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Ebrahimi-Zarandi M, Saberi Riseh R, Tarkka MT. Actinobacteria as Effective Biocontrol Agents against Plant Pathogens, an Overview on Their Role in Eliciting Plant Defense. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091739. [PMID: 36144341 PMCID: PMC9500821 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen suppression and induced systemic resistance are suitable alternative biocontrol strategies for integrated plant disease management and potentially comprise a sustainable alternative to agrochemicals. The use of Actinobacteria as biocontrol agents is accepted in practical sustainable agriculture, and a short overview on the plant-beneficial members of this phylum and recent updates on their biocontrol efficacies are the two topics of this review. Actinobacteria include a large portion of microbial rhizosphere communities and colonizers of plant tissues that not only produce pest-antagonistic secondary metabolites and enzymes but also stimulate plant growth. Non-pathogenic Actinobacteria can also induce systemic resistance against pathogens, but the mechanisms are still poorly described. In the absence of a pathogen, a mild defense response is elicited under jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling that involves pathogenesis-related proteins and secondary plant metabolites. Priming response partly includes the same compounds as the response to a sole actinobacterium, and the additional involvement of ethylene signaling has been suggested. Recent amplicon sequencing studies on bacterial communities suggest that future work may reveal how biocontrol active strains of Actinobacteria can be enriched in plant rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ebrahimi-Zarandi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7618411764, Iran
| | - Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
- Correspondence: (R.S.R.); (M.T.T.)
| | - Mika T. Tarkka
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.S.R.); (M.T.T.)
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Antibacterial Activity of a Novel Oligosaccharide from Streptomyces californics against Erwinia carotovora subsp. Carotovora. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082384. [PMID: 35458585 PMCID: PMC9032947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to characterize and predict models for antibacterial activity of a novel oligosaccharide from Streptomyces californics against Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system and an artificial neural network. The mathematical predication models were used to determine the optimal conditions to produce oligosaccharide and determine the relationship between the factors (pH, temperature, and time). The characteristics of the purified antibacterial agent were determined using ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV/Vis), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H- and 13C-NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The best performances for the model were 39.45 and 35.16 recorded at epoch 1 for E. carotovora Erw5 and E. carotovora EMCC 1687, respectively. The coefficient (R2) of the training was more than 0.90. The highest antimicrobial production was recorded after 9 days at 25 °C and a pH of 6.2, at which more than 17 mm of the inhibition zone was obtained. The mass spectrum of antimicrobial agent (peak at R.T. = 3.433 of fraction 6) recorded two molecular ion peaks at m/z = 703.70 and m/z = 338.30, corresponding to molecular weights of 703.70 and 338.30 g/mol, respectively. The two molecular ion peaks matched well with the molecular formulas C29H53NO18 and C14H26O9, respectively, which were obtained from the elemental analysis result. A novel oligosaccharide from Streptomyces californics with potential activity against E. carotovora EMCC 1687 and E. carotovora Erw5 was successfully isolated, purified, and characterized.
