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Uchida-Fujii E, Niwa H, Senoh M, Kato H, Kinoshita Y, Mita H, Ueno T. Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13099. [PMID: 37567893 PMCID: PMC10421859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We encountered 34 Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) cases among Thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021. Among them, 79.4% (27/34) either died or were euthanised. The risk factors associated with CDI and mortality among Japanese Thoroughbred horses remain unclear. We used genetic methods to examine C. difficile strains and their relationships with prognosis. Twenty-two (64.7%) cases were hospitalised at the onset of colitis. Outcomes were balanced for hospitalisation rates at the onset of colitis. The mortality rates of cases treated with metronidazole (65.0%) were significantly lower than untreated cases (100%). The predominant genotype of C. difficile isolate was polymerase chain reaction ribotype (RT) 078, isolated from 12 cases (35.3%), followed by RT014 (six cases, 17.6%). Binary toxin (C. difficile transferase [CDT])-positive strains, including all RT078 strains, were isolated from 16 horses. Mortality rates in RT078 strain (75.0%) or CDT-positive strain (83.3%) cases were comparable to that in cases of other types. Sufficient infection control is needed to prevent CDI in Thoroughbred horses. A timely and prompt CDI diagnosis leading to metronidazole treatment would improve CDI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Uchida-Fujii
- Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shiba 1400-4, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Niwa
- Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shiba 1400-4, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan.
| | - Mitsutoshi Senoh
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Haru Kato
- Antimicrobial Resistance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-Cho 4-2-1, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, 189-0002, Japan
| | - Yuta Kinoshita
- Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shiba 1400-4, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mita
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shiba 1400-4, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Takanori Ueno
- Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shiba 1400-4, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
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2
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Kishita M, Matsumura Y, Yamamoto M, Nagao M, Takemura M, Sumi M, Osawa M, Nakano Y, Tanikawa S, Tsukaguchi F, Ikemoto T, Kushima R. Increase in the frequency of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones among inpatients of acute care hospitals in the Kyoto and Shiga regions, Japan. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:458-463. [PMID: 36702205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific epidemic clones of hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) are responsible for the worldwide spread of MRSA. However, in recent years, the isolation of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) clones has been increasing. We investigated the latest molecular epidemiology trends of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA clones in the Kyoto and Shiga regions, Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS All nonduplicate MRSA isolates obtained from the clinical specimens of inpatients at four acute care hospitals in the Kyoto and Shiga regions between 2014 and 2019 were typed using the PCR-based open reading frame typing (POT) method. CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA were classified according to the POT1 values. We performed whole-genome sequencing analysis for representative isolates displaying common POT types. RESULTS A total of 2413 isolates were included in the study, comprising 1730 nosocomial and 683 nonnosocomial isolates. The rates of HA-MRSA decreased from 50.2% in 2014 to 19.0% in 2019, while those of CA-MRSA increased from 44.7% to 76.4% (p < 0.001). Isolates belonging to the most common 10 POT types (CA-MRSA, n = 6; HA-MRSA, n = 4) accounted for 42% of the isolates studied and were obtained from 3 or more hospitals. Whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that the common CA-MRSA isolates with POT types 106-137-80, 106-9-80, 106-9-2, and 106-137-2, those with POT types 106-183-37 and 106-129-5, and HA-MRSA isolates with POT types 93-191-103, 93-157-127, 93-137-103, and 93-223-111 belonged to ST8-SCCmecIV, ST1-SCCmecIV, and ST764-SCCmecII, respectively. CONCLUSION A recent clonal shift from HA-MRSA to CA-MRSA occurred, and specific regional clones were prevalent among inpatients in the Kyoto and Shiga regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Kishita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Matsumura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miwa Takemura
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masaki Sumi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Makoto Osawa
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Nakano
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanikawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Fumie Tsukaguchi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ikemoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kushima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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3
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Madsen AM, Zhang F, Zeng Y, Frederiksen MW. Airborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, other bacteria, fungi, endotoxin, and dust in a pigeon exhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114642. [PMID: 36306875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon breeding is associated with exposure to airborne microorganisms and endotoxin and with symptoms of the airways. Antibiotic resistance is a threat to human health. Some pigeons participate in national and international indoor exhibitions. This study aims to obtain knowledge about the potential human exposure to dust, endotoxin, fungi, and bacteria including the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a pigeon exhibition in Denmark. In walking areas for visitors, airborne microorganisms in different size fractions able to enter the airways were sampled and following identified. The average concentrations were: 5000 cfu fungi/m3, 1.8 × 104 cfu bacteria/m3, 37 endotoxin units/m3, and 0.18 mg dust/m3 air with the highest concentrations in-between rows with pigeon cages. The fungal species Wallemia sp. and Aspergillus versicolor and the bacterial species S. equorum and S. aureus were found in high concentrations. MRSA spa type t034 described to be associated with livestock was found in the air. Most of the S. aureus was present in the size fraction of 1.1-2.1 μm, which are particles able to enter the human terminal bronchi. In conclusion, fungi, bacteria, and endotoxin, respectively, were found in concentrations 10, 2000, and 200 times higher than outdoor references. The airborne bacteria in the exhibition were mainly species found previously in pigeon coops showing that the pigeons are the sources of exposure. The presence of airborne MRSA in the pigeon exhibition highlights the importance of also considering this environment as a potential place of exchange of resistant bacteria between animals and between animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Yonghui Zeng
