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A New Indicator to Differentiate Thyroid Follicular Inclusions in Cervical Lymph Nodes from Patients with Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010490. [PMID: 36613940 PMCID: PMC9820803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nodal metastasis is crucial for determining the stage of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WTC) in patients older than 55. Well-formed thyroid follicular inclusions (TFIs) are occasionally encountered in the cervical lymph nodes (LNs) of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and it is difficult to determine whether they are true nodal metastases or ectopic thyroid tissues (ETT). This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the expression of the DNA damage response molecule TP53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) using immunofluorescence (IF) as a biomarker to differentiate TFIs in cervical LN by comparing the mutation analyses of primary thyroid cancers. The data demonstrated the necessity for the differential diagnosis of true metastases from ETT among TFIs in cervical LNs. PTC-like nuclear features using hematoxylin-eosin staining combined with immunohistochemistry for conventional biomarkers of PTC, including BRAFV600E protein, were most helpful in identifying metastatic follicular-patterned carcinomas. In conclusion, IF analysis of 53BP1 expression could be an excellent ancillary technique to distinguish metastatic carcinoma or ETT from TFIs in LNs, particularly in cases other than BRAFV600E-mutated PTC.
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Molecular Pathological Characteristics of Thyroid Follicular-Patterned Tumors Showing Nodule-in-Nodule Appearance with Poorly Differentiated Component. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153577. [PMID: 35892838 PMCID: PMC9331311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid follicular-patterned tumors (TFTs) showing nodule-in-nodule (NN) appearance with poorly differentiated component (PDc) but neither invasion nor metastasis are diagnosed as benign nodules. Although PDc exhibits histologically aggressive features relative to the outer nodule (Out-N), its pathological significance remains unclear. TP53 binding protein-1 (53BP1) is a DNA damage response (DDR) molecule that rapidly localizes at DNA double-strand breaks. Using dual-color immunofluorescence with Ki-67, the profile of 53BP1 expression is shown to be significantly altered during diverse tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the malignant potential of PDc at the molecular level. We analyzed the profile of 53BP1 expression and NRAS codon 61 and TERT-promoter (TERT-p) mutations in 16 cases of TFTs showing NN with PDc compared to 30 adenomatous goiters, 31 follicular adenomas, 15 minimally invasive follicular carcinomas (FCs), and 11 widely invasive FC cases. Our results revealed that the expression level of abnormal type 53BP1 and incidence of NRAS and TERT-p mutations in PDc were comparable to FCs, suggesting a malignant potential. Because co-expression of 53BP1 and Ki-67 can be an indicator of altered DDR, the development of PDc in NN may be associated with DDR impairments after harboring NRAS and TERT-p mutations.
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Discovery of a novel 53BP1 inhibitor through AlphaScreen-based high-throughput screening. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 34:116054. [PMID: 33571875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1), a tantem tudor domain (TTD) protein, takes part in DNA Damage Repair (DDR) pathways through the specific recognition of lysine methylation on histones. The dysregulation of 53BP1 is closely related to the development of many diseases including cancer. Moreover, recent studies found that deficiency of 53BP1 could increase the efficiency of precise CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Thus, discovery of inhibitor is beneficial to the study of biological functions of 53BP1 and the application of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. UNC2170 and its derivatives have been reported as 53BP1 targeted small molecular inhibitors with modest activities. Hence, to discover better 53BP1 inhibitors, we conducted an AlphaScreen assay based high-throughput screening (HTS) and identified a novel and effective 53BP1-TTD inhibitor DP308 which disrupts the binding between 53BP1 and H4K20me2 peptide with an IC50 value of 1.69 ± 0.73 μM. Both Microscale Themophoresis (MST) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) assays confirmed the direct binding between DP308 and 53BP1-TTD protein with binding affinity (Kd) of about 2.7 μM. Molecular docking studies further suggested that DP308 possibly occupies the H4K20me2 binding pocket of the 53BP1-TTD aromatic cage. These results demonstrated that DP308 is a promising small molecule inhibitor for further optimization towards a more potent chemical probe of 53BP1. Additionally, it could be a potential valuable tool for applying to gene editing therapy by increasing the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
