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Eosinophilic pericardial effusion in a cat with complex systemic disease and associated peripheral eosinophilia. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 35:55-62. [PMID: 33823336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old domestic shorthair cat was referred for investigation of dry cough of 1-week duration and cardiomegaly. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion, and eosinophils were identified as the predominant cell type in fluid collected by pericardiocentesis. Thoracic computed tomography imaging and bronchoscopy were supportive of mild lower airway disease, while bronchoalveolar lavage confirmed eosinophilic inflammation and concurrent Mycoplasma felis infection. A few months after the initial presentation, there was clinical deterioration, and further investigation suggested intestinal lymphoma. It was hypothesized that pericardial effusion and lower airway inflammation were an early manifestation of hypereosinophilic syndrome, possibly as a paraneoplastic consequence of lymphoma.
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2
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Muñoz LJ, Ludeña D, Gedvilaite A, Zvirbliene A, Jandrig B, Voronkova T, Ulrich RG, López DE. Lymphoma outbreak in a GASH:Sal hamster colony. Arch Virol 2013; 158:2255-65. [PMID: 23719671 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have detected a high incidence of lymphomas in a colony of GASH:Sal Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). This strain is characterised by its ability to present convulsive crises of audiogenic origin. Almost 16 % (90 males and 60 females) of the 975 animals were affected during a 5-year period by the development of a progressing lymphoid tumour and exhibited similar clinical profiles characterised by lethargy, anorexia, evident abdominal distension, and a rapid disease progression resulting in mortality within 1 to 2 weeks. A TaqMan® probe-based real-time PCR analysis of genomic DNA from different tissue samples of the affected animals revealed the presence of a DNA sequence encoding the hamster polyomavirus (HaPyV) VP1 capsid protein. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis using HaPyV-VP1-specific monoclonal antibodies confirmed the presence of viral proteins in all hamster tumour tissues analysed within the colony. An indirect ELISA and western blot analysis confirmed the presence of antibodies against the VP1 capsid protein in sera, not only from affected and non-affected GASH:Sal hamsters but also from control hamsters from the same breeding area. The HaPyV genome that accumulated in tumour tissues typically contained deletions affecting the noncoding regulatory region and adjacent sequences coding for the N-terminal part of the capsid protein VP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis J Muñoz
- Animal Experimentation Service, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain,
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3
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Metzger FL, Rebar AH. Clinical pathology interpretation in geriatric veterinary patients. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2012; 42:615-29, v. [PMID: 22720804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Routine monitoring of clinicopathologic data is a critical component in the management of older patients because blood and urine testing allows the veterinarian to monitor trends in laboratory parameters, which may be the early indicators of disease. Laboratory profiling often provides an objective and sensitive indicator of developing disease before obvious clinical signs or physical examination abnormalities are observed. The primary key to the power of this evaluation is that the data are collected year after year during wellness checks and are examined serially. Chronic renal failure, chronic active hepatitis, canine hyperadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus, and feline hyperthyroidism were reviewed and expected laboratory findings are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred L Metzger
- Metzger Animal Hospital, 1044 Benner Pike, State College, PA 16801, USA.
