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Li R, Yan X, Zhong W, Zheng J, Li X, Liang J, Hu Z, Liu H, Chen G, Yang Y, Zhang J, Qu E, Liu W. Stratifin promotes the malignant progression of HCC via binding and hyperactivating AKT signaling. Cancer Lett 2024; 592:216761. [PMID: 38490326 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. In this study, we reveal the pivotal role of Stratifin (SFN), also recognized as 14-3-3σ, in driving HCC progression. Our investigation underscores a substantial upregulation of SFN within HCC tissues, manifesting a significant association with worse prognostic outcomes among HCC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that SFN overexpression significantly amplifies proliferation, mitigates sorafenib-induced effects on HCC cells, and enhances tumorigenesis. While SFN silencing exerts converse effects on HCC progression. Additionally, we unveil a critical interaction between SFN and AKT, where SFN boosts AKT kinase activity by disrupting the binding of PHLPP2 and AKT, thereby intensifying the malignant progression of HCC cells. In conclusion, this study identifies the oncogenic role of SFN and elucidates the regulatory mechanism of the SFN/AKT axis in HCC, which may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of HCC progression and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xijing Yan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wenhui Zhong
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jinliang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhongying Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Huanyi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Guihua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Enze Qu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Yan M, Yu Y, Wang J, Jiao Y, Zheng M, Zhang S. 14-3-3ε: a protein with complex physiology function but promising therapeutic potential in cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:72. [PMID: 38279176 PMCID: PMC10811864 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the role of the 14-3-3 protein has received increasing interest. Seven subtypes of 14-3-3 proteins exhibit high homology; however, each subtype maintains its specificity. The 14-3-3ε protein is involved in various physiological processes, including signal transduction, cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle regulation, repolarization of cardiac action, cardiac development, intracellular electrolyte homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and innate immunity. It also plays a significant role in the development and progression of various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. These immense and various involvements of 14-3-3ε in diverse processes makes it a promising target for drug development. Although extensive research has been conducted on 14-3-3 dimers, studies on 14-3-3 monomers are limited. This review aimed to provide an overview of recent reports on the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of binding partners by 14-3-3ε, focusing on issues that could help advance the frontiers of this field. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangping Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Jiao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Arroyo E, Pérez Sayáns M, Bravo SB, de Oliveira Barbeiro C, Paravani Palaçon M, Chamorro Petronacci CM, García Vence M, Chantada Vázquez MDP, Blanco Carrión A, Suárez Peñaranda JM, García García A, Gándara Vila P, Días Almeida J, Veríssimo da Costa GC, Sousa Nogueira FC, Medeiros Evaristo JA, de Abreu Pereira D, Rintala M, Salo T, Rautava J, Padín Iruegas E, Oliveira Alves MG, Morandin Ferrisse T, Albergoni da Silveira H, Esquiche León J, Vilela Silva E, Flores IL, Bufalino A. Identification of Proteomic Biomarkers in Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia through Liquid Chromatography With Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100222. [PMID: 37507024 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an oral potentially malignant disorder associated with high risk of malignant transformation. Currently, there is no treatment available, and restrictive follow-up of patients is crucial for a better prognosis. Oral leukoplakia (OL) shares some clinical and microscopic features with PVL but exhibits different clinical manifestations and a lower rate of malignant transformation. This study aimed to investigate the proteomic profile of PVL in tissue and saliva samples to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers with therapeutic implications. Tissue and saliva samples obtained from patients with PVL were compared with those from patients with oral OL and controls. Label-free liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was employed, followed by qualitative and quantitative analyses, to identify differentially expressed proteins. Potential biomarkers were identified and further validated using immunohistochemistry. Staining intensity scan analyses were performed on tissue samples from patients with PVL, patients with OL, and controls from Brazil, Spain, and Finland. The study revealed differences in the immune system, cell cycle, DNA regulation, apoptosis pathways, and the whole proteome of PVL samples. In addition, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analyses showed that calreticulin (CALR), receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1), and 14-3-3 Tau-protein (YWHAQ) were highly expressed in PVL samples. Immunohistochemistry validation confirmed increased CARL expression in PVL compared with OL. Conversely, RACK1 and YWHA were highly expressed in oral potentially malignant disorder compared to the control group. Furthermore, significant differences in CALR and RACK1 expression were observed in the OL group when comparing samples with and without oral epithelial dysplasia, unlike the PVL. This research provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions and highlights potential targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Arroyo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pérez Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) (ORALRES Group), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Susana Belen Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Camila de Oliveira Barbeiro
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Paravani Palaçon
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - María García Vence
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Blanco Carrión
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain
| | - José M Suárez Peñaranda
- Servicio de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, Choupana s/n Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Abel García García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain
| | - Pilar Gándara Vila
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) (ORALRES Group), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Janete Días Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Buccal Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Science and Technologies Institute, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovani Carlo Veríssimo da Costa
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Univ. Federal Fluminense, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joseph Albert Medeiros Evaristo
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise de Abreu Pereira
- Program on Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology, Research Coordination, National Institute of Cancer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirjami Rintala
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Cancer and Translational Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Padín Iruegas
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Area, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Heitor Albergoni da Silveira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Esquiche León
- Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School (FORP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evânio Vilela Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora Luana Flores
- Oral Pathology Area, Conservative Dentistry Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Casazza A, Van Helleputte L, Van Renterghem B, Pokreisz P, De Geest N, De Petrini M, Janssens T, Pellens M, Diricx M, Riera-Domingo C, Wozniak A, Mazzone M, Schöffski P, Defert O, Reyns G, Kindt N. PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a Novel Anticancer Prodrug with Targeted Activation and Improved Therapeutic Index. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:568-581. [PMID: 35149549 PMCID: PMC9377749 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinical use of doxorubicin (Dox) is limited by cumulative myelo- and cardiotoxicity. This research focuses on the detailed characterization of PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a targeted tetrapeptide prodrug with a unique dual-step activation mechanism, designed to circumvent Dox-related toxicities and is ready for upcoming clinical investigation. Coupling Dox to a phosphonoacetyl (PhAc)-capped tetrapeptide forms the cell-impermeable, inactive compound, PhAc-ALGP-Dox. After extracellular cleavage by tumor-enriched thimet oligopeptidase-1 (THOP1), a cell-permeable but still biologically inactive dipeptide-conjugate is formed (GP-Dox), which is further processed intracellularly to Dox by fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAPα) and/or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). In vitro, PhAc-ALGP-Dox is effective in various 2D- and 3D-cancer models, while showing improved safety toward normal epithelium, hematopoietic progenitors, and cardiomyocytes. In vivo, these results translate into a 10-fold higher tolerability and 5-fold greater retention of Dox in the tumor microenvironment compared with the parental drug. PhAc-ALGP-Dox demonstrates 63% to 96% tumor growth inhibition in preclinical models, an 8-fold improvement in efficacy in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and reduced metastatic burden in a murine model of experimental lung metastasis, improving survival by 30%. The current findings highlight the potential clinical benefit of PhAc-ALGP-Dox, a targeted drug-conjugate with broad applicability, favorable tissue biodistribution, significantly improved tolerability, and tumor growth inhibition at primary and metastatic sites in numerous solid tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casazza
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Britt Van Renterghem
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalie De Geest
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marzia De Petrini
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Janssens
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijke Pellens
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Diricx
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carla Riera-Domingo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Agnieszka Wozniak
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Defert
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Reyns
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Kindt
- CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Corresponding Author: Nele Kindt, CoBioRes NV, Campus Gasthuisberg, CDG, bus 913 Herestraat 49, Leuven, Flanders B-3000, Belgium. E-mail:
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5
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Abstract
The 14-3-3 family proteins are vital scaffold proteins that ubiquitously expressed in various tissues. They interact with numerous protein targets and mediate many cellular signaling pathways. The 14-3-3 binding motifs are often embedded in intrinsically disordered regions which are closely associated with liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). In the past ten years, LLPS has been observed for a variety of proteins and biological processes, indicating that LLPS plays a fundamental role in the formation of membraneless organelles and cellular condensates. While extensive investigations have been performed on 14-3-3 proteins, its involvement in LLPS is overlooked. To date, 14-3-3 proteins have not been reported to undergo LLPS alone or regulate LLPS of their binding partners. To reveal the potential involvement of 14-3-3 proteins in LLPS, in this review, we summarized the LLPS propensity of 14-3-3 binding partners and found that about one half of them may undergo LLPS spontaneously. We further analyzed the phase separation behavior of representative 14-3-3 binders and discussed how 14-3-3 proteins may be involved. By modulating the conformation and valence of interactions and recruiting other molecules, we speculate that 14-3-3 proteins can efficiently regulate the functions of their targets in the context of LLPS. Considering the critical roles of 14-3-3 proteins, there is an urgent need for investigating the involvement of 14-3-3 proteins in the phase separation process of their targets and the underling mechanisms.