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Padilla-Gálvez N, Luengo-Uribe P, Mancilla S, Maurin A, Torres C, Ruiz P, France A, Acuña I, Urrutia H. Antagonistic activity of endophytic actinobacteria from native potatoes (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum L.) against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:335. [PMID: 34876006 PMCID: PMC8650274 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The native potatoes (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum L.) grown in Chile (Chiloé) represent a new, unexplored source of endophytes to find potential biological control agents for the prevention of bacterial diseases, like blackleg and soft rot, in potato crops. RESULT The objective of this study was the selection of endophytic actinobacteria from native potatoes for antagonistic activity against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum, and their potential to suppress tissue maceration symptoms in potato tubers. This potential was determined through the quorum quenching activity using a Chromobacterium violaceaum ATCC 12472 Wild type (WT) bioassay and its colonization behavior of the potato plant root system (S. tuberosum) by means of the Double labeling of oligonucleotide probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (DOPE-FISH) targeting technique. The results showed that although Streptomyces sp. TP199 and Streptomyces sp. A2R31 were able to inhibit the growth of the pathogens, only the Streptomyces sp. TP199 isolate inhibited Pectobacterium sp. growth and diminished tissue maceration in tubers (p ≤ 0.05). Streptomyces sp. TP199 had metal-dependent acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) quorum quenching activity in vitro and was able to colonize the root endosphere 10 days after inoculation. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that native potatoes from southern Chile possess endophyte actinobacteria that are potential agents for the disease management of soft rot and blackleg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Padilla-Gálvez
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Paola Luengo-Uribe
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sandra Mancilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue. Ruta 5 Norte Km 8-, Osorno, Región de Los Lagos, Chile
| | - Amandine Maurin
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia Torres
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pamela Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Autopista Concepción Talcahuano # 7100, 4300866, Talcahuano, Chile
| | - Andrés France
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Quilamapu, Región de Ñuble, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ivette Acuña
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue. Ruta 5 Norte Km 8-, Osorno, Región de Los Lagos, Chile
| | - Homero Urrutia
- Laboratorio de Biopelículas y Microbiología Ambiental, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box: 160 C, Concepción, Chile.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Kurokawa M, Nakano M, Kitahata N, Kuchitsu K, Furuya T. An efficient direct screening system for microorganisms that activate plant immune responses based on plant-microbe interactions using cultured plant cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7396. [PMID: 33795728 PMCID: PMC8016971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms that activate plant immune responses have attracted considerable attention as potential biocontrol agents in agriculture because they could reduce agrochemical use. However, conventional methods to screen for such microorganisms using whole plants and pathogens are generally laborious and time consuming. Here, we describe a general strategy using cultured plant cells to identify microorganisms that activate plant defense responses based on plant-microbe interactions. Microbial cells were incubated with tobacco BY-2 cells, followed by treatment with cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor of tobacco immune responses secreted by an oomycete. Cryptogein-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BY-2 cells served as a marker to evaluate the potential of microorganisms to activate plant defense responses. Twenty-nine bacterial strains isolated from the interior of Brassica rapa var. perviridis plants were screened, and 8 strains that enhanced cryptogein-induced ROS production in BY-2 cells were selected. Following application of these strains to the root tip of Arabidopsis seedlings, two strains, Delftia sp. BR1R-2 and Arthrobacter sp. BR2S-6, were found to induce whole-plant resistance to bacterial pathogens (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Pectobacterium carotovora subsp. carotovora NBRC 14082). Pathogen-induced expression of plant defense-related genes (PR-1, PR-5, and PDF1.2) was enhanced by the pretreatment with strain BR1R-2. This cell-cell interaction-based platform is readily applicable to large-scale screening for microorganisms that enhance plant defense responses under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kurokawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kitahata
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiki Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Plant Cell Cultures as a Tool to Study Programmed Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042166. [PMID: 33671566 PMCID: PMC7926860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled suicide process present in all living beings with the scope of eliminating cells unnecessary or detrimental for the proper development of the organism. In plants, PCD plays a pivotal role in many developmental processes such as sex determination, senescence, and aerenchyma formation and is involved in the defense responses against abiotic and biotic stresses. Thus, its study is a main goal for plant scientists. However, since PCD often occurs in a small group of inaccessible cells buried in a bulk of surrounding uninvolved cells, its study in whole plant or complex tissues is very difficult. Due to their uniformity, accessibility, and reproducibility of application of stress conditions, cultured cells appear a useful tool to investigate the different aspects of plant PCD. In this review, we summarize how plant cell cultures can be utilized to clarify the plant PCD process.