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Margit W Frederiksen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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4
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Nonogaki R, Iijima A, Kawamura K, Kayama S, Sugai M, Yagi T, Arakawa Y, Doi Y, Suzuki M. PCR-based ORF typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae for rapid identification of global clones and transmission events. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2050-2062. [PMID: 35797348 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections. In this study, we aimed to develop a rapid and simple genotyping method that can characterize strains causing nosocomial infections. METHODS AND RESULTS The PCR-based open reading frame (ORF) typing (POT) method consists of two multiplex PCR reactions which were designed to detect 25 ORFs specific to bacterial genetic lineages, species, antimicrobial resistant genes (blaCTX-M group-1 , blaCTX-M group-9 , blaIMP and blaKPC ), a capsular K1-specific gene, and a virulence factor gene (rmpA/A2). The electrophoresis results are then digitized. A total of 192 strains (136 clinical and 8 reference strains of K. pneumoniae, 33 clinical and 1 reference strains of K. variicola, and 14 clinical strains of K. quasipneumoniae) were classified into 95, 26, and 11 POT values, respectively. The distribution patterns of ORFs among K. pneumoniae correlated well with multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Furthermore, closely related species could be distinguished and key antimicrobial resistance and hypervirulence genes were identified as part of POT. CONCLUSIONS The POT method was developed and validated for K. pneumoniae. In comparison to MLST, the POT method is a rapid and easy genotyping method for monitoring transmission events by K. pneumoniae in clinical microbiology laboratories. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The POT method supplies clear and informative molecular typing results for K. pneumoniae. The method would facilitate molecular epidemiological analysis in infection control and hospital epidemiology investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Nonogaki
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Anna Iijima
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kawamura
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shizuo Kayama
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Antimicrobial Resistance, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Sugai
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Antimicrobial Resistance, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yohei Doi
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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5
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Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms via crystal violet binding and biochemical composition assays of isolates from hospitals, raw meat, and biofilm-associated gene mutants. Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Niedziela DA, Cormican P, Foucras G, Leonard FC, Keane OM. Bovine milk somatic cell transcriptomic response to Staphylococcus aureus is dependent on strain genotype. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:796. [PMID: 34740333 PMCID: PMC8571842 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mastitis is an economically important disease of dairy cows with Staphylococcus aureus a major cause worldwide. Challenge of Holstein-Friesian cows demonstrated that S. aureus strain MOK124, which belongs to Clonal Complex (CC)151, caused clinical mastitis, while strain MOK023, belonging to CC97, caused mild or subclinical mastitis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the host immune response utilising a transcriptomic approach. Milk somatic cells were collected from cows infected with either S. aureus MOK023 or MOK124 at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h post-infection (hpi) and analysed for differentially expressed (DE) genes in response to each strain. Results In response to MOK023, 1278, 2278, 1986 and 1750 DE genes were found at 24, 48, 72 and 168 hpi, respectively, while 2293, 1979, 1428 and 1544 DE genes were found in response to MOK124 at those time points. Genes involved in milk production (CSN1, CSN10, CSN1S2, CSN2, a-LACTA and PRLR) were downregulated in response to both strains, with a more pronounced decrease in the MOK124 group. Immune response pathways such as NF-κB and TNF signalling were overrepresented in response to both strains at 24 hpi. These immune pathways continued to be overrepresented in the MOK023 group at 48 and 72 hpi, while the Hippo signalling, extracellular matrix interaction (ECM) and tight junction pathways were overrepresented in the MOK124 group between 48 and 168 hpi. Cellular composition analysis demonstrated that a neutrophil response was predominant in response to MOK124, while M1 macrophages were the main milk cell type post-infection in the MOK023 group. Conclusions A switch from immune response pathways to pathways involved in maintaining the integrity of the epithelial cell layer was observed in the MOK124 group from 48 hpi, which coincided with the occurrence of clinical signs in the infected animals. The higher proportion of M1 macrophages in the MOK023 group and lack of substantial neutrophil recruitment in response to MOK023 may indicate immune evasion by this strain. The results of this study highlight that the somatic cell transcriptomic response to S. aureus is dependent on the genotype of the infecting strain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08135-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara A Niedziela
- Animal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paul Cormican
- Animal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Gilles Foucras
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR1225, F-31076, Toulouse, France
| | - Finola C Leonard
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Orla M Keane
- Animal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland.
