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Jeong HY, Ha JH, Sigurdsson A, Peters OA, Kim HC, Kwak SW. Effects of Side Flattening on Torsional and Cyclic Fracture Resistance of Nickel-Titanium File. J Endod 2024; 50:1011-1016. [PMID: 38642733 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of side flattening of cutting flutes on the cyclic resistance and torsional resistance of nickel-titanium files. METHODS Both novel flattened Platinum V.EU (PL) and standard nonflattened CC Premium V.EU (CC) rotaries were tested. For cyclic fatigue tests, all the files were rotated in an artificial root canal with a curvature of 45° and a radius of 6.06 mm at 300 rpm (n = 15 in each group). The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated. For torsional tests, the files were rotated at 2 rpm clockwise until fracture occurred. The maximum torque value at fracture was measured and the toughness and distortion angle were computed. Subsequently, 5 fragments were randomly selected in each experiment, the cross-section and longitudinal direction of the fragments were photographed using a scanning electron microscope. An unpaired t-test was performed at a significance level of 95%. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in NCF between CC and PL (P < .05). CC showed higher NCF than PL. There was no statistically significant difference between CC and PL with regards to the parameters related to torsional resistance (distortion angle, ultimate strength, and toughness) (P > .05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, side flattening of the file did not improve cyclic resistance or torsional resistance of the files. As side flattening may reduce a file's cyclic resistance, such files should be used with caution in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Yoon Jeong
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hong Ha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Asgeir Sigurdsson
- Department of Endodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Ove A Peters
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sang Won Kwak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Comparative Assessment of the Shaping Ability of Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold, and ProTaper Gold in Simulated Root Canals. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093028. [PMID: 35591361 PMCID: PMC9102275 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the original trajectory of the root canal is a major challenge in endodontic therapy, especially in narrow and curved root canals. The present study aims to assess the shaping capacity of three endodontic systems made of different nickel−titanium alloys on simulated curved root canals. Thirty-six endodontic resin blocks (Ref. V040245, VDW) divided into three groups, each of twelve blocks (n = 12), were shaped, photographed, and analyzed: Group 1-Protaper Gold (PTG) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) F2 25/08; Group 2-Reciproc Blue (RB), RB 25/08 (VDW, Munich, Germany); Group 3-WaveOne Gold (WOG) (Dentsply Maillefer), WOG 25/07. Each block was standardized and photographed before and after shaping in the same position, with the foramen oriented to the left. Post-shaping images were superimposed onto the initial ones. Thirteen measurement points were used for evaluation, spaced with 1 mm distance from one another, from level 0, apical foramen, to level 12, coronal orifice. The amount of removed resin from inner (X1) and outer (X2) walls, the direction of transportation (X1 − X2), and the centering ability (X1 − X2)/Y were measured, calculated, and comparatively analyzed. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the shaping capacity of the considered systems in the middle and coronal thirds. PTG had a better centering ability than WOG and RB in the coronal third, while RB was more centered in the middle third in comparison to both WOG and PTG. In the apical third, the centering capacity of WOG was higher, without being statistically significant. WOG 25/07 and PTG 25/08 tend to cut more on the inner wall of the root canals, and RB 25/08 on the external one.
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Zanza A, D’Angelo M, Reda R, Gambarini G, Testarelli L, Di Nardo D. An Update on Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments in Endodontics: Mechanical Characteristics, Testing and Future Perspective-An Overview. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8120218. [PMID: 34940371 PMCID: PMC8698980 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of Nickel-Titanium alloy as the material of choice for the manufacturing of endodontic rotary instruments, the success rate of the root canal therapies has been significantly increased. This success mainly arises from the properties of the Nickel-Titanium alloy: the biocompatibility, the superelasticity and the shape memory effect. Those characteristics have led to a reduction in time of endodontic treatments, a simplification of instrumentation procedures and an increase of predictability and effectiveness of endodontic treatments. Nevertheless, the intracanal separation of Nickel-Titanium rotary instruments is still a major concern of endodontists, with a consequent possible reduction in the outcome rate. As thoroughly demonstrated, the two main causes of intracanal separation of endodontic instruments are the cyclic fatigue and the torsional loads. As results, in order to reduce the percentage of intracanal separation research and manufacturers have been focused on the parameters that directly or indirectly influence mechanical properties of endodontic rotary instruments. This review describes the current state of the art regarding the Nickel-Titanium alloy in endodontics, the mechanical behavior of endodontic rotary instruments and the relative stresses acting on them during intracanal instrumentation, highlighting the limitation of the current literature.
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Jordal K, Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Sen A, Torgersen G, Ørstavik D, Sunde PT. Effects of an individualized training course on technical quality and periapical status of teeth treated endodontically by dentists in the Public Dental Service in Norway: An observational intervention study. Int Endod J 2021; 55:240-251. [PMID: 34817881 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of a continuing education course on technical quality and treatment outcome for root filled permanent teeth in Møre and Romsdal County, Norway. METHODOLOGY Fifty-two dentists employed in the Public Dental Service in Møre and Romsdal county, Norway, completed a two-day continuing education course in root canal treatment. Periapical radiographs of root filled teeth treated before and after the course, with at least one-year follow-up were identified and scored for technical quality and periapical status. Technical root filling quality was assessed by density and length and the treatment outcome by PAI scores. Treatment information was achieved from the county's electronic dental record system. Information regarding the dental practitioners' background and treatment procedure routines was collected by a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics analyses and mixed-effect logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of the course. RESULTS Radiographs were available for 224 teeth root filled before and for 221 teeth after the course. The proportion of teeth with adequate root filling quality was significantly lower after the course (p = .006), associated mainly with short root fillings (p < .001). No significant differences were observed in treatment outcome. There were, however, large differences in treatment outcome amongst subgroups of dentists. Further, there was evidence of effect modification by the continuing education course on periapical outcome by patient's age (pinteraction = .0023) suggesting that teeth in patients ≤18 years healed relatively better post-course compared to patients >18 years. CONCLUSIONS A two-day continuing education course in root canal treatment attended by Public Dental Service dentists in Norway did not improve the technical quality of root fillings or periapical status associated with root filled teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Jordal
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, TkMidt, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Abhijit Sen
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, TkMidt, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gerald Torgersen
- IT Section, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Ørstavik
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pia Titterud Sunde
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Comparison of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of One-G, EdgeGlidePath, and Neolix: A MicroComputed Tomography Study of Curved Root Canals. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4898684. [PMID: 34795762 PMCID: PMC8594984 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4898684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims A glide path is created prior to root canal instrumentation by nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files to increase the efficiency and safety of cleaning and shaping. This study aimed to assess root canal transportation in use of different glide path files in curved canals. Materials and Methods 30 sound mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular molars with 20° to 40° curvature were selected and randomly assigned to 3 groups of EdgeGlidePath (EGP, EdgeEndo), One-G (Micro-Mega), and Neolix (Neoniti). The specimens were scanned before and after glide path creation by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The pre- and postoperative micro-CT scans were superimposed, and the degree of canal transportation and centering ratio were measured at 1, 3, 5, and 7 mm distances from the apical foramen. Statistical Analysis. The data were analyzed by two-way and one-way ANOVA. Results The effects of distance from the apical foramen and instrument type and the interaction effect of the two were not significant on the centering ability of the files or canal transportation. Conclusion EdgeGlidePath, One-G, and Neolix files fabricated from the conventional NiTi alloy or heat-treated M-Wire alloy showed similar performance regarding centering ability and canal transportation in glide path preparation in curved canals.
