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García-Patiño MG, Marcial-Medina MC, Ruiz-Medina BE, Licona-Limón P. IL-17 in skin infections and homeostasis. Clin Immunol 2024; 267:110352. [PMID: 39218195 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 17 is a proinflammatory cytokine belonging to a structurally related group of cytokines known as the IL-17 family. It has been profoundly studied for its contribution to the pathology of autoimmune diseases. However, it also plays an important role in homeostasis and the defense against extracellular bacteria and fungi. IL-17 is important for epithelial barriers, including the skin, where some of its cellular targets reside. Most of the research work on IL-17 has focused on its effects in the skin within the context of autoimmune diseases or sterile inflammation, despite also having impact on other skin conditions. In recent years, studies on the role of IL-17 in the defense against skin pathogens and in the maintenance of skin homeostasis mediated by the microbiota have grown in importance. Here we review and discuss the cumulative evidence regarding the main contribution of IL-17 in the maintenance of skin integrity as well as its protective or pathogenic effects during some skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G García-Patiño
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M C Marcial-Medina
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - B E Ruiz-Medina
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - P Licona-Limón
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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2
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Kan AKC, Tang WT, Li PH. Helper T cell subsets: Development, function and clinical role in hypersensitivity reactions in the modern perspective. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30553. [PMID: 38726130 PMCID: PMC11079302 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Helper T cells are traditionally classified into T helper 1 (TH1) and T helper 2 (TH2). The more recent discoveries of T helper 17 (TH17), follicular helper T cells (TFH) and regulatory T cells (Treg) enhanced our understanding on the mechanisms of immune function and hypersensitivity reactions, which shaped the modern perspective on the function and role of these different subsets of helper T cells in hypersensitivity reactions. Each subset of helper T cells has characteristic roles in different types of hypersensitivity reactions, hence giving rise to the respective characteristic clinical manifestations. The roles of helper T cells in allergic contact dermatitis (TH1-mediated), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome (TH2-mediated), and acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) (TH17-mediated) are summarised in this article, demonstrating the correlation between the type of helper T cell involved and the clinical features. TFH plays crucial roles in antibody class-switch recombination; they may be implicated in antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, but further research is warranted to delineate their exact pathogenic roles. The helper T cell subsets and their specific cytokine profiles implicated in different hypersensitivity reactions could be potential treatment targets by biologics, but more clinical trials are warranted to establish their clinical effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Ka Chun Kan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wang Tik Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Philip H. Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
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3
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Coêlho LF, Casaro MB, Ribeiro WR, Mendes E, Murata G, Xander P, Lino-dos-Santos-Franco A, Oliveira FA, Ferreira CM. A short-term high-sugar diet is an aggravating factor in experimental allergic contact dermatitis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21225. [PMID: 38034704 PMCID: PMC10682547 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin reaction whose incidence has increased and has been associated with a dietary pattern rich in saturated fats and refined sugars. Considering the increased incidence of ACD and the lack of research about the influence of a short-term high-sugar diet on dermatitis, our aim is to improve understanding of the influence of a high-sugar diet on ACD. We introduced a diet rich in sugar fifteen days before inducing contact dermatitis with oxazolone, in mice, and maintained it until the end of the experiment, which lasted three weeks in total. The dermatitis model increased cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver, and the combination of diet and dermatitis increased weight and worsened liver cholesterol measurements. Furthermore, the high-sugar diet increased the production of IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the skin, which may be involved in the increase in epithelial skin thickness observed in experimental ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila F. Coêlho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus B. Casaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian R. Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Murata
- Nephrology Division, Medical Investigation Laboratory-29 (LIM-29), Medical School, University of São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Xander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando A. Oliveira
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory (LaNeC) - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (CMCC), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Caroline M. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Majewska-Szczepanik M, Strzępa A, Marcińska K, Szczepanik M. Epicutaneous immunization with TNP-Ig antigen induces CD11c +IL-10 + dendritic cells that promote suppression of Th1-mediated contact hypersensitivity in humanized HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110281. [PMID: 37156033 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The contact hypersensitivity response (CHS) is a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis in humans. The reaction is classified as type IV hypersensitivity and underlies many autoimmune disorders. Experiments employing the CHS model in wild-type mice showed that the protein antigen applied to the skin in the form of a gauze patch one week before the induction of Th1-dependent CHS was an effective strategy to reduce the inflammatory response in the skin. The approach of epicutaneous (EC) immunization also effectively suppressed the inflammatory response in various mouse models of autoimmune diseases. To evaluate the potential of EC immunization to suppress T cell-dependent immune response in humans, we used HLA-DR4 tg mice, which express the human DRB1*0401 allele and lack all endogenous mouse MHC class II genes. Our data show that EC immunization with TNP-conjugated protein antigen followed by induction of CHS to trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), effectively suppressed the CHS response as described by ear swelling, MPO activity in ear extracts, and the number of TCRβ+CD4+IFN-γ+ CHS T-effector cells in auxiliary and inguinal lymph nodes (ALN) and spleen (SPL) of HLA-DR4 tg mice. EC-induced suppression increases the frequency of CD11c+IL-10+ DCs in SPL. Their immunoregulatory role was confirmed by s.c. immunization with TNP-CD11c+DCs prior to CHS elicitation and induction. Our data in HLA-DR4 tg mice show that EC protein immunization induces IL-10-producing DCs, which suppress the development of CD4+IFN-γ+ T cell-dependent CHS, implying that EC protein immunization could be of therapeutic importance for T cell-mediated diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Majewska-Szczepanik
- Department of Medical Physiology, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Michalowskiego 12, 33-332 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Strzępa
- Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7A, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Marcińska
- Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7A, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7A, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
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5
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Wongchang T, Pluangnooch P, Hongeng S, Wongkajornsilp A, Thumkeo D, Soontrapa K. Inhibition of DYRK1B suppresses inflammation in allergic contact dermatitis model and Th1/Th17 immune response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7058. [PMID: 37120440 PMCID: PMC10148813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV hypersensitivity mainly mediated by Th1/Th17 immune response. Topical corticosteroid is currently the first-line treatment for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and systemic administration of immunosuppressive drugs are used in patients with severe disseminated cases. However, increased risk of adverse effects has limited their use. Thus, the development of a novel immunosuppressant for ACD with low toxicity is a challenging issue. In this study, we began our study by using a murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model of ACD to examine the immunosuppressive effects of DYRK1B inhibition. We found that mice treated with a selective DYRK1B inhibitor show reduced ear inflammation. In addition, a significant reduction of Th1 and Th17 cells in the regional lymph node upon DYRK1B inhibition was observed by FACS analysis. Studies in vitro further revealed that DYRK1B inhibitor does not only suppressed Th1 and Th17 differentiation, but also promotes regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation. Mechanistically, FOXO1 signaling was enhanced due to the suppression of FOXO1Ser329 phosphorylation in the presence of DYRK1B inhibitor. Therefore, these findings suggest that DYRK1B regulates CD4 T cell differentiation through FOXO1 phosphorylation and DYRK1B inhibitor has a potential as a novel agent for treatment of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamrong Wongchang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Care, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Panwadee Pluangnooch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Dean Thumkeo
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kitipong Soontrapa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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6