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7
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Copper Resistance Promotes Fitness of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus during Urinary Tract Infection. mBio 2021; 12:e0203821. [PMID: 34488457 PMCID: PMC8546587 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02038-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious conditions affecting people in the United States and around the world. Our knowledge of the host-pathogen interaction during UTI caused by Gram-positive bacterial uropathogens is limited compared to that for Gram-negative pathogens. Here, we investigated whether copper and the primary copper-containing protein, ceruloplasmin, are mobilized to urine during naturally occurring UTI caused by Gram-positive uropathogens in patients. Next, we probed the role of copper resistance in the fitness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) during experimental UTI in a murine model. Our findings demonstrate that urinary copper and ceruloplasmin content are elevated during UTI caused by Enterococcus faecalis, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. saprophyticus. MRSA strains successfully colonize the urinary tract of female CBA mice with selective induction of inflammation in the kidneys but not the bladder. MRSA mutants lacking CopL, a copper-binding cell surface lipoprotein, and the ACME genomic region containing copL, exhibit decreased fitness in the mouse urinary tract compared to parental strains. Copper sensitivity assays, cell-associated copper and iron content, and bioavailability of iron during copper stress demonstrate that homeostasis of copper and iron is interlinked in S. aureus. Importantly, relative fitness of the MRSA mutant lacking the ACME region is further decreased in mice that receive supplemental copper compared to the parental strain. In summary, copper is mobilized to the urinary tract during UTI caused by Gram-positive pathogens, and copper resistance is a fitness factor for MRSA during UTI. IMPORTANCE Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an extremely common infectious condition affecting people throughout the world. Increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogens causing UTI threatens our ability to continue to treat patients in the clinics. Better understanding of the host-pathogen interface is critical for development of novel interventional strategies. Here, we sought to elucidate the role of copper in host-Staphylococcus aureus interaction during UTI. Our results reveal that copper is mobilized to the urine as a host response in patients with UTI. Our findings from the murine model of UTI demonstrate that copper resistance is involved in the fitness of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) during interaction with the host. We also establish a critical link between adaptation to copper stress and iron homeostasis in S. aureus.
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8
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Kuroda J, Okazaki K, Murai T, Aizawa Y, Horikoshi Y. Impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in a neonatal intensive care unit after discharge. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:117-119. [PMID: 33372340 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Kuroda
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Okazaki
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takemi Murai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Aizawa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuho Horikoshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Peng C, Hanawa T, Azam AH, LeBlanc C, Ung P, Matsuda T, Onishi H, Miyanaga K, Tanji Y. Silviavirus phage ɸMR003 displays a broad host range against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of human origin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7751-7765. [PMID: 31388727 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of life-threatening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has led to increased interest in the use of bacteriophages as an alternative therapy to antibiotics. The success of phage therapy is greatly dependent on the selected phage possessing a wide host range. This study describes phage ɸMR003 isolated from sewage influent at a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Tokyo, Japan. ɸMR003 could infect 97% of 104 healthcare- and community-associated MRSA strains tested, compared with 73% for phage ɸSA012, which has a broad host range against bovine mastitis S. aureus. Genome analysis revealed that ɸMR003 belongs to the genus Silviavirus which has not been studied extensively. ɸMR003 recognizes and binds to wall teichoic acid (WTA) of S. aureus during infection. In silico comparisons of the genomes of ɸMR003 and ɸSA012 revealed that ORF117 and ORF119 of ɸMR003 are homologous to the putative receptor-binding proteins ORF103 and ORF105 of ɸSA012, with amino acid similarities of 75% and 72%, respectively. ORF104, which is an N-acetylglucosaminidase found in the ɸMR003 tail, may facilitate phage's infection onto the WTA-null S. aureus RN4220. The differences in tail and baseplate proteins may be key contributing factors to the different host specificities of ɸMR003 and ɸSA012. ɸMR003 showed strong adsorptivity, but not infectivity, against S. aureus SA003, which may be influenced by the bacterium's restriction modification system. This study expands our knowledge of the genomic diversity and host specificity of Silviavirus, which is a potential phage therapy candidate for MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanthol Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259J2-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh, 12156, Cambodia
| | - Tomoko Hanawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Aa Haeruman Azam
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259J2-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Cierra LeBlanc
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Porsry Ung
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh, 12156, Cambodia
| | - Takeaki Matsuda
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Miyanaga
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259J2-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunori Tanji
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259J2-15 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
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10