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6
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Lu YJ, Wu YJ, Chen LJ, Ko BS, Chang TC, Wu YJ, Liang SM, Jan YJ, Liou JY. Reduced Expression of Metallothionein-I/II in Renal Proximal Tubules Is Associated with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13080568. [PMID: 34437439 PMCID: PMC8402552 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a commonly occurring complex renal syndrome that causes overall mortality in many diseases. The clinical manifestations of CKD include renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and loss of renal function. Metallothionein-I/II (MT-I/II) is potentially expressed in the liver and kidney, and possesses antioxidant and metal detoxification properties. However, whether MT-I/II expression is associated with the prognosis of nephropathy remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the MT-I/II level in human CKD, using immunohistochemistry. MT-I/II is located on the proximal tubules and is notably reduced in patients with CKD. MT-I/II expression was significantly correlated with the functional and histological grades of CKD. In an aristolochic acid (AAI)-induced nephropathy mouse model, MT-I/II was abundantly increased after AAI injection for 7 days, but decreased subsequently compared to that induced in the acute phase when injected with AAI for 28 days. Furthermore, we found that ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) restored AAI-induced MT-I/II reduction in HK2 cells. The injection of PDTC ameliorated AAI-induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and reduced the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in mouse sera. Taken together, our results indicate that MT-I/II reduction is associated with advanced CKD, and the retention of renal MT-I/II is a potential therapeutic strategy for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jhu Lu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Ya-Ju Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 736, Taiwan;
| | - Lu-Jen Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (L.C.-J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Hematological Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Chang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (L.C.-J.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan; (Y.-J.L.); (T.-C.C.); (Y.-J.W.); (S.-M.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-37-246166 (ext. 38309)
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7
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Parajón E, Surcel A, Robinson DN. The mechanobiome: a goldmine for cancer therapeutics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C306-C323. [PMID: 33175572 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00409.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is dependent on heightened mechanical adaptation, both for the cells' ability to change shape and to interact with varying mechanical environments. This type of adaptation is dependent on mechanoresponsive proteins that sense and respond to mechanical stress, as well as their regulators. Mechanoresponsive proteins are part of the mechanobiome, which is the larger network that constitutes the cell's mechanical systems that are also highly integrated with many other cellular systems, such as gene expression, metabolism, and signaling. Despite the altered expression patterns of key mechanobiome proteins across many different cancer types, pharmaceutical targeting of these proteins has been overlooked. Here, we review the biochemistry of key mechanoresponsive proteins, specifically nonmuscle myosin II, α-actinins, and filamins, as well as the partnering proteins 14-3-3 and CLP36. We also examined a wide range of data sets to assess how gene and protein expression levels of these proteins are altered across many different cancer types. Finally, we determined the potential of targeting these proteins to mitigate invasion or metastasis and suggest that the mechanobiome is a goldmine of opportunity for anticancer drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Parajón
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Surcel
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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8
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Zhao J, Xu H, Duan Z, Chen X, Ao Z, Chen Y, Ruan Y, Ni M. miR-31-5p Regulates 14-3-3 ɛ to Inhibit Prostate Cancer 22RV1 Cell Survival and Proliferation via PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6679-6694. [PMID: 32801901 PMCID: PMC7402864 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s247780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies, and almost all patients with advanced PCa will develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after receiving endocrine therapy. Effective treatment for patients with CRPC has not been established. Novel approaches are needed to identify therapeutic targets for CRPC. Purpose Recent research studies have found that members of the 14-3-3 family play an important role in the development and progression of PCa. Previous results have shown that 14-3-3 ɛ is significantly upregulated in several cancers. This study aimed to identify novel miRNAs that regulate 14-3-3 ɛ expression and therapeutic targets for CRPC. Methods In this study, we used computation and experimental approaches for the prediction and verification of the miRNAs targeting 14-3-3 ɛ, and investigated the potential roles of 14-3-3 ɛ in the survival and proliferation of 22RV1 cells. Results We confirm that mir-31-5p is downregulated in 22RV1 cells and acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating 14-3-3 ɛ. Ectopic expression of miR-31-5p or 14-3-3 ɛ interference significantly inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in 22RV1 cells, as well as promotes cell apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Moreover, 14-3-3 ɛ is required for the miR-31-5p-mediated upregulation of the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our findings provide information on the underlying mechanisms of miR-31-5p/14-3-3 ɛ in 22RV1 cell proliferation and apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. These results suggest that miR-31-5p and 14-3-3 ɛ may potentially be utilized as novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Ao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
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9
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Expression of Nik-related kinase in smooth muscle cells attenuates vascular inflammation and intimal hyperplasia. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7511-7533. [PMID: 32330120 PMCID: PMC7202544 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation of the vascular microenvironment modulates distinct types of vascular cells, and plays important roles in promoting atherosclerosis, stenosis/restenosis, and vascular-related diseases. Nik-related kinase (Nrk), a member of the Ste20-type kinase family, has been reported to be selectively expressed in embryonic skeletal muscle. However, whether Nrk is expressed in adult vascular smooth muscle, and if it influences intimal hyperplasia is unclear. Here, we found that Nrk is abundantly expressed in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and mouse arterial intima. Treatment of mouse VSMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or platelet-derived growth factor significantly reduced Nrk expression. In addition, expression of Nrk was significantly reduced in regions of neointimal formation caused by guide-wire carotid artery injuries in mice, as well as in human atherosclerotic tissues, when compared to normal vessels. We identified that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP8 and MMP12) and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (CCL6, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5 and CXCL9) are synergistically induced by Nrk siRNA in LPS-treated mouse VSMCs. Moreover, we found that resveratrol significantly impaired LPS- and Nrk siRNA-induced expression of MMP3, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL3 and CXCL5. These results suggested that Nrk may play important roles in regulating pathological progression of atherosclerosis or neointimal- hyperplasia-related vascular diseases.
