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Jia B, Wang X, Ma F, Li X, Han X, Zhang L, Li J, Diao N, Shi K, Ge C, Yang F, Du R. The combination of SMRT sequencing and Illumina sequencing highlights organ-specific and age-specific expression patterns of miRNAs in Sika Deer. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1042445. [DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1042445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of high-quality Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) transcriptome and sRNAome across multiple organs or development stages, it is impossible to comprehensively analyze the mRNA and miRNA regulatory networks related to growth, development and immunity response. In this study, we used single molecule-real time sequencing (SMRT-seq) and Illumina sequencing methods to generate transcriptome and sRNAome from ten tissues and four age groups of Sika Deer to help us understand molecular characteristics and global miRNA expression profiles. The results showed that a total of 240,846 consensus transcripts were generated with an average length of 2,784 bp. 4,329 Transcription factors (TFs), 109,000 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) and 18,987 Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) were identified. Meanwhile, 306 known miRNAs and 143 novel miRNAs were obtained. A large number of miRNAs showed organ-specific and age-specific differential expression patterns. In particular, we found that the organ-specific miRNAs were enriched in the brain, some of which shared only between the brain and adrenal. These miRNAs were involved in maintaining specific functions within the brain and adrenal. By constructing miRNA96mRNA interaction networks associated with Sika Deer immunity, we found that miRNAs (miR-148a, miR-26a, miR-214, let-7b, etc.) and mRNAs (CD6, TRIM38, C3, CD163, etc.) might play an important role in the immune response of Sika Deer spleen. Together, our study generated an improved transcript annotation for Sika Deer by SMRT-seq and revealed the role of miRNA in regulating the growth, development and immunity response of Sika Deer.
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Alharbi AF, Sheng N, Nicol K, Strömberg N, Hollox EJ. Balancing selection at the human salivary agglutinin gene (DMBT1) driven by host-microbe interactions. iScience 2022; 25:104189. [PMID: 35494225 PMCID: PMC9038570 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering loci under balancing selection in humans can identify loci with alleles that affect response to the environment and disease. Genome variation data have identified the 5′ region of the DMBT1 gene as undergoing balancing selection in humans. DMBT1 encodes the pattern-recognition glycoprotein DMBT1, also known as SALSA, gp340, or salivary agglutinin. DMBT1 binds to a variety of pathogens through a tandemly arranged scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain, with the number of domains polymorphic in humans. We show that the signal of balancing selection is driven by one haplotype usually carrying a shorter SRCR repeat and another usually carrying a longer SRCR repeat. DMBT1 encoded by a shorter SRCR repeat allele does not bind a cariogenic and invasive Streptococcus mutans strain, in contrast to the long SRCR allele that shows binding. Our results suggest that balancing selection at DMBT1 is due to host-microbe interactions of encoded SRCR tandem repeat alleles. Clear evidence from many analyses show balancing selection at DMBT1 Scavenger-receptor cysteine-rich domain array associated with balancing selection Genetic variation, not alternative splicing, responsible for protein isoforms Long, but not short, DMBT1 isoforms bind a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel F. Alharbi
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Medina Regional Laboratory, General Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nongfei Sheng
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katie Nicol
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Edward J. Hollox
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Corresponding author
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Kiefer A, Plattner E, Ruppel R, Weiss C, Zhou-Suckow Z, Mall M, Renner M, Müller H. DMBT1 is upregulated in cystic fibrosis, affects ciliary motility, and is reduced by acetylcysteine. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35249163 PMCID: PMC8898207 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-022-00136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disorder in the Caucasian population. Despite remarkable improvements in morbidity and mortality during the last decades, the disease still limits survival and reduces quality of life of affected patients. Moreover, CF still represents substantial economic burden for healthcare systems. Inflammation and infection already start in early life and play important roles in pulmonary impairment. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential role of DMBT1, a protein with functions in inflammation, angiogenesis, and epithelial differentiation, in CF. RESULTS Immunohistochemically DMBT1 protein expression was upregulated in lung tissues of CF patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, pulmonary expression of Dmbt1 was approximately 6-fold increased in an established transgenic mouse model of CF-like lung disease (ENaC tg) compared to wild-type mice as detected by qRT-PCR. Since acetylcysteine (ACC) has been shown to reduce inflammatory markers in the airways, its potential influence on DMBT1 expression was analyzed. A549 cells stably transfected with an expression plasmid encoding the largest (8kb) DMBT1 variant (DMBT1+ cells) or an empty vector control (DMBT1- cells) and incubated with ACC both showed significantly reduced DMBT1 concentrations in the culture medium (p = 0.0001). To further elucidate the function of DMBT1 in pulmonary airways, respiratory epithelial cells were examined by phase contrast microscopy. Addition of human recombinant DMBT1 resulted in altered cilia motility and irregular beat waves (p < 0.0001) suggesting a potential effect of DMBT1 on airway clearance. CONCLUSIONS DMBT1 is part of inflammatory processes in CF and may be used as a potential biomarker for CF lung disease and a potential tool to monitor CF progression. Furthermore, DMBT1 has a negative effect on ciliary motility thereby possibly compromising airway clearance. Application of ACC, leading to reduced DMBT1 concentrations, could be a potential therapeutic option for CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kiefer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, St. Hedwig's Hospital of the Order of St. John, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erika Plattner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renate Ruppel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhe Zhou-Suckow
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Mall
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Renner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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4
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Diez S, Besendörfer M, Weyerer V, Hartmann A, Moosmann J, Weiss C, Renner M, Müller H. DMBT1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio during necrotizing enterocolitis are influenced by impaired perfusion due to cardiac anomalies. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:1. [PMID: 34989914 PMCID: PMC8739415 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-021-00133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is involved in innate immunity and epithelial differentiation. It has been proven to play a role in various states of inflammation or hypoxia of fetal gastrointestinal and pulmonary diseases. Discrimination of pathogenesis in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) based on cardiac status improves the understanding of NEC in different patient subgroups. We aimed at examining DMBT1 expressions regarding their association with cardiac status leading to impaired intestinal perfusion, intraoperative bacteria proof, and a fulminant course of NEC. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with NEC were treated surgically between 2010 and 2019 at our institution. DMBT1 expression was examined in intestinal sections using immunohistochemistry to detect DMBT1 protein. Associations of clinical parameters and DMBT1 expression were analyzed. RESULTS We examined DMBT1 levels in 10 patients without cardiac defects and 18 patients with persisting ductus arteriosus (PDA) and congenital heart defects (CHD). Compared to patients without cardiac malformations, DMBT1 levels tended to score higher in patients with PDA/CHD (p = 0.2113) and were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein in these infants (p = 0.0172; r = - 0.5533). The number of DMBT1-expressing macrophages was elevated in the PDA/CHD-subgroup (p = 0.0399). Ratios of neutrophils and monocytes to lymphocytes were significantly higher in infants with PDA/CHD (p = 0.0319 and 0.0493). DMBT1 expression was significantly associated with positive bacterial culture of intraoperative swabs (p = 0.0252) and DMBT1 expression of the serosa was associated with a fulminant course of NEC (p = 0.0239). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that DMBT1 expression may be influenced by cardiac anomalies with an impaired intestinal perfusion in the neonatal intestine. NEC in PDA/CHD infants is associated with more DMBT1-positive macrophages and a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Diez
- Pediatric Surgery, Department for General Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Loschgestraße 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Manuel Besendörfer
- Pediatric Surgery, Department for General Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Loschgestraße 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veronika Weyerer
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Moosmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Loschgestraße 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics & Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Haus 3, Ebene 4, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcus Renner
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Müller
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Loschgestraße 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Germany
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Lee GKC, Beeler-Marfisi J, Viel L, Piché É, Kang H, Sears W, Bienzle D. Bronchial brush cytology, endobronchial biopsy, and SALSA immunohistochemistry in severe equine asthma. Vet Pathol 2021; 59:100-111. [PMID: 34903109 PMCID: PMC8679176 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211048635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Horses with severe equine asthma (SEA), also known as heaves and recurrent airway
obstruction, have persistent neutrophilic inflammation of the lower airways.
Cytologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is commonly used to
confirm the clinical diagnosis of SEA. However, the utility of microscopic
assessment of bronchial brushings, endobronchial biopsies, and
immunohistochemical detection of disease-associated biomarkers for the diagnosis
of SEA remain poorly characterized. Salivary scavenger and agglutinin (SALSA)
has anti-inflammatory properties and downregulated gene expression in SEA;
therefore, it was investigated as a tissue biomarker for airway and systemic
inflammation. Six asthmatic and 6 non-asthmatic horses were exposed to an
inhaled challenge. Before and after challenge, samples of BAL fluid, bronchial
brushing, and endobronchial biopsy were collected. Location of SALSA in biopsies
was determined, and immunohistochemical label intensity was computed using image
analysis software. Serum amyloid A (SAA) was measured to assess systemic
inflammation. After challenge, neutrophil proportions were significantly higher
in asthmatic versus non-asthmatic horses in BAL fluid (least squares means, 95%
confidence interval: 80.9%, 57.2% to 93.1%, vs 3.6%, 1.1% to 10.7%) and in brush
cytology slides (39.5%, 7.7% to 83.6%, vs 0.2%, 0% to 2.3%), illustrating the
potential of brush cytology as an alternate modality to BAL for assessing
intraluminal inflammation. Bronchial histopathologic findings and intensity of
SALSA immunolabeling in surface and glandular epithelium were similar in
asthmatic and non-asthmatic horses, indicating limited changes in bronchial
tissue from the inhaled challenge. Increases in SAA indicated systemic
inflammation, but SALSA immunolabeling did not change significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Érica Piché
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heng Kang
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Blickwedel J, Bagci S, Alsat EA, Strizek B, Renner M, Müller A, Müller H. DMBT1 amount in amniotic fluid depends on gestational age. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:7058-7064. [PMID: 34107846 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1937103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amniotic fluid is a mixture containing many different proteins as immunomodulatory peptides and growth factors. The glycoprotein Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1) is participated in innate immunity, angiogenesis and epithelial differentiation. We analyzed the DMBT1 concentration in amniotic fluid during gestation. METHODS DMBT1 concentration was quantified by ELISA. Amniotic fluid samples were collected from preterm and term neonates. Effects of maternal or neonatal parameters were analyzed. To evaluate the source of DMBT1 we examined RNA of fetal tissue in relation to DMBT1 expression. RESULTS The median DMBT1 concentration in amniotic fluid was 54.4 ng/ml. Amniotic fluid obtained <28 weeks of gestation revealed significantly lower DMBT1 concentrations compared to ≥28 weeks. We found a positive correlation between DMBT1 concentration and gestational age (p = .026). The fetal DMBT1 expression was pronounced in the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that DMBT1 concentrations in amniotic fluid correlate with the gestational age during gestation and that the fetal gastrointestinal tract is a potential source of DMBT1. BRIEF RATIONALE Amniotic fluid contains not only nutrients, but also many immunomodulatory peptides and growth factors. Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1) is an innate immunity protein with functions in epithelial differentiation and angiogenesis. The aim of this research was to study the DMBT1 content and the factors affecting its concentration in amniotic fluid during gestation. In summary, the results obtained in this study showed that DMBT1 is a component of amniotic fluid and that DMBT1 concentrations in amniotic fluid correlate with gestational age. In addition to this, the fetal gastrointestinal tract is a potential source of DMBT1 detected in amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Blickwedel
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Soyhan Bagci
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ebru Ailen Alsat
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Brigitte Strizek
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus Renner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Müller
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hanna Müller
- Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Müller H, Schmiedl A, Weiss C, Ai M, Jung S, Renner M. DMBT1 is upregulated in lung epithelial cells after hypoxia and changes surfactant ultrastructure. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:2964-2969. [PMID: 32770804 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia and asphyxia are known to induce surfactant inactivation in newborns. Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1) is an innate immunity protein with functions in epithelial differentiation and angiogenesis. It was detected in hyaline membranes of infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Human recombinant DMBT1 is able to increase the surface tension of exogenous surfactant preparations in a dose-dependent manner. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed on lung sections of infants who died due to pre-, peri- or postnatal hypoxia. The lung epithelial cell line A549 was stably transfected with a DMBT1 (DMBT1+ cells) expression plasmid or with an empty plasmid (DMBT1- cells). The cells were cultured in normoxic or hypoxic conditions, and then DMBT1 as well as HIF-1α RNA expression were analyzed by using real-time-polymerase chain reaction. Human recombinant DMBT1 was added to the modified porcine natural surfactant Curosurf to examine the effect of DMBT1 on surfactant ultrastructure with electron microscopy. RESULTS DMBT1 expression was upregulated in human lung tissue after fetal/peri-/postnatal hypoxia. In addition, in vitro experiments showed increased DMBT1 RNA expression in A549 cells after hypoxia. HIF-1α was upregulated in both DMBT1+ and DMBT1- cells in response to hypoxia. The addition of human recombinant DMBT1 to Curosurf caused an impaired surfactant ultrastructure. CONCLUSIONS DMBT1 is upregulated in response to hypoxia and there seems to be a link between hypoxia and surfactant inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Müller
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmiedl
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department for Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Ai
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susan Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcus Renner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Lee GKC, Tessier L, Bienzle D. Salivary Scavenger and Agglutinin (SALSA) Is Expressed in Mucosal Epithelial Cells and Decreased in Bronchial Epithelium of Asthmatic Horses. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:418. [PMID: 31850379 PMCID: PMC6896824 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Salivary Scavenger and Agglutinin (SALSA) protein is an innate immune protein with various alleged functions, including the regulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Transcriptomic studies of severe equine asthma (SEA) showed downregulation of the gene encoding SALSA in bronchial epithelium of asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic horses. This study aimed to characterize expression of SALSA in equine tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC), corroborate potential differences in epithelial gene expression between asthmatic and non-asthmatic horses, and assess the structure of equine SALSA. An antibody against SALSA was validated through immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry and Western blotting to recognize the equine protein. This antibody was applied to tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing 22 tissues each from four horses. A quantitative PCR assay was designed to compare gene expression for SALSA between six asthmatic and six non-asthmatic horses, before and after an asthmatic challenge, using cDNA from endoscopic bronchial biopsies as source material. The SALSA gene from bronchial cDNA samples of 10 horses, was amplified and sequenced, and translated to characterize the protein structure. Immunostaining for SALSA was detected in the mucosal surfaces of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, stomach, small intestine and bladder, in pancreatic and salivary gland ducts, and in uterine gland epithelium. Staining was strongest in the duodenum, and the intercalated ducts and Demilune cells of the salivary gland. SALSA was concentrated in the apical regions of the epithelial cell cytoplasm, suggestive of a secreted protein. Gene expression was significantly lower (p = 0.031) in asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic horses. Equine SALSA consisted of three to five scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, two CUB (C1r/C1s, uegf, bmp-1) domains and one Zona Pellucida domain. These domains mediate the binding of ligands involved in innate immunity. Varying numbers of SRCR domains were identified in different horses, indicating different isoforms. In summary, equine SALSA has a predilection for mucosal sites, has multiple isoforms, and has decreased expression in asthmatic horses, suggesting alterations in innate immunity in equine asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Tessier
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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9
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CFP suppresses breast cancer cell growth by TES-mediated upregulation of the transcription factor DDIT3. Oncogene 2019; 38:4560-4573. [PMID: 30755730 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous genetic disease driven by the accumulation of individual mutations per tumor. Whole-genome sequencing approaches have identified numerous genes with recurrent mutations in primary tumors. Although mutations in well characterized tumor suppressors and oncogenes are overrepresented in these sets, the majority of the genetically altered genes have so far unknown roles in breast cancer progression. To improve the basic understanding of the complex disease breast cancer and to potentially identify novel drug targets or regulators of known cancer-driving pathways, we analyzed 86 wild-type genes and 94 mutated variants for their effect on cell growth using a serially constructed panel of MCF7 cell lines. We demonstrate in subsequent experiments that the metal cation transporter CNNM4 regulates growth by induction of apoptosis and identified a tumor suppressive role of complement factor properdin (CFP) in vitro and in vivo. CFP appears to induce the intracellular upregulation of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor DDIT3 which is associated with endoplasmic reticulum-stress response.