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Łazarczyk M, Kurzejamska E, Mickael ME, Poznański P, Skiba D, Sacharczuk M, Gaciong Z, Religa P. Mouse CCL9 Chemokine Acts as Tumor Suppressor in a Murine Model of Colon Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3446-3461. [PMID: 37185750 PMCID: PMC10136558 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world. Despite extensive studies and apparent progress in modern strategies for disease control, the treatment options are still not sufficient and effective, mostly due to frequently encountered resistance to immunotherapy of colon cancer patients in common clinical practice. In our study, we aimed to uncover the CCL9 chemokine action employing the murine model of colon cancer to seek new, potential molecular targets that could be promising in the development of colon cancer therapy. Mouse CT26.CL25 colon cancer cell line was used for introducing lentivirus-mediated CCL9 overexpression. The blank control cell line contained an empty vector, while the cell line marked as CCL9+ carried the CCL9-overexpressing vector. Next, cancer cells with empty vector (control) or CCL9-overexpressing cells were injected subcutaneously, and the growing tumors were measured within 2 weeks. Surprisingly, CCL9 contributed to a decline in tumor growth in vivo but had no effect on CT26.CL25 cell proliferation or migration in vitro. Microarray analysis of the collected tumor tissues revealed upregulation of the immune system-related genes in the CCL9 group. Obtained results suggest that CCL9 reveals its anti-proliferative functions by interplay with host immune cells and mediators that were absent in the isolated, in vitro system. Under specific study conditions, we determined unknown features of the murine CCL9 that have so far bee reported to be predominantly pro-oncogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Łazarczyk
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Ewa Kurzejamska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 142 86 Stockolm, Sweden
| | - Michel-Edwar Mickael
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Piotr Poznański
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Dominik Skiba
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Gaciong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Religa
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Boguniewicz M, Fonacier L, Leung DY. Atopic and Contact Dermatitis. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-8165-1.00048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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8
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Hardonnière K, Szely N, El Ali Z, Pallardy M, Kerdine-Römer S. Models of Dendritic Cells to Assess Skin Sensitization. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:851017. [PMID: 35373185 PMCID: PMC8971372 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.851017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a complex skin pathology occurring in reaction against environmental substances found in the workplace (cement, hair dyes, textile dyes), in the private environment (e.g., household products, cosmetic ingredients), or following skin exposure to drugs. Many cells are involved in the initiation of ACD during the sensitization phase. The four key events (KE) of skin sensitization AOP are covalent binding to skin proteins (KE1), keratinocyte activation (KE2), activation of DCs (KE3), and T-cell activation and proliferation (KE4), leading to the adverse outcome of ACD. Dendritic cells (DCs) are thus playing a key role in ACD pathophysiology. Indeed, in the presence of chemical sensitizers, DCs migrate from the skin to the draining lymph nodes and present peptide-chemical conjugates to T cells, leading to their activation and proliferation. In vitro methods have been actively developed to assess the activation of DCs by chemicals to establish a reliable in vitro sensitization test. Therefore, this review will detail the most used methods and protocols to develop DC models in vitro. Three different models of DCs will be addressed: 1) DCs derived from Cord Blood (CD34-DCs), 2) DCs derived from Monocytes (Mo-DCs), and 3) DCs derived from mice Bone-Marrow (BM-DCs). In addition, a model of exposition to contact sensitizers to assess KE3 of skin sensitization will be detailed for each of the models presented.
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9
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Virgens AR, Goes HFO, de Carvalho GC, Pietrobon AJ, C C Branco AC, Ramos YAL, Pereira NV, Orfali RL, Aoki V, da Silva LFF, Sotto MN, Dos Reis VMS, Sato MN. Perivascular clusters of Th2 cells and M2 macrophages in allergic contact dermatitis to methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:191-201. [PMID: 34358352 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylisothiazolinone (MI) and Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) are among the most common skin sensitizers, yet the immunological events that occur during MCI/MI allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To analyse dendrocytes, macrophage subtypes and T cells in skin during the elicitation phase of MCI/MI ACD. METHODS Thirteen patients with positive patch test reactions to MCI/MI (ACD group) and 11 individuals with negative patch test results were selected. Skin biopsies were only performed at 48 hours of patch testing. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess T cells, dendrocytes (Factor XIIIa), M1 (p-Stat1, CD68) and M2 (c-Maf, CD163) macrophages. Transcriptional analyses were performed for cytokines and related factors, and further compared to atopic dermatitis samples (n=4). Immunofluorescence assays addressed T cells location, along with IL-4 or IL-13, within the skin. RESULTS MCI/MI elicited dermal dendrocytes and macrophages, pronouncedly the M2 subtype. T cells, majorly CD4+ T cells, accumulated in the perivascular areas. Similarly, abundant IL-4 protein was detected in these areas. There was an upregulation of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA expression, a mild increase in IFNG mRNA levels and a down-regulation of RORC in the ACD group. Immunofluorescence revealed dermal clusters of T cells co-localized with IL-4. CONCLUSIONS M2 macrophages and Th2 cells participate in the immunopathogenesis of MCI/MI ACD. Dermal dendrocytes and M2 macrophages may assist the formation of CD4+ T cells perivascular clusters. These findings render a mechanistic insight into the MCI/MI reaction. Further analysis at different timepoints of patch testing is required to fully comprehend this ACD kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anangélica R Virgens
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Heliana F O Goes
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Julia Pietrobon
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Cláudia C C Branco
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Yasmim A L Ramos
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Naiura V Pereira
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel L Orfali
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valéria Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mirian N Sotto
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor M S Dos Reis
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria N Sato
- Laboratory of Investigation in Medicine, LIM-56, Department of Dermatology, Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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Thá EL, Canavez ADPM, Schuck DC, Gagosian VSC, Lorencini M, Leme DM. Beyond dermal exposure: The respiratory tract as a target organ in hazard assessments of cosmetic ingredients. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 124:104976. [PMID: 34139277 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dermal contact is the main route of exposure for most cosmetics; however, inhalation exposure could be significant for some formulations (e.g., aerosols, powders). Current cosmetic regulations do not require specific tests addressing respiratory irritation and sensitisation, and despite the prohibition of animal testing for cosmetics, no alternative methods have been validated to assess these endpoints to date. Inhalation hazard is mainly determined based on existing human and animal evidence, read-across, and extrapolation of data from different target organs or tissues, such as the skin. However, because of mechanistic differences, effects on the skin cannot predict effects on the respiratory tract, which indicates a substantial need for the development of new approach methodologies addressing respiratory endpoints for inhalable chemicals in general. Cosmetics might present a particularly significant need for risk assessments of inhalation exposure to provide a more accurate toxicological evaluation and ensure consumer safety. This review describes the differences in the mechanisms of irritation and sensitisation between the skin and the respiratory tract, the progress that has already been made, and what still needs to be done to fill the gap in the inhalation risk assessment of cosmetic ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanoela Lundgren Thá
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics - Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Márcio Lorencini
- Grupo Boticário, Product Safety Management- Q&PP, São José dos Pinhais, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Department of Genetics - Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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11
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Preliminary discovery of novel markers for human cell line activation test (h-CLAT). Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 74:105154. [PMID: 33774146 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The human cell line activation test (h-CLAT) is an OECD approved (Test No. 442E) assay to identify novel skin sensitizers. h-CLAT simulates dendritic cell activation in the skin sensitization pathway and is based on the measurement of CD54 and CD86 overexpression on monocytic, leukemic THP-1 cells. However, the current h-CLAT markers show inconsistent results with moderate and weak sensitizers. Moreover, these markers have accessory roles in cell adhesion and signaling rather than a direct role in cellular inflammation. Therefore, we have explored other inflammation-related markers in this study. PBMCs comprises a mixture of cells that resemble the complex immunological milieu in adults and were primarily used to identify markers. PBMCs (n = 10) and THP-1 cells were treated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB, strong) and NiCl2 (Ni, moderate) sensitizers or DMSO (control) and incubated for 24 h. The samples were subjected to RNA sequencing to obtain log2fold change in gene expression. DNCB and NiCl2 significantly upregulated 80 genes in both cell types. Of these, CD109, CD181, CD183, CLEC5A, CLEC8A & CD354 were experimentally validated. DNCB and Ni but not isopropyl alcohol (non-sensitizer) significantly induced the expression of all novel markers except CLEC8A. Moreover, the percentage induction of all novel markers except CLEC8A satisfied the OECD acceptance criteria. In summary, we identified five novel markers that may supplement the current repertoire of h-CLAT markers.
