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Rosa SJ, Duarte MAH, Silva EJNL, Oliveira MCGD, Titato PCG, Vasconcelos BCD, Vivan RR, Alcalde MP. Does the Mixing Method of AH Plus Jet Affect its Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties? J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00358-3. [PMID: 38901643 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the mixing method of AH Plus Jet sealer affects its physicochemical and mechanical properties. METHODS The properties of AH Plus Jet sealer were analyzed when mixed using either the Auto Mix Tip or manual mixing. The evaluated properties included radiopacity (n = 5), initial and final setting times (n = 5), flow (n = 5), and solubility (n = 3), following specifications outlined in ISO 6876/2012 and ADA Nº 57/2000. pH levels were measured at intervals of 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours (n = 10). The push-out bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine and using bovine teeth (n = 30). Failure modes were analyzed with stereomicroscopy. Porosity was evaluated under micro-CT (n = 5), and scanning electron microscopy was also performed (n = 5). One-way analysis of variance and Tukey, unpaired t-tests, or Mann-Whitney tests were used with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The Auto Mix exhibited a radiopacity value of 12.11 mmAl, whereas manual mixing resulted in 12.55 mmAl (P > .05). For initial and final setting times, Auto Mix showed 901 minutes and 1779 minutes, respectively, while manual mixing recorded values of 631 minutes and 1504 minutes (P < .05). In terms of flow, Auto Mix demonstrated higher values (25.26 mm) than manual mixing (21.71 mm) (P < .05). No statistical differences were observed between the two methods for solubility and pH (P > .05). Manual mixing presented a higher bond strength value (14.52 MPa) than Auto Mix (9.81 MPa) (P < .05). The mixed failure mode was the most frequent outcome for both methods. The highest porosity was observed for Auto Mix (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that manual mixing resulted in a smoother surface with fewer pores and smaller, more evenly distributed agglomerates compared to automatic mixing. CONCLUSION The mixing method employed for AH Plus Jet sealer influences some physicochemical and mechanical properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Jovedi Rosa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Carolina Guiotti de Oliveira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Pedro Cesar Gomes Titato
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Murilo Priori Alcalde
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil.
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Vinola SM, Mahalaxmi S. Characterisation and evaluation of physical properties of AH-Plus sealer with and without the incorporation of petasin, pachymic acid, curcumin and shilajit-an invitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:352. [PMID: 38504287 PMCID: PMC10949824 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AH Plus, an epoxy resin-based sealer, is widely used in endodontic practice, owing to its good physical properties that confers longstanding dimensional stability and good adhesion to dentin. Nevertheless, its propensity to trigger inflammation, especially in its freshly mixed state, has been extensively documented. Phytochemicals such as Petasin, Pachymic acid, Curcumin, and Shilajit are known for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. This study aimed to analyze and determine the effect of these natural products on the physical properties of AH Plus sealer when incorporated with the sealer. METHODS AH Plus (AHR) sealer was mixed with 10% petasin, 0.75% pachymic, 0.5% and 6%shilajit to obtain AHP, AHA, AHC and AHS in the ratio of 10:1 and 5:1 respectively. Five samples of each material were assessed for setting time, solubility, flow, and dimensional stability in accordance with the ISO 6876:2012 standardization. Sealers were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Statistical evaluation involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilks tests for normality and the one-way ANOVA test for analysis. RESULTS In this investigation, the characterisation analysis revealed a relatively similar microstructure in all the experimental root canal sealers. All experimental groups, excluding the control group, exhibited an increase in flow ranging from 11.9 to 31.4% at a 10:1 ratio. Similarly, for the 5:1 ratio, the increase ranged from 12.02 to 31.83%. In terms of dimensional stability, all groups at the 10:1 ratio showed a decrease compared to the control group. The addition of natural agents to AHR in 10:1 ratio led to a reduction in setting time by 8.9-31.6%, and at a 5:1 ratio, the reduction ranged from 8.1 to 31.5%. However, regarding solubility, the addition of natural agents did not induce any significant alterations. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that all tested root canal sealers exhibited properties that met the acceptable criteria outlined in the ISO 6876:2012 standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvanathan Mj Vinola
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600089, India
| | - Sekar Mahalaxmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600089, India.
