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Viozzi G, Rauque C, Flores V, Vega R, Waicheim A. A regional scale study of parasites in Percichthys trucha, an endemic fish of southern South America: insights on diversity and distribution from two decades of field surveys. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2667-2689. [PMID: 37707608 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The current conservation status of Percichthys trucha (Creole perch) is Least Concern, although the population trend is considered to be decreasing. We conducted an extensive survey of parasite fauna in this species over two decades in its distribution range in Argentina. Fish were collected using gill and trawl nets. Parasites were collected, identified, and counted to calculate prevalence and mean intensity. The present work reports the parasite species infecting P. trucha, using data from our own survey and from previously published records. This information enables us to evaluate infection and distribution patterns, assess the role of P. trucha as host, determine the specificity of the parasites, and evaluate the threat represented by introduced, invasive parasites. The data set consists of a total of 453 host-parasite-locality records, of which only 15 are exclusively bibliographic. We found 44 parasite taxa: 19 digeneans, 4 monogeneans, 5 cestodes, 8 nematodes, 4 acanthocephalans, 3 crustaceans, and 1 mollusk. The most represented families were Diplostomidae, Heterophyidae, and Dactylogyridae. This study increases the number of parasite species known from 25 to 44. It can be concluded that this parasite fauna is characterized by high diversity, particularly of digeneans, and most of the parasites reproduce within this host, a pattern which is related to the top position of this fish species in the trophic webs. Six parasite species (Allocreadium patagonicum, Homalometron papilliferum, Acanthostomoides apophalliformis, Duplaccessorius andinus, Pseudodelphys limnicola, and Hysterothylacium patagonense) exhibit high host specificity (only matures in Creole perches) and are widely distributed, which could now be considered as "biogeographical core helminth fauna." Some P. trucha populations are affected by the invasion of alien fishes like Cyprinus carpio and pathogenic parasites like Lernaea cyprinacea and Schizocotyle acheilognathi. Our findings emphasize the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Viozzi
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Carlos Rauque
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Verónica Flores
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - Rocío Vega
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Agustina Waicheim
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Becker LA, Battini MA, Barriga JP, Azpelicueta MM, Johnson JB, Cussac VE. Morphologic and genetic variation within a relict Andean catfish, Hatcheria macraei , and its relationship with Trichomycterus areolatus and Bullockia maldonadoi (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20211007. [PMID: 37162081 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320211007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The South American siluriform fishes are found primarily in the Neotropical region, north and east of the Colorado River of Argentina, with a few relict species distributed southward and westward on both sides of the Andes Mountains. Three of these, the closely related trichomycterids Hatcheria macraei, Trichomycterus areolatus and Bullockia maldonadoi, have been subject to historical taxonomic and nomenclatural arrangements. Here, we amplify a 652-bp fragment of COI mtDNA from 55 H. macraei individuals and use publicly available Cytb mtDNA sequences of the three taxa to assess their relationship, genetic variation and haplotype distribution in relation to hydrographic basins. In addition, we extend a recent morphometric study on H. macraei by analyzing body shape in 447 individuals collected from 24 populations across their entire cis-Andean distribution. We identified some lineages previously assigned to T. areolatus that show a closer relationship to either B. maldonadoi or H. macraei, revealing new boundaries to their currently known trans-Andean distribution. We found a great morphologic variation among H. macraei populations and a high genetic variation in H. macraei, T. areolatus and B. maldonadoi associated with river basins. We highlight further integrative studies are needed to enhance our knowledge of the southern Andean trichomycterid diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro A Becker
- CONICET, Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus), 9120 Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Battini
- Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), 8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Juan P Barriga
- Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), 8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - María M Azpelicueta
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jerald B Johnson
- Bean Life Science Museum, Department of Biology and Monte L., Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Víctor E Cussac
- Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales (IPATEC), 8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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3
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Valenzuela-Aguayo F, McCracken GR, Diaz G, Manosalva A, Habit E, Ruzzante DE. Connectivity, diversity, and hybridization between two endemic fish species (Percilia spp.) in a complex temperate landscape. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Collado GA, Torres-Díaz C, Valladares MA. Phylogeography and molecular species delimitation reveal cryptic diversity in Potamolithus (Caenogastropoda: Tateidae) of the southwest basin of the Andes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15735. [PMID: 34344905 PMCID: PMC8333322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The species of the genus Potamolithus inhabiting the southwestern basin of the Andes are difficult to distinguish due to small size and similar shell morphology. Only Potamolithus australis and Potamolithus santiagensis have been traditionally recognized in this region, but the occurrence of several morphologically similar undescribed populations could increase the regional richness. Here we delimit described and potentially undescribed cryptic species of the genus using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Network analysis and diversity indices inferred six highly differentiated haplogroups, many of them sympatric and widespread in the study area. Phylogeographic analyses suggest a scenario of recent diversification and the occurrence of multiple refuges during the successive Pleistocene glaciations. Phylogenetic analysis also recovered six major clades that showed no relationship with physiography. Species delimitation analyses consistently recognized three or four candidate species apart from P. australis and P. santiagensis. Divergence times indicate that speciation of Chilean Potamolithus began at the end of the Pliocene, probably driven by climatic rather than geographic events. Considering the high inter- and intra-basin genetic diversity, conservation efforts should be focused on protecting sympatric taxa in the basins with the highest species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo A. Collado
- grid.440633.6Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Chillán, Chile ,grid.440633.6Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (GBCG), Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- grid.440633.6Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Chillán, Chile ,grid.440633.6Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (GBCG), Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Moisés A. Valladares
- grid.440633.6Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Chillán, Chile ,grid.440633.6Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (GBCG), Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
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Márquez F, Trovant B, Van der Molen S, Sepúlveda RD, Doña J, Johnson KP, Vierna J. Two evolutionary units on the South American razor clam Ensis macha (Bivalvia: Pharidae): genetic and morphometric evidence. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-020-00441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Historical and Contemporary Diversity of Galaxiids in South America: Biogeographic and Phylogenetic Perspectives. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12080304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Galaxiid fishes from South America are represented by three genera (Aplochiton, Brachygalaxias and Galaxias) and eight species. Their genetic patterns have been studied over the last two decades to disentangle how historical and contemporary processes influenced their biogeographic distribution and phylogeographic patterns. Here we review and synthesize this body of work. Phylogeographic approaches reveal the important role played by orogeny and the expansion/melting of glacial ice during the Quaternary. Populations retreated to glacial refugia during glacial times and some systems experienced drainage reversals from the Atlantic to the Pacific following deglaciation. Although most species expanded their populations and increased their genetic diversity during the Holocene, the introduction of salmonids and the construction of dams are likely to lead to a decline in genetic diversity for at least some species. An improvement in our understanding of the processes that influenced historical and contemporary diversity patterns among galaxiid and other native fishes in South America is necessary for addressing the cumulative and synergistic impacts of human activity on this unique freshwater fauna.
