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Zhang G, Li B, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Cheng D, Wang F, Wei Z, Mao N, Wang S, Liu X, Sun Y. Biodegradation of humic acids by Streptomyces rochei to promote the growth and yield of corn. Microbiol Res 2024; 286:127826. [PMID: 38964074 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Humic acids (HAs) are organic macromolecules that play an important role in improving soil properties, plant growth and agronomic parameters. However, the feature of relatively complex aromatic structure makes it difficult to be degraded, which restricts the promotion to the crop growth. Thus, exploring microorganisms capable of degrading HAs may be a potential solution. Here, a HAs-degrading strain, Streptomyces rochei L1, and its potential for biodegradation was studied by genomics, transcriptomics, and targeted metabolomics analytical approaches. The results showed that the high molecular weight HAs were cleaved to low molecular aliphatic and aromatic compounds and their derivatives. This cleavage may be associated with the laccase (KatE). In addition, the polysaccharide deacetylase (PdgA) catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from specific sites on the HAs molecule, resulting in structural changes. The field experiment showed that the degraded HAs significantly promote the growth of corn seedlings and increase the corn yield by 3.6 %. The HAs-degrading products, including aromatic and low molecular weight aliphatic substances as well as secondary metabolites from S. rochei L1, might be the key components responsible for the corn promotion. Our findings will advance the application of HAs as soil nutrients for the green and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Baolei Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Dujuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Ziyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Ning Mao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Yanmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Wang Y, Luo CB, Li YQ. Biofuneling lignin-derived compounds into lipids using a newly isolated Citricoccus sp. P2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129669. [PMID: 37573985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin-derived compounds (LDCs) bioconversion into lipids is a promising yet challenging task. This study focuses on the isolation of the ligninolytic bacterium Citricoccus sp. P2 and investigates its mechanism for producing lipids from LDCs. Although strain P2 exhibits a relatively low lignin degradation rate of 44.63%, it efficiently degrades various concentrations of LDCs. The highest degradation rate is observed when incubated with 0.6 g/L vanillic acid, 0.6 g/L syringic acid, 0.8 g/L p-coumaric acid, and 0.4 g/L phenol, resulting in respective lipid yields of 0.16 g/L, 0.13 g/L, 0.24 g/L, and 0.13 g/L. The genome of strain P2 provides insights into LDCs bioconversion into lipids and stress tolerance. Moreover, Citricoccus sp. P2 has been successfully developed a non-sterilized lipid production using its native alkali-halophilic characteristics, which significantly enhances the lipid yield. This study presents a promising platform for lipids production from LDCs and has potential to promote valorization of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Chao-Bing Luo
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yuan-Qiu Li
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China.
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3
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Singh AK, Iqbal HMN, Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Fern'andez-Lucas J, Schmidt JE, Jesionowski T, Bilal M. Structural insights, biocatalytic characteristics, and application prospects of lignin-modifying enzymes for sustainable biotechnology-A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124968. [PMID: 37217044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignin modifying enzymes (LMEs) have gained widespread recognition in depolymerization of lignin polymers by oxidative cleavage. LMEs are a robust class of biocatalysts that include lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), versatile peroxidase (VP), laccase (LAC), and dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP). Members of the LMEs family act on phenolic, non-phenolic substrates and have been widely researched for valorization of lignin, oxidative cleavage of xenobiotics and phenolics. LMEs implementation in the biotechnological and industrial sectors has sparked significant attention, although its potential future applications remain underexploited. To understand the mechanism of LMEs in sustainable pollution mitigation, several studies have been undertaken to assess the feasibility of LMEs in correlating to diverse pollutants for binding and intermolecular interactions at the molecular level. However, further investigation is required to fully comprehend the underlying mechanism. In this review we presented the key structural and functional features of LMEs, including the computational aspects, as well as the advanced applications in biotechnology and industrial research. Furthermore, concluding remarks and a look ahead, the use of LMEs coupled with computational frameworks, built upon artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), has been emphasized as a recent milestone in environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jesús Fern'andez-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanizaci'on El Bosque, 28670 Villaviciosa de Od'on, Spain; Grupo de Investigaci'on en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, 080002 Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Jens Ejbye Schmidt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
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An X, Li N, Zhang S, Han Y, Zhang Q. Integration of proteome and metabolome profiling to reveal heat stress response and tolerance mechanisms of Serratia sp. AXJ-M for the bioremediation of papermaking black liquor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 450:131092. [PMID: 36857821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of thermophilic bacteria for treating paper black liquor seems to be an efficient bioremediation strategy. In our previous work, the lignin-degrading bacterium Serratia sp. AXJ-M exhibited excellent heat tolerance ability. However, the molecular mechanism of its response to heat stress is unknown. Therefore, the heat stress response of AXJ-M was investigated using morphological and analytical methods. A comparative genomics analysis revealed interesting insights into the adaptability of the genetic basis of AXJ-M to harsh environments. Moreover, TMT quantitative proteomic analysis and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays revealed that proteins related to both component systems, ABC transporters, carbohydrate, and amino metabolism, energy metabolism, etc., were differentially expressed. The non-targeted metabolome analysis revealed that the metabolic pathways associated with the fatty acid and amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, together with the TCA cycle were most significantly enriched. Furthermore, integrated omics suggested that AXJ-M made metabolic adaptations to compensate for the increased energy demand caused by adverse environmental stimuli. The dominant heat regulator HspQ mediated heat adaptation of AXJ-M at high temperatures and modulated DyP expression. To summarize, the present study sheds light on the effect of high temperature on the lignin-degrading bacterium and its tolerance and underlying regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Ningjian Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Shulin Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Yanyan Han
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
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5
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Jain D, Navariya JK, Bhojiya AA, Singh A, Mohanty SR, Upadhyay SK. Bioprospecting of novel ligninolytic bacteria for effective bioremediation of agricultural by-product and synthetic pollutant dyes. Microbiol Res 2023; 270:127330. [PMID: 36848699 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a significant renewable carbon source that needs to be exploited to manufacture bio-ethanol and chemical feedstocks. Lignin mimicking methylene blue (MB) dye is widely used in industries and causes water pollution. Using kraft lignin, methylene blue, and guaiacol as a full carbon source, 27 lignin-degrading bacteria (LDB) were isolated from 12 distinct traditional organic manures for the current investigation. The ligninolytic potential of 27 lignin-degrading bacteria was assessed by qualitative and quantitative assay. In a qualitative plate assay, the LDB-25 strain produced the largest zone, measuring 6.32 ± 0.297, on MSM-L-kraft lignin plates, while the LDB-23 strain produced the largest zone, measuring 3.44 ± 0.413, on MSM-L-Guaiacol plates. The LDB-9 strain in MSM-L-kraft lignin broth was able to decolorize lignin to a maximum of 38.327 ± 0.011% in a quantitative lignin degradation assay, which was later verified by FTIR assay. In contrast, LDB-20 produced the highest decolorization (49.633 ± 0.017%) in the MSM-L-Methylene blue broth. The highest manganese peroxidase enzyme activity, measuring 6322.314 ± 0.034 U L-1, was found in the LDB-25 strain, while the highest laccase enzyme activity, measuring 1.5105 ± 0.017 U L-1, was found in the LDB-23 strain. A preliminary examination into the biodegradation of rice straw using effective LDB was carried out, and efficient lignin-degrading bacteria were identified using 16SrDNA sequencing. SEM investigations also supported lignin degradation. LDB-8 strain had the highest percentage of lignin degradation (52.86%), followed by LDB-25, LDB-20, and LDB-9. These lignin-degrading bacteria have the ability to significantly reduce lignin and lignin-analog environmental contaminants, therefore they can be further researched for effective bio-waste management mediated breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Jain
- All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313001, India.