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Liao Y, Cui R, Xu X, Cheng Q, Li X. Jasmonic Acid- and Ethylene-Induced Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase Stimulates Marssonina brunnea Defense in Poplar. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 61:2031-2042. [PMID: 32946565 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial processes are implicated in plant response to biotic stress caused by viruses, actinomyces, bacteria and pests, but their function in defense against fungal invasion remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role and regulation of mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) in response to black spot disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Marssonina brunnea in poplar. M. brunnea inoculation induced the transcription of the AOX1a gene in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) biosynthetic genes, with the accumulation of these phytohormones in poplar leaf, while inhibiting the transcript amount of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene (COX6b) and genes related to salicylic acid (SA). Enhanced AOX reduced poplar susceptibility to M. brunnea with a higher ATP/ADP ratio while the repressed AOX caused the reverse effect. Exogenous JA and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, a biosynthetic precursor of ET) inhibited the transcript amount of COX6b and consequently increased the ratio of AOX pathway to total respiration. Furthermore, the transcription of CYS C1 and CYS D1 genes catalyzing cyanide metabolism was induced, while the cysteine (CYS) substrate levels reduced upon M. brunnea inoculation; exogenous JA and ACC mimicked the effect of M. brunnea infection on cysteine. Exogenous SA enhanced, while JA and ACC reduced, poplar susceptibility to M. brunnea. Moreover, inhibiting AOX completely prohibited JA- and ET-increased tolerance to M. brunnea in poplar. These observations indicate that the JA- and ET-induced mitochondrial AOX pathway triggers defense against M. brunnea in poplar. This effect probably involves cyanide. These findings deepen our understanding of plant-pathogenic fungi interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangwenke Liao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Rongrong Cui
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
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Montanha GS, Rodrigues ES, Marques JPR, de Almeida E, Dos Reis AR, Pereira de Carvalho HW. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) applied to plant science: challenges towards in vivo analysis of plants. Metallomics 2020; 12:183-192. [PMID: 31793600 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00237e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) is an analytical tool used to determine the elemental composition in a myriad of sample matrices. Due to the XRF non-destructive feature, this technique may allow time-resolved plant tissue analyses under in vivo conditions, and additionally, the combination with other non-destructive techniques. In this study, we employed handheld and benchtop XRF to evaluate the elemental distribution changes in living plant tissues exposed to X-rays, as well as real-time uptake kinetics of Zn(aq) and Mn(aq) in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) stem and leaves, for 48 hours, combined with transpiration rate assessment on leaves by an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). We found higher Zn content than Mn in stems. The latter micronutrient, in turn, presented higher concentration in leaf veins. Besides, both micronutrients were more concentrated in the first trifolium (i.e., youngest leaf) of soybean plants. Moreover, the transpiration rate was more influenced by circadian cycles than Zn and Mn uptake. Thus, XRF represents a convenient tool for in vivo nutritional studies in plants, and it can be coupled successfully to other analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Sgarbiero Montanha
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416000, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Santos Rodrigues
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416000, Brazil.
| | - João Paulo Rodrigues Marques
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416000, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo de Almeida
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416000, Brazil.
| | | | - Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416000, Brazil.
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Romano-Armada N, Yañez-Yazlle MF, Irazusta VP, Rajal VB, Moraga NB. Potential of Bioremediation and PGP Traits in Streptomyces as Strategies for Bio-Reclamation of Salt-Affected Soils for Agriculture. Pathogens 2020; 9:E117. [PMID: 32069867 PMCID: PMC7169405 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9020117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental limitations influence food production and distribution, adding up to global problems like world hunger. Conditions caused by climate change require global efforts to be improved, but others like soil degradation demand local management. For many years, saline soils were not a problem; indeed, natural salinity shaped different biomes around the world. However, overall saline soils present adverse conditions for plant growth, which then translate into limitations for agriculture. Shortage on the surface of productive land, either due to depletion of arable land or to soil degradation, represents a threat to the growing worldwide population. Hence, the need to use degraded land leads scientists to think of recovery alternatives. In the case of salt-affected soils (naturally occurring or human-made), which are traditionally washed or amended with calcium salts, bio-reclamation via microbiome presents itself as an innovative and environmentally friendly option. Due to their low pathogenicity, endurance to adverse environmental conditions, and production of a wide variety of secondary metabolic compounds, members of the genus Streptomyces are good candidates for bio-reclamation of salt-affected soils. Thus, plant growth promotion and soil bioremediation strategies combine to overcome biotic and abiotic stressors, providing green management options for agriculture in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neli Romano-Armada
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; (N.R.-A.); (M.F.Y.-Y.); (V.P.I.); (N.B.M.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería, UNSa, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Yañez-Yazlle
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; (N.R.-A.); (M.F.Y.-Y.); (V.P.I.); (N.B.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, UNSa, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Verónica P. Irazusta