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Sato A, Matsuda K, Motoyama T, Mussazhanova Z, Otsubo R, Kondo H, Akazawa Y, Higuchi M, Suzuki A, Hirokawa M, Miyauchi A, Nagayasu T, Nakashima M. 53BP1 expression as a biomarker to differentiate thyroid follicular tumors. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:309-315. [PMID: 33617469 PMCID: PMC8052578 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that the expression of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) in nuclear foci (NF), a marker reflecting DNA damage response (DDR), detected using immunofluorescence (IF) is useful to estimate the malignant potency of diverse cancers. In this prospective study, we clarified the impact of 53BP1 expression via IF as a biomarker to differentiate thyroid follicular tumors (FTs) with liquid-based cytology (LBC). A total of 183 consecutively obtained-LBC samples, which were preoperatively suspected as FTs, were analyzed. Before histological diagnosis, the type of 53BP1 immunoreactivity in LBC was classified as follows: low DDR type, one or two NF; high DDR type, three or more NF; large foci type, larger than 1.0 μm; abnormal type, intense nuclear staining. Among the 183 cases, 136 cases were postoperatively diagnosed as FTs, including adenomatous goiter (AG, n = 30), follicular adenoma (FA, n = 60), FT-uncertain malignant potency (FT-UMP, n = 18), and follicular carcinoma (FC, n = 28), and 47 cases were diagnosed as tumors other than FTs or technically inadequate materials. Total 136 FT cases were collated with the type of 53BP1 immunoreactivity in LBC. The mean incidence expressing abnormal 53BP1 expression was significantly higher in FC than FA (9.5% vs 2.6%, P-value < 0.001). When adopting 4.3% as a cut-off value to distinguish FC from FA, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 89.3, 83.3, 71.4, and 94.3%, respectively. Therefore, IF analysis of 53BP1 expression can be employed as a novel technique to diagnose FTs and to distinguish between different types of FTs using LBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Sato
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Motoyama
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty City, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ryota Otsubo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- Biostatics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Akazawa
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miyoko Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ayana Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Miyauchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Nakashima:
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Luong TMH, Matsuda K, Niino D, Kurohama H, Ito M, Nakashima M. Significance of abnormal 53BP1 expression as a novel molecular pathologic parameter of follicular-shaped B-cell lymphoid lesions in human digestive tract. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3074. [PMID: 33542453 PMCID: PMC7862599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The digestive tract is a common site of extranodal malignant lymphomas (MLs) and benign lymphoid lesions (BLs). TP53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) expression has been widely investigated in class switch recombination but rarely in human lymphoid tissues with respect to tumorigenesis. We previously reported that immunofluorescence (IF) analysis of 53BP1 nuclear foci (NF), reflecting DNA double strand breaks, is useful for estimating genomic instability in different tumor types. In this study, we evaluated the potential of IF-based analysis of 53BP1 expression in differentiating MLs from BLs. We examined 231 biopsied tissue samples of primary MLs and BLs in the digestive tract. The 53BP1 immunoreactivity pattern was determined by multicolor IF. Compared to BLs, MLs showed a high frequency of abnormal 53BP1 expression (p < 0.0001). Statistically, abnormal 53BP1 expression is an effective test for distinguishing follicular lymphomas from BLs (specificity 98.6%, sensitivity 86.8%) and for distinguishing small B-cell lymphomas from BLs (specificity 98.3%, sensitivity 77.6%). Furthermore, a high frequency of abnormal 53BP1 expression was associated with "high-risk" MALT lymphomas, which exhibited t(11;18)(q21;21) (p = 0.0145). Collectively, these results suggest that IF-based analysis of 53BP1 expression in biopsy samples is a promising technique for diagnosing MLs in the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi My Hanh Luong