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Frasquetti KS, Piasecki L, Kowalczuck A, Carneiro E, Westphalen VPD, Neto UXDS. Effect of Different Root Canal Drying Protocols on the Bond Strength of Two Bioceramic Sealers. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1229-1234. [PMID: 36535659 PMCID: PMC10756819 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated in vitro the effect of two different drying protocols on the dentin bond strength of two different bioceramic sealers (Sealer Plus BC [SP] and Bio C Sealer [BCS]). Bond strength and failure mode were evaluated according to the sealer, drying protocol, and root canal third. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolars were selected after anatomical standardization. The crowns were sectioned and root canals were prepared. Roots were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15 each). Each group was assigned a combination of one of the evaluated sealers (SP or BCS) and one of the drying protocols: canals dried with paper points (PP) or irrigation with saline followed by aspiration with silicon cannulas (IA). Obturations were performed using a single-cone technique. The teeth were temporized and stored for 7 days (100% humidity, 37°C). Roots were cut to obtain 2 mm thick discs for each third (coronal, middle, and apical). Push-out tests were performed on a universal testing machine, and the bond strength (MPa) of each specimen was calculated by dividing the load (N) by the interface area. Failure type was assessed under ×4 magnification. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were statistically analyzed with a significance set at 5%. An analysis of variance test followed by the Games-Howell post-hoc test was used to compare the mean values between the groups and the interaction of the variables. RESULTS The predominant failure type was cohesive, followed by mixed failure and adhesive in all groups. The apical third presented the highest bond strength (p < 0.05) regardless of the group, followed by the middle and coronal thirds. Overall, the SP PP group had the highest mean bond strength (p < 0.01), but the SP sealer was negatively affected by the IA drying protocol in the coronal and middle thirds. The BCS presented similar results within the third stage, regardless of the drying protocol. CONCLUSIONS Sealer Plus BC had a higher bond strength than Bio C Sealer, but it was negatively affected by the irrigation-aspiration protocol in the coronal and middle thirds. For the apical third, there was no difference between the groups; thus, a similar bond strength was observed regardless of the drying protocol or sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Santos Frasquetti
- Postgraduate Program in Endodontics, School of Health and Biosciences of PUCPR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucila Piasecki
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States
| | - Alexandre Kowalczuck
- Postgraduate Program in Endodontics, School of Health and Biosciences of PUCPR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Everdan Carneiro
- Postgraduate Program in Endodontics, School of Health and Biosciences of PUCPR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Kandemir Demirci G, Çöven FO, Güneri P, Karavana SY, Nalbantsoy A, Köse T, Kaval ME. The solubility, pH value, chemical structure, radiopacity, and cytotoxicity of four different root canal sealers: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5413-5425. [PMID: 37486382 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate solubility, pH value, chemical structure, radiopacity, and cytotoxicity of AH Plus BC, TotalFill BC, AH Plus, and AH Plus Jet sealers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity analysis with direct and extraction tests at 3 different concentrations (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 v/v%) and time (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) on Saos-2, PdLF, and THP-1 cell lines, chemical structure with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, solubility, pH, and radiopacity values of AH Plus BC, TotalFill BC, AH Plus, and AH Plus Jet were evaluated. For statistical analyses of the groups, repeated measures, factorial, and one-way ANOVA tests were used. The statistical significance level was set at p < .05. RESULTS Resin-based sealers showed higher cytotoxicity values than the bioceramic-based sealers (p < 0.05). Time and concentrations were effective on the cell viabilities for cell lines. Higher peaks of calcium were detected bioceramic-based sealers and higher amount of zirconium was detected in AH Plus BC (p < 0.05). AH Plus BC showed similar radiopacity value with AH Plus, AH Plus Jet, whereas TotalFill BC showed the lowest radiopacity (p < 0.05). Bioceramic-based sealers had higher pH values in all experiment periods, and the difference between resin- and bioceramic-based sealer groups was significant (p < 0.05). However, the solubility values of the tested root canal sealers revealed no differences (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The newly produced AH Plus BC Sealer showed similar properties with TotalFill BC, and their biological properties were better than AH Plus and AH Plus Jet. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AH Plus BC could be a possible alternative to other bioceramic- or resin-based sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Furkan Ozan Çöven
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Güneri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sinem Yaprak Karavana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nalbantsoy
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Timur Köse
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Kaval
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey
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Çakir A. Effect of cleaning materials on microtensile bond strength of resin composite to primary dentin contaminated with root canal sealers. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:396. [PMID: 37328843 PMCID: PMC10273635 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been no studies on the bond strength of adhesives with dentin surfaces contaminated with root canal sealers in primary teeth without underlying permanent teeth germs. This study investigated the cleaning materials used for primary tooth dentin contaminated with root canal sealers. The aim was to increase the success rate of root canal treatment in pedodontics clinics and retain the teeth for longer. METHODS The occlusal enamel layer was removed, followed by the application of root canal sealers (AH Plus or MTA Fillapex) to the dentin and cleaning using different irrigation solutions (saline, NaOCl, and ethanol). The specimens were restored using a self-etch adhesive and composite. Sticks with a thickness of approximately 1 mm were obtained from each sample, and the bond strengths were measured using a microtensile testing device. The interfacial morphology of the bonded space was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The control and AH Plus saline groups had the highest bond strengths. The groups cleaned using ethanol had the lowest bond strengths (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Cleaning the dentin with saline-soaked cotton pellets provided the best bond strengths. Therefore, saline is the most effective material for removing both epoxy resin- and calcium silicate-based root canal sealers from the access cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asu Çakir
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Dentistry, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, Karaman, Türkiye.