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10
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Tuna M, I Amos C, B Mills G. Acquired Uniparental Disomy Regions Are Associated with Disease Outcome in Patients with Oral Cavity and Oropharynx But Not Larynx Cancers. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100763. [PMID: 32305020 PMCID: PMC7163079 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) regions pinpoint homozygousity and monoallelic expressed genes. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and expression data from oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx cancers to identify frequency of aUPD in each tumor type and association of aUPD regions and differentially expressed genes in the regions with survival. Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival function; and Student’s t test, for differentially expressed genes between groups. The frequency of aUPD was highest in larynx cancers (88.35%) followed by oral cavity (81.11%) and oropharynx cancers (73.85%). In univariate analysis, 11 regions at chromosome 9p were associated with overall survival (OS) in oral cavity cancers. Two regions at chromosome 17p were associated with OS in oropharyngeal cancers, but no aUPD region was associated with survival in patients with larynx cancers. Overexpression of SIGMAR1, C9orf23, and HINT2 was associated with reduced OS in patients with oral cavity cancers, and upregulation of MED27 and YWHAE was associated with shorter OS in patients with oropharynx cancers. In multivariate analysis, four aUPD regions at chromosome 9p and overexpression of HINT2 were associated with shorter OS in oral cavity cancers, and overexpression of MED27 was associated with worse OS in patients with oropharynx cancers. aUPD regions and differentially expressed genes in those regions influence the outcome and may play a role in aggressiveness in oral cavity and oropharynx cancers but not in patients with larynx cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaffe Tuna
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR; Precision Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR
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11
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Feng YH, Tung CL, Su YC, Tsao CJ, Wu TF. Proteomic Profile of Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma; GRP78 Expression Is Associated With Inferior Response to Sorafenib. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 16:569-576. [PMID: 31659110 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The outcome of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor and therapeutic options, including sorafenib, the first anti-cancer drug proved to prolong survival in patients with advanced HCC, are limited. However, no clinically useful predictive biomarker for sorafenib has been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS We exploited two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry to find de-regulated proteins by using conditioning of a sorafenib-resistant HCC cell line, Huh7. Tumor samples from 60 patients with HCC treated with sorafenib were analyzed and correlated with survival outcome. RESULTS Comparative proteomics indicated three proteins including, 78 kDa glucose related protein (GRP78), 14-3-3ε, and heat shock protein 90β (HSP90β). The three proteins were over-expressed in sorafenib-resistant Huh7 cells. In HCC tumor samples from patients treated with sorafenib, 73% of tumor samples had a high expression of GRP78, 18% had high 14-3-3ε expression and 85% had high HSP90β expression. Among these, GRP78 was associated with the shortest progression-free survival of HCC patients treated with sorafenib. CONCLUSION GRP78 can be a predictive biomarker in HCC patients treated with sorafenib. Strategies designed to inhibit the GRP78-related pathway may overcome sorafenib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsun Feng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Ling Tung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chu Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Jung Tsao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying Campus, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ting-Feng Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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12
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Fan X, Cui L, Zeng Y, Song W, Gaur U, Yang M. 14-3-3 Proteins Are on the Crossroads of Cancer, Aging, and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143518. [PMID: 31323761 PMCID: PMC6678932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved regulatory adaptor molecules which are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. These proteins participate in a variety of intracellular processes by recognizing specific phosphorylation motifs and interacting with hundreds of target proteins. Also, 14-3-3 proteins act as molecular chaperones, preventing the aggregation of unfolded proteins under conditions of cellular stress. Furthermore, 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to have similar expression patterns in tumors, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we put forward the idea that the adaptor activity and chaperone-like activity of 14-3-3 proteins might play a substantial role in the above-mentioned conditions. Interestingly, 14-3-3 proteins are considered to be standing at the crossroads of cancer, aging, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. There are great possibilities to improve the above-mentioned diseases and conditions through intervention in the activity of the 14-3-3 protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lang Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhao Song
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Uma Gaur
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Wu YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Lu YJ, Jan YJ, Jiang SS, Shyue SK, Chen L, Liou JY. ZNF479 downregulates metallothionein-1 expression by regulating ASH2L and DNMT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:408. [PMID: 31138789 PMCID: PMC6538656 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decreased expression of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) is associated with a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we found that MT-1 expression was suppressed by 14-3-3ε, and MT-1 overexpression abolished 14-3-3ε-induced cell proliferation and tumor growth. We identified that 14-3-3ε induced expression of ZNF479, a novel potential transcriptional regulator by gene expression profiling and ZNF479 contributed to 14-3-3ε-suppressed MT-1 expression. ZNF479 induced the expression of DNMT1, UHRF1, and mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) complex proteins (ASH2L and Menin), and increased tri-methylated histone H3 (H3K4me3) levels, but suppressed H3K4 (H3K4me2) di-methylation. ZNF479-suppressed MT-1 expression was restored by silencing of ASH2L and DNMT1. Furthermore, ZNF479 expression was higher in HCC tissues than that in the non-cancerous tissues. Expression analyses revealed a positive correlation between the expression of ZNF479 and DNMT1, UHRF1, ASH2L, and Menin, and an inverse correlation with that of ZNF479, ASH2L, Menin, and MT-1 isoforms. Moreover, correlations between the expression of ZNF479 and its downstream factors were more pronounced in HCC patients with hepatitis B. Here, we found that ZNF479 regulates MT-1 expression by modulating ASH2L in HCC. Approaches that target ZNF479/MLL complex/MT-1 or related epigenetic regulatory factors are potential therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 350, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 300, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 350, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhu Lu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 350, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 350, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 115, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Linyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 300, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 350, Zhunan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan.
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14
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Yang YF, Lee YC, Wang YY, Wang CH, Hou MF, Yuan SSF. YWHAE promotes proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:408-416. [PMID: 31001932 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female-specific malignancy in Taiwan and developed countries worldwide, and its incidence continues to grow. 14-3-3ε (YWHAE), which belong to 14-3-3 family, it has been reported up-regulated in breast cancer tissues. However, the clinical implication and function of YWHAE in breast cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of the YWHAE in human breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze YWHAE expression in breast cancer tissues. Cell model was applied to examine the functions of YWHAE. The chemotherapeutic agents were used to evaluate the effect of YWHAE in breast cancer cell lines. YWHAE expression was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and poor patient survival in patients with breast cancer. YWHAE overexpression significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells. Knockdown of YWHAE expression reduced the expression of Snail and Twist in breast cancer cells. We also found that YWHAE was responsible for the resistance of breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, and knockdown of YWHAE enhanced sensitivity to multiple chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings indicated that YWHAE promoted cancer progression and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells and can be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Yang
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chie-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Sun Yat-Sen University-Kaohsiung Medical University Joint Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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15
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Paracrine regulation of matrix metalloproteinases contributes to cancer cell invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma-secreted 14-3-3σ. Oncotarget 2018; 7:36988-36999. [PMID: 27175590 PMCID: PMC5095053 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
14-3-3σ overexpression results in enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell migration and HCC tumor vascular-invasion is significantly associated with 14-3-3σ expression. However, increased expression of 14-3-3σ paradoxically suppresses in vitro cell invasion of HCC. We hypothesize that surrounding tumor-associated stromal cells play a crucial role in 14-3-3σ-regulated HCC cell invasion. In this study, H68 fibroblasts, THP-1 and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-treated THP-1 (PMA-THP-1) cells were incubated with conditioned media of control (control-CM) and 14-3-3σ-overepxressing cells (14-3-3σ-CM), followed by co-culture with HCC cells. Invasiveness of HCC cells was examined by a Boyden chamber assay. HCC cells co-cultured with 14-3-3σ-CM treated cells significantly enhanced their invasive ability compared with control-CM treated cells. Moreover, incubation with 14-3-3σ-CM induced differential expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in fibroblasts (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-12 and MMP-14), THP-1 (MMP-1 and MMP-12) and PMA-THP-1 cells (MMP-2, MMP-12 and MMP-14). In contrast, silencing of 14-3-3σ by siRNA significantly abolished 14-3-3σ-CM induced MMPs. In addition, treatment with recombinant 14-3-3σ (r14-3-3σ) protein exhibits a similar expression profile of MMPs induced by 14-3-3σ-CM in fibroblasts, THP-1 and PMA-THP-1 cells. Finally, knockdown of aminopeptidase N (APN) significantly abrogated r14-3-3σ induced expression of MMPs in HS68 fibroblasts. These results suggest that HCC-secreted 14-3-3σ promotes expression of MMPs in cancerous surrounding cells via an APN dependent mechanism. 14-3-3σ has a paracrine effect in educating stromal cells in tumor-associated microenvironment.