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Karkehabadi H, Siahvashi Z, Shokri A, Haji Hasani N. Cone-beam computed tomographic analysis of apical transportation and centering ratio of ProTaper and XP-endo Shaper NiTi rotary systems in curved canals: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:277. [PMID: 34034735 PMCID: PMC8147396 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is an important step of endodontic treatment. Canal transportation is a common procedural error in preparation of curved canals. This study aimed to compare the canal transportation and centering ratio of two rotary files in curved canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods Forty-four extracted human mandibular first molars with mature apices and 10° to 30° apical curvature were selected. The samples were randomly divided into two groups (n = 22) with similar curvature. The canals were prepared with ProTaper and XP-endo Shaper file systems according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The CBCT images were obtained using Cranex 3D CBCT scanner before and after root canal preparation, and canal transportation and centering ratio of the files at 3, 4 and 5 mm levels from the apex were calculated. Data were compared between the two groups using independent t-test at 0.05 level of significance. Results The ProTaper Universal caused greater canal transportation and had lower centering ratio than XP-endo Shaper in both mesiodistal and buccolingual directions at all levels from the apex. The difference between the two groups regarding canal transportation was significant at all levels from the apex in buccolingual direction (P < 0.05) except for 3 mm from the apex (P > 0.05). The difference between the two groups regarding centering ratio was not significant (P > 0.05) in mesiodistal direction at all levels except for 4 mm from the apex (P < 0.05). Conclusion The ProTaper Universal causes greater canal transportation in both buccolingual and mesiodistal directions than XP-endo Shaper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Shokri
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd, 6516647447, Hamadan, Iran.
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Kabil E, Katić M, Anić I, Bago I. Micro-computed Evaluation of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of 5 Rotary and Reciprocating Systems with Different Metallurgical Properties and Surface Treatments in Curved Root Canals. J Endod 2020; 47:477-484. [PMID: 33217469 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the transportation and centering ability of 5 different rotary and reciprocating file systems with different metallurgical properties and surface treatments in curved root canals. METHODS Fifty mesiobuccal round canals of upper molars with a curvature of 25°-40° were assigned to 5 experimental groups (n = 12) according to the instrumentation system used: ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), Reciproc Blue (RCB [VDW, Munich, Germany]), Reciproc (VDW), TruNatomy (TRN [Dentsply Sirona]), and XP-endo Shaper (FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland). During instrumentation, 5 mL 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used in each root canal. The final irrigation protocol included 15% EDTA followed by sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The micro-computed tomographic scanning of the samples was performed before and after instrumentation to analyze the transportation and centering ability at 3 canal levels. The results were analyzed with the 1-way analysis of variance test with the corresponding post hoc test. RESULTS Overall, RCB caused significantly more canal transportation compared with the other techniques (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the other techniques (P > .05). ProTaper Next had a significantly better ability to stay within the central axis of the root canal compared with the Reciproc and RCB techniques (P = .046 and P = .017, respectively). In the apical third, all techniques caused similar apical transportation and centering ability (P > .05). In the middle and cervical parts of the canal, the RCB caused significantly greater canal transportation than the other techniques (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Under the limitations of this study, all tested techniques had similar transportation and centering abilities in the apical part of the canal. However, the overall results and those in the middle and coronal parts of the canal indicated that reciprocating instruments resulted in more canal transportation and less centered preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Kabil
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Katić
- Department of Quality, National Laboratory for Length, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Anić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivona Bago
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Cryotherapy: A New Paradigm of Treatment in Endodontics. J Endod 2020; 46:936-942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Three-Dimensional Analysis of Root Anatomy and Root Canal Curvature in Mandibular Incisors Using Micro-Computed Tomography with Novel Software. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10124385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Root canal treatment of mandibular incisor is difficult because of the narrow pulp space and apical curvature. The aim of this study was to measure the anatomical indicators of the mandibular incisors in Koreans using micro-computed tomography (MCT) with novel software (Kappa 2). The MCT-scanned data from 27 mandibular incisors were reconstructed and analyzed. For each canal, 3-dimensional (3D) surface models were re-sliced at 0.1 mm intervals perpendicular to the central axis of the root canal. Root canal width, dentine thickness, and direction and degree of root canal curvatures were measured automatically on each slice. Measurements were analyzed statistically with Bhapkar test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Labial and lingual dentine thicknesses were significantly larger than mesial and distal thicknesses (p < 0.001). The thinnest dentine was mainly located on the mesio-lingual side of the canals in the apical third. The mean narrowest and widest canal width in the apical sixth were 0.22 mm and 0.40 mm, respectively. The canal curvature abruptly increased in the apical 0.5-mm portion. MCT with novel software provided useful anatomical information for root canal instrumentation.