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; (N.R.-A.); (M.F.Y.-Y.); (V.P.I.); (N.B.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, UNSa, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Verónica B. Rajal
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; (N.R.-A.); (M.F.Y.-Y.); (V.P.I.); (N.B.M.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería, UNSa, Salta 4400, Argentina
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Norma B. Moraga
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; (N.R.-A.); (M.F.Y.-Y.); (V.P.I.); (N.B.M.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería, UNSa, Salta 4400, Argentina
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Biological control of the soft rot bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Ar10 producing glycolipid-like compounds. Microbiol Res 2018; 217:23-33. [PMID: 30384906 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four hundred and fifty bacteria were evaluated for antagonistic activity against bacterial soft rot of potato caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum sp strain II16. A strain Ar10 exhibiting potent antagonist activity has been identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the basis of biochemical and molecular characterization. Cell free supernatant showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against human and phytopathogenic bacteria in the range of 10-60 AU/mL. Incubation of P. carotovorum cells with increasing concentrations of the antibacterial compound showed a killing rate of 94.8 and 96% at MIC and 2xMIC respectively. In addition, the antibacterial agent did not exert haemolytic activity at the active concentration and has been preliminary characterized by TLC and GC-MS as a glycolipid compound. Treatment of potato tubers with strain Ar10 for 72 h significantly reduced the severity of disease symptoms (100 and 85.05% reduction of necrosis deep / area and weight loss respectively). The same levels in disease symptoms severity was also recorded following treatment of potato tubers with cell free supernatant for 1 h. Data suggest that protection against potato soft rot disease may be related to glycolipid production by strain Ar10. The present study affords new alternatives for anti-Pectobacterium carotovorum bioactive compounds against the soft rot disease of potato.
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Schoina C, Bouwmeester K, Govers F. Infection of a tomato cell culture by Phytophthora infestans; a versatile tool to study Phytophthora-host interactions. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:88. [PMID: 29090012 PMCID: PMC5657071 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oomycete Phytophthora infestans causes late blight on potato and tomato. Despite extensive research, the P. infestans-host interaction is still poorly understood. To find new ways to further unravel this interaction we established a new infection system using MsK8 tomato cells. These cells grow in suspension and can be maintained as a stable cell line that is representative for tomato. RESULTS MsK8 cells can host several Phytophthora species pathogenic on tomato. Species not pathogenic on tomato could not infect. Microscopy revealed that 16 h after inoculation up to 36% of the cells were infected. The majority were penetrated by a germ tube emerging from a cyst (i.e. primary infection) while other cells were already showing secondary infections including haustoria. In incompatible interactions, MsK8 cells showed defense responses, namely reactive oxygen species production and cell death leading to a halt in pathogen spread at the single cell level. In compatible interactions, several P. infestans genes, including RXLR effector genes, were expressed and in both, compatible and incompatible interactions tomato genes involved in defense were differentially expressed. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that P. infestans can prosper as a pathogen in MsK8 cells; it not only infects, but also makes haustoria and sporulates, and it receives signals that activate gene expression. Moreover, MsK8 cells have the ability to support pathogen growth but also to defend themselves against infection in a similar way as whole plants. An advantage of MsK8 cells compared to leaves is the more synchronized infection, as all cells have an equal chance of being infected. Moreover, analyses and sampling of infected tissue can be performed in a non-destructive manner from early time points of infection onwards and as such the MsK8 infection system offers a potential platform for large-scale omics studies and activity screenings of inhibitory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Schoina
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francine Govers
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Zhang X, Tang X, Wang M, Zhang W, Zhou B, Wang Y. ROS and calcium signaling mediated pathways involved in stress responses of the marine microalgae Dunaliella salina to enhanced UV-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mohamed KH, Daniel T, Aurélien D, El-Maarouf-Bouteau H, Rafik E, Arbelet-Bonnin D, Biligui B, Florence V, Mustapha EM, François B. Deciphering the dual effect of lipopolysaccharides from plant pathogenic Pectobacterium. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1000160. [PMID: 25760034 PMCID: PMC4622587 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2014.1000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are a component of the outer cell surface of almost all Gram-negative bacteria and play an essential role for bacterial growth and survival. Lipopolysaccharides represent typical microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecules and have been reported to induce defense-related responses, including the expression of defense genes and the suppression of the hypersensitive response in plants. However, depending on their origin and the challenged plant, LPS were shown to have complex and different roles. In this study we showed that LPS from plant pathogens Pectobacterium atrosepticum and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum induce common and different responses in A. thaliana cells when compared to those induced by LPS from non-phytopathogens Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among common responses to both types of LPS are the transcription of defense genes and their ability to limit of cell death induced by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp carotovorum. However, the differential kinetics and amplitude in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation seemed to regulate defense gene transcription and be determinant to induce programmed cell death in response to LPS from the plant pathogenic Pectobacterium. These data suggest that different signaling pathways could be activated by LPS in A. thaliana cells.