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16
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Tang Y, Liu S, Li N, Guo W, Shi J, Yu H, Zhang L, Wang K, Liu S, Cheng S. 14-3-3ζ promotes hepatocellular carcinoma venous metastasis by modulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15854-67. [PMID: 26910835 PMCID: PMC4941282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is a type of intrahepatic metastasis arising from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is highly correlated with a poor prognosis. Hypoxia is common in solider tumors, including HCC, where it alters the behavior of HCC cells. We asked whether and how hypoxia contributes to PVTT formation. We demonstrated that increased intratumoral hypoxia is strongly associated with PVTT formation in HCC. We also showed that 14-3-3ζ is induced by hypoxia in HCC cells and correlates with PVTT formation in clinical HCC samples. In addition, 14-3-3ζ up-regulates HIF-1α expression by recruiting HDAC4, which prevents HIF-1α acetylation, thereby stabilizing the protein. Under hypoxic conditions in vitro, 14-3-3ζ knockdown inhibits hypoxia-induced HCC invasion by the HIF-1α/EMT pathway. Blockade of 14-3-3ζ in HCC cells reduces PVTT formation and distant lung metastasis in vivo. Moreover, a combination of 14-3-3ζ and HIF-1α expression is more prognostic for HCC patients than either protein alone. These results suggest that the hypoxia/14-3-3ζ/HIF-1α pathway plays an important role in PVTT formation and HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Tang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shupeng Liu
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nan Li
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Weixing Guo
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongming Yu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shangrong Liu
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
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17
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Lu K, Rui G, Liu F, Yang L, Deng X, Shi S, Li Q. 14-3-3ε is a nuclear matrix protein, and its altered expression and localization are associated with curcumin-induced apoptosis of MG-63 cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:338-346. [PMID: 29285195 PMCID: PMC5738701 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 14-3-3 protein family may regulates protein interaction, transportation and cellular localization. The regulatory role of 14-3-3ε is influenced by its altered localization. In the present study, human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were treated with curcumin to induce apoptosis. Subsequently, the altered expression and localization of 14-3-3ε and its co-localization with other apoptosis-associated proteins during apoptosis was investigated. Analysis of nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs), using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, revealed that 14-3-3ε existed on the nuclear matrix of MG-63 cells, and its expression was decreased compared with that in control cells following curcumin treatment. In addition, western blot analysis validated that the expression level of 14-3-3ε was downregulated during curcumin-induced apoptosis of MG-63 cells compared with that in control cells. Using immunofluorescence labeling, it was observed that 14-3-3ε was located on the nuclear matrix of MG-63 cells and the distribution of 14-3-3ε on the nuclear matrix was decreased following treatment with curcumin, compared with that in control cells. Double immunofluorescence staining and laser-scanning confocal microscopy demonstrated that 14-3-3ε was co-localized with B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated-X protein, p53 and c-FOS transcription factor in MG-63 cells. Furthermore, following treatment with curcumin, these co-localization regions were decreased. The results of the present study revealed that 14-3-3ε is an NMP in MG-63 cells, and its altered expression and co-localization with apoptosis-associated proteins indicated an important function of 14-3-3ε in apoptosis of MG-63 cells. Additional studies are required to investigate the results of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Songlin Shi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
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18
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Chen YW, Chiu WC, Chou SH, Su YH, Huang YF, Lee YL, Yuan SSF, Lee YC. High Nrf2 expression in alveolar type I pneumocytes is associated with low recurrences in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:496-502. [PMID: 28962820 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a troublesome problem and a major concern for the patients. This study examined whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in alveolar type I pneumocytes was associated with the clinical manifestations of PSP patients including disease recurrence. Eighty-eight PSP patients who were managed with needlescopic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NVATS) were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was assessed to determine Nrf2 expression in resected lung tissues and the results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics by the chi-square or the Fisher's exact test. The prognostic value of Nrf2 for overall recurrence was evaluated by univariate and multivariable Cox regression model. The expression of Nrf2 was observed in type I pneumocytes of lung tissues from PSP patients by IHC. We found that low Nrf2 expression in PSP patients, especially in young (age ≤ 20, p = 0.033) and body mass index (BMI) ≥18 kg/m2 (p = 0.019) groups, was significantly correlated with PSP recurrence. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, high Nrf2 expression was a significant protective factor for overall recurrence in PSP patients (univariate: p = 0.026; multivariate: p = 0.004). The expression level of Nrf2 in alveolar type I pneumocytes was a potential factor involved in PSP recurrence. Our findings suggest that elevated Nrf2 expression in PSP patients may be a promising way for reducing PSP recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Chiu
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Su
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Lin H, Jiao X, Yu B, Du J, Xu H, Dong A, Wan C. Clinical significance of serum 14-3-3 beta in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2017; 20:143-150. [PMID: 28869445 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, Shandong, China
| | - Xuelong Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Benxia Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangdong Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - HaiYan Xu
- Department of Hemopurification Center, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Aiping Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chunsheng Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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20
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Huang BP, Lin CS, Wang CJ, Kao SH. Upregulation of heat shock protein 70 and the differential protein expression induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha enhances migration and inhibits apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:284-293. [PMID: 28367089 PMCID: PMC5370291 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.17861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays diverse roles in liver damage and hepatocarcinogenesis with its multipotent bioactivity. However, the influence of TNFα on protein expression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is incompletely understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differential protein expression of HCC in response to TNFα stimulus. We observed that HepG2 cell revealed a higher resistance to TNFα-induced apoptosis as compared to the non-tumorigenic hepatocyte THLE-2. By using a label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, we found that 520 proteins were differentially expressed in the HepG2 cells exposed to TNFα, including 211 up-regulated and 309 down-regulated proteins. We further confirmed several proteins with significant expression change (TNFα/control ratio>2.0 or <0.5) by immunoblotting using specific antibodies. We also analyzed the differential expressed proteins using Gene ontology and KEGG annotations, and the results implicated that TNFα might regulate ribosome, spliceosome, antigen processing and presentation, and energy metabolism in HepG2 cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that upregulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was involved in both the promoted migration and the inhibited apoptosis of HepG2 cells in response to TNFα. Collectively, these findings indicate that TNFα alters protein expression such as HSP70, which triggering specific molecular processes and signaling cascades that promote migration and inhibit apoptosis of HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee-Piao Huang
- Department of pathology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Shiang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Shen J, Jiang F, Yang Y, Huang G, Pu F, Liu Q, Chen L, Ju L, Lu M, Zhou F, Zhang C, Luo X, Yang X, Jiao C, Li X, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang J. 14-3-3η is a novel growth-promoting and angiogenic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2016; 65:953-962. [PMID: 27210426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The continued search for novel therapeutic strategies for HCC is urgently required. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functions and clinical significance of 14-3-3η protein in HCC. METHODS Expressions of genes and proteins were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Their functions were assessed by endothelial cell recruitment, tube formation, wound healing, flow cytometry, immunostaining, immunoprecipitation, and xenograft assay. A tissue microarray followed by univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to indicate the clinical significance. RESULTS In HCC specimens, overexpression of 14-3-3η was observed not only in tumors but also in intratumoral vessels. In HCC and vascular endothelial cells, 14-3-3η stimulated proliferation and angiogenesis, but attenuated the functions of sorafenib. Briefly, 14-3-3η facilitated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2). Then, by binding to the phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), formed a functional positive feed-back loop. A xenograft model showed that, blockage of either 14-3-3η or ERK1/2 inhibited the tumor growth. Finally, tissue microarray analyses showed that overexpression of 14-3-3η, either in tumors or intratumoral vessels, contributed to the poor survival. CONCLUSIONS The 14-3-3η-ERK1/2 feedback loop played a characteristic growth-promoting role in HCC, not only in tumors but also in intratumoral vessels. Further, 14-3-3η could be a potential therapeutic target for HCC and a biomarker for predicting sorafenib treatment response. LAY SUMMARY Here we found that, 14-3-3η protein exhibited a characteristic growth-promoting effect in both tumor and intratumoral vessels of hepatocellular carcinoma by interacting with ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Guangming Huang
- Department of Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Fuxing Pu
- Department of Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qinqiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Liang Ju
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiagang Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chengyu Jiao
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangcheng Li
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China.
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Down-regulation of β-arrestin2 promotes tumour invasion and indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35609. [PMID: 27759077 PMCID: PMC5069669 DOI: 10.1038/srep35609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
β-arrestins, including β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2, are multifunctional adaptor proteins. β-arrestins have recently been found to play new roles in regulating intracellular signalling networks associated with malignant cell functions. Altered β-arrestin expression has been reported in many cancers, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not clear. We therefore examined the roles of β-arrestins in HCC using an animal model of progressive HCC, HCC patient samples and HCC cell lines with stepwise metastatic potential. We demonstrated that β-arrestin2 level, but not β-arrestin1 level, decreased in conjunction with liver tumourigenesis in a mouse diethylnitrosamine-induced liver tumour model. Furthermore, β-arrestin2 expression was reduced in HCC tissues compared with noncancerous tissues in HCC patients. β-arrestin2 down-regulation in HCC was significantly associated with poor patient prognoses and aggressive pathologic features. In addition, our in vitro study showed that β-arrestin2 overexpression significantly reduced cell migration and invasion in cultured HCC cells. Furthermore, β-arrestin2 overexpression up-regulated E-cadherin expression and inhibited vimentin expression and Akt activation. These results suggest that β-arrestin2 down-regulation increases HCC cell migration and invasion ability. Low β-arrestin2 expression may be indicative of a poor prognosis or early cancer recurrence in patients who have undergone surgery for HCC.