| | - Jitendra Kumar Navariya
- All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Ali Asger Bhojiya
- All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313001, India; Faculty of Science, US Ostwal Science, Arts and Commerce College, Mangalwad, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan 302024, India
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India
| | - Santosh Ranjan Mohanty
- All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity-Biofertilizers, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462038, India
| | - Sudhir K Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India.
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Ambika, Kumar V, Chandra D, Thakur V, Sharma U, Singh D. Depolymerization of lignin using laccase from Bacillus sp. PCH94 for production of valuable chemicals: A sustainable approach for lignin valorization. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123601. [PMID: 36775222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature, and its depolymerization offers excellent opportunities to develop renewable aromatic chemicals. In the present study, Bacillus sp. PCH94 was investigated for laccase production and lignin depolymerization. Maximum production of laccase enzyme was achieved within 6.0 h at 50 °C on a natural lignocellulosic substrate. Furthermore, Bacillus sp. PCH94 was used to bioconvert lignin dimeric and polymeric substrates, validated using FT-IR, NMR (1H, 13C), and LCMS. Genome mining of Bacillus sp. PCH94 revealed laccase gene (lacBl) as multicopper oxidase (spore coat CotA). Further, lacBl from Bacillus sp. PCH94 was cloned, expressed, and kinetically characterized. LacBl enzyme showed activity for substrates ABTS (40.64 IU/mg), guaiacol (5.43 IU/mg), and DMP (11.93 IU/mg). The LacBl was active in higher temperatures (10 to 100 °C) and showed a half-life of 36 and 27 h at 50 and 60 °C, respectively. The purified LacBl was able to depolymerize kraft lignin into valuable products (ferulic acid and acetovanillone), which have applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Overall, the current study demonstrated the role of bacterial laccase in the depolymerization of lignin and opened a promising prospect for the green production of valuable compounds from recalcitrant lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India.
| | - Devesh Chandra
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
| | - Vikas Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh- 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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An X, Cheng Y, Zang H, Li C. Biodegradation characteristics of lignin in pulping wastewater by the thermophilic Serratia sp. AXJ-M: Performance, genetic background, metabolic pathway and toxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121230. [PMID: 36754200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The key to the efficient removal of pulping wastewater lies in the effective degradation of lignin at high temperature. There is thus an urgent need to seek effective eco-environmental techniques to overcome this environmental limit for lignin degradation. The soil isolate thermophilic Serratia sp. AXJ-M efficiently metabolizes lignin. Nevertheless, the underlying comprehensive molecular mechanism of lignin degradation by thermophilic AXJ-M is poorly understood. Here, strain AXJ-M showed excellent degradation ability toward diverse lignin-related aromatic compounds. Functional genome analysis and RNA-Seq disclosed several traits which in joint consideration suggest a high efficiency of AXJ-M representative to the lignin degradation and environmental adaptation. Multiomics analyses combined with GC-MS revealed seven potential lignin biodegradation pathways. DyP was predicted to be involved in the breakdown of the β-O-4 ether bond, Cα-Cβ bond and Cα oxidation of lignin by prokaryotic expression and gene knockout and complementation. Molecular docking deepens the understanding of the interaction between DyP and lignin. Toxicity assessment experiments clearly indicated that AXJ-M significantly reduced the toxicity of the metabolites. This work expands the knowledge about the degradation mechanism of thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, most importantly, offers a new perspective on potential applications in utilizing this strain in pulping wastewater bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, PR China.
| | - Yi Cheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hailian Zang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Chunyan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
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Cao D, Li ZL, Shi K, Liang B, Zhu Z, Liu W, Nan J, Sun K, Wang AJ. Cathode potential regulates the microbiome assembly and function in electrostimulated bio- dechlorination system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130113. [PMID: 36252407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanism of microbiome assembly and function driven by cathode potential in electro-stimulated microbial reductive dechlorination system remain poorly understood. Here, core microbiome structure, interaction, function and assembly regulating by cathode potential were investigated in a 2,4,6-trichlorophenol bio-dechlorination system. The highest dechlorination rate (24.30 μM/d) was observed under - 0.36 V with phenol as a major end metabolite, while, lower (-0.56 V) or higher (0.04 V or -0.16 V) potentials resulted in 1.3-3.8 times decreased of dechlorination kinetic constant. The lower the cathode potential, the higher the generated CH4, revealing cathode participated in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Taxonomic and functional structure of core microbiome significantly shifted within groups of - 0.36 V and - 0.56 V, with dechlorinators (Desulfitobacterium, Dehalobacter), fermenters (norank_f_Propionibacteriaceae, Dysgonomonas) and methanogen (Methanosarcina) highly enriched, and the more positive interactions between functional genera were found. The lowest number of nodes and links and the highest positive correlations were observed among constructed sub-networks classified by function, revealing simplified and strengthened cooperation of functional genera driven by group of - 0.36 V. Cathode potential plays one important driver controlling core microbiome assembly, and the low potentials drove the assembly of major dechlorinating, methanogenic and electro-active genera to be more deterministic, while, the major fermenting genera were mostly governed by stochastic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Ke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bin Liang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of China Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
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9
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Tan F, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Liu Y. Genomics analysis and degradation characteristics of lignin by Streptomyces thermocarboxydus strain DF3-3. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:78. [PMID: 35831866 PMCID: PMC9277890 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Lignocellulose is an important raw material for biomass-to-energy conversion, and it exhibits a complex but inefficient degradation mechanism. Microbial degradation is promising due to its environmental adaptability and biochemical versatility, but the pathways used by microbes for lignin degradation have not been fully studied. Degradation intermediates and complex metabolic pathways require more study. Results A novel actinomycete DF3-3, with the potential for lignin degradation, was screened and isolated. After morphological and molecular identification, DF3-3 was determined to be Streptomyces thermocarboxydus. The degradation of alkali lignin reached 31% within 15 days. Manganese peroxidase and laccase demonstrated their greatest activity levels, 1821.66 UL−1 and 1265.58 UL−1, respectively, on the sixth day. The highest lignin peroxidase activity was 480.33 UL−1 on the fourth day. A total of 19 lignin degradation intermediates were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), including 9 aromatic compounds. Genome sequencing and annotation identified 107 lignin-degrading enzyme-coding genes containing three core enzymatic systems for lignin depolymerization: laccases, peroxidases and manganese peroxidase. In total, 7 lignin metabolic pathways were predicted. Conclusions Streptomyces thermocarboxydus strain DF3-3 has good lignin degradation ability. Degradation products and genomics analyses of DF3-3 show that it has a relatively complete lignin degradation pathway, including the β-ketoadipate pathway and peripheral reactions, gentisate pathway, anthranilate pathway, homogentisic pathway, and catabolic pathway for resorcinol. Two other pathways, the phenylacetate–CoA pathway and the 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid pathway, are predicted based on genome data alone. This study provides the basis for future characterization of potential biotransformation enzyme systems for biomass energy conversion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02175-1.