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Filizola de Oliveira DJ, Leoni GB, da Silva Goulart R, Sousa-Neto MDD, Silva Sousa YTC, Silva RG. Changes in Geometry and Transportation of Root Canals with Severe Curvature Prepared by Different Heat-treated Nickel-titanium Instruments: A Micro–computed Tomographic Study. J Endod 2019; 45:768-773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Machado CAD, Souza ACA, Loureiro C, Martinho FC, Cintra LTÂ, Dezan Junior E, Jacinto RDC. Comparison of two rotary systems in bacteria/lps removal from endodontic infections: randomized clinical trial. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e039. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Vyver PJ, Paleker F, Vorster M, Wet FA. Micro‐computed tomographic evaluation of two single rotary glide path systems. Int Endod J 2018; 52:352-358. [PMID: 30132925 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Vyver
- Department of Odontology School of Dentistry Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - F. Paleker
- Department of Odontology School of Dentistry Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - M. Vorster
- Department of Odontology School of Dentistry Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - F. A. Wet
- Department of Odontology School of Dentistry Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
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Nazarian N, Abbasi M, Sakhdari SH, Ghannad S. Comparison of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of Wave One and SafeSider in Curved Root Canals Using Cone-Beam
Computed Tomography. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.3.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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AlRahabi MK. Evaluation of complications of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students. Libyan J Med 2018; 12:1345582. [PMID: 28678645 PMCID: PMC5508642 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2017.1345582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) and detected iatrogenic errors in an undergraduate dental clinic at the College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia. Dental records of 280 patients who received RCT between 2013 and 2016 undertaken by dental students were investigated by retrospective chart review. Root canal obturation was evaluated on the basis of the length of obturation being ≤2 mm from the radiographic apex, with uniform radiodensity and good adaptation to root canal walls. Inadequate root canal obturation included cases containing procedural errors such as furcal perforation, ledge, canal transportation, strip perforation, root perforation, instrument separation, voids in the obturation, or underfilling or overfilling of the obturation. In 193 (68.9%) teeth, RCT was adequate and without procedural errors. However, in 87 (31.1%) teeth, RCT was inadequate and contained procedural errors. The frequency of procedural errors in the entire sample was 31.1% as follows: underfilling, 49.9%; overfilling, 24.1%; voids, 12.6%; broken instruments, 9.2%; apical perforation, 2.3%; and root canal transportation, 2.3%. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the type or frequency of procedural errors between the fourth- and fifth-year students. Lower molars (43.1%) and upper incisors (19.2%) exhibited the highest and lowest frequencies of procedural errors, respectively. The technical quality of RCT performed by undergraduate dental students was classified as ‘adequate’ in 68.9% of the cases. There is a need for improvement in the training of students at the preclinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mothanna K AlRahabi
- a Department of Restorative Dentistry Science, College of Dentistry , Taibah University , Madinah Al Munawwarah , Saudi Arabia
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Mesgarani A, Hamidi MR, Haghanifar S, Naiemi S, Bijani A. Comparison of apical transportation and centering ability of Mtwo and Reciproc R25 in severely curved canals using cone-beam computed tomography. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2018; 15:57-62. [PMID: 29497448 PMCID: PMC5806431 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.223620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Apical transportation (AT) of the root canal moves the physiologic canal terminus to a new location on the external root surface and results in the accumulation of debris and residual microorganisms due to inadequate cleaning and shaping of the canal end. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of AT following canal preparation with Mtwo and Reciproc R25 using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT). Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 40 mesiobuccal root canals of the maxillary molars with 19–22 mm length and (>40°) taper were prepared in two groups using Mtwo and Reciproc R25 rotary systems along with irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl. CBCT scans were obtained of the canals before and after preparation under similar conditions, and the values were measured using the device software. The amount of AT was measured according to Gambill et al. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 and Chi-square and t-tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both systems caused some degrees of AT. No significant difference was found between the two systems in terms of the amount and direction of AT (P > 0.05); overall, the frequency of AT toward the mesial wall was greater than that toward the distal direction. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The mean amount of AT and the ability to keep the instruments in severely curved canals were not significantly different in canals prepared by Mtwo and Reciproc rotary systems. Thus, these systems can be used in the clinical setting with the lowest risk of AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mesgarani
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Hamidi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sina Haghanifar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shabnam Naiemi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- MD, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Delgoshayi N, Abbasi M, Bakhtiar H, Sakhdari S, Ghannad S, Ellini MR. Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of ProTaper and SafeSider in Preparation of Curved Root Canals: A CBCT Evaluation. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2018; 13:240-245. [PMID: 29707022 PMCID: PMC5911301 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i2.19200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maintaining the original central canal path is an important parameter in efficient root canal preparation. Instruments causing minimal changes in original canal path are preferred for this purpose. This study sought to compare canal transportation and centering ability of ProTaper and SafeSider instruments in curved mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular first molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS AND MATERIALS In this experimental study, 30 mesiobuccal root canals of extracted human mandibular first molars with 20° to 40° curvature were randomly divided into two groups (n=15). After mounting in putty, preoperative CBCT scans were obtained of teeth. Root canals in group A were shaped using S1, S2, F1 and F2 of ProTaper system. Root canals in group B were instrumented to size 25 using SafeSider system according to the manufacturers' instructions. Postoperative CBCT scans were then obtained. The distance between the external root surface and internal canal wall was measured at the mesial and distal at 1, 3 and 7 mm from the apex. The values measured on primary and secondary CBCT scans were compared to assess possible changes in original central canal path and canal transportation. Data were compared using the t-test and repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS ProTaper and SafeSider were significantly different in terms of canal transportation and centering ability, and ProTaper was significantly superior to SafeSider in this respect (P<0.001). CONCLUSION ProTaper (in contrast to SafeSider) is well capable of maintaining the original central canal path with the least amount of transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Delgoshayi
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoure Abbasi
- Department of Endodontics, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hengameh Bakhtiar
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Sakhdari
- Department of Radiology, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Ghannad
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ellini
