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Jones CM, Rohwedder A, Suen KM, Mohajerani SZ, Calabrese AN, Knipp S, Bedford MT, Ladbury JE. Affinity purification mass spectrometry characterisation of the interactome of receptor tyrosine kinase proline-rich motifs in cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35480. [PMID: 39165974 PMCID: PMC11334840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) overexpression is linked to the development and progression of multiple cancers. RTKs are classically considered to initiate cytoplasmic signalling pathways via ligand-induced tyrosine phosphorylation, however recent evidence points to a second tier of signalling contingent on interactions mediated by the proline-rich motif (PRM) regions of non-activated RTKs. The presence of PRMs on the C-termini of >40 % of all RTKs and the abundance of PRM-binding proteins encoded by the human genome suggests that there is likely to be a large number of previously unexplored interactions which add to the RTK intracellular interactome. Here, we explore the RTK PRM interactome and its potential significance using affinity purification mass spectrometry and in silico enrichment analyses. Peptides comprising PRM-containing C-terminal tail regions of EGFR, FGFR2 and HER2 were used as bait to affinity purify bound proteins from different cancer cell line lysates. 490 unique interactors were identified, amongst which proteins with metabolic, homeostatic and migratory functions were overrepresented. This suggests that PRMs from RTKs may sustain a diverse interactome in cancer cells. Since RTK overexpression is common in cancer, RTK PRM-derived signalling may be an important, but as yet underexplored, contributor to negative cancer outcomes including resistance to kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Jones
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LJ2 9JT, UK
| | - Arndt Rohwedder
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LJ2 9JT, UK
- Centre for Medical Research (ZMF), Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Kin Man Suen
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LJ2 9JT, UK
| | | | | | - Sabine Knipp
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LJ2 9JT, UK
| | - Mark T. Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics & Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX. TX 77230, USA
| | - John E. Ladbury
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LJ2 9JT, UK
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Lin Z, Schaefer K, Lui I, Yao Z, Fossati A, Swaney DL, Palar A, Sali A, Wells JA. Multiscale photocatalytic proximity labeling reveals cell surface neighbors on and between cells. Science 2024; 385:eadl5763. [PMID: 39024454 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl5763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Proximity labeling proteomics (PLP) strategies are powerful approaches to yield snapshots of protein neighborhoods. Here, we describe a multiscale PLP method with adjustable resolution that uses a commercially available photocatalyst, Eosin Y, which upon visible light illumination activates different photo-probes with a range of labeling radii. We applied this platform to profile neighborhoods of the oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor and orthogonally validated more than 20 neighbors using immunoassays and AlphaFold-Multimer prediction. We further profiled the protein neighborhoods of cell-cell synapses induced by bispecific T cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. This integrated multiscale PLP platform maps local and distal protein networks on and between cell surfaces, which will aid in the systematic construction of the cell surface interactome, revealing horizontal signaling partners and reveal new immunotherapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kaitlin Schaefer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Irene Lui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Zi Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrea Fossati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Danielle L Swaney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ajikarunia Palar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Ko EJ, Kim DY, Kim MH, An H, Kim J, Jeong JY, Song KS, Cha HJ. Functional Analysis of Membrane-Associated Scaffolding Tight Junction (TJ) Proteins in Tumorigenic Characteristics of B16-F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:833. [PMID: 38255907 PMCID: PMC10815660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junction (TJ) proteins (Tjps), Tjp1 and Tjp2, are tight junction-associated scaffold proteins that bind to the transmembrane proteins of tight junctions and the underlying cytoskeleton. In this study, we first analyzed the tumorigenic characteristics of B16-F10 melanoma cells, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastatic potential, and the expression patterns of related proteins, after the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of Tjp genes. The proliferation of Tjp1 and Tjp2 KO cells significantly increased in vitro. Other tumorigenic characteristics, including migration and invasion, were significantly enhanced in Tjp1 and Tjp2 KO cells. Zonula occludens (ZO)-associated protein Claudin-1 (CLDN-1), which is a major component of tight junctions and functions in controlling cell-to-cell adhesion, was decreased in Tjp KO cells. Additionally, Tjp KO significantly stimulated tumor growth and metastasis in an in vivo mouse model. We performed a transcriptome analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to elucidate the key genes involved in the mechanisms of action of Tjp1 and Tjp2. Among the various genes affected by Tjp KO-, cell cycle-, cell migration-, angiogenesis-, and cell-cell adhesion-related genes were significantly altered. In particular, we found that the Ninjurin-1 (Ninj1) and Catenin alpha-1 (Ctnna1) genes, which are known to play fundamental roles in Tjps, were significantly downregulated in Tjp KO cells. In summary, tumorigenic characteristics, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth, and metastatic potential, were significantly increased in Tjp1 and Tjp2 KO cells, and the knockout of Tjp genes significantly affected the expression of related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Ko
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea or (E.-J.K.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.-H.K.); (H.A.)
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Do-Ye Kim
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea or (E.-J.K.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.-H.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Min-Hye Kim
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea or (E.-J.K.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.-H.K.); (H.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin An
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea or (E.-J.K.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.-H.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (K.S.S.)
| | - Jee-Yeong Jeong
- Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (K.S.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Seob Song
- Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (K.S.S.)
- Departments of Medical Life Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea or (E.-J.K.); (D.-Y.K.); (M.-H.K.); (H.A.)
- Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (K.S.S.)