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Ruzzante DE, Simons AP, McCracken GR, Habit E, Walde SJ. Multiple drainage reversal episodes and glacial refugia in a Patagonian fish revealed by sequenced microsatellites. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200468. [PMID: 32486985 PMCID: PMC7341911 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of the southern Andes and the Quaternary glacial cycles influenced the landscape of Patagonia, affecting the phylogeographic and biogeographic patterns of its flora and fauna. Here, we examine the phylogeography of the freshwater fish, Percichthys trucha, using 53 sequenced microsatellite DNA markers. Fish (n= 835) were collected from 16 river systems (46 locations) spanning the species range on both sides of the Andes. Eleven watersheds drain to the Pacific, five of which are trans-Andean (headwaters east of Andes). The remaining five drainages empty into the Atlantic. Three analytical approaches (neighbour-joining tree, hierarchical AMOVAs, Structure) revealed evidence of historic drainage reversals: fish from four of the five trans-Andean systems (Puelo, Futalaufquen/Yelcho, Baker, Pascua) exhibited greater genetic similarity with Atlantic draining systems than with Pacific systems with headwaters west of Andes. Present-day drainage (Pacific versus Atlantic) explained only 5% of total genetic variance, while ancestral drainage explained nearly 27% of total variance. Thus, the phylogeographic structure of P. trucha is consistent with episodes of drainage reversal in multiple systems and suggests a major role for deglaciation in the genetic and indeed the geographical distribution of P. trucha in Patagonia. The study emphasizes the significant role of historical processes in the current pattern of genetic diversity and differentiation in a fish from a southern temperate region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Ruzzante
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Annie P Simons
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Evelyn Habit
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sandra J Walde
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Riva-Rossi C, Barrasso DA, Baker C, Quiroga AP, Baigún C, Basso NG. Revalidation of the Argentinian pouched lamprey Geotria macrostoma (Burmeister, 1868) with molecular and morphological evidence. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233792. [PMID: 32470001 PMCID: PMC7259705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Argentinian pouched lamprey, classified as Petromyzon macrostomus Burmeister, 1868 was first described in 1867 in De La Plata River, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and subsequently recorded in several rivers from Patagonia. Since its original description, the validity of P. macrostomus was questioned by several ichthyologists and 36 years after its original discovery it was considered a junior synonym of Geotria australis Gray, 1851. For a long time, the taxonomic status of G. australis has been uncertain, largely due to the misinterpretations of the morphological alterations that occur during sexual maturation, including the arrangement of teeth, size and position of fins and cloaca, and the development of an exceptionally large gular pouch in males. In this study, the taxonomic status of Geotria from across the "species" range was evaluated using both molecular analysis and examination of morphological characteristics. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) genes, along with morphological analysis of diagnostic characters reported in the original descriptions of the species were used to assess genetic and morphological variation within Geotria and to determine the specific status of the Argentinian lamprey. These analyses revealed that Geotria from Argentina constitutes a well differentiated lineage from Chilean and Australasian populations. The position of the cloaca and the distance between the second dorsal and caudal fins in sub-adult individuals, and at previous life stages, can be used to distinguish between the two species. In addition, the genetic distance between G. macrostoma and G. australis for the COI and Cyt b mitochondrial genes is higher than both intra- and inter-specific distances reported for other Petromyzontiformes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicate that the Argentinian pouched lamprey, found along a broad latitudinal gradient on the south-west Atlantic coast of South America, should be named as Geotria macrostoma (Burmeister, 1868) and not as G. australis Gray 1851, returning to its earliest valid designation in Argentina. Geotria macrostoma can now be considered as the single lamprey species inhabiting Argentinian Patagonia, with distinct local adaptations and evolutionary potential. It is essential that this distinctiveness is recognized in order to guide future conservation and management actions against imminent threats posed by human actions in the major basins of Patagonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Riva-Rossi
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Diego Andrés Barrasso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Sección Herpetología, División Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cindy Baker
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA), Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Analía Pamela Quiroga
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Claudio Baigún
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (CONICET-UNSAM), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Néstor Guillermo Basso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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10
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Hughes LC, Cardoso YP, Sommer JA, Cifuentes R, Cuello M, Somoza GM, González‐Castro M, Malabarba LR, Cussac V, Habit EM, Betancur‐R. R, Ortí G. Biogeography, habitat transitions and hybridization in a radiation of South American silverside fishes revealed by mitochondrial and genomic RAD data. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:738-751. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lily C. Hughes
- Department of Biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC USA
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
| | - Yamila P. Cardoso
- Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva‐CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata La Plata Argentina
| | - Julie A. Sommer
- Vice Chancellor for Research Office University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE USA
| | - Roberto Cifuentes
- Departmento de Sistemas Acuáticos Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA Universidad de Concepción y Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas Patagónicos Concepción Chile
| | - Mariela Cuello
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata‐CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gustavo M. Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomus (CONICET‐UNSAM) Chascomús, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Mariano González‐Castro
- Grupo de Biotaxonomía Morfológica y molecular de peces IIMyC‐CONICET Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Luiz R. Malabarba
- Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Victor Cussac
- Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Patagonia Norte – Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche, Rio Negro Argentina
| | - Evelyn M. Habit
- Departmento de Sistemas Acuáticos Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA Universidad de Concepción y Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas Patagónicos Concepción Chile
| | - Ricardo Betancur‐R.
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
- Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Guillermo Ortí
- Department of Biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC USA
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
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11
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Ríos N, Casanova A, Hermida M, Pardo BG, Martínez P, Bouza C, García G. Population Genomics in Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae, Siluriformes) Reveals Deep Divergence and Adaptation in the Neotropical Region. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010109. [PMID: 31963477 PMCID: PMC7017130 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhamdia quelen, a Neotropical fish with hybridization between highly divergent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages, represents an interesting evolutionary model. Previous studies suggested that there might be demographic differences between coastal lagoons and riverine environments, as well as divergent populations that could be reproductively isolated. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity pattern of this taxon in the Southern Neotropical Basin system that includes the La Plata Basin, Patos-Merin lagoon basin and the coastal lagoons draining to the SW Atlantic Ocean, through a population genomics approach using 2b-RAD-sequencing-derived single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The genomic scan identified selection footprints associated with divergence and suggested local adaptation environmental drivers. Two major genomic clusters latitudinally distributed in the Northern and Southern basins were identified, along with consistent signatures of divergent selection between them. Population structure based on the whole set of loci and on the presumptive neutral vs. adaptive loci showed deep genomic divergence between the two major clusters. Annotation of the most consistent SNPs under divergent selection revealed some interesting candidate genes for further functional studies. Moreover, signals of adaptation to a coastal lagoon environment mediated by purifying selection were found. These new insights provide a better understanding of the complex evolutionary history of R. quelen in the southernmost basin of the Neotropical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Ríos
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UdelaR, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +598-25258618 (ext. 140)
| | - Adrián Casanova
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.C.); (M.H.); (B.G.P.); (P.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Miguel Hermida
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.C.); (M.H.); (B.G.P.); (P.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Belén G. Pardo
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.C.); (M.H.); (B.G.P.); (P.M.); (C.B.)