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Li Q, Li Y, Tang Y, Meng C, Ingmer H, Jiao X. Prevalence and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus argenteus in chicken from retail markets in China. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Ko DS, Seong WJ, Kim D, Kim EK, Kim NH, Lee CY, Kim JH, Kwon HJ. Molecular prophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis. J Vet Sci 2019; 19:771-781. [PMID: 30173494 PMCID: PMC6265582 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.6.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens causing bovine mastitis and foodborne diseases associated with dairy products. To determine the genetic relationships between human and bovine or bovine isolates of S. aureus, various molecular methods have been used. Previously we developed an rpoB sequence typing (RSTing) method for molecular differentiation of S. aureus isolates and identification of RpoB-related antibiotic resistance. In this study, we performed spa typing and RSTing with 84 isolates from mastitic cows (22 farms, 72 cows, and 84 udders) and developed a molecular prophage typing (mPPTing) method for molecular epidemiological analysis of bovine mastitis. To compare the results, human isolates from patients (n = 14) and GenBank (n = 166) were used for real and in silico RSTing and mPPTing, respectively. Based on the results, RST10-2 and RST4-1 were the most common rpoB sequence types (RSTs) in cows and humans, respectively, and most isolates from cows and humans clearly differed. Antibiotic resistance-related RSTs were not detected in the cow isolates. A single dominant prophage type and gradual evolution through prophage acquisition were apparent in most of the tested farms. Thus, RSTing and mPPTing are informative, simple, and economic methods for molecular epidemiological analysis of S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Sung Ko
- Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Won-Jin Seong
- Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Danil Kim
- Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chung-Young Lee
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Joon Kwon
- Department of Farm Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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12
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Uehara Y, Mori M, Tauchi M, Nishimura S, Sakurai H, Murai T, Okazaki K, Kinoshita K, Horikoshi Y, Hiramatsu K. First report on USA300 outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit detected by polymerase chain reaction-based open reading frame typing in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2018; 25:400-403. [PMID: 30595348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have been reported worldwide. Some outbreaks were caused by USA300, which is a community-associated MRSA clone. In 2011, polymerase chain reaction-based open reading frame typing (POT) for the initial MRSA isolates from all inpatients was started at the Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center. From March 2014 to April 2015, a total of 131 MRSA strains were isolated, 104 of which were analyzed as healthcare-associated MRSA. Thirteen stains (12.5%) had a POT number of 106-9-93, which strongly suggested USA300; these included 6 from nasal swabs, 6 from blood cultures and 1 from subcutaneous pus. All the MRSA strains were isolated from patients in the NICU; were typed as sequence type 8, spa type t008, and staphylococcal cassette chromosome type mec IVa; and possessed the lukS-lukF and arginine catabolic mobile element-arcA gene. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of all the strains, with USA300-0114 as a reference, showed indistinguishable banding pattern. Based on these results, POT was useful in recognizing this first MRSA outbreak of USA300 in a Japanese NICU and was advantageous in terms of swiftness, less cost and monitoring change of the epidemic MRSA lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Uehara
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Miki Mori
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mutsuhiro Tauchi
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shu Nishimura
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakurai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan
| | - Takemi Murai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan
| | - Kaoru Okazaki
- Division of Neonatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan
| | - Kazue Kinoshita
- Division of Molecular Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan
| | - Yuho Horikoshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, 2-8-29, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramatsu
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Infection Control Science Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Sato T, Usui M, Maetani S, Tamura Y. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among veterinary staff in small animal hospitals in Sapporo, Japan, between 2008 and 2016: A follow up study. J Infect Chemother 2018; 24:588-591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Osaka S, Okuzumi K, Koide S, Tamai K, Sato T, Tanimoto K, Tomita H, Suzuki M, Nagano Y, Shibayama K, Arakawa Y, Nagano N. Genetic shifts in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic clones and toxin gene profiles in Japan: comparative analysis among pre-epidemic, epidemic and post-epidemic phases. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:392-399. [PMID: 29458554 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The decline in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation rates has become a general observation worldwide, including Japan. We hypothesized that some genetic shift in MRSA might cause this phenomenon, and therefore we investigated the genetic profiles among MRSA clinical isolates obtained from three different epidemic phases in Japan. METHODOLOGY A total of 353 MRSA isolates were selected from 202 medical facilities in 1990 (pre-epidemic phase), 2004 (epidemic phase) and 2016 (post-epidemic phase). Molecular typing was performed by PCR detection of 22 genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based ORF typing (POT) system, including an additional eight genes including small genomic islets and seven toxin genes. RESULTS Isolates with a POT1 of score 93, identified as presumed clonal complex (pCC)5-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type II including ST5-SCCmec type II New York/Japan clone, represented the major epidemic MRSA lineage in 1990 and 2004. In 2016, however, a marked decrease in isolates with a POT1 score of 93, along with changes in the epidemiology of toxin genes carried, was noted, where the carriers of tst genes including the tst-sec combination were markedly reduced, and those possessing the seb gene alone were markedly increased. Rather, isolates with a POT1 score of 106, including pCC1 or pCC8 among the isolates with SCCmec type IV, which often links to community-associated MRSA, were predominant. Interestingly, the pCC1 and pCC8 lineages were related to sea and tst-sec carriage, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Over time, a transition in MRSA genetic profiles from a POT1 score of 93 in 1990 and 2004 to 106 in 2014 was found in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Osaka