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Zhao W, Chen A, Yuan N, Hao X, Wang C, Lu X, Song X, Zhang Z. The Role of High Mobility Group Box B-1 in the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Based on the Changes in the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338231198972. [PMID: 38200714 PMCID: PMC10785708 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231198972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the expression of high mobility group box B-1 (HMGB-1) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis in colorectal carcinoma by combining bioinformatics and clinical data analysis, and to clarify the role of HMGB-1. To examine whether HMGB-1 expression is related to the damage of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and then explore the potential HMGB-1-dependent mechanisms affecting the progression of CRC. Methods: CRC datasets of GSE12945, GSE17536, and GSE17537 from the public gene chip database were screened and downloaded. Clinical information and CRC tissue samples from patients with stage I-III CRC from the hospital were collected. Serum samples of patients were applied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on HMGB-1, and were divided into high and low HMGB-1 expression, which was examined by 16S rDNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the relationship between the expression of HMGB-1 and tight junction protein, occludin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ. Results: Based on the Cutoff value of 10.24 ng/mL, the CRC patients were divided into high and low expression groups. In the HMGB-1H patient group, the TNM staging, overall survival, disease-free survival, recurrence, and metastasis were inferior to the HMGB-1L group. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that the Providencia genus was found to be enriched in the HMGB-1L group. Immunohistochemical results showed that HMGB-1 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of ZO-1 and occludin (R = 0.035, R = 0.003, P < .05), but was positively correlated with the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ (R = 0.016, R = 0.001, P < .05). Conclusion: The survival of CRC patients with positive HMGB-1 expression was significantly shortened, which may be related to the decrease of Rovitensis content, the decreased expression of ZO-1 and occludin, and the increased levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ, which in turn damage the intestinal mucosal barrier, leading to the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhao
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Anqi Chen
- Graduate School of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiurong Lu
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
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Lin Z, Schaefer K, Lui I, Yao Z, Fossati A, Swaney DL, Palar A, Sali A, Wells JA. Multi-scale photocatalytic proximity labeling reveals cell surface neighbors on and between cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.28.564055. [PMID: 37961561 PMCID: PMC10634877 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.28.564055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The cell membrane proteome is the primary biohub for cell communication, yet we are only beginning to understand the dynamic protein neighborhoods that form on the cell surface and between cells. Proximity labeling proteomics (PLP) strategies using chemically reactive probes are powerful approaches to yield snapshots of protein neighborhoods but are currently limited to one single resolution based on the probe labeling radius. Here, we describe a multi-scale PLP method with tunable resolution using a commercially available histological dye, Eosin Y, which upon visible light illumination, activates three different photo-probes with labeling radii ranging from ∼100 to 3000 Å. We applied this platform to profile neighborhoods of the oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and orthogonally validated >20 neighbors using immuno-assays and AlphaFold-Multimer prediction that generated plausible binary interaction models. We further profiled the protein neighborhoods of cell-cell synapses induced by bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)T cells at longer length scales. This integrated multi-scale PLP platform maps local and distal protein networks on cell surfaces and between cells. We believe this information will aid in the systematic construction of the cell surface interactome and reveal new opportunities for immunotherapeutics.
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Zhang Y, Li N, Yang L, Jia W, Li Z, Shao Q, Zhan X. Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals molecular pathway network alterations in human early-stage primary hepatic carcinomas: potential for 3P medical approach. EPMA J 2023; 14:477-502. [PMID: 37605650 PMCID: PMC10439880 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-023-00335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Hepatic carcinoma is one of the most common types of malignant tumors in the digestive system, and its biological characteristics determine its high rate of metastasis and recurrence after radical resection, leading to a poor prognosis for patients. Increasing evidence demonstrates that phosphoproteins and phosphorylation-mediated molecular pathways influence the occurrence and development of hepatic carcinoma. It is urgent need to develop early-stage biomarkers for improving diagnosis, therapy, medical service, and prognostic assessment. We hypothesize that phosphoproteome and phosphorylation-mediated signaling pathway networks significantly differ in human early-stage primary hepatic carcinomas relative to control liver tissues, which will identify the key differentially phosphorylated proteins and phosphorylation-mediated signaling pathway network alterations in human early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma to innovate predictive diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and personalized medical services and progress beyond the state of the art in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). Methods Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics coupled with TiO2 enrichment of phosphopeptides was used to identify phosphorylation profiling, and bioinformatics was used to analyze the pathways and biological functions of phosphorylation profiling between early-stage hepatic carcinoma tissues and tumor-adjacent normal control tissues. Furthermore, the integrative analysis with transcriptomic data from TCGA database obtained differently expressed genes (DEGs) corresponding to differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) and overall survival (OS)-related DPPs. Results A total of 1326 phosphopeptides derived from 858 DPPs in human early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma were identified. KEGG pathway network analysis of 858 DPPs revealed 33 statistically significant signaling pathways, including spliceosome, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, B-cell receptor signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and fatty acid degradation. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of 858 DPPs revealed that protein phosphorylation was involved in 57 biological processes, 40 cellular components, and 37 molecular functions. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network constructed multiple high-combined scores and co-expressed DPPs. Integrative analysis of transcriptomic data and DPP data identified 105 overlapped molecules (DPPs; DEGs) between hepatic carcinoma tissues and control tissues and 125 OS-related DPPs. Overlapping Venn plots showed 14 common molecules among datasets of DPPs, DEGs, and OS-related DDPs, including FTCD, NDRG2, CCT2, PECR, SLC23A2, PNPLA7, ANLN, HNRNPM, HJURP, MCM2, STMN1, TCOF1, TOP2A, and SSRP1. The drug sensitivities of OS-related DPPs were identified, including LMOD1, CAV2, UBE2E2, RAPH1, ANXA5, HDLBP, CUEDC1, APBB1IP, VCL, SRSF10, SLC23A2, EPB41L2, ESR1, PLEKHA4, SAFB2, SMARCAD1, VCAN, PSD4, RDH16, NOP56, MEF2C, BAIAP2L2, NAGS, SRSF2, FHOD3, and STMN1. Conclusions Identification and annotation of phosphoproteomes and phosphorylation-mediated signaling pathways in human early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma tissues provided new directions for tumor prevention and treatment, which (i) helps to enrich phosphorylation functional research and develop new biomarkers; (ii) enriches phosphorylation-mediated signaling pathways to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma; and (iii) develops anti-tumor drugs that facilitate targeted phosphorylated sites. We recommend quantitative phosphoproteomics in early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma, which offers great promise for in-depth insight into the molecular mechanism of early-stage primary hepatic carcinoma, the discovery of effective therapeutic targets/drugs, and the construction of reliable phosphorylation-related biomarkers for patient stratification, predictive diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and personalized medical services in the framework of PPPM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-023-00335-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lamei Yang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenshuang Jia
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Shao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China