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Paulino Martínez
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.C.); (M.H.); (B.G.P.); (P.M.); (C.B.)
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Bouza
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.C.); (M.H.); (B.G.P.); (P.M.); (C.B.)
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Graciela García
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UdelaR, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
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Wang D, Gao L, Tian H, Dong W, Duan X, Liu S, Chen D. Population genetics and sympatric divergence of the freshwater gudgeon, Gobiobotia filifer, in the Yangtze River inferred from mitochondrial DNA. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:50-58. [PMID: 31993113 PMCID: PMC6972953 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecosystem and Pleistocene glaciations play important roles in population demography. The freshwater gudgeon, Gobiobotia filifer, is an endemic benthic fish in the Yangtze River and is a good model for ecological and evolutionary studies. This study aimed to decode the population structure of G. filifer in the Yangtze River and reveal whether divergence occurred before or after population radiation. A total of 292 specimens from eight locations in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River were collected from 2014 to 2016 and analyzed via mitochondrial DNA Cyt b gene sequencing. A moderately high level of genetic diversity was found without structures among the population. However, phylogenetic and network topology showed two distinct haplotype groups, and each group contained a similar proportion of individuals from all sampled sites. This suggested the existence of two genetically divergent source populations in G. filifer. We deduced that a secondary contact of distinct glacial refugia was the main factor creating sympatric populations of G. filifer, and climate improvement promoted population expansion and colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqiang Wang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
| | - Lei Gao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
| | - Huiwu Tian
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
| | - Weiwei Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
- School of Life ScienceSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xinbin Duan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
| | - Shaoping Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
| | - Daqing Chen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceWuhanChina
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Curren E, Leong SCY. Global phylogeography of toxic cyanobacteria Moorea producens reveals distinct genetic partitioning influenced by Proterozoic glacial cycles. HARMFUL ALGAE 2019; 86:10-19. [PMID: 31358269 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lyngbya majuscula is a marine filamentous cyanobacteria belonging to the family Oscillatoriaceae. Recent phylogenetic analyses of L. majuscula have reclassified a subset of this species into various genera such as Moorea, Okeania and Dapis. From the genus Moorea, Moorea producens is a toxic invasive cyanobacterium that produces bioactive secondary metabolites that can cause severe inflammation and blistering. Despite the global distribution of M. producens, little information is available on their origin, patterns of dispersal and population structure. In this study, the spatial population structure of M. producens was investigated using near-complete 16S rRNA sequences. Analysis of the global population of M. producens by Isolation by Distance and STRUCTURE revealed two significantly distinct cosmopolitan populations that were separated by a genetic break. Lineage-specific divergence estimates of 147 cyanobacterial taxa, based on a relaxed molecular clock indicated the first global emergence of M. producens during the Mesoarchean and a subsequent global recolonization during the Mesoproterozoic period. We conclude that the genetic discontinuity between both cosmopolitan populations is attributed to refugia associated with Proterozoic glacial cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Curren
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 10 Science Drive 4, 117555, Singapore; St. John's Island National Marine Laboratory (SJINML), Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI), National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, 119227, Singapore.
| | - Sandric Chee Yew Leong
- St. John's Island National Marine Laboratory (SJINML), Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI), National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, 119227, Singapore
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Rauque C, Viozzi G, Flores V, Vega R, Waicheim A, Salgado-Maldonado G. Helminth parasites of alien freshwater fishes in Patagonia (Argentina). Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2018; 7:369-379. [PMID: 30302312 PMCID: PMC6174270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A survey of the helminth parasites of alien freshwater fishes from Argentinean Patagonia is presented, based on samples taken from 2010 to 2017 and including previous published records. A total of 1129 fishes were collected, belonging to 11 species from 7 families. We surveyed 34 localities in 12 river basins, and found 43 parasite taxa (15 digeneans, 14 monogeneans, 5 cestodes, 5 nematodes, and 4 acanthocephalans), belonging to 22 families. Data are presented as a parasite/host list with information on host species and localities, site of infection, parasite life-history stage, origin, previous records in Patagonia, and accession numbers to vouchers. The most frequently found helminths were monogeneans and digeneans. Our data suggest that invading fish in Patagonia have transmitted fewer parasite species than they have received by spillback. Twenty-three (53%) of the parasites seem to be acquired by the exotic fishes from native hosts, while 15 helminths were co-introduced along with their exotic fish host and continue to parasitize these alien fish but did not invade native hosts; 4 of these species were introduced with carp, 3 with Cheirodon interruptus, 3 with Corydoras paleatus, 3 with Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, 1 with Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and 1 with Jenynsia multidentata. The majority of these co-introduced parasites came from the Brazilic ichthyogeographic region (10 species). This is the first review of helminth parasites of alien fishes in Argentina; in total 12 new records of parasites for Argentina, 6 new records of parasites for Patagonia, and 29 new host-parasite records are presented here. This list is far from complete, however, given that some basins in southern Patagonia remain unexplored in terms of parasite detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rauque
- Laboratorio de Parasitología–INIBIOMA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Viozzi
- Laboratorio de Parasitología–INIBIOMA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Verónica Flores
- Laboratorio de Parasitología–INIBIOMA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Rocío Vega
- Laboratorio de Parasitología–INIBIOMA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Agustina Waicheim
- Laboratorio de Parasitología–INIBIOMA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Avda. Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Salgado-Maldonado
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Apartado Postal 70153, 04510, México D.F, Mexico
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15
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Chiarello-Sosa JM, Battini MÁ, Barriga JP. Latitudinal phenotypic variation in the southernmost trichomycterid, the catfish Hatcheria macraei: an amalgam of population divergence and environmental factors. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Body shape and meristic characters are highly variable phenotypic aspects in fish, and in most cases are related to phylogeography, environmental factors and life history patterns. Our main goals here were to evaluate morphological and meristic characters in five populations of the catfish Hatcheria macraei living at different latitudes across Patagonia, and to assess the importance of environmental and phylogenetic variables in determining body shape. The present study reveals great morphological variation among populations distributed along the latitudinal gradient. We found that the highest levels of variation in external morphological features were in peduncle height, dorsal fin length and anus position. This variation in body shape, quantified by geometric morphometrics, was mostly explained by the phylogenetic relationship between populations, stream gradient and spawning temperature. In contrast, the meristic characters, such as vertebral and fin ray numbers, except for dorsal fin ray number, were negatively related to latitude and positively to spawning temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mauro Chiarello-Sosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Miguel Ángel Battini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Barriga
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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16
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Fernández MV, Lallement M, Rechencq M, Vigliano PH, Sosnovsky A, Macchi PJ. Top predator fish assemblages in Northern Patagonia, Argentina. What factors regulate their patterns of distribution and abundance? AUSTRAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Valeria Fernández
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Mailén Lallement