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12
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Azeem M, Kader H, Kerstan A, Hetta HF, Serfling E, Goebeler M, Muhammad K. Intricate Relationship Between Adaptive and Innate Immune System in Allergic Contact Dermatitis. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:699-709. [PMID: 33380932 PMCID: PMC7757059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a complex immunological allergic disease characterized by the interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system. Initially, the role of the innate immune system was believed to be confined to the initial sensitization phase, while adaptive immune reactions were linked with the advanced elicitation phase. However, recent data predicted a comparatively mixed and interdependent role of both immune systems throughout the disease progression. Therefore, the actual mechanisms of disease progression are more complex and interlinked. The aim of this review is to combine such findings that enhanced our understanding of the pathomechanisms of ACD. Here, we focused on the main cell types from both immune domains, which are involved in ACD, such as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, neutrophils, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Such insights can be useful for devising future therapeutic interventions for ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of
Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hidaya Kader
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab
Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andreas Kerstan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology,
University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology,
Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of
Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Edgar Serfling
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of
Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology,
University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Muhammad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab
Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Kageyama Y, Shimokawa Y, Kawauchi K, Morimoto M, Aida K, Akiyama T, Nakamura T. Higher Prevalence of Nickel and Palladium Hypersensitivity in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:456-461. [PMID: 32316004 DOI: 10.1159/000506633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains elusive even though many genetic and environmental pathogenic factors have been reported. Aberrant inflammatory responses mediated by specific subsets of T cells have been observed in ulcerative lesions of UC patients. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the involvement of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in UC, we focused on dental metal hypersensitivity, a T cell-mediated, delayed-type allergic reaction that causes oral contact mucositis and systemic cutaneous inflammation. METHOD We recruited 65 Japanese UC patients and 22 healthy controls (HC) and used the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation test to quantify their sensitivity to zinc, gold, nickel, and palladium - the metals that have been widely used in dentistry. All subjects were users of metallic dental implants and/or prostheses containing zinc, gold, nickel, and/or palladium as major constituents. RESULTS Sixty percent of the UC patients were hypersensitive to at least one metal species, whereas 32% of the HC were hypersensitive to only a single metal species. The overall incidence of metal hypersensitivity was significantly higher for UC patients than for HC. Furthermore, a significantly greater proportion of UC patients were hypersensitive to nickel or palladium. The severity of the sensitivity to nickel and palladium was also significantly greater for UC patients than for HC. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrates that UC patients have a significantly higher incidence of hypersensitivity to nickel and palladium, suggesting the possible involvement of dental metal hypersensitivity in UC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tetsu Akiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakamura
- Takanawa Clinic, Tokyo, Japan, .,Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,
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14
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de Graaf NPJ, Bontkes HJ, Roffel S, Kleverlaan CJ, Rustemeyer T, Gibbs S, Feilzer AJ. Non-heat inactivated autologous serum increases accuracy of in vitro CFSE lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) for nickel. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:722-732. [PMID: 32215995 PMCID: PMC7317482 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Skin patch testing is still seen as the gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic hypersensitivity. For several metals and for patients with a suspected adverse reaction to their medical device implant material, patch testing can be unreliable. The current alternative to metal allergy patch testing is the in vitro lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) using tritiated thymidine. This method is well‐established but requires handling of radioactive material, often uses heat‐inactivated allogenic human pooled serum and cannot determine T cell subsets. Objective To develop a radioactive free LPT by using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) and to evaluate the influence of serum source (heat‐inactivated human pooled serum [HI HPS] vs autologous serum) on the sensitivity and specificity of the nickel‐specific LPT. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from nickel‐allergic patients and healthy controls were collected, labelled with CFSE and cultured in medium containing 10% HI HPS or 10% autologous serum with or without additional T cell skewing cytokine cocktails (Th1: IL‐7/IL‐12, Th2: IL‐7/IL‐4 or Th17: IL‐7/IL‐23/IL‐1β) in the absence or presence of NiSO4. The stimulation index (SI) was calculated as the ratio of divided cells, that is the percentage of CFSElow/neg CD3+CD4+ T‐lymphocytes upon nickel stimulation compared to the percentage of CFSElow/neg CD3+CD4+ T‐lymphocytes without antigen. These results were compared with the history of Ni allergy, patch test results and the MELISA test. Results Autologous serum positively influenced Ni‐specific proliferation while HI HPS negatively influenced Ni‐specific proliferation. The test protocol analysing CD4+ cells and autologous serum without skewing cytokines scored the best diagnostic values (sensitivity 95%; specificity 93%; and overall accuracy 94%) compared to the parallel test using HI HPS (accuracy 60%). Cytokine supplements did not further improve the test protocol which used autologous serum. The protocol using HI HPS could be further improved by addition of the cytokine skewing cocktails. Conclusions Here, we describe an optimized and highly accurate flow cytometric LPT which comprises of CFSE‐labelled cells cultured in autologous serum (not heat inactivated) and without the presence of T cell skewing cytokines. Clinical relevance The sensitivity and specificity of LPT is enhanced, compared to HI HPS, when autologous serum without skewing cytokines is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels P J de Graaf
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty J Bontkes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Immunology Laboratory, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Roffel
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sue Gibbs
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Feilzer
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Kvichansky AA, Volobueva MN, Spivak YS, Tret'yakova LV, Gulyaeva NV, Bolshakov AP. Expression of mRNAs for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, CX3CL1, and TGFβ1 Cytokines in the Brain Tissues: Assessment of Contribution of Blood Cells with and without Perfusion. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:905-910. [PMID: 31522672 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919080066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are important regulators of brain function under both normal and pathological conditions. Cytokines can be synthesized by resident cells of the central nervous system (CNS) (vascular endothelium, cells of the blood-brain barrier, parenchymal cells of the CNS) or cells in the lumen of blood vessels, as well as introduced with the bloodstream. The ratio between the quantity of cytokines synthesized in the CNS and those entering it from external sources under various conditions remains poorly understood. In this work, we studied the contribution of mRNAs from non-resident cells to the common pool of cytokine (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CX3CL1, and TGFβ1) mRNAs in the rat neocortex, hippocampus, dura matter, pia matter, and choroid plexus. We also evaluated the representation of various populations of resident and non-resident immune cells based on the expression of marker genes (Ncf1, Tbx21, Foxp3, RORγc). The removal of blood by transcardial perfusion led to a decrease in the quantity of the TNFα mRNA in the neocortex and hippocampus and of the IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNAs in the dura mater. The mRNA levels of other cytokines in studied structures were not affected by perfusion. Our findings suggest that mRNAs present in the blood can make a significant contribution to the mRNA levels of some cytokines in the CNS; therefore, preliminary perfusion of brain tissue is a necessary stage of experimental design for correct estimation of mRNA content in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kvichansky
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - M N Volobueva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - Yu S Spivak
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - L V Tret'yakova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - N V Gulyaeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia.