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Huang CY, Chen JK, Kuo WT. Glutamine induces remodeling of tight junctions in Caco-2 colorectal cancer cell. Med Oncol 2023; 40:32. [PMID: 36460896 PMCID: PMC9718866 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Malignant cells often exhibit significant metabolic alterations, including the utilization of different nutrients to meet energetic and biosynthetic demands. Recent studies have shown that glutamine can support primary colorectal tumor growth and also serve as an alternate energy source during distant metastasis under glucose-limited conditions. However, the overall effects of glutamine on cancer cell physiology are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated how glutamine impacts epithelial integrity in colorectal cancer cells under glucose deprivation. Human colorectal cancer (Caco-2) cells were grown to confluency in transwells and cultured in glucose/pyruvate-free DMEM with various glutamine concentrations (0-50 mM). Cell viability was assessed, and monolayer integrity was examined in terms of transepithelial resistance (TER) and paracellular permeability. Tight junction (TJ) component proteins were examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. A dose-dependent decrease in TER was observed in Caco-2 cells, but paracellular permeability was not affected after 24 h incubation with glutamine. At the same time, the TJ proteins, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and Claudin-1, showed lateral undulations and punctate staining patterns accompanied by enlargement of cellular and nuclear sizes. Furthermore, decreased protein levels of ZO-1, but not claudin-1, were found in detergent-insoluble cellular fractions. Notably, the decreased TER and alterations in TJ structure were not associated with cell viability changes. Moreover, the addition of glutamate, which is produced by the first step of glutamine catabolism, had no impact on TER. Our results suggested that the enteral glutamine may play an important role in the regulation of TJ dynamics in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ying Huang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd, South Dist, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Kai Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd, South Dist, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Park S, Avera AD, Kim Y. BIOMANUFACTURING OF GLIOBLASTOMA ORGANOIDS EXHIBITING HIERARCHICAL AND SPATIALLY ORGANIZED TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT VIA TRANSDIFFERENTIATION. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3252-3274. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.28191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungjo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabama
| | - Alexandra D. Avera
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabama
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabama
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Ram AK, Vairappan B. Role of zonula occludens in gastrointestinal and liver cancers. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:3647-3661. [PMID: 35647143 PMCID: PMC9100728 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i12.3647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that tight junction (TJ) proteins play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TJ proteins primarily maintain the epithelial and endothelial cells intact together through integral proteins however, recent reports suggest that they also regulate gene expression necessary for cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis through adapter proteins such as zonula occludens (ZO). ZO proteins are membrane-associated cytosolic scaffolding proteins that modulate cell proliferation by interacting with several transcription factors. Reduced ZO proteins in GI cancer and HCC are correlated with tumor development and poor prognosis. Pubmed has searched for using the keyword ZO and gastric cancer, ZO and cancer, and ZO and HCC for the last ten years to date. This review summarized the role of ZO proteins in cell proliferation and their expression in GI cancer and HCC. Furthermore, therapeutic interventions targeting ZO in GI and liver cancers are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Ram
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
| | - Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
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Lee YC, Tsai KW, Liao JB, Kuo WT, Chang YC, Yang YF. High expression of tight junction protein 1 as a predictive biomarker for bladder cancer grade and staging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1496. [PMID: 35087173 PMCID: PMC8795112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junction proteins 1-3 (TJP1-3) are components of tight junctions that can link transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton, and their incidence directly correlates to metastasis. However, the role of the TJP family in bladder cancer has not been adequately evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the genetic changes, mRNA and protein expressions of the target genes of the TJP family in bladder cancer patients using online database and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We found that TJP1 was amplified in bladder cancer tissue and that the protein expression levels were significantly associated with age (p = 0.03), grade (p = 0.007), and stage (p = 0.011). We also examined the correlation between TJP1 and other high-frequency mutation genes using TIMER. TJP1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with TTN and RYR3 mRNA levels in bladder cancer tissue. Taken together, TJP1 expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with bladder cancer and can be a useful predictive biomarker for bladder cancer staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Bin Liao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No. 386, Dajhong 1st Rd., Zuoying Dist., Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan.
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Pu J, Ai T, Weng W, Wang L, Yang Y, Ma L, Hu Z, Meng X. TJP1, a Membrane-Expressed Protein, is a Potential Therapeutic and Prognostic Target for Lung Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221106855. [PMID: 35767221 PMCID: PMC9273941 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in the world. It is necessary to develop effective biomarkers for diagnosis or prognostic treatment to improve the survival rate of patients. In this prospective study, we identified a membrane-expressed protein Tight Junction Protein 1 (TJP1), which is an ideal therapeutic target for lung cancer, and demonstrated its role in invasion, migration, and proliferation of lung cancer. Methods: High-throughput monoclonal antibody microarrays were used to screen for differential expression of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in lung cancer and normal lung tissue. Differentially expressed antibodies were used to immunoprecipitate their cellular targets to be identified by mass spectrometry. The identified target TJP1 was knocked down to observe the effect of reduced gene expression on lung cancer cell function. Immunohistochemistry on human tumor tissues and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to explore the relationship between TJP1 expression in multiple cancer types and patient prognosis. Results: The antibody CL007473 was overexpressed in tumor tissue and its target protein was identified by mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence as TJP1, a membrane-expressed protein. Knockdown of TJP1 in lung cancer cell lines showed that reduced expression of TJP1 could inhibit the invasion and migration of lung cancer cells and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, suggesting that membrane-expressed protein TJP1 may be used as a therapeutic target for lung cancer. TCGA database analysis showed that TJP1 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer (PAAD) tissues compared with normal tissues, and low expression was more beneficial to the prognosis and survival of PAAD patients. Conclusion: Membrane-expressed protein TJP1 may be a good therapeutic and prognostic target for lung cancer and has the potential to be a prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Pu
- School of Life Sciences, 12657Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Ai
- School of Life Sciences, 12657Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | - Yuan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, 12657Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | - Xun Meng
- School of Life Sciences, 12657Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Abmart, Shanghai, China
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12
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Li D, Feng Y, Tian M, Hu X, Zheng R, Chen F. Dietary Barley Leaf Mitigates Tumorigenesis in Experimental Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:3487. [PMID: 34684488 PMCID: PMC8537996 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaf (BL) is a popular functional food known to have potential health benefits; however, the effect of BL in colorectal cancer prevention has not been examined. Here, we examined the role of BL on the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis and defined the mechanism involved. BL supplementation could protect against weight loss, mitigate tumor formation, and diminish histologic damage in mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Moreover, BL suppressed colonic expression of inflammatory enzymes, while improving the mucosal barrier dysfunctions. The elevated levels of cell proliferation markers and the increased expression of genes involved in β-catenin signaling were also reduced by BL. In addition, analyses of microbiota revealed that BL prevented AOM/DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by promoting the enrichment of Bifidobacterium. Overall, these data suggest that BL is a promising dietary agent for preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daotong Li
- Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.F.); (M.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Yu Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.F.); (M.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Meiling Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.F.); (M.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.F.); (M.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Fang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.F.); (M.T.); (X.H.)