- Dental Material Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Mohammadian F, Sadeghi A, Dibaji F, Sadegh M, Ghoncheh Z, Kharrazifard MJ. Comparison of Apical Transportation with the Use of Rotary System and Reciprocating Handpiece with Precurved Hand Files: An In Vitro Study. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2017; 12:462-467. [PMID: 29225642 PMCID: PMC5722116 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v12i4.16063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Success of root canal treatment depends on several factors; among which, maintaining the original canal path during mechanical preparation is extremely important. This in vitro study aimed to compare apical transportation using RaCe NiTi rotary system and precurved stainless steel (SS) hand files in a reciprocating handpiece. Methods and Materials: Mesiobuccal canals of 40 extracted human mandibular first and second molars with 20 to 45° curvatures and 3 to 7 mm curve radius were chosen for this study. After working length determination, the teeth were divided into two groups (n=20). Root canals were prepared with RaCe in group 1 and NSK handpiece and precurved SS hand files in group 2 up to #30 with 2% taper in both groups. Radiographs were taken of teeth before and after instrumentation from buccolingual and mesiodistal directions. The images were superimposed using Adobe Photoshop CS3 software. Degree of straightening and amount of apical transportation at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm levels short of the working length were determined using digital subtraction radiography. The student’s t test was used to compare the degree of straightening and Mann Whitney test was applied to compare apical transportation (millimeters) between the two groups. Results: No significant difference was noted between the two groups on buccolingual or mesiodistal views in degree of straightening and apical transportation on buccolingual view (P>0.05). However, on mesiodistal view, NSK reciprocating handpiece caused greater apical transportation at 0. 0.5 and 1 mm levels (P<0.05). Conclusion: The RaCe system and precurved SS files in reciprocating handpiece were highly similar in terms of degree of straightening and apical transportation. Thus, engine-driven NSK reciprocating handpiece can be used as an efficient adjunct for root canal preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadian
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Dibaji
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sadegh
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghoncheh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
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Yazdizadeh M, Skini M, Hoseini Goosheh SM, Jafarzadeh M, Shamohammadi M, Rakhshan V. Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Cyclic Fatigue of Endodontic Rotary Nickel Titanium Instruments. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2017; 12:216-219. [PMID: 28512489 PMCID: PMC5431711 DOI: 10.22037/iej.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cyclic fatigue is the common reason for breakage of rotary instruments. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cryogenic treatment (CT) in improving the resistance to cyclic fatigue of endodontic rotary instruments. Methods and Materials: In this in vitro study, 20 RaCe and 20 Mtwo files were randomly divided into two groups of negative control and CT. CT files were stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C for 24 h, and then were gradually warmed to the room temperature. All files were used (at torques and speeds recommended by their manufacturers) in a simulated canal with a 45° curvature until breakage. The time to fail (TF) was recorded and used to calculate the number of cycle to fail (NCF). Groups were compared using independent-samples t-test. Results: Mean NCFs were 1248.2±68.1, 1281.6±78.6, 4126.0±179.2, and 4175.4±190.1 cycles, for the Mtwo-control, Mtwo-CT, RaCe-control, and RaCe-CT, respectively. The difference between the controls and their respective CT groups were not significant (P>0.3). The difference between the systems was significant. Conclusion: Deep CT did not improve resistance to cyclic fatigue of the evaluated rotary files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yazdizadeh
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Skini
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jondishapoor University of Medical Science, Iran
| | | | - Mansour Jafarzadeh
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Milad Shamohammadi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jondishapoor University of Medical Science, Iran
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Lopes DS, Pessoa MAV, Aguiar CM. Assessment of the Centralization of Root Canal Preparation with Rotary Systems. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 50:242-250. [PMID: 27847398 DOI: 10.15644/asc50/3/7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apical deviations are important factors in endodontic therapy, since they can cause the treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to determine the centering capacity of ProTaper Universal™, Twisted File™ and Revo-S® rotary systems using cone beam computed tomography analysis before and after the instrumentation of root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty mesiobuccal roots from human lower first molars were divided into three groups of ten: Group 1 - ProTaper Universal™ Rotary System; Group 2 - Twisted File™ Rotary System; and Group 3 - Revo-S® Rotary System. All teeth were scanned using computed tomography to determine the condition of the root canal before and after instrumentation (4mm, 3mm and 2mm from the root apex). Images were made using ICAT VISION software for both instrumented and non-instrumented canals. RESULTS The results were analyzed statistically using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test for quantitative variables. Comparisons were made with two groups (Mann-Whitney - abnormal) and with more than two groups (Kruskal Wallis - abnormal). The level of significance was set at p<0.05. A statistically significant difference was found for the measurement of 4 mm between the "ProTaper Universal" and "Twisted File" systems. For the Twisted File system, a statistically significant difference was recorded between the measurements of 4mm and 3 mm. CONCLUSION None of the assessed instruments was completely effective in terms of the biomechanical preparation of root canals since all created deviation from the original anatomy of the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Siqueira Lopes
- Department of Dental Prosthesis and Oral Facial Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Menezes Aguiar
- Department of Dental Prosthesis and Oral Facial Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Haridas H, Mohan A, Papisetti S, Ealla KKR. Computed tomography: Will the slices reveal the truth. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:S85-92. [PMID: 27652253 PMCID: PMC5022398 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.189734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advances in the field of imaging sciences, new methods have been developed in dental radiology. These include digital radiography, density analyzing methods, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and nuclear imaging techniques, which provide high-resolution detailed images of oral structures. The current review aims to critically elaborate the use of CBCT in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Haridas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PSM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Trichur, Kerala, India
| | - Abarajithan Mohan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Medak, Telangana, India
| | | | - Kranti K R Ealla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Medak, Telangana, India
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Paleker F, van der Vyver PJ. Comparison of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of K-files, ProGlider File, and G-Files: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study of Curved Root Canals. J Endod 2016; 42:1105-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ceyhanli KT, Erdilek N, Tatar İ, Celik D. Comparison of ProTaper, RaCe and Safesider instruments in the induction of dentinal microcracks: a micro-CT study. Int Endod J 2015; 49:684-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. T. Ceyhanli
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon Turkey
| | - N. Erdilek
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
| | - İ. Tatar
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - D. Celik
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon Turkey
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MOURA-NETTO C, PALO RM, PINTO LF, MELLO-MOURA ACV, DALTOÉ G, WILHELMSEN NSW. CT study of the performance of reciprocating and oscillatory motions in flattened root canal areas. Braz Oral Res 2014; 29:1-6. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Lee JK, Yoo YJ, Perinpanayagam H, Ha BH, Lim SM, Oh SR, Gu Y, Chang SW, Zhu Q, Kum KY. Three-dimensional modelling and concurrent measurements of root anatomy in mandibular first molar mesial roots using micro-computed tomography. Int Endod J 2014; 48:380-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Lee
- Private Practice; Beautiful Dental Clinic; Changwon Korea
| | - Y. J. Yoo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - H. Perinpanayagam
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry; University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
| | - B. H. Ha
- Department of Industrial Engineering; Pusan National University; Pusan Korea
| | - S. M. Lim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Jukjeon Dental Hospital; College of Dentistry; Dankook University; Jukjeon Korea
| | - S. R. Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. Gu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - S. W. Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Q. Zhu
