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Jiawei W, Xiajun B, Tian S, Xuzheng G, Zhenwang Z. Comprehensive analysis of PLKs expression and prognosis in breast cancer. Cancer Genet 2022; 268-269:83-92. [PMID: 36206661 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A thorough examination of PLKs in breast cancer, including their expression and prognosis. METHODS With the help of the Oncomine database, the transcript levels of PLKs in breast cancer were examined. The changes in PLKs expression with tumor stage and indeed the relationship between PLKs expression and stage of cancer in women with breast cancer were scrutinized by using the GEPIA database. Based on Kaplan-Meier plots, breast cancer patients were assessed for their prognosis. Breast cancer gene expression and mutations were analyzed within the cBioPortal database. RESULTS According to Oncomine data, PLK1 and PLK4 mRNA expression levels were dramatically elevated in breast cancer patients while PLK2 and PLK5P levels were significantly downregulated. PLK1 and PLK4 expression were discovered to be greater in breast cancer tissues than in healthy tissues following analysis of the GEPIA database (P < 0.05). High levels of PLK1 and PLK4 transcripts have been linked to poor relapse-free survival rates across all patients with breast cancer according to the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. The high levels of PLK2, PLK3, and PLK5 were associated with a higher recurrence-free survival rate. In the cBioPortal database, PLK was altered in 9.6% of breast cancer samples. Genetic alterations occurred in 15.07% of clinically counted invasive breast cancers, with mutations in 4.11%, gene amplifications in 9.59%, and gene deletion mutations in 1.37%. Additionally, the KEGG database demonstrates that PLKs are crucial for the cell cycle. The findings imply that elevated PLK1 and PLK4 expression in tissues of breast cancer might contribute significantly to the carcinogenesis of breast cancer. Moreover, PLK1 and PLK4 are highly expressed in breast cancer, and their use as molecular markers to identify high-risk subsets from patients with breast cancer is potentially possible. CONCLUSIONS For the precise therapy of breast cancers, PLK1 and PLK4 are potential targets, while PLK2, PLK3, and PLK5 are brand-new biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jiawei
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, Hubei, China; HuBei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Xianning 437000, China
| | - Bao Xiajun
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, Hubei, China; HuBei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Xianning 437000, China
| | - Sun Tian
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, Hubei, China; HuBei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Xianning 437000, China
| | - Gao Xuzheng
- HuBei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Xianning 437000, China
| | - Zhang Zhenwang
- Medicine Research Institute/Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, Hubei, China; HuBei University of Science and Technology of Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Xianning 437000, China.
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2
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Hao JS, Zhu CJ, Yan BY, Yan CY, Ling R. Stimulation of KLF14/PLK1 pathway by thrombin signaling potentiates endothelial dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:859-866. [PMID: 29710485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) promotes a high oxidative stress and hypercoagulable state that drives microvascular injury and multiple-organ abnormality. Elevated thrombin activity underlies T2DM-linked endothelial dysfunction, but the mechanistic links between T2DM/oxidative stress axis and thrombin-associated endothelial pathologies are incompletely understood. In this work, immunohistochemical studies and quantitative analysis using isolated endothelial cells (ECs) identified accumulated Kru¨ppel-like family of transcription factor 14 (KLF14) deposits in ECs from multiple organs as distinct features of T2DM mice. KLF14 upregulation in ECs, which was stimulated by thrombin treatment, was dependent on multiple pathways including calcium mobilization, activation of PKC and AMPK pathways. Functionally, inhibition of endogenous KLF14 expression significantly attenuated thrombin-induced endotheliocyte proliferation, endothelial cell migration and oxidative stress. Molecularly, by directly binding the promoter, KLF14 functions as a transcriptional activator of PLK1, a polo-like kinase whose overexpression induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Transient knockdown of PLK1 was sufficient to suppress KLF14 overexpression-potentiated endothelial dysfunction. Collectively, these data provide proof of concept that deregulation of KLF14/PLK1 cascade plays a key role in thrombin-induced endothelial dysfunction and targeting KLF14 or PLK1 may limit thrombin-associated pathologies in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sheng Hao
- Department of Thyroid Gland and Breast Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Chao-Juan Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Bin-Yuan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Chang-You Yan
- Family Planning Service Stations of Health and Family Planning Commission of Chengcheng County, Weinan City 714000, PR China.