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Liu TA, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Wu YJ, Lu YJ, Liang SM, Liu CC, Chen SC, Wang J, Shyue SK, Liou JY. Regulation of aldo-keto-reductase family 1 B10 by 14-3-3ε and their prognostic impact of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:38967-82. [PMID: 26516929 PMCID: PMC4770750 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
14-3-3ε is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression significantly associates with a poor prognostic outcome. To uncover how 14-3-3ε contributes to the tumor progression of HCC, we investigated the potential downstream targets regulated by 14-3-3ε. We found that 14-3-3ε increases expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin and that 14-3-3ε-induced cell proliferation is attenuated by β-catenin silencing in HCC cells. Moreover, 14-3-3ε induces aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) expression through the activation of β-catenin signaling. Knockdown of AKR1B10 by siRNAs abolished 14-3-3ε-induced in vitro cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth as well as in vivo tumor growth. Furthermore, AKR1B10 silencing increased retinoic acid (RA) levels in the serum of tumor-bearing mice and RA treatment attenuated 14-3-3ε-induced HCC cell proliferation. We further examined 14-3-3ε and AKR1B10 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of HCC tumors. Although the expression of AKR1B10 was significantly correlated with 14-3-3ε, an increase of AKR1B10 expression in 14-3-3ε positive patients paradoxically had better overall survival and disease-free survival rates as well as lower metastatic incidence than those without an AKR1B10 increase. Finally, we found a loss of AKR1B10 expression in cells exhibiting a high capacity of invasiveness. Silencing of AKR1B10 resulted in inducing snail and vimentin expression in HCC cells. These results indicate that AKR1B10 may play a dual role during HCC tumor progression. Our results also indicate that 14-3-3ε regulates AKR1B10 expression by activating β-catenin signaling. A combination of 14-3-3ε with AKR1B10 is a potential therapeutic target and novel prognostic biomarker of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-An Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhu Lu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chia Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Estève PO, Zhang G, Ponnaluri VKC, Deepti K, Chin HG, Dai N, Sagum C, Black K, Corrêa IR, Bedford MT, Cheng X, Pradhan S. Binding of 14-3-3 reader proteins to phosphorylated DNMT1 facilitates aberrant DNA methylation and gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:1642-56. [PMID: 26553800 PMCID: PMC4770214 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is essential for maintenance methylation. Phosphorylation of Ser143 (pSer143) stabilizes DNMT1 during DNA replication. Here, we show 14-3-3 is a reader protein of DNMT1pSer143. In mammalian cells 14-3-3 colocalizes and binds DNMT1pSer143 post-DNA replication. The level of DNMT1pSer143 increased with overexpression of 14-3-3 and decreased by its depletion. Binding of 14-3-3 proteins with DNMT1pSer143 resulted in inhibition of DNA methylation activity in vitro. In addition, overexpression of 14-3-3 in NIH3T3 cells led to decrease in DNMT1 specific activity resulting in hypomethylation of the genome that was rescued by transfection of DNMT1. Genes representing cell migration, mobility, proliferation and focal adhesion pathway were hypomethylated and overexpressed. Furthermore, overexpression of 14-3-3 also resulted in enhanced cell invasion. Analysis of TCGA breast cancer patient data showed significant correlation for DNA hypomethylation and reduced patient survival with increased 14-3-3 expressions. Therefore, we suggest that 14-3-3 is a crucial reader of DNMT1pSer143 that regulates DNA methylation and altered gene expression that contributes to cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | | | | | - Hang Gyeong Chin
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | - Nan Dai
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | - Cari Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Karynne Black
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Ivan R Corrêa
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sriharsa Pradhan
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
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Xie N, Huang YS, Luo ZF, Xue FG. RNA interference based silencing of YWHAE suppresses proliferation of colon cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:4643-4651. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i29.4643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the correlation between YWHAE overexpression and colon cancer proliferation.
METHODS: We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of YWHAE overexpression in 87 colon carcinoma specimens and analyzed its relationship with clinical and pathological parameters. YWHAE expression was then silenced by RNA interference in colon cancer cell line HT-29, and the expression levels of YWHAE protein and mRNA were assayed by Western blot and reverse transcription-PCR, respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT method, and cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. Colony formation assay was used to determine the growth properties of transfected cells.
RESULTS: YWHAE was highly expressed in colon carcinoma, and negative or low expression was observed in colon mucosal epithelial cells (P < 0.001). The expression intensity of YWHAE was significantly higher in colon cancer with metastasis than in colon cancer without metastasis (P < 0.05). The proliferation and colony formation ability of colon cancer cells were significantly reduced after silencing of YWHAE expression. Additional results showed that reduced YWHAE expression in colon cells led to an increased cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle G1 arrest.
CONCLUSION: YWHAE is overexpressed in colon cancer, which may be related to metastasis in colon carcinoma. Silencing of YWHAE inhibited the proliferation ability of colon cancer cells, which may be associated with cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Hirata S, Marotta A, Gui Y, Hanami K, Tanaka Y. Serum 14-3-3η level is associated with severity and clinical outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis, and its pretreatment level is predictive of DAS28 remission with tocilizumab. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:280. [PMID: 26449724 PMCID: PMC4599751 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treat-to-target strategies to achieve low disease activity or clinical remission are key in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 14-3-3η is a joint-derived biomarker that is expressed at significantly higher levels in patients with RA than in healthy subjects, other autoimmune diseases, or viral and bacterial arthritides. In this study, we sought to investigate the utility of pretreatment levels of 14-3-3η and serial measurement of 14-3-3η to inform therapeutic outcomes. METHODS Serum 14-3-3η levels were measured in 149 Japanese patients with RA before the initiation of therapy and at 1-year follow-up. Patients were treated with either methotrexate (MTX), adalimumab (ADA), tocilizumab (TCZ), or tofacitinib (TOF). 14-3-3η positivity was defined as ≥0.19 ng/ml and at two times and four times this cutoff. In contingency analysis, we determined the association of 14-3-3η with disease severity. Wilcoxon matched-pairs test was used to evaluate the significance of pre- to post-treatment changes. Mann-Whitney U test was performed for differences between treatment response groups. Fisher's exact test was used to assess associations of 14-3-3η with a good response defined by European League Against Rheumatism criteria as well as remission defined by the Disease activity Score in 28 joints with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index score. RESULTS 14-3-3η-positive patients had more severe disease before the initiation of treatment. When combined with C-reactive protein (CRP), 14-3-3η positivity added significantly and incrementally to the identification of patients with high disease activity. 14-3-3η levels were significantly decreased at 1 year and were modifiable across all classes of therapeutics. Patients who reverted to negative 14-3-3η levels had better clinical response than patients who remained positive at 1 year or became positive. Pretreatment 14-3-3η levels informed 1-year DAS28-ESR remission in the TCZ-treated group, in contrast to the ADA, MTX, or TOF groups, while no differences in pretreatment 14-3-3η expression based on clinical response. CONCLUSIONS 14-3-3η is a modifiable marker in identifying patients with RA in a high disease state. Patients who achieve a negative 14-3-3η status following 1-year of treatment do better clinically with pretreatment 14-3-3η informing response to TCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Hirata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
| | | | - Yuan Gui
- Augurex Life Sciences Corporation, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Kentaro Hanami
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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Lin CC, Chen JT, Lin MW, Chan CH, Wen YF, Wu SB, Chung TW, Lyu KW, Chou HC, Chan HL. Identification of protein expression alterations in gefitinib-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma: PCNT and mPR play key roles in the development of gefitinib-associated resistance. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:359-73. [PMID: 26298006 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Gefitinib is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which comprises nearly 85% of all lung cancer cases worldwide. However, most patients eventually develop drug resistance after 12-18 months of treatment. Hence, investigating the drug resistance mechanism and resistance-associated biomarkers is necessary. Two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, PC9 and gefitinib-resistant PC9/Gef, were established for examining resistance mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used for examining global protein expression changes between PC9 and PC9/Gef. The results revealed that 164 identified proteins were associated with the formation of gefitinib resistance in PC9 cells. Additional studies using RNA interference showed that progesterone receptor membrane component 1 and pericentrin proteins have major roles in gefitinib resistance. In conclusion, the proteomic approach enabled identifying of numerous proteins involved in gefitinib resistance. The results provide useful diagnostic markers and therapeutic candidates for treating gefitinib-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Science, and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ting Chen
- Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 30071, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Feng Wen
- Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Bei Wu
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wen Chung
- Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kevin W Lyu
- Lutheran Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Global Scholars Program, St. George's University/Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chou
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Wu YJ, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Liou JY. Involvement of 14-3-3 Proteins in Regulating Tumor Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:1022-36. [PMID: 26083935 PMCID: PMC4491697 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are seven mammalian isoforms of the 14-3-3 protein, which regulate multiple cellular functions via interactions with phosphorylated partners. Increased expression of 14-3-3 proteins contributes to tumor progression of various malignancies. Several isoforms of 14-3-3 are overexpressed and associate with higher metastatic risks and poorer survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 14-3-3β and 14-3-3ζ regulate HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth and chemosensitivity via modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 signal pathways. Moreover, 14-3-3ε suppresses E-cadherin and induces focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression, thereby enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and HCC cell migration. 14-3-3ζ forms complexes with αB-crystallin, which induces EMT and is the cause of sorafenib resistance in HCC. Finally, a recent study has indicated that 14-3-3σ induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression, which increases HCC cell migration. These results suggest that selective 14-3-3 isoforms contribute to cell proliferation, EMT and cell migration of HCC by regulating distinct targets and signal pathways. Targeting 14-3-3 proteins together with specific downstream effectors therefore has potential to be therapeutic and prognostic factors of HCC. In this article, we will overview 14-3-3’s regulation of its downstream factors and contributions to HCC EMT, cell migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Taiwan.
