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Howarth N, Scanes E, Byrne M, Ross PM. Ocean warming and Marine Heatwaves unequally impact juvenile introduced and native oysters with implications for their coexistence and future distribution. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20688. [PMID: 39237565 PMCID: PMC11377425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is causing ocean warming (OW) and increasing the frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme weather events, including Marine Heat Waves (MHWs). Both OW and MHWs pose a significant threat to marine ecosystems and marine organisms, including oysters, oyster reefs and farmed oysters. We investigated the survival and growth of juveniles of two commercial species of oyster, the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, and the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to elevated seawater temperatures reflecting a moderate and an extreme MHW in context with recent MHWs and beyond. The survival and size of Pacific oysters to moderate MHWs (22-32 °C; 14 days) was greater than that for Sydney rock oysters (24-32 °C; 15 days). While survival and growth of both species was significantly impacted by extreme MHWs (29-38 °C; 5-6 days), Sydney rock oysters were found to survive greater temperatures compared to the Pacific oyster. Overall, this study found that Pacific oyster juveniles were more tolerant of a moderate MHW, while Sydney rock oyster juveniles were more resilient to extreme MHWs. These differences in thermal tolerance may have consequences for aquaculture and coexistence of both species in their intertidal and latitudinal distributions along the south-eastern Australian coastline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nate Howarth
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Elliot Scanes
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Pauline M Ross
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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2
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Wolfe ML, Bowers-Doerning CM, Espinosa A, Frantz T, Hoese WJ, Lam JG, Lamp KR, Lyons RA, Nguyen JK, Keyes BD, Smith J, Suther HL, Swintek M, Vannordstrand JC, Zacherl DC. Intra-decadal increase in globally-spread Magallana gigas in southern California estuaries. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302935. [PMID: 38717978 PMCID: PMC11078413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and establishment of non-indigenous species (NIS) has been accelerated on a global scale by climate change. NIS Magallana gigas' (formerly Crassostrea gigas') global spread over the past several decades has been linked to warming waters, specifically during summer months, raising the specter of more spread due to predicted warming. We tracked changes in density and size distribution of M. gigas in two southern California, USA bays over the decade spanning 2010-2020 using randomly placed quadrats across multiple intertidal habitats (e.g., cobble, seawalls, riprap) and documented density increases by 2.2 to 32.8 times at 7 of the 8 sites surveyed across the two bays. These increases in density were coincident with 2-4° C increases in median monthly seawater temperature during summer months, consistent with global spread of M. gigas elsewhere. Size frequency distribution data, with all size classes represented across sites, suggest now-regular recruitment of M. gigas. Our data provide a baseline against which to compare future changes in density and abundance of a globally-spread NIS of significant concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah L. Wolfe
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Chelsea M. Bowers-Doerning
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Anabell Espinosa
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Ty Frantz
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - William J. Hoese
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Joann G. Lam
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Kailee R. Lamp
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Rachael A. Lyons
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Justin K. Nguyen
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Bryce D. Keyes
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Jada Smith
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Holly L. Suther
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
- College of the Environment, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States America
| | - Meaghan Swintek
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Juliann C. Vannordstrand
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
| | - Danielle C. Zacherl
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States America
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3
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Samara F, Bejarano I, Mateos-Molina D, Abouleish M, Solovieva N, Yaghmour F, Ali T, Saburova M. Environmental assessment of oyster beds in the northern Arabian Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115442. [PMID: 37660665 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The United Arab of Emirates (UAE) hosts valuable coastal and marine biodiversity, and oysters are one of the habitants of its marine ecosystem. Oysters play an essential role in the nearshore coasts where they work as an active filter. They filter nutrients, phytoplankton, sediments, heavy metals, and toxins out of the water, which improves the water quality. This is the first study that characterizes oyster bed habitats in the UAE by analyzing water quality parameters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)and heavy metals in water, sediments and oyster samples collected from five locations along the coasts of Sharjah, Ajman, and Umm al Quwain. Oyster bed areas supported a diverse assemblage of benthic life including oysters, scallops, pen shells, hard corals, and macroalgae. Mobile species in these habitats included groupers, emperors, snappers, sea snakes, among others. The phytoplankton assemblages were dominated by diatoms, dinoflagellates, and small cryptophytes. Harmful diatom Pseudonitzschia was found in all locations. No detectable concentrations of PAHs and OCPs were reported in this study, and water quality parameters were within the acceptable levels for the region. On the other hand, water quality index was reported marginal, mostly due to the presence of higher than acceptable concentrations of chromium and mercury in all sites studied. Bioconcentration factors concluded that oysters were able to bioconcentrate metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and zinc, when compared to water. No detectable concentrations of lead and mercury were reported in oysters, suggesting higher depuration rates for those metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Samara
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ivonne Bejarano
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daniel Mateos-Molina
- College of Marine Sciences and Aquatic Biology, University of Khorfakkan, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Emirates Nature - World Wide Fund for Nature (Emirates Nature-WWF), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Abouleish
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadia Solovieva
- General Studies Division, Higher Colleges of Technology, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Geography, ECRC, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Fadi Yaghmour
- Hefaiyah Mountain Conservation Centre (Scientific Research Department), Environment and Protected Areas Authority, Kalba, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarig Ali
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria Saburova
- Environment and Life Sciences Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Slamiya, Kuwait
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4
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Martin PR, Ghalambor CK. A Case for the "Competitive Exclusion-Tolerance Rule" as a General Cause of Species Turnover along Environmental Gradients. Am Nat 2023; 202:1-17. [PMID: 37384767 DOI: 10.1086/724683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
AbstractClosely related, ecologically similar species often segregate their distributions along environmental gradients of time, space, and resources, but previous research suggests diverse underlying causes. Here, we review reciprocal removal studies in nature that experimentally test the role of interactions among species in determining their turnover along environmental gradients. We find consistent evidence for asymmetric exclusion coupled with differences in environmental tolerance causing the segregation of species pairs, where a dominant species excludes a subordinate from benign regions of the gradient but is unable to tolerate challenging regions to which the subordinate species is adapted. Subordinate species were consistently smaller and performed better in regions of the gradient typically occupied by the dominant species compared with their native distribution. These results extend previous ideas contrasting competitive ability with adaptation to abiotic stress to include a broader diversity of species interactions (intraguild predation, reproductive interference) and environmental gradients, including gradients of biotic challenge. Collectively, these findings suggest that adaptation to environmental challenge compromises performance in antagonistic interactions with ecologically similar species. The consistency of this pattern across diverse organisms, environments, and biomes suggests generalizable processes structuring the segregation of ecologically similar species along disparate environmental gradients, a phenomenon that we propose should be named the competitive exclusion-tolerance rule.