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Katsuko Okuzumi
- Division of Infection Control, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shota Koide
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Tanimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Tomita
- Department of Bacteriology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagano
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
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15
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Iwano H, Inoue Y, Takasago T, Kobayashi H, Furusawa T, Taniguchi K, Fujiki J, Yokota H, Usui M, Tanji Y, Hagiwara K, Higuchi H, Tamura Y. Bacteriophage ΦSA012 Has a Broad Host Range against Staphylococcus aureus and Effective Lytic Capacity in a Mouse Mastitis Model. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7010008. [PMID: 29315249 PMCID: PMC5872034 DOI: 10.3390/biology7010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by bacterial infection in dairy cattle. It is the most costly disease in the dairy industry because of the high use of antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative agents of bovine mastitis and antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, new strategies to control bacterial infection are required in the dairy industry. One potential strategy is bacteriophage (phage) therapy. In the present study, we examined the host range of previously isolated S. aureus phages ΦSA012 and ΦSA039 against S. aureus strains isolated from mastitic cows. These phages could kill all S. aureus (93 strains from 40 genotypes) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (six strains from six genotypes) strains tested. Using a mouse mastitis model, we demonstrated that ΦSA012 reduced proliferation of S. aureus and inflammation in the mammary gland. Furthermore, intravenous or intraperitoneal phage administration reduced proliferation of S. aureus in the mammary glands. These results suggest that broad host range phages ΦSA012 is potential antibacterial agents for dairy production medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-388-4885
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Takuji Takasago
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hironori Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Kotomi Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasunori Tanji
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan;
| | - Katsuro Hagiwara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
- Center for Veterinary Drug Vevelopment, Rakuno Gakuen University, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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16
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Ogihara S, Saito R, Sawabe E, Kozakai T, Shima M, Aiso Y, Fujie T, Nukui Y, Koike R, Hagihara M, Tohda S. Molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Comparison of PCR-based open reading frame typing, multilocus sequence typing, and Staphylococcus protein A gene typing. J Infect Chemother 2017; 24:312-314. [PMID: 29233460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The recently developed PCR-based open reading frame typing (POT) method is a useful molecular typing tool. Here, we evaluated the performance of POT for molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates and compared its performance to those of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and Staphylococcus protein A gene typing (spa typing). Thirty-seven MRSA isolates were collected between July 2012 and May 2015. MLST, spa typing, and POT were performed, and their discriminatory powers were evaluated using Simpson's index analysis. The MRSA isolates were classified into 11, 18, and 33 types by MLST, spa typing, and POT, respectively. The predominant strains identified by MLST, spa typing, and POT were ST8 and ST764, t002, and 93-191-127, respectively. The discriminatory power of MLST, spa typing, and POT was 0.853, 0.875, and 0.992, respectively, indicating that POT had the highest discriminatory power. Moreover, the results of MLST and spa were available after 2 days, whereas that of POT was available in 5 h. Furthermore, POT is rapid and easy to perform and interpret. Therefore, POT is a superior molecular typing tool for monitoring nosocomial transmission of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Ogihara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Saito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Etsuko Sawabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kozakai
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Shima
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshibumi Aiso
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Fujie
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Koike
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Hagihara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Tohda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Sato T, Usui M, Konishi N, Kai A, Matsui H, Hanaki H, Tamura Y. Closely related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail meat, cows with mastitis, and humans in Japan. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187319. [PMID: 29084288 PMCID: PMC5662215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pervasive healthcare-acquired (HA) pathogen with recent emergence as a community-acquired (CA) pathogen. To elucidate whether meat mediates MRSA transmission between animals and humans in Japan, this study examined MRSA isolates from retail meat (n = 8), cows with mastitis (n = 7), and humans (HA-MRSA = 46 and CA-MRSA = 54) by molecular typing, virulence gene analyses, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. MRSA isolates from retail meat were classified into sequence type (ST) 8/spa type t1767 (n = 4), ST8/t4133 (n = 1), ST59/t3385 (n = 1), ST88/t375 (n = 1), and ST509/t375 (n = 1). All seven MRSA isolates from cows with mastitis were ST8/t1767. 