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid Gland and Breast Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
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3
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Zhang C, Chu M. Leflunomide: A promising drug with good antitumor potential. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:726-730. [PMID: 29357281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Leflunomide, an inhibitor of dihydroorotase dehydrogenase and thereby pyrimidine synthesis, was approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in 1998. During the following years, leflunomide was used in various preclinical studies as a potential cancer treatment; at the same time, more mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of leflunomide were identified. Thus, leflunomide has been identified as a potent anticancer drug. This article summarizes the mechanisms as well as results of leflunomide in the evolving field of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu St., Nan Gang District, Harbin, China
| | - Maolin Chu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu St., Nan Gang District, Harbin, China.
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4
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Benon A, Ya C, Martin L, Watrin C, Chounlamountri N, Jaaoini I, Honnorat J, Pellier-Monnin V, Noraz N. The Syk kinases orchestrate cerebellar granule cell tangential migration. Neuroscience 2017; 360:230-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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A PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN UNIQUE CHALLENGE FOR INHIBITORS OF SYK ATP-BINDING SITE: ROLE OF SYK AS A CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINT REGULATOR. EBioMedicine 2014; 1:16-28. [PMID: 25506060 PMCID: PMC4259291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of SYK as a molecular target in B-lineage leukemia/lymphoma cells prompted the development of SYK inhibitors as a new class of anti-cancer drug candidates. Here we report that induction of the SYK gene expression in human cells causes a significant down-regulation of evolutionarily conserved genes associated with mitosis and cell cycle progression providing unprecedented evidence that SYK is a master regulator of cell cycle regulatory checkpoint genes in human cells. We further show that SYK regulates the G2 checkpoint by physically associating with and inhibiting the dual-specificity phosphatase CDC25C via phosphorylation of its S216 residue. SYK depletion by RNA interference or treatment with the chemical SYK inhibitor prevented nocodazole-treated human cell lines from activating the G2 checkpoint via CDC25C S216-phosphorylation and resulted in polyploidy. Our study provides genetic and biochemical evidence that spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) has a unique role in the activation of the G2 checkpoint in both non-lymphohematopoietic and B-lineage lymphoid cells. This previously unknown role of SYK as a cell cycle checkpoint regulator represents an unforeseen and significant challenge for inhibitors of SYK ATP binding site. SYK is a cell cycle regulatory kinase that phosphorylates CDC25C at S216 SYK is a master regulator of cell cycle regulatory checkpoint genes in human cells Inhibitors of SYK ATP binding site may increase the risk for secondary cancer
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6
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Jayasundera K, Iliuk AB, Nguyen A, Higgins R, Geahlen RL, Tao WA. Global phosphoproteomics of activated B cells using complementary metal ion functionalized soluble nanopolymers. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6363-71. [PMID: 24905233 PMCID: PMC4079319 DOI: 10.1021/ac500599r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Engagement of the B cell receptor for antigen (BCR) leads to immune responses through a cascade of intracellular signaling events. Most studies to date have focused on the BCR and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Because spleen tyrosine kinase, Syk, is an upstream kinase in multiple BCR-regulated signaling pathways, it also affects many downstream events that are modulated through the phosphorylation of proteins on serine and threonine residues. Here, we report a novel phosphopeptide enrichment strategy and its application to a comprehensive quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis of Syk-dependent downstream signaling events in B cells, focusing on serine and threonine phosphorylation. Using a combination of the Syk inhibitor piceatannol, SILAC quantification, peptide fractionation, and complementary PolyMAC-Ti and PolyMAC-Zr enrichment techniques, we analyzed changes in BCR-stimulated protein phosphorylation that were dependent on the activity of Syk. We identified and quantified over 13,000 unique phosphopeptides, with a large percentage dependent on Syk activity in BCR-stimulated B cells. Our results not only confirmed many known functions of Syk, but more importantly, suggested many novel roles, including in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, that warrant further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi
B. Jayasundera
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Anton B. Iliuk
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Andrew Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Renee Higgins
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Robert L. Geahlen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - W. Andy Tao
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Medicinal
Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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7
