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Min J, Foo ACY, Gabel SA, Perera L, DeRose EF, Pomés A, Pedersen LC, Mueller GA. Structural and ligand binding analysis of the pet allergens Can f 1 and Fel d 7. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1133412. [PMID: 36960093 PMCID: PMC10028261 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1133412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pet lipocalins are respiratory allergens with a central hydrophobic ligand-binding cavity called a calyx. Molecules carried in the calyx by allergens are suggested to influence allergenicity, but little is known about the native ligands. Methods To provide more information on prospective ligands, we report crystal structures, NMR, molecular dynamics, and florescence studies of a dog lipocalin allergen Can f 1 and its closely related (and cross-reactive) cat allergen Fel d 7. Results Structural comparisons with reported lipocalins revealed that Can f 1 and Fel d 7 calyxes are open and positively charged while other dog lipocalin allergens are closed and negatively charged. We screened fatty acids as surrogate ligands, and found that Can f 1 and Fel d 7 bind multiple ligands with preferences for palmitic acid (16:0) among saturated fatty acids and oleic acid (18:1 cis-9) among unsaturated ones. NMR analysis of methyl probes reveals that conformational changes occur upon binding of pinolenic acid inside the calyx. Molecular dynamics simulation shows that the carboxylic group of fatty acids shuttles between two positively charged amino acids inside the Can f 1 and Fel d 7 calyx. Consistent with simulations, the stoichiometry of oleic acid-binding is 2:1 (fatty acid: protein) for Can f 1 and Fel d 7. Discussion The results provide valuable insights into the determinants of selectivity and candidate ligands for pet lipocalin allergens Can f 1 and Fel d 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungki Min
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexander C. Y. Foo
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Scott A. Gabel
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lalith Perera
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Eugene F. DeRose
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anna Pomés
- Basic Research, InBio, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Lars C. Pedersen
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Geoffrey A. Mueller
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
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Kumar R, Gaur S, Agarwal M, Menon B, Goel N, Mrigpuri P, Spalgais S, Priya A, Kumar K, Meena R, Sankararaman N, Verma A, Gupta V, Sonal, Prakash A, Safwan MA, Behera D, Singh A, Arora N, Prasad R, Padukudru M, Kant S, Janmeja A, Mohan A, Jain V, Nagendra Prasad K, Nagaraju K, Goyal M. Indian Guidelines for diagnosis of respiratory allergy. INDIAN JOURNAL OF ALLERGY, ASTHMA AND IMMUNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/0972-6691.367373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Particle matter, volatile organic compounds, and occupational allergens: correlation and sources in laboratory animal facilities. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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4
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Tomita A, Cuadros DF, Burns JK, Tanser F, Slotow R. Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008-2015. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4:e223-e234. [PMID: 32559439 PMCID: PMC7302423 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and economic development have led to an unprecedented number of waste sites in developing countries. This challenge has become a contentious international relations issue, with an unsustainable amount of waste and its health consequences often being borne by developing countries. However, little national-level evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify the association between exposure to waste sites and health. METHODS We used panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) to investigate the association between exposure to waste sites and asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and depression. The SA-NIDS is a panel survey of a nationally representative sample in South Africa, which includes data reporting the health status of 32 255 individuals between 2008 and 2015. The study exposure was distance of households, in km, to the nearest waste site, derived from waste site geospatial locations from the South Africa Waste Information System. FINDINGS We observed a substantial increase in exposure of households to waste sites between 2008 and 2015. The median distance between study households and waste sites decreased from 68·3 km (IQR 31·1-111·7) to 8·5 km (3·0-23·7). Residing within 5 km of a waste site was significantly associated with asthma (adjusted relative risk 1·41; 95% CI 1·20-1·64), tuberculosis (1·18; 1·02-1·36), diabetes (1·25; 1·05-1·49), and depression (1·08; 1·03-1·14). The association persisted even after controlling for multiple socioeconomic factors. INTERPRETATION We identified multiple adverse health outcomes in individuals living close to waste sites at a national level in South Africa, suggesting the need to reduce the number and size of waste sites to diminish harmful effects on health and wellbeing for communities living in close proximity to such sites. FUNDING South African Medical Research Council, South African National Treasury, and Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tomita