| | - A P Bolshakov
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
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16
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Wicks K, Stretton C, Popple A, Beresford L, Williams J, Maxwell G, Gosling JP, Kimber I, Dearman RJ. T lymphocyte phenotype of contact-allergic patients: experience with nickel and p-phenylenediamine. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:43-53. [PMID: 30779159 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable interest in understanding the immunological variables that have the greatest influence on the effectiveness of sensitization by contact allergens, particularly in the context of developing new paradigms for risk assessment of novel compounds. OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between patch test score for three different contact allergens and the characteristics of T cell responses. METHODS A total of 192 patients with confirmed nickel, p-phenylenediamine (PPD) or methylisothiazolinone (MI) allergy were recruited from the Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit at Salford Royal Hospital. Severity of allergy was scored by the use of patch testing, peripheral blood lymphocytes were characterized for T cell phenotype by flow cytometry, and proliferative activity was characterized by radiolabelled thymidine incorporation. Comparisons were drawn with buffy coat samples from healthy volunteers. RESULTS Patch test positivity for nickel, PPD and MI was associated with changes in the phenotype of peripheral blood T cells: increases in naïve cells, decreases in regulatory T cell frequency and the CD4+ /CD8hi ratio, and increased expression of the skin-homing marker cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), particularly for those patients with a +++ patch test score. CONCLUSIONS This increased understanding of the characteristics of the T cell responses to contact allergens may provide parameters with which to better measure health risks associated with skin sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Wicks
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Clare Stretton
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Amy Popple
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lorna Beresford
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason Williams
- Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Gavin Maxwell
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, UK
| | | | - Ian Kimber
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca J Dearman
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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17
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Cheng BT, Silverberg JI. Predictors of hospital readmission in US children and adults with atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 123:64-69.e2. [PMID: 31028895 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreasing readmissions is a health care priority in the United States. However, little is kanown about the determinants of hospital readmissions for atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE To determine readmission rates among inpatients hospitalized for AD in the United States. METHODS We analyzed the 2012-2014 Nationwide Readmission Database, including a representative, cross-sectional sample of hospital readmissions in the United States. RESULTS Overall, 17.0% of inpatients with AD were readmitted within 1 year for all causes, including 12.5% with only a single readmission and 4.6% for AD. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, hospital readmission for AD was associated with below-median household income, being uninsured, having a prolonged initial hospitalization, but inversely associated with older age and a diagnosis of infection. Inpatients admitted for AD on a weekend, in the summer, or in autumn were more likely to be readmitted for AD. Hospital characteristics associated with readmission for AD included nonmetropolitan hospital location and hospital teaching status. CONCLUSION One in 5 inpatients with AD are readmitted within 1 year for all causes. There are socioeconomic and health care disparities in readmission rates for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Northwestern Medicine Multidisciplinary Eczema Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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18
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Transition from metal-DTH resistance to susceptibility is facilitated by NLRP3 inflammasome signaling induced Th17 reactivity: Implications for orthopedic implants. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210336. [PMID: 30653583 PMCID: PMC6336398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal hypersensitivity has been recognized as an adverse biologic reaction that can compromise total joint arthroplasty (TJA) performance. However, the etiology of metal hypersensitivity responses in TJAs remains unclear. Metal implant debris is known to act as a danger signal that drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation. It remains unknown if implant debris induced inflammasome activation regulates T cell lineage in TJA metal hypersensitivity responses. In this study, we show both in vivo and in vitro that the pathogenesis of metal hypersensitivity responses to implant debris are largely dependent on activation of the inflammasome/caspase-1 pathway and subsequent production of IL-17A/F by CD4+ T cells. Inhibiting either the inflammasome pathway or IL-17A bioactivity in vivo and in vitro (in vivo using NLRP3 and Caspase-1 deficient mice or in vitro using blocking agents such as Capase-1 inhibitor, IL-1Ra and anti-IL-17A), significantly (p<0.05) mitigated metal-DTH paw inflammation as well as lymphocyte cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-17) and proliferation responses in metal-sensitized mice and primary human PBMCs. This study provides mechanistic insight into how in vivo exposure to orthopedic implant debris, and metals in general, elicits NLRP3 inflammasome activation that mediates the generation of IL-17A/F producing CD4+ T cells, leading to metal-delayed type hypersensitivity reactions.
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19
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Atopic and Contact Dermatitis. Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Majewska-Szczepanik M, Kowalczyk P, Biała D, Marcińska K, Strzępa A, Woźniak D, Sura P, Pearson J, Wen L, Szczepanik M. Cyclophosphamide-modified murine peritoneal macrophages induce CD4 + T contrasuppressor cells that protect contact sensitivity T effector cells from suppression. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:796-803. [PMID: 29957340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide (CY) is one of the most widely used alkylating agents in the treatment of various cancers and some autoimmune diseases. Numerous reports suggest that CY exerts immunoregulatory effects. Animal studies have shown CY affects contact sensitivity (CS) response by depleting CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells and CD8+ T suppressor (Ts) cells. In a mouse model of CS, we previously showed that in vivo treatment with CY shapes the immunogenic/immunoregulatory balance of peritoneal macrophages. The aim of the current study is to verify if macrophages (Mf) from CY-treated mice are indeed able to induce immunoregulatory cells that could protect from suppression. METHODS Adoptive cell transfer of CS was used to examine immunomodulating properties of peritoneal Mf from CY-treated mice. Isolation of peritoneal Mf from animals that were (Mf-CY) or were not (Mf) treated with CY were cultured to identify cytokine repertoire. Further, we assessed spleen cell (SPLC) cytokine production following immunization with trinitrophenyl-conjugated Mf from donors treated (TNP-Mf-CY) or non-treated (TNP-Mf) with CY. RESULTS In vitro experiments identified that Mf-CY produce more IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β than naïve Mf. Further, immunization with peritoneal TNP-Mf-CY induces CD4+ T contrasuppressor cells (Tcs) cells that protect CS-effector cells from suppression. Higher IL-17A secretion was observed from TNP-Mf-CY-treated mouse SPLC compared to SPLC from TNP-Mf injected mice suggesting that this cytokine might be important in mediating contrasuppression in this model. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that in vivo treatment with CY influences mouse peritoneal Mf to induce CD4+ Tcs cells that protect CS-effector cells from suppressive signals of Ts cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Kowalczyk
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominika Biała
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Marcińska
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Strzępa
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Sura
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - James Pearson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland.
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Owen JL, Vakharia PP, Silverberg JI. The Role and Diagnosis of Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:293-302. [PMID: 29305764 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-017-0340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have increased penetration of allergens, immune dysregulation (including shared cytokine pathways), and frequent use of emollients and topical medications, all of which may predispose toward developing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Recent systematic reviews have suggested that ACD is a significant clinical problem in both children and adults with AD. While this remains controversial, ACD remains an important comorbidity and potential exacerbant of AD in clinical practice. Common relevant allergens, include lanolin, neomycin, formaldehyde, sesquiterpene lactone mix, compositae mix, and fragrances that are commonly found in AD patients' personal care products. We herein review the clinical scenarios where patch testing is indicated in AD. In addition, we review the contraindications, preferred patch-testing series, pitfalls, and challenges determining the relevance of positive patch-test reactions in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Owen
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Paras P Vakharia
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Departments of Dermatology, Preventive Medicine and Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Northwestern Medicine Multidisciplinary Eczema Center, Chicago, USA.