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Tartari T, Wichnieski C, Silva RM, Letra A, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Final irrigation protocols can be used to promote stable long-term bond strength of AH Plus to dentin. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230005. [PMID: 37255081 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Irrigation solutions might affect dentin surface characteristics and, consequently, endodontic sealers adhesion. This study analyzed the effect of different final irrigation protocols on push-out bond strength (BS) of AH Plus to dentin seven days and 20 months after obturation. Scanning electron micrographs were obtained from the dentin surface of one sample/group after final irrigation. Canals of bovine incisors were instrumented and received final irrigation with (n=21): G1 - 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + distilled water; G2 - 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; G3 - 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl; G4 - 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G5 - mixture 5% NaOCl + 18% etidronate (HEDP); and G6 - mixture 5% NaOCl + 10% tetrasodium EDTA (Na4EDTA). After irrigation, one root/group was split and images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The other 20 roots/group were filled with only AH Plus sealer. Three slices/root were used for push-out assessment seven days and 20 months after obturation. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey (α<0.05) were used to compare the results among experimental groups, and unpaired t-test (α<0.05) was used to compare the results of the same group over time. The photomicrographs showed that, excepting G1, all groups completely removed the smear layer from the samples. In G2 and G4, the opening of the dentin tubules enlarged. In G3, erosion was observed in the peritubular and intertubular dentin. Values of the BS in the seven days were G2=G3=G4=G5>G6=G1 and in the 20 months were G3=G5>G6=G4>G1=G2. G3, G5, and G6 presented values of BS in 20 months similar to the values of seven days (P>0.05). The final irrigation protocols tested produced dentin surfaces with different characteristics. Only G3 and G5 presented high BS values that were stable over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Tartari
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística Operatória, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Caroline Wichnieski
- Faculdade Herrero, Curso de Odontologia, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Departamento de Endodontia, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Renato Menezes Silva
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Endodontics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Endodontics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística Operatória, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Clovis Monteiro Bramante
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística Operatória, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
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Chemical-Physical Properties and Bioactivity of New Premixed Calcium Silicate-Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213914. [PMID: 36430393 PMCID: PMC9692705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical−physical properties and bioactivity (apatite-forming ability) of three recently introduced premixed bioceramic root canal sealers containing varied amounts of different calcium silicates (CaSi): a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (1−10% and 20−30%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide and tricalcium aluminate (CERASEAL); a tricalcium silicate (5−15%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide and lithium carbonate (AH PLUS BIOCERAMIC) and a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (10% and 25%)-containing sealer with calcium aluminate, tricalcium aluminate and tantalite (NEOSEALER FLO). An epoxy resin-based sealer (AH PLUS) was used as control. The initial and final setting times, radiopacity, flowability, film thickness, open pore volume, water absorption, solubility, calcium release and alkalizing activity were tested. The nucleation of calcium phosphates and/or apatite after 28 days aging in Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) was evaluated by ESEM-EDX, vibrational IR and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The analyses showed for NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus the longest final setting times (1344 ± 60 and 1300 ± 60 min, respectively), while shorter times for AH Plus Bioceramic and Ceraseal (660 ± 60 and 720 ± 60 min, respectively). Radiopacity, flowability and film thickness complied with ISO 6876/12 for all tested materials. A significantly higher open pore volume was observed for NeoSealer Flo, AH Plus Bioceramic and Ceraseal when compared to AH Plus (p < 0.05), significantly higher values were observed for NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus Bioceramic (p < 0.05). Ceraseal and AH Plus revealed the lowest solubility. All CaSi-containing sealers released calcium and alkalized the soaking water. After 28 days immersion in HBSS, ESEM-EDX analyses revealed the formation of a mineral layer that covered the surface of all bioceramic sealers, with a lower detection of radiopacifiers (Zirconium for Ceraseal and AH Plus Bioceramic, Tantalum for NeoSealer Flo) and an increase in calcium, phosphorous and carbon. The calcium phosphate (CaP) layer was more evident on NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus Bioceramic. IR and micro-Raman revealed the formation of calcium carbonate on the surface of all set materials. A thin layer of a CaP phase was detected only on AH Plus Bioceramic and NeoSealer Flo. Ceraseal did not show CaP deposit despite its highest calcium release among all the tested CaSi-containing sealers. In conclusion, CaSi-containing sealers met the required chemical and physical standards and released biologically relevant ions. Slight/limited apatite nucleation was observed in relation to the high carbonation processes.