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Diego F Cuadros
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, and Health Geography and Disease Modeling Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan K Burns
- Department of Psychiatry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Frank Tanser
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Lincoln International Institute for Rural Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK; Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Rob Slotow
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Ferrari E, Corsini R, Burastero SE, Tanfani F, Spisni A. The allergen Mus m 1.0102: Cysteine residues and molecular allergology. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:1-12. [PMID: 32044430 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mus m 1.0102 is a member of the mouse Major Urinary Protein family, belonging to the Lipocalins superfamily. Major Urinary Proteins (MUPs) are characterized by highly conserved structural motifs. These include a disulphide bond, involved in protein oxidative folding and protein structure stabilization, and a free cysteine residue, substituted by serine only in the pheromonal protein Darcin (MUP20). The free cysteine is recognized as responsible for the onset of inter- or intramolecular thiol/disulphide exchange, an event that favours protein aggregation. Here we show that the substitution of selected cysteine residues modulates Mus m 1.0102 protein folding, fold stability and unfolding reversibility, while maintaining its allergenic potency. Recombinant allergens used for immunotherapy or employed in allergy diagnostic kits require, as essential features, conformational stability, sample homogeneity and proper immunogenicity. In this perspective, recombinant Mus m 1.0102 might appear reasonably adequate as lead molecule because of its allergenic potential and thermal stability. However, its modest resistance to aggregation renders the protein unsuitable for pharmacological preparations. Point mutation is considered a winning strategy. We report that, among the tested mutants, C138A mutant acquires a structure more resistant to thermal stress and less prone to aggregation, two events that act positively on the protein shelf life. Those features make that MUP variant an attractive lead molecule for the development of a diagnostic kit and/or a vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ferrari
- Dept. Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Romina Corsini
- Dept. Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Samuele E Burastero
- Div. Immunology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy.
| | - Fabio Tanfani
- Dept. Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alberto Spisni
- Dept. Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
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Simoneti CS, Nocera TSB, Vianna EO. Exposição prolongada a animais de laboratório está associada ao aumento de casos de asma. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2317-6369000036718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: descrever o resultado do acompanhamento de trabalhadores sensibilizados a animais de laboratório que prolongaram sua exposição. Métodos: após um período de aproximadamente 7 anos, entramos em contato com todos os indivíduos com sensibilização alérgica ocupacional detectada em estudo anterior. Um questionário foi aplicado para situação ocupacional atual, relação entre alergia e a decisão de deixar o trabalho ou exposição e para asma, sibilância, rinite, sintomas cutâneos e dispneia noturna. Resultados: dos 74 indivíduos com sensibilização ocupacional, 45 responderam ao questionário na segunda avaliação e 37 ainda estavam expostos. Ao comparar os dados da primeira avaliação com os da avaliação atual, observou-se um aumento na frequência de asma. Na primeira avaliação, entre todos os sensibilizados (n = 74), 27,0% responderam sim a ambas as questões “Você tem ou já teve asma?” e “A asma foi diagnosticada por um médico?”. Na segunda avaliação, 7 anos depois, dos 37 sujeitos que ainda estavam expostos, 51,3% responderam sim a essas questões (OR: 2,80; IC95%: 1,23-6,38; p = 0,013). Não houve mudança na frequência de respostas positivas às outras perguntas. Conclusão: os dados demonstram aumento da frequência de asma entre trabalhadores com sensibilização ocupacional que prolongam a exposição a animais de laboratório.