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Sutaoney P, Pandya S, Gajarlwar D, Joshi V, Ghosh P. Feasibility and potential of laccase-based enzyme in wastewater treatment through sustainable approach: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:86499-86527. [PMID: 35771325 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide increase in metropolitan cities and rise in industrialization have resulted in the assimilation of hazardous pollutants into the ecosystems. Different physical, chemical and biological techniques have been employed to remove these toxins from water bodies. Several bioprocess applications using microbes and their enzymes are utilized to achieve the goal. Biocatalysts, such as laccases, are employed explicitly to deplete a variety of organic pollutants. However, the degradation of contaminants using biocatalysts has many disadvantages concerning the stability and activity of the enzyme. Hence, they are immobilized on different supports to improve the enzyme kinetics and recyclability. Furthermore, standard wastewater treatment methods are not effective in eliminating all the contaminants. As a result, membrane separation technologies have emerged to overcome the limitations of traditional wastewater treatment methods. Moreover, enzymes immobilized onto these membranes have generated new avenues in wastewater purification technology. This review provides the latest information on laccases from diverse sources, their molecular framework and their mode of action. This report also gives information about various immobilization techniques and the application of membrane bioreactors to eliminate and biotransform hazardous contaminants. In a nutshell, laccases appear to be the most promising biocatalysts for green and cost-efficient wastewater treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sutaoney
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Srishti Pandya
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Devashri Gajarlwar
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Veenu Joshi
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
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Wu X, Amanze C, Wang J, Yu Z, Shen L, Wu X, Li J, Yu R, Liu Y, Zeng W. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermotolerant alkali lignin-degrading bacterium Aneurinibacillus sp. LD3 and its application in food waste composting. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135859. [PMID: 35987270 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate thermotolerant alkali lignin-degrading bacteria and to investigate their degradation characteristics and application in food waste composting. Two thermotolerant alkali lignin-degrading bacteria isolates were identified as Bacillus sp. LD2 (LD2) and a novel species Aneurinibacillus sp. LD3 (LD3). Compared with strain LD2, LD3 had a higher alkali lignin degradation rate (61.28%) and ligninolytic enzyme activities, and the maximum lignin peroxidase, laccase, and manganese peroxidase activities were 3117.25, 1484.5, and 1770.75 U L-1, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that low-molecular-weight compounds such as 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxy acetophenone, vanillic acid, 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl), benzoic acid, and octadecanoic acid were formed in the degradation of alkali lignin by LD3, indicating the cleavage of β-aryl ether, Cα-Cβ bonds, and aromatic rings in lignin. Composting results showed that inoculating LD3 improved the degradation of organic matter by 20.11% and reduced the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio (15.66). Additionally, a higher decrease in the content of lignocellulose was observed in the LD treatment. FTIR and 3D-EEM spectra analysis indicated that inoculating LD3 promoted the decomposition of easily available organic substances and lignocellulose and the formation of aromatic structures and humic acid-like substances. In brief, the thermotolerant lignin-degrading bacterium Aneurinibacillus sp. LD3 is effective in degrading lignin and improving the quality of composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Charles Amanze
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jingshu Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaojing Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Runlan Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Verma P, Tripathi S, Yadav S, Chandra R. Degradation and decolourization potential of ligninolytic enzyme producing Bacillus paramycoides BL2 and Micrococcus luteus BL3 for pulp paper industrial effluent and its toxicity evaluation. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:642. [PMID: 36161364 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to optimize the production of Ligninolytic enzyme for the degradation of complex pollutants present in pulp paper industrial effluent (PPIE). Two ligninolytic enzyme-producing bacterial strains were isolated from PPIE and identified as Bacillus paramycoides strain BL2 (MZ676667) and Micrococcus luteus strains BL3 (MZ676668). The identified bacterial strain Bacillus paramycoides strain BL2 showed optimum production of LiP (4.30 U/ml), MnP (3.38 U/ml) at 72 h of incubation, while laccase (4.43 U/ml) at 96 h of incubation. While, Micrococcus luteus strains BL3 produced maximum LiP (3.98) and MnP (3.85 U/ml) at 96 h of incubation and maximum laccase (3.85 U/ml) at 72 h of incubation, pH 7-8, and temperatures of 30-35 °C. Furthermore, in the presence of glucose (1.0%) and peptone (0.5%) as nutrient sources, the enzyme activity of consortium leads to reduction of lignin (70%), colour (63%) along with COD (71%) and BOD (58%). The pollutants detected in control i.e. 3.6-Dioxa-2,7-disilaoctane, 2-Heptnoic acid,trimethylsilyl ester, 7-Methyldinaphtho [2,1-b,1',2'-d] silole, Hexadeconoic acid, trimethylysilyl ester, Methyl1(Z)-3,3-dipheny.1-4-hexenoale, 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexane,2,2-dimethylpropyl(2Z,6E)-10,11epoxy5,6 Dihyrostigmasterol, acetate were completely diminished. The toxicity of PPIE was reduced up to 75%. Hence, knowledge of this study will be very useful for industrial sector for treatment of complex wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Verma
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Sonam Tripathi
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Sangeeta Yadav
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Ram Chandra
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India.