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Daisuke Niino
- Department of Pathology, Local Incorporated Administrative Agency Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kurohama
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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Kawashita S, Matsuda K, Kondo H, Kitajima Y, Hasegawa Y, Shimada T, Kitajima M, Miura K, Nakashima M, Masuzaki H. Significance of p53-Binding Protein 1 Nuclear Foci in Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions: Association With High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and P16 INK4a Expression. Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274819901170. [PMID: 32077330 PMCID: PMC7044491 DOI: 10.1177/1073274819901170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) localizes to the sites of DNA double-strand
breaks and rapidly forms nuclear foci (NF), and its presence may be an indicator
of endogenous genomic instability (GIN). We previously showed that 53BP1 NF in
cervical cells increase with neoplastic progression, indicating the significance
of 53BP1 expression for the estimation of malignant potential during cervical
carcinogenesis. This study aimed to further elucidate the impact of 53BP1
expression as a biomarker for cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). A
total of 81 tissue samples, including 17 of normal cervical epithelium, 22 of
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 21 of CIN2, and 21 of CIN3, from
patients positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) were used for
double-label immunofluorescence of 53BP1 and Ki-67/p16INK4a
expression and HR-HPV in situ hybridization. We analyzed associations between
53BP1 expression type with parameters such as CIN grade, HR-HPV infection
status, p16INK4a expression, and CIN prognosis. Expression type of
53BP1 was significantly associated with histological grade of CIN and HR-HPV in
situ hybridization signal pattern (P < .0001). There was a
significant correlation between 53BP1 and p16INK4a expression levels
(r = .73, P < .0001). However, there
was no association between 53BP1 expression type and CIN prognosis. We propose
that 53BP1 expression type is a valuable biomarker for SIL, which can help
estimate the grade and GIN of cervical lesions reflecting replication stress
caused by the integration of HR-HPV to the host genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Kawashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- Biostatistics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuriko Kitajima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuri Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takako Shimada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michio Kitajima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideaki Masuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Immunofluorescence analysis of DNA damage response protein p53-binding protein 1 in a case of uterine dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma arising from leiomyoma. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152640. [PMID: 31570279 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Genomic instability has been indicated during the dedifferentiation process from leiomyoma (LM) to leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Previously, we have described that nuclear expression pattern of DNA damage response protein p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1), detected by immunofluorescence, reflects the magnitude of genomic instability during malignancy. Here, we present a case of LMS arising from LM with molecular analysis of 53BP1, which showed transitional magnitude of DNA damage response within a tumor. METHODS AND RESULTS A fifty-year-old female with abdominal mass underwent hysterectomy. Histologically, the tumor consisted of LMS with highly atypical multinucleated giant cells as well as an LM component with transitional atypical spindle cells in the border area. LMS showed diffuse nuclear staining of 53BP1 expression, which has been previously described as high DNA damage response pattern. In contrast, the LM component lacked 53BP1 immunoreactivity and focal expression was observed in transitional lesion. Furthermore, double-labelled immunofluorescence revealed co-localization of 53BP1 with p53 and Ki-67 in the LMS component, which indicated abnormal DNA damage response in proliferative state. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that diffuse-type 53BP1 expression may be beneficial to estimate genomic instability during dedifferentiation from LM to DLMS.