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13
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Kim M, Lee SW, Kim J, Shin Y, Chang F, Kim JM, Cong X, Yu GY, Park K. LPS-induced epithelial barrier disruption via hyperactivation of CACC and ENaC. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C448-C461. [PMID: 33471620 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00295.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increases the susceptibility of cells to pathogenic diseases, including inflammatory diseases and septic syndrome. In our experiments, we examined whether LPS induces epithelial barrier disruption in secretory epithelia and further investigated its underlying mechanism. The activities of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CACC) and epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC) were monitored with a short-circuit current using an Ussing chamber. Epithelial membrane integrity was estimated via transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability assays. We found that the apical application of LPS evoked short-circuit current (Isc) through the activation of CACC and ENaC. Although LPS disrupted epithelial barrier integrity, this was restored with the inhibition of CACC and ENaC, indicating the role of CACC and ENaC in the regulation of paracellular pathways. We confirmed that LPS, CACC, or ENaC activation evoked apical membrane depolarization. The exposure to a high-K+ buffer increased paracellular permeability. LPS induced the rapid redistribution of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and reduced the expression levels of ZO-1 in tight junctions through apical membrane depolarization and tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the LPS-induced epithelial barrier disruption and degradation of ZO-1 were largely recovered by blocking CACC and ENaC. Furthermore, although LPS-impaired epithelial barrier became vulnerable to secondary bacterial infections, this vulnerability was prevented by inhibiting CACC and ENaC. We concluded that LPS induces the disruption of epithelial barrier integrity through the activation of CACC and ENaC, resulting in apical membrane depolarization and the subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of ZO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junchul Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yonghwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fengjiao Chang
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kyungpyo Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Li M, Qi L, Xu JB, Zhong LY, Chan S, Chen SN, Shao XR, Zheng LY, Dong ZX, Fang TL, Mai ZY, Li J, Zheng Y, Zhang XD. Methylation of the Promoter Region of the Tight Junction Protein-1 by DNMT1 Induces EMT-like Features in Multiple Myeloma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:197-207. [PMID: 33251332 PMCID: PMC7666313 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecular alterations that initiate the development of multiple myeloma (MM) are not fully understood. Our results revealed that TJP1 was downregulated in MM and positively related to the overall survival of MM patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and patient samples. In parallel, cell adhesion capacity representing MM metastasis was decreased in MM patients compared with healthy samples, together with the significantly activated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcriptional-like patterns of MM cells. Further analyses demonstrated that TJP1 negatively regulated EMT and consequently positively regulated cell adhesion in MM from TCGA database and MM1s cells. Furthermore, the methylation level of each CpG site on the TJP1 promoter was negatively correlated with TJP1 expression levels. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays demonstrated that methylase DNMT1 regulated the methylation of TJP1. Finally, treatment with a combination of the MM clinical medicine bortezomib, methylation inhibitor, or TJP1 overexpression significantly suppressed the viability and progression of tumor cells of MM orthotopic models. In summary, our results indicate that DNMT1 promotes the methylation of TJP1 promoter, thereby decreasing its expression and regulating the development of EMT-inhibited MM cell adhesion. Therefore, methylation of TJP1 is a potential therapeutic agent to prevent the progression of MM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Corresponding author: Lin Qi, Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Jing-Bo Xu
- Department of Hematology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Li-Ye Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Szehoi Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shu-Na Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xin-Rong Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Li-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Tian-Liang Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Mai
- Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yongjiang Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Corresponding author: Yongjiang Zheng, Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Xing-Ding Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Corresponding author: Xing-Ding Zhang, Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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15
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Luo R, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Zhang W, Zhu Z, Liu H, Wang L, Zhong Z, Fu H, Jing B, Peng G. Bacillus subtilis HH2 ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis by modulating gut microbiota composition and improving intestinal barrier function in rabbit model. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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16
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Baicalin Is Curative Against Rotavirus Damp Heat Diarrhea by Tuning Colonic Mucosal Barrier and Lung Immune Function. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2234-2245. [PMID: 31802384 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated that rotavirus (RV) is a causative factor for diarrhea and gastroenteritis in pediatric and neonatal settings. Baicalin has many functions, including antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and antihypertensive activities. However, the immunological mechanism of RV-induced diarrhea with heat-dampness syndrome (RV-DH) remains unclear. AIMS The aim of this study is to explore the role of baicalin in RV-DH diarrhea and its underlying mechanism. METHODS A mouse model of pediatric RV-DH diarrhea was established and treated with baicalin. The concentrations of cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to detect the frequency of lymphocytes. RESULTS The concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, RVvb, and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and colonic mucosa were significantly increased in the RV-DH group. Decreased expression of occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) indicated loss of tight junction function and disturbances in intestinal mucosal permeability in the RV-DH group. Flow cytometry analysis showed a high rate of CD8+ lymphocytes and low amount of CD4+ lymphocytes in the RV-DH group. Treatment of RV-DH mice with baicalin significantly reduced the duration of diarrhea and ameliorated the symptoms and pathological and immunological changes. Furthermore, baicalin inhibited STAT1 and activated STAT3 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the curative and immunoregulatory properties of baicalin and have direct practical and clinical relevance for the treatment of RV-DH enteritis in humans.
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Liang J, Li H, Chen J, He L, Du X, Zhou L, Xiong Q, Lai X, Yang Y, Huang S, Hou S. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides alleviate colon tumorigenesis via restoring intestinal barrier function and enhancing anti-tumor immune response. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104417. [PMID: 31473343 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Intact epithelial barrier and mucosal immune system are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Previous study indicated that Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOPS) can regulate immune responses and inflammation to alleviate experimental colitis. However, it remains largely unknown whether DOPS can suppress AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) model through its direct impact on intestinal barrier function and intestinal mucosal immunity. Here, we demonstrated the therapeutic action of DOPS for CRC model and further illustrated its underlying mechanisms. Treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and DOPS significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of chronic colitis, relieve colon damage, suppress the formation and growth of colon tumor in CRC mice. Moreover, administration of DOPS effectively preserved the intestinal barrier function via reducing the loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in adjacent tissues and carcinomatous tissues. Further studies demonstrated that DOPS improved the metabolic ability of tumor infiltrated CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and reduced the expression of PD-1 on CTLs to enhance the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironments (TME). Together, the conclusions indicated that DOPS restore intestinal barrier function and enhance intestinal anti-tumor immune response to suppress CRC, which may be a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hailun Li
- Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lian He
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, PR China
| | - Xianhua Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
| | - Song Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Shaozhen Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China.