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Onco-proteogenomics identifies urinary S100A9 and GRN as potential combinatorial biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. BBA CLINICAL 2015; 3:205-13. [PMID: 26675302 PMCID: PMC4669941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the major type of liver cancer, is among the most lethal cancers owing to its aggressive nature and frequently late detection. Therefore, the possibility to identify early diagnostic markers could be of significant benefit. Urine has especially become one of the most attractive body fluids in biomarker discovery as it can be obtained non-invasively in large quantities and is stable as compared with other body fluids. To identify potential protein biomarker for early diagnosis of HCC, we explored protein expression profiles in urine from HCC patients and normal controls (n = 44) by shotgun proteomics using nano-liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC–MS/MS) and stable isotope dimethyl labeling. We have systematically mapped 91 proteins with differential expressions (p < 0.05), which included 8 down-regulated microtubule proteins and 83 up-regulated proteins involved in signal and inflammation response. Further integrated proteogenomic approach composed of proteomic, genomic and transcriptomic analysis identified that S100A9 and GRN were co-amplified (p < 0.001) and co-expressed (p < 0.01) in HCC tumors and urine samples. In addition, the amplifications of S100A9 or GRN were found to be associated with poor survival in HCC patients, and their co-amplification was also prognosed worse overall survival than individual ones. Our results suggest that urinary S100A9 and GRN as potential combinatorial biomarkers can be applied to early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and highlight the utility of onco-proteogenomics for identifying protein markers that can be applied to disease-oriented translational medicine. An integrated proteogenomic analysis is applied to identify biomarkers for HCC. Genomic amplifications of S100A9 and GRN co-occur in tumors from HCC patients. S100A9 and GRN are co-expressed in tumor and urine samples from HCC patients. Amplifications of S100A9 and GRN are associated with poor survival of HCC patients.
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Chen X, Guan X, Zhang H, Xie X, Wang H, Long J, Cai T, Li S, Liu Z, Zhang Y. DAL-1 attenuates epithelial-to mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:3. [PMID: 25609022 PMCID: PMC4307741 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-to mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves in metastasis, causing loss of epithelial polarity. Metastasis is the major cause of carcinoma-induced death, but mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we identify differentially expressed in adenocarcinoma of the lung-1 (DAL-1), a protein belongs to the membrane-associated cytoskeleton protein 4.1 family, as an efficient suppressor of EMT in lung cancer. METHODS The relationship between DAL-1 and EMT markers were analyzed by using immunohistochemistry in the clinical lung cancer tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were used to characterize the expression of the EMT indicator mRNAs and proteins in DAL-1 overexpressed or knockdown cells. DAL-1 combined proteins were assessed by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS DAL-1 levels were strongly reduced even lost in lymph node metastasis and advanced pathological stage of human lung carcinomas. Overexpression of DAL-1 altered the expression of numerous EMT markers, such as E-cadherin, β-catenin Vimentin and N-cadherin expression, meanwhile changed the morphological shape of lung cancer cells, and whereas silencing DAL-1 had an opposite effect. DAL-1 directly combined with E-cadherin promoter and regulated its expression that could be the reason for impairing EMT and decreasing cell migration and invasion. Strikingly, HSPA5 was found as DAL-1 direct binding protein. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that tumor suppressor DAL-1 could also attenuate EMT and be important for tumor metastasis in the early transformation process in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfeng West Road, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Gong X, Yan L, Gu H, Mu Y, Tong G, Zhang G. 14-3-3ε functions as an oncogene in SGC7901 gastric cancer cells through involvement of cyclin E and p27kip1. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:3145-50. [PMID: 25310086 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation into the highly conserved 14‑3‑3ε protein has become increasingly important in cell biology due to its involvement in cell survival signaling, cell cycle control and apoptosis. The 14‑3‑3ε protein has been found to exert an impact on the development of various tumor types. However, the functional role and the possible mechanism of 14‑3‑3ε in gastric cancer remains to be elucidated. A previous study by our group indicated a negative correlation between 14‑3‑3ε expression levels and gastric cancer tissue differentiation and a positive correlation between 14‑3‑3ε expression levels and tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis and tumor, nodes and metastasis staging. In the present study, 14‑3‑3ε suppression in the SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line was demonstrated to inhibit cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo and the cell cycle‑associated proteins cyclin E and p27kip1 may have contributed to this antitumor effect. The present study showed for the first time that reducing the expression of 14‑3‑3ε may inhibit the proliferation and progression of gastric cancer and inhibition of this protein may provide a potential strategy for gastric cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Huan Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Gele Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Overexpression of nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1 altered the proteomic profile of human gastric cancer cell MKN45 and induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100216. [PMID: 24926661 PMCID: PMC4057436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (NAIF1) was previously reported to induce apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of NAIF1 was significantly down-regulated in human gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. However, the mechanism by which the NAIF1 gene induces apoptosis is not fully understood. Our results show that NAIF1 was minimally expressed in all the tested gastric cancer cell lines. Our data also demonstrates that NAIF1 is localized in the nuclei of cells as detected by monitoring the green fluorescence of NAIF1-GFP fusion protein using fluorescent confocal microscopy. Next, a comparative proteomic approach was used to identify the differential expression of proteins between gastric cancer cell lines MKN45/NAIF1 (−) and MKN45/NAIF1 (+). We found five proteins (proteasome 26S subunit 2, proteasome 26S subunit 13, NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 1, chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 3 and thioredoxin reductase 1) that were up-regulated and three proteins (ribonuclease inhibitor 1, 14-3-3 protein epsilon isoform and apolipoprotein A-I binding protein) that were down-regulated in the MKN45 cells overexpressing NAIF1. We also discovered that NAIF1 could induce cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase by altering the expression of cell cycle proteins cyclinD1, cdc2 and p21. The differentially expressed proteins identified here are related to various cellular programs involving cell cycle, apoptosis, and signal transduction regulation and suggest that NAIF1 may be a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Our research provides evidence that elucidates the role of how NAIF1 functions in gastric cancer.