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10
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Garay J, Piazuelo MB, Lopez-Carrillo L, Leal YA, Majumdar S, Li L, Cruz-Rodriguez N, Serrano-Gomez SJ, Busso CS, Schneider BG, Delgado AG, Bravo LE, Crist AM, Meadows SM, Camargo MC, Wilson KT, Correa P, Zabaleta J. Increased expression of deleted in malignant brain tumors (DMBT1) gene in precancerous gastric lesions: Findings from human and animal studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:47076-47089. [PMID: 28423364 PMCID: PMC5564545 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a cascade of inflammatory stages that may lead to the appearance of non-atrophic gastritis, multifocal atrophic, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and cancer. Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) belongs to the group of secreted scavenger receptor cysteine-rich proteins and is considered to be involved in host defense by binding to pathogens. Initial studies showed its deletion and loss of expression in a variety of tumors but the role of this gene in tumor development is not completely understood. Here, we examined the role of DMBT1 in gastric precancerous lesions in Caucasian, African American and Hispanic individuals as well as in the development of gastric pathology in a mouse model of H. pylori infection. We found that in 3 different populations, mucosal DMBT1 expression was significantly increased (2.5 fold) in individuals with dysplasia compared to multifocal atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia; the increase was also observed in individuals with advanced gastritis and positive H. pylori infection. In our animal model, H. pylori infection of Dmbt1-/- mice resulted in significantly higher levels of gastritis, more extensive mucous metaplasia and reduced Il33 expression levels in the gastric mucosa compared to H. pylori-infected wild type mice. Our data in the animal model suggest that in response to H. pylori infection DMBT1 may mediate mucosal protection reducing the risk of developing gastric precancerous lesions. However, the increased expression in human gastric precancerous lesions points to a more complex role of DMBT1 in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Garay
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M Blanca Piazuelo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Sumana Majumdar
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigacion en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Silvia J Serrano-Gomez
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigacion en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos S Busso
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Barbara G Schneider
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alberto G Delgado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Luis E Bravo
- Department of Pathology, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Angela M Crist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University, New Orleans LA, USA
| | - Stryder M Meadows
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University, New Orleans LA, USA
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pelayo Correa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
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11
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Müller H, Weiss C, Renner M, Felderhoff-Müser U, Mollenhauer J. DMBT1 promotes basal and meconium-induced nitric oxide production in human lung epithelial cells in vitro. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 147:389-397. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Gregson AL, Hoji A, Injean P, Poynter ST, Briones C, Palchevskiy V, Weigt SS, Shino MY, Derhovanessian A, Sayah D, Saggar R, Ross D, Ardehali A, Lynch JP, Belperio JA. Altered Exosomal RNA Profiles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Lung Transplants with Acute Rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016. [PMID: 26308930 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0558oc].] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The mechanism by which acute allograft rejection leads to chronic rejection remains poorly understood despite its common occurrence. Exosomes, membrane vesicles released from cells within the lung allograft, contain a diverse array of biomolecules that closely reflect the biologic state of the cell and tissue from which they are released. Exosome transcriptomes may provide a better understanding of the rejection process. Furthermore, biomarkers originating from this transcriptome could provide timely and sensitive detection of acute cellular rejection (AR), reducing the incidence of severe AR and chronic lung allograft dysfunction and improving outcomes. OBJECTIVES To provide an in-depth analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA population after lung transplantation and evaluate for differential expression between acute AR and quiescence. METHODS Serial bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were ultracentrifuged to obtain the exosomal pellet for RNA extraction, on which RNA-Seq was performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS AR demonstrates an intense inflammatory environment, skewed toward both innate and adaptive immune responses. Novel, potential upstream regulators identified offer potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA as a source for understanding the pathophysiology of AR and for biomarker discovery in lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric L Gregson