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Scanes E, Siboni N, Rees B, Seymour JR. Acclimation in intertidal animals reduces potential pathogen load and increases survival following a heatwave. iScience 2023; 26:106813. [PMID: 37213223 PMCID: PMC10199257 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Intertidal animals can experience intense heat during a heatwave, leading to mortality. The causes of death for intertidal animals following heatwaves have often been attributed to a breakdown in physiological processes. This, however, contrasts with research in other animals where heatwave mortality is attributed to existing or opportunistic diseases. We acclimated intertidal oysters to four treatment levels, including an antibiotic treatment, and then exposed all treatments to a 50°C heatwave for 2 h, replicating what can be experienced on Australian shorelines. We found that both acclimation and antibiotics increased survival and reduced the presence of potential pathogens. Non-acclimated oysters had a significant shift in their microbiome, with increasing abundances of bacteria from the Vibrio genera, including known potential pathogens. Our results demonstrate that bacterial infection plays a pivotal role in post-heatwave mortality. We anticipate these findings to inform the management of aquaculture and intertidal habitats as climate change intensifies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Scanes
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
- Corresponding author
| | - Nachshon Siboni
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Brendon Rees
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Justin R. Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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6
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Schaefer N, Sedano F, Bishop MJ, Dunn K, Haeusler MH, Yu KD, Zavoleas Y, Dafforn KA. Facilitation of non-indigenous ascidian by marine eco-engineering interventions at an urban site. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:80-93. [PMID: 36912169 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2186785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Marine artificial structures often support lower native species diversity and more non-indigenous species (NIS), but adding complex habitat and using bioreceptive materials have the potential to mitigate these impacts. Here, the interacting effects of structural complexity (flat, complex with pits) and concrete mixture (standard, or with oyster shell or vermiculite aggregate) on recruitment were assessed at two intertidal levels at an urban site. Complex tiles had less green algal cover, oyster shell mixtures had less brown (Ralfsia sp.) algal cover. At a low tidal elevation, the non-indigenous ascidian Styela plicata dominated complex tiles. Additionally, mixtures with oyster shell supported higher total cover of sessile species, and a higher cover of S. plicata. There were no effects of complexity or mixture on biofilm communities and native and NIS richness. Overall, these results suggest that habitat complexity and some bioreceptive materials may facilitate colonisation by a dominant invertebrate invader on artificial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schaefer
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francisco Sedano
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, España
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Dunn
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Hank Haeusler
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Daniel Yu
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yannis Zavoleas
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Architecture, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katherine A Dafforn
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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7
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Bento R, Jabado RW, Sawaf M, Bejarano I, Samara F, Yaghmour F, Mateos-Molina D. Oyster beds in the United Arab Emirates: Important fishing grounds in need of protection. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:113992. [PMID: 35939931 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is scarce information on the current importance of oyster beds as fishing grounds in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to understand the socio-economic value of oyster bed fisheries through questionnaire-based surveys with fishers. Of 106 Emirati fishers interviewed, 67 % use oyster beds due to the proximity to shore, better catch quality, and species abundance. Oyster bed fisheries are recreational and commercial, with handline and fish traps the most common used gears. They provide food for local consumption and cash income. All respondents noticed a fish abundance and size decrease throughout the last decade. Fishers suggest establishing marine protected areas and updating fishing regulations to improve fishing stock status. During the Covid-19 pandemic, oyster fisheries increased, highlighting the value of these fishing grounds for food availability. These fisheries support the local economy and heritage, and urgently need management to ensure the protection of these often-overlooked habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bento
- Emirates Nature - WWF, P.O. Box 23304, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rima W Jabado
- Elasmo Project, P.O. Box 29588, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moaz Sawaf
- Emirates Nature - WWF, P.O. Box 23304, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ivonne Bejarano
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatin Samara
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fadi Yaghmour
- Hefaiyah Mountain Conservation Centre (Scientific Research Department), Environment and Protected Areas Authority, Kalba, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daniel Mateos-Molina
- Emirates Nature - WWF, P.O. Box 23304, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Depto. Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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8
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Bishop MJ, Vozzo ML, Mayer-Pinto M, Dafforn KA. Complexity-biodiversity relationships on marine urban structures: reintroducing habitat heterogeneity through eco-engineering. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210393. [PMID: 35757880 PMCID: PMC9234820 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanization is leading to biodiversity loss through habitat homogenization. The smooth, featureless surfaces of many marine urban structures support ecological communities, often of lower biodiversity, distinct from the complex natural habitats they replace. Eco-engineering (design for ecological co-benefits) seeks to enhance biodiversity and ecological functions on urban structures. We assessed the benefits to biodiversity of retrofitting four types of complex habitat panels to an intertidal seawall at patch (versus flat control panels) and site (versus unmodified control seawalls and reference rocky shores) scales. Two years after installation, patch-scale effects of complex panels on biodiversity ranged from neutral to positive, depending on the protective features they provided, though all but one design (honeycomb) supported unique species. Water-retaining features (rockpools) and crevices, which provided moisture retention and cooling, increased biodiversity and supported algae and invertebrates otherwise absent. At the site scale, biodiversity benefits ranged from neutral at the high- and mid-intertidal to positive at the low-intertidal elevation. The results highlight the importance of matching eco-engineering interventions to the niche of target species, and environmental conditions. While species richness was greatest on rockpool and crevice panels, the unique species supported by other panel designs highlights that to maximize biodiversity, habitat heterogeneity is essential. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological complexity and the biosphere: the next 30 years'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J. Bishop
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Maria L. Vozzo
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
| | - Mariana Mayer-Pinto
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Katherine A. Dafforn
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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9
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Leong RC, Bugnot AB, Marzinelli EM, Figueira WF, Erickson KR, Poore AGB, Gribben PE. Variation in the density and body size of a threatened foundation species across multi‐spatial scales. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rick C. Leong
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Ana B. Bugnot
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science 19 Chowder Bay Road Mosman New South Wales 2088 Australia
| | - Ezequiel M. Marzinelli
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science 19 Chowder Bay Road Mosman New South Wales 2088 Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Will F. Figueira
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science 19 Chowder Bay Road Mosman New South Wales 2088 Australia
| | - Katherine R. Erickson
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Alistair G. B. Poore