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Abdala-Valencia H, Kountz TS, Marchese ME, Cook-Mills JM. VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulate ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduces ZO-1 localization at lung endothelial cell junctions. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:215-228. [PMID: 29889984 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ma1117-427rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell VCAM-1 regulates recruitment of lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, or dendritic cells during allergic inflammation. In this report, we demonstrated that, during allergic lung responses, there was reduced zonula occludens (ZO)-1 localization in lung endothelial cell junctions, whereas there was increased lung endothelial cell expression of VCAM-1, N-cadherin, and angiomotin. In vitro, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 reduced ZO-1 in endothelial cell junctions. Using primary human endothelial cells and mouse endothelial cell lines, Ab crosslinking of VCAM-1 increased serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and induced dissociation of ZO-1 from endothelial cell junctions, demonstrating that VCAM-1 regulates ZO-1. Moreover, VCAM-1 induction of ZO-1 phosphorylation and loss of ZO-1 localization at cell junctions was blocked by inhibition of VCAM-1 intracellular signals that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration, including NOX2, PKCα, and PTP1B. Furthermore, exogenous addition of the VCAM-1 signaling intermediate H2 O2 (1 μM) stimulated PKCα-dependent and PTP1B-dependent serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and loss of ZO-1 from junctions. Overexpression of ZO-1 blocked leukocyte transendothelial migration. In summary, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulated ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduced ZO-1 localization at endothelial cell junctions during leukocyte transendothelial migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Timothy S Kountz
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michelle E Marchese
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joan M Cook-Mills
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Sharma M, Shukla G. Metabiotics: One Step ahead of Probiotics; an Insight into Mechanisms Involved in Anticancerous Effect in Colorectal Cancer. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1940. [PMID: 27994577 PMCID: PMC5133260 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is closely associated with environment, diet and lifestyle. Normally it is treated with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy but increasing systemic toxicity, resistance and recurrence is prompting scientists to devise new potent and safer alternate prophylactic or therapeutic strategies. Among these, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and metabiotics are being considered as the promising candidates. Metabiotics or probiotic derived factors can optimize various physiological functions of the host and offer an additional advantage to be utilized even in immunosuppressed individuals. Interestingly, anti colon cancer potential of probiotic strains has been attributable to metabiotics that have epigenetic, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, apoptotic, and antimetastatic effects. Thus, it's time to move one step further to utilize metabiotics more smartly by avoiding the risks associated with probiotics even in certain normal/or immuno compromised host. Here, an attempt is made to provide insight into the adverse effects associated with probiotics and beneficial aspects of metabiotics with main emphasis on the modulatory mechanisms involved in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Geeta Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
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Gonzalez-Mariscal L, Miranda J, Ortega-Olvera JM, Gallego-Gutierrez H, Raya-Sandino A, Vargas-Sierra O. Zonula Occludens Proteins in Cancer. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-016-0109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Zhang XD, Baladandayuthapani V, Lin H, Mulligan G, Li B, Esseltine DLW, Qi L, Xu J, Hunziker W, Barlogie B, Usmani SZ, Zhang Q, Crowley J, Hoering A, Shah JJ, Weber DM, Manasanch EE, Thomas SK, Li BZ, Wang HH, Zhang J, Kuiatse I, Tang JL, Wang H, He J, Yang J, Milan E, Cenci S, Ma WC, Wang ZQ, Davis RE, Yang L, Orlowski RZ. Tight Junction Protein 1 Modulates Proteasome Capacity and Proteasome Inhibitor Sensitivity in Multiple Myeloma via EGFR/JAK1/STAT3 Signaling. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:639-652. [PMID: 27132469 PMCID: PMC4983190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors have revolutionized outcomes in multiple myeloma, but they are used empirically, and primary and secondary resistance are emerging problems. We have identified TJP1 as a determinant of plasma cell proteasome inhibitor susceptibility. TJP1 suppressed expression of the catalytically active immunoproteasome subunits LMP7 and LMP2, decreased proteasome activity, and enhanced proteasome inhibitor sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. This occurred through TJP1-mediated suppression of EGFR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling, which modulated LMP7 and LMP2 levels. In the clinic, high TJP1 expression in patient myeloma cells was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of responding to bortezomib and a longer response duration, supporting the use of TJP1 as a biomarker to identify patients most likely to benefit from proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ding Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | | | - Heather Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George Mulligan
- Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Lin Qi
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jianliang Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Walter Hunziker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bart Barlogie
- Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Hematologic Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Department of Hematologic Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - John Crowley
- Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Antje Hoering
- Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jatin J Shah
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna M Weber
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elisabet E Manasanch
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sheeba K Thomas
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bing-Zong Li
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui-Han Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Isere Kuiatse
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin-Le Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin He
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Enrico Milan
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Simone Cenci
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Wen-Cai Ma
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard Eric Davis
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Lee SH, Paek AR, Yoon K, Kim SH, Lee SY, You HJ. Tight junction protein 1 is regulated by transforming growth factor-β and contributes to cell motility in NSCLC cells. BMB Rep 2015; 48:115-20. [PMID: 25027596 PMCID: PMC4352613 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.2.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), a component of tight junction, has been reported to play a role in protein networks as an adaptor protein, and TJP1 expression is altered during tumor development. Here, we found that TJP1 expression was increased at the RNA and protein levels in TGF-β-stimulated lung cancer cells, A549. SB431542, a type-I TGF-β receptor inhibitor, as well as SB203580, a p38 kinase inhibitor, significantly abrogated the effect of TGF-β on TJP1 expression. Diphenyleneiodonium, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, also attenuated TJP1 expression in response to TGF-β in lung cancer cells. When TJP1 expression was reduced by shRNA lentiviral particles in A549 cells (A549-sh TJP1), wound healing was much lower than in cells infected with control viral particles. Taken together, these data suggest that TGF-β enhances TJP1 expression, which may play a role beyond structural support in tight junctions during cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Lee
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, Div. of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769; Division of Molecular Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A Rome Paek
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, Div. of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Korea
| | - Kyungsil Yoon
- Lung Cancer Branch, Div. of Translational and Clinical Research I, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, Div. of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Division of Molecular Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Hye Jin You
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, Div. of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Korea
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Ramirez-Garcia SA, Flores-Alvarado LJ, Topete-González LR, Charles-Niño C, Mazariegos-Rubi M, Dávalos-Rodríguez NO. [High frequency of ancestral allele of the TJP1 polymorphism rs2291166 in Mexican population, conformational effect and applications in surgery and medicine]. CIR CIR 2015; 84:28-36. [PMID: 26259745 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TJP1 gene encodes a ZO-1 protein that is required for the recruitment of occludins and claudins in tight junction, and is involved in cell polarisation. It has different variations, the frequency of which has been studied in different populations. In Mexico there are no studies of this gene. These are required because their polymorphisms can be used in studies associated with medicine and surgery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of alleles and genotypes of rs2291166 gene polymorphism TJP1 in Mexico Mestizos population, and to estimate the conformational effect of an amino acid change. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 473 individuals were included. The rs2291166 polymorphism was identified PASA PCR-7% PAGE, and stained with silver nitrate. The conformational effect of amino acid change was performed in silico, and was carried out with servers ProtPraram Tool and Search Database with Fasta. RESULTS The most frequent allele in the two populations is the ancestral allele (T). A genotype distribution similar to other populations was found. The polymorphism is in Hardy-Weinberg, p>0.05. Changing aspartate to alanine produced a conformational change. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals a high frequency of the ancestral allele at rs2291166 polymorphism in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alberto Ramirez-Garcia
- Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Instituto de Investigaciones sobre la Salud Pública, Sistema de Universidades Estatales de Oaxaca (SUNEO), Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oaxaca, México
| | | | - Luz Rosalba Topete-González
- Laboratorio de Patología Clínica, Hospital Regional Valentín Gómez Farías, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los trabajadores del Estado, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Claudia Charles-Niño
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Manuel Mazariegos-Rubi