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Dželetović B, Milanović I, Antonijević Đ, Badnjar J, Petrov Z, Antić S, Ležaja-Zebić M. Radiopacity of premixed and two-component Calcium silicate-based Root Canal sealers. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/bjdm2203161d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Radiopacity enables radiographic visualization, which is significant in diagnostic procedures and assessment of the quality of endodontic filling. It is important to compare newly developed endodontic sealers with materials that are already in clinical use in order to promote evidence-based dentistry. The aim of our study was to evaluate radiopacity of different calcium silicate-based sealers in comparison with control, epoxy resin-based sealer. The null hypothesis was that there were no statistically significant differences in radiopacity of the tested sealers. Material and Methods: Premixed (TotalFill BC Sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer, Ceraseal, Bio-C Sealer), two-component (BioRoot RCS, MTA Fillapex, Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer, GuttaFlow Bioseal) calcium silicate-based sealers and AH Plus, as a control, were used. Specimens were radiographed using a Radiovisiography (RVG-4) CCD (charge-coupled devices)-based digital sensor. Results: Ceraseal had the highest, while Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer had the lowest radiopacity. Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer and MTA Fillapex had radiopacity significantly lower than all other sealers. Radiopacity level of AH Plus, was similar to premixed and significantly higher than radiopacities of all two-component endodontic sealers. Conclusions: Calcium silicate-based sealers radiopacity ranged from slightly above minimal required value (3mm), to a value higher than control sealer. Premixed endodontic sealers showed similar radiopacity as AH Plus which suggests that their clinical performance, in terms of visibility on dental radiograms, should be similar
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Pedrinha VF, Alencar CDM, Jassé FFDA, Zaniboni JF, Dantas AAR, de Andrade FB, Kuga MC. Effect of the several epoxy resin-based sealer compositions on adhesion interface in radicular dentin after calcium hydroxide intracanal medication removal. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e913-e919. [PMID: 34603620 PMCID: PMC8464395 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the effects of several epoxy resin-based sealer compositions (AHP, AH Plus; ADS, Adseal; SPL, Sealer Plus) on bond strength and intratubular dentin penetration of the endodontic obturation, in root canal previously treated with calcium hydroxide intracanal medication (CH) and removed by continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI). Material and Methods Forty-five maxillary canines were prepared up to F5 (ProTaper system), filled with CH, coronally sealed, and stored at 37ºC. After 1 week, CH was removed using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite energized by CUI. The specimens were randomly distributed in three groups (n=15) and root canal obturated, according to epoxy-based resin sealer composition (AHP, ADS or SPL). The roots were transversally sectioned in cervical, middle, and apical thirds. In each radicular third, push out bond strength using universal machine and intratubular dentin using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and Image J Program were evaluated. Bond strength and intratubular dentin penetration were statistically evaluated by ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests and Kruskal Wallis test, respectively (α = 0.05). Results In middle and apical thirds, AHP showed higher bond strength values (p<0.05), and ADS and SPL were similar each other (p>0.05). All epoxy resin-based sealers presented similar intratubular dentin penetration, independently of the radicular thirds (p>0.05). Cohesive and mixed failures were predominant in the cervical thirds. In the middle and apical thirds, AHP showed more cohesive type failures, while ADS and SPL showed more adhesive-type failures. Conclusions AHP has the highest bond strength in middle and apical radicular thirds, after calcium hydroxide intracanal medication removal using continuous ultrasonic irrigation, although intratubular dentin infiltration being similar among epoxy resin-based sealer with several chemical composition. Key words:Continuous ultrasonic irrigation, endodontic sealers, epoxy resin-based sealers, root canal obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor-Feliz Pedrinha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane-de Melo Alencar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Joissi-Ferrari Zaniboni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa-Abi-Rached Dantas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Flaviana-Bombarda de Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton-Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Carvalho NK, Barbosa AFA, Coelho BDP, Gonçalves LDS, Sassone LM, Silva EJNL. Antibacterial, biological, and physicochemical properties of root canal sealers containing chlorhexidine-hexametaphosphate nanoparticles. Dent Mater 2021; 37:863-874. [PMID: 33648745 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of chlorhexidine-hexametaphosphate nanoparticles (CHX-HMP NPs) on antibacterial, cytotoxic and physicochemical properties of AH Plus (AH), MTA Fillapex (MTA) and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS). METHODS The NPs were synthesized and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The incorporation was made by weight, 2% and 5% of NPs. The antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, flow, radiopacity, setting time, solubility and pH were evaluated. The statistical analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance test and Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05). RESULTS SEM analysis showed the tendency for CHX-HMP NPs to cluster, the effective mean diameter measured by DLS: 169.39 nm and the zeta potential: -10.18 mV. The NPs were individually measured by AFM: 22.99-52.75 nm. EDS analysis identified the presence of C, N, O, Na, P, Cl. After incorporation: The Direct Contact Test showed an increase in the antimicrobial action of AH, PCS and MTA; the sealers showed a decrease in flow and at 24 h of immersion also an increase in solubility, but did not affect the radiopacity of the samples; AH setting time increased and MTA did not reach setting under any of the conditions tested. All samples showed a decrease in pH value as the immersion time progressed. SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of NPs can improve the antimicrobial performance of endodontic sealers without impairing other biological and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Kudsy Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Paula Coelho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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11
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de Freitas JV, Ebert J, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Tomazinho FSF, Sousa-Neto MDD, Lohbauer U, Baratto-Filho F. Temperature changes affect the rheological properties of a silicone-based and an epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. AUST ENDOD J 2020; 46:394-399. [PMID: 32725846 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate temperature changes on the rheological properties (setting time and complex viscosity (η*)) of GuttaFlow Bioseal (GFB) and AH Plus Jet (AHPJ). Rheological measurements were performed in oscillating mode at the strain amplitude and angular frequency of 0.01% and 10 rad s-1 , respectively. Each sealer (n = 5) was tested running a temperature ramp (rapid increase to 80°C, 1 min constantly at 80°C, and slower decrease to 37°C). Control groups (n = 5) were tested at a constant temperature of 37°C. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05) statistical tests were performed. The temperature ramp reduced setting time of GFB (24.85 to 4.45 min) (P < 0.05), but did not alter that of AHPJ (P > 0.05). GFB exhibited an increased η*, whereas the AHPJ η* was decreased when heated (P < 0.05). Rheological properties of sealers were negatively affected by temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Ebert
- Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Lohbauer
- Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univille, Joinville, Brazil
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12
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Silva EJ, Hecksher F, Vieira VT, Vivan RR, Duarte MA, Brasil SC, Antunes HS. Cytotoxicity, antibacterial and physicochemical properties of a new epoxy resin-based endodontic sealer containing calcium hydroxide. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e533-e539. [PMID: 32665811 PMCID: PMC7335608 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, antibacterial and physicochemical properties of a new epoxy resin-based endodontic sealer containing calcium-hydroxide Sealer Plus. AH Plus was used as a reference for comparison.