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney Kensington New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science 19 Chowder Bay Road Mosman New South Wales 2088 Australia
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10
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Esquivel‐Muelbert JR, Lanham BS, Martínez‐Baena F, Dafforn KA, Gribben PE, Bishop MJ. Spatial variation in the biotic and abiotic filters of oyster recruitment: Implications for restoration. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brendan S. Lanham
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Francisco Martínez‐Baena
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
- The Nature Conservancy Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Katherine A. Dafforn
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Melanie J. Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
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11
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Gibbs MC, Parker LM, Scanes E, Byrne M, O'Connor WA, Ross PM. Energetic lipid responses of larval oysters to ocean acidification. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112441. [PMID: 33991985 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will increase energetic demands on marine invertebrate larvae and make planktonic food more unpredictable. This study determined the impact of ocean acidification on larval energetics of the oysters Saccostrea glomerata and Crassostrea gigas. Larvae of both oysters were reared until the 9-day-old, umbonate stage under orthogonal combinations of ambient and elevated p CO 2 (340 and 856 μatm) and food was limited. Elevated p CO 2 reduced the survival, size and larval energetics, larvae of C. gigas being more resilient than S. glomerata. When larvae were fed, elevated p CO 2 reduced lipid levels across all lipid classes. When larvae were unfed elevated p CO 2 resulted in increased lipid levels and mortality. Ocean acidification and food will interact to limit larval energetics. Larvae of S. glomerata will be more impacted than C. gigas and this is of concern given their aquacultural status and ecological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell C Gibbs
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Laura M Parker
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The University of New South Wales, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Elliot Scanes
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Wayne A O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, New South Wales 2316, Australia
| | - Pauline M Ross
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia.
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12
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Acclimation potential and biochemical response of four temperate macroalgae to light and future seasonal temperature scenarios. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Vozzo ML, Mayer-Pinto M, Bishop MJ, Cumbo VR, Bugnot AB, Dafforn KA, Johnston EL, Steinberg PD, Strain EMA. Making seawalls multifunctional: The positive effects of seeded bivalves and habitat structure on species diversity and filtration rates. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 165:105243. [PMID: 33476978 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The marine environment is being increasingly modified by the construction of artificial structures, the impacts of which may be mitigated through eco-engineering. To date, eco-engineering has predominantly aimed to increase biodiversity, but enhancing other ecological functions is arguably of equal importance for artificial structures. Here, we manipulated complexity through habitat structure (flat, and 2.5 cm, 5 cm deep vertical and 5 cm deep horizontal crevices) and seeding with the native oyster (Saccostrea glomerata, unseeded and seeded) on concrete tiles (0.25 m × 0.25 m) affixed to seawalls to investigate whether complexity (both orientation and depth of crevices) influences particle removal rates by suspension feeders and colonisation by different functional groups, and whether there are any ecological trade-offs between these functions. After 12 months, complex seeded tiles generally supported a greater abundance of suspension feeding taxa and had higher particle removal rates than flat tiles or unseeded tiles. The richness and diversity of taxa also increased with complexity. The effect of seeding was, however, generally weaker on tiles with complex habitat structure. However, the orientation of habitat complexity and the depth of the crevices did not influence particle removal rates or colonising taxa. Colonisation by non-native taxa was low compared to total taxa richness. We did not detect negative ecological trade-offs between increased particle removal rates and diversity and abundance of key functional groups. Our results suggest that the addition of complexity to marine artificial structures could potentially be used to enhance both biodiversity and particle removal rates. Consequently, complexity should be incorporated into future eco-engineering projects to provide a range of ecological functions in urbanised estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vozzo
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.
| | - M Mayer-Pinto
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
| | - M J Bishop
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - V R Cumbo
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - A B Bugnot
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - K A Dafforn
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - E L Johnston
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - P D Steinberg
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - E M A Strain
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
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14
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Firth LB, Duff L, Gribben PE, Knights AM. Do positive interactions between marine invaders increase likelihood of invasion into natural and artificial habitats? OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise B. Firth
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
| | - Lois Duff
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Science, Univ. of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman New South Wales Australia
| | - Antony M. Knights
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth Plymouth UK
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15
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Different refuge types dampen exotic invasion and enhance diversity at the whole ecosystem scale in a heterogeneous river system. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Yamada T, Koizumi I, Urabe H, Nakamura F. Temperature-Dependent Swimming Performance Differs by Species: Implications for Condition-Specific Competition between Stream Salmonids. Zoolog Sci 2020; 37:429-433. [PMID: 32972083 DOI: 10.2108/zs190149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Condition-specific competition is a phenomenon by which inter-specific competitive dominance changes as a result of environment, and is an important factor determining species distribution. Congeneric charrs in Hokkaido, Japan, provide one of the best examples of condition-specific competition: Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, often dominate in cold streams (6-8°C), whereas white-spotted charr, Salvelinus leucomaenis, dominate in warmer streams (> 10°C). While past laboratory and field experiments have demonstrated the great advantage of white-spotted charr at higher water temperatures, the advantages of Dolly Varden at lower temperature have not always been clear. Here, we examined the effect of water temperature (6°C vs. 12°C) on the swimming ability of the two sympatric charrs using a stamina tunnel. At 6°C, the swimming ability of Dolly Varden was greater than that of white-spotted charr, but no difference was observed at 12°C. These results suggest that the temperature-mediated swimming ability differs between these species, which may explain the coexistence of the closely related species within heterogeneous habitats via condition-specific competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihei Yamada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan, .,Higashitaisetsu Museum, Kamishihoro, Hokkaido 080-1403, Japan
| | - Itsuro Koizumi
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Urabe
- Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Eniwa, Hokkaido 061-1433, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakamura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
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17
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Vozzo ML, Cumbo VR, Crosswell JR, Bishop MJ. Wave energy alters biodiversity by shaping intraspecific traits of a habitat‐forming species. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Vozzo
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Vivian R. Cumbo
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
| | | | - Melanie J. Bishop
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman NSW 2088 Australia
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18