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Ma L, Wang X, Zhou J, Lü X. Degradation of switchgrass by Bacillus subtilis 1AJ3 and expression of a beta-glycoside hydrolase. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:922371. [PMID: 35966659 PMCID: PMC9374367 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.922371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing demand for carbon neutrality has led to the development of new techniques and modes of low carbon production. The utilization of microbiology to convert low-cost renewable resources into more valuable chemicals is particularly important. Here, we investigated the ability of a cellulolytic bacterium, Bacillus subtilis 1AJ3, in switchgrass lignocellulose degradation. After 5 days of culture with the strain under 37°C, cellulose, xylan, and acid-insoluble lignin degradation rates were 16.13, 14.24, and 13.91%, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) indicated that the lignin and surface of switchgrass were degraded after incubation with the bacterial strain. Strain 1AJ3 can grow well below 60°C, which satisfies the optimum temperature (50°C) condition of most cellulases; subsequent results emphasize that acid-heat incubation conditions increase the reducing sugar content in a wide range of cellulosic biomass degraded by B. subtilis 1AJ3. To obtain more reducing sugars, we focused on β-glycoside hydrolase, which plays an important role in last steps of cellulose degradation to oligosaccharides. A β-glycoside hydrolase (Bgl-16A) was characterized by cloning and expression in Escherichia coli BL21 and further determined to belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) 16 family. The Bgl-16A had an enzymatic activity of 365.29 ± 10.43 U/mg, and the enzyme's mode of action was explained by molecular docking. Moreover, the critical influence on temperature (50°C) of Bgl-16A also explained the high-efficiency degradation of biomass by strain under acid-heat conditions. In terms of potential applications, both the strain and the recombinant enzyme showed that coffee grounds would be a suitable and valuable substrate. This study provides a new understanding of cellulose degradation by B. subtilis 1AJ3 that both the enzyme action mode and optimum temperature limitation by cellulases could impact the degradation. It also gave new sight to unique advantage utilization in the industrial production of green manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ma
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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van Eerde A, Várnai A, Wang Y, Paruch L, Jameson JK, Qiao F, Eiken HG, Su H, Eijsink VGH, Clarke JL. Successful Production and Ligninolytic Activity of a Bacterial Laccase, Lac51, Made in Nicotiana benthamiana via Transient Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:912293. [PMID: 35646038 PMCID: PMC9141054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.912293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Giant panda could have bamboo as their exclusive diet for about 2 million years because of the contribution of numerous enzymes produced by their gut bacteria, for instance laccases. Laccases are blue multi-copper oxidases that catalyze the oxidation of a broad spectrum of phenolic and aromatic compounds with water as the only byproduct. As a "green enzyme," laccases have potential in industrial applications, for example, when dealing with degradation of recalcitrant biopolymers, such as lignin. In the current study, a bacterial laccase, Lac51, originating from Pseudomonas putida and identified in the gut microbiome of the giant panda's gut was transiently expressed in the non-food plant Nicotiana benthamiana and characterized. Our results show that recombinant Lac51 exhibits bacterial laccase properties, with optimal pH and temperature at 7-8 and 40°C, respectively, when using syringaldazine as substrate. Moreover, we demonstrate the functional capability of the plant expressed Lac51 to oxidize lignin using selected lignin monomers that serve as substrates of Lac51. In summary, our study demonstrates the potential of green and non-food plants as a viable enzyme production platform for bacterial laccases. This result enriches our understanding of plant-made enzymes, as, to our knowledge, Lac51 is the first functional recombinant laccase produced in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- André van Eerde
- NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Yanliang Wang
- NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Lisa Paruch
- NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - John-Kristian Jameson
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Fen Qiao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian, China
| | - Hans Geir Eiken
- NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Hang Su
- NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G. H. Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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15
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Khan SI, Zarin A, Ahmed S, Hasan F, Belduz AO, Çanakçi S, Khan S, Badshah M, Farman M, Shah AA. Degradation of lignin by Bacillus altitudinis SL7 isolated from pulp and paper mill effluent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:420-432. [PMID: 35050893 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major by-product of pulp and paper industries, and is resistant to depolymerization due to its heterogeneous structure. Degradation of lignin can be achieved by the use of potential lignin-degrading bacteria. The current study was designed to evaluate the degradation efficiency of newly isolated Bacillus altitudinis SL7 from pulp and paper mill effluent. The degradation efficiency of B. altitudinis SL7 was determined by color reduction, lignin content, and ligninolytic activity from degradation medium supplemented with alkali lignin (3 g/L). B. altitudinis SL7 reduced color and lignin content by 26 and 44%, respectively, on the 5th day of incubation, as evident from the maximum laccase activity. Optimum degradation was observed at 40 °C and pH 8.0. FT-IR spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis confirmed lignin degradation by emergence of the new peaks and identification of low-molecular-weight compounds in treated samples. The identified compounds such as vanillin, 2-methyoxyhenol, 3-methyl phenol, oxalic acid and ferulic acid suggested the degradation of coniferyl and sinapyl groups of lignin. Degradation efficiency of B. altitudinis SL7 towards high lignin concentration under alkaline pH indicated the potential application of this isolate in biological treatment of the lignin-containing effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Islam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail: ; Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Asaf Zarin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Ali Osman Belduz
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Çanakçi
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Farman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
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16
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Fung AHY, Rao S, Ngan WY, Sekoai PT, Touyon L, Ho TM, Wong KP, Habimana O. Exploring the optimization of aerobic food waste digestion efficiency through the engineering of functional biofilm Bio-carriers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125869. [PMID: 34523579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of breaking down cellulose-rich food waste through biofilm engineering was investigated. Six previously isolated strains from naturally degrading fruits and vegetables, screened for biofilm-forming ability and cellulolytic activity, were selected to enrich a biocarrier seeding microbial consortium. The food waste model used in this study was cabbage which was aerobically digested under repeated water rinsing and regular effluent drainage. The engineered biocarrier biofilm's functionality was evaluated by tracing microbial succession following metagenomic sequencing, quantitative PCR, scanning electron microscopy, and cellulolytic activity before and after the digestion processes. The engineered microbial consortium demonstrated superior biofilm-forming ability on biocarriers than the original microbial consortium and generally displayed a higher cellulolytic activity. The presented study provides one of the few studies of food waste aerobic digestion using engineered biofilms. Insights presented in this study could help further optimize aerobic food waste digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aster Hei Yiu Fung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Subramanya Rao
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Yui Ngan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Thabang Sekoai
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lisa Touyon
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Tsoi Man Ho
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwan-Po Wong
- Ecopia (Hong Kong) Co. Limited, Unit 349, 3F, Building 19W, No. 19 Science Park West Ave., Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Olivier Habimana
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Laccase for Lignin Degradation, LacZ1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0135521. [PMID: 34524901 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01355-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is a complex natural organic polymer and is one of the primary components of lignocellulose. The efficient utilization of lignocellulose is limited because it is difficult to degrade lignin. In this study, we screened a lacz1 gene fragment encoding laccase from the macrotranscriptome data of a microbial consortium WSC-6, which can efficiently degrade lignocellulose. The reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results demonstrated that the expression level of the lacz1 gene during the peak period of lignocellulose degradation by WSC-6 increased by 30.63 times compared to the initial degradation period. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that the complete lacz1 gene is derived from a Bacillus sp. and encoded laccase. The corresponding protein, LacZ1, was expressed and purified by Ni-chelating affinity chromatography. The optimum temperature was 75°C, the optimum pH was 4.5, and the highest enzyme activity reached 16.39 U/mg. We found that Cu2+ was an important cofactor needed for LacZ1 to have enzyme activity. The molecular weight distribution of lignin was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and changes in the lignin structure were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra. The degradation products of lignin by LacZ1 were determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and three lignin degradation pathways (the gentian acid pathway, benzoic acid pathway, and protocatechuic acid pathway) were proposed. This study provides insight into the degradation of lignin and new insights into high-temperature bacterial laccase. IMPORTANCE Lignin is a natural aromatic polymer that is not easily degraded, hindering the efficient use of lignocellulose-rich biomass resources, such as straw. Biodegradation is a method of decomposing lignin that has recently received increasing attention. In this study, we screened a gene encoding laccase from the lignocellulose-degrading microbial consortium WSC-6, purified the corresponding protein LacZ1, characterized the enzymatic properties of laccase LacZ1, and speculated that the degradation pathway of LacZ1 degrades lignin. This study identified a new, high-temperature bacterial laccase that can degrade lignin, providing insight into lignin degradation by this laccase.