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
| | - Aki Hoji
- 2 Department of Transplantation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patil Injean
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Steven T Poynter
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Claudia Briones
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - S Sam Weigt
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael Y Shino
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Ariss Derhovanessian
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Sayah
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rajan Saggar
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Ross
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- 4 Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Joseph P Lynch
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - John A Belperio
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
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13
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Gregson AL, Hoji A, Injean P, Poynter ST, Briones C, Palchevskiy V, Weigt SS, Shino MY, Derhovanessian A, Sayah D, Saggar R, Ross D, Ardehali A, Lynch JP, Belperio JA. Altered Exosomal RNA Profiles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Lung Transplants with Acute Rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 192:1490-503. [PMID: 26308930 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0558oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The mechanism by which acute allograft rejection leads to chronic rejection remains poorly understood despite its common occurrence. Exosomes, membrane vesicles released from cells within the lung allograft, contain a diverse array of biomolecules that closely reflect the biologic state of the cell and tissue from which they are released. Exosome transcriptomes may provide a better understanding of the rejection process. Furthermore, biomarkers originating from this transcriptome could provide timely and sensitive detection of acute cellular rejection (AR), reducing the incidence of severe AR and chronic lung allograft dysfunction and improving outcomes. OBJECTIVES To provide an in-depth analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA population after lung transplantation and evaluate for differential expression between acute AR and quiescence. METHODS Serial bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were ultracentrifuged to obtain the exosomal pellet for RNA extraction, on which RNA-Seq was performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS AR demonstrates an intense inflammatory environment, skewed toward both innate and adaptive immune responses. Novel, potential upstream regulators identified offer potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA as a source for understanding the pathophysiology of AR and for biomarker discovery in lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric L Gregson
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
| | - Aki Hoji
- 2 Department of Transplantation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patil Injean
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Steven T Poynter
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Claudia Briones
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - S Sam Weigt
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael Y Shino
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Ariss Derhovanessian
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Sayah
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rajan Saggar
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Ross
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- 4 Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Joseph P Lynch
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - John A Belperio
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
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Reichhardt MP, Meri S. SALSA: A Regulator of the Early Steps of Complement Activation on Mucosal Surfaces. Front Immunol 2016; 7:85. [PMID: 27014265 PMCID: PMC4781872 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement is present mainly in blood. However, following mechanical damage or inflammation, serous exudates enter the mucosal surfaces. Here, the complement proteins interact with other endogenous molecules to keep microbes from entering the parenteral tissues. One of the mucosal proteins known to interact with the early complement components of both the classical and the lectin pathway is the salivary scavenger and agglutinin (SALSA). SALSA is also known as deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 and gp340. It is found both attached to the epithelium and secreted into the surrounding fluids of most mucosal surfaces. SALSA has been shown to bind directly to C1q, mannose-binding lectin, and the ficolins. Through these interactions SALSA regulates activation of the complement system. In addition, SALSA interacts with surfactant proteins A and D, secretory IgA, and lactoferrin. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are examples of diseases, where complement activation in mucosal tissues may occur. This review describes the latest advances in our understanding of how the early complement components interact with the SALSA molecule. Furthermore, we discuss how these interactions may affect disease propagation on mucosal surfaces in immunological and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Parnov Reichhardt
- Immunobiology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Seppo Meri
