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Zou C, Zhang W, Li M, He D, Han Y, Liu M, Lu M. Association between CCL5, CCL11, and CCL17 polymorphisms and atopic dermatitis risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36897. [PMID: 38394497 PMCID: PMC11309614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and recurrent inflammatory disease with strong genetic susceptibility. The abnormal production of chemokines plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AD. METHODS A comprehensive online literature search was performed in databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2000 to October 2022. The odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was employed to calculate this relationship. RESULTS A total of 7 studies were finally screened out, including 1316 AD patients and 1099 controls. There were 3 studies for CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) polymorphisms, 2 for CCL11 polymorphisms, and 2 for CCL17 polymorphisms, respectively. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the CCL5 - 403G/A polymorphism and AD under the allelic model (A vs G: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.02-1.52, P = .03), heterozygous model (AG vs GG: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.08-1.80, P = .01) and dominant model (AA + AG vs GG: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.08-1.76, P = .01) in a fixed-effect model. The allelic model (G vs C: OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.07-1.98, P < .01) and dominant model (GG + GC vs CC: OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.23-2.47, P < .001) of the CCL5 - 28C/G polymorphism were also associated with an increased risk of AD. However, this significant association was not found in other alleles and genotypes (P > .05). CONCLUSION Our results show that the A allele, AG and AA + AG genotypes of the CCL5 - 403G/A polymorphism, the G allele and GG + GC genotype of the CCL5 - 28C/G polymorphism are risk factors for AD. Future studies with large population are still needed to further explore those correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Zou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujie Han
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao Lu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Pontikas A, Antonatos C, Evangelou E, Vasilopoulos Y. Candidate Gene Association Studies in Atopic Dermatitis in Participants of European and Asian Ancestry: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1456. [PMID: 37510360 PMCID: PMC10379179 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been extensively investigated for genetic associations utilizing both candidate gene approaches and genome-wide scans. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the available literature to determine the association of candidate genes in AD to gain additional insight into the etiopathogenesis of the disease. We systematically screened all studies that explored the association between polymorphisms and AD risks in cases of European and Asian ancestry and synthesized the available evidence through a random-effects meta-analysis. We identified 99 studies that met our inclusion/exclusion criteria that examined 17 candidate loci in Europeans and 14 candidate genes in Asians. We confirmed the significant associations between FLG variants in both European and Asian populations and AD risk, while synthesis of the available data revealed novel loci mapped to IL18 and TGFB1 genes in Europeans and IL12RB1 and MIF in Asians that have not yet been identified by genome-wide association studies. Our findings provide comprehensive evidence for AD risk loci in cases of both European and Asian ancestries, validating previous associations as well as revealing novel loci that could imply previously unexplored biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Pontikas
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Charalabos Antonatos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Yiannis Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Role of Cytokines in EGPA and the Possibility of Treatment with an Anti-IL-5 Antibody. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123890. [PMID: 33265990 PMCID: PMC7760889 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a type of systemic vasculitis with eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, which is preceded by bronchial asthma or allergic disease. EGPA is pathologically characterized by microangiopathy granulomatosis vasculitis. Vasculitis can be exacerbated and cause central nervous system and cardiovascular disorders and gastrointestinal perforation. Histological examination reveals eosinophil infiltration and granulomas in lesions in areas such as the lung, nervous system, and skin. Laboratory tests show inflammatory findings such as C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation, increased eosinophils, elevated serum IgE, and elevated myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA). MPO-ANCA is positive in approximately 40-70% of cases of this disease. EGPA is a necrotizing vasculitis that affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels; however, it differs from other types of ANCA-related vasculitis (such as microscopic polyangiitis and granulomatosis) because it is preceded by bronchial asthma and eosinophilia in the blood and tissues. Treatment with immunosuppressive agents such as steroids or cyclophosphamide depends on the Five Factor Score, which predicts the prognosis and severity of the condition. If the effect of appropriate treatment with steroids is insufficient, the anti-interleukin-5 antibody mepolizumab can be administered. The combination of mepolizumab with standard treatment leads to a significantly longer duration of remission, a higher proportion of patients who achieve sustained remission, and less steroid use than with a placebo.