- Laboratorio de Variación Genética y Enfermedad del Instituto de Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Nory Omayra Dávalos-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Variación Genética y Enfermedad del Instituto de Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Benemérita Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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Gehren AS, Rocha MR, de Souza WF, Morgado-Díaz JA. Alterations of the apical junctional complex and actin cytoskeleton and their role in colorectal cancer progression. Tissue Barriers 2015; 3:e1017688. [PMID: 26451338 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1017688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents the fourth highest mortality rate among cancer types worldwide. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate their progression can prevents or reduces mortality due to this disease. Epithelial cells present an apical junctional complex connected to the actin cytoskeleton, which maintains the dynamic properties of this complex, tissue architecture and cell homeostasis. Several studies have indicated that apical junctional complex alterations and actin cytoskeleton disorganization play a critical role in epithelial cancer progression. However, few studies have examined the existence of an interrelation between these 2 components, particularly in colorectal cancer. This review discusses the recent progress toward elucidating the role of alterations of apical junctional complex constituents and of modifications of actin cytoskeleton organization and discusses how these events are interlinked to modulate cellular responses related to colorectal cancer progression toward successful metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sartorio Gehren
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Murilo Ramos Rocha
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - José Andrés Morgado-Díaz
- Program of Cellular Biology; Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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25
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Park Y, Ryu YM, Jung Y, Wang T, Baek Y, Yoon Y, Bae SM, Park J, Hwang S, Kim J, Do EJ, Kim SY, Chung E, Kim KH, Kim S, Myung SJ. Spraying quantum dot conjugates in the colon of live animals enabled rapid and multiplex cancer diagnosis using endoscopy. ACS NANO 2014; 8:8896-910. [PMID: 25188899 DOI: 10.1021/nn5009269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The detection of colon cancer using endoscopy is widely used, but the interpretation of the diagnosis is based on the clinician's naked eye. This is subjective and can lead to false detection. Here we developed a rapid and accurate molecular fluorescence imaging technique using antibody-coated quantum dots (Ab-QDs) sprayed and washed simultaneously on colon tumor tissues inside live animals, subsequently excited and imaged by endoscopy. QDs were conjugated to matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9, MMP 14, or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Abs with zwitterionic surface coating to reduce nonspecific bindings. The Ab-QD probes can diagnose tumors on sectioned mouse tissues, fresh mouse colons stained ex vivo and also in vivo as well as fresh human colon adenoma tissues in 30 min and can be imaged with a depth of 100 μm. The probes successfully detected not only cancers that are readily discernible by bare eyes but also hyperplasia and adenoma regions. Sum and cross signal operations provided postprocessed images that can show complementary information or regions of high priority. This multiplexed quantum dot, spray-and-wash, and endoscopy approach provides a significant advantage for detecting small or flat tumors that may be missed by conventional endoscopic examinations and bestows a strategy for the improvement of cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngrong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , San 31, Hyojadong, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
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26
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Holczbauer Á, Gyöngyösi B, Lotz G, Szijártó A, Kupcsulik P, Schaff Z, Kiss A. Distinct claudin expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic colorectal and pancreatic carcinomas. J Histochem Cytochem 2013; 61:294-305. [PMID: 23385421 PMCID: PMC3636686 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413479123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junction proteins, including claudins, are often dysregulated during carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Moreover, the claudin expression pattern usually varies between different tumor entities. We aimed to investigate claudin expression profiles of primary and metastatic liver malignancies. We analyzed claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, and -7 expression by quantitative immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Twenty hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and liver metastases of 20 colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRLMs) and 15 pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PLMs) were studied together with paired surrounding non-tumorous liver samples and 5 normal liver samples. Strong claudin-3 and -7 immunohistochemical positivities were detected in CRLM samples, each with significantly stronger staining when compared with HCC and PLM groups. Claudin-1 protein was found highly expressed in CRLM, in contrast to lower expression in PLM and HCC. CRLMs and PLMs also were strongly positive for claudin-4, while being virtually undetectable in HCC. Claudin-2 showed strong positivity in non-tumorous liver tissue, whereas significantly weaker positivity was observed in all tumors. Differences in mRNA expression were mostly similar to those found by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, HCC and both CRLM and PLM display distinct claudin expression profiles, which might provide better understanding of the pathobiology of these lesions and might be used for differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Holczbauer
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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JING PENG, ZOU JIAQIONG, ZHANG JUN, JIANG XINGLIANG. ΔNp63 promotes UM-UC-3 cell invasiveness and migration through claudin-1 in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1026-30. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Regulation of Tight Junctions for Therapeutic Advantages. CANCER METASTASIS - BIOLOGY AND TREATMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6028-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Escamilla J, Lane MA, Maitin V. Cell-free supernatants from probiotic Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG decrease colon cancer cell invasion in vitro. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:871-8. [PMID: 22830611 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.700758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to have a preventative role in colorectal carcinogenesis but research concerning their prophylactic potential in the later stages of colorectal cancer, specifically metastasis is limited. This study explored the potential of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from 2 probiotic Lactobacillus sp., Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, to inhibit colon cancer cell invasion by influencing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and levels of the tight junction protein zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) in cultured metastatic human colorectal carcinoma cells. HCT-116 cells were treated with CFS from L. casei, L. rhamnosus, or Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (a gut commensal); or with uninoculated bacterial growth media. Treatment with CFS from both Lactobacillus sp. decreased colorectal cell invasion but treatment with CFS from B. thetaiotaomicron did not. CFS from both Lactobacillus sp. decreased MMP-9 and increased ZO-1 protein levels. L. rhamnosus CFS also lowered MMP-9 activity. To begin elucidating the secreted bacterial factor conveying these responses, Lactobacillus sp. CFS were fractionated into defined molecular weight ranges and cell invasion assessed. Fractionation revealed that the inhibitory activity was contained primarily in the >100 kDa and 50-100 kDa fractions, suggesting the inhibitory compound may be a macromolecule such as a protein, nucleic acid, or a polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanita Escamilla
- School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Nutrition and Foods Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
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30
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Stecker K, Vieth M, Koschel A, Wiedenmann B, Röcken C, Anders M. Impact of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of colon cancer. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1426-33. [PMID: 21468049 PMCID: PMC3101933 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) has been suggested to function as a tumour suppressor. Its impact on the adenoma–carcinoma sequence of the colon, however, is unclear. Methods: Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor was analysed in non-cancerous and neoplastic colon samples using immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT–PCR. The function of CAR in colon cancer cell lines was determined following application of CAR siRNA or ectopic expression of a human full-length CAR cDNA. Results: Compared with healthy mucosa, increased CAR-mRNA expression was found in adenomas, whereas primary cancers and metastases displayed a marked decline. At the plasma membrane, CAR was present in normal mucosa samples (93%), adenomas, and metastases (100% ea.), whereas in colon cancers, it was found less frequently (49%, P<0.0001). Cytoplasmic CAR immunopositivity increased from normal mucosa (22%), to adenomas (73%, P=0.0006), primary cancers (83%, P<0.0001), and metastases (67%, P=0.0019). In cancer cell lines, CAR inhibition resulted in increased proliferation, whereas enforced ectopic CAR expression led to opposite results. Blocking the extracellular portion of CAR increased cell invasion in vitro. In mice, xenotransplants of colon cancer cells with enforced CAR expression formed significantly smaller tumours, whereas CAR inhibition increased the formation of liver metastases. Conclusion: We conclude that CAR facilitates complex effects during colon carcinogenesis, potentially mediated by its stage-dependent subcellular distribution; high CAR expression potentially prevents apoptosis in adenomas, loss of CAR at the plasma membrane promotes growth, and dissemination of primary cancers, and high membranous CAR presence may support the establishment of distant metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stecker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité Medical School, Campus Virchow, Augustenburgerplatz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany
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Claudin 1 in breast tumorigenesis: revelation of a possible novel "claudin high" subset of breast cancers. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:956897. [PMID: 20490282 PMCID: PMC2871677 DOI: 10.1155/2010/956897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins are the major component of the tight junctions in epithelial cells and as such play a key role in the polarized location of ion channels, receptors, and enzymes to the different membrane domains. In that regard, claudins are necessary for the harmonious development of a functional epithelium. Moreover, defective tight junctions have been associated with the development of neoplastic phenotype in epithelial cells. Breakdown of cell-cell interactions and deregulation of the expression of junctional proteins are therefore believed to be key steps in invasion and metastasis. Several studies suggest that the claudins are major participants in breast tumorigenesis. In this paper, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the potential role of claudin 1 in breast cancer. We also discuss the significance of a subset of estrogen receptor negative breast cancers which express “high” levels of the claudin 1 protein. We propose that claudin 1 functions both as a tumor suppressor as well as a tumor enhancer/facilitator in breast cancer.