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Magalí Rechencq
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Pablo H. Vigliano
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Alejandro Sosnovsky
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Patricio J. Macchi
- Grupo de Evaluación y Manejo de Recursos Ícticos; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo); Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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17
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Rueda EC, Mullaney KA, Conte-Grand C, Habit EM, Cussac V, Ortí G. Displacement of native Patagonian freshwater silverside populations (Odontesthes hatcheri, Atherinopsidae) by introgressive hybridization with introduced O. bonariensis. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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González-Wevar CA, Rosenfeld S, Segovia NI, Hüne M, Gérard K, Ojeda J, Mansilla A, Brickle P, Díaz A, Poulin E. Genetics, Gene Flow, and Glaciation: The Case of the South American Limpet Nacella mytilina. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161963. [PMID: 27598461 PMCID: PMC5012656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glacial episodes of the Quaternary, and particularly the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) drastically altered the distribution of the Southern-Hemisphere biota, principally at higher latitudes. The irregular coastline of Patagonia expanding for more than 84.000 km constitutes a remarkable area to evaluate the effect of Quaternary landscape and seascape shifts over the demography of near-shore marine benthic organisms. Few studies describing the biogeographic responses of marine species to the LGM have been conducted in Patagonia, but existing data from coastal marine species have demonstrated marked genetic signatures of post-LGM recolonization and expansion. The kelp-dweller limpet Nacella mytilina is broadly distributed along the southern tip of South America and at the Falkland/Malvinas Islands. Considering its distribution, abundance, and narrow bathymetry, N. mytilina represents an appropriate model to infer how historical and contemporary processes affected the distribution of intraspecific genetic diversity and structure along the southern tip of South America. At the same time, it will be possible to determine how life history traits and the ecology of the species are responsible for the current pattern of gene flow and connectivity across the study area. We conducted phylogeographic and demographic inference analyses in N. mytilina from 12 localities along Pacific Patagonia (PP) and one population from the Falkland/Malvinas Islands (FI). Analyses of the mitochondrial gene COI in 300 individuals of N. mytilina revealed low levels of genetic polymorphism and the absence of genetic differentiation along PP. In contrast, FI showed a strong and significant differentiation from Pacific Patagonian populations. Higher levels of genetic diversity were also recorded in the FI population, together with a more expanded genealogy supporting the hypothesis of glacial persistence of the species in these islands. Haplotype genealogy, and mismatch analyses in the FI population recognized an older and more complex demographic history than in PP. Demographic reconstructions along PP suggest a post-LGM expansion process (7.5 ka), also supported by neutrality tests, mismatch distribution and maximum parsimony haplotype genealogies. Migration rate estimations showed evidence of asymmetrical gene flow from PP to FI. The absence of genetic differentiation, the presence of a single dominant haplotype, high estimated migration rates, and marked signal of recent demographic growth, support the hypothesis of rapid post-glacial expansion in N. mytilina along PP. This expansion could have been sustained by larval and rafting-mediated dispersal of adults from northernmost populations following the Cape Horn Current System. Marked genetic differentiation between PP and FI could be explained through differences in their respective glacial histories. During the LGM, Pacific Patagonia (PP) was almost fully covered by the Patagonian Ice Sheet, while sheet coverage in the FI ice was restricted to small cirques and valleys. As previously recorded in the sister-species N. magellanica, the FI rather than represent a classical glacial refugium for N. mytilina, seems to represent a sink area and/or a secondary contact zone. Accordingly, historical and contemporary processes, contrasting glacial histories between the analyzed sectors, as well as life history traits constitute the main factors explaining the current biogeographical patterns of most shallow Patagonian marine benthic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio A. González-Wevar
- GAIA Antártica – Universidad de Magallanes, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Sebastián Rosenfeld
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Nicolás I. Segovia
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mathias Hüne
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ictiológica, Providencia – Santiago, Chile
| | - Karin Gérard
- GAIA Antártica – Universidad de Magallanes, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Jaime Ojeda
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Andrés Mansilla
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, casilla 113-D, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Paul Brickle
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI), PO Box 609, Stanley Cottage, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - Angie Díaz
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elie Poulin
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras # 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Crichigno S, Cordero P, Blasetti G, Cussac V. Dispersion of the invasive common carp Cyprinus carpio in southern South America: changes and expectations, westward and southward. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 89:403-416. [PMID: 27095064 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Common carp Cyprinus carpio possess multiple traits that contribute to their success as an invasive species. They have been introduced across the globe, and abundant populations can have numerous negative effects. Although ecological niche-based modelling techniques have been used to predict the potential range of C. carpio invasion in U.S.A., occurrence and abundance patterns have not yet been considered on a regional scale. In the present review new locations are documented, the status of the southernmost population has been studied and the probability of new lakes and reservoirs being colonized by C. carpio has been obtained and related to environmental conditions. The new localities for C. carpio have expanded its distribution westward, into the Andean Region, and present results from the South American southernmost population have shown a well-established population. Analysis of presence data provided two principal results: (1) the probability of a site being with C. carpio can be inferred using environmental variables and (2) the probability of a site being with C. carpio is a useful tool for the prediction of future invasions. Selective fishing on the Negro basin could constitute a potential mitigation measure, decreasing the abundance of the species and thus reducing the species' potential for southward expansion. These results reinforce the idea that artisanal fisheries, food production and conservation interests should be taken into account by local government management agencies in any discussion regarding the southern distribution of C. carpio in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Crichigno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCO) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - P Cordero
- Autoridad Interjurisdiccional de las Cuencas de los Ríos Limay, Neuquén y Negro (AIC), 9 de Julio 496, Cipolletti, R8324BHJ, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - G Blasetti
- Autoridad Interjurisdiccional de las Cuencas de los Ríos Limay, Neuquén y Negro (AIC), 9 de Julio 496, Cipolletti, R8324BHJ, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - V Cussac
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCO) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
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20
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Cussac VE, Habit E, Ciancio J, Battini MA, Riva Rossi C, Barriga JP, Baigún C, Crichigno S. Freshwater fishes of Patagonia: conservation and fisheries. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 89:1068-1097. [PMID: 27284012 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The absence of much literature on the Patagonian fish fauna in comparison with that of the neotropics, has previously been blamed on its poor species diversity. Knowledge of the fishes of Patagonia, however, rose sharply at the beginning of the present century, allowing for an understanding of the complex biogeographical history that has led to the present diversity and distribution patterns. There are several new and potential threats to biodiversity and conservation of Patagonian fishes, such as the introduction of exotic species, damming, climate change and changes geared to safeguard economic interests, often acting synergistically. A great amount of new information is now available and the aim of the present review is to articulate this knowledge in a comprehensive way in order to aid in the development of tools to face the increasing challenges posed by environmental change and human activity. Knowledge about fishes of Patagonia has grown at the same time as human actions, and presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Cussac