Material and Methods Cytotoxicity evaluation was performed according to ISO-10993-5 specifications using MTT assay to check the 3T3 cells viability at 1- to 4-week periods. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using a direct contact test against Enterococcus faecalis. Radiopacity, solubility and flow evaluations were performed according to ISO-6876/2012 specifications. Setting time was assessed following the ANSI/ADA-standard-n.57. The pH level was measured at 3,24,48,72, and 168 hours. Data were statistically analyzed using t-test. The significance level adopted was P<0.05.
Results AH Plus and Sealer Plus showed cytotoxic effects after 24 hours and 1 week of manipulation and become noncytotoxic after 2 weeks. No differences were observed in the cytotoxicity of both tested sealers (P>0.05). Direct contact results revealed that both freshly prepared sealers has antibacterial effects against Enterococcus faecalis. However, after 7 days both sealers had lost much of their antibacterial effects. Although AH Plus presented higher radiopacity and flow than Sealer Plus (P<0.05), both sealers showed minimum required values. No differences were observed in the solubility of both sealers (P>0.05). AH Plus showed a higher setting time when compared to Sealer Plus (P<0.05). AH Plus and Sealer Plus showed a neutral pH during all tested periods (P<0.05).
Conclusions It can be concluded that Sealer Plus showed suitable properties to be used as an endodontic sealer, comparable with those obtained by AH Plus. Key words:Cytotoxicity, root canal filling materials, root canal obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Hecksher
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Victor T Vieira
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Vivan
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo University, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco A Duarte
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo University, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Sabrina C Brasil
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Henrique S Antunes
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
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Comparative Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties and Apical Sealing Ability of a Resin Sealer Modified with Pachymic Acid. Eur Endod J 2020; 5:23-27. [PMID: 32342034 PMCID: PMC7183805 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2019.68442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The addition of pachymic acid (PA) to AH Plus (an epoxy resin sealer) offsets the cytotoxicity of the latter. Prior to the clinical implementation of this formulation, a thorough knowledge of its physicochemical properties and sealing ability becomes mandatory. Hence, this in vitro study aimed to characterize and evaluate the physicochemical properties and apical sealing ability of AH Plus (AHP) with and without the addition of PA. Methods: Flow, setting time, film thickness, solubility and radiopacity of AHP (group 1) and AHP modified with PA (AHP/PA, group 2) were evaluated in accordance with the guidelines put forth by ISO 6876:2012. The percentage was determined under each parameter. Apical sealing ability was assessed using fluid filtration device. An independent samples t-test was used for inter- and intra-group comparisons of mean fluid flow (MFF). Results: Incorporating PA to AHP decreased its flow, setting time and film thickness by 24.34%, 2.14% and 31.71% respectively. The solubility of group 2 increased on day 1 by 85.71% and decreased on days 3, 7 and 14 by 46.67%, 34.79% and 13.8% respectively. The radiopacity of AHP was not altered by the addition of PA. MFF rates of group 2 was significantly higher than group 1 on day 1, but not significantly different on day 7. Conclusion: AHP/PA exhibited physicochemical properties that were within the requirements of ISO and with time, and showed fluid flow similar to AHP.