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Ueki N, Akazawa Y, Miura S, Matsuda K, Kurohama H, Imaizumi T, Kondo H, Nakashima M. Significant association between 53 BP1 expression and grade of intraepithelial neoplasia of esophagus: Alteration during esophageal carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152601. [PMID: 31570283 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal DNA damage response (DDR) leads to genomic instability and carcinogenesis. P53-binding protein 1 (53 BP1), a DDR molecule, is known to accumulate at the sites of DNA double-strand breaks. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression pattern of 53 BP1-nuclear foci (NF) in esophageal neoplasms in order to visualize the state of DDR in esophageal carcinogenesis and to clarify its significance in the molecular pathology of the disease. METHODS A total of 61 lesions from 22 surgically resected samples of esophageal cancer, including histologically normal squamous epithelium, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LG-IN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-IN), carcinoma in situ (CIS), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), were included in the study. 53 BP1 and Ki-67 expression were analyzed by double-labeled immunofluorescence. RESULTS The number of discrete 53 BP1-NF increased as the tumor progressed from normal epithelium through LG-IN, HG-IN, CIS, and SCC. 53 BP1-NF larger than 1 μm in diameter (large foci), indicating intensive DDR, also showed a stepwise increase during the progression of carcinogenesis. Of note, large foci of 53 BP1 were found in significantly higher numbers in HG-IN than in LG-IN. Furthermore, localization of 53 BP1-NF in Ki-67-positive cells, indicating the abnormal timing of DDR, also increased with malignancy progression. CONCLUSIONS 53 BP1-NF accumulation increases during cancer progression from LG-IN to HG-IN to CIS to SCC. Detection of 53 BP1-NF by immunofluorescence, especially large foci, is a feasible method of estimating DNA instability and the malignant potential of esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Ueki
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Yuko Akazawa
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Shiro Miura
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Kurohama
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Toshinobu Imaizumi
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- Biostatistics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Otsubo R, Matsuda K, Mussazhanova Z, Sato A, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Oikawa M, Kondo H, Ito M, Miyauchi A, Hirokawa M, Nagayasu T, Nakashima M. A Novel Diagnostic Method for Thyroid Follicular Tumors Based on Immunofluorescence Analysis of p53-Binding Protein 1 Expression: Detection of Genomic Instability. Thyroid 2019; 29:657-665. [PMID: 30929573 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The preoperative diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinomas (FCs) by fine-needle aspiration cytology is almost impossible. It was previously demonstrated that p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) expression, based on immunofluorescence (IF), can serve as a valuable biomarker to estimate the malignant potential of various cancers. 53BP1 belongs to a class of DNA damage response molecules that rapidly localize to the site of DNA double-strand breaks, forming nuclear foci (NF). This study aimed to elucidate the utility of 53BP1 NF expression as a biomarker to differentiate follicular tumors (FTs). Methods: Associations between 53BP1 expression based on IF and histological types of FTs were analyzed using 27 follicular adenomas (FAs), 28 minimally invasive FCs, and 14 widely invasive FCs. Furthermore, the study clarified the relationship between 53BP1 NF and copy number aberrations (CNAs) based on array comparative genomic hybridization, a hallmark of genomic instability (GIN). Results: This study demonstrates differences in 53BP1 NF expression between FA and FC. The incidence of 53BP1 at NF significantly increased with FT progression in the following order: normal follicle < FA < minimally invasive FCs < widely invasive FCs. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in CNAs among the FT samples. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between CNAs and 53BP1 at NF in FTs. Thus, based on a comparison of these two indicators of GIN, 53BP1 NF (by IF) was better able to estimate the malignancy of FTs compared to CNA (by array comparative genomic hybridization). Interestingly, IF revealed a heterogenous distribution of 53BP1 NF, which occurred more frequently in the invasive or subcapsular area than in the center of the tumor, suggesting intratumoral heterogeneity of GIN in FTs. Conclusions: It is proposed that IF analysis of 53BP1 expression could be a novel diagnostic method to estimate the malignant potential of FTs. Because 53BP1 NF reflect DNA double-strand breaks, it is hypothesized that the incidence of 53BP1 at NF can represent the level of GIN in tumor cells. IF analysis of 53BP1 expression will not only be an auxiliary histologic technique to diagnose FTs accurately, but also a novel technique for preoperative diagnosis using fine-needle aspiration cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Otsubo
- 1 Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- 1 Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Zhanna Mussazhanova
- 1 Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Sato
- 1 Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yano
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Oikawa
- 3 Division of Breast Surgery, New-wa-kai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- 4 Biostatics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- 5 Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa
- 7 Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- 1 Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Rakocevic M, Jovicic BP, Jocic T, Matic S, Azanjac G, Jovicic N, Stankovic V, Jancic S. Interplay Between the Immunohistochemical Expression of P53 and the Proliferation Index in the Keratinocyte Tumors of the Skin. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/sjecr-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
P53 is important for cell cycle regulation, and its overexpression is seen in malignant tumors. We examined correlation between p53 expression and cell proliferation, and its role in the pathogenesis of keratinocyte skin tumors. We used biopsies from patients with squamous cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis and keratoacanthoma. We examined crosssections stained with HE and using anti-cytokeratin, antip53 and anti-Ki67 antibodies.