46 HA-MRSA were clonal complex (CC) 5, divided into t002 (n = 30), t045 (n = 12), and t7455 (n = 4). 54 CA-MRSA were classified into 6 different CCs: CC1 (n = 14), CC5 (n = 7), CC8 (n = 29), CC45 (n = 1), CC89 (n = 1), CC509 (n = 1), and into 16 different spa types including newly identified t17177, t17193, and t17194. The majority were CC8/t1767 (n = 16). CC of one CA-MRSA isolate (spa type t1767) was not classified. Among 41 CC8 MRSA (five from meat, seven from cows with mastitis, and 29 CA-MRSA), 14 ST8/SCCmec IVl isolates (three from meat, one from a cow with mastitis, and 10 CA-MRSA) had identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and similar spa type (t1767, t4133, and t17177), and were typed as CA-MRSA/J (ST8/SCCmec IVl, positive for sec + sel + tst but negative for Panton–Valentine leukocidin and the arginine catabolic mobile element). These results suggest that there is a transmission cycle of CA-MRSA/J among meat, cows, and humans in Japan, although it is unclear whether the origin is cow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Sato
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Noriko Konishi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Kai
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehito Matsui
- Infection Control Research Center, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hanaki
- Infection Control Research Center, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Suzuki M, Yamada K, Aoki M, Hosoba E, Matsumoto M, Baba H, Iinuma Y. Applying a PCR-based open-reading frame typing method for easy genotyping and molecular epidemiological analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:487-97. [PMID: 26642191 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Molecular epidemiological techniques, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), or multilocus sequence typing (MLST) have facilitated our understanding of the transmission routes of nosocomial infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, they are time consuming and technically demanding. To perform molecular epidemiological analysis in a standard microbiology laboratory, we aimed to develop a simpler and effective molecular epidemiological technique based on the open-reading frame (ORF) distribution patterns detected by PCR, which we call PCR-based ORF typing (POT). METHODS AND RESULTS Ten ORFs from genomic islets, five ORFs from genomic islands, and the metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) blaIMP and blaVIM were selected by comparing the whole-genome sequences of different Ps. aeruginosa strains (PAO1, PA7, UCBPP-PA14 and LESB58). These 17 ORFs were detected, along with a Ps. aeruginosa marker, using 9-plex and 10-plex PCR systems. The genotypes in the POT were compared to those obtained by using PFGE and MLST. CONCLUSIONS Using the POT method, molecular epidemiological analyses of Ps. aeruginosa can be completed in 4 h. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Since this method is very easy to perform, even in standard clinical laboratories, it could be a valuable tool for monitoring daily infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Yamada
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Aoki
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan
| | - E Hosoba
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Baba
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Y Iinuma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Shinomiya H, Seto K, Kawase J, Arikawa K, Funatogawa K, Suzuki M, Kubota H, Shirabe K. [Current status of bacteriological studies at prefectural and municipal public health institutes in Japan]. Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi 2016; 70:309-18. [PMID: 26028211 DOI: 10.3412/jsb.70.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prefectural and municipal public health institutes are located in prefectures and ordinance-designated cities in Japan, and play a vital role in the regional surveillance of infectious diseases and foodborne illnesses. These institutes, in close cooperation with national institutes such as the National Institute of Infectious Diseases and the National Institute of Health Sciences, construct the national surveillance network for infectious diseases and their causative agents. Bacteriological examinations and studies on a variety of infectious diseases and foodborne illnesses are core activities of prefectural and municipal public health institutes, through which novel and important bacteriological findings have been acquired. In this article, we report the latest findings regarding bacteriological examinations/studies and interesting cases at these institutes, especially concerning foodborne illnesses, tuberculosis, and antimicrobial resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Shinomiya
- Ehime Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
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20
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Kimura Y, Morinaga Y, Akamatsu N, Matsuda J, Yamaryo T, Kawakami K, Matsuo H, Kosai K, Uno N, Hasegawa H, Yanagihara K. Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Japanese secondary care facility. J Infect Chemother 2015; 22:14-8. [PMID: 26617349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is prevalent in Japan, and the Staphylococcus cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type II is common among hospital-acquired MRSA isolates. Information pertaining to MRSA characteristics is limited, including SCCmec types, in primary or secondary care facilities. A total of 128 MRSA isolates (90 skin and soft tissue isolates and 38 blood isolates) were collected at a secondary care facility, Kawatana Medical Center, from 2005 to 2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for anti-MRSA antibiotics and molecular testing for SCCmec and virulence genes (tst, sec, etb, lukS/F-PV) were performed. Strains positive for lukS/F-PV were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing and phage open-reading frame typing. SCCmec typing in skin and soft tissue isolates revealed that 65.6% had type IV, 22.2% had type II, 8.9% had type I, and 3.3% had type III. In blood isolates, 50.0% had type IV, 47.4% had type II, and 2.6% had type III. Minimum inhibitory concentrations, MIC(50)/MIC(90), against vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and arbekacin increased slightly in SCCmec II isolates from skin and soft tissue. MICs against daptomycin were similar between sites of isolation. SCCmec type II isolates possess tst and sec genes at a greater frequently than SCCmec type IV isolates. Four lukS/F-PV-positive isolates were divided into two clonal patterns and USA300 was not included. In conclusion, SCCmec type IV was dominant in blood, skin, and soft tissue isolates in a secondary care facility in Japan. Because antimicrobial susceptibility varies with the SCCmec type, SCCmec typing of clinical isolates should be monitored in primary or secondary care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Kimura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Morinaga