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14
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Graunaite I, Lodiene G, Arandarcikaite O, Pukalskas A, Machiulskiene V. Leachables and cytotoxicity of root canal sealers. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:381-387. [PMID: 30101818 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to detect leaching components from an epoxy resin- and a methacrylate-based endodontic sealer and correlate them to cytotoxicity induced by material extracts for up to 36 weeks. We qualitatively determined the substances released by aged AH Plus and RealSeal SE specimens at seven intervals between 0 and 36 weeks. Quantification was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). We determined the viability of murine macrophage J774 cells after 24 h exposure to material extracts, at each interval, using a fluorescence staining/microscopy method. The leachables detected were 1-adamantylamine and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether from AH Plus and N-(p-tolyl) diethanolamine and caprolactone-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl ester from RealSeal SE. The largest UPLC/MS chromatogram peak areas of the leachables were detected within 72 h. Induction of cytotoxicity after exposure to AH Plus and RealSeal SE extracts coincided with leachant detected within the first 72 and 24 h, respectively. The clinical impact of the cytotoxicity due to resin-based endodontic sealers is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indre Graunaite
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
| | - Greta Lodiene
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
| | - Odeta Arandarcikaite
- Institute of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
| | - Audrius Pukalskas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technologies
| | - Vita Machiulskiene
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
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15
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Vertuan GC, Duarte MAH, Moraes IGD, Piazza B, Vasconcelos BDC, Alcalde MP, Vivan RR. Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of a New Root Canal Sealer. J Endod 2018; 44:501-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Siboni F, Taddei P, Zamparini F, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. Properties of BioRoot RCS, a tricalcium silicate endodontic sealer modified with povidone and polycarboxylate. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e120-e136. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Siboni
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - P. Taddei
- Unit of Biochemistry; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - F. Zamparini
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- Endodontic Clinical Section; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - C. Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. G. Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Kim HR, Kim YK, Kwon TY. Post space preparation timing of root canals sealed with AH Plus sealer. Restor Dent Endod 2017; 42:27-33. [PMID: 28194361 PMCID: PMC5299752 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the optimal timing for post space preparation of root canals sealed with epoxy resin-based AH Plus sealer in terms of its polymerization and influence on apical leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The epoxy polymerization of AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey) as a function of time after mixing (8, 24, and 72 hours, and 1 week) was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microhardness measurements. The change in the glass transition temperature (Tg ) of the material with time was also investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Fifty extracted human single-rooted premolars were filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus, and randomly separated into five groups (n = 10) based on post space preparation timing (immediately after root canal obturation and 8, 24, and 72 hours, and 1 week after root canal obturation). The extent of apical leakage (mm) of the five groups was compared using a dye leakage test. Each dataset was statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Continuous epoxy polymerization of the material with time was observed. Although the Tg values of the material gradually increased with time, the specimens presented no clear Tg value at 1 week after mixing. When the post space was prepared 1 week after root canal obturation, the leakage was significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05), among which there was no significant difference in leakage. CONCLUSIONS Poor apical seal was detected when post space preparation was delayed until 1 week after root canal obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ri Kim
- Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Kyung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae-Yub Kwon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Institute for Biomaterials Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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18
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De-Deus G, Scelza MZ, Neelakantan P, Sharma S, Neves ADA, Silva EJNL. Three-dimensional Quantitative Porosity Characterization of Syringe- versus Hand-mixed Set Epoxy Resin Root Canal Sealer. Braz Dent J 2015; 26:607-11. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the porosity characteristics of AH Plus Jet(tm) syringe-mix and the conventional hand-mixed AH Plus root canal sealers by three-dimensional quantitative high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Seven test specimens were prepared from each tested sealer by a single operator following the manufacturer's instructions and poured into pre-lubricated plastic split-ring moulds. Set sealer test specimens were scanned using a micro-CT device and the shadow images were reconstructed into cross-sectional slices. The evaluated parameters were (i) total pore count, (ii) total pore volume and mean pore volume, (iii) total porosity (% of pore volume in relation to total sealer volume) and (iv) mean pore distance to the sealer lateral external surface. In both groups, most pores were localized within the external sealer perimeter (0.05 mm from the external surface). Hand-mixed AH Plus specimens showed statistically significant higher mean total pore count, total pore volume and total porosity (p=0.001) than the syringe-mixed specimens. However, mean pore sizes in AH Plus syringe-mixed specimens were significantly higher (p=0.046) than the AH Plus hand-mixed counterparts. Hand-mixed AH Plus was associated with higher total mean pore count, volume and total porosity compared to syringe mixed AH Plus.
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19
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Deniz Sungur D, Moinzadeh AT, Wesselink PR, Çalt Tarhan S, Özok AR. Sealing efficacy of a single-cone root filling after post space preparation. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:1071-7. [PMID: 26411973 PMCID: PMC4873541 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to compare the sealing efficacy of root fillings made by a single-cone technique with three different sealers and a cold lateral compaction technique with an epoxy sealer. Materials and methods Eighty extracted single-rooted human teeth were assigned to four experimental groups: group 1, single-cone and epoxy sealer; group 2, single-cone and calcium silicate-based sealer; group 3, single-cone and methacrylate resin-based sealer; and group 4, cold lateral compaction and epoxy sealer. Twenty extra teeth served as negative and positive controls. After preparation of a coronal post space, the sealing efficacy of the root fillings was assessed on a fluid transport setup. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Results No fluid transport was detected for the negative controls whereas all the positive controls showed rapid fluid transport. No significant difference was detected between groups 1, 3, and 4 whereas group 2 demonstrated significantly more fluid transport than all the other experimental groups. Conclusions Root fillings made by a single-cone technique with the epoxy or methacrylate-based sealers were as effective after post space preparation as those made by a cold lateral technique with the epoxy sealer in sealing the root canal. Clinical Relevance Specific root canal sealers in combination with single-cone technique represent a noteworthy alternative to the use of cold lateral compaction technique when a post space is required. The use of effective endodontic procedures with simplified technical implementation may positively affect endodontic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Deniz Sungur