- Immunobiology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
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15
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Gregson AL, Hoji A, Injean P, Poynter ST, Briones C, Palchevskiy V, Weigt SS, Shino MY, Derhovanessian A, Sayah D, Saggar R, Ross D, Ardehali A, Lynch JP, Belperio JA. Altered Exosomal RNA Profiles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Lung Transplants with Acute Rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015. [PMID: 26308930 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0558oc]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The mechanism by which acute allograft rejection leads to chronic rejection remains poorly understood despite its common occurrence. Exosomes, membrane vesicles released from cells within the lung allograft, contain a diverse array of biomolecules that closely reflect the biologic state of the cell and tissue from which they are released. Exosome transcriptomes may provide a better understanding of the rejection process. Furthermore, biomarkers originating from this transcriptome could provide timely and sensitive detection of acute cellular rejection (AR), reducing the incidence of severe AR and chronic lung allograft dysfunction and improving outcomes. OBJECTIVES To provide an in-depth analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA population after lung transplantation and evaluate for differential expression between acute AR and quiescence. METHODS Serial bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were ultracentrifuged to obtain the exosomal pellet for RNA extraction, on which RNA-Seq was performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS AR demonstrates an intense inflammatory environment, skewed toward both innate and adaptive immune responses. Novel, potential upstream regulators identified offer potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomal shuttle RNA as a source for understanding the pathophysiology of AR and for biomarker discovery in lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric L Gregson
- 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
| | - Aki Hoji
- 2 Department of Transplantation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patil Injean
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Steven T Poynter
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Claudia Briones
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - S Sam Weigt
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael Y Shino
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Ariss Derhovanessian
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Sayah
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rajan Saggar
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Ross
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- 4 Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Joseph P Lynch
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - John A Belperio
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
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Müller H, Renner M, Helmke BM, Mollenhauer J, Felderhoff-Müser U. Elevated DMBT1 levels in neonatal gastrointestinal diseases. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 145:227-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) elicits increased VEGF and decreased IL-6 production in type II lung epithelial cells. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:32. [PMID: 25885541 PMCID: PMC4426184 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is an innate defence protein expressed in the lungs of preterm infants and adults. Recent studies showed that DMBT1 is important in angiogenesis and can bind to different growth factors including VEGF. We aimed at examining relationships between VEGF and IL-6 levels to DMBT1 expression in the lungs of preterm and term infants and in lung epithelial cells in vitro. METHODS We examined by ELISA VEGF levels in 120 tracheal aspirates of 57 preterm and term infants and tested for correlation with different perinatal factors as well as with DMBT1 levels. To examine the effect of DMBT1 on VEGF and IL-6 expression we compared type II lung epithelial A549 cells stably transfected with a DMBT1 expression plasmid (DMBT1+ cells) to A549 cells stably transfected with an empty expression plasmid (DMBT1- cells). The concentrations of VEGF and IL-6 were determined via ELISA in the supernatant of the unstimulated cells and after stimulation with LPS, TNFα and Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). RESULTS The VEGF levels in the tracheal aspirates of preterm and term infants were significantly correlated with DMBT1 levels (p = 0.0032), the postnatal age (p = 0.0073) and the presence of neonatal infection/sepsis (p = 0.0002). Unstimulated DMBT1+ A549 cells showed significantly higher VEGF expression (p = 0.0017) than DMBT1- cells. Significantly elevated VEGF levels were also confirmed for DMBT1+ cells after stimulation with TNFα (p = 0.0008), LPS (p = 0.0232) and PMA (p = 0.0025). The IL-6 levels were comparable in DMBT1+ versus DMBT1- cells without stimulation (p = 0.6028), but they were significantly reduced in DMBT1+ cells after stimulation with TNFα (p = 0.0003), LPS (p = 0.0088) and PMA (p = 0.0039). CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that DMBT1 promotes VEGF and suppresses IL-6 production in alveolar tissues, which could point to DMBT1 having a possible role in the transition from inflammation to regeneration and being a potentially useful clinical marker.