- Division of Endodontology; Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences; School of Dental Medicine; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington CT USA
| | - K. Y. Kum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul Korea
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Cortes M, Arias Pecorari VG, Basting RT, Gomes França FM, Turssi CP, Botelho do Amaral FL. Effect of rotatory instrument speed on its capacity to remove demineralized and sound dentin. Eur J Dent 2014; 7:429-435. [PMID: 24932117 PMCID: PMC4053667 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.120676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of two rotatory instruments (controlled speed electric motor [CSEM] – 300 rpm; conventional slow handpiece [CSHP] – 18,000 rpm) to remove sound and demineralized dentin, by examining prepared cavity walls using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and assessing loss of mass. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 blocks of human occlusal dentin, measuring 5 mm × 5 mm × 4 mm (L × W × H), were divided into two groups according to the substrate type in which the cavity preparation was performed: D - demineralized dentin; and S - sound dentin (control group). The groups were subdivided according to the rotatory instrument used for cavity preparation (n = 10): CSEM (300 rpm); and CSHP (18,000 rpm). In half of the dentin blocks, caries lesion induction was performed for 6 weeks. The preparation of the cavities was performed on a standardizing machine, using a cylindrical tungsten carbide burr. Before and after the preparation, specimens were dehydrated in an incubator at 60°C for 30 min. The initial and final mass (in mg) of each dentin block was measured 3 times using the digital precision balance to obtain the mean weight Following cavity preparation, all specimens were hemisected and SEM was used to blindly assess each half so that the lateral walls of the prepared cavity were measured in μm, accepting the average of two measurements as the total depth of the preparation. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney analysis was performed with a 5% of significance level. Results: Regarding the weight difference (mg), no significance was detected between the groups. Regarding depth (μm), a significant difference was found between the groups, so that the CSRM showed lower cavity depth when compared with CSHP, both in sound and demineralized dentin. Conclusions: Controlled speed rotatory instruments were found to be more conservative in removing both sound and demineralized dentin, in terms of preparation and depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cortes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Pedroso Turssi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nagaveni SA, Balakoti KR, Smita K, Ratnakar P, Satish SV, Aravind T. Quantitative evaluation of apical extrusion of debris and irrigants using four rotary instrumentation systems: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:1065-9. [PMID: 24858752 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The apical extrusion of infected debris may have the potential to disrupt the balance between microbial aggression and host defense, resulting in incidents of acute inflammation. During preparation, irrigants and debris, such as bacteria, dentin filings and necrotic tissue may be extruded into the periradicular region leading to periapical inflammation and postoperative flare ups. Using an instrumentation technique that minimizes apical extrusion would be beneficial to both the practitioner and patient. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the weight of debris and volume of irrigant extruded apically from extracted teeth in vitro after endodontic instrumentation using four different rotary root canal instrumentation systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups of each 20 extracted mandibular premolars were instrumented using one of the four systems: ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)), Hero-shaper (MicroMega, Besancon, France), RaCe (FKG Dentaire, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) and K3 (SybronEndo, West Collins, CA). Debris and irrigant extruded from the apical foramen during instrumentation were collected in preweighed test tubes. Volume of irrigant extruded was noted. The containers were stored in incubator at 70° for two days to evaporate the moisture. Weight of dry debris was noted. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data was analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance of 0.001. RESULTS The results indicated that all of the instrumentation systems tested caused measurable apical extrusion of debris and irrigants. Higher extrusion was observed with Protaper system which was statistically significant with Hero-Shaper, RaCe and K3 systems. There were no statistical differences between Hero-shaper, K3 and RaCe systems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION All instrumentation techniques apically extruded debris and irrigant. However, Hero-shaper, K3 and RaCe systems produced less extruded debris and irrigant than the Protaper system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aspalli Nagaveni
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AME's Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Bijangere Road, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, India, e-mail:
| | - K Reddy Balakoti
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Karan Smita
- Reader, Department of Periodontics, Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - P Ratnakar
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| | - S V Satish
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - T Aravind
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Rama Dental College, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rao MSR, Shameem A, Nair R, Ghanta S, Thankachan RP, Issac JK. Comparison of the remaining dentin thickness in the root after hand and four rotary instrumentation techniques: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:712-7. [PMID: 24309353 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to compare the remaining dental thickness (RDT) in the mesiobuccal root of mandibular first molars at 3 and 7 mm from the anatomic apex after instrumentation with ProTaper, light speed LSX, K3 and M2 and to compare with that of K-files. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 60 extracted, untreated human mandibular first molars with fully formed apices, with curvature less than 35° and no root resorption were used. Prepared specimens were cut horizontally at 3 and 7 mm short of anatomic apex. The least dentin thickness from canal to external root surface was observed under 3× magnification and recorded using Clemax measuring tool and the sections were reassembled. Group I-instrumentation with ProTaper, group II-instrumentation with K3, group III-instrumentation with Light Speed LSX, group IV-instrumentation with M2 and group V- instrumentation with K-files and RDT was measured. RESULTS Results showed that group V removed lesser amount of dentin compared to all other groups while all the three instrumentation techniques removed almost equal amount of dentin apically. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cleaning and shaping of the root canal space involves the elimination of pathogenic contents as well as attaining a uniform specific shape. However, the RDT following the use of various intraradicular procedures is an important factor to be considered as an iatrogenic cause that may result in root fracture. To avoid this, newer rotary instruments are being introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Rama Rao
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Stavileci M, Hoxha V, Görduysus Ö, Tatar I, Laperre K, Hostens J, Küçükkaya S, Berisha M. Effects of preparation techniques on root canal shaping assessed by micro-computed tomography. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2013; 19:163-8. [PMID: 23760162 PMCID: PMC3692384 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.889350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Root canal shaping without any procedural error is of the utmost preference. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use micro-computed tomography to evaluate and compare the root canal shaping efficacy of ProTaper rotary files and standard stainless steel K-files. Material/Methods Sixty extracted upper second premolars were selected and were divided into 2 groups of 30. Before preparation, all samples were scanned by micro-CT. Then, 30 teeth were prepared with stainless steel files and the remaining 30 with ProTaper rotary files. Canal transportation and centering ability before and after root canal shaping were assessed using micro-CT. The amount and direction of canal transportation and the centering ratio of each instrument were determined in the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the canal. The 2 groups were statistically compared using one-way ANOVA. Results ProTaper rotary files gave less transportation (p<0.001) and better centering ability (p<0.00001) compared with stainless steel files. Conclusions The manual technique for preparation of root canals with stainless steel files produces more canal transportation, whereas rotary files remain more centered in the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Stavileci
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.