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Caiazzo G, Di Caprio R, Lembo S, Raimondo A, Scala E, Patruno C, Balato A. IL-26 in allergic contact dermatitis: Resource in a state of readiness. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:681-684. [PMID: 29498775 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of IL-26 in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), highlighting its' contribute in the cytotoxic mechanism responsible for the tissue injury. IL-26 is a signature Th17 cytokine, and immune cells are its predominant sources. Recently, it has shown that Th17 cell-derived-IL-26 functions like an antimicrobial peptide. Here, we hypothesized that IL-26 could be involved in cytotoxicity mechanism that underlies ACD. Indeed, we have attributed a role to IL-26 in this context, through PBMC cytotoxicity assays vs HaCat. To demonstrate that IL-26 was effectively involved in this activity, we performed the assay using transfected ACD PBMCs by siRNA for IL-26. Indeed, we demonstrated that these cells were less able to kill keratinocytes compared with ACD PBMCs (P < .01). In conclusion, our findings support the idea that this emergent cytokine, IL-26, is implicated in the killing mechanisms of KC observed during ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Caiazzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Caprio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Lembo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Annunziata Raimondo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Scala
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Balato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Robb CT, McSorley HJ, Lee J, Aoki T, Yu C, Crittenden S, Astier A, Felton JM, Parkinson N, Ayele A, Breyer RM, Anderton SM, Narumiya S, Rossi AG, Howie SE, Guttman-Yassky E, Weller RB, Yao C. Prostaglandin E 2 stimulates adaptive IL-22 production and promotes allergic contact dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:152-162. [PMID: 28583370 PMCID: PMC5626002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are both forms of eczema and are common inflammatory skin diseases with a central role of T cell-derived IL-22 in their pathogenesis. Although prostaglandin (PG) E2 is known to promote inflammation, little is known about its role in processes related to AD and ACD development, including IL-22 upregulation. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate whether PGE2 has a role in IL-22 induction and development of ACD, which has increased prevalence in patients with AD. METHODS T-cell cultures and in vivo sensitization of mice with haptens were used to assess the role of PGE2 in IL-22 production. The involvement of PGE2 receptors and their downstream signals was also examined. The effects of PGE2 were evaluated by using the oxazolone-induced ACD mouse model. The relationship of PGE2 and IL-22 signaling pathways in skin inflammation were also investigated by using genomic profiling in human lesional AD skin. RESULTS PGE2 induces IL-22 from T cells through its receptors, E prostanoid receptor (EP) 2 and EP4, and involves cyclic AMP signaling. Selective deletion of EP4 in T cells prevents hapten-induced IL-22 production in vivo, and limits atopic-like skin inflammation in the oxazolone-induced ACD model. Moreover, both PGE2 and IL-22 pathway genes were coordinately upregulated in human AD lesional skin but were at less than significant detection levels after corticosteroid or UVB treatments. CONCLUSIONS Our results define a crucial role for PGE2 in promoting ACD by facilitating IL-22 production from T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum T Robb
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Henry J McSorley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jinju Lee
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics (AK Project), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Aoki
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics (AK Project), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Cunjing Yu
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Crittenden
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Astier
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M Felton
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Parkinson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adane Ayele
- Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Richard M Breyer
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Stephen M Anderton
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics (AK Project), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Howie
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Richard B Weller
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Seike M. Histamine suppresses T helper 17 responses mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 in murine chronic allergic contact dermatitis. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2018.4.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Dudeck J, Medyukhina A, Fröbel J, Svensson CM, Kotrba J, Gerlach M, Gradtke AC, Schröder B, Speier S, Figge MT, Dudeck A. Mast cells acquire MHCII from dendritic cells during skin inflammation. J Exp Med 2017; 214:3791-3811. [PMID: 29084819 PMCID: PMC5716026 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dudeck et al. demonstrate that inflammatory conditions induce dynamic interactions between mast cells (MCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) culminating in protein exchange. Resident MCs are equipped with DC MHCII and empowered to initiate T cell–driven inflammation during migration-based DC absence. Mast cells (MCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are essential innate sentinels populating host-environment interfaces. Using longitudinal intravital multiphoton microscopy of DCGFP/MCRFP reporter mice, we herein provide in vivo evidence that migratory DCs execute targeted cell-to-cell interactions with stationary MCs before leaving the inflamed skin to draining lymph nodes. During initial stages of skin inflammation, DCs dynamically scan MCs, whereas at a later stage, long-lasting interactions predominate. These innate-to-innate synapse-like contacts ultimately culminate in DC-to-MC molecule transfers including major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) proteins enabling subsequent ex vivo priming of allogeneic T cells with a specific cytokine signature. The extent of MHCII transfer to MCs correlates with their T cell priming efficiency. Importantly, preventing the cross talk by preceding DC depletion decreases MC antigen presenting capacity and T cell–driven inflammation. Consequently, we identify an innate intercellular communication arming resident MCs with key DC functions that might contribute to the acute defense potential during critical periods of migration-based DC absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dudeck
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl-Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Medyukhina
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carl-Magnus Svensson
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Johanna Kotrba
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Gerlach
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of the Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Centre for Diabetes Research, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Schröder
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of the Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Centre for Diabetes Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Thilo Figge
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany .,Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Dudeck
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany .,Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl-Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Mai W, Liu X, Su G, Zhou W, Wen Z, Lu D. Elevation of Circulating Th17/Th22 Cells Exposed to Low-Level Formaldehyde and Its Relevance to Formaldehyde-Induced Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:817-821. [PMID: 28697061 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of formaldehyde exposure on Th17 and Th22 cells and its relevance to human occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD). METHODS Circulating IL17-/IL22-secreting cells and serum IL17/IL22 levels in formaldehyde-exposed workers at Occupational Exposure Limit and nonexposed controls were assessed. RESULTS The IL17 and IL22 cell population were detected in both CD3CD8 and CD3CD8 cells. The percentages of circulating IL17 and IL22 T cells in the workers with and without ACD history were all elevated, which were more remarkable in the ones with ACD history. Serum levels of IL17 and IL22 between the workers and controls were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Low-level formaldehyde exposure may increase circulating IL17-/IL22-producing T cells (CD8 and CD8), possibly involved in the development of human OACD. But it may not alter serum levels of IL17/IL22 before the appearance of OACD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Mai
- Department of Prevention and Healthcare, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China (Dr Mai, Su); Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China (Mr Liu); Department of Laboratory Science, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China (Ms Zhou); and Department of Dermatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China (Mr Wen, Mr Lu)
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27
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Wang J, Suárez-Fariñas M, Estrada Y, Parker ML, Greenlees L, Stephens G, Krueger J, Guttman-Yassky E, Howell MD. Identification of unique proteomic signatures in allergic and non-allergic skin disease. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1456-1467. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Wang
- MedImmune, LLC; Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - M. Suárez-Fariñas
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology at Mount Sinai; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York NY USA
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology; Rockefeller University; New York NY USA
| | - Y. Estrada
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York NY USA
| | | | | | | | - J. Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology; Rockefeller University; New York NY USA
| | - E. Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York NY USA
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28
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Nickel Sulfate Promotes IL-17A Producing CD4+ T Cells by an IL-23-Dependent Mechanism Regulated by TLR4 and Jak-STAT Pathways. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [PMID: 28634033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis, caused by nickel, is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, and 14.5% of the general population may be affected in Europe. Among a wide range of cytokines, the IL-12 family has unique structural and immunological characteristics. Whereas IL-12p70 promotes T helper (Th) 1 cell polarization, IL-23 promotes Th17 cell development and both have been isolated from nickel-allergic patients. In this work, we were interested in understanding the mechanism behind nickel-induced Th17 cell development. We showed that nickel induced an early production of IL-23 in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells along with an increase in the expression of il-23p19 and il-12p40 mRNA. However, the production of a significant level of IL-12p70 required an additional signal such as IFN-γ. Moreover, nickel-treated monocyte-derived dendritic cells induced an increase in the percentage of IL-17A+ CD4+ T cells, an effect reduced by IL-23 neutralization. We then investigated the molecular mechanism of IL-23 production. Our results showed that toll-like receptor 4, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and NF-κB were involved in IL-23 production induced by nickel. However, Jak-signal transducer and activator of transcription activation seems to maintain the IL-23/IL-12p70 balance by limiting IL-23 production and promoting Th1 polarization. These results indicate that nickel-induced Th17 cell development is dependent on the production of IL-23 by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-κB, and Jak-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways.