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Key Words
- AD, actinomycin D
- Chx, cycloheximide
- DPI, diphenylene iodonium
- EB, Evans Blue
- ETI, effector-triggered immunity
- HR, hypersensitive response
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- MAMP, microbe associated molecular pattern
- OPS, O-polysaccharide part
- PAMP, pathogen- associated molecular pattern
- PCD, programmed cell death
- PTI, PAMP triggered immunity
- Pa, Pectobacterium atrosepticum
- Pcc, Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum
- Pectobacterium spp
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Tiron, sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate
- defense responses
- lipopolysaccharides
- programmed cell death
- reactive oxygen species
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Affiliation(s)
- Kettani-Halabi Mohamed
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7; Institut des Energies de Demain (UMR8236); Paris, France
- LVHM–Université Hassan II Mohammedia – Casabalanca; FSTM, Maroc
| | - Tran Daniel
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7; Institut des Energies de Demain (UMR8236); Paris, France
| | - Dauphin Aurélien
- UPMC UMR-S975; Inserm U975; CNRS UMR 7225 Plateforme d'Imagerie cellulaire Pitié-Salpêtrière; GH Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris, France
| | | | - Errakhi Rafik
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7; Institut des Energies de Demain (UMR8236); Paris, France
| | | | - Bernadette Biligui
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7; Institut des Energies de Demain (UMR8236); Paris, France
| | | | | | - Bouteau François
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7; Institut des Energies de Demain (UMR8236); Paris, France
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13
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Karthik L, Kumar G, Kirthi AV, Rahuman AA, Bhaskara Rao KV. Streptomyces sp. LK3 mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its biomedical application. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:261-7. [PMID: 23771163 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-0994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the marine actinobacteria mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was achieved using Streptomyces sp LK3. The synthesized AgNps showed the characteristic absorption spectra in UV-vis at 420 nm, which confirmed the presence of nanoparticles. XRD analysis showed intense peaks at 2θ values of 27.51°, 31.87°, 45.57°, 56.56°, 66.26°, and 75.25° corresponding to (210), (113), (124), (240), (226), and (300) Bragg's reflection based on the fcc structure of AgNps. The FTIR spectra exhibited prominent peaks at 3,417 cm(-1) (OH stretching due to alcoholic group) and 1,578 cm(-1) (C=C ring stretching). TEM micrograph showed that the synthesized AgNps were spherical in shape with an average size of 5 nm. Surface morphology and topographical structure of the synthesized AgNps were dignified by AFM. The synthesized AgNps showed significant acaricidal activity against Rhipicephalus microplus and Haemaphysalis bispinosa with LC50 values of 16.10 and 16.45 mg/L, respectively. Our results clearly indicate that AgNps could provide a safer alternative to conventional acaricidal agents in the form of a topical antiparasitic formulation. The present study aimed to develop a novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly actinobacteria mediated synthesis of AgNps and its antiparasitic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Karthik
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
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