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Critical Factors for Optimum Biodegradation of Bast Fiber’s Gums in Bacterial Retting. FIBERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fib9080052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bast fiber plants require a post-harvest process to yield useable natural cellulosic fibers, denoted as retting or degumming. It encompasses the degradation of the cell wall’s non-cellulosic gummy substances (NCGs), facilitating fibers separations, setting the fiber’s quality, and determining downstream usages. Due to the inconvenience of traditional retting practices, bacterial inoculum and enzyme applications for retting gained attention. Therefore, concurrent changes of agroclimatic and socioeconomic conditions, the conventional water retting confront multiple difficulties, bast industries become vulnerable, and bacterial agents mediated augmented bio-retting processes trying to adapt to sustainability. However, this process’s success demands a delicate balance among substrates and retting-related biotic and abiotic factors. These critical factors were coupled to degrade bast fibers NCGs in bacterial retting while holistically disregarded in basic research. In this study, a set of factors were defined that critically regulates the process and requires to be comprehended to achieve optimum retting without failure. This review presents the bacterial strain characteristics, enzyme potentials, specific bast plant cell wall’s structure, compositions, solvents, and interactions relating to the maximum NCGs removal. Among plants, associated factors pectin is the primary biding material that determines the process’s dynamics, while its degree of esterification has a proficient effect through bacterial enzymatic degradation. The accomplished bast plant cell wall’s structure, macerating solvents pH, and temperature greatly influence the bacterial retting process. This article also highlights the remediation process of water retting pollution in a biocompatible manner concerning the bast fiber industry’s endurance.
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Stravoravdis S, Shipway JR, Goodell B. How Do Shipworms Eat Wood? Screening Shipworm Gill Symbiont Genomes for Lignin-Modifying Enzymes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:665001. [PMID: 34322098 PMCID: PMC8312274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.665001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shipworms are ecologically and economically important mollusks that feed on woody plant material (lignocellulosic biomass) in marine environments. Digestion occurs in a specialized cecum, reported to be virtually sterile and lacking resident gut microbiota. Wood-degrading CAZymes are produced both endogenously and by gill endosymbiotic bacteria, with extracellular enzymes from the latter being transported to the gut. Previous research has predominantly focused on how these animals process the cellulose component of woody plant material, neglecting the breakdown of lignin – a tough, aromatic polymer which blocks access to the holocellulose components of wood. Enzymatic or non-enzymatic modification and depolymerization of lignin has been shown to be required in other wood-degrading biological systems as a precursor to cellulose deconstruction. We investigated the genomes of five shipworm gill bacterial symbionts obtained from the Joint Genome Institute Integrated Microbial Genomes and Microbiomes Expert Review for the production of lignin-modifying enzymes, or ligninases. The genomes were searched for putative ligninases using the Joint Genome Institute’s Function Profile tool and blastp analyses. The resulting proteins were then modeled using SWISS-MODEL. Although each bacterial genome possessed at least four predicted ligninases, the percent identities and protein models were of low quality and were unreliable. Prior research demonstrates limited endogenous ability of shipworms to modify lignin at the chemical/molecular level. Similarly, our results reveal that shipworm bacterial gill-symbiont enzymes are unlikely to play a role in lignin modification during lignocellulose digestion in the shipworm gut. This suggests that our understanding of how these keystone organisms digest and process lignocellulose is incomplete, and further research into non-enzymatic and/or other unknown mechanisms for lignin modification is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Stravoravdis
- Goodell Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - J Reuben Shipway
- Goodell Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Centre for Enzyme Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Goodell
- Goodell Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
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20
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Singh AK, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN, Meyer AS, Raj A. Bioremediation of lignin derivatives and phenolics in wastewater with lignin modifying enzymes: Status, opportunities and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:145988. [PMID: 33684751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignin modifying enzymes from fungi and bacteria are potential biocatalysts for sustainable mitigation of different potentially toxic pollutants in wastewater. Notably, the paper and pulp industry generates enormous amounts of wastewater containing high amounts of complex lignin-derived chlorinated phenolics and sulfonated pollutants. The presence of these compounds in wastewater is a critical issue from environmental and toxicological perspectives. Some chloro-phenols are harmful to the environment and human health, as they exert carcinogenic, mutagenic, cytotoxic, and endocrine-disrupting effects. In order to address these most urgent concerns, the use of oxidative lignin modifying enzymes for bioremediation has come into focus. These enzymes catalyze modification of phenolic and non-phenolic lignin-derived substances, and include laccase and a range of peroxidases, specifically lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), versatile peroxidase (VP), and dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP). In this review, we explore the key pollutant-generating steps in paper and pulp processing, summarize the most recently reported toxicological effects of industrial lignin-derived phenolic compounds, especially chlorinated phenolic pollutants, and outline bioremediation approaches for pollutant mitigation in wastewater from this industry, emphasizing the oxidative catalytic potential of oxidative lignin modifying enzymes in this regard. We highlight other emerging biotechnical approaches, including phytobioremediation, bioaugmentation, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-based technology, protein engineering, and degradation pathways prediction, that are currently gathering momentum for the mitigation of wastewater pollutants. Finally, we address current research needs and options for maximizing sustainable biobased and biocatalytic degradation of toxic industrial wastewater pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Department for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 221, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Abhay Raj
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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21
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Olajuyigbe FM, Afere FP, Adetuyi OY, Fatokun CO. Decolorization of lignin-mimicking dyes by Stenotrophomonas sp. CFB-09: Enzyme activity, transformation dynamics and process optimization. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2021.1935898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Folasade M. Olajuyigbe
- Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology and Environmental Health Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Folakemi P. Afere
- Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology and Environmental Health Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafijimi Y. Adetuyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology and Environmental Health Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Cornelius O. Fatokun
- Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology and Environmental Health Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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22
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Zhang W, Ren X, Lei Q, Wang L. Screening and Comparison of Lignin Degradation Microbial Consortia from Wooden Antiques. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102862. [PMID: 34066118 PMCID: PMC8151908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin, which is a component of wood, is difficult to degrade in nature. However, serious decay caused by microbial consortia can happen to wooden antiques during the preservation process. This study successfully screened four microbial consortia with lignin degradation capabilities (J-1, J-6, J-8 and J-15) from decayed wooden antiques. Their compositions were identified by genomic sequencing, while the degradation products were analyzed by GC-MS. The lignin degradation efficiency of J-6 reached 54% after 48 h with an initial lignin concentration of 0.5 g/L at pH 4 and rotation speed of 200 rpm. The fungal consortium of J-6 contained Saccharomycetales (98.92%) and Ascomycota (0.56%), which accounted for 31% of the total biomass. The main bacteria in J-6 were Shinella sp. (47.38%), Cupriavidus sp. (29.84%), and Bosea sp. (7.96%). The strongest degradation performance of J-6 corresponded to its composition, where Saccharomycetales likely adapted to the system and improved lignin degradation enzymes activities, and the abundant bacterial consortium accelerated lignin decomposition. Our work demonstrated the potential utilization of microbial consortia via the synergy of microbial consortia, which may overcome the shortcomings of traditional lignin biodegradation when using a single strain, and the potential use of J-6 for lignin degradation/removal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (L.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-88297098 (W.Z.); +86-0571-85278909 (L.W.)