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29
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Hosseini M, Robat-Jazi B, Shaygannejad V, Naffisi S, Mirmossayeb O, Rezaei A, Mansourian M, Esmaeil N. Increased Proportion of Tc17 and Th17 Cells and Their Significant Reduction after Thymectomy May Be Related to Disease Progression in Myasthenia Gravis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2017; 24:264-270. [PMID: 29414833 DOI: 10.1159/000486037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies against the neuromuscular junction. The thymus has an important role in the pathogenesis of MG because most patients have thymic pathology, and thymectomy (TE) can reduce the severity of the disease. METHODS In this study, the frequency of Th17 and Tc17 cells was studied in 12 MG patients (pre-TE and 6 months post-TE) and in 12 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS The frequency of Tc17 cells in the pre-TE patients was significantly higher than in the HC (p < 0.05), and after TE, these cells had significantly decreased compared to before TE (p < 0.05). The frequency of Th17 cells in pre-TE patients was significantly higher than in the HC (p < 0.05), and after TE, these cells had significantly decreased compared to before TE (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings indicated a possible role of Tc17 and Th17 in MG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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30
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Chen X, Churchill MJ, Nagar KK, Tailor YH, Chu T, Rush BS, Jiang Z, Wang EBC, Renz BW, Wang H, Fung MC, Worthley DL, Mukherjee S, Wang TC. IL-17 producing mast cells promote the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a mouse allergy model of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:32966-79. [PMID: 26429861 PMCID: PMC4741743 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy can influence the development of colorectal cancer, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. While mast cells (MC) store and secrete histamine, immature myeloid cells (IMC) are the major site of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) expression, the enzyme responsible for histamine production. From our earlier work, we hypothesized that histamine is central to the association between allergy and colorectal carcinogenesis through its influence on the MC-MDSC axis. Here, we show that in wild type (WT) mice, ovalbumin (OVA) immunization elicits a typical TH2 response. In contrast, in HDC−/− mice, the response to OVA allergy is skewed towards infiltration by IL-17 expressing MCs. This response is inhibited by histamine treatment. The HDC−/− allergic IL-17-expressing MCs promote MDSC proliferation and upregulation of Cox-2 and Arg-1. OVA allergy in HDC−/− mice increases the growth of colon tumor cells in both the MC38 tumor cell implantation model and the AOM/DSS carcinogenesis model. Taken together, our results show that histamine represses IL-17-expressing MCs and their subsequent activation of MDSCs, attenuating the risk of colorectal cancer in the setting of food allergy. Targeting the MC-MDSC axis may be useful for cancer prevention and treatment in patients, particularly in those with food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Biology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael J Churchill
- Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karan K Nagar
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yagnesh H Tailor
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy Chu
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany S Rush
- Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edwin B C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hongshan Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming Chiu Fung
- Division of Biology, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Siddhartha Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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31
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Chen H, Xu X, Teng J, Cheng S, Bunjhoo H, Cao Y, Liu J, Xie J, Wang C, Xu Y, Xiong W. CXCR4 inhibitor attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by inhibiting Th17 and Tc17 cell immune response. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1865-1870. [PMID: 27168818 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) and its receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) may contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully understood. T-helper 17 cells (Th17) and T-cytotoxic 17 cells (Tc17) have been implicated in the development of several allergic disorders, including asthma. The present study aimed to explore the association between CXCL12 signaling and Th17/Tc17 cells in the development of asthma. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were treated with AMD3100, a specific CXCR4 antagonist, prior to OVA challenge. Following the final allergen (OVA) challenge, airway responsiveness to methacholine, influx of inflammatory cells to the airway, and cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and lung homogenate were assessed. Interleukin (IL)-17-expressing CD3+CD8- lymphocytes (Th17 cells) and IL-17+CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes (Tc17 cells) isolated from lung tissue samples were detected by flow cytometry. The results of the present study demonstrated that administration of AMD3100 significantly decreased airway responsiveness to methacholine, attenuated the influx of inflammatory cells to the airway and reduced the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in the BALF. Furthermore, AMD3100 significantly reduced the increased number of lung Th17 and Tc17 cells as well as the levels of IL-17 in the lung homogenate induced by OVA challenge. In conclusion, the CXCR4 inhibitor suppresses the asthmatic response, which is associated with attenuation of the Th17 and Tc17 cell immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jieming Teng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hansvin Bunjhoo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Congyi Wang
- Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Health Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Abstract
Titanium has gained immense popularity and has successfully established itself as the material of choice for dental implants. In both medical and dental fields, titanium and its alloys have demonstrated success as biomedical devices. Owing to its high resistance to corrosion in a physiological environment and the excellent biocompatibility that gives it a passive, stable oxide film, titanium is considered the material of choice for intraosseous use. There are certain studies which show titanium as an allergen but the resources to diagnose titanium sensivity are very limited. Attention is needed towards the development of new and precise method for early diagnosis of titanium allergy and also to find out the alternative biomaterial which can be used in place of titanium. A review of available articles from the Medline and PubMed database was done to find literature available regarding titanium allergy, its diagnosis and new alternative material for titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Goutam
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chandu Giriyapura
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Matsushita A, Seike M, Hagiwara T, Sato A, Ohtsu H. Close relationship between T helper (Th)17 and Th2 response in murine allergic contact dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:924-31. [PMID: 25196929 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repeated exposure to allergens induces chronic allergic lesions in the skin and a shift in the cutaneous cytokine milieu to T helper (Th)2. AIM To assess the relationships between Th17 and Th2 response during allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in mice. METHODS ACD was induced in C57BL/6 mice by single or repeated epicutaneous challenge of 2,4,6-trinitro-1-chlorobenzene. Relationships between Th17 and Th2 response were analyzed by immunohistochemical observations and activity of cytokines on days 8 (first challenge), 18 (11th challenge), 28 (21st challenge) and 38 (31st challenge). RESULTS On day 8, tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 were high, whereas tissue levels of IL-4 and serum IgE concentration were low. Following acute contact dermatitis, mice developed chronic eczematous lesions on day 18, and gradually improved on days 28 and 38. Tissue IL-4 and serum IgE levels corresponded to the development and improvement of chronic eczematous lesions. Numbers of Th17 cells and tissue levels of IL-17 and IL-22 rapidly decreased as IL-4 and IgE levels increased on day 18. As levels of IL-4 and IgE decreased, the number of Th17 cells and tissue levels of IL-17 and IL-22 increased again on days 28 and 38. On day 18, tissue levels of Th17 response-inducing cytokines (IL-6, IL-23 and transforming growth factor-β) were high, and IL-23-expressing cells appeared in abundance, when Th2 response was extremely high. IL-17 injection decreased tissue IL-4 and serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS Th17 correlates closely with Th2 in murine chronic ACD induced by repeated epicutaneous challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matsushita
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Sagami Women's Junior College, Sagamihara, Japan
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35
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Dhingra N, Shemer A, Correa da Rosa J, Rozenblit M, Fuentes-Duculan J, Gittler JK, Finney R, Czarnowicki T, Zheng X, Xu H, Estrada YD, Cardinale I, Suárez-Fariñas M, Krueger JG, Guttman-Yassky E. Molecular profiling of contact dermatitis skin identifies allergen-dependent differences in immune response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:362-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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36