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Liu CC, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Wu YM, Liang SM, Chen SC, Lee YM, Liu TA, Chang TC, Wang J, Shyue SK, Sung LY, Liou JY. 14-3-3σ induces heat shock protein 70 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:425. [PMID: 24923353 PMCID: PMC4061114 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 14-3-3σ is implicated in promoting tumor development of various malignancies. However, the clinical relevance of 14-3-3σ in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor progression and modulation and pathway elucidation remain unclear. Methods We investigated 14-3-3σ expression in 109 HCC tissues by immunohistochemistry. Overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed by transfection with cDNA or siRNA. Protein expression and cell migration were determined by Western blot and Boyden chamber assay. Results In this study, we found that 14-3-3σ is abundantly expressed in HCC tumors. Stable or transient overexpression of 14-3-3σ induces the expression of heat shock factor-1α (HSF-1α) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in HCC cells. Moreover, expression of 14-3-3σ significantly correlates with HSF-1α/HSP70 in HCC tumors and both 14-3-3σ and HSP70 overexpression are associated with micro-vascular thrombi in HCC patients, suggesting that 14-3-3σ/HSP70 expression is potentially involved in cell migration/invasion. Results of an in vitro migration assay indicate that 14-3-3σ promotes cell migration and that 14-3-3σ-induced cell migration is impaired by siRNA knockdown of HSP70. Finally, 14-3-3σ-induced HSF-1α/HSP70 expression is abolished by the knockdown of β-catenin or activation of GSK-3β. Conclusions Our findings indicate that 14-3-3σ participates in promoting HCC cell migration and tumor development via β-catenin/HSF-1α/HSP70 pathway regulation. Thus, 14-3-3σ alone or combined with HSP70 are potential prognostic biomarkers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li-Ying Sung
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Kim KO, Hsu AC, Lee HG, Patel N, Chandhanayingyong C, Hickernell T, Lee FYI. Proteomic identification of 14-3-3ϵ as a linker protein between pERK1/2 inhibition and BIM upregulation in human osteosarcoma cells. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:848-54. [PMID: 24536031 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite advancements in multimodality chemotherapy, conventional cytotoxic treatments still remain ineffective for a subset of patients with aggressive metastatic or multifocal osteosarcoma. It has been shown that pERK1/2 inhibition enhances chemosensitivity to doxorubicin and promotes osteosarcoma cell death in vivo and in vitro. One of the pro-apoptotic mechanisms is upregulation of Bim by pERK1/2 inhibitors. To this end, we examined proteomic changes of 143B human osteosarcoma cells with and without treatment of PD98059, pERK1/2 inhibitor. Specifically, we identified 14-3-3ϵ protein as a potential mediator of Bim expression in response to inhibition of pERK1/2. We hypothesized that 14-3-3ϵ mediates upregulation of Bim expression after pERK1/2 inhibition. We examined the expression of Bim after silencing 14-3-3ϵ using siRNA. The 14-3-3ϵ gene silencing resulted in downregulation of Bim expression after PD98059 treatment. These data indicate that 14-3-3ϵ is required for Bim expression and that it has an anti-cancer effect under pERK1/2 inhibition in 143B cells. By playing an essential role upstream of Bim, 14-3-3ϵ may potentially be a coadjuvant factor synergizing the effect of pERK1/2 inhibitors in addition to conventional cytotoxic agents for more effective osteosarcoma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ok Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Research, Columbia University, 650 West 168th Street, New York, New York, 10032; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, 1198 Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 405-760, South Korea
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Maksymowych WP, van der Heijde D, Allaart CF, Landewé R, Boire G, Tak PP, Gui Y, Ghahary A, Kilani R, Marotta A. 14-3-3η is a novel mediator associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and joint damage. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R99. [PMID: 24751211 PMCID: PMC4060379 DOI: 10.1186/ar4547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate whether 14-3-3η, a specific isoform of a family of proteins regulating processes such as cellular signalling, activates cell-signalling pathways and induces factors known to contribute to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We also investigated whether 14-3-3η is associated with more severe disease in both early and established RA. Methods We investigated the effect of 14-3-3η on the activation of RA-relevant signalling cascades and induction of proinflammatory mediators that contribute to the joint damage process. 14-3-3η titres from 33 patients with early RA (mean RA duration = 1.8 months) and from 40 patients with established RA were measured in serum drawn at the 3-year time point of the Behandel Strategieën study. The relationship between 14-3-3η titres and standard clinical variables was investigated by correlation analysis. The association with radiographic damage and radiographic progression over at least a 2-year period was investigated using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results 14-3-3η activated selected members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, mainly extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun kinase, but not p38MAPK. Activation by 14-3-3η, using levels spanning the concentration range found in RA patient serum, resulted in the induction of inflammatory transcripts such as interleukin 1 (IL-1) and IL-6 and factors linked to the joint damage process, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand and matrix metalloproteinase 1. Serum 14-3-3η correlated significantly with rheumatoid factor (RF) (r = 0.43) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) (r = 0.31) in the early RA cohort, but not with C-reactive protein (CRP) or the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints in either cohort. Serum 14-3-3η concentrations were significantly higher in patients with radiographically assessed joint damage and in those who had radiographic progression. By multivariate analysis, we show that 14-3-3η complemented markers such as CRP, RF and ACPA in informing RA radiographic status and/or progression. Conclusions Extracellular 14-3-3η activates key signalling cascades and induces factors associated with the pathogenesis of RA at concentrations found in patients with RA, and its expression is higher in patients with radiographic damage and RA progression.
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Liu M, Liu X, Ren P, Li J, Chai Y, Zheng SJ, Chen Y, Duan ZP, Li N, Zhang JY. A cancer-related protein 14-3-3ζ is a potential tumor-associated antigen in immunodiagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4247-56. [PMID: 24390614 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the conventional biomarker currently used in clinical diagnosis of this malignancy. However, AFP is not reliable for early diagnosis, and especially the sensitivity and specificity of AFP in HCC diagnosis are not optimal. Early detection of HCC is an important issue because of the very poor prognosis and usually no more than 6 months survival after diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for the development of more sensitive and specific methods that can supplement AFP in the early detection of this cancer. In this study, autoantibody responses to 14-3-3ζ in HCC were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, and indirect immunofluorescence assay. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with tissue array slides was also performed to analyze protein expression of 14-3-3ζ in HCC and control tissues. The prevalence of autoantibodies against 14-3-3ζ was 16.7% (28/168) in HCC, which was significantly higher than that in liver cirrhosis (LC), chronic hepatitis (CH), and normal human sera (NHS) (P < 0.01). The average titer of autoantibodies against 14-3-3ζ in HCC sera was higher compared to that in LC, CH, and NHS (P < 0.01). In the further study, anti-14-3-3ζ antibodies have been detected in the sera from several HCC patients with serial bleeding samples. A stronger reactive band with 14-3-3ζ in western blot can be seen in sera at 9 months before the clinical diagnosis of HCC. Our preliminary data indicate that anti-14-3-3ζ autoantibodies may be potential biomarkers for early-stage HCC screening and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liu
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,
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Quantitative proteomic dissection of a native 14-3-3ε interacting protein complex associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Amino Acids 2013; 46:841-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Velázquez-Flores MÁ, Diegopérez-Ramírez J, López-Aguilar E, Siordia-Reyes G, Hernández-Ortiz M, Martínez-Batallar AG, Encarnación-Guevara S, Salamanca-Gómez F, Arenas-Aranda DJ. A proteomic approach of pediatric astrocytomas: MiRNAs and network insight. J Proteomics 2013; 94:162-75. [PMID: 24060999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pediatric astrocytomas, a leading cause of death associated with cancer, are the most common primary central nervous system tumors found in children. Most studies of these tumors focus on adults, not on children. We examined the global protein and microRNA expression pattern by 2D SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), and RT(2) miRNA PCR Array System. Proteomic studies revealed 49 proteins with changes on the expression. Interactome showed that vimentin, calreticulin, and 14-3-3 epsilon protein are hub proteins in these neoplasms. MicroRNA analyses demonstrated for the first time novel microRNAs involved in the astrocytoma biology. In conclusion, our results show that novel proteins and microRNAs with expression changes on pediatric astrocytoma could serve as biomarkers of tumor progression. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Astrocytomas are tumors that progress rapidly and that invade surrounding tissues. Although some drugs have been developed to treat these neoplasms, the mortality of patients is still very high. In this study, we describe for the first time, to our knowledge, some proteins and miRNAs associated with the biology of astrocytic tumors that could be postulated as possible diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Altogether, our results indicate that large-scale analyses allow making a fairly accurate prediction of different cellular processes altered in astrocytic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Ruiz Esparza-Garrido