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Omori N, Watanabe M, Inoue N, Taniguchi J, Hidaka Y, Iwatani Y. Association of the polymorphisms in Th2 chemotaxis-related genes with the development and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Endocr J 2018; 65:815-826. [PMID: 29848886 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is difficult to predict. Th2 cells suppress the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, which are associated with the prognosis of AITD. However, there are few reports as to whether Th2 chemotaxis-related genes, such as CRTH2 (chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells), IL-25, TARC/CCL17 (Thymus and activation regulated chemokine/chemokine ligand 17) or STAT6 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6), affect the pathology of and/or susceptibility to AITD. Therefore, in this study, we genotyped functional SNPs in these genes to clarify the association of the genetic differences of genes related to Th2 differentiation and chemotaxis with the development and the prognosis of AITDs. The frequencies of the AA genotype of the CRTH2 rs545659 SNP and the CC genotype and the C allele of the CRTH2 rs634681 SNP were higher in patients with severe HD than in patients with mild HD. The frequency of the CC genotype in the TARC rs223828 SNP was higher in patients with intractable GD than in patients with GD in remission. In conclusion, the CRTH2 rs545659 and rs634681 SNPs were associated with the severity of HD, and the TARC/CCL17 rs223828 SNP was associated with the intractability of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Omori
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikio Watanabe
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoya Inoue
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junpei Taniguchi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoh Hidaka
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Iwatani
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Ye Y, Yang X, Long B, Pang H, Zhu Y, Zhang S. Association Between a CCL17 Genetic Variant and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Han Population. Circ J 2018; 82:224-231. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Xinglin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Haiyu Pang
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
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Stone MJ, Hayward JA, Huang C, E Huma Z, Sanchez J. Mechanisms of Regulation of the Chemokine-Receptor Network. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E342. [PMID: 28178200 PMCID: PMC5343877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of chemokines with their G protein-coupled receptors promote the migration of leukocytes during normal immune function and as a key aspect of the inflammatory response to tissue injury or infection. This review summarizes the major cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which the interactions of chemokines with chemokine receptors are regulated, including: selective and competitive binding interactions; genetic polymorphisms; mRNA splice variation; variation of expression, degradation and localization; down-regulation by atypical (decoy) receptors; interactions with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans; post-translational modifications; oligomerization; alternative signaling responses; and binding to natural or pharmacological inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Stone
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Jenni A Hayward
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Zil E Huma
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Julie Sanchez
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Hashimoto S, Nakamura K, Oyama N, Kaneko F, Fujita T, Tsunemi Y, Saeki H, Tamaki K. Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Atopic Dermatitis in Japanese Patients. J Dermatol 2014; 32:1038-40. [PMID: 16471473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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TARC/CCL17 gene polymorphisms and expression associated with susceptibility and coronary artery aneurysm formation in Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Res 2013; 74:545-51. [PMID: 23942559 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/chemokine ligand 17 (TARC/CCL17) is one of the Th2 chemokines and has been suggested as a candidate gene for conferring susceptibility to Th2 associated with allergy diseases. This study examined the correlation between gene polymorphisms and plasma levels of TARC/CCL17 in patients with KD and the outcomes of KD. METHODS A total of 381 KD patients and 564 controls were subjected to determination of five tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms of TARC/CCL17. In addition, plasma TARC/CCL17 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Polymorphisms of TARC/CCL17 were significantly different between normal children and patients with KD. A allele of rs4784805 has better intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment response to KD. Furthermore, plasma TARC/CCL17 levels were higher in KD patients than that in controls before IVIG treatment. After IVIG treatment, plasma TARC/CCL17 levels decreased significantly. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence supporting the association between TARC/CCL17 polymorphisms, susceptibility of KD, and IVIG responses in KD patients.