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina
| | - E Habit
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales& Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile
| | - J Ciancio
- Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), CONICET, Argentina
| | - M A Battini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina
| | - C Riva Rossi
- Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), CONICET, Argentina
| | - J P Barriga
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina
| | - C Baigún
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), CONICET, Argentina
| | - S Crichigno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina
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Ruskey JA, Taylor EB. Morphological and genetic analysis of sympatric dace within the Rhinichthys cataractaespecies complex: a case of isolation lost. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Ruskey
- Department of Zoology; Biodiversity Research Centre and Beaty Biodiversity Museum; University of British Columbia; #4200-6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Eric B. Taylor
- Department of Zoology; Biodiversity Research Centre and Beaty Biodiversity Museum; University of British Columbia; #4200-6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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22
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Lima SMQ, Vasconcellos AV, Berbel-Filho WM, Lazoski C, Russo CAM, Sazima I, Solé-cava AM. Effects of Pleistocene climatic and geomorphological changes on the population structure of the restricted-range catfishTrichogenes longipinnis(Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae). SYST BIODIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2015.1104398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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González-Wevar C, Salinas P, Hüne M, Segovia N, Vargas-Chacoff L, Oda E, Poulin E. Contrasting Genetic Structure and Diversity of Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1848) Along the Chilean Coast: Stock Identification for Fishery Management. J Hered 2015; 106 Suppl 1:439-47. [PMID: 26245779 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Galaxias maculatus (Pisces: Galaxiidae) commonly known as "puye" has a disjunct distribution along the Southern Hemisphere including landlocked and migratory populations at latitudes over 30°S in South America, Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. Chilean artisanal fishery of G. maculatus has become less important as a resource due to multiple factors including overexploitation, pollution, introduction of predators, and competitors. At the same time, the current conservation status of the species in Chile is still uncertain. Here, we used mtDNA control region sequences (925bp) to investigate main patterns of genetic diversity and structure in populations from 2 biogeographic areas along the Chilean coast. Extremely high levels of genetic diversity characterize the species, suggesting a low amount of influence of the last glacial cycle over its demography compared with other studies in freshwater and marine South American fishes. However, we recognized contrasting genetic patterns between the Intermediate Area (between 30°S and 42°S) and the Magellanic Province (between 42°S and 56°S). On the one hand, over a narrow geographical range (<200 km) each Intermediate Area estuarine population constitutes a different genetic unit. On the other hand, the Magellanic populations of the species exhibited low levels of differentiation in an area extending for more than 500 km. Such differences may be a consequence of different coastal configurations, oceanographic regimes, and Quaternary glacial histories. Finally, our results support the existence of different stock units for G. maculatus and this information should be integrated in future management strategies and aquaculture programs for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio González-Wevar
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff).
| | - Pilar Salinas
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
| | - Mathias Hüne
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
| | - Nicolás Segovia
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
| | - Luis Vargas-Chacoff
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
| | - Esteban Oda
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
| | - Elie Poulin
- From the GAIA-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01890, Punta Arenas 621-0427, Chile (González-Wevar); the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras #3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile (González-Wevar, Salinas, Hüne, Segovia, Oda, and Poulin); and the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (Vargas-Chacoff)
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Vera-Escalona I, Habit E, Ruzzante DE. Echoes of a distant time: effects of historical processes on contemporary genetic patterns in Galaxias platei in Patagonia. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:4112-28. [PMID: 26147523 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interpreting the genetic structure of a metapopulation as the outcome of gene flow over a variety of timescales is essential for the proper understanding of how changes in landscape affect biological connectivity. Here we contrast historical and contemporary connectivity in two metapopulations of the freshwater fish Galaxias platei in northern and southernmost Patagonia where paleolakes existed during the Holocene and Pleistocene, respectively. Contemporary gene flow was mostly high and asymmetrical in the northern system while extremely reduced in the southernmost system. Historical migration patterns were high and symmetric in the northern system and high and largely asymmetric in the southern system. Both systems showed a moderate structure with a clear pattern of isolation by distance (IBD). Effective population sizes were smaller in populations with low contemporary gene flow. An approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) approach suggests a late Holocene colonization of the lakes in the northern system and recent divergence of the populations from refugial populations from east and west of the Andes. For the southern system, the ABC approach reveals that some of the extant G. platei populations most likely derive from an ancestral population inhabiting a large Pleistocene paleolake while the rest derive from a higher-altitude lake. Our results suggest that neither historical nor contemporary processes individually fully explain the observed structure and geneflow patterns and both are necessary for a proper understanding of the factors that affect diversity and its distribution. Our study highlights the importance of a temporal perspective on connectivity to analyse the diversity of spatially complex metapopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Vera-Escalona
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St., Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Evelyn Habit
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniel E Ruzzante
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St., Halifax, NS, Canada
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25
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Scorched mussels (BIVALVIA: MYTILIDAE: BRACHIDONTINAE) from the temperate coasts of South America: phylogenetic relationships, trans-Pacific connections and the footprints of Quaternary glaciations. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 82 Pt A:60-74. [PMID: 25451805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses aspects of the phylogeny and phylogeography of scorched mussels (BIVALVIA: MYTILIDAE: BRACHIDONTINAE) from southern South America (Argentina and Chile), as well as their ecophylogenetic implications. Relationships were inferred from sequences of two nuclear (28S and 18S) and one mitochondrial (COI) genes, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses. Our results indicate that the monophyletic BRACHIDONTINAE include three well supported clades: [i] Brachidontes Swainson (=Hormomya Mörch), [ii] Ischadium Jukes-Browne+Geukensia van de Poel, and [iii] Austromytilus Laseron+Mytilisepta Habe (usually considered a member of the SEPTIFERINAE)+Perumytilus Olsson. Species of clade [iii] are distributed along the temperate coasts of the Pacific Ocean. Available evidence supports divergence between Austromytilus (Australia) and Perumytilus (South American) following the breakup of Australian, Antarctic and South American shelves. Four brachidontins occur in southern South America: Brachidontes rodriguezii (d'Orbigny), B. granulatus (Hanley), and two genetically distinct clades of Perumytilus. The latter are confined to the Chile-Peru (North Clade) and Magellanic (South Clade) Biogeographic Provinces, respectively warm- and cold-temperate. The South Clade is the only brachidontin restricted to cold-temperate waters. Biogeographic considerations and the fossil record prompted the hypothesis that the South Clade originated from the North Clade by incipient peripatric differentiation, followed by isolation during the Quaternary glaciations, genetic differentiation in the non-glaciated coasts of eastern Patagonia, back-expansion over southern Chile following post-LGM de-glaciation, and development of a secondary contact zone between the two clades in south-central Chile. Evidence of upper Pleistocene expansion of the South Clade parallels similar results on other organisms that have colonized coastal ecosystems from eastern Patagonia since the LGM, apparently occupying free ecological space. We emphasize that the assembly of communities cannot be explained solely in terms of environmental drivers, as history also matters.