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Akamatsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsuda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamaryo
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawakami
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuo
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kosai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Uno
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroo Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Inomata S, Yano H, Tokuda K, Kanamori H, Endo S, Ishizawa C, Ogawa M, Ichimura S, Shimojima M, Kakuta R, Ozawa D, Aoyagi T, Gu Y, Hatta M, Oshima K, Nakashima K, Kaku M. Microbiological and molecular epidemiological analyses of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2015; 21:729-36. [PMID: 26271590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is generally conducted referred to staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV or V. CA-MRSA is now a cause of concern since such strains have been isolated not only from individuals in a community but also from patients in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to analyze microbiological and molecular epidemiological features of CA-MRSA strains at a Japanese tertiary care hospital using PCR based-open reading frame typing (POT). This technique allows for molecular classification into CA-MRSA (POT-CA) and hospital-associated (HA-) MRSA (POT-HA) with clonal discrimination. Clinical MRSA isolates obtained from consecutive patients between October 1, 2012 and September 30, 2013 at the hospital were analyzed in combination with the clinical definition for CA-MRSA by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and POT. Of 219 isolates (76 clonal groups), 64 (29.3%) were clinical-HA/POT-CA isolates (22 clonal groups). Some clones of them accumulated in this hospital and might be involved in nosocomial transmission. Virulent factors of the isolates were analyzed, and only one (1.6%) Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene positive isolate but no arginine catabolic mobile element genes positive isolate were found in clinical-HA/POT-CA. Additionally, clinical-HA/POT-CA isolates showed higher antimicrobial susceptibility than clinical-HA/POT-HA, especially to minocycline, doxycycline, and amikacin. The most frequent genotype of molecular CA-MRSA was multi-locus sequence type 5-SCCmecIV, previously not detected in Japan. Although CA-MRSA at this hospital showed low virulence and higher antimicrobial susceptibility, the risk of nosocomial infection from them should be recognized, requiring stricter infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Inomata
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Hisakazu Yano
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijouchou, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuda
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan; Infection Control Unit, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hajime Kanamori
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shiro Endo
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan; Infection Control Unit, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chiyuki Ishizawa
- Infection Control Unit, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Miho Ogawa
- Department of Bacteriology, BML Inc., 1360-1, Matoba, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Ichimura
- Department of Bacteriology, BML Inc., 1360-1, Matoba, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shimojima
- Department of Bacteriology, BML Inc., 1360-1, Matoba, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
| | - Risako Kakuta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Daiki Ozawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Aoyagi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Gu
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masumitsu Hatta
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kengo Oshima
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nakashima
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kaku
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryoumachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
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22
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Takahashi H, Seki M, Yamamoto N, Hamaguchi S, Ojima M, Hirose T, Yoshiya K, Toyokawa M, Nishi I, Ogura H, Shimazu T, Tomono K. Validation of a phage-open reading frame typing kit for rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission in a tertiary hospital. Infect Drug Resist 2015; 8:107-11. [PMID: 25999746 PMCID: PMC4437523 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s83509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance is very important to prevent the nosocomial spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and infection sources and routes have historically been identified using molecular and epidemiological genotyping with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. However, phage-open reading frame typing (POT) has recently been developed. Here, we investigated whether POT would be useful to survey MRSA outbreaks and transmission. We therefore applied POT to 91 MRSA isolates detected in cultures from inpatients at our hospital between May and October 2014. Among the 91 isolates, 12 POT types comprising 38 isolated MRSA strains were considered as overlapping. Five of them were detected in different wards, whereas the remaining seven were found in the same ward, including the emergency department. Three of seven POT number 93-155-111 strains were detected in the surgical ward, and all of four POT number 93-157-61 strains were detected in the cardiosurgical ward. These data suggested that transmission of the MRSA strains with the same POT-types from the same wards was nosocomial, and that POT accurately and rapidly identified MRSA strains, which allowed effective control of infection and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan ; Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Norihisa Yamamoto