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Ghesquières H, Maurer MJ, Casasnovas O, Ansell SM, Larrabee BR, Lech-Maranda E, Novak AJ, Borrel AL, Slager SL, Brice P, Allmer C, Brion A, Ziesmer SC, Morschhauser F, Habermann TM, Gaillard I, Link BK, Stamatoullas A, Fermé C, Dogan A, Macon WR, Audouin J, Cerhan JR, Salles G. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and progression-free survival in classical Hodgkin lymphoma by EBV status: results from two independent cohorts. Cytokine 2013; 64:523-31. [PMID: 24008079 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines are important immune mediators of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) pathogenesis, and circulating levels at diagnosis may help predict prognosis. Germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune genes have been correlated with cytokine production and function. METHODS We investigated whether selected germline SNPs in IL10 (rs1800890, rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872), TNFA (rs1800629), IL6 (rs1800795), ILRN (rs419598), INFG (rs2430561) and CCL17 (rs223828) were associated with circulating levels of related cytokines at diagnosis and progression-free survival (PFS) in CHL. Patients were from France (GELA, N=464; median age=32years) and the United States (Iowa/Mayo Specialized Program Of Research Excellence [SPORE], N=239; median age=38years); 22% of 346 CHL cases with EBV tumor status were positive. RESULTS There was no association with any of the SNPs with cytokine levels. Overall, there was no association of any of the SNPs with PFS. In exploratory analyses by EBV status, TNFA rs1800629 (HRAA/AG=2.41; 95%CI, 1.17-4.94) was associated with PFS in EBV-negative GELA patients, with similar trends in the SPORE patients (HRAA/AG=1.63; 95%CI, 0.61-4.40). In a meta-analysis of the two studies, TNFA (HRAA/AG=2.11; 95%CI, 1.18-3.77; P=0.01) was statistically significant, and further adjustment for the international prognostic system did not alter this result. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that germline variation in TNFA was associated with CHL prognosis for EBV-negative patients, which will require confirmation. These results support broader studies on the differential impact of genetic variation in immune genes on EBV-positive vs. EBV-negative CHL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Ghesquières
- Onco-Hematology, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR CNRS 5239, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Abou El-Ela M, El-Rifae AEA, Fawzi M, Abdel Hay R, Gohary Y, Shaker O. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in different stages of mycosis fungoides: tissue and serum levels. Australas J Dermatol 2010; 52:167-71. [PMID: 21834810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2010.00688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17) is a member of the CC chemokines known to attract T-helper 2 type memory T cells and to participate in different T-helper 2 diseases. The aim of this study is to determine both serum and tissue levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in patients with different stages of mycosis fungoides. METHODS Thirty-two patients with different stages of mycosis fungoides and 10 controls were included in the study. Skin biopsies and blood samples were taken to evaluate both tissue and serum levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS The mean tissue level of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in 10 tumour-stage patients was significantly higher (P = 0.002) than in the controls. The mean serum level of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in all stages of mycosis fungoides patients was not significantly elevated (P = 0.131, 0.725 and 0.622) compared with controls. Both tissue and serum levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine correlated significantly with both the disease extent and duration in the three different stages of mycosis fungoides. CONCLUSION Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine may be a marker for disease activity of mycosis fungoides, and may have a role in monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Abou El-Ela
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Barnes KC. An update on the genetics of atopic dermatitis: scratching the surface in 2009. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125:16-29.e1-11; quiz 30-1. [PMID: 20109730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A genetic basis for atopic dermatitis (AD) has long been recognized. Historic documents allude to family history of disease as a risk factor. Before characterization of the human genome, heritability studies combined with family-based linkage studies supported the definition of AD as a complex trait in that interactions between genes and environmental factors and the interplay between multiple genes contribute to disease manifestation. A summary of more than 100 published reports on genetic association studies through mid-2009 implicates 81 genes, in 46 of which at least 1 positive association with AD has been demonstrated. Of these, the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) has been most consistently replicated. Most candidate gene studies to date have focused on adaptive and innate immune response genes, but there is increasing interest in skin barrier dysfunction genes. This review examines the methods that have been used to identify susceptibility genes for AD and how the underlying pathology of this disease has been used to select candidate genes. Current challenges and the potential effect of new technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Barnes