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Scanes E, Parker LM, O'Connor WA, Dove MC, Ross PM. Heatwaves alter survival of the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111389. [PMID: 32568086 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heatwaves are an increasing threat to organisms across the globe. Marine and atmospheric heatwaves are predicted to impact sessile intertidal marine organisms, especially when exposed at low tide and unable to seek refuge. The study aimed to determine whether a simulated atmospheric heatwave will alter the survival of selectively bred families of Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata), and whether survival is dependent on morphological and physiological traits. The survival of S. glomerata families to a simulated atmospheric heatwave varied from 25 to 60% and was not correlated with morphology or physiology. Survival may depend on the presence of genotypes that translate into molecular defenses such as heat-shock proteins and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins that provide oysters with resilience. Understanding the responses among families of oysters to heatwaves is critical if we are to restore the ecological services of oyster reefs and sustain oyster aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Scanes
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman 2088, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Laura M Parker
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; The University of New South Wales, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Wayne A O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, New South Wales 2316, Australia
| | - Michael C Dove
- New South Wales Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, New South Wales 2316, Australia
| | - Pauline M Ross
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman 2088, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Gribben PE, Bishop MJ, O’Connor WA, Bradley DJ, Hughes AR. Intraspecific diversity in prey body size influences survivorship by conferring resistance to predation. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science 19 Chowder Bay Road Mosman New South Wales 2088 Australia
| | - Melanie J. Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales 2109 Australia
| | - Wayne A. O’Connor
- NSW Department of Primary Industries Nelson Bay New South Wales 2315 Australia
| | - Daniel J. Bradley
- School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney New South Wales 2007 Australia
| | - A. Randall Hughes
- Northeastern University Marine Science Centre 430 Nahant Raod Nahant Massachusetts 01908 USA
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20
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McAfee D, McLeod IM, Boström‐Einarsson L, Gillies CL. The value and opportunity of restoring Australia's lost rock oyster reefs. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic McAfee
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Ian M. McLeod
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research)James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Lisa Boström‐Einarsson
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research)James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Chris L. Gillies
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research)James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
- The Nature Conservancy Australia Carlton Victoria Australia
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21
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Anton A, Geraldi NR, Lovelock CE, Apostolaki ET, Bennett S, Cebrian J, Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N, Martinetto P, Pandolfi JM, Santana-Garcon J, Duarte CM. Global ecological impacts of marine exotic species. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:787-800. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Powell D, Subramanian S, Suwansa-Ard S, Zhao M, O'Connor W, Raftos D, Elizur A. The genome of the oyster Saccostrea offers insight into the environmental resilience of bivalves. DNA Res 2019; 25:655-665. [PMID: 30295708 PMCID: PMC6289776 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsy032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oysters are keystone species in estuarine ecosystems and are of substantial economic value to fisheries and aquaculture worldwide. Contending with disease and environmental stress are considerable challenges to oyster culture. Here we report a draft genome of the Sydney Rock Oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, an iconic and commercially important species of edible oyster in Australia known for its enhanced resilience to harsh environmental conditions. This is the second reference genome to be reported from the family Ostreidae enabling a genus-level study of lophotrochozoan genome evolution. Our analysis of the 784-megabase S. glomerata genome shows extensive expansions of gene families associated with immunological non-self-recognition. Transcriptomic analysis revealed highly tissue-specific patterns of expression among these genes, suggesting a complex assortment of immune receptors provide this oyster with a unique capacity to recognize invading microbes. Several gene families involved in stress response are notably expanded in Saccostrea compared with other oysters, and likely key to this species’ adaptations for improved survival higher in the intertidal zone. The Sydney Rock Oyster genome provides a valuable resource for future research in molluscan biology, evolution and environmental resilience. Its close relatedness to Crassostrea will further comparative studies, advancing the means for improved oyster agriculture and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Powell
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
| | - Sankar Subramanian
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
| | - Saowaros Suwansa-Ard
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
| | - Min Zhao
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
| | - Wayne O'Connor
- NSW Department of Industry, Department of Primary Industries, DPI Fisheries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW, Australia
| | - David Raftos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
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23
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Lemasson AJ, Hall-Spencer JM, Fletcher S, Provstgaard-Morys S, Knights AM. Indications of future performance of native and non-native adult oysters under acidification and warming. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:178-189. [PMID: 30352700 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Globally, non-native species (NNS) have been introduced and now often entirely replace native species in captive aquaculture; in part, a result of a perceived greater resilience of NSS to climate change and disease. Here, the effects of ocean acidification and warming on metabolic rate, feeding rate, and somatic growth was assessed using two co-occurring species of oysters - the introduced Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (formerly Crassostrea gigas), and native flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Biological responses to increased temperature and pCO2 combinations were tested, the effects differing between species. Metabolic rates and energetic demands of both species were increased by warming but not by elevated pCO2. While acidification and warming did not affect the clearance rate of O. edulis, M. gigas displayed a 40% decrease at 750 ppm pCO2. Similarly, the condition index of O. edulis was unaffected, but that of M. gigas was negatively impacted by warming, likely due to increased energetic demands that were not compensated for by increased feeding. These findings suggest differing stress from anthropogenic CO2 emissions between species and contrary to expectations, this was higher in introduced M. gigas than in the native O. edulis. If these laboratory findings hold true for populations in the wild, then continued CO2 emissions can be expected to adversely affect the functioning and structure of M. gigas populations with significant ecological and economic repercussions, especially for aquaculture. Our findings strengthen arguments in favour of investment in O. edulis restoration in UK waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaëlle J Lemasson
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK; Marine Conservation and Policy Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK; Shimoda Marine Research Centre, Tsukuba University, Japan
| | - Stephen Fletcher
- Marine Conservation and Policy Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK; UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel Provstgaard-Morys
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - Antony M Knights
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
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24
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Zwerschke N, Rein H, Harrod C, Reddin C, Emmerson MC, Roberts D, O'Connor NE. Competition between co‐occurring invasive and native consumers switches between habitats. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadescha Zwerschke
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory Portaferry UK
- British Antarctic Survey Cambridge UK
| | - Henk Rein
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory Portaferry UK
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee Peterborough UK
| | - Chris Harrod
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander Von HumboldtUniversidad de Anofagasta Antofagasta Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL Concepción Chile
| | - Carl Reddin