Expression of p53 is found in 87, 85% of SCC, in 83. 3% of AK and 13. 4% KA. The high index of p53 expression was higher in SCC and AK compared to KA. We also observed a positive correlation between the expression of p53 and localization of the tumors. The largest proportion of subjects with AK and SCC has a high index of p53 expression on photoexposed region. We also observed that p53 expression correlates with age whereby in AK p53 expression increases with age. The high index of proliferation is most frequent in SCC and KA. Also at AK we found a strong correlation between a moderate proliferation index and tumor localization in photoexposed region. Between the proliferation index and p53 expression we observed a significant positive correlation only in SCC.
Proliferation index and the expression of p53 are useful for the differentiation of precursor keratinocyte lesions and skin carcinoma. High p53 expression has been associated with the aging and significantly correlates with the exposure to UV radiation in SCC and AK. High expression of p53 in AK and SCC supports the importance of this oncoprotein in carcinogenesis of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Rakocevic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Biljana Popovska Jovicic
- Department of Infectious diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Tomislav Jocic
- Department of Pathology , General Hospital Pirot , Pirot , Serbia
| | - Stevan Matic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
| | | | - Nemanja Jovicic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Vesna Stankovic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
- Clinical Center Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Snezana Jancic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
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11
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Expression pattern of p53-binding protein 1 as a new molecular indicator of genomic instability in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15477. [PMID: 30341375 PMCID: PMC6195620 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number alterations and loss of heterozygosity are associated with increasing tumor grade and bladder cancer stage. Our previous study suggested that co-expression of Ki-67 and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) could provide an indicator of an abnormal DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. The present study investigated 53BP1 expression as a novel molecular marker in urothelial carcinoma (UC) using bladder tissues with in total of 40 cases including a normal urothelium, urothelial papilloma, low-grade UC, or high-grade UC. Double-label immunofluorescence was used to analyze 53BP1 and Ki-67 expression. This was compared with the level of chromosomal instability and with the expression of other DDR molecules catalytic subunit. This study identified clear differences in the 53BP1 expression patterns in urothelial carcinogenesis, and their close association with genomic instability. 53BP1 abnormal immunoreactivity, particularly with co-localization of Ki-67, was restricted to malignant tissues. Our analyses indicated that a cut-off of >4% of nuclei with 53BP1 abnormal expression plus Ki-67 immunoreactivity distinguished high-grade UC from low-grade UC with 80.0% sensitivity and 100% specificity. We therefore propose that double immunofluorescent analysis of 53BP1 and Ki-67 expression could provide a useful tool to estimate the chromosomal instability and malignant potential of urothelial tumors.