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 3A.62, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Chan IHS, Tang NLS, Leung TF, Huang W, Lam YYO, Li CY, Wong CK, Wong GWK, Lam CWK. Study of gene-gene interactions for endophenotypic quantitative traits in Chinese asthmatic children. Allergy 2008; 63:1031-9. [PMID: 18691306 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01639.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex disease resulting from interactions between multiple genes and environmental factors. Study of gene-gene interactions could provide insight into the pathophysiology of asthma. METHODS We investigated the interactions among 18 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in eight candidate genes for plasma total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration and peripheral blood (PB) eosinophil count in 298 Chinese asthmatic children and 175 controls. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction and generalized linear model were used to analyze gene-gene interactions for the quantitative traits. RESULTS A significant interaction was found between R130Q in IL13 and I50V in IL4RA for plasma total IgE concentration, with a cross-validation (CV) consistency of nine of 10 and a prediction error of 41.1% (P = 0.013). Plasma total IgE concentration was significantly higher in the high-risk than the low-risk groups (P < 0.0001). For PB eosinophil count, significant interaction was found between C-431T in TARC and RsaI_in2 in FCERIB, with a CV consistency of nine of 10 and a prediction error of 40.2% (P = 0.009). PB eosinophil count was significantly higher in the high-risk group than the low-risk groups (P < 0.0001). Generalized linear model also revealed significant gene-gene interaction for the above two endophenotypes with P = 0.013 for plasma total IgE concentration and P = 0.029 for PB eosinophil count respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest significant interactions between IL13 and IL4RA for plasma total IgE concentration, and this is the first report to show significant interaction between TARC and FCERIB for PB eosinophil count in Chinese asthmatic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H S Chan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Niens M, Visser L, Nolte IM, van der Steege G, Diepstra A, Cordano P, Jarrett RF, Te Meerman GJ, Poppema S, van den Berg A. Serum chemokine levels in Hodgkin lymphoma patients: highly increased levels of CCL17 and CCL22. Br J Haematol 2008; 140:527-36. [PMID: 18275430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is characterized by a minority of neoplastic Hodgkin-Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a non-neoplastic reactive infiltrate. As immunological mechanisms appear to be crucial in classical HL pathogenesis, altered serum chemokine levels might be related to disease activity. Serum levels of nine chemokines were examined in 163 untreated HL patients and 334 controls. We investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for association with serum CCL17 (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, TARC) levels and HL susceptibility. Serum CCL17 and CCL22 (macrophage-derived chemokine, MDC) levels were significantly increased in 82% and 57% of the HL patients. Nodular sclerosis cases showed increased serum CCL17 and CCL22 levels (P < 0.001) and serum levels were correlated with Ann Arbor stage. Of nine patients with pre- and post-treatment serum samples, the majority showed decreased CCL17 and CCL22 levels after treatment. HRS cells expressed CCL17 and CCL22 in 77% and 75% of 74 cases. Three SNPs showed a trend of increased serum CCL17 levels with minor alleles in controls, but were not associated with HL susceptibility. CCL17 and CCL22 were the only chemokines with increased serum levels in the vast majority of HL patients, which provides further insight into the molecular mechanism(s) leading to infiltrations of reactive lymphocytes in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Niens
- Department of Medical Genetics, Unviersity Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Gender-specific influence of the chromosome 16 chemokine gene cluster on the susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2008; 267:86-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex genetic disorder influenced by environmental factors. The mode of inheritance and genes involved are not clear. RESULTS This report here is focusing on the current progress in searching the disease-susceptibility genes of AD via both the linkage studies and candidate gene approaches. Genome-wide linkage studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci on 3q and 17q. Candidate region linkage studies identify other susceptibility loci on 5q23-33, 11q13, and 13q12-14. At least 28 candidate genes have to date been verified in association studies, but only association with genes of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-4RA, mast cell chymase, and serine protease inhibitor, kazal-type 5 have been replicated in more than two different studies. More halpotype tests and family-based association studies may help to shed more light for the candidate gene approach. CONCLUSION Determining the candidate susceptibility genes for AD is not only helping understanding the pathophysiology but also affecting the response to therapy, which is important in pharmacogenetics. The effect of environmental trigger may also have to be considered to elucidate the real face of the disease.