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern–PaleobiologyUniversität Erlangen−Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Mark C. Emmerson
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory Portaferry UK
- School of Biological ScienceQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Dai Roberts
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory Portaferry UK
- School of Biological ScienceQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Nessa E. O'Connor
- School of Biological ScienceQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
- School of Natural SciencesTrinity College Dublin Ireland
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25
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Álvarez‐Noriega M, Baird AH, Dornelas M, Madin JS, Connolly SR. Negligible effect of competition on coral colony growth. Ecology 2018; 99:1347-1356. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Álvarez‐Noriega
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Andrew H. Baird
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Maria Dornelas
- Centre for Biological Diversity Scottish Oceans Institute University of St. Andrews St. Andrews KY16 9TH UK
| | - Joshua S. Madin
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology University of Hawai'i at Mānoa 46‐007 Lilipuna Rd Kaneohe Hawai'i 96744 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales 2109 Australia
| | - Sean R. Connolly
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
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26
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Wright JM, O’Connor WA, Parker LM, Ross PM. Predation by the endemic whelk Tenguella marginalba (Blainville, 1832) on the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2017.1420397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Wright
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Wayne A. O’Connor
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, Australia
| | - Laura M. Parker
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Pauline M. Ross
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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27
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Zwerschke N, Hollyman PR, Wild R, Strigner R, Turner JR, King JW. Limited impact of an invasive oyster on intertidal assemblage structure and biodiversity: the importance of environmental context and functional equivalency with native species. MARINE BIOLOGY 2018; 165:89. [PMID: 29706667 PMCID: PMC5910461 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-018-3338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of invasive species are context dependent and linked to the ecosystem they occur within. To broaden the understanding of the impact of a globally widespread invasive oyster, Crassostrea (Magallana) gigas, intertidal surveys were carried out at 15 different sites in Europe. The impact of C. gigas on macro- (taxa surrounding oyster > 1 cm) and epifaunal (taxa on oyster < 1 cm) benthic communities and α and β-diversity was assessed and compared to those associated with native ecosystem engineers, including the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Whilst the effect of C. gigas on benthic community structures was dependent on habitat type, epifaunal communities associated with low densities of O. edulis and C. gigas did not differ and changes in benthic assemblage structure owing to the abundance of C. gigas were therefore attributed to the presence of oyster shells. Macrofaunal α-diversity increased with C. gigas cover in muddy habitats, while epifaunal α-diversity decreased at greater oyster densities. Macrofaunal β-diversity was greatest at low densities of C. gigas; however, it did not differ between samples without and increased densities of oysters. In contrast, epifaunal β-diversity decreased with increasing oyster cover. Different environmental contexts enabled more independent predictions of the effect of C. gigas on native communities. These were found to be low and more importantly not differing from O. edulis. This indicates that, at low densities, C. gigas may be functionally equivalent to the declining native oyster in terms of biodiversity facilitation and aid in re-establishing benthic communities on shores where O. edulis has become extinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadescha Zwerschke
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
| | - Philip R. Hollyman
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
| | - Romy Wild
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
| | - Robin Strigner
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
| | - John R. Turner
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
| | - Jonathan W. King
- Centre for Applied Marine Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB UK
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28
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Reise K, Buschbaum C, Büttger H, Rick J, Wegner KM. Invasion trajectory of Pacific oysters in the northern Wadden Sea. MARINE BIOLOGY 2017; 164:68. [PMID: 28316346 PMCID: PMC5337518 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-017-3104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Invasion trajectories of introduced alien species usually begin with a long establishment phase of low abundance, often followed by exponential expansion and subsequent adjustment phases. We review the first 26 years of feral Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas around the island of Sylt in the Wadden Sea (North Sea, NE Atlantic), and reveal causal conditions for the invasion phases. Sea-based oyster farming with repeated introductions made establishment of feral oysters almost inevitable. Beds of mussels Mytilus edulis on mud flats offered firm substrate for attachment and ideal growth conditions around low tide level. C. gigas mapped on to the spatial pattern of mussel beds. During the 1990s, cold summers often hampered recruitment and abundances remained low but oyster longevity secured persistence. Since the 2000s, summers were often warmer and recruitment more regular. Young oysters attached to adult oysters and abundances of >1000 m-2 were achieved. However, peak abundance was followed by recruitment failure. The population declined and then was also struck by ice winters causing high mortality. Recovery was fast (>2000 m-2) but then recruitment failed again. We expect adjustment phase will proceed with mean abundance of about 1000 m-2 but density-dependent (e.g., diseases) and density-independent (e.g., weather anomalies) events causing strong fluctuations. With continued global warming, feral C. gigas at the current invasion fronts in British estuaries and Scandinavian fjords may show similar adjustment trajectories as observed in the northern Wadden Sea, and also other marine introductions may follow the invasion trajectory of Pacific oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Reise
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstr. 43, 25992 List, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Christian Buschbaum
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstr. 43, 25992 List, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Heike Büttger
- BioConsult SH, Schobüller Str. 36, 25813 Husum, Germany
| | - Johannes Rick
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstr. 43, 25992 List, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - K. Mathias Wegner
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstr. 43, 25992 List, Bremerhaven, Germany
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29
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Moreira A, Figueira E, Pecora IL, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Biochemical alterations in native and exotic oyster species in Brazil in response to increasing temperature. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:183-193. [PMID: 27816652 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The increase of temperature in marine coastal ecosystems due to atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions is becoming an increasing threat for biodiversity worldwide, and may affect organisms' biochemical performance, often resulting in biogeographical shifts of species distribution. At the same time, the introduction of non-native species into aquatic systems also threatens biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Oysters are among the most valuable socio economic group of bivalve species in global fishery landings, and also provide numerous ecosystem services. However, the introduction of non-native oyster species, namely Crassostrea gigas for aquaculture purposes may threaten native oyster species, mainly by out competing their native congeners. It is therefore of upmost importance to understand physiological and biochemical responses of native and introduced oyster species in a scenario of global temperature rise, in order to provide knowledge that may allow for better species management. Hence, we compared biochemical alterations of the introduced C. gigas and the native Crassostrea brasiliana, the most important oyster species in Brazil, in response to different thermal regimes for 28days (24, 28 and 32°C). For this, metabolism (ETS), energy content (GLY), antioxidant system (SOD, CAT and GSH/GSSG) and cellular damage (LPO) were assessed in adult and juvenile specimens of both species. Juvenile C. gigas were the most affected by increased temperatures, presenting higher mortality, more pronounced antioxidant response (SOD), whereas adults were more tolerant than juveniles, showing no mortality, no significant changes in antioxidant enzymes activity neither energy expenditure. Native C. brasiliana juveniles presented lower mortality and less pronounced biochemical alterations were noted at higher temperature comparing to non-native C. gigas juveniles. Adult C. brasiliana were the least responsive to tested temperatures. Results obtained in this study bring interesting new insights on different oyster species life stages' physiological and biochemical tolerance towards thermal stress. The native species C. brasiliana showed ability to maintain biochemical performance at higher temperatures, with less pronounced biochemical changes than the non-native species. The introduced (C. gigas) showed to be more sensitive, presenting biochemical alterations to cope with the increase of temperature. Despite the lower observed fitness of the introduced species to temperatures closer to those naturally experienced by the native species, the ability of C. gigas to cope with higher temperatures should still raise concerns towards the native species C. brasiliana management and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moreira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Iracy L Pecora