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Mussazhanova Z, Akazawa Y, Matsuda K, Shichijo K, Miura S, Otsubo R, Oikawa M, Yoshiura KI, Mitsutake N, Rogounovitch T, Saenko V, Kozykenova Z, Zhetpisbaev B, Shabdarbaeva D, Sayakenov N, Amantayev B, Kondo H, Ito M, Nakashima M. Association between p53-binding protein 1 expression and genomic instability in oncocytic follicular adenoma of the thyroid. Endocr J 2016; 63:457-67. [PMID: 26935218 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej15-0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncocytic follicular adenomas (FAs) of the thyroid are neoplasms of follicular cell origin that are predominantly composed of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm. However, the pathological characteristics of these tumors are largely unexplored. Both the initiation and progression of cancer can be caused by an accumulation of genetic mutations that can induce genomic instability. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of genomic instability in oncocytic FA. As the presence of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) in nuclear foci has been found to reflect DNA double-strand breaks that are triggered by various stresses, the immunofluorescence expression pattern of 53BP-1 was assessed in oncocytic and conventional FA. The association with the degree of DNA copy number aberration (CNA) was also evaluated using array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Data from this study demonstrated increased 53BP1 expression (i.e., "unstable" expression) in nuclear foci of oncocytic FA and a higher incidence of CNAs compared with conventional FA. There was also a particular focus on the amplification of chromosome 1p36 in oncocytic FA, which includes the locus for Tumor protein 73, a member of the p53 family implicated as a factor in the development of malignancies. Further evaluations revealed that unstable 53BP1 expression had a significant positive correlation with the levels of expression of Tumor protein 73. These data suggest a higher level of genomic instability in oncocytic FA compared with conventional FA, and a possible relationship between oncocytic FA and abnormal amplification of Tumor protein 73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Low Incidence of Oncogenic EGFR, HRAS, and KRAS Mutations in Seborrheic Keratosis. Am J Dermatopathol 2014; 36:635-42. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e31828c0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Orim F, Bychkov A, Shimamura M, Nakashima M, Ito M, Matsuse M, Kurashige T, Suzuki K, Saenko V, Nagayama Y, Yamashita S, Mitsutake N. Thyrotropin signaling confers more aggressive features with higher genomic instability on BRAF(V600E)-induced thyroid tumors in a mouse model. Thyroid 2014; 24:502-10. [PMID: 23924149 PMCID: PMC3949501 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2013.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BRAF(V600E) mutation is the most common genetic alteration in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Transgenic mice overexpressing BRAF(V600E) in their thyroids under control of the thyroglobulin promoter (Tg-BRAF2 mice) developed invasive PTCs with high penetrance. However, these mice showed elevated thyrotropin (TSH) levels, which also stimulate the proliferation of thyrocytes and tumorigenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how TSH signaling cooperates with BRAF(V600E) in the process of thyroid carcinogenesis. METHODS We crossed Tg-BRAF2 mice with TSH receptor knockout (TshR(-/-)) mice. Four genetically distinct mice groups-Braf(wt)/TshR(+/-) (group 1), Braf(wt)/TshR(-/-) (group 2), Tg-BRAF2/TshR(+/-) (group 3), and Tg-BRAF2/TshR(-/-) (group 4)--were sacrificed at 12 and 24 weeks of age. We performed histopathological analysis. Genomic instability was evaluated by immunofluorescence for p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and γH2AX. Invasiveness and genomic instability were also evaluated using thyroid PCCL3 cells expressing BRAF(V600E). RESULTS Groups 3 and 4 developed distinct neoplasias comparable to human PTCs. Group 3 developed typically larger, more aggressive, invasive tumors compared to group 4. The frequency of 53BP1 and γH2AX foci-indicators of genomic instability--in group 3 was higher than that in group 4. TSH also enhanced invasiveness and genomic instability in PCCL3 cells with BRAF(V600E) expression. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the TSH signaling confers more aggressive features in BRAF(V600E)-induced thyroid tumors in mice. This might be due, in part, to accelerated genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Orim
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Andrey Bychkov
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mika Shimamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor & Diagnostic Pathology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki National Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Michiko Matsuse
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurashige
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Vladimir Saenko
- Department of Health Risk Control, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Health Risk Control, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Research Center for Genomic Instability and Carcinogenesis (NRGIC), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Mussazhanova Z, Matsuda K, Naruke Y, Mitsutake N, Stanojevic B, Rougounovitch T, Saenko V, Suzuki K, Nishihara E, Hirokawa M, Ito M, Nakashima M. Significance of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) expression in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: association withBRAFV600Emutation status. Histopathology 2013; 63:726-34. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki