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Mattii M, Ayala F, Balato N, Filotico R, Lembo S, Schiattarella M, Patruno C, Marone G, Balato A. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is crucial in human allergic contact dermatitis pathogenesis: the role of IL-1 family members. Exp Dermatol 2014; 22:813-9. [PMID: 24164463 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-1 family includes 11 members that are important in inflammatory processes. It includes various agonists and two antagonists, IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra. Our aim was to investigate whether the IL-1 family is involved in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The expression of IL-1 family members was evaluated by PCR and immunohistochemistry in the positive patch test reaction site (involved skin) and in the uninvolved skin of ACD patients. We also examined these cytokines in an ex vivo model of ACD. The antagonistic activity of IL-36Ra was evaluated by injecting recombinant IL-36Ra in uninvolved skin biopsies of ACD patients. IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra expression was quantified in mononuclear cells of nickel-sensitized patients challenged in vitro with nickel. IL-33 involvement in ACD was investigated by intra-dermal injection of anti-IL-33 in the uninvolved skin of patients ex vivo. Results showed that IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ and IL-33 expression, but not IL-36Ra expression, was enhanced in ACD-involved skin. Immunohistochemical analysis and ex vivo skin cultures confirmed these results. Injection of anti-IL-33 in ACD-uninvolved skin inhibited IL-8 expression, whereas IL-36Ra inhibited IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ and IL-8 expression. Nickel induced IL-1Ra expression in lymphocytes of nickel-sensitized patients. Hence, various IL-1 agonists and antagonists may be involved in ACD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Mattii
- Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
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37
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38
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Buskirk AD, Templeton SP, Nayak AP, Hettick JM, Law BF, Green BJ, Beezhold DH. Pulmonary immune responses to Aspergillus fumigatus in an immunocompetent mouse model of repeated exposures. J Immunotoxicol 2014; 11:180-9. [PMID: 23919459 PMCID: PMC4604601 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2013.819054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a filamentous fungus that produces abundant pigmented conidia. Several fungal components have been identified as virulence factors, including melanin; however, the impact of these factors in a repeated exposure model resembling natural environmental exposures remains unknown. This study examined the role of fungal melanin in the stimulation of pulmonary immune responses using immunocompetent BALB/c mice in a multiple exposure model. It compared conidia from wild-type A. fumigatus to two melanin mutants of the same strain, Δarp2 (tan) or Δalb1 (white). Mass spectrometry-based analysis of conidial extracts demonstrated that there was little difference in the protein fingerprint profiles between the three strains. Field emission scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the immunologically inert Rodlet A layer remained intact in melanin-deficient conidia. Thus, the primary difference between the strains was the extent of melanization. Histopathology indicated that each A. fumigatus strain induced lung inflammation, regardless of the extent of melanization. In mice exposed to Δalb1 conidia, an increase in airway eosinophils and a decrease in neutrophils and CD8(+) IL-17(+) (Tc17) cells were observed. Additionally, it was shown that melanin mutant conidia were more rapidly cleared from the lungs than wild-type conidia. These data suggest that the presence of fungal melanin may modulate the pulmonary immune response in a mouse model of repeated exposures to A. fumigatus conidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda D. Buskirk
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Steven P. Templeton
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Terre Haute, IN, USA
| | - Ajay P. Nayak
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Justin M. Hettick
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brandon F. Law
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brett J. Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Donald H. Beezhold
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Nielsen MM, Lovato P, MacLeod AS, Witherden DA, Skov L, Dyring-Andersen B, Dabelsteen S, Woetmann A, Ødum N, Havran WL, Geisler C, Bonefeld CM. IL-1β-dependent activation of dendritic epidermal T cells in contact hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:2975-83. [PMID: 24600030 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Substances that penetrate the skin surface can act as allergens and induce a T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease called contact hypersensitivity (CHS). IL-17 is a key cytokine in CHS and was originally thought to be produced solely by CD4(+) T cells. However, it is now known that several cell types, including γδ T cells, can produce IL-17. In this study, we determine the role of γδ T cells, especially dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs), in CHS. Using a well-established model for CHS in which 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) is used as allergen, we found that γδ T cells are important players in CHS. Thus, more IL-17-producing DETCs appear in the skin following exposure to DNFB in wild-type mice, and DNFB-induced ear swelling is reduced by ∼50% in TCRδ(-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. In accordance, DNFB-induced ear swelling was reduced by ∼50% in IL-17(-/-) mice. We show that DNFB triggers DETC activation and IL-1β production in the skin and that keratinocytes produce IL-1β when stimulated with DNFB. We find that DETCs activated in vitro by incubation with anti-CD3 and IL-1β produce IL-17. Importantly, we demonstrate that the IL-1R antagonist anakinra significantly reduces CHS responses, as measured by decreased ear swelling, inhibition of local DETC activation, and a reduction in the number of IL-17(+) γδ T cells and DETCs in the draining lymph nodes. Taken together, we show that DETCs become activated and produce IL-17 in an IL-1β-dependent manner during CHS, suggesting a key role for DETCs in CHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten M Nielsen
- Department of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Avelino MAG, Wastowski IJ, Ferri RG, Elias TGA, Lima APL, Nunes LM, Pignatari SSN. Interleukin-17A expression in patients presenting with nasal polyposis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 79:616-9. [PMID: 24141678 PMCID: PMC9442436 DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20130110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflammatory pathology of the nasal/paranasal cavities which affects from 1%-4% of the population. Although polyps seem to be a manifestation of chronic inflammation of nasal/paranasal sinus mucosa in both allergic and non-allergic subjects, the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis remains unknown. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a key inflammatory cytokine in many disorders. Little attention has been paid to the role of IL-17A in chronic inflammatory disorders. Objective To investigate the expression of IL-17A in the SNP and verify if this expression is a marker of good or bad prognosis. Method Prospective study with 25 patients presenting with SNP were subjected to the immunohistochemistry technique. After a skin prick test, all patients were divided into atopic and nonatopic groups, and asthmatic or non-asthmatic. Results The IL-17A expression was observed in both atopic and nonatopic patients. The numbers of IL-17A positive cells were greater in nasal polyps of atopic patients than nonatopic (p = 0.0128). Conclusion These results indicate that IL-17A may play an important role in the pathology of SNP. Considering the inflammatory properties of IL-17A, this study suggests that it could increase susceptibility to atopy and asthma.
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Liu J, Harberts E, Tammaro A, Girardi N, Filler RB, Fishelevich R, Temann A, Licona-Limón P, Girardi M, Flavell RA, Gaspari AA. IL-9 regulates allergen-specific Th1 responses in allergic contact dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:1903-1911. [PMID: 24487305 PMCID: PMC4303591 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine IL-9, derived primarily from T-helper 9 (Th9) lymphocytes, promotes expansion of the Th2 subset and is implicated in the mechanisms of allergic asthma. We hypothesize that IL-9 also has a role in human allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). To investigate this hypothesis, skin biopsy specimens of positive patch-test sites from non-atopic patients were assayed using quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. The cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A, IL-9, and PU.1, a Th9 associated transcription factor, were elevated when compared with paired normal skin. Immunohistochemistry on ACD skin biopsies identified PU.1+ CD3+ and PU.1+ CD4+ cells, consistent with Th9 lymphocytes, in the inflammatory infiltrate. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nickel-allergic patients, but not nonallergic controls, show significant IL-9 production in response to nickel. Blocking studies with mAbs to HLA-DR (but not HLA-A, -B, -C) or chloroquine significantly reduced this nickel-specific IL-9 production. In addition, blockade of IL-9 or IL-4 enhanced allergen-specific IFN-γ production. A contact hypersensitivity model using IL-9(-/-) mice shows enhanced Th1 lymphocyte immune responses, when compared with wild-type mice, consistent with our human in vitro data. This study demonstrates that IL-9, through its direct effects on Th1 and ability to promote IL-4 secretion, has a regulatory role for Th1 lymphocytes in ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin Harberts
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonella Tammaro
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Dermatology, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Renata B Filler
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rita Fishelevich
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angela Temann
- Department of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Paula Licona-Limón
- Department of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael Girardi
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anthony A Gaspari
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Cytokines and chemokines in irritant contact dermatitis. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:916497. [PMID: 24371376 PMCID: PMC3858878 DOI: 10.1155/2013/916497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritant contact dermatitis is a result of activated innate immune response to various external stimuli and consists of complex interplay which involves skin barrier disruption, cellular changes, and release of proinflammatory mediators. In this review, we will focus on key cytokines and chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of irritant contact dermatitis and also contrast the differences between allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis.