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26
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Sakuma K, Ueda Y, Hamatsu T, Kojima S. Contrasting population histories of the deep-sea demersal fish, Lycodes matsubarai, in the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk. Zoolog Sci 2014; 31:375-82. [PMID: 24882098 DOI: 10.2108/zs130271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the impact of the drastic climate change during the last glacial period on coastal marine and anadromous species in the marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific Ocean; however, its influence on deep-sea species remains poorly understood. To compare the effects of the last glacial period on populations from the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk, we examined the mitochondrial control region and cytochrome b gene sequences of Lycodes matsubarai, a deepsea demersal fish that inhabits these two seas. Our results showed clear genetic differentiation of populations between the two seas. The populations may have diverged during the last glacial period, probably as a result of vicariance due to the drastic sea level change. The population in the Sea of Okhotsk was larger than that in the Sea of Japan, but suddenly decreased after the last glacial period. However, the Sea of Japan population expanded after the last glacial period, coincident with high levels of oxygenation in deep-sea areas. These results elucidate regional-scale impacts of climate change on deep-sea organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Sakuma
- 1 Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
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27
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Diet induces phenotypic plasticity of Percichthys trucha (Valenciennes, 1833) (Perciformes, Percichthyidae) in Patagonia. ZOOL ANZ 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Muñoz-Ramírez CP, Unmack PJ, Habit E, Johnson JB, Cussac VE, Victoriano P. Phylogeography of the ancient catfish family Diplomystidae: biogeographic, systematic, and conservation implications. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 73:146-60. [PMID: 24486990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The catfish family Diplomystidae is one of the earliest branching lineages within the diverse order Siluriformes and shows a deep phylogenetic split from all other extant and extinct major catfish groups. Despite its relevance in the evolution of siluriforms, phylogenetic relationships within the Diplomystidae are poorly understood, and prior to this study, no phylogenetic hypotheses using molecular data had been published. By conducting a phylogeographic study across the entire distribution of the family, that encompasses river systems from Central-South Chile and Argentina, we provide the first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis among all known species of Diplomystidae, and in addition, investigate how their evolutionary history relates to major historical events that took place in southern South America. Our phylogenetic analyses show four main lineages and nine sub-lineages strongly structured geographically. All Pacific basin populations, with one exception (those found in the Baker basin) clustered within three of the four main lineages (clades I-III), while all populations from Atlantic basins and those from the Baker basin clustered in a single main clade (clade IV). There was a tendency for genetic diversity to decrease from north to south for Pacific basins consistent with an increasing north-south ice coverage during the last glacial maximum. However, we did not find a statistically significant correlation between genetic diversity and latitude. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that river basins and the barrier created by the Andes Mountains explained a high percentage of the genetic variation. Interestingly, most of the genetic variation among drainages was explained among Pacific basins. Molecular phylogenetic analyses agree only partially with current systematics. The geographical distribution of main lineages did not match species distribution and suggests a new taxonomic hypothesis with support for four species of Diplomystes, three species distributed allopatrically from the Rapel to the Valdivia basin, and only one species distributed in Baker and Atlantic basins. High genetic differentiation among river basins suggests that conservation efforts should focus on protecting populations in each basin in order to preserve the genetic diversity of one of the oldest groups of catfishes on the earth today.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Muñoz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
| | - P J Unmack
- Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - E Habit
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas Patagónicos (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
| | - J B Johnson
- Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - V E Cussac
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET, Bariloche, 8400 Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - P Victoriano
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas Patagónicos (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
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29
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Alò D, Correa C, Arias C, Cárdenas L. Diversity of Aplochiton fishes (Galaxiidea) and the taxonomic resurrection of A. marinus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71577. [PMID: 23977079 PMCID: PMC3747208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplochiton is a small genus of galaxiid fishes endemic to Patagonia and the Falkland Islands whose taxonomy is insufficiently resolved. Recent genetic analyses confirmed the existence of only two closely related species, Aplochiton taeniatus and Aplochiton zebra, while a third controversial species, Aplochiton marinus, remained lost to synonymy with A. taeniatus. Using an integrative taxonomy framework, we studied original samples and published sequences from a broad range in western Patagonia and the Falkland Islands, and generated robust species hypotheses based on single-locus (Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I; COI) species-delineation methods and known diagnostic morphological characters analyzed in a multivariate context. Results revealed three distinct evolutionary lineages that morphologically resemble, in important respects, existing nominal species descriptions. Interestingly, the lineage associated with A. marinus was unambiguously identifiable (100% accuracy) both from the genetic and morphological viewpoints. In contrast, the morphology of A. taeniatus and A. zebra overlapped substantially, mainly due to the high variability of A. taeniatus. Discriminant function analysis aided the identification of these species with 83.9% accuracy. Hence, for their unambiguous identification, genetic screening is needed. A. marinus has seldom been documented, and when recorded, it has always been found in sites with clear marine influence. It is possible that only A. marinus preserves a life cycle related to the sea akin to the hypothesized ancestral galaxiid. We did not find evidence of claimed diadromy in A. taeniatus or A. zebra, and, therefore, these should be regarded as freshwater species. Finally, a lack of phylogeographic patterns and overrepresentation of uncommon haplotypes suggested demographic expansions in recent evolutionary time, especially of A. zebra, in line with the hypothesis of large-scale range expansion and lineage spread in western Patagonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Alò
- Instituto de Conservación, Biodiversidad and Territorio, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Cristián Correa
- Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlos Arias
- Department of Biology and Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Leyla Cárdenas
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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30
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Chakona A, Swartz ER, Gouws G. Evolutionary drivers of diversification and distribution of a southern temperate stream fish assemblage: testing the role of historical isolation and spatial range expansion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70953. [PMID: 23951050 PMCID: PMC3739774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences to investigate genetic diversity within three broadly co-distributed freshwater fish genera (Galaxias, Pseudobarbus and Sandelia) to shed some light on the processes that promoted lineage diversification and shaped geographical distribution patterns. A total of 205 sequences of Galaxias, 177 sequences of Pseudobarbus and 98 sequences of Sandelia from 146 localities across nine river systems in the south-western Cape Floristic Region (South Africa) were used. The data were analysed using phylogenetic and haplotype network methods and divergence times for the clades retrieved were estimated using *BEAST. Nine extremely divergent (3.5-25.3%) lineages were found within Galaxias. Similarly, deep phylogeographic divergence was evident within Pseudobarbus, with four markedly distinct (3.8-10.0%) phylogroups identified. Sandelia had two deeply divergent (5.5-5.9%) lineages, but seven minor lineages with strong geographical congruence were also identified. The Miocene-Pliocene major sea-level transgression and the resultant isolation of populations in upland refugia appear to have driven widespread allopatric divergence within the three genera. Subsequent coalescence of rivers during the Pleistocene major sea-level regression as well as intermittent drainage connections during wet periods are proposed to have facilitated range expansion of lineages that currently occur across isolated river systems. The high degree of genetic differentiation recovered from the present and previous studies suggest that freshwater fish diversity within the south-western CFR may be vastly underestimated, and taxonomic revisions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Chakona
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa.