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4
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Okosun J, McNamara C. Paraneoplastic peripheral blood eosinophilia in relapsed follicular lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 52:328-30. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.532891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Kural YB, Su O, Onsun N, Uras AR. Atopy, IgE and eosinophilic cationic protein concentration, specific IgE positivity, eosinophil count in cutaneous T Cell lymphoma. Int J Dermatol 2010; 49:390-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Brigati C, Ferrari N, Megna M, Roncella S, Cutrona G, Tosettf F, Vidali G. A Retinoic Acid Resistant HL-60 Cell Clone Sensitive to N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) Retinamide-Mediated Clonal Growth Inhibition. Leuk Lymphoma 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10428199509051716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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7
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Shiraishi J, Nakagawa Y, Kurata M, Yamamoto K, Abe Y, Toyoda Y, Suzuki K, Kitagawa M, Takemura T. Follicular lymphoma with marked infiltration of eosinophils. Pathol Int 2008; 58:701-5. [PMID: 18844935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2008.02296.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilia and tissue infiltration by eosinophils are frequent findings in Hodgkin lymphoma, but they are extremely rare in B-cell lymphoma. Reported herein is a case of follicular lymphoma with extensive lymph node infiltration by eosinophils. The patient was a 71-year-old woman who had a mass in the vicinity of the pancreas found on routine ultrasonography. Subsequent CT indicated several enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, although superficial lymph nodes were not palpable. Two swollen mesenteric lymph nodes were excised to determine the cause of the lymphadenopathy. Histology indicated extensive infiltration of numerous eosinophils to the interfollicular area, especially in the dilated sinuses. The lymphoid follicles were relatively small, had inconspicuous germinal centers, and were scattered between dilated sinuses. Based on the histology, immunohistochemistry, and chromosomal abnormality, a diagnosis of follicular lymphoma was made. Expression of interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-5, eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and eotaxin-3 was investigated on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of the lymph node tissue, but none of the mRNA expression levels were elevated. This was a unique case of follicular lymphoma with extensive eosinophil infiltration, and to the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first such case ever reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Shiraishi
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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TARC and IL-5 expression correlates with tissue eosinophilia in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Leuk Res 2008; 32:1431-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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9
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Svrcek M, Garderet L, Sebbagh V, Rosenzwajg M, Parc Y, Lagrange M, Bennis M, Lavergne-Slove A, Fléjou JF, Fabiani B. Small intestinal CD4+ T-cell lymphoma: a rare distinctive clinicopathological entity associated with prolonged survival. Virchows Arch 2007; 451:1091-3. [PMID: 17676338 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-007-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Nagy K, Marschalkó M, Kemény B, Horváth A. Localization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 gag proviral sequences in dermato-immunological disorders with eosinophilia. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2005; 52:385-96. [PMID: 16400878 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.52.2005.3-4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms leading to the development of eosinophilia were investigated in 65 patients with immunodermatological disorders, including the role of eosinophilotactic cytokines and the possible involvement of human T-cell leukemia virus, HTLV. HTLV-1 gag proviral sequences were revealed in two cases of lymphoproliferative disorders such as angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) and CD4+ cutaneous lymphoma, respectively. Increased level of GM-CSF was detected in 33% of disorders studied. Elevated level of IL-5 and eotaxin was detected in 27% and 30%, respectively, of patients with bullous diseases. Elevated level of GM-CSF and eotaxin was found in 33% and 46%, respectively, of patients with inflammatory diseases. Neither of the four cytokines, however proved to be responsible alone or together for the induction of eosinophilia. The possible indirect role of human retroviruses through induction of eosinophilic chemotactic cytokines is hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Presumptive primary cardiac lymphoma in a cat causing pericardial effusion. J Vet Cardiol 2005; 7:65-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2005.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2004] [Revised: 01/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Ionescu MA, Rivet J, Daneshpouy M, Briere J, Morel P, Janin A. In situ eosinophil activation in 26 primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas with blood eosinophilia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52:32-9. [PMID: 15627078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Blood and tissue eosinophils can be associated with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas in that they have prognostic value. Tissue eosinophils in T-cell lymphoma patients with blood eosinophilia have not been systematically assessed. The objective of this research was to study the presence, density, and activation of tissue eosinophils in patients with primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) with blood eosinophilia and a possible relationship between features of the disease and prognosis. With skin biopsy specimens from 26 CTCL patients with blood eosinophilia, tissue eosinophils were studied with electron microscopy, extracellular eosinophil peroxidase deposits, and interleukin-5 expression. Tissue eosinophils, found in 22 of 26 cases, were constantly activated. Both density and activation of tissue eosinophils were significantly related to disease progression. The state of activation of tissue eosinophils in CTCL might reflect inflammatory flare-ups associated with aggressive lymphomas. Further studies are needed to confirm the value of eosinophil density as a simple and reliable marker of CTCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius A Ionescu