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Endodonti AD. 4. Kat, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A-T Moinzadeh
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P R Wesselink
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Çalt Tarhan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Endodonti AD. 4. Kat, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A R Özok
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Weckwerth PH, Lima FLDS, Greatti VR, Duarte MAH, Vivan RR. Effects of the association of antifungal drugs on the antimicrobial action of endodontic sealers. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100269. [PMID: 26083088 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to determine the susceptibility of oral specimens and ATCC lineages of Candida albicans for five endodontic sealers, which were pure and associated with two antifungal drugs, and to analyze their effect on the physical properties. For this purpose, 30 lineages of C. albicans, collected from the oral cavity of patients assisted at the endodontics clinic of the Universidade Sagrado Coração, were analyzed. Yeasts susceptibility to the sealers was tested by diffusion on agar plates. Physical properties were evaluated according to the ADA specification no. 57. The pure versions of the Sealer 26, AH Plus, Endofill, Fillapex, and Sealapex demonstrated antifungal activity, with Endofill presenting the greatest inhibition zones. All cements, except for Endofill, had their antifungal actions enhanced by addition of ketoconazole and fluconazole (p < 0.05), and the AH Plus presented the best antifungal activity. The addition of antifungal drugs did not interfere with the setting time and flowability of the sealers. It was concluded that the addition of antifungals to endodontic sealers enhanced the antimicrobial action of most cements tested without altering their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Raquel Greatti
- Pro-Rectory of Research and Post Graduation, Universidade Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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21
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de Souza MO, Branco Leitune VC, Bohn PV, Werner Samuel SM, Collares FM. Physical-mechanical properties of Bis-EMA based root canal sealer with different fillers addition. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:227-31. [PMID: 26069410 PMCID: PMC4450530 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.157259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate influence of three different filler particles on an experimental Bisphenol A ethoxylated dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA) based root filling material. Materials and Methods: Resin-based endodontic sealers were produced using Bis-EMA, camphorquinone, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB), N, N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine (DHEPT), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and benzoyl peroxide. The experimental groups were formulated adding 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of calcium tungstate (CaWO4), ytterbium trifluoride(YbF3), and tantalum oxide(Ta2O5). Flow, thickness, and radiopacity tests were conducted in accordance with ISO 6876. Sorption and solubility (SL) tests were conducted in accordance with ISO 4049, pH was measured with a pH meter, and degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For radiopacity, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison test was performed. For DC analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test was performed. All statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: All groups showed lower flow with increased filler concentration. All groups showed film thickness values lower than 50μm, as ISO recommends, except CaWO450% group (76.7μm). pH values varied from 5.95 (± 0.07) in YbF340% group to 6.90 (± 0.07) in Ta2O540% group. In the radiopacity test, YbF330%, Ta2O540%, and Ta2O550% groups showed no statistical significant difference to 3mmAl. Ta2O5 and YbF3 groups in 10, 20, and 30% concentrations presented sorption and SL values as ISOrecommendation. Addition ofTa2O5 and CaWO4 decreased DC after 14 days. YbF3 addition showed no difference in DC from control group. Conclusion: YbF3 filler addition promoted higher properties compared to CaWO4 and Ta2O5 on Bis-EMA based root canal sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Veit Bohn
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Susana Maria Werner Samuel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
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22
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Chang SW, Lee YK, Zhu Q, Shon WJ, Lee WC, Kum KY, Baek SH, Lee IB, Lim BS, Bae KS. Comparison of the rheological properties of four root canal sealers. Int J Oral Sci 2015; 7:56-61. [PMID: 25059248 PMCID: PMC4817532 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2014.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowability of a root canal sealer is clinically important because it improves the penetration of the sealer into the complex root canal system. The purpose of this study was to compare the flowabilities of four root canal sealers, measured using the simple press method (ISO 6876), and their viscosities, measured using a strain-controlled rheometer. A newly developed, calcium phosphate-based root canal sealer (Capseal) and three commercial root canal sealers (AH Plus, Sealapex and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT) were used in this study. The flowabilities of the four root canal sealers were measured using the simple press method (n=5) and their viscosities were measured using a strain-controlled rheometer (n=5). The correlation between these two values was statistically analysed using Spearman's correlation test. The flow diameters and the viscosities of the root canal sealers were strongly negatively correlated (ρ=−0.8618). The viscosity of Pulp Canal Sealer EWT was the lowest and increased in the following order: AH Plus<Sealapex<Capseal (P<0.05). All of the tested root canal sealers showed characteristic time- and temperature-dependent changes in their rheological properties. The viscosities measured using the strain-controlled rheometer were more precise than the flowabilities measured using the simple press method, suggesting that the rheometer can accurately measure the rheological properties of root canal sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Woo Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Lee
- National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Won Jun Shon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Yeon Kum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Bog Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Soon Lim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Shik Bae