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Silva e Souza PAR, das Dores RSE, Tartari T, Pinheiro TPS, Tuji FM, Silva e Souza MH. Effects of sodium hypochlorite associated with EDTA and etidronate on apical root transportation. Int Endod J 2013; 47:20-5. [PMID: 23710836 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the influence of sodium hypochlorite associated with EDTA and etidronate on apical root transportation. METHODOLOGY Forty-five roots of human mandibular molars with curvatures of 15-25° were embedded in acrylic resin to allow standardized angulation of the initial and final radiographs. The pre-instrumentation radiographs of the mesiobuccal canal of each root were taken using a radiograph digital sensor with a size 15 K-file in the canal. The canals were prepared with the ProTaper Universal system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), using one of the following irrigation regimens during the instrumentation (n = 15): G1 - irrigation with 20 mL of saline solution (control); G2 - alternating irrigation with 2.5% hypochlorite solution (NaOCl) (15 mL); and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (5 mL). During instrumentation, the canal was filled with NaOCl and then between each exchange of instrument filled with EDTA for 1 min, and G3 - irrigation with 20 mL of 5% NaOCl and 18% etidronate solution (HEBP) mixed in equal parts. The postinstrumentation radiographs were made with a F3 instrument in the canal. The images were magnified and superposed with Adobe Photoshop software (Adobe Systems, Mountain View, CA, USA). Apical transportation was determined with AutoCAD 2012 software (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA) by measuring the distance in millimetres between the tips of the instruments. The results were subjected to the nonparametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis test (α < 0.05). RESULTS The median transportation and interquartile range values were 0.00 ± 0.05 for G1, 0.08 ± 0.23 for G2 and 0.13 ± 0.14 for G3. Comparison between groups showed that apical transportation in G3 was significantly greater than in G1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The use of NaOCl associated with etidronate increased apical transportation in the canals of extracted teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A R Silva e Souza
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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30
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Kakar S, Dhingra A, Sharma H. Shaping potential of manual NiTi K-File and rotary ProTaper and analyzing the final outcome of shaped canals using CT. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:451-455. [PMID: 24171988 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess and compare the shaping potential of manual NiTi K-files and Rotary ProTaper instruments in narrow canals using CT. OBJECTIVE To assess the shaping potential of manual NiTi K-files and Rotary ProTaper and analyzing the final outcome of shaped canals using CT and determining different variables, like • Working time • Change in volume • Change in cross-sectional area. MATERIALS AND METHODS From a pool of fifty freshly extracted permanent maxillary molars (1st and 2nd), 30 were selected with curvatures (20 to 40°) (Schneider 1971). Tissue fragments and calcified debries were removed from the teeth by scaling. The teeth were then stored in normal saline until used. All the mesiobuccal canals were scanned by CT to obtain preinstrumented images. Teeth were scaled and stored in normal saline. This study was divided in two groups with 15 samples each. GROUP I (PROTAPER ROTARY): Canals were instrumented with Protaper Rotary instruments using crown down technique according to manufacturer's instructions. GROUP II (NITI K-FILE): Were instrumented by NiTi K-files using step back technique with a quarter turn/pull motion. EVALUATIONS OF WORKING TIME: Comparative evaluations of working time was done for both the experimental groups. CT ANALYSIS AND MEASUREMENTS: The samples were analyzed and evaluated for: • Postinstrumentation change in volume. • Postinstrumentation change in cross-sections area. RESULT From the observations and statistical analysis carried out in this study, it was found that: There was a statistically significant difference between all the parameters judged for the present study that is: 1. Instrumentation with ProTaper Rotary system took significantly less time than instrumentation with manual NiTi K-file. 2. Change in the canal volume following instrumentation with ProTaper Rotary was significantly greater than that produced by manual NITi K-file. 3. a. Change in cross-section area at 2 and 3 mm from the apex was significantly greater with manual NiTi K-file as compared to ProTaper Rotary. b. Change in cross sections at 4.5, 6 and 7.5 mm from the apex with ProTaper Rotary was significantly greater than that produced by manual NITi K-file. CONCLUSION This clearly establishes that there is a drastic difference in the shaping ability of manual and Rotary NiTi instruments used with step back and crown down technique respectively with the rotary instrumentation being faster and producing greater changes in the canal anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Kakar
- Senior Resident, Department of Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
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31
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Machado MEL, Nabeshima CK, Leonardo MFP, Reis FAS, Britto MLB, Cai S. Influence of reciprocating single‐file and rotary instrumentation on bacterial reduction on infected root canals. Int Endod J 2013; 46:1083-7. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. L. Machado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - C. K. Nabeshima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M. F. P. Leonardo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - F. A. S. Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - S. Cai
- Derpartment of Microbiology Institute of Biological Science University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
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Al-Shahrani SM, Al-Sudani D, Almalik M, Gambarini G, Alrumaihi FA. Microcomputed tomographic analysis of the furcation grooves of maxillary first premolars. ANNALI DI STOMATOLOGIA 2013; 4:142-8. [PMID: 23741534 DOI: 10.11138/ads.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to conduct a morphometric analysis on the buccal furcation grooves in freshly extracted bifurcated maxillary first premolars (MFPs) and to correlate all anatomical measurements using microcomputed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three human MFPs with bifurcated canals were selected for this study. The specimens were analyzed with microcomputed tomography. The length, the beginning, and the ending of the grooves were measured. The minimum cross-sectional canal wall thickness in the grooves was located, and the width of the dentin thickness was calculated. All measurements were recorded and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The concavity of the grooves begins before the bifurcation site in 9/23 samples and after the bifurcation in 56.5% of samples. The groove length varied between 1.1-9 mm; the cross-sectional area with minimum palatal dentin thickness was 0.78±0.14 mm, which was located at a mean distance of 7.1 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and 1.38 mm from the furcation. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the furcation grooves in the palatal aspects of the buccal roots of the MFPs was 100%. The length, depth, location, and width of the dentin thickness of the grooves varied in relation to tooth length, bifurcation, and CEJ. These parameters should be taken into consideration before any endodontic or restorative procedures are performed. Reducing dentin width too vigorously by intracanal instrumentation can predispose to vertical root fractures or perforations; if a post cannot be avoided, it should not extend 6.5 mm from the CEJ.