- Department of Dermatology, ERM 0220 INSERM/Hematology Institute IFR 105, Saint-Louis Hospital University Paris VII, France
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13
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Gutiérrez A, Solano C, Ferrández A, Marugán I, Terol MJ, Benet I, Tormo M, Bea MD, Rodríguez J. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated consecutively with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Eur J Haematol 2003; 71:303-6. [PMID: 12950242 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0609.2003.00051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Both hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and hypereosinophilic syndrome have been associated with hematologic neoplasms and are respectively related to an overproduction of the cytokines Thelper 1 (Th1) and Th2 by tumor cells or reactive cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time a case of a peripheral T-cell lymphoma consecutively associated with both paraneoplastic conditions has been reported. Importantly, in this case when the lymphoma exclusively involved the bone marrow, severe paraneoplastic systemic damage, a CD8+ suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype and a hypereosinophilia not related to high levels of interleukin (IL)-5 was found. Interestingly, progression of the lymphoma coincided with an increase in the serum levels of several Th2 cytokines and IL-2, a decrease in tumor necrosis factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels and the onset of a hypereosinophilic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gutiérrez
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, Spain
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14
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Daneshpouy M, Bataille D, Rivet J, Riviere O, Morel P, Amouroux J, Briere J, Sigaux F, Janin A. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma with eosinophilia presenting as monoarthritis: a case study. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43:1875-9. [PMID: 12685848 DOI: 10.1080/1042819021000006358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct involvement of the joints is unusual in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). This may pose a diagnostic problem for pathologists, especially since synovial localization can disclose NHL. In the following case of T-cell NHL with eosinophilia, we point out the essential importance of clonality analysis on frozen tissue to distinguish between synovial NHL and specific inflammatory damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Daneshpouy
- Laboratoire de Recherche Universitaire de Pathologie EA 2378, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 Avenue Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, France
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15
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Butterfield JH. Diverse clinical outcomes of eosinophilic patients with T-cell receptor gene rearrangements: the emerging diagnostic importance of molecular genetics testing. Am J Hematol 2001; 68:81-6. [PMID: 11559946 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal clones of clusters of differentiation (CD)3(-)CD4(+) or CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) phenotypically abnormal lymphocytes have been identified in some patients who have the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. This report illustrates the disparate clinical courses of six eosinophilic patients with evidence of abnormal T-cell clones based on the finding of a T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. The data suggest that molecular genetics testing for T-cell receptor gene rearrangements should be included in the routine work-up of patients with idiopathic eosinophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Butterfield
- Department of Allergy and Outpatient Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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16
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Abstract
Hypereosinophilia-occurring rats without chemical and antigen treatment have been maintained in our laboratory. The rat, Matsumoto Eosinophilia Shinshu (mes), showed hypereosinophilia at the age of 9 weeks or older and developed eosinophil-related inflammatory lesions in many organs. These lesions included: aortitis, granulomatous lesion in the mesenteric lymph node, inflammatory fibroid polyp of the stomach and pulmonary vasculitis with septal infiltration. These lesions were involved with cellular infiltration of eosinophils and macrophages, and deposition of eosinophilic crystals which immunohistologically showed major basic protein and eosinophilic peroxidase derived from eosinophilic lysosomal constituents. Although the distribution of lesions in mes is a little different from that of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in humans, in that endomyocardial fibrosis appears in HES while aortitis appears in mes, mes is probably comparable with HES. The present paper describes the pathological aspects of the lesions in mes and discusses the pathogenesis of tissue injury related to eosinophilic infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
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17
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18