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Malka VB, Hochscheidt GL, Larentis NL, Grecca FS, Fontanella VRC, Kopper PMP. A new in vitro method to evaluate radio-opacity of endodontic sealers. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015; 44:20140422. [PMID: 25651275 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20140422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate a new method for assessing the radio-opacity of endodontic sealers and to compare radio-opacity values with a well-established standard method. METHODS The sealers evaluated in this study were AH Plus(®) (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), Endo CPM Sealer (EGEO SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina) and MTA Fillapex(®) (Angelus Dental Products Industry S/A, Londrina, Parana, Brazil). Two methods were used to evaluate radio-opacity: (D) standard discs and (S) a tissue simulator. For (D), ten standard discs were prepared for each sealer and were radiographed using Digora(®) phosphor storage plates (Soredex; Orion Corporation, Helsinki, Finland), alongside an aluminium stepwedge. For (S), polyethylene tubes filled with sealer (n = 10 for each) were radiographed inside the simulator as described. The digital images were analysed using Adobe Photoshop(®) software v. 10.0 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA). To compare the radio-opacity among the sealers, the data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's test, and to compare methods, they were analysed by the Mann-Whitney U test. To compare the data obtained from dentin and sealers in method (S), Student's paired t-test was used (=0.05). RESULTS In both methods, the sealers showed significant differences, according to the following decreasing order: AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and Endo CPM. In (D), MTA Fillapex and Endo CPM showed less radio-opacity than aluminium. For all of the materials, the radio-opacity was higher in (S) than in (D). Compared with dentin, all of the materials were more radio-opaque. CONCLUSIONS The comparison of the two assessment methods for sealer radio-opacity testing validated the use of a tissue simulator block.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Malka
- 1 Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Amoroso-Silva PA, Guimarães BM, Marciano MA, Duarte MAH, Cavenago BC, Ordinola-Zapata R, De Almeida MM, De Moraes IG. Microscopic analysis of the quality of obturation and physical properties of MTAFillapex. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 77:1031-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Andrés Amoroso-Silva
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruno Martini Guimarães
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marina AngéLica Marciano
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcela Milanezi De Almeida
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivaldo Gomes De Moraes
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru - São Paulo Brazil
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Physicochemical properties and surfaces morphologies evaluation of MTA FillApex and AH plus. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:589732. [PMID: 24883413 PMCID: PMC4032737 DOI: 10.1155/2014/589732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The solubility, pH, electrical conductivity, and radiopacity of AH Plus and MTA FillApex were evaluated. In addition, the surfaces morphologies of the sealers were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy. For pH test, the samples were immersed in distilled water at different periods of time. The same solution was used for electrical conductivity measurement. The solubility and radiopacity were evaluated according to ANSI/ADA. Statistical analyses were carried out at 5% level of significance. MTA FillApex presented higher mean value for solubility and electrical conductivity. No significant difference was observed in the mean values for pH reading. AH Plus presented higher radiopacity mean values. MTA FillApex presented an external surface with porosities and a wide range of sizes. In conclusion, the materials fulfill the ANSI/ADA requirements when considering the radiopacity and solubility. AH Plus revealed a compact and homogeneous surface with more regular aspects and equal particle sizes.
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Ruiz-Linares M, Bailón-Sánchez ME, Baca P, Valderrama M, Ferrer-Luque CM. Physical Properties of AH Plus with Chlorhexidine and Cetrimide. J Endod 2013; 39:1611-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Barros J, Silva MG, Rodrigues MA, Alves FRF, Lopes MA, Pina-Vaz I, Siqueira JF. Antibacterial, physicochemical and mechanical properties of endodontic sealers containing quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles. Int Endod J 2013; 47:725-34. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Barros
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dental Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - M. G. Silva
- Institute of Microbiology Prof. Paulo de Góes; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; RJ Brazil
| | - M. A. Rodrigues
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - F. R. F. Alves
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - M. A. Lopes
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - I. Pina-Vaz
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dental Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - J. F. Siqueira
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
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Viapiana R, Flumignan DL, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Camilleri J, Tanomaru-Filho M. Physicochemical and mechanical properties of zirconium oxide and niobium oxide modified Portland cement-based experimental endodontic sealers. Int Endod J 2013; 47:437-48. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - D. L. Flumignan
- São Paulo Federal Institute of Education; Science and Technology - IFSP; Matão SP Brazil
| | - J. M. Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - J. Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Surgery; University of Malta; Msida Malta
| | - M. Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
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Vitti RP, Prati C, Silva EJNL, Sinhoreti MAC, Zanchi CH, de Souza e Silva MG, Ogliari FA, Piva E, Gandolfi MG. Physical properties of MTA Fillapex sealer. J Endod 2013; 39:915-8. [PMID: 23791263 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare several physicochemical properties including working and setting times, flow, solubility, and water absorption of a recent calcium silicate-based sealer (MTA Fillapex; Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) and an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus; Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany). METHODS The materials were handled following the manufacturer's instructions. The working time and flow were tested according to ISO 6876:2001 and the setting time according to American Society for Testing and Materials C266. For solubility and water absorption tests, the materials were placed into polyvinyl chloride molds (8 × 1.6 mm). The samples (n = 10 for each material and test) were placed in a cylindrical polystyrene-sealed container with 20 mL deionized water at 37°C. At 1, 7, 14, and 28 days, the samples were removed from the solutions and blotted dry for solubility and water absorption tests. The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance with the Tukey test (P < .05). RESULTS MTA Fillapex showed the lowest values of flow, working and setting times, solubility, and water absorption (P < .05). The solubility and water absorption increased significantly over time for both materials in a 1- to 28-day period (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS MTA Fillapex showed suitable physical properties to be used as an endodontic sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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