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El-Zaemey S, Carey RN, Darcey E, Reid A, Glass DC, Benke GP, Driscoll TR, Peters S, Si S, Abramson MJ, Fritschi L. Prevalence of occupational exposure to asthmagens derived from animals, fish and/or shellfish among Australian workers. Occup Environ Med 2017; 75:310-316. [PMID: 29175990 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several animal, fish and/or shellfish derived substances encountered in the workplace can initiate or exacerbate asthma. The aims of this study were: to produce a population-based estimate of the current prevalence of occupational exposure to animal, fish and/or shellfish derived asthmagens, to identify the main circumstances of exposures and to identify occupations with the highest proportions of exposed respondents. METHODS We used data from the Australian Work Exposure Study-Asthma, a national telephone survey that investigated the current prevalence of occupational exposure to asthmagens among Australian workers. A web-based tool was used to collect job task information and assign exposure to asthmagens, including animal, fish and/or shellfish derived asthmagens. Prevalence ratios to determine risk factors for exposure were estimated using modified Poisson regression. RESULTS Of the 4878 respondents, 12.4% were exposed to asthmagens derived from animals, fish and/or shellfish. Exposure to these asthmagens was significantly higher in workers residing in regional and remote areas, compared with major cities. The main circumstance of exposure to animal derived asthmagens was through cleaning up rat/mice infestations, while the main circumstance of exposure to fish and/or shellfish derived asthmagens was through preparing and cooking salmon. Occupational groups with the highest proportion of exposure to animal or fish and/or shellfish derived asthmagens were farmers/animal workers and food workers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study investigating occupational exposure to animal, fish and/or shellfish derived asthmagens in a nationwide working population. The results of this study can be used to inform the direction of occupational interventions and policies to reduce work-related asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia El-Zaemey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Renee N Carey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ellie Darcey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alison Reid
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Deborah Catherine Glass
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geza P Benke
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim R Driscoll
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Peters
- School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Si Si
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergen extracts are still widely used in allergy diagnosis as they are regarded as sensitive screening tools despite the fact that they may lack some minor allergens. Another drawback of extracts is their low specificity, which is due to the presence of cross-reactive allergens. Progress in allergen identification has disclosed a number of allergenic molecules of homologous sequence and structure which are present in different animal species. This review summarizes recent advances in mammalian and fish allergen identification and focuses on their clinical relevance. RECENT FINDINGS Serum albumins and parvalbumins are well-known animal panallergens. More recently several members of the lipocalin family were found to be cross-reactive between furry animals whereas in fish, additional allergens, enolase, aldolase and collagen, were found to be important and cross-reactive allergens. New epidemiological studies have analysed the prevalence and clinical relevance of mammalian and fish components. Primary sensitization can be distinguished from cross-sensitization by using marker allergens. Although substantial progress has been made in allergen identification, only few markers are commercially available for routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to evaluate the most recent findings on indoor allergens and their impact on allergic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Indoor allergens are present inside buildings (home, work environment, school), and given the chronic nature of the exposures, indoor allergies tend to be associated with the development of asthma. The most common indoor allergens are derived from dust mites, cockroaches, mammals (including wild rodents and pets), and fungi. The advent of molecular biology and proteomics has led to the identification, cloning, and expression of new indoor allergens, which have facilitated research to elucidate their role in allergic diseases. This review is an update on new allergens and their molecular features, together with the most recent reports on their avoidance for allergy prevention and their use for diagnosis and treatment. Research progress on indoor allergens will result in the development of new diagnostic tools and design of coherent strategies for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pomés
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
| | - Martin D Chapman
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Sabina Wünschmann