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Abrams JT, Vonderheid EC, Kolbe S, Appelt DM, Arking EJ, Balin BJ. Sézary T-cell activating factor is a Chlamydia pneumoniae-associated protein. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 1999; 6:895-905. [PMID: 10548583 PMCID: PMC95795 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.6.6.895-905.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/1998] [Accepted: 08/09/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously identified a protein that was stimulatory for malignant Sézary T cells, termed Sézary T-cell activating factor (SAF). However, the identity of this protein has not been fully elucidated, nor has it's role been determined in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The basis for epidermotropism and proliferation of malignant cells in the skin of patients with CTCL is unknown. Using a monoclonal antibody inhibitory for SAF activity, we demonstrated that SAF is present in the skin of 16 of 27 samples from patients with mycosis fungoides, the predominant form of CTCL. In this report, the SAF determinant is demonstrated to be associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae bacteria by immunohistochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy, and culture analysis. Reactivity of antibodies against an outer membrane protein of C. pneumoniae or against the lipopolysaccharide of Chlamydiae spp. demonstrated that these determinants are coexpressed in 90% of the SAF-positive samples. We confirmed the presence of C. pneumoniae DNA and RNA in the skin by PCR and reverse transcription-PCR and by sequence analysis of the PCR products. The expression of the C. pneumoniae antigens and SAF appears to be associated with active disease in that C. pneumoniae antigens were absent or greatly diminished in the skin of three patients examined after Psoralen and long-wave UVA radiation treatment. Our results suggest that SAF is a Chlamydia-associated protein and that further investigation is warranted to determine whether SAF and C. pneumoniae play a role in the pathogenesis of CTCL.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antigens, Bacterial/genetics
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/pharmacology
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/pharmacology
- Biopsy
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlamydia Infections/immunology
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae/genetics
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae/immunology
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae/ultrastructure
- Epidermis/immunology
- Epidermis/microbiology
- Epidermis/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/radiation effects
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/cytology
- Lipopolysaccharides/immunology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/microbiology
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/microbiology
- PUVA Therapy
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- Sezary Syndrome/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/microbiology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Transcription, Genetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Abrams
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Pennsylvania and Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102-1192, USA
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19
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Hirshberg B, Kramer MR, Lotem M, Barak V, Shustin L, Amir G, Ben-Yehuda D, Ben-Yehuda A. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia associated with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol 1999; 60:143-7. [PMID: 9929108 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199902)60:2<143::aid-ajh11>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are diseases characterized by cutaneous infiltrates of malignant clonally expanded T cells. CTCL cells exhibit a cytokine profile consistent with T helper-2 type (TH2) cells. Eosinophilic pneumonias are individual syndromes characterized by eosinophilic pulmonary infiltrates and commonly peripheral blood eosinophilia. CTCL and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia are rare clinical entities. We report a patient with the association of CTCL and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. To understand the mechanism leading to the eosinophilia, we examined the patient's cytokine profile. This was consistent with a high TH2 activity. Her interleukin (IL) 5, 6, and 10 levels were extremely high, while her IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) levels (TH1 profile) were low. We believe that eosinophilic pneumonia in this patient is probably secondary to high TH2 cytokine levels induced by tumor cells. We suggest that eosinophilic pneumonia should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with CTCL who have respiratory complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hirshberg
- Division of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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20
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Ogata M, Ogata Y, Kohno K, Uno N, Ohno E, Ohtsuka E, Saburi Y, Kamberi P, Nasu M, Kikuchi H. Eosinophilia associated with adult T-cell leukemia: role of interleukin 5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Am J Hematol 1998; 59:242-5. [PMID: 9798664 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199811)59:3<242::aid-ajh11>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the mechanism of eosinophilia in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), we studied three ATL patients having marked eosinophilia. Eosinophil-predominant colony-stimulating activity was detected in the serum of one patient and in the conditioned media (CM) from cultured ATL cells from two patients. Soluble interleukin 5 (IL-5), but no interleukin 3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), was detected in sera from all patients. On the other hand, GM-CSF was produced in vitro by ATL cells from all cases, whereas detectable IL-3 and IL-5 was produced by cells from only one, suggesting that in the other two cases, the serum IL-5 was produced by the normal reacting lymphocytes. The fact that no patient showed marked neutrophilia supports the possibility that IL-5 may have a leading role in the development of eosinophilia, with GM-CSF produced by ATL cells playing a complementary role.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ogata
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Oita Medical University, Japan
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21