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeto Hamaguchi
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ojima
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshiya
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toyokawa
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Nishi
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimazu
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tomono
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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23
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New PCR-based open reading frame typing method for easy, rapid, and reliable identification of Acinetobacter baumannii international epidemic clones without performing multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:2925-32. [PMID: 24899031 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01064-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance issues have become a global health concern. The rapid identification of multidrug-resistant microbes, which depends on microbial genomic information, is essential for overcoming growing antimicrobial resistance challenges. However, genotyping methods, such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST), for identifying international epidemic clones of Acinetobacter baumannii are not easily performed as routine tests in ordinary clinical laboratories. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel genotyping method that can be performed in ordinary microbiology laboratories. Several open reading frames (ORFs) specific to certain bacterial genetic lineages or species, together with their unique distribution patterns on the chromosomes showing a good correlation with the results of MLST, were selected in A. baumannii and other Acinetobacter spp. by comparing their genomic data. The distribution patterns of the ORFs were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis after multiplex PCR amplification and digitized. A. baumannii sequence types (STs) corresponding to international clones I and II were successfully discriminated from other STs and Acinetobacter species by detecting the distribution patterns of their ORFs using the multiplex PCR developed here. Since bacterial STs can be easily expressed as digitized numeric data with plus (+) expressed as 1 and minus (-) expressed as 0, the results of the method can be easily compared with those obtained by different tests or laboratories. This PCR-based ORF typing (POT) method can easily and rapidly identify international epidemic clones of A. baumannii and differentiate this microbe from other Acinetobacter spp. Since this POT method is easy enough to be performed even in ordinary clinical laboratories, it would also contribute to daily infection control measures and surveillance.
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24
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Cicconi-Hogan K, Belomestnykh N, Gamroth M, Ruegg P, Tikofsky L, Schukken Y. Short communication: Prevalence of methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bulk milk on organic and conventional dairy farms in the United States. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:2959-64. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Comparison between phage-open-reading frame typing and automated repetitive-sequence-based PCR for typing MRSA isolates. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 67:565-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Chaffin DO, Taylor D, Skerrett SJ, Rubens CE. Changes in the Staphylococcus aureus transcriptome during early adaptation to the lung. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41329. [PMID: 22876285 PMCID: PMC3410880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common inhabitant of the human nasopharynx. It is also a cause of life-threatening illness, producing a potent array of virulence factors that enable survival in normally sterile sites. The transformation of S. aureus from commensal to pathogen is poorly understood. We analyzed S. aureus gene expression during adaptation to the lung using a mouse model of S. aureus pneumonia. Bacteria were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage after residence in vivo for up to 6 hours. S. aureus in vivo RNA transcription was compared by microarray to that of shake flask grown stationary phase and early exponential phase cells. Compared to in vitro conditions, the in vivo transcriptome was dramatically altered within 30 minutes. Expression of central metabolic pathways changed significantly in response to the lung environment. Gluconeogenesis (fbs, pckA) was down regulated, as was TCA cycle and fermentation pathway gene expression. Genes associated with amino acid synthesis, RNA translation and nitrate respiration were upregulated, indicative of a highly active metabolic state during the first 6 hours in the lung. Virulence factors regulated by agr were down regulated in vivo and in early exponential phase compared to stationary phase cells. Over time in vivo, expression of ahpCF, involved in H2O2 scavenging, and uspA, which encodes a universal stress regulator, increased. Transcription of leukotoxic α and β-type phenol-soluble modulins psmα1-4 and psmβ1-2 increased 13 and 8-fold respectively; hld mRNA, encoding δ-hemolysin, was increased 9-fold. These were the only toxins to be significantly upregulated in vivo. These data provide the first complete survey of the S. aureus transcriptome response to the mammalian airway. The results present intriguing contrasts with previous work in other in vitro and in vivo models and provide novel insights into the adaptive and temporal response of S. aureus early in the pathogenesis of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald O. Chaffin
- Seattle Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Destry Taylor
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shawn J. Skerrett
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Craig E. Rubens
- Seattle Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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27
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Genotyping of skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI)-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains among outpatients in a teaching hospital in Japan: application of a phage-open reading frame typing (POT) kit. J Infect Chemother 2012; 18:906-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s10156-012-0506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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