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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Kampitak T, Betschel SD. Anaphylaxis in laboratory workers because of rodent handling: two case reports. J Occup Health 2016; 58:381-3. [PMID: 27265535 PMCID: PMC5356946 DOI: 10.1539/joh.16-0053-cs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Occupational allergy to rodents among laboratory animal workers is common. Most patients generally experience allergic symptoms after the first few years of work. Associated symptoms are usually mild, such as rhinoconjunctivits, urticaria, and asthma. Anaphylaxis, although rare, could be severe and life threatening. Methods: We have described in this study two cases of laboratory workers that developed skin and respiratory reactions following laboratory rat and mouse bites, consistent with anaphylaxis. Results: Skin testing was found positive for rat epithelium in the patient with anaphylaxis due to rat bite. Elevated levels of specific IgE antibodies against rat and mouse epitheliums were also detected in both the patients. Conclusion: These cases illustrate a severe hypersensitivity reaction that could potentially occur in occupational workers that are in close contact with rodents. Reduction of allergen exposure, regular screening, and job modification could be beneficial for affected individuals. Health care workers should be made aware that anaphylaxis could be a serious consequence of laboratory animal bites, particularly in those already sensitized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatchai Kampitak
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
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Pomés A, Chapman MD, Wünschmann S. Indoor Allergens and Allergic Respiratory Disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2016. [PMID: 27184001 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0622-9.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to evaluate the most recent findings on indoor allergens and their impact on allergic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Indoor allergens are present inside buildings (home, work environment, school), and given the chronic nature of the exposures, indoor allergies tend to be associated with the development of asthma. The most common indoor allergens are derived from dust mites, cockroaches, mammals (including wild rodents and pets), and fungi. The advent of molecular biology and proteomics has led to the identification, cloning, and expression of new indoor allergens, which have facilitated research to elucidate their role in allergic diseases. This review is an update on new allergens and their molecular features, together with the most recent reports on their avoidance for allergy prevention and their use for diagnosis and treatment. Research progress on indoor allergens will result in the development of new diagnostic tools and design of coherent strategies for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pomés
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
| | - Martin D Chapman
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Sabina Wünschmann
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., 700 Harris Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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Matricardi PM, Kleine-Tebbe J, Hoffmann HJ, Valenta R, Hilger C, Hofmaier S, Aalberse RC, Agache I, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barber D, Beyer K, Biedermann T, Bilò MB, Blank S, Bohle B, Bosshard PP, Breiteneder H, Brough HA, Caraballo L, Caubet JC, Crameri R, Davies JM, Douladiris N, Ebisawa M, EIgenmann PA, Fernandez-Rivas M, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G, Glatz M, Hamilton RG, Hawranek T, Hellings P, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jakob T, Jappe U, Jutel M, Kamath SD, Knol EF, Korosec P, Kuehn A, Lack G, Lopata AL, Mäkelä M, Morisset M, Niederberger V, Nowak-Węgrzyn AH, Papadopoulos NG, Pastorello EA, Pauli G, Platts-Mills T, Posa D, Poulsen LK, Raulf M, Sastre J, Scala E, Schmid JM, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, van Hage M, van Ree R, Vieths S, Weber R, Wickman M, Muraro A, Ollert M. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27 Suppl 23:1-250. [PMID: 27288833 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of allergen molecules ('components') from several protein families has advanced our understanding of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated responses and enabled 'component-resolved diagnosis' (CRD). The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Molecular Allergology User's Guide (MAUG) provides comprehensive information on important allergens and describes the diagnostic options using CRD. Part A of the EAACI MAUG introduces allergen molecules, families, composition of extracts, databases, and diagnostic IgE, skin, and basophil tests. Singleplex and multiplex IgE assays with components improve both sensitivity for low-abundance allergens and analytical specificity; IgE to individual allergens can yield information on clinical risks and distinguish cross-reactivity from true primary sensitization. Part B discusses the clinical and molecular aspects of IgE-mediated allergies to foods (including nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, milk, egg, meat, fish, and shellfish), inhalants (pollen, mold spores, mites, and animal dander), and Hymenoptera venom. Diagnostic algorithms and short case histories provide useful information for the clinical workup of allergic individuals targeted for CRD. Part C covers protein families containing ubiquitous, highly cross-reactive panallergens from plant (lipid transfer proteins, polcalcins, PR-10, profilins) and animal sources (lipocalins, parvalbumins, serum albumins, tropomyosins) and explains their diagnostic and clinical utility. Part D lists 100 important allergen molecules. In conclusion, IgE-mediated reactions and allergic diseases, including allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, food reactions, and insect sting reactions, are discussed from a novel molecular perspective. The EAACI MAUG documents the rapid progression of molecular allergology from basic research to its integration into clinical practice, a quantum leap in the management of allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Matricardi