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Spartà AM, Bressanin D, Chiarini F, Lonetti A, Cappellini A, Evangelisti C, Evangelisti C, Melchionda F, Pession A, Bertaina A, Locatelli F, McCubrey JA, Martelli AM. Therapeutic targeting of Polo-like kinase-1 and Aurora kinases in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:2237-47. [PMID: 24874015 PMCID: PMC4111679 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinases (PLKs) and Aurora kinases (AKs) act as key cell cycle regulators in healthy human cells. In cancer, these protein kinases are often overexpressed and dysregulated, thus contributing to uncontrolled cell proliferation and growth. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a heterogeneous malignancy arising in the thymus from T-cell progenitors. Primary chemoresistant and relapsed T-ALL patients have yet a poor outcome, therefore novel therapies, targeting signaling pathways important for leukemic cell proliferation, are required. Here, we demonstrate the potential therapeutic effects of BI6727, MK-5108, and GSK1070916, three selective inhibitors of PLK1, AK-A, and AK-B/C, respectively, in a panel of T-ALL cell lines and primary cells from T-ALL patients. The drugs were both cytostatic and cytotoxic to T-ALL cells by inducing G2/M-phase arrest and apoptosis. The drugs retained part of their pro-apoptotic activity in the presence of MS-5 bone marrow stromal cells. Moreover, we document for the first time that BI6727 perturbed both the PI3K/Akt/mTORC2 and the MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling pathways, and that a combination of BI6727 with specific inhibitors of the aforementioned pathways (MK-2206, CCI-779) displayed significantly synergistic cytotoxic effects. Taken together, our findings indicate that PLK1 and AK inhibitors display the potential for being employed in innovative therapeutic strategies for improving T-ALL patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Maria Spartà
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Bressanin
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics; National Research Council; Bologna, Italy
- Muscoloskeletal Cell Biology Laboratory; IOR; Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cappellini
- Department of Human, Social, and Health Sciences; University of Cassino; Cassino, Italy
| | - Cecilia Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Institute of Molecular Genetics; National Research Council; Bologna, Italy
- Muscoloskeletal Cell Biology Laboratory; IOR; Bologna, Italy
| | - Fraia Melchionda
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Unit ‘Lalla Seragnoli’; S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Unit ‘Lalla Seragnoli’; S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
| | - Alice Bertaina
- Oncoematologia Pediatrica; IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú; Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Oncoematologia Pediatrica; IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú; Rome, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Brody School of Medicine; East Carolina University; Greenville, NC USA
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna, Italy
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8
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Uckun FM, Qazi S. Spleen tyrosine kinase as a molecular target for treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 10:1407-18. [DOI: 10.1586/era.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is intimately involved in multiple signal-transduction pathways regulating survival, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of B-lineage lymphoid cells. Btk is overexpressed and constitutively active in several B-lineage lymphoid malignancies. Btk has emerged as a new antiapoptotic molecular target for treatment of B-lineage leukemias and lymphomas. Preclinical and early clinical results indicate that Btk inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmond J D'Cruz
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Uckun FM, Qazi S, Dibirdik I, Myers DE. Rational design of an immunoconjugate for selective knock-down of leukemia-specific E2A-PBX1 fusion gene expression in human Pre-B leukemia. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:122-32. [PMID: 22990208 DOI: 10.1039/c2ib20114c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The t(1;19)(q23;p13) is one of the most common chromosomal translocations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and results in production of the transforming oncoprotein E2A-PBX1. Here we first report a novel, biomarker-guided biotherapy strategy for personalized treatment of t(1;19)(+) ALL. A supervised interrogation of the gene expression profiles of primary leukemic cells from a cohort of 207 children with high risk B-lineage ALL identified up-regulated CD19 gene expression as a biomarker for t(1;19)(+) ALL. A disulfide-linked immunoconjugate of a 5-amino-modified 24 mer phosphorothioate anti-sense E2A-PBX1 oligonucleotide (AON) with a mAb specific for a CD19 receptor (αCD19-AON) was prepared as a CD19-directed and leukemia-specific biotherapeutic agent against E2A-PBX1(+) B-lineage ALL. Treatment of E2A-PBX1(+) leukemia cells with low nanomolar concentrations of αCD19-AON resulted in selective depletion of E2A-PBX1 transcripts and caused apoptotic destruction and abrogation of clonogenic growth. Subcutaneously administered αCD19-AON at a total dose level of 93 nmol kg(-1) delivered over 14 days using a micro-osmotic pump more than doubled the leukemia-free survival time of SCID mice in a xenograft model of E2A-PBX1(+) human B-lineage ALL (82.0 ± 1.9 days vs. 37.0 ± 0.1 days, P < 0.0001). Both the AON moiety and the targeting CD19-specific mAb moiety were required for the in vitro as well as in vivo anti-leukemic activity of αCD19-AON. The observed in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemic potency of the αCD19-AON immunoconjugate provides the first preclinical proof-of-principle that t(1;19)(+) high risk B-lineage ALL can be treated with leukemia-specific biotherapeutic agents that knock-down E2A-PBX1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih M Uckun