| | - Yuki Naruke
- Department of Pathology; National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center; Omura; Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki; Japan
| | | | - Tatiana Rougounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki; Japan
| | - Vladimir Saenko
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki; Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki; Japan
| | | | | | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology; National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center; Omura; Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology; Atomic Bomb Disease Institute; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki
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Matsuda K, Miura S, Kurashige T, Suzuki K, Kondo H, Ihara M, Nakajima H, Masuzaki H, Nakashima M. Significance of p53-binding protein 1 nuclear foci in uterine cervical lesions: endogenous DNA double strand breaks and genomic instability during carcinogenesis. Histopathology 2012; 59:441-51. [PMID: 22034884 PMCID: PMC3229684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.03963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A defective DNA damage response can result in genomic instability (GIN) and lead to transformation to cancer. As p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) localizes at the sites of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and rapidly forms nuclear foci (NF), the presence of 53BP1 NF can be considered to be an indicator of endogenous DSBs reflecting GIN. Our aim was to analyse the presence of DSBs by immunofluorescence for 53BP1 expression in a series of cervical lesions, to evaluate the significance of GIN during carcinogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 80 archival cervical tissue samples, including 11 normal, 16 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1, 15 CIN2, 24 CIN3 and 14 squamous cell carcinoma samples, were analysed for 53BP1 NF, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and p16(INK4a) overexpression. The number of 53BP1 NF in cervical cells appeared to increase with progression during carcinogenesis. The distribution of 53BP1 NF was similar to that of the punctate HPV signals as determined by in-situ hybridization and also to p16(INK4a) overexpression in CIN, suggesting an association with viral infection and replication stress. CONCLUSIONS Immunofluorescence analysis of 53BP1 expression can be a useful tool with which to estimate the level of GIN. During cervical carcinogenesis, GIN may allow further accumulation of genomic alterations, causing progression to invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumour and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Naruke Y, Nakashima M, Suzuki K, Kondo H, Hayashi T, Soda M, Sekine I. Genomic instability in the epidermis induced by atomic bomb (A-bomb) radiation. Cancer 2009; 115:3782-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Kamochi N, Nakashima M, Aoki S, Uchihashi K, Sugihara H, Toda S, Kudo S. Irradiated fibroblast-induced bystander effects on invasive growth of squamous cell carcinoma under cancer-stromal cell interaction. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:2417-27. [PMID: 19018771 PMCID: PMC11158697 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The irradiated fibroblast-induced response of non-irradiated neighboring cells is called 'radiation-induced bystander effect', but it is unclear in non-irradiated human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. The present study shows that irradiated fibroblasts promoted the invasive growth of T3M-1 SCC cells, but not their apoptosis, more greatly than non-irradiated fibroblasts, using collagen gel invasion assay, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The number of irradiated fibroblasts decreased to about 30% of that of non-irradiated fibroblasts, but irradiated fibroblasts increased the growth marker ki-67 display of SCC cells more greatly than non-irradiated fibroblasts. Irradiated fibroblasts did not affect the apoptosis marker ss-DNA expression of SCC cells. Irradiated fibroblasts enhanced the display of the following growth-, invasion- and motility-related molecules in SCC cells more greatly than non-irradiated fibroblasts: c-Met, Ras, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade (Raf-1, MEK-1 and ERK-1/2), matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -9, laminin 5 and filamin A. Irradiated fibroblasts, but not non-irradiated ones, formed irradiation-induced foci (IRIF) of the genomic instability marker p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and expressed transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF- beta1). Irradiated fibroblasts in turn enabled SCC cells to enhance 53BP1 IRIF formation more extensively than non-irradiated fibroblasts. Finally, effects of irradiated fibroblasts on growth and apoptosis of another HEp-2 SCC cell type were similar to those of T3M-1. These results suggest that irradiated fibroblasts promotes invasion and growth of SCC cells by enhancement of invasive growth-related molecules above through TGF- beta1-mediated bystander mechanism, in which irradiated fibroblast-induced genomic instability of SCC cells may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kamochi
- Department of Pathology & Biodefense, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
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