- Campus do Litoral Paulista - Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n., CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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The ecology, evolution, impacts and management of host-parasite interactions of marine molluscs. J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 131:177-211. [PMID: 26341124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Molluscs are economically and ecologically important components of aquatic ecosystems. In addition to supporting valuable aquaculture and wild-harvest industries, their populations determine the structure of benthic communities, cycling of nutrients, serve as prey resources for higher trophic levels and, in some instances, stabilize shorelines and maintain water quality. This paper reviews existing knowledge of the ecology of host-parasite interactions involving marine molluscs, with a focus on gastropods and bivalves. It considers the ecological and evolutionary impacts of molluscan parasites on their hosts and vice versa, and on the communities and ecosystems in which they are a part, as well as disease management and its ecological impacts. An increasing number of case studies show that disease can have important effects on marine molluscs, their ecological interactions and ecosystem services, at spatial scales from centimeters to thousands of kilometers and timescales ranging from hours to years. In some instances the cascading indirect effects arising from parasitic infection of molluscs extend well beyond the temporal and spatial scales at which molluscs are affected by disease. In addition to the direct effects of molluscan disease, there can be large indirect impacts on marine environments resulting from strategies, such as introduction of non-native species and selective breeding for disease resistance, put in place to manage disease. Much of our understanding of impacts of molluscan diseases on the marine environment has been derived from just a handful of intensively studied marine parasite-host systems, namely gastropod-trematode, cockle-trematode, and oyster-protistan interactions. Understanding molluscan host-parasite dynamics is of growing importance because: (1) expanding aquaculture; (2) current and future climate change; (3) movement of non-native species; and (4) coastal development are modifying molluscan disease dynamics, ultimately leading to complex relationships between diseases and cultivated and natural molluscan populations. Further, in some instances the enhancement or restoration of valued ecosystem services may be contingent on management of molluscan disease. The application of newly emerging molecular tools and remote sensing techniques to the study of molluscan disease will be important in identifying how changes at varying spatial and temporal scales with global change are modifying host-parasite systems.
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Nawrot R, Chattopadhyay D, Zuschin M. What guides invasion success? Ecological correlates of arrival, establishment and spread of Red Sea bivalves in the Mediterranean Sea. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Nawrot
- Department of Palaeontology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14 Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Devapriya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Earth Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; Mohanpur WB-741246 India
| | - Martin Zuschin
- Department of Palaeontology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14 Vienna 1090 Austria
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Jermacz U, Dzierzy ska A, Kakareko T, Pozna ska M, Kobak J. The art of choice: predation risk changes interspecific competition between freshwater amphipods. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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The role of exotic ladybeetles in the decline of native ladybeetle populations: evidence from long-term monitoring. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Hannam MP, Wyllie-Echeverria S. Microtopography promotes coexistence of an invasive seagrass and its native congener. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0736-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Hedge LH, Johnston EL. Colonisation of the non-indigenous Pacific oyster crassostrea gigas determined by predation, size and initial settlement densities. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90621. [PMID: 24663029 PMCID: PMC3963846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival of incipient non-indigenous populations is dramatically altered by early predation on new colonisers. These effects can be influenced by morphological traits, such as coloniser size and density. The Australian non-native Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas is generally more fecund and faster growing compared to the native Saccostrea glomerata found in the same habitat. It is therefore important to quantify how the two species differ in survival across coloniser density and predation gradients. This information could become pertinent to the management of wild and aquaculture populations of the non-native C. gigas. Using a field-based factorial experiment we model the survival of incipient populations of both the native S. glomerata and the non-indigenous C. gigas as a function of coloniser density, predator reduction and individual size. Unexpectedly, survival of the non-indigenous C. gigas increased compared to S. glomerata when individuals were larger. The proportional survival of newly colonised oyster populations also increased with larger initial populations, regardless of species identity. Further, predator reduction resulted in increased survival of both oyster species, irrespective of coloniser size or initial density. Here we quantitatively demonstrate the effects of recruit density and size on enhancing the survivability of incipient oyster populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke H Hedge
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science and the Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emma L Johnston
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science and the Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Wilkie EM, Bishop MJ, O'Connor WA. The density and spatial arrangement of the invasive oyster Crassostrea gigas determines its impact on settlement of native oyster larvae. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:4851-60. [PMID: 24455120 PMCID: PMC3892352 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the density and spatial arrangement of invaders is critical to developing management strategies of pest species. The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has been translocated around the world for aquaculture and in many instances has established wild populations. Relative to other species of bivalve, it displays rapid suspension feeding, which may cause mortality of pelagic invertebrate larvae. We compared the effect on settlement of Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, larvae of manipulating the spatial arrangement and density of native S. glomerata, and non-native C. gigas. We hypothesized that while manipulations of dead oysters would reveal the same positive relationship between attachment surface area and S. glomerata settlement between the two species, manipulations of live oysters would reveal differing density-dependent effects between the native and non-native oyster. In the field, whether oysters were live or dead, more larvae settled on C. gigas than S. glomerata when substrate was arranged in monospecific clumps. When, however, the two species were interspersed, there were no differences in larval settlement between them. By contrast, in aquaria simulating a higher effective oyster density, more larvae settled on live S. glomerata than C. gigas. When C. gigas was prevented from suspension feeding, settlement of larvae on C. gigas was enhanced. By contrast, settlement was similar between the two species when dead. While the presently low densities of the invasive oyster C. gigas may enhance S. glomerata larval settlement in east Australian estuaries, future increases in densities could produce negative impacts on native oyster settlement. Synthesis and applications: Our study has shown that both the spatial arrangement and density of invaders can influence their impact. Hence, management strategies aimed at preventing invasive populations reaching damaging sizes should not only consider the threshold density at which impacts exceed some acceptable limit, but also how patch formation modifies this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Wilkie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Wayne A O'Connor