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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Serine phosphorylation by SYK is critical for nuclear localization and transcription factor function of Ikaros. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:18072-7. [PMID: 23071339 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209828109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ikaros is a zinc finger-containing DNA-binding protein that plays a pivotal role in immune homeostasis through transcriptional regulation of the earliest stages of lymphocyte ontogeny and differentiation. Functional deficiency of Ikaros has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common form of childhood cancer. Therefore, a stringent regulation of Ikaros activity is considered of paramount importance, but the operative molecular mechanisms responsible for its regulation remain largely unknown. Here we provide multifaceted genetic and biochemical evidence for a previously unknown function of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) as a partner and posttranslational regulator of Ikaros. We demonstrate that SYK phoshorylates Ikaros at unique C-terminal serine phosphorylation sites S358 and S361, thereby augmenting its nuclear localization and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Mechanistically, we establish that SYK-induced Ikaros activation is essential for its nuclear localization and optimal transcription factor function.
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12
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Fargier G, Favard C, Parmeggiani A, Sahuquet A, Mérezègue F, Morel A, Denis M, Molinari N, Mangeat PH, Coopman PJ, Montcourrier P. Centrosomal targeting of Syk kinase is controlled by its catalytic activity and depends on microtubules and the dynein motor. FASEB J 2012; 27:109-22. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-202465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fargier
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
| | - Cyril Favard
- Centre d'Etudes d'Agents Pathogénes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé (CPBS), CNRS UMR 5236Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
| | - Andrea Parmeggiani
- CNRS, UMR 5235, Biological Physics and System BiologyUniversité Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
| | - Alain Sahuquet
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
| | - Fabrice Mérezègue
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
| | - Anne Morel
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
| | - Marie Denis
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Unité Pédagogique MédicaleInstitut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Université Montpellier 1MontpellierFrance
| | - Nicolas Molinari
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Unité Pédagogique MédicaleInstitut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Université Montpellier 1MontpellierFrance
| | - Paul H. Mangeat
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
| | - Peter J. Coopman
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM)Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U896Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer (CRLC) Val d'AurelleUniversité Montpellier 1MontpellierFrance
| | - Philippe Montcourrier
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5237Universités Montpellier 1 and Montpellier 2MontpellierFrance
- Equipe Labellisée 2007 Ligue Nationale contre le CancerParisFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM)Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U896Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer (CRLC) Val d'AurelleUniversité Montpellier 1MontpellierFrance
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Sensitive kinase assay linked with phosphoproteomics for identifying direct kinase substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:5615-20. [PMID: 22451900 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1119418109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the molecular control of many disease pathologies requires the identification of direct substrates targeted by specific protein kinases. Here we describe an integrated proteomic strategy, termed kinase assay linked with phosphoproteomics, which combines a sensitive kinase reaction with endogenous kinase-dependent phosphoproteomics to identify direct substrates of protein kinases. The unique in vitro kinase reaction is carried out in a highly efficient manner using a pool of peptides derived directly from cellular kinase substrates and then dephosphorylated as substrate candidates. The resulting newly phosphorylated peptides are then isolated and identified by mass spectrometry. A further comparison of these in vitro phosphorylated peptides with phosphopeptides derived from endogenous proteins isolated from cells in which the kinase is either active or inhibited reveals new candidate protein substrates. The kinase assay linked with phosphoproteomics strategy was applied to identify unique substrates of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a protein-tyrosine kinase with duel properties of an oncogene and a tumor suppressor in distinctive cell types. We identified 64 and 23 direct substrates of Syk specific to B cells and breast cancer cells, respectively. Both known and unique substrates, including multiple centrosomal substrates for Syk, were identified, supporting a unique mechanism that Syk negatively affects cell division through its centrosomal kinase activity.