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Reichhardt MP, Jarva H, de Been M, Rodriguez JM, Jimenez Quintana E, Loimaranta V, Meindert de Vos W, Meri S. The Salivary Scavenger and Agglutinin in Early Life: Diverse Roles in Amniotic Fluid and in the Infant Intestine. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:5240-8. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Wansleeben C, Bowie E, Hotten DF, Yu YRA, Hogan BLM. Age-related changes in the cellular composition and epithelial organization of the mouse trachea. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93496. [PMID: 24675804 PMCID: PMC3968161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here senescent changes in the structure and organization of the mucociliary pseudostratified epithelium of the mouse trachea and main stem bronchi. We confirm previous reports of the gradual appearance of age-related, gland-like structures (ARGLS) in the submucosa, especially in the intercartilage regions and carina. Immunohistochemistry shows these structures contain ciliated and secretory cells and Krt5+ basal cells, but not the myoepithelial cells or ciliated ducts typical of normal submucosal glands. Data suggest they arise de novo by budding from the surface epithelium rather than by delayed growth of rudimentary or cryptic submucosal glands. In old mice the surface epithelium contains fewer cells per unit length than in young mice and the proportion of Krt5+, p63+ basal cells is reduced in both males and females. However, there appears to be no significant difference in the ability of basal stem cells isolated from individual young and old mice to form clonal tracheospheres in culture or in the ability of the epithelium to repair after damage by inhaled sulfur dioxide. Gene expression analysis by Affymetrix microarray and quantitative PCR, as well as immunohistochemistry and flow sorting studies, are consistent with low-grade chronic inflammation in the tracheas of old versus young mice and an increase in the number of immune cells. The significance of these changes for ARGL formation are not clear since several treatments that induce acute inflammation in young mice did not result in budding of the surface epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien Wansleeben
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emily Bowie
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Danielle F. Hotten
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yen-Rei A. Yu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brigid L. M. Hogan
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cardiac amyloidosis induces up-regulation of Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1). Cardiovasc Pathol 2013; 22:195-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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21
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High DMBT1 concentrations in breast milk correlate with increased risk of infection in preterm and term neonates. BMC Pediatr 2012; 12:157. [PMID: 23034003 PMCID: PMC3518203 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human milk contains immune molecules involved in the protection of newborns against infections. We analyzed the concentration of Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1), a protein with functions in innate immunity, in breast milk. Methods DMBT1 was detected in breast milk by Western blotting and its concentration was quantified by ELISA in 95 breast milk samples collected from mothers of preterm and term neonates during the first four weeks after delivery. Possible effects of maternal or neonatal parameters were analyzed by different statistical tests. Results The mean DMBT1 concentration (± standard error of the mean) in the tested milk samples was 2.48 ± 0.26 μg/mL (range: 0.112 μg/mL to 17.984 μg/mL) and represented 0.0087% of the total protein content. The comparison between the newborns with infection and the newborns without infection revealed significantly higher DMBT1 concentrations in breast milk in the group with infection (6.72 ± 2.53 μg/mL versus 2.20 ± 0.35 μg/mL (P = 0.031)). Neither maternal nor neonatal parameters showed a correlation with the milk DMBT1 levels. Conclusions DMBT1 is a component of breast milk after birth and is up-regulated in the breast milk from mothers with newborns suffering from neonatal infection. Thus, breast milk DMBT1 may be part of the innate immunity similar to secretory IgA.
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Müller H, Renner M, Helmke BM, End C, Weiss C, Poeschl J, Mollenhauer J. Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 is up-regulated in bacterial endocarditis and binds to components of vegetations. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 138:725-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 04/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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