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute Taylors Beach, NSW, 2316, Australia
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37
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Green DS, Crowe TP. Context- and density-dependent effects of introduced oysters on biodiversity. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Carmona-Catot G, Magellan K, García-Berthou E. Temperature-specific competition between invasive mosquitofish and an endangered cyprinodontid fish. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54734. [PMID: 23382951 PMCID: PMC3555637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Condition-specific competition is widespread in nature. Species inhabiting heterogeneous environments tend to differ in competitive abilities depending on environmental stressors. Interactions between these factors can allow coexistence of competing species, which may be particularly important between invasive and native species. Here, we examine the effects of temperature on competitive interactions between invasive mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki, and an endemic Iberian toothcarp, Aphanius iberus. We compare the tendency to approach heterospecifics and food capture rates between these two species, and examine differences between sexes and species in aggressive interactions, at three different temperatures (19, 24 and 29°C) in three laboratory experiments. Mosquitofish exhibit much more aggression than toothcarp. We show that mosquitofish have the capacity to competitively displace toothcarp through interference competition and this outcome is more likely at higher temperatures. We also show a reversal in the competitive hierarchy through reduced food capture rate by mosquitofish at lower temperatures and suggest that these two types of competition may act synergistically to deprive toothcarp of food at higher temperatures. Males of both species carry out more overtly aggressive acts than females, which is probably related to the marked sexual dimorphism and associated mating systems of these two species. Mosquitofish may thus impact heavily on toothcarp, and competition from mosquitofish, especially in warmer summer months, may lead to changes in abundance of the native species and displacement to non-preferred habitats. Globally increasing temperatures mean that highly invasive, warm-water mosquitofish may be able to colonize environments from which they are currently excluded through reduced physiological tolerance to low temperatures. Research into the effects of temperature on interactions between native and invasive species is thus of fundamental importance.
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Lenz M, da Gama BAP, Gerner NV, Gobin J, Gröner F, Harry A, Jenkins SR, Kraufvelin P, Mummelthei C, Sareyka J, Xavier EA, Wahl M. Non-native marine invertebrates are more tolerant towards environmental stress than taxonomically related native species: results from a globally replicated study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2011; 111:943-952. [PMID: 21632049 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To predict the risk associated with future introductions, ecologists seek to identify traits that determine the invasiveness of species. Among numerous designated characteristics, tolerance towards environmental stress is one of the most favored. However, there is little empirical support for the assumption that non-native species generally cope better with temporarily unfavorable conditions than native species. To test this concept, we ran five pairwise comparisons between native and non-native marine invertebrates at temperate, subtropical, and tropical sites. We included (natives named first) six bivalves: Brachidontes exustus and Perna viridis, P. perna and Isognomon bicolor, Saccostrea glomerata and Crassostrea gigas, two ascidians: Diplosoma listerianum and Didemnum vexillum as well as two crustaceans: Gammarus zaddachi and G. tigrinus. We simulated acute fluctuations in salinity, oxygen concentration, and temperature, while we measured respiration and survival rates. Under stressful conditions, non-native species consistently showed less pronounced deviations from their normal respiratory performance than their native counterparts. We suggest that this indicates that they have a wider tolerance range. Furthermore, they also revealed higher survival rates under stress. Thus, stress tolerance seems to be a property of successful invaders and could therefore be a useful criterion for screening profiles and risk assessment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lenz
- Marine Ecology Department, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften an der Christian-Albrechts Universität Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, Germany.
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Connan S, Stengel DB. Impacts of ambient salinity and copper on brown algae: 1. Interactive effects on photosynthesis, growth, and copper accumulation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 104:94-107. [PMID: 21549661 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of copper enrichment and salinity on growth, photosynthesis and copper accumulation of two temperate brown seaweeds, Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus, was investigated in laboratory experiments. A significant negative impact of reduced salinity on photosynthetic activity and growth was observed for both species. After 15 days at a salinity of 5, photosynthesis of A. nodosum was entirely inhibited and growth ceased at a salinity of 15. Increased copper concentration negatively affected photosynthetic activity of A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus resulting in chlorosis and reduced seaweed growth; 5 mg L⁻¹ copper caused an inhibition of the photosynthesis and the degradation of seaweed tips. Under reduced salinity, copper toxicity was enhanced and caused an earlier impact on the physiology of seaweed tips. After exposure to copper and different salinities for 15 days, copper contents of seaweeds were closely related to copper concentration in the water; seaweed copper contents reached their maximum after 1 day of exposure; contents only increased again when additional, free copper was added to the water. At high water copper concentrations or low salinity, or a combination of both, copper content of A. nodosum decreased. By contrast, copper content of F. vesiculosus increased, suggesting that different binding sites or uptake mechanisms exist in the two species. The results suggest that when using brown seaweeds in biomonitoring in situ, any change in the environment will directly and significantly affect algal physiology and thus their metal binding capacity; the assessment of the physiological status of the algae in combination with the analysis of thallus metal content will enhance the reliability of the biomonitoring process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Connan
- Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, Environmental Change Institute and Martin Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Distel CA, Boone MD. Pesticide has asymmetric effects on two tadpole species across density gradient. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2011; 30:650-658. [PMID: 21298710 DOI: 10.1002/etc.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) have been disappearing throughout their range. The causes for extirpations have been elusive, although habitat alteration appears to be a major factor. Pesticides have been implicated in declines in western amphibians, but no mechanism has been identified. We tested the hypothesis that leopard frog tadpoles would be eliminated from insecticide-exposed ponds when they were less abundant than a competitor (American toads, Bufo americanus) by manipulating toad and leopard frog density (16, 50, or 150 of each species) with or without the insecticide carbaryl. Insecticide exposure did not interact with density on either species, indicating that contaminant effects were similar despite drastic differences in competition. The survival of both species decreased with increasing conspecific density, but not heterospecific density. Leopard frogs produced more metamorphs at intermediate densities, whereas toads produced more metamorphs at high density. Leopard frog mass at and time to metamorphosis responded negatively to density. Carbaryl did not affect leopard frog survival but positively affected mass at and time to metamorphosis. In contrast, toad survival was reduced after exposure, but mass at metamorphosis was greater. Pesticide-induced survival reductions may not affect population size if reductions are slight (as in toads, whose fitness may be compensated by increased mass). Management strategies aimed at ameliorating the effects of carbaryl in systems with these two species may not need to consider density.