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic Ackermann, Hanf, & Kleine-Tebbe, Berlin, Germany
| | - H J Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Hilger
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - S Hofmaier
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - R C Aalberse
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Agache
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - R Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - B Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Barber
- IMMA-School of Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Beyer
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M B Bilò
- Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B Bohle
- Division of Experimental Allergology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P P Bosshard
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H A Brough
- Paediatric Allergy, Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, Guys' Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, The University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - J C Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Crameri
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - J M Davies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - N Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National & Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - P A EIgenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fernandez-Rivas
- Allergy Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Ferreira
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - G Gadermaier
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Glatz
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - R G Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Hawranek
- Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - P Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - U Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Research Centre Borstel, Airway Research Centre North (ARCN), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Division, Department of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S D Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville City, Qld, Australia
| | - E F Knol
- Departments of Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P Korosec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - A Kuehn
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - G Lack
- King's College London, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A L Lopata
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Morisset
- National Service of Immuno-Allergology, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, UK
| | - V Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A H Nowak-Węgrzyn
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - N G Papadopoulos
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E A Pastorello
- Unit of Allergology and Immunology, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pauli
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - T Platts-Mills
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - D Posa
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - L K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - J Sastre
- Allergy Division, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Scala
- Experimental Allergy Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - J M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Vieths
- Department of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - R Weber
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health Service, Denver, CO, USA
| | - M Wickman
- Sachs' Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Muraro
- The Referral Centre for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment Veneto Region, Department of Mother and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Specific immunotherapy and biological treatments for occupational allergy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 14:576-81. [PMID: 25115685 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Occupational allergy represents a substantial health, social, and financial burden for the society. Its management is a complex task that, in selected cases, may also include allergen-specific immunotherapy. The purpose of this article is to review clinical data on allergen immunotherapy and biological treatments applied to occupational allergy in 2013. RECENT FINDINGS Immunotherapy in occupational allergic diseases has been scarcely used, and only for a few sensitizers, such as latex, flour, and Hymenoptera venom, partly due to the lack of standardized extracts. The recent use of the molecular diagnosis can improve the indication and selection of suitable allergens for preparing new standardized and powerful extracts for immunotherapy. Some recent reports suggest a beneficial role of treatment with omalizumab in workers with occupational asthma who continue to be exposed to the causal agent. SUMMARY Although scarce, available data suggest that immunotherapy and biological treatments may allow allergic workers to continue their work activity, but further studies are needed to standardize extracts and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these treatments, when exposure at the workplace cannot be avoided.