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Du ZM, Kou CW, Wang HY, Huang MY, Liao DZ, Hu CF, Chen J, Yan LX, Hu LF, Ernberg I, Zeng YX, Shao JY. Clinical significance of elevated spleen tyrosine kinase expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2012; 34:1456-64. [PMID: 22287277 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase and often aberrantly expressed in human cancers. However, Syk expression pattern has not yet been investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Samples of 223 NPC tissues were immunohistochemically stained for Syk expression and survival analysis was then performed. Interaction and co-localization of Syk with Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) was explored. RESULTS High expression of Syk was detected in 24% of NPC cases, and correlated significantly with T classification, local recurrence, a lower 5-year survival rate, and a lower 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate. Syk expression was a significant, independent prognosis predictor for patients with NPC. LMP2A induced Syk expression in NPC and LMP2A high expression correlated with Syk high expression in NPC clinical samples. CONCLUSION High expression of Syk, which results partly from LMP2A expression in NPC, is associated with tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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Christoph DC, Schuler M. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitors in mono- and combination therapies: a new strategy for treating malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2011; 11:1115-30. [PMID: 21806334 DOI: 10.1586/era.11.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitors belong to a new class of drugs for the treatment of malignant diseases. They selectively act against a target (Plk1) which is involved in different stages of mitosis such as centrosome maturation, spindle formation, chromosome separation and cytokinesis. Because Plk1 is mainly expressed in proliferating tissues and overexpressed in cancers, its inhibition is potentially less prone to toxicities associated with current antimitotic agents, which also act on nondividing cells. Several Plk1 inhibitors are being evaluated as cancer treatment drugs. Based on the essential role of Plk1 during mitosis, Plk1 inhibitors target all rapidly dividing cells irrespective of their tumor suppressor or oncogene mutations. In this article, their mechanisms of action, efficacy and toxicity profile are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Christoph
- West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
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Bohnenberger H, Oellerich T, Engelke M, Hsiao HH, Urlaub H, Wienands J. Complex phosphorylation dynamics control the composition of the Syk interactome in B cells. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:1550-62. [PMID: 21469132 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase Syk provides critical transducer functions for a number of immune cell receptors and has been implicated in the generation of several forms of leukemias. Catalytic activity and the ability of Syk to interact with other signaling elements depend on the phosphorylation status of Syk. We have now identified and quantified the full spectrum of phosphoacceptor sites in human Syk as well as the interactome of Syk in resting and activated B cells by high-resolution mass spectrometry. While the majority of inducible phosphorylations occurred on tyrosine residues, one of the most frequently detected phosphosites encompassed serine 297 located within the linker insert distinguishing the long and short isoforms of Syk. Full-length Syk can associate with more than 25 distinct ligands including the 14-3-3γ adaptor protein, which binds directly to phosphoserine 297. The latter complex attenuates inducible plasma membrane recruitment of Syk, thereby limiting antigen receptor-proximal signaling pathways. Collectively, the established ligand library provides a basis to understand the complexity of the Syk signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanibal Bohnenberger
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee, Göttingen, Germany
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Uckun FM, Qazi S, Ozer Z, Garner AL, Pitt J, Ma H, Janda KD. Inducing apoptosis in chemotherapy-resistant B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells by targeting HSPA5, a master regulator of the anti-apoptotic unfolded protein response signalling network. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:741-52. [PMID: 21517817 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08671.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We present previously unknown evidence that the immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein BIP/HSPA5, also known as glucose regulated protein (GRP)78, serving as a pivotal component of the pro-survival axis of the unfolded protein response (UPR) signalling network, is abundantly expressed in relapsed B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and contributes to chemotherapy resistance of leukaemic B-cell precursors. The resistance of B-lineage ALL cells to the standard anti-leukaemic drug vincristine was overcome by the HSPA5 inhibitor epigallocatechin gallate, which inhibits the anti-apoptotic function of HSPA5 by targeting its ATP-binding domain. Notably, chemotherapy-resistant B-lineage ALL cells underwent apoptosis within 48 h of exposure to a doxorubicin-conjugated cell-penetrating cyclic anti-HSPA5 peptide targeting surface-expressed HSPA5 molecules on leukaemia cells. The identification of the HSPA5 as a chemoresistance biomarker and molecular target for B-lineage ALL may lead to new anti-leukaemic treatment strategies that are much needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih M Uckun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Uckun FM, Dibirdik I, Qazi S. Augmentation of the Antileukemia Potency of Total-Body Irradiation (TBI) by a Novel P-site Inhibitor of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK). Radiat Res 2010; 174:526-31. [DOI: 10.1667/rr2246.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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