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Trowbridge RM, Mitkov MV, Pittelkow MR, Agrawal DK. Immunomodulation of malignant melanoma by contact sensitizing agents. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013; 10:63-76. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.850415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Majewska-Szczepanik M, Paust S, von Andrian UH, Askenase PW, Szczepanik M. Natural killer cell-mediated contact sensitivity develops rapidly and depends on interferon-α, interferon-γ and interleukin-12. Immunology 2013; 140:98-110. [PMID: 23659714 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated contact sensitivity was recently described in mice. Here, we confirm NK cell-mediated contact sensitivity (CS) in SCID and RAG1(-/-) mice but not in SCIDbeige mice, which have non-functional NK cells that lack NK cell granules. NK cell-mediated CS was transferred by liver mononuclear cells and the DX5(+) fraction of liver cells, confirming that NK cells mediate CS in the absence of T and B cells. Participation of NKT cells and B-1 cells was ruled out using Jα18(-/-) and JH(-/-) mice, respectively. Remarkably, NK cell-mediated CS was observed just 1 hr after immunization and was detectable as early as 30 min after challenge. Further, we examined cytokine requirements for NK cell-mediated CS, and found that liver mononuclear cells from interleukin-12(-/-) , interferon-γ(-/-) and interferon-α receptor(-/-) donors fail to transfer NK cell-mediated CS to naive hosts. Our studies clearly show that dinitrofluorobenzene sensitized NK cells mediate very rapid, antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity, with features of both innate and acquired immune responses.
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Role of Th17 cells in skin inflammation of allergic contact dermatitis. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:261037. [PMID: 24023564 PMCID: PMC3759281 DOI: 10.1155/2013/261037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extending the classical concept considering an imbalance exclusively of T helper(h) 1 and Th2 cells on the bottom of many inflammatory diseases, Th17 cells were recently described. Today, there is sufficient experimental evidence to classify psoriasis and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) amongst other inflammatory skin disorders as IL-17 associated diseases. In several human studies, T-cell-clones could be isolated from eczema biopsies, and high IL-17 levels were observed after challenge with allergen. In the last years, the phenotype of these IL-17 releasing T cells was in the focus of discussion. It has been suggested that Th17 could be identified by expression of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR)C (humans) or RORγt (mice) and IL-17, accompanied by the absence of IFN-γ and IL-22. In cells from skin biopsies, contact allergens elevate IL-17A, IL-23, and RORC within the subset of Th cells. The indications for a participation of Th17 in the development of ACD are supported by data from IL-17 deficient mice with reduced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) reactions that could be restored after transplantation of wild type CD4+ T cells. In addition to Th17 cells, subpopulations of CD8+ T cells and regulatory T cells are further sources of IL-17 that play important roles in ACD as well. Finally, the results from Th17 cell research allow today identification of different skin diseases by a specific profile of signature cytokines from Th cells that can be used as a future diagnostic tool.
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Zemelka-Wiącek M, Majewska-Szczepanik M, Ptak W, Szczepanik M. Epicutaneous immunization with protein antigen induces antigen-non-specific suppression of CD8 T cell mediated contact sensitivity. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 64:1485-96. [PMID: 23406759 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) resulting from exposure to low molecular weight chemicals is a common clinical condition in industrialized countries and can be mediated by either Th1 or Tc1 lymphocytes. The animal model of contact sensitivity (CS) is commonly used to study ACD in mice and helps to test new therapeutics. We have previously shown that epicutaneous (EC) immunization with TNP-Ig prior to hapten sensitization inhibits Th1-mediated CS and observed that the suppression is mediated by TCRαβ(+) CD4(+) CD8(+) cells and is TGF-β dependent. More recently we have shown that EC immunization with DNP-BSA induces TCRαβ(+) CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells that suppress Tc1-mediated CS. METHODS Animal model of contact sensitivity was used to study skin-induced suppression. RESULTS Current work employing Tc1-mediated CS shows that skin-induced suppression is dose-dependent and declines with time. Experiments with the four non-cross-reacting antigens 2,4-dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA), ovalbumin (OVA), myelin basic protein (MBP) and immunoglobulins conjugated with oxazolone (OX-Ig) employing models of active suppression, "transfer in" and "transfer out" protocols showed that EC immunization with any tested protein antigen inhibits CS response suggesting lack of antigen-specificity of the investigated phenomenon. CONCLUSION The ease of EC generation of antigen-non-specific regulatory cells may have important implications for designing therapeutic schemes aimed at modulating immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zemelka-Wiącek
- Department of Medical Biology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kopernika 7, PL 31-034 Kraków, Poland
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Dyring-Andersen B, Skov L, Løvendorf MB, Bzorek M, Søndergaard K, Lauritsen JPH, Dabelsteen S, Geisler C, Bonefeld CM. CD4(+) T cells producing interleukin (IL)-17, IL-22 and interferon-γ are major effector T cells in nickel allergy. Contact Dermatitis 2013; 68:339-47. [PMID: 23692034 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 play important roles in the elicitation of human allergic contact dermatitis; however, the frequencies of T cell subtypes producing IL-17 and IL-22 in human allergic contact dermatitis are unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine the frequencies of CD4(+) , CD8(+) and γδ T cells producing IL-17, IL-22 and interferon (IFN)-γ in the blood and skin from nickel-allergic patients. PATIENTS/MATERIALS/METHODS Blood samples were collected from 14 patients and 17 controls, and analysed by flow cytometry. Biopsies were taken from 5 patients and 6 controls, and analysed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry of skin lymphocytes. RESULTS We found an increased frequency of γδ T cells in the blood, but no differences in the distribution of cytokine-producing CLA(+) T cell subtypes in nickel-allergic patients as compared with controls. In nickel-allergic patients, there was massive cellular infiltration dominated by CD4(+) T cells producing IL-17, IL-22 and IFN-γ in nickel-challenged skin but not in vehicle-challenged skin. CONCLUSION CD4(+) T cells producing IL-17, IL-22 and IFN-γ are important effector cells in the eczematous reactions of nickel-induced allergic contact dermatitis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Dyring-Andersen
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Baeck M, Soria A, Marot L, Theate I, Hendrickx E, Van Belle A, Goossens A, Tennstedt D, Dachelet C, Jaeger J, Pilette C, Renauld JC, Van Baren N, Rozières A, Nicolas JF, Dumoutier L. Characterization of the T cell response in allergic contact dermatitis caused by corticosteroids. Contact Dermatitis 2013; 68:357-68. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Park HJ, Choi YW, Kim SH, Shin MS, Lee SW, Oh MK, Choi HY. Change in cytokines in patients with warts after contact immunotherapy with squaric acid dibutylester. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:775-81. [PMID: 23611147 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wart is a skin lesion caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Contact immunotherapy is one of the many therapeutic options that have been used to treat warts; however, the effectiveness of contact immunotherapy differs from patient to patient, and the cause of this variation in clinical response is unclear. AIM To assess cytokine changes in patients after contact immunotherapy with squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE). METHODS In total, 21 patients with warts and 9 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. The frequencies of CD3+ T cells expressing interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were measured by flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood at baseline in both patients and controls, and after SADBE treatment in patients. RESULTS Lower expression of IL-4 and higher expression of IL-12 in CD3+ T cells were found in patients compared with controls. The percentage of CD3+/IL-4+ T cells significantly increased after contact immunotherapy in all responders, but was significantly higher in those with an excellent response, who also had a significantly higher percentage of CD3+/IL-10+ T cells. The patients with an excellent response also had a significant decrease in the percentage of CD3+/IL-12+ T cells, and the percentage of CD3+/IL-4+ T cells normalized. CONCLUSIONS Response to contact immunotherapy can vary depending on the types of cytokine changes produced by treatment. An excessive shift to a Th2 pattern and increased IL-10 production after contact immunotherapy may hinder clearance of HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Department of Dermatology, Ilsanpaik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
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Lopes A, Machado D, Pedreiro S, Henriques A, Silva I, Tavares B, Inácio MJ, Chieira C, Martinho A, Pais ML, Pereira C, Paiva A. Different Frequencies of Tc17/Tc1 and Th17/Th1 Cells in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 161:155-62. [DOI: 10.1159/000345401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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