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Kiyohara C, Tanaka K, Miyake Y. Genetic susceptibility to atopic dermatitis. Allergol Int 2008; 57:39-56. [PMID: 18209506 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.r-07-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2007] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with an increasing prevalence in industrialized countries. AD belongs to the group of allergic disorders that includes food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. A multifactorial background for AD has been suggested, with genetic as well as environmental factors influencing disease development. Recent breakthroughs in genetic methodology have greatly augmented our understanding of the contribution of genetics to susceptibility to AD. A candidate gene association study is a general approach to identify susceptibility genes. Fifty three candidate gene studies (50 genes) have identified 19 genes associated with AD risk in at least one study. Significant associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chemokines (chymase 1-1903A > G), cytokines (interleukin13 Arg144Gln), cytokine receptors (interleukin 4 receptor 1727G > A) and SPINK 1258G > A have been replicated in more than one studies. These SNPs may be promising for identifying at-risk individuals. SNPs, even those not strongly associated with AD, should be considered potentially important because AD is a common disease. Even a small increase in risk can translate to a large number of AD cases. Consortia and international collaborative studies, which may maximize study efficacy and overcome the limitations of individual studies, are needed to help further illuminate the complex landscape of AD risk and genetic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Kiyohara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Ioannidis JPA, Kavvoura FK. Concordance of functional in vitro data and epidemiological associations in complex disease genetics. Genet Med 2006; 8:583-93. [PMID: 16980815 DOI: 10.1097/01.gim.0000237775.93658.0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to assess whether epidemiological evidence on genetic associations for complex diseases concord with in vitro functional data. METHODS We examined 36 studies on bi-allelic markers and 23 studies on haplotypes where investigators had addressed both epidemiological associations and the functional effect of the same gene variants in luciferase reporter systems in vitro. RESULTS There was no correlation between epidemiological odds ratios and luciferase activity ratios (-0.09, P = 0.60). Luciferase activity ratios could not tell whether a probed epidemiologic association would be significant or not (area under receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.52). Luciferase results usually were qualitatively similar across cell lines and experimental conditions, with some exceptions. A luciferase activity ratio of 1.44 adequately separated statistically significant from non-significant functional differences (area under receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.95). Binary and continuous disease outcomes usually gave concordant results; other in vitro methods, in particular EMSA, agreed with luciferase results. Selective reporting and use of different variants and contrasts between functional and epidemiological analyses were common in these studies. CONCLUSIONS In vitro biological data and epidemiology provide independent lines of evidence on complex diseases. We provide suggestions for improving the design and reporting of studies addressing both in vitro and epidemiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P A Ioannidis
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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Saeki H, Tamaki K. Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 2006; 43:75-84. [PMID: 16859899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/15/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 is constitutively expressed in the thymus and is produced by dendritic cells (DC), endothelial cells, keratinocytes (KC) and fibroblasts. TARC is designated a Th2 type chemokine since it binds to CCR4. We review the pathogenic role of TARC in skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), bullous pemphigoid (BP) and mycosis fungoides (MF) focusing on epidermal KC and Langerhans cells (LC), which are epidermal DC. We have determined that serum TARC levels sharply reflect the disease activity of AD, which is thought to be a Th2-dominant inflammatory skin disease especially in the acute phase. Serum TARC levels are also related to the disease activity of BP, which is a blistering autoimmune skin disease, and MF, which is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, but very high serum TARC levels are only seen in a limited number of various other skin diseases. TARC may be a useful laboratory marker for the diagnosis of AD, especially cases which are moderate to severe, and for the evaluation of disease activity of AD. IL-4 and TGF-beta1 downregulate TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma induced TARC production in the human KC cell line, HaCaT cells, while IL-4 upregulates, and IFN-gamma downregulates TARC production by mouse LC. Because TARC and its receptor CCR4 are believed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of AD, BP and MF, TARC and CCR4 may be possible future targets for therapy of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehisa Saeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Zhang Y, Matsuo H, Morita E. Lack of Association between Atopic Dermatitis and -401A/G Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of the RANTES Gene in Japanese. Allergol Int 2005. [DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.54.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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