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, 06720 México, D.F., Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510 Coyoacán, D. F., Mexico
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Tang S, Bai C, Yang P, Chen X. 14-3-3ε boosts bleomycin-induced DNA damage response by inhibiting the drug-resistant activity of MVP. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2511-24. [PMID: 23590642 DOI: 10.1021/pr301085c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Major vault protein (MVP) is the predominant constituent of the vault particle, the largest known ribonuclear protein complex. Although emerging evidence have been establishing the links between MVP (vault) and multidrug resistance (MDR), little is known regarding exactly how the MDR activity of MVP is modulated during cellular response to drug-induced DNA damage (DDR). Bleomycin (BLM), an anticancer drug, induces DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and consequently triggers the cellular DDR. Due to its physiological implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cell fate decision, 14-3-3ε was chosen as the pathway-specific bait protein to identify the critical target(s) responsible for HCC MDR. By using an LC-MS/MS-based proteomic approach, MVP was first identified in the BLM-induced 14-3-3ε interactome formed in HCC cells. Biological characterization revealed that MVP possesses specific activity to promote the resistance to the BLM-induced DDR. On the other hand, 14-3-3ε enhances BLM-induced DDR by interacting with MVP. Mechanistic investigation further revealed that 14-3-3ε, in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, binds to the phosphorylated sites at both Thr52 and Ser864 of the monomer of MVP. Consequently, the phosphorylation-dependent binding between 14-3-3ε and MVP inhibits the drug-resistant activity of MVP for an enhanced DDR to BLM treatment. Our findings provide an insight into the mechanism underlying how the BLM-induced interaction between 14-3-3ε and MVP modulates MDR, implicating novel strategy to overcome the chemotherapeutic resistance through interfering specific protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Liu TA, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Chen SC, Wang J, Hsu C, Wu YM, Liou JY. 14-3-3ε overexpression contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57968. [PMID: 23483955 PMCID: PMC3590290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 14-3-3ε is implicated in regulating tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our earlier study indicated that elevated 14-3-3ε expression is significantly associated with higher risk of metastasis and lower survival rates of HCC patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of how 14-3-3ε regulates HCC tumor metastasis are still unclear. Methodology and Principal Findings In this study, we show that increased 14-3-3ε expression induces HCC cell migration and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is determined by the reduction of E-cadherin expression and induction of N-cadherin and vimentin expression. Knockdown with specific siRNA abolished 14-3-3ε-induced cell migration and EMT. Furthermore, 14-3-3ε selectively induced Zeb-1 and Snail expression, and 14-3-3ε-induced cell migration was abrogated by Zeb-1 or Snail siRNA. In addition, the effect of 14-3-3ε-reduced E-cadherin was specifically restored by Zeb-1 siRNA. Positive 14-3-3ε expression was significantly correlated with negative E-cadherin expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry analysis in HCC tumors. Analysis of 14-3-3ε/E-cadherin expression associated with clinicopathological characteristics revealed that the combination of positive 14-3-3ε and negative E-cadherin expression is significantly correlated with higher incidence of HCC metastasis and poor 5-year overall survival. In contrast, patients with positive 14-3-3ε and positive E-cadherin expression had better prognostic outcomes than did those with negative E-cadherin expression. Significance Our findings show for the first time that E-cadherin is one of the downstream targets of 14-3-3ε in modulating HCC tumor progression. Thus, 14-3-3ε may act as an important regulator in modulating tumor metastasis by promoting EMT as well as cell migration, and it may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-An Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Jee Jan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Liang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiun Hsu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ming Wu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yang Liou
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Expression of partitioning defective 3 (Par-3) for predicting extrahepatic metastasis and survival with hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1684-97. [PMID: 23322019 PMCID: PMC3565341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Partitioning defective 3 (Par-3), a crucial component of partitioning-defective complex proteins, controls cell polarity and contributes to cell migration and cancer cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, the clinical relevance of Par-3 in tumor progression and metastasis has not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the impact and association of Par-3 expression and clinical outcomes with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We first confirmed that Par-3 was abundantly expressed in HCC cell lines by Western blot analysis. We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the association of Par-3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in primary and subsequent metastatic tumors of patients with HCC. Par-3 was overexpressed in 47 of 111 (42.3%) primary tumors. Increased expression of Par-3 in primary tumors predicted an increased five-year cumulative incidence of extrahepatic metastasis. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that Par-3 overexpression was an independent risk factor of extrahepatic metastasis. Increased Par-3 expression in primary tumors was associated with poor five-year overall survival rates and was an independent prognostic factor on Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, we show for the first time that increased Par-3 expression is associated with distant metastasis and poor survival rates in patients with HCC. Par-3 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Zhou X, Yang J, Wang Y, Li W, Li-Ling J, Deng Y, Zhang M. Cucurbitacin B inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced invasion and migration of human hepatoma cells through inactivating mitogen-activated protein kinase and PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathways. Hepatol Res 2012; 42:401-11. [PMID: 22151918 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00933.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is an active component isolated from various plants used as folk medicine in Asian countries and has shown diverse antitumor activities. There is, however, no documented effect of CuB on the migration and invasion of human hepatoma cells yet. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of CuB on the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS Human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and BEL-7402 were used for the study. Effects of CuB on cancer cell migration and invasion were evaluated in vitro with wound healing and transwell assays. The effect of CuB on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Akt, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), c-Fos and c-Jun was investigated with gelatin zymography and/or western blotting. RESULTS Cucurbitacin B has significantly suppressed 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced cell invasion and migration in a concentration-dependent manner, which was accompanied with suppression of TPA-induced MMP-9 expression through inactivation of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38 and Akt. In the nucleus, it has also strongly suppressed TPA-stimulated expression of NF-κB, c-Jun and c-Fos. CONCLUSION Cucurbitacin B has a potential value for suppressing metastasis of human hepatoma cells through suppressing the expression of MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, China Medical University Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Daqing Oilfield, Daqing Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Life Science & Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu TA, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Chen SC, Liang SM, Hung YL, Hsu C, Shen TL, Lee YM, Chen PF, Wang J, Shyue SK, Liou JY. Increased expression of 14-3-3β promotes tumor progression and predicts extrahepatic metastasis and worse survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2698-708. [PMID: 21967815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3β is implicated in cell survival, proliferation, migration, and tumor growth; however, its clinical relevance in tumor progression and metastasis have never been elucidated. To evaluate the clinical significance of 14-3-3β, we analyzed the association of 14-3-3β expression and clinicopathologic characteristics in primary and subsequent metastatic tumors of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. 14-3-3β was expressed abundantly in 40 of 55 (70.7%) primary tumors. Increased 14-3-3β expression in primary tumors predicted a higher 5-year cumulative incidence of subsequent extrahepatic metastasis, and multivariate analysis revealed 14-3-3β overexpression was an independent risk factor for extrahepatic metastasis. Patients with increased 14-3-3β expression in primary tumors had worse 5-year overall survival rates, and 14-3-3β overexpression was an independent prognostic factor on Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, stably overexpressed 14-3-3β enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and proliferation and increased anchorage-independent cell growth. In addition, in vivo study in a nude-mice model showed tumor formation significantly increased with 14-3-3β overexpression. In conclusion, this is the first report to show that increased 14-3-3β expression is associated with subsequent extrahepatic metastasis and worse survival rates, as well as cancer progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, 14-3-3β may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-An Liu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Liao M, Tong P, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang J, Feng X, Hu M, Pan Y. Prognostic Value of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1/ Proteinase-Activated Receptor-1 Signaling Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2011; 18:397-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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