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31
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Parks DH, Mankowski T, Zangooei S, Porter MS, Armanini DG, Baird DJ, Langille MGI, Beiko RG. GenGIS 2: geospatial analysis of traditional and genetic biodiversity, with new gradient algorithms and an extensible plugin framework. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69885. [PMID: 23922841 PMCID: PMC3726740 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GenGIS is free and open source software designed to integrate biodiversity data with a digital map and information about geography and habitat. While originally developed with microbial community analyses and phylogeography in mind, GenGIS has been applied to a wide range of datasets. A key feature of GenGIS is the ability to test geographic axes that can correspond to routes of migration or gradients that influence community similarity. Here we introduce GenGIS version 2, which extends the linear gradient tests introduced in the first version to allow comprehensive testing of all possible linear geographic axes. GenGIS v2 also includes a new plugin framework that supports the development and use of graphically driven analysis packages: initial plugins include implementations of linear regression and the Mantel test, calculations of alpha-diversity (e.g., Shannon Index) for all samples, and geographic visualizations of dissimilarity matrices. We have also implemented a recently published method for biomonitoring reference condition analysis (RCA), which compares observed species richness and diversity to predicted values to determine whether a given site has been impacted. The newest version of GenGIS supports vector data in addition to raster files. We demonstrate the new features of GenGIS by performing a full gradient analysis of an Australian kangaroo apple data set, by using plugins and embedded statistical commands to analyze human microbiome sample data, and by applying RCA to a set of samples from Atlantic Canada. GenGIS release versions, tutorials and documentation are freely available at http://kiwi.cs.dal.ca/GenGIS, and source code is available at https://github.com/beiko-lab/gengis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan H. Parks
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy Mankowski
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Somayyeh Zangooei
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michael S. Porter
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David G. Armanini
- Prothea srl, Milan, Italy
- Environment Canada @ Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
| | - Donald J. Baird
- Environment Canada @ Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
| | | | - Robert G. Beiko
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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32
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Schiaffini MI, Martin GM, Giménez AL, Prevosti FJ. Distribution ofLyncodon patagonicus(Carnivora, Mustelidae): changes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present. J Mammal 2013. [DOI: 10.1644/12-mamm-a-155.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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33
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Turchetto-Zolet AC, Pinheiro F, Salgueiro F, Palma-Silva C. Phylogeographical patterns shed light on evolutionary process in South America. Mol Ecol 2012; 22:1193-213. [PMID: 23279129 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The South American continent is composed of several biogeographical regions harbouring the highest biodiversity on the globe, encompassing five of the world's biodiversity 'hot spots'. Nonetheless, the patterns and processes responsible for shaping its astonishing species diversity are largely unknown. Here, we present a review of current South American phylogeographical knowledge based on published articles on this topic. An appraisal of the literature reveals emerging phylogeographical patterns in the biota of South America. The striking phylogeographical divergence observed among organism lineages in South American studies is suggestive of high levels of undocumented species diversity. The interplay between Pleistocene climatic oscillations and Pliocene/Miocene orogenic events has contributed to shaping the current diversity and distribution of modern lineages in both the tropical and temperate regions of South America. Although older divergence times were observed for a range of species, most herpetofauna underwent an intraspecific lineage split much earlier than other organisms. The geographical ranges of species associated with forest habitats were reduced mainly during glacial cycles, whereas species associated with open vegetation domains have shown variable responses to climatic oscillations. The results suggest a highly complex mosaic of phylogeographical patterns in South America. We suggest future research directions to promote a better understanding of the origin and maintenance of the South American biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Turchetto-Zolet
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, IB/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Breitman MF, Avila LJ, Sites JW, Morando M. How lizards survived blizzards: phylogeography of theLiolaemus lineomaculatusgroup (Liolaemidae) reveals multiple breaks and refugia in southern Patagonia and their concordance with other codistributed taxa. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:6068-85. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Florencia Breitman
- Grupo de Herpetología Patagónico; Centro Nacional Patagónico; Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, (U9120ACD); Puerto Madryn; Chubut; Argentina
| | - Luciano J. Avila
- Grupo de Herpetología Patagónico; Centro Nacional Patagónico; Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, (U9120ACD); Puerto Madryn; Chubut; Argentina
| | - Jack W. Sites
- Biology Department and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum; Brigham Young University; 401 WIDB; Provo; UT; 84602; USA
| | - Mariana Morando
- Grupo de Herpetología Patagónico; Centro Nacional Patagónico; Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, (U9120ACD); Puerto Madryn; Chubut; Argentina
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35
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Fraser CI, Nikula R, Ruzzante DE, Waters JM. Poleward bound: biological impacts of Southern Hemisphere glaciation. Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:462-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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36
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carrea C, Barriga JP, Cussac VE, Ruzzante DE. Genetic and phenotypic differentiation among Galaxias maculatus populations in a Patagonian postglacial lake system. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01939.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan P. Barriga
- INIBIOMA (Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET) Quintral; 1250 (8400); Bariloche; RN; Argentina
| | - Victor E. Cussac
- INIBIOMA (Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET) Quintral; 1250 (8400); Bariloche; RN; Argentina
| | - Daniel E. Ruzzante
- Department of Biology; Dalhousie University; Halifax; NS; B3H 4R2; Canada
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37