| | - Xueyan Ren
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China;
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Qiong Lei
- Jingzhou Conservation Center of Hubei Province, Wood Lacquer Protection Research Department, Jingzhou 434020, China;
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China;
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (L.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-88297098 (W.Z.); +86-0571-85278909 (L.W.)
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23
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An X, Zhong B, Chen G, An W, Xia X, Li H, Lai F, Zhang Q. Evaluation of bioremediation and detoxification potentiality for papermaking black liquor by a new isolated thermophilic and alkali-tolerant Serratia sp. AXJ-M. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124285. [PMID: 33189463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a great need for efficiently treating papermaking black liquor because it can seriously pollute both soil and water ecosystems. In this study, the Plackett-Burman (PB) experimental design combined with response surface methodology (RSM) was used for improving the biodegradation efficiency of lignin by a new isolated thermophilic and alkali-tolerant strain Serratia sp. AXJ-M, and the results showed that a biodegradation efficiency of 70.5% was achieved under optimal culture conditions. The bacterium with ligninolytic activities significantly decreased target the parameters (color 80%, lignin 60%, phenol 95%, BOD 80% and COD 80%). The control and treated samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), which showed that the concentrations of a majority of low-molecular-weight compounds were decreased after biological treatment. Furthermore, toxicological, genotoxicity and phytotoxicity studies have supported the detoxification by the bacterium of black liquor. Finally, the genome sequence of the thermophilic, alkali-tolerant and lignin-degrading bacterium AXJ-M was completed, and the genetic basis of the thermophilic and alkali-resistant properties of AXJ-M was preliminarily revealed. The dyp-type peroxidase was first reported to have the potential to catalyze lignin degradation structurally. These findings suggest that Serratia sp. AXJ-M may be potentially useful for bioremediation applications for papermaking black liquor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Guotao Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Weijuan An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Xiang Xia
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Hanguang Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Fenju Lai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
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24
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Xiong YI, Zhao Y, Ni K, Shi Y, Xu Q. Characterization of Ligninolytic Bacteria and Analysis of Alkali-Lignin Biodegradation Products. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 69:339-347. [PMID: 33574863 PMCID: PMC7810122 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligninolytic bacteria degrading lignin were isolates and identified, and their biodegradation mechanism of alkaline-lignin was investigated. Four strains with lignin degradation capability were screened and identified from the soil, straw, and silage based on their decolorizing capacity of aniline blue and colony size on alkaline-lignin medium. The degradation ratio of Bacillus aryabhattai BY5, Acinetobacter johnsonii LN2, Acinetobacter lwoffii LN4, and Micrococcus yunnanensis CL32 have been assayed using alkaline-lignin as the unique carbon source. Further, the Lip (lignin peroxidase) and Mnp (manganese peroxidase) activities of strains were investigated. Lip activity of A. lwoffii LN4 was highest after 72 h of incubation and reached 7151.7 U · l-1. Mnp activity of M. yunnanensis CL32 was highest after 48 h and reached 12533 U · l-1. The analysis of alkaline-lignin degradation products by GC-MS revealed that the strains screened could utilize aromatic esters compounds such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and decomposite monocyclic aromatic compounds through the DBP aerobic metabolic pathway. The results indicate that B. aryabhattai BY5, A. johnsonii LN2, A. lwoffii LN4, and M. yunnanensis CL32 have high potential to degrade alkaline-lignin, and might utilize aromatic compounds by DBP aerobic metabolic pathway in the process of lignin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I Xiong
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.,College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Zhao
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Kuikui Ni
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Qingfang Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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25
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Wang X, Lin L, Zhou J. Links among extracellular enzymes, lignin degradation and cell growth establish the models to identify marine lignin-utilizing bacteria. Environ Microbiol 2020; 23:160-173. [PMID: 33107668 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A major conundrum in the isolation of prokaryotes from open environments is stochasticity. It is especially difficult to study low abundance groups where very little biological information exists, although single-cell genomics and metagenomics have alleviated some of this bottleneck. Here, we report an approach to capture lignin-utilizing bacteria by linking a physical model to actual organisms. Extracellular enzymes, lignin degradation and cell growth are crucial phenotypes of lignin-utilizing bacteria, but their interrelationships remain poorly understood. In this study, the phenotypes of bacteria isolated from in situ lignocellulose enrichment samples in coastal waters were traced and statistically analysed. It suggested cell growth, dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly correlated with lignin degradation, exhibiting a genus-specific property. The established models enabled us to efficiently capture lignin-utilizing bacteria and rapidly evaluate lignin degradation for Bacillus and Vibrio strains. Through the model, we identified several previously unrecognized marine bacterial lignin degraders. Moreover, it demonstrated that the isolated marine lignin-utilizing bacteria employ a DyP-based system and ROS for lignin depolymerization, providing insights into the mechanism of marine bacterial lignin degradation. Our findings should have implications beyond the capture of lignin-utilizing bacteria, in the isolation of other microorganisms with as-yet-unknown molecular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Wang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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26
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Chantarasiri A. Klebsiella and Enterobacter Isolated from Mangrove Wetland Soils in Thailand and Their Application in Biological Decolorization of Textile Reactive Dyes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207531. [PMID: 33081196 PMCID: PMC7589067 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater released from textile and dye-based industries is one of the major concerns for human and aquatic beings. Biological decolorization using ligninolytic bacteria has been considered as an effective and alternative approach for the treatment of dyeing wastewater. This study aimed to assess the isolation, characterization and application of soil bacteria isolated from mangrove wetlands in Thailand. Four active bacteria were genetically identified and designated as Klebsiella pneumoniae strain RY10302, Enterobacter sp. strain RY10402, Enterobacter sp. strain RY11902 and Enterobacter sp. strain RY11903. They were observed for ligninolytic activity and decolorization of nine reactive dyes under experimental conditions. All bacteria exhibited strong decolorization efficiency within 72 h of incubation at 0.01% (w/v) of reactive dyes. The decolorization percentage varied from 20% (C.I. Reactive Red 195 decolorized by K. pneumoniae strain RY10302) to 92% (C.I. Reactive Blue 194 decolorized by Enterobacter sp. strain RY11902) in the case of bacterial monoculture, whereas the decolorization percentage for a mixed culture of four bacteria varied from 58% (C.I. Reactive Blue 19) to 94% (C.I. Reactive Black 1). These findings confer the possibility of using these bacteria for the biological decolorization of dyeing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiya Chantarasiri
- Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Rayong Campus, Rayong 21120, Thailand
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27
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Zhu D, Liang N, Zhang R, Ahmad F, Zhang W, Yang B, Wu J, Geng A, Gabriel M, Sun J. Insight into Depolymerization Mechanism of Bacterial Laccase for Lignin. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:12920-12933. [DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Daochen Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100# Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nian Liang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Rongxian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Fiaz Ahmad
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Weimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100# Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jian Wu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Alei Geng
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Murillo Gabriel
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China 212013
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28
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Morales GM, Ali SS, Si H, Zhang W, Zhang R, Hosseini K, Sun J, Zhu D. Acidic Versus Alkaline Bacterial Degradation of Lignin Through Engineered Strain E. coli BL21(Lacc): Exploring the Differences in Chemical Structure, Morphology, and Degradation Products. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:671. [PMID: 32714907 PMCID: PMC7344149 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in research on lignin biodegradation compounds as potential building blocks in applications related to renewable products. More attention is necessary to evaluate the effects of the initial pH conditions during the bacterial degradation of lignin. In this study we performed experiments on lignin biodegradation under acidic and mild alkaline conditions. For acidic biodegradation, lignin was chemically pretreated with hydrogen peroxide. Alkaline biodegradation was achieved by developing the bacterial growth on Luria and Bertani medium with alkali lignin as the sole carbon source. The mutant strain Escherichia coli BL21(Lacc) was used to carry out lignin biodegradation over 10 days of incubation. Results demonstrated that under acidic conditions there was a predominance of aliphatic compounds of the C3–C4 type. Alkaline biodegradation was produced in the context of oxidative stress, with a greater abundance of aryl compounds. The final pH values of acidic and alkaline biodegradation of lignin were 2.53 and 7.90, respectively. The results of the gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis detected compounds such as crotonic acid, lactic acid and 3-hydroxybutanoic acid for acidic conditions, with potential applications for adhesives and polymer precursors. Under alkaline conditions, detected compounds included 2-phenylethanol and dehydroabietic acid, with potential applications for perfumery and anti tumor/anti-inflammatory medications. Size-exclusion chromatography analysis showed that the weight-average molecular weight of the alkaline biodegraded lignin increased by 6.75-fold compared to the acidic method, resulting in a repolymerization of its molecular structure. Lignin repolymerization coincided with an increase in the relative abundance of dehydroabietic acid and isovanillyl alcohol, from 2.70 and 3.96% on day zero to 13.43 and 10.26% on 10th day. The results of the Fourier-transformed Infrared spectroscopy detected the presence of C = O bond and OH functional group associated with carboxylic acids in the acidic method. In the alkaline method there was a greater preponderance of signals related to skeletal aromatic structures, the amine functional group and the C – O – bond. Lignin biodegradation products from E. coli BL21(Lacc), under different initial pH conditions, demonstrated a promising potential to enlarge the spectrum of renewable products for biorefinery activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Murillo Morales
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibing Si
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rongxian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Keyvan Hosseini
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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29
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Riyadi FA, Tahir AA, Yusof N, Sabri NSA, Noor MJMM, Akhir FNMD, Othman N, Zakaria Z, Hara H. Enzymatic and genetic characterization of lignin depolymerization by Streptomyces sp. S6 isolated from a tropical environment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7813. [PMID: 32385385 PMCID: PMC7210275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol or biochemical products requires a crucial pretreatment process to breakdown the recalcitrant lignin structure. This research focuses on the isolation and characterization of a lignin-degrading bacterial strain from a decaying oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). The isolated strain, identified as Streptomyces sp. S6, grew in a minimal medium with Kraft lignin (KL) as the sole carbon source. Several known ligninolytic enzyme assays were performed, and lignin peroxidase (LiP), laccase (Lac), dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) and aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO) activities were detected. A 55.3% reduction in the molecular weight (Mw) of KL was observed after 7 days of incubation with Streptomyces sp. S6 based on gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) also successfully highlighted the production of lignin-derived aromatic compounds, such as 3-methyl-butanoic acid, guaiacol derivatives, and 4,6-dimethyl-dodecane, after treatment of KL with strain S6. Finally, draft genome analysis of Streptomyces sp. S6 also revealed the presence of strong lignin degradation machinery and identified various candidate genes responsible for lignin depolymerization, as well as for the mineralization of the lower molecular weight compounds, confirming the lignin degradation capability of the bacterial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Azizah Riyadi
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Analhuda Abdullah Tahir
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurtasbiyah Yusof
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syazwani Ahmad Sabri
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazrena Nadia M D Akhir
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor'azizi Othman
- Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zuriati Zakaria
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hirofumi Hara
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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30
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Ram C, Rani P, Gebru KA, Mariam Abrha MG. Pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment: use of microbes and their enzymes. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPulp and paper industry is coming under one of the most water polluting industries, and generated wastewater is highly toxic in nature. The paper mill requires huge quantity (~50–60 m3 of water to produce one ton of paper) of water, and accordingly huge quantity of chemical contaminated wastewater is discharged. The paper mill effluents have identified 240–250 chemicals in different stages of paper making. Various chemical constituents such as high chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, AOX, chlorinated compounds, color, suspended materials, lignin and their derivatives are released in the wastewater. The present review study is focused on the paper mill processes, wastewater generation and its effective treatment by microorganisms. The biological treatment has been identified as cost-effective and eco-friendly methods for the degradation of xenobiotic compounds for paper mill wastewater. Various studies have been performed so far to investigate the complex nature of wastewater by the application of bacteria, fungi and their enzymes at industrial scale. Therefore, the article discussed the importance of biological method as an effective technique for the degradation of paper mill wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhotu Ram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Adigrat University College of Engineering, Adigrat, Tigray7040, Ethiopia