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Frye MJ, Firth C, Bhat M, Firth MA, Che X, Lee D, Williams SH, Lipkin WI. Preliminary Survey of Ectoparasites and Associated Pathogens from Norway Rats in New York City. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 52:253-9. [PMID: 26336309 PMCID: PMC4481720 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) is a reservoir of many zoonotic pathogens and lives in close proximity to humans in urban environments. Human infection with rodent-borne disease occurs either directly through contact with a rat or its excreta, or indirectly via arthropod vectors such as fleas and ticks. Here, we report on the diversity and abundance of ectoparasitic arthropod species and associated pathogenic bacteria from 133 Norway rats trapped over a 10-mo period in Manhattan, New York, NY. Norway rats were host to the tropical rat mite [Ornithonyssus bacoti (Hirst)], the spiny rat mite (Laelaps echidnina Berlese), Laelaps nuttalli Hirst, the spined rat louse [Polyplax spinulosa (Burmeister)], and the Oriental rat flea [(Xenopsylla cheopis) (Rothschild)], with an average of 1.7 species per individual. A flea index of 4.1 X. cheopis was determined, whereas previous studies in New York City reported 0.22 fleas per rat. Multiple species of pathogenic Bartonella were identified from Oriental rat fleas that were related to Bartonella tribocorum, Bartonella rochalimae, and Bartonella elizabethae. However, no evidence of Yersinia pestis or Rickettsia spp. infection was detected in fleas. The identification of multiple medically important ectoparasite species in New York City underscores the need for future efforts to fully characterize the diversity and distribution of ectoparasites on Norway rats, and assess the risk to humans of vector-borne disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Frye
- New York State IPM Program, 630W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456
| | - C Firth
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032 Current affiliation: CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Bhat
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032 Current affiliation: The Nature Conservancy, North America Region, New York, NY
| | - M A Firth
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 Current affiliation: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1 G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - X Che
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032
| | - D Lee
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032
| | - S H Williams
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032
| | - W I Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032
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Pollutions à l’intérieur des espaces clos : sources, niveaux et impact sanitaire. Volet 1 : contaminants biologiques. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Crivellaro M, Senna G, Marcer G, Passalacqua G. Immunological treatments for occupational allergy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2014; 26:579-84. [PMID: 24067454 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although avoidance of occupational triggers remains the primary step in the management of work-related allergies, immunological treatments (including biological agents and specific immunotherapy) can be regarded as potential therapeutic options for IgE-mediated diseases; for example, many studies with allergen-specific immunotherapy have been carried out on latex allergy, showing overall favorable results, at least with sublingual immunotherapy. On the other hand, only few case reports have suggested the efficacy of immunotherapy in baker's asthma as well as in laboratory animal-induced asthma. The new technologies, including component-resolved diagnosis and recombinant allergens, are expected to improve the quality and efficacy of specific immunotherapy in the future. Also the use of omalizumab may represent a suitable therapeutic choice in very selected cases of occupational allergy, as well as an approach to reduce side effects of venom immunotherapy in subjects with previous severe reactions to the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Crivellaro
- Allergology Service, Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Abstract
Exposure to animal allergens is a major risk factor for sensitization and allergic diseases. Besides mites and cockroaches, the most important animal allergens are derived from mammals. Cat and dog allergies affect the general population; whereas, allergies to rodents or cattle is an occupational problem. Exposure to animal allergens is not limited to direct contact to animals. Based on their aerodynamic properties, mammalian allergens easily become airborne, attach to clothing and hair, and can be spread from one environment to another. For example, the major cat allergen Fel d 1 was frequently found in homes without pets and in public buildings, including schools, day-care centers, and hospitals. Allergen concentrations in a particular environment showed high variability depending on numerous factors. Assessment of allergen exposure levels is a stepwise process that involves dust collection, allergen quantification, and data analysis. Whereas a number of different dust sampling strategies are used, ELISA assays have prevailed in the last years as the standard technique for quantification of allergen concentrations. This review focuses on allergens arising from domestic, farm, and laboratory animals and describes the ubiquity of mammalian allergens in the human environment. It includes an overview of exposure assessment studies carried out in different indoor settings (homes, schools, workplaces) using numerous sampling and analytical methods and summarizes significant factors influencing exposure levels. However, methodological differences among studies have contributed to the variability of the findings and make comparisons between studies difficult. Therefore, a general standardization of methods is needed and recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zahradnik