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Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) is a critical cellular component for maintenance of tissue integrity, cellular interactions and cell-cell communications, and physiologically functions as the “great wall” against external agents and the surrounding hostile environment. During the host-pathogen evolution, viruses somehow found the key to unlock the gate for their entry into cells and to exploit and exhaust the host cells. In the liver, an array of TJ molecules is localized along the bile canaliculi forming the blood-biliary barrier, where they play pivotal roles in paracellular permeability, bile secretion, and cell polarity. In pathology, certain hepatic TJ molecules mediate virus entry causing hepatitis infection; deregulation and functional abnormality of the TJ have also been implicated in triggering liver cancer development and metastasis. All these findings shed new insights on the understanding of hepatic TJs in the development of liver disease and provide new clues for potential intervention.
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Tight junctions: a barrier to the initiation and progression of breast cancer? J Biomed Biotechnol 2009; 2010:460607. [PMID: 19920867 PMCID: PMC2777242 DOI: 10.1155/2010/460607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that arises from epithelial cells lining the breast ducts and lobules. Correct adhesion between adjacent epithelial cells is important in determining the normal structure and function of epithelial tissues, and there is accumulating evidence that dysregulated cell-cell adhesion is associated with many cancers. This review will focus on one cell-cell adhesion complex, the tight junction (TJ), and summarize recent evidence that TJs may participate in breast cancer development or progression. We will first outline the protein composition of TJs and discuss the functions of the TJ complex. Secondly we will examine how alterations in these functions might facilitate breast cancer initiation or progression; by focussing on the regulatory influence of TJs on cell polarity, cell fate and cell migration. Finally we will outline how pharmacological targeting of TJ proteins may be useful in limiting breast cancer progression. Overall we hope to illustrate that the relationship between TJ alterations and breast cancer is a complex one; but that this area offers promise in uncovering fundamental mechanisms linked to breast cancer progression.
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Blanchard AA, Skliris GP, Watson PH, Murphy LC, Penner C, Tomes L, Young TL, Leygue E, Myal Y. Claudins 1, 3, and 4 protein expression in ER negative breast cancer correlates with markers of the basal phenotype. Virchows Arch 2009; 454:647-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-009-0770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Martin TA, Jiang WG. Loss of tight junction barrier function and its role in cancer metastasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:872-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wells A, Yates C, Shepard CR. E-cadherin as an indicator of mesenchymal to epithelial reverting transitions during the metastatic seeding of disseminated carcinomas. Clin Exp Metastasis 2008; 25:621-8. [PMID: 18600305 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-008-9167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis follows a sequential series of events, and many of the critical steps are distinctly similar to EMT-like transformations that occur during normal embryonic development. A current area of focus is the similarities between how cancer cells interact with the ectopic parenchyma after metastatic spread, and secondary developmental MET events that occur in epithelial tissues that have re-assembled within the embryo from mesenchymal cells. Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role for these secondary events, termed mesenchymal-epithelial transitions (MET) in development and mesenchymal-epithelial reverting transitions (MErT) in cancer. In this situation, metastatic seed cancer cells may inertly become part of the ectopic tissue and therefore surmount the metastatic inefficiencies to which most disseminated cancer cells succumb. Just as a critical EMT event is the downregulation or silencing of E-cadherin, we discuss the role of E-cadherin in cancer-associated MErT at distant metastatic sites and speculate on the implications for the fate of micrometastases that undergo a transition to being E-cadherin positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh VA Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace St., Scaife Hall, S-713, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Saito K, Enya K, Oneyama C, Hikita T, Okada M. Proteomic identification of ZO-1/2 as a novel scaffold for Src/Csk regulatory circuit. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 366:969-75. [PMID: 18086565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of cell transformation induced by c-Src tyrosine kinase, we performed a proteomic analysis of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins that interact with c-Src and/or its negative regulator Csk. The c-Src interacting proteins were affinity-purified from Src transformed cells using the Src SH2 domain as a ligand. LC-MS/MS analysis of the purified proteins identified general Src substrates, such as focal adhesion kinase and paxillin, and ZO-1/2 as a transformation-dependent Src target. The Csk binding proteins were analyzed by a tandem affinity purification method. In addition to the previously identified Csk binding proteins, including Cbp/PAG, paxillin, and caveolin-1, we found that ZO-1/2 could also serve as a major Csk binding protein. ZO-2 was phosphorylated concurrently with Src transformation and specifically bound to Csk in a Csk SH2 dependent manner. These results suggest novel roles for ZO proteins as Src/Csk scaffolds potentially involved in the regulation of Src transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunobu Saito
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Crosstalk of tight junction components with signaling pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2007; 1778:729-56. [PMID: 17950242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) regulate the passage of ions and molecules through the paracellular pathway in epithelial and endothelial cells. TJs are highly dynamic structures whose degree of sealing varies according to external stimuli, physiological and pathological conditions. In this review we analyze how the crosstalk of protein kinase C, protein kinase A, myosin light chain kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Rho signaling pathways is involved in TJ regulation triggered by diverse stimuli. We also report how the phosphorylation of the main TJ components, claudins, occludin and ZO proteins, impacts epithelial and endothelial cell function.