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Barber BR, Xu J, Pérez-Losada M, Jara CG, Crandall KA. Conflicting evolutionary patterns due to mitochondrial introgression and multilocus phylogeography of the Patagonian freshwater crab Aegla neuquensis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37105. [PMID: 22685541 PMCID: PMC3369872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple loci and population genetic methods were employed to study the phylogeographic history of the Patagonian freshwater crab Aegla neuquensis (Aeglidae: Decopoda). This taxon occurs in two large river systems in the Patagonian Steppe, from the foothills of the Andes Mountains east to the Atlantic Ocean. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A nuclear phylogeny and multilocus nested clade phylogeographic analysis detected a fragmentation event between the Negro and Chico-Chubut river systems. This event occurred approximately 137 thousand years ago. An isolation-with-migration analysis and maximum-likelihood estimates of gene flow showed asymmetrical exchange of genetic material between these two river systems exclusively in their headwaters. We used information theory to determine the best-fit demographic history between these two river systems under an isolation-with-migration model. The best-fit model suggests that the Negro and the ancestral populations have the same effective population sizes; whereas the Chico-Chubut population is smaller and shows that gene flow from the Chico-Chubut into the Negro is four times higher than in the reverse direction. Much of the Chico-Chubut system appears to have only been recently colonized while the Negro populations appear to have been in place for most of the evolutionary history of this taxon. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Due to mitochondrial introgression, three nuclear loci provided different phylogeographic resolution than the three mitochondrial genes for an ancient fragmentation event observed in the nuclear phylogeny. However, the mitochondrial locus provided greater resolution on more recent evolutionary events. Our study, therefore, demonstrates the need to include both nuclear and mitochondrial loci for a more complete understanding of evolutionary histories and associated phylogeographic events. Our results suggest that gene flow between these systems, before and after fragmentation was through periodic paleolakes that formed in the headwaters region. Fragmentation between the Negro and Chico-Chubut systems was driven by the disappearance of these paleolakes during the Patagonian Glaciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Barber
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America.
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Habit E, Gonzalez J, Ruzzante DE, Walde SJ. Native and introduced fish species richness in Chilean Patagonian lakes: inferences on invasion mechanisms using salmonid-free lakes. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Habit
- Centro de Ciencias Ambientales; EULA; Universidad de Concepción; Barrio Universitario s/n Concepción Chile
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas Patagónicos (CIEP); Coyhaique Chile
| | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Centro de Ciencias Ambientales; EULA; Universidad de Concepción; Barrio Universitario s/n Concepción Chile
| | | | - Sandra J. Walde
- Department of Biology; Dalhousie University; Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
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Unmack PJ, Barriga JP, Battini MA, Habit EM, Johnson JB. Phylogeography of the catfish Hatcheria macraei reveals a negligible role of drainage divides in structuring populations. Mol Ecol 2011; 21:942-59. [PMID: 22211356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Southern South America provides a set of unusual geographic features that make it particularly interesting for studying phylogeography. The Andes Mountains run along a north-to-south axis and act as a barrier to gene flow for much of the biota of this region, with southern portions experiencing extensive historical glaciation. Geological data reveal a series of drainage reversals, shifting from Pacific Ocean outlets to Atlantic Ocean outlets because of glacier formation that dammed and reversed rivers. Once glaciers melted around 13 000 years ago, drainages returned to the Pacific Ocean. This geologic history predicts that aquatic organisms in Pacific rivers should have their closest relationships to their counterparts in Atlantic rivers immediately to their east. We tested this prediction in the trichomycterid catfish Hatcheria macraei from 38 locations using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Our results show that most populations found in Pacific rivers were closely related to fish found in the adjacent Atlantic draining Río Chubut. Surprisingly, one documented drainage reversal (from Río Deseado into Río Baker) did not result in movement of H. macraei. Overall, we found the lowest levels of genetic structure between most Pacific rivers that are adjacent to the Atlantic draining Río Chubut. We also found low levels of population structuring among three of four contemporary river basins that drain to the Atlantic Ocean. Our findings suggest that drainage basin boundaries have historically not played an important long-term role in structuring between nine of 11 drainages, an unusual finding in freshwater biogeography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Unmack
- Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories, Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Zemlak TS, Walde SJ, Habit EM, Ruzzante DE. Climate-induced changes to the ancestral population size of two Patagonian galaxiids: the influence of glacial cycling. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:5280-94. [PMID: 22077139 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Patagonia is one of the few areas in the Southern Hemisphere to have been directly influenced by Quaternary glaciers. In this study, we evaluate the influence that Quaternary glacial ice had on the genetic diversity of two congeneric fish species, the diadromous Galaxias maculatus and the nondiadromous Galaxias platei, using multilocus estimates of effective population size through time. Mid-Quaternary glaciations had far-reaching consequences for both species. Galaxias maculatus and G. platei each experienced severe genetic bottlenecks during the period when Patagonia ice sheet advance reached its maximum positions c. 1.1-0.6 Ma. Concordant drops in effective size during this time suggest that range sizes were under similar constraints. It is therefore unlikely that coastal (brackish/marine) environments served as a significant refuge for G. maculatus during glacial periods. An earlier onset of population declines for G. platei suggests that this species was vulnerable to modest glacial advances. Declines in effective sizes were continuous for both species and lasted into the late-Pleistocene. However, G. maculatus exhibited a strong population recovery during the late-Quaternary (c. 400,000 bp). Unusually long and warm interglacials associated with the late-Quaternary may have helped to facilitate a strong population rebound in this primarily coastal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Zemlak
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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PONCE JUANFEDERICO, RABASSA JORGE, CORONATO ANDREA, BORROMEI ANAMARIA. Palaeogeographical evolution of the Atlantic coast of Pampa and Patagonia from the last glacial maximum to the Middle Holocene. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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PARDIÑAS ULYSESFJ, TETA PABLO, D'ELÍA GUILLERMO, LESSA ENRIQUEP. The evolutionary history of sigmodontine rodents in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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MARTÍNEZ OSCARALFREDO, KUTSCHKER ADRIANA. The ‘Rodados Patagónicos’ (Patagonian shingle formation) of eastern Patagonia: environmental conditions of gravel sedimentation. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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