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Rioux JD, Stone VA, Daly MJ, Cargill M, Green T, Nguyen H, Nutman T, Zimmerman PA, Tucker MA, Hudson T, Goldstein AM, Lander E, Lin AY. Familial eosinophilia maps to the cytokine gene cluster on human chromosomal region 5q31-q33. Am J Hum Genet 1998; 63:1086-94. [PMID: 9758611 PMCID: PMC1377485 DOI: 10.1086/302053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial eosinophilia (FE) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by peripheral hypereosinophilia of unidentifiable cause with or without other organ involvement. To localize the gene for FE, we performed a genomewide search in a large U.S. kindred, using 312 different polymorphic markers. Seventeen affected subjects, 28 unaffected bloodline relatives, and 8 spouses were genotyped. The initial linkage results from the genome scan provided evidence for linkage on chromosome 5q31-q33. Additional genotyping of genetic markers located in this specific region demonstrated significant evidence that the FE locus is situated between the chromosome 5q markers D5S642 and D5S816 (multipoint LOD score of 6.49). Notably, this region contains the cytokine gene cluster, which includes three genes-namely, those for interleukin (IL)-3, IL-5, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-whose products play important roles in the development and proliferation of eosinophils. These three cytokine genes were screened for potential disease-specific mutations by resequencing of a subgroup of individuals from the present kindred. No functional sequence polymorphisms were found within the promoter, the exons, or the introns of any of these genes or within the IL-3/GM-CSF enhancer, suggesting that the primary defect in FE is not caused by a mutation in any one of these genes but, rather, is caused by another gene in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rioux
- Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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22
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Tajima K, Yamakawa M, Inaba Y, Katagiri T, Sasaki H. Cellular localization of interleukin-5 expression in rectal carcinoma with eosinophilia. Hum Pathol 1998; 29:1024-8. [PMID: 9744323 DOI: 10.1016/s0046-8177(98)90212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilia often occurs in malignant diseases. This report concerns a female patient aged 76 years, diagnosed with rectal carcinoma with eosinophilia. Sera were obtained at two different periods (at diagnosis and after the operation) for the evaluation of levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5). The serum IL-5 level increased to 264 pg/mL, and returned to an undetectable level after the operation. The serum at diagnosis enhanced the viability of normal eosinophils in vitro, and this activity was inhibited by antihuman IL-5 polyclonal antibody. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that stromal eosinophils contained IL-5 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA), but no IL-5 transcripts were detected in eosinophils attached to carcinoma cells. In situ detection of apoptosis showed that several eosinophils attached to tumor cells underwent apoptosis and lost their eosinophil secreted cationic protein (ECP) and major basic protein (MBP). These results may suggest that activated eosinophils by IL-5 play an important role in host defense mechanisms, releasing their toxic granule proteins on adjoining tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tajima
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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23
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Kitano K, Ichikawa N, Shimodaira S, Ito T, Ishida F, Kiyosawa K. Eosinophilia associated with clonal T-cell proliferation. Leuk Lymphoma 1997; 27:335-42. [PMID: 9402331 DOI: 10.3109/10428199709059688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilia associated with the expansion of cloned T-cells is reviewed in relation to cytokine production. It has been proved that eosinophilopoiesis is caused by eosinophil-stimulating cytokines, including interleukin-5 (IL-5), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3, which are secreted from T-cells. Recently, we and other groups have reported several cases of eosinophilia including hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) accompanied with proliferation of abnormal T-cells with an unusual phenotype CD3- CD4+ or CD3+ CD4- CD8- in the peripheral blood. The T-cells clonally proliferate, as confirmed by clonal rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gene, and produce eosinophil-stimulating cytokines, especially IL-5, with or without stimulation in vitro. Although HES is defined by the combination of unexplained prolonged eosinophilia and evidence of organ involvement, these observations suggest that increased production of eosinophil-stimulating cytokines from the abnormal T-cells with phenotype CD3- CD4+ or CD3+ CD4- CD8- may cause eosinophilia, some of which have been diagnosed as HES.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kitano
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano-ken, Japan
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24
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Shimada-Hiratsuka M, Fukayama M, Hayashi Y, Ushijima T, Suzuki M, Hishima T, Funata N, Koike M, Watanabe T. Primary gastric T-cell lymphoma with and without human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. Cancer 1997; 80:292-303. [PMID: 9217043 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970715)80:2<292::aid-cncr18>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric T-cell lymphomas are rare, and their incidence and viral status have not yet been fully clarified. METHODS Sixty-seven cases of surgically resected gastric lymphomas from city hospitals in Tokyo were evaluated. The surface phenotype was determined by immunohistochemistry, gene rearrangement by Southern blot hybridization, association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by EBV-encoded small RNAs in situ hybridization, and the presence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) by serology, Southern blot hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS Five of the 67 cases were T-cell lymphoma (7%): 3 cases were HTLV-1 negative (-) and 2 were HTLV-1 positive (+). Systemic eosinophilia was observed in the three HTLV-1(-) gastric lymphomas. Neoplastic cells were morphologically similar in both groups, but a granulomatous reaction with marked eosinophilia was observed only in the two cases of HTLV-1(-) lymphoma. They also had characteristics of natural killer (NK) cell-like T-cell lymphoma, expressing NK markers and TCRgamma gene rearrangement. Positivity with HML-1 (specific for intestinal epithelial T-cells lymphoma was observed in one HTLV-1(+) lymphoma. The EBV gene was detected in only one case of B-cell lymphoma but not in any case of T-cell lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Gastric T-cell lymphoma occurs in 7% of gastric lymphomas in Japan and is comprised of HTLV-1-related lymphomas and lymphomas unrelated to HTLV-1, including NK cell-like lymphomas with eosinophilia.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Blotting, Southern
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Viral/analysis
- Female
- Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/immunology
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Stomach Neoplasms/virology
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25
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Bridges AG, Helm TN, Bergfeld WF, Lawlor KB, Dijkstra J. Interleukin-3-induced urticaria-like eruption. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996; 34:1076-8. [PMID: 8647976 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(96)90291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A G Bridges
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, OH, USA
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26
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Endo M, Usuki K, Kitazume K, Iwabe K, Okuyama Y, Urabe A. Hypereosinophilic syndrome in Hodgkin's disease with increased granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Ann Hematol 1995; 71:313-4. [PMID: 8534765 DOI: 10.1007/bf01697986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a patient with eosinophilia accompanied by Hodgkin's disease who showed remarkable increase in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in plasma but no increase in interleukin-5 (IL-5). The plasma GM-CSF level normalized as eosinophilia and lymphadenopathy disappeared after chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical study with immunoperoxidase staining technique showed a positive stain in lymph node cells by monoclonal anti-GM-CSF antibody. Eosinophilia is often accompanied by Hodgkin's disease, and several cases have been reported to show high levels of plasma IL-5. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show a high level of plasma GM-CSF in Hodgkin's disease with eosinophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Endo
- Division of Hematology, Kanto Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Koike M, Ishiyama T, Yokoyama A, Kawakami K, Nakamaki T, Tomoyasu S, Tsuruoka N. Increased proliferation of eosinophil clusters in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 1995; 19:915-20. [PMID: 8632660 DOI: 10.1016/0145-2126(95)00083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A patient with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) developed eosinophilia during treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF). To study the mechanism of this eosinophilia, we investigated the proliferation of eosinophil colony-forming units (CFU-Eo) in nine patients and four healthy controls. Eosinophil clusters increased significantly in the patients (P < 0.01) compared with controls, but eosinophil colonies were not different between controls and MDS patients. In addition, the eosinophil clusters were significantly increased with rhGM-CSF in MDS patients compared with controls, although serum GM-CSF concentrations were similar in both groups. These results suggest that eosinophil clusters are increased in MDS either through abnormal progenitor proliferation or hypersensitivity to GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koike
- Department of Hematology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Berger MF, Boyle MJ, Valentine JE, Dodds A, Penny R, Sewell WA. Expression of cytokine genes in T cell leukemias. Pathology 1995; 27:347-51. [PMID: 8771154 DOI: 10.1080/00313029500169283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Normal T cells secrete cytokines which have important effects on a wide range of other cells. In the present study, the expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-gamma was assessed in PBMC from 3 cases of T cell leukemia, using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The major difference between the leukemia cases and control PBMC samples was that, without in vitro stimulation, IFN-gamma was much more readily detected in 2 of the leukemia cases. IL-2 and IL-5 mRNA were also detected in 2 of the patients but not in the other samples. IL-4 mRNA was not detected in any unstimulated sample, whereas IL-10 was always present. After polyclonal stimulation in vitro, mRNA for all these cytokines was detected in all samples. Thus cytokine expression, particularly of IFN-gamma, may be more prominent in PBMC from adult T cell leukemia cases than in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Berger
- Department of Surgery, New York Hospital/Cornell Medical Center, USA
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29
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Dargent JL, Jacobovitz D, Pradier O, Velu T, Martiat P, Delplace J, Neve P, Diebold J. A case of pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma with a high content of reactive histiocytes presented with hypereosinophilia. Pathol Res Pract 1995; 191:463-8; discussion 469-70. [PMID: 7479365 DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(11)80734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma classified, according to the updated Kiel classification, as a large pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma with a high content of reactive histiocytes and blood hypereosinophilia is reported. Light microscopic examination revealed a diffuse effacement of the lymph node structure by large pleomorphic lymphoma cells mixed with eosinophils and many histiocytes, some of them presenting discrete features of hemophagocytosis. The neoplastic cells were CD3, CD5, CD8 and HLA-DR positive but failed to show CD30 antigen. DNA molecular analysis displayed simultaneous rearrangements of the genes coding for the delta chain of the T-cell receptor and for the Ig heavy chain. Increased serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme and ferritin were found and probably induced by the reactive histiocytes. Immunoassays (ELISA) with antibodies directed against some cytokines and against the Tac peptide (sIL-2R) were performed. They demonstrated high serum levels of sIL-2R and a slight increase in GM-CSF, but neither IL-5 nor IL-3. The association of blood hypereosinophilia and histiocytic hyperplasia with a peripheral T-cell lymphoma is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Dargent
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Academic Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
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30
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Ioachim H. Critical Commentary. Pathol Res Pract 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(11)80736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lindemann
- Department Medicine I, University of Freiburg, Germany
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