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Alto BW. Interspecific larval competition between invasive Aedes japonicus and native Aedes triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae) and adult longevity. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2011; 48:232-242. [PMID: 21485358 DOI: 10.1603/me09252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Asian rock pool mosquito Aedes japonicus (Theobald) inhabits natural and artificial container habitats, some of which are occupied by the native treehole mosquitoAedes triseriatus (Say), a vector of LaCrosse encephalitis virus. A laboratory experiment was used to evaluate the effects of nutrient limitation and interspecific interactions between these species. The goal was to address two related hypotheses. First, interspecific interactions between these species show competitive asymmetry with the invasive mosquito Ae. japonicus being favored over Ae. triseriatus. Second, competitive stress at the larval stage alters adult longevity. There was minimal evidence for competitive asymmetry between these two species. Mosquito and population performance showed clear negative density-dependent effects with similar effects of intra- and interspecific interactions. Only Ae. japonicus development time showed competitive asymmetry over Ae. triseriatus, providing weak support for the first hypothesis. For both species, competition resulted in lower adult longevity compared with low competition, providing support for the second hypothesis. These results suggest both species are similarly affected by intra- and interspecific competition and underscore the importance of the effects of larval competition that continue into adulthood and alter parameters important to transmission of vector-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry W Alto
- University of Illinois, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
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Nicastro KR, Zardi GI, McQuaid CD, Stephens L, Radloff S, Blatch GL. The role of gaping behaviour in habitat partitioning between coexisting intertidal mussels. BMC Ecol 2010; 10:17. [PMID: 20624310 PMCID: PMC2912236 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6785-10-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental heterogeneity plays a major role in invasion and coexistence dynamics. Habitat segregation between introduced species and their native competitors is usually described in terms of different physiological and behavioural abilities. However little attention has been paid to the effects of behaviour in habitat partitioning among invertebrates, partially because their behavioural repertoires, especially marine benthic taxa, are extremely limited. This study investigates the effect of gaping behaviour on habitat segregation of the two dominant mussel species living in South Africa, the invasive Mytilus galloprovincialis and the indigenous Perna perna. These two species show partial habitat segregation on the south coast of South Africa, the lower and upper areas of the mussel zone are dominated by P. perna and M. galloprovincialis respectively, with overlap in the middle zone. During emergence, intertidal mussels will either keep the valves closed, minimizing water loss and undergoing anaerobic metabolism, or will periodically open the valves maintaining a more efficient aerobic metabolism but increasing the risk of desiccation. RESULTS Our results show that, when air exposed, the two species adopt clearly different behaviours. M. galloprovincialis keeps the shell valves closed, while P. perna periodically gapes. Gaping behaviour increased water loss in the indigenous species, and consequently the risk of desiccation. The indigenous species expressed significantly higher levels of stress protein (Hsp70) than M. galloprovincialis under field conditions and suffered significantly higher mortality rates when exposed to air in the laboratory. In general, no intra-specific differences were observed in relation to intertidal height. The absence of gaping minimises water loss but exposes the invasive species to other stresses, probably related to anoxic respiration. CONCLUSIONS Gaping affects tolerance to desiccation, thus influencing the vertical zonation of the two species. Valve closure exposes the invasive species to higher stress and associated energy demands, but it minimizes water loss, allowing this species to dominate the upper mussel zone, where the gaping indigenous P. perna cannot survive. Thus even very simple behaviour can influence the outcome of interactions between indigenous and invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy R Nicastro
- CCMAR, CIMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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Distel CA, Boone MD. Effects of aquatic exposure to the insecticide carbaryl are species-specific across life stages and mediated by heterospecific competitors in anurans. Funct Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Padilla DK. Context-dependent impacts of a non-native ecosystem engineer, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Integr Comp Biol 2010; 50:213-25. [PMID: 21558200 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icq080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of non-native species represents unprecedented large-scale experiments that allow us to examine ecological systems in ways that would otherwise not be possible. Invasion by novel ecological types into a community can press a system beyond the bounds normally seen and can reveal community interactions, local drivers and limits within systems that are otherwise hidden by coevolution and a long evolutionary history among local players, as well as local adaptation of species. The success of many invaders is attributed to their ability to thrive in a wide range of habitat types and physical conditions, setting the stage for direct examination of ecological impacts of a species across a range of habitat and community contexts. Bivalves are well-known ecosystem engineers, especially oysters, which are the target of wild-caught fisheries and aquaculture. The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is grown worldwide for aquaculture, and is presently invading shores on virtually every continent. As a consequence, this non-native species is having large impacts on many systems, but the types of impacts are system specific, and greatly depend on substrate type, how physiologically stressful the environment is for intertidal zone species, and the presence of native engineering species. A novel type of engineering effect is identified for this non-native species, whereby it alters not only the physical environment, but also the thermal environment of the community it invades. The impacts of engineering by this non-native species will depend not only on whether it facilitates or inhibits species but also on the trophic level and ecological role of the species affected, and whether similar ecological types are found within the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna K Padilla
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5245, USA.
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Wrange AL, Valero J, Harkestad LS, Strand Ø, Lindegarth S, Christensen HT, Dolmer P, Kristensen PS, Mortensen S. Massive settlements of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in Scandinavia. Biol Invasions 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Invasion of north European streams by brook trout: hostile takeover or pre-adapted habitat niche segregation? Biol Invasions 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Spooner DE, Vaughn CC. Species richness and temperature influence mussel biomass: a partitioning approach applied to natural communities. Ecology 2009; 90:781-90. [DOI: 10.1890/08-0966.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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