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Comparative Study of 6 Rotary Nickel-Titanium Systems and Hand Instrumentation for Root Canal Preparation in Severely Curved Root Canals of Extracted Teeth. J Endod 2013; 39:278-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ceyhanli KT, Erdilek N, Tatar I, Cetintav B. Comparative micro-computed tomography evaluation of apical root canal transportation with the use of ProTaper, RaCe and Safesider systems in human teeth. AUST ENDOD J 2013; 40:12-6. [PMID: 24697959 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare apical centring ability of nickel titanium (NiTi) ProTaper, RaCe and mainly stainless steel Safesider systems using micro-computed tomography. Thirty freshly extracted mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals and separate foramina were used for the study. Mesial roots were embedded in acrylic resin and instrumented with the ProTaper, RaCe or Safesider systems. Root canal transportation and centring ability of the instruments were evaluated using superimposed micro-computed tomography images of the apical 4 mm of the roots taken at 1 mm intervals. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's tests were performed to compare apical transportations. Significant differences were observed between groups at the apical 1, 2 and 3 mm levels (P < 0.05). The reciprocating Safesider system transported root canals significantly more than the other two NiTi systems in the apical 1 mm level (P = 0.001) and more than RaCe system in the apical 2 mm level (P = 0.003). The ProTaper instruments caused more apical root canal transportation than did RaCe instruments at apical 3 mm (P = 0.045). NiTi instrumentation systems showed better centring ability than the mainly stainless steel Safesider system because of the flexible structure of the NiTi alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir T Ceyhanli
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Aydin C, Inan U, Gultekin M. Comparison of the shaping ability of Twisted Files with ProTaper and RevoS nickel-titanium instruments in simulated canals. J Dent Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Pasternak B, Sousa Neto MDD, Dionísio VC, Pécora JD, Silva RG. Analysis of kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic patterns during root canal preparation with rotary and manual instruments. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20:57-63. [PMID: 22437679 PMCID: PMC3928773 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study assessed the muscular activity during root canal preparation through
kinematics, kinetics, and electromyography (EMG). Material and Methods The operators prepared one canal with RaCe rotary instruments and another with
Flexo-files. The kinematics of the major joints was reconstructed using an
optoelectronic system and electromyographic responses of the flexor carpi
radialis, extensor carpi radialis, brachioradialis, biceps brachii, triceps
brachii, middle deltoid, and upper trapezius were recorded. The joint torques of
the shoulder, elbow and wrist were calculated using inverse dynamics. In the
kinematic analysis, angular movements of the wrist and elbow were classified as
low risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. With respect to the
shoulder, the classification was medium-risk. Results There was no significant difference revealed by the kinetic reports. The EMG
results showed that for the middle deltoid and upper trapezius the rotary
instrumentation elicited higher values. The flexor carpi radialis and extensor
carpi radialis, as well as the brachioradialis showed a higher value with the
manual method. Conclusion The muscular recruitment for accomplishment of articular movements for root canal
preparation with either the rotary or manual techniques is distinct. Nevertheless,
the rotary instrument presented less difficulty in the generation of the joint
torque in each articulation, thus, presenting a greater uniformity of joint
torques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio Pasternak
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Deepak BS, Subash TS, Narmatha VJ, Anamika T, Snehil TK, Nandini DB. Imaging techniques in endodontics: an overview. J Clin Imaging Sci 2012; 2:13. [PMID: 22530184 PMCID: PMC3328979 DOI: 10.4103/2156-7514.94227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the relevance of imaging techniques such as, computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, and ultrasound, to endodontic practice. Many limitations of the conventional radiographic techniques have been overcome by the newer methods. Advantages and disadvantages of various imaging techniques in endodontic practice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Deepak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Hartmann MSM, Fontanella VRC, Vanni JR, Fornari VJ, Barletta FB. CT evaluation of apical canal transportation associated with stainless steel hand files, oscillatory technique and pro taper rotary system. Braz Dent J 2011; 22:288-93. [PMID: 21861027 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402011000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used computed tomography (CT) to compare apical canal transportation in mesiobuccal canals of maxillary molars prepared with different techniques. Sixty teeth were assigned to 3 groups (n=20), according to the technique used for root canal instrumentation: hand instrumentation with K-Flexofiles, K-Flexofiles activated by an oscillatory system and ProTaper NiTi rotary system. Pre and post-instrumentation CT images were obtained 3 mm short of the apical foramen and were superimposed to compare canal transportation. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test using the SPSS software (α=0.05). In the buccal direction, the manual technique produced significantly less canal transportation than the oscillatory technique (p<0.05) and both were similar to the rotary technique (p>0.05). In the distal and distopalatal directions, the oscillatory technique produced more canal transportation (p<0.05). In the mesiopalatal direction, the oscillatory technique produced more canal transportation than the manual technique (p<0.05), and both were similar to the rotary technique (p>0.05). In conclusion, all techniques produced canal transportation, and the oscillatory technique produced the greatest removal of root dentin toward the innerside of the root curvature.
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Bürklein S, Hinschitza K, Dammaschke T, Schäfer E. Shaping ability and cleaning effectiveness of two single-file systems in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth: Reciproc and WaveOne versus Mtwo and ProTaper. Int Endod J 2011; 45:449-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01996.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Gutmann JL, Gao Y. Alteration in the inherent metallic and surface properties of nickel-titanium root canal instruments to enhance performance, durability and safety: a focused review. Int Endod J 2011; 45:113-28. [PMID: 21902705 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01957.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The expanded use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments in root canal procedures has led to the development of a wide variety of shapes, designs and applications. Root canal anatomy has not changed, however, and the same challenges exist in both initial treatment and the revision of unacceptable treatment. These challenges include application with high levels of achievement and low to no levels of adverse effects, such as instrument fracture, root canal wall ledging, dentine wall perforation and so forth. To that end, many manufacturers have been seeking ways to alter the presently available and wide range of root canal instrument designs, with a focus on altering the surface of the alloy or altering the alloy microstructure with post-machining or post-twisting heat treatment. This focused review will address the impact that these modifications have had on instrument flexibility, resistance to cyclic fatigue and cutting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gutmann
- Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Nagaraja S, Sreenivasa Murthy BV. CT evaluation of canal preparation using rotary and hand NI-TI instruments: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2011; 13:16-22. [PMID: 20582214 PMCID: PMC2883802 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.62636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Controlled, uniformly tapered radicular preparation is a great challenge in endodontics. Improper preparation can lead to procedural errors like transportation of foramen, uneven dentine thickness, stripping of root canal, formation of ledge, zip, and elbow in curved canals. These procedural errors and their sequel can adversely affect the prognosis of treatment. Aim/Objectives: The present in vitro study aims to evaluate canal preparation based on the following factors: canal transportation, remaining dentine thickness and comparing centering ability between hand Ni-Ti K files and ProTaper rotary Ni-Ti instruments using computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: For evaluation, 30 mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars were selected. Of these, 15 roots were distributed into two groups where Group 1 included hand instrumentation with Ni-Ti K-files; and Group 2 comprised ProTaper NiTi rotary system. Pre instrumentation and post instrumentation three-dimensional CT images were obtained from root cross-sections that were 1 mm thick from apex to the canal orifice; scanned images were then superimposed and compared. Result: It was observed that the manual technique using hand Ni-Ti K-file produced lesser canal transportation and maintained greater dentine thickness than the rotary ProTaper technique at middle and coronal third and this difference was statistically significant. No significant difference was seen with regard to canal transportation and remaining root dentine at apical levels. With regard to centering ratio, no significant difference was seen between both the groups at all levels. Conclusion: ProTaper should be used judiciously, especially in curved canals, as it causes higher canal transportation and thinning of root dentine at middle and coronal levels. None of the groups showed optimal centering ability.