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
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Zahradnik E, Raulf M. Animal allergens and their presence in the environment. Front Immunol 2014; 5:76. [PMID: 24624129 PMCID: PMC3939690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to animal allergens is a major risk factor for sensitization and allergic diseases. Besides mites and cockroaches, the most important animal allergens are derived from mammals. Cat and dog allergies affect the general population; whereas, allergies to rodents or cattle is an occupational problem. Exposure to animal allergens is not limited to direct contact to animals. Based on their aerodynamic properties, mammalian allergens easily become airborne, attach to clothing and hair, and can be spread from one environment to another. For example, the major cat allergen Fel d 1 was frequently found in homes without pets and in public buildings, including schools, day-care centers, and hospitals. Allergen concentrations in a particular environment showed high variability depending on numerous factors. Assessment of allergen exposure levels is a stepwise process that involves dust collection, allergen quantification, and data analysis. Whereas a number of different dust sampling strategies are used, ELISA assays have prevailed in the last years as the standard technique for quantification of allergen concentrations. This review focuses on allergens arising from domestic, farm, and laboratory animals and describes the ubiquity of mammalian allergens in the human environment. It includes an overview of exposure assessment studies carried out in different indoor settings (homes, schools, workplaces) using numerous sampling and analytical methods and summarizes significant factors influencing exposure levels. However, methodological differences among studies have contributed to the variability of the findings and make comparisons between studies difficult. Therefore, a general standardization of methods is needed and recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zahradnik
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
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The characteristics, treatment and prevention of laboratory animal allergy. Lab Anim (NY) 2013; 42:26-33. [PMID: 23246890 DOI: 10.1038/laban.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is a pervasive problem that affects up to one-third of laboratory animal personnel. An immediate hypersensitivity reaction can be triggered by contact with antigens present in urine, hair, dander and saliva of laboratory animals. The authors provide an overview of the epidemiology, triggering mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of LAA. They also discuss primary and secondary prevention measures that can be taken to reduce LAA morbidity and to allow personnel suffering from LAA to safely continue to do their jobs.
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Bunyavanich S, Donovan MA, Sherry JM, Diamond DV. Immunotherapy for mouse bite anaphylaxis and allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 111:223-4. [PMID: 23987202 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liccardi G, Baldi G, Ciccarelli A, Cutajar M, D’Amato M, Gargano D, Giannattasio D, Leone G, Schiavo ML, Madonna F, Menna G, Montera C, Pio A, Russo M, Salzillo A, Stanziola A, D’Amato G. Sensitization to rodents (mouse/rat) in urban atopic populations without occupational exposure living in Campania district (Southern Italy): a multicenter study. Multidiscip Respir Med 2013; 8:30. [PMID: 23591013 PMCID: PMC3648364 DOI: 10.1186/2049-6958-8-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to now very few data on allergic sensitization to rodent allergens in Western Europe and Italy are available, and there are no information at district level.The aim of this report was to investigate clinical significance and characteristics of allergic sensitization to mouse/rat (M/Rt) allergens in atopic subjects living in Campania district (Southern Italy). METHODS Allergists from the whole Campania district were required to report the results of skin prick tests of at least 100 consecutive subjects. In 1,477 consecutive outpatients, we selected all subjects with an immediate skin reaction to M/Rt dander. Clinical history including a careful evaluation of the modality of exposure and the results of skin-prick tests (SPTs) were recorded. RESULTS Fifty seven patients were sensitized to M/Rt dander (5.78%). Two patients were mono-sensitized. Fourteen patients reported indoor conditions suggesting presence of rodents allergens at home. All patients exhibited low-moderate degree of SPT positivity to M/Rt. High frequency of concomitant allergic sensitization to dust mites was found. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the role of allergic sensitization to rodents is not negligible in atopic subjects without occupational exposure living in Campania district area; these values are higher in comparison to those previously found in Naples area. Highly atopic individuals should be tested by SPTs/evaluation of serum specific IgE to rodents in the case they should begin an occupational exposure to M/Rt or keep these animals as pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Liccardi
- Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology. High Speciality “A.Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Gennaro Baldi
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, ASL (District 66), Salerno, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Anna Ciccarelli
- Allergy Unit, Presidio Sanitario Polispecialistico “Loreto Crispi”, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Marina Cutajar
- Allergy Center, Division of Internal Medicine.,Ospedali Riuniti Penisola Sorrentina, Sorrento, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Maria D’Amato