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González-Mariscal L, Lechuga S, Garay E. Role of tight junctions in cell proliferation and cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 42:1-57. [PMID: 17502225 DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2007.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The acquisition of a cancerous phenotype by epithelial cells involves the disruption of intercellular adhesions. The reorganization of the E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex in adherens junctions during cell transformation is widely recognized. Instead the implication of tight junctions (TJs) in this process is starting to be unraveled. The aim of this article is to review the role of TJ proteins in cell proliferation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, México, DF 07360, México.
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Resnick MB, Gavilanez M, Newton E, Konkin T, Bhattacharya B, Britt DE, Sabo E, Moss SF. Claudin expression in gastric adenocarcinomas: a tissue microarray study with prognostic correlation. Hum Pathol 2005; 36:886-92. [PMID: 16112005 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2005.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2005] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The claudins comprise a multigene family of integral membrane proteins, which play a major role in tight junction formation. Aberrations in the expression of certain claudins have been described in a number of malignancies. Our aims were to determine the expression pattern of claudins 1, 3, and 4 as well as ZO-1 in a large series of US patients with gastric cancer and to correlate expression with clinicopathologic and prognostic variables. Tissue microarrays were created from paraffinized samples from 146 patients with distal gastric adenocarcinomas (61 intestinal and 85 diffuse or mixed subtypes). In addition, cores of normal mucosa and intestinal metaplasia were taken from most cases. The microarrays were stained for claudins 1, 3, and 4 and ZO-1, and the intensity of staining was determined using a 3-point scale. Moderate claudin 1 and ZO-1 membranous staining were present, whereas only focal weak claudin 3 and 4 membranous staining was present in normal gastric epithelium. Moderate to strong staining of claudins 1, 3, 4, and ZO-1 was detected in 74%, 48%, 62%, and 74% of the intestinal but in only 46%, 24%, 45%, and 36% of the diffuse subtype of adenocarcinomas (P < .05). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that tumor stage, diffuse subtype, and moderate to strong claudin 4 staining were associated with decreased survival (P < .02). In conclusion, claudins 1, 3, and 4 and ZO-1 are strongly expressed in most gastric intestinal-type adenocarcinomas but less frequently in diffuse gastric cancers. The up-regulation of claudin expression during gastric carcinogenesis suggests their potential utility as diagnostic biomarkers and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray B Resnick
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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Zhang J, Mruk DD, Cheng CY. Myotubularin phosphoinositide phosphatases, protein phosphatases, and kinases: their roles in junction dynamics and spermatogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2005; 204:470-83. [PMID: 15690393 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis in the seminiferous epithelium of the mammalian testis is a dynamic cellular event. It involves extensive restructuring at the Sertoli-germ cell interface, permitting germ cells to traverse the epithelium from basal to adluminal compartment. As such, Sertoli-germ cell actin-based adherens junctions (AJ), such as ectoplasmic specializations (ES), must disassemble and reassemble to facilitate this event. Recent studies have shown that AJ dynamics are regulated by intricate interactions between AJ integral membrane proteins (e.g., cadherins, alpha6beta1 integrins and nectins), phosphatases, kinases, adaptors, and the underlying cytoskeleton network. For instance, the myotubularin (MTM) phosphoinositide (PI) phosphatases, such as MTM related protein 2 (MTMR2), can form a functional complex with c-Src (a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase). In turn, this phosphatase/kinase complex associates with beta-catenin, a constituent of the N-cadherin/beta-catenin functional unit at the AJ site. This MTMR2-c-Src-beta-catenin complex apparently regulates the phosphorylation status of beta-catenin, which determines cell adhesive function conferred by the cadherin-catenin protein complex in the seminiferous epithelium. In this review, we discuss the current status of research on selected phosphatases and kinases, and how these proteins potentially interact with adaptors at AJ in the seminiferous epithelium to regulate cell adhesion in the testis. Specific research areas that are open for further investigation are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Population Council, Center for Biomedical Research, New York, New York, USA
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Smalley KSM, Brafford P, Haass NK, Brandner JM, Brown E, Herlyn M. Up-regulated expression of zonula occludens protein-1 in human melanoma associates with N-cadherin and contributes to invasion and adhesion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2005; 166:1541-54. [PMID: 15855653 PMCID: PMC1606406 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During the process of malignant transformation, nascent melanoma cells escape keratinocyte control through down-regulation of E-cadherin and instead communicate among themselves and with fibroblasts via N-cadherin-based cell-cell contacts. The zonula occludens (ZO) protein-1 is a membrane-associated component of both the tight and adherens junctions found at sites of cell-cell contact. In most cancers, levels of ZO-1 are typically down-regulated, leading to increased motility. Here we report the novel observation that ZO-1 expression is up-regulated in melanoma cells and is located at adherens junctions between melanoma cells and fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation studies showed co-localization of ZO-1 with N-cadherin. Down-regulation of ZO-1 in melanoma cells through RNA interference produced marked changes in cell morphology--leading to a less-dendritic, more rounded phenotype. Consistent with a role in N-cadherin-based adhesion, RNAi-treated melanoma cells were less adherent and invasive when grown in a collagen gel. These data provide the first evidence that increased ZO-1 expression in melanoma contributes to the oncogenic behavior of this tumor and further illustrate that protein products of genes, such as ZO-1, can function in either a pro- or anti-oncogenic manner when expressed in different cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiran S M Smalley
- Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Resnick MB, Konkin T, Routhier J, Sabo E, Pricolo VE. Claudin-1 is a strong prognostic indicator in stage II colonic cancer: a tissue microarray study. Mod Pathol 2005; 18:511-8. [PMID: 15475928 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction associated proteins are key molecular components governing cellular adhesion, polarity and glandular differentiation. Tight junction proteins also play critical roles in cellular proliferation and neoplastic pathways via their functions as couplers of the extracellular milieu to intracellular signaling pathways and the cytoskeleton. Neoplastic cells frequently exhibit structural and functional deficiencies in the tight junction. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of expression and prognostic value of four tight junction associated proteins, claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin and ZO-1 in a cohort of TNM stage II colon cancer using tissue microarray technology. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed, resected and otherwise untreated paraffin embedded specimens from 129 consecutive patients with TNM stage II colonic carcinomas for claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin and ZO-1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Seventy-five, 58, 56 and 44% of the tumors exhibited normal to elevated expression levels (+2 and +3 immunopositivity) of claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin and ZO-1 respectively. Low expression levels of claudin-1 and ZO-1 were directly associated with higher tumor grade (P=0.05 and 0.03 respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that lymphovascular invasion (P=0.01) and low levels of claudin-1 (P=0.0001) expression were independent predictors of recurrence and that reduced claudin-1 expression (P=0.0001) was associated with poor survival. This study is the first to comprehensively examine the expression of several tight junction associated proteins in colonic neoplasms and to correlate their expression with disease progression. Loss of claudin-1 expression proved to be a strong predictor of disease recurrence and poor patient survival in stage II colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray B Resnick
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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