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Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N, Porkodi I, Pradeep G. Canal-centering ability: An endodontic challenge. J Conserv Dent 2011; 12:3-9. [PMID: 20379433 PMCID: PMC2848810 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.53334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During instrumentation of the root canal, it is important to develop a continuously tapered form and to maintain the original shape and position of the apical foramen. However, the presence of curvatures may cause difficulty in root canal instrumentation. The ability to keep the instruments centered is essential to provide a correct enlargement, without excessive weakening of the root structure. Several studies have shown that Ni-Ti instruments remain significantly more centered and demonstrated less canal transportation than stainless steel files. Considerable research has been undertaken to understand the several factors related to an instrument's canal-centering ability. In this article, we have discussed the influence of various parameters such as alloys used in the manufacture of instruments, instrument cross-section, taper, and have given tips on canal-centering ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivanayagam Kandaswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Porur, Chennai - 600 116, India
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Bürklein S, Hiller C, Huda M, Schäfer E. Shaping ability and cleaning effectiveness of Mtwo versus coated and uncoated EasyShape instruments in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. Int Endod J 2011; 44:447-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01850.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Tasdemir T, Er K, Çelik D, Aydemir H. An in vitro comparison of apically extruded debris using three rotary nickel-titanium instruments. J Dent Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1991-7902(10)60017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Aguiar CM, Mendes DDA, Câmara AC, Figueiredo APD. Assessment of canal walls after biomechanical preparation of root canals instrumented with Protaper Universal rotary system. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:590-5. [PMID: 20027432 PMCID: PMC4327519 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the instrumented walls of root canals prepared with the ProTaper Universal™ rotary system. Material and Methods: Twenty mesiobuccal canals of human first mandibular molars were divided into 2 groups of 10 specimens each and embedded in a muffle system. The root canals were transversely sectioned 3 mm short of the apex before preparation and remounted in their molds. All root canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal™ rotary system or with Nitiflex™ files. The pre and postoperative images of the apical thirds viewed with a stereoscopic magnifier (×45) were captured digitally for further analysis. Data were analyzed statistically by Fisher's exact test and Chi-square test at 5% significance level. Results: The differences observed between the instrumented and the noninstrumented walls were not statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The Nitiflex™ files and the ProTaper Universal™ rotary system failed to instrument all the root canal walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Menezes Aguiar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral and Facial Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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da Silva KT, Grazziotin-Soares R, Limongi O, Irala LED, Salles AA. Wear promoted in the apical third of simulated canals after instrumentation with ProTaper universal system. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:501-7. [PMID: 19936533 PMCID: PMC4327681 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the wear in the apical third of simulate canals after preparation with ProTaper Universal Rotary System. MATERIAL AND METHODS 24 sets of instruments were used in 24 simulated canals in transparent epoxy resin blocks with degree of curvature of either 20 degrees or 40 degrees. The canals were photographed preoperatively and after preparation of the apical stop with ProTaper F3, F4 and F5 instruments. The initial and final images were exported to Adobe Photoshop software and superimposed to detect the root canal wall differences (in mm) between them, in two points located 1 (A) and 5 (B) mm from the point where the working length was established. Data were subjected to analysis of variance to verify the existence of interaction among the factors: canal curvature, instrument size and curve location. Significant level was set at 5%. RESULTS Regardless of the location and the canal curvature, F4 and F5 instruments produced the greatest wear (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a deviation from the original pathway towards the outside of the root curvature in both analyzed points. All instruments produced canal transportation, but the F4 and F5 instruments produced more than the other instruments, and should thus be used with care in curved canals.
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Taşdemir T, Er K, Yildirim T, Buruk K, Celik D, Cora S, Tahan E, Tuncel B, Serper A. Comparison of the sealing ability of three filling techniques in canals shaped with two different rotary systems: a bacterial leakage study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:e129-34. [PMID: 19716483 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the sealing ability of 3 current filling techniques in root canals shaped with 2 different rotary systems. STUDY DESIGN Eighty human extracted mandibular premolars were divided randomly into 2 similar groups of 40 each and instrumented with either ProTaper (Dentsply Maillefer, Tulsa, OK; group A) or Mtwo (VDW; Antaeos, Munich, Germany; group B) rotary systems. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups (n = 10) and 2 control groups (n = 5). Canals were filled either with the tapered single-cone technique (SC; subgroups A1 and B1), with lateral condensation (LC; subgroups A2 and B2), or warm vertical compaction (WVC; subgroups A3 and B3). AH Plus was used as a root canal sealer in all groups. Samples were sterilized in an ethylene oxide sterilizer for 12 hours. The apical 3-4 mm of the roots were immersed in brain-heart infusion culture medium with phenol red indicator within culture chambers. The coronal access of each specimen was inoculated every 48 hours with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis. Bacterial leakage was monitored every 24 hours for 8 weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using a chi-squared test, and P was set at .05. RESULTS In group A, 70% of the specimens filled with SC (subgroup A1), 50% of the specimens filled with LC (subgroup A2), and 20% of the specimens filled with WVC (subgroup A3) leaked. There was no statistically significant difference between the subgroups (P > .05). In group B, bacterial leakage was observed in 50% of SC samples (subgroup B1), 40% of LC samples (subgroup B2), and 50% of WVC samples (subgroup B3). There was no statistically significant difference between subgroups B1, B2, and B3 (P > .05). There was also no statistically significant difference between group A and group B (P > .05). CONCLUSION Filling with SC, LC, and WVC techniques in canals treated with ProTaper or Mtwo rotary instruments showed similar levels of sealing efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Taşdemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Aguiar CM, de Andrade Mendes D, Câmara AC, de Figueiredo JAP. Evaluation of the centreing ability of the ProTaper Universal⢠rotary system in curved roots in comparison to Nitiflex⢠files. AUST ENDOD J 2009; 35:174-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2009.00168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Influence of the NiTi rotary system on the debridement quality of the root canal space. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:e71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2009] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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50
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Pasternak-Júnior B, Sousa-Neto MD, Silva RG. Canal transportation and centring ability of RaCe rotary instruments. Int Endod J 2009; 42:499-506. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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