- Department of Respiratory Disease, “Federico II” University – AO “Dei Colli”, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Domenico Gargano
- Allergy Unit. High Speciality “San Giuseppe Moscati” Hospital, Avellino, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Domenico Giannattasio
- Respiratory physiopathology and allergy,HighSpecialityCenter. “S.Maria Incoronata dell’Olmo” Hospital, Cava dei tirreni, Salerno, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Gennaro Leone
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit. High Speciality “Sant’Anna and San Sebastiano” Hospital, Caserta, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Mario Lo Schiavo
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, “G. Fucito” Hospital and University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Francesco Madonna
- Allergy Unit, ASL (Sanitary District n°12), Caserta, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | | | - Carmen Montera
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, “G. Fucito” Hospital and University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Antonio Pio
- Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology. High Speciality “A.Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology. High Speciality “A.Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Antonello Salzillo
- Department of Respiratory Disease, “Federico II” University – AO “Dei Colli”, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Anna Stanziola
- Department of Respiratory Disease, “Federico II” University – AO “Dei Colli”, Naples, Italy
- Italian Association of Hospital and Territorial Allergologists (AAITO), Campania District, Southern Italy, Italy
| | - Gennaro D’Amato
- Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Pneumology and Allergology. High Speciality “A.Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
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[Workplace-related respiratory allergies. Current developments]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2012; 55:363-72. [PMID: 22373850 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-011-1432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
It is common that the inhalation of occupational allergens induces occupational airway diseases, but the inducers are diverse and complex, and the pathomechanism of the disease is not clear in every case. Only few allergens have been studied in detail (e.g., wheat flour and natural rubber latex), and most of the occupational airway sensitizers have only been documented as case reports. This review describes occupational type I aeroallergens according to their source (plant, animal, microbial, and chemical) and workplace application area. New aspects on the diagnosis and legal preventive regulations for occupational allergic airway diseases are described.
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It's time to rethink mite allergen avoidance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:723-727.e6. [PMID: 21855978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of allergen exposure in the etiology of allergic sensitization and asthma is complex. Advice on strategies to avoid domestic allergens remains contentious because trials of interventions aimed to prevent asthma or reduce symptoms have often failed to demonstrate benefits. Asthma management guidelines differ widely in their recommendations, while Web-based information often claims benefits associated with products. In this rostrum we argue that although many factors have a role in both the etiology and the exacerbation of asthma, allergen exposure probably remains an important contributor to the manifestations of the disease. Currently, there is no evidence-based framework for effective domestic allergen avoidance interventions to reduce chronic aeroallergen exposure. The development of an effective approach to allergen avoidance requires a better understanding of (a) the physical nature of chronic aeroallergen exposure and methods for measuring and reducing this, (b) the interaction between allergen exposure and innate immune modulators at different disease stages, and (c) markers enabling the identification of individuals who would benefit from this. The strategic risk of overemphasizing other novel mechanisms and approaches to asthma management is that we will prematurely abandon and fail to improve an existing approach that could have a significant impact on the development, progression, and symptoms of the disease.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on new causative agents of occupational asthma published in 2009 and 2010. The recent developments in the diagnostic tools employed in occupational asthma caused by new agents are summarized. RECENT FINDINGS Work exposures are a significant contributor to the burden of asthma and, therefore, there is great scientific interest in work-related asthma. Although the majority of cases probably represent work-aggravated asthma, in a relevant proportion of cases asthma is actually caused by one or more agents present in the workplace. The list of causative agents of immunologically mediated occupational asthma is continuously growing, and new agents and professions are described each year. New insights gained in occupational asthma include routine evaluation of airway inflammation and identification of allergenic triggers using molecular diagnosis. SUMMARY A variety of novel high and low-molecular-weight agents have been shown to induce occupational asthma. Apart from the identification of the allergenic sources implicated, molecular diagnosis and detailed characterization of the culprit allergens contributes to increase our knowledge into the pathogenic mechanisms of this disorder. Assessment of airway inflammation helps to confirm the diagnosis and to better understand the physiopathology of the different types of occupational asthma.
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