immune responses via governing the balance between T helper 17/regulatory T cells and by regulating the formation of effector and memory cytotoxic CD8 T cell responses. In doing so, Wnt signals influence the outcome of immune responses in transplantation settings.
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48
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Zupančič E, Curato C, Paisana M, Rodrigues C, Porat Z, Viana AS, Afonso CAM, Pinto J, Gaspar R, Moreira JN, Satchi-Fainaro R, Jung S, Florindo HF. Rational design of nanoparticles towards targeting antigen-presenting cells and improved T cell priming. J Control Release 2017; 258:182-195. [PMID: 28511928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is a promising strategy to trigger and boost immune responses against cancer or infectious disease. We have designed, synthesized and characterized aliphatic-polyester (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NP) to investigate how the nature of protein association (adsorbed versus entrapped) and polymer/surfactant concentrations impact on the generation and modulation of antigen-specific immune responses. The ability of the NP formulations to target dendritic cells (DC), be internalized and activate the T cells was characterized and optimized in vitro and in vivo using markers of DC activation and co-stimulatory molecules. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as a model antigen in combination with the engraftment of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, carrying a transgenic OVA-responding T cell receptor (TCR), to trace and characterize the activation of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ lymph node T cells upon NP vaccination. Accordingly, the phenotype and frequency of immune cell stimulation induced by the NP loaded with OVA, isolated or in combination with synthetic unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) motifs, were characterized. DC-NP interactions increased with incubation time, presenting internalization values between 50 and 60% and 30-40%, in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Interestingly, animal immunization with antigen-adsorbed NP up-regulated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (MHCII), while NP entrapping the antigen up-regulated MHCI, suggesting a more efficient cross-presentation. On the other hand, rather surprisingly, the surfactant used in the NP formulation had a major impact on the activation of antigen presenting cells (APC). In fact, DC collected from lymph nodes of animals immunized with NP prepared using poly(vinil alcohol) (PVA), as a surfactant, expressed significantly higher levels of CD86, MHCI and MHCII. In addition, those NP prepared with PVA and co-entrapping OVA and the toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand CpG, induced the most profound antigen-specific T cell response, by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in vivo. Overall, our data reveal the impact of NP composition and surface properties on the type and extension of induced immune responses. Deeper understanding on the NP-immune cell crosstalk can guide the rational development of nano-immunotherapeutic systems with improved and specific therapeutic efficacy and avoiding off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zupančič
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Caterina Curato
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maria Paisana
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ziv Porat
- Department of Biological Services, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ana S Viana
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Center, Sciences Faculty, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos A M Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rogério Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João N Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of Coimbra, Portugal; FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Helena F Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal..
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49
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Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes correlate with improved survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44823. [PMID: 28322245 PMCID: PMC5359661 DOI: 10.1038/srep44823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We undertook a study of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in a large and relatively homogeneous group of patients with completely resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections of 235 ESCC tumours were evaluated for density of TILs in intratumoural (iTIL) and stromal compartments (sTIL). Foxp3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in tumoural and stromal areas were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Of the 235 tumours, high sTIL (>10%), and iTIL (>10%) were observed in 101 (43.0%) and 98 (41.7%), respectively. The median follow-up period was 36.0 months (95% CI 29.929–42.071). Univariate analysis revealed that sTIL (>10%), iTIL (>20%), vessels involvement, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage were significantly associated with postoperative outcome. In multivariate analysis, high sTIL (HR: 0.664, P = 0.019 for Disease free survival; HR: 0.608, P = 0.005 for Overall survival) was identified as independent better prognostic factor. Further analysis, sTIL was identified as independently prognostic factor in Stage III-IVa disease, which was not found in Stage I-II disease. Our study demonstrated that sTIL was associated with better ESCC patients’ survival, especially in Stage III-IVa disease. Assessment of sTIL could be useful to discriminate biological behavior for ESCC patients.
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Kouidhi S, Elgaaied AB, Chouaib S. Impact of Metabolism on T-Cell Differentiation and Function and Cross Talk with Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2017; 8:270. [PMID: 28348562 PMCID: PMC5346542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system and metabolism are highly integrated and multilevel interactions between metabolic system and T lymphocyte signaling and fate exist. Accumulating evidence indicates that the regulation of nutrient uptake and utilization in T cells is critically important for the control of their differentiation and manipulating metabolic pathways in these cells can shape their function and survival. This review will discuss some potential cell metabolism pathways involved in shaping T lymphocyte function and differentiation. It will also describe show subsets of T cells have specific metabolic requirements and signaling pathways that contribute to their respective function. Examples showing the apparent similarity between cancer cell metabolism and T cells during activation are illustrated and finally some mechanisms being used by tumor microenvironment to orchestrate T-cell metabolic dysregulation and the subsequent emergence of immune suppression are discussed. We believe that targeting T-cell metabolism may provide an additional opportunity to manipulate T-cell function in the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Kouidhi
- ISBST, Laboratory BVBGR, LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Benammar Elgaaied
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1186, Laboratory «Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology», Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2015, Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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