| | - Pushpa Rani
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Kibrom Alebel Gebru
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Adigrat University College of Engineering, Adigrat, Tigray7040, Ethiopia
| | - Mebrhit G Mariam Abrha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Adigrat University College of Engineering, Adigrat, Tigray7040, Ethiopia
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31
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Pereira J, Queirós D, Lemos PC, Rossetti S, Serafim LS. Enrichment of a mixed microbial culture of PHA-storing microorganisms by using fermented hardwood spent sulfite liquor. N Biotechnol 2020; 56:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Ma L, Zhao Y, Meng L, Wang X, Yi Y, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Isolation of Thermostable Lignocellulosic Bacteria From Chicken Manure Compost and a M42 Family Endocellulase Cloning From Geobacillus thermodenitrificans Y7. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:281. [PMID: 32174898 PMCID: PMC7054444 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The composting ecosystem provides a potential resource for finding new microorganisms with the capability for cellulose degradation. In the present study, Congo red method was used for the isolating of thermostable lignocellulose-degrading bacteria from chicken manure compost. A thermophilic strain named as Geobacillus thermodenitrificans Y7 with acid-resident property was successfully isolated and employed to degrade raw switchgrass at 60°C for 5 days, which resulted in the final degradation rates of cellulose, xylan, and acid-insoluble lignin as 18.64, 12.96, and 17.21%, respectively. In addition, GC-MS analysis about aromatic degradation affirm the degradation of lignin by G. thermodenitrificans Y7. Moreover, an endocellulase gene belong to M42 family was successfully cloned from G. thermodenitrificans Y7 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Recombinant enzyme Cel-9 was purified by Ni-NTA column based the His-tag, and the molecular weight determined as 40.4 kDa by SDA-PAGE. The characterization of the enzyme Cel-9 indicated that the maximum enzyme activity was realized at 50°C and pH 8.6 and, Mn2+ could greatly improve the CMCase enzyme activity of Cel-9 at 10 mM, which was followed by Fe2+ and Co2+. Besides, it also found that the β-1,3-1,4, β-1,3, β-1,4, and β-1,6 glucan linkages all could be hydrolyzed by enzyme Cel-9. Finally, during the application of enzyme Cel-9 to switchgrass, the saccharification rates achieved to 1.81 ± 0.04% and 2.65 ± 0.03% for 50 and 100% crude enzyme, respectively. All these results indicated that both the strain G. thermodenitrificans Y7 and the recombinant endocellulase Cel-9 have the potential to be applied to the biomass industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ma
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuchun Zhao
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Meng
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Laboratory of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Mnich E, Bjarnholt N, Eudes A, Harholt J, Holland C, Jørgensen B, Larsen FH, Liu M, Manat R, Meyer AS, Mikkelsen JD, Motawia MS, Muschiol J, Møller BL, Møller SR, Perzon A, Petersen BL, Ravn JL, Ulvskov P. Phenolic cross-links: building and de-constructing the plant cell wall. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:919-961. [PMID: 31971193 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00028c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Covering: Up to 2019Phenolic cross-links and phenolic inter-unit linkages result from the oxidative coupling of two hydroxycinnamates or two molecules of tyrosine. Free dimers of hydroxycinnamates, lignans, play important roles in plant defence. Cross-linking of bound phenolics in the plant cell wall affects cell expansion, wall strength, digestibility, degradability, and pathogen resistance. Cross-links mediated by phenolic substituents are particularly important as they confer strength to the wall via the formation of new covalent bonds, and by excluding water from it. Four biopolymer classes are known to be involved in the formation of phenolic cross-links: lignins, extensins, glucuronoarabinoxylans, and side-chains of rhamnogalacturonan-I. Lignins and extensins are ubiquitous in streptophytes whereas aromatic substituents on xylan and pectic side-chains are commonly assumed to be particular features of Poales sensu lato and core Caryophyllales, respectively. Cross-linking of phenolic moieties proceeds via radical formation, is catalyzed by peroxidases and laccases, and involves monolignols, tyrosine in extensins, and ferulate esters on xylan and pectin. Ferulate substituents, on xylan in particular, are thought to be nucleation points for lignin polymerization and are, therefore, of paramount importance to wall architecture in grasses and for the development of technology for wall disassembly, e.g. for the use of grass biomass for production of 2nd generation biofuels. This review summarizes current knowledge on the intra- and extracellular acylation of polysaccharides, and inter- and intra-molecular cross-linking of different constituents. Enzyme mediated lignan in vitro synthesis for pharmaceutical uses are covered as are industrial exploitation of mutant and transgenic approaches to control cell wall cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Mnich
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Morya R, Kumar M, Singh SS, Thakur IS. Genomic analysis of Burkholderia sp. ISTR5 for biofunneling of lignin-derived compounds. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:277. [PMID: 31788027 PMCID: PMC6880542 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer on earth. Industries using lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock generate a considerable amount of lignin as a byproduct with minimal usage. For a sustainable biorefinery, the lignin must be utilized in improved ways. Lignin is recalcitrant to degradation due to the complex and heterogeneous structure. The depolymerization of lignin and its conversion into specific product stream are the major challenges associated with lignin valorization. The blend of oligomeric, dimeric and monomeric lignin-derived compounds (LDCs) generated during depolymerization can be utilized by microbes for production of bioproducts. RESULTS In the present study, a novel bacterium Burkholderia sp. strain ISTR5 (R5), a proteobacteria belonging to class betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales and family Burkholderiaceae, was isolated and characterized for the degradation of LDCs. R5 strain was cultured on 12 LDCs in mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with individual compounds such as syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillin, vanillic acid, guaiacol, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, benzoic acid, syringaldehyde, veratryl alcohol and catechol. R5 was able to grow and utilize all the selected LDCs. The degradation of selected LDCs was monitored by bacterial growth, total organic carbon (TOC) removal and UV-Vis absorption spectra in scan mode. TOC reduction shown in the sample contains syringic acid 80.7%, ferulic acid 84.1%, p-coumaric acid 85.9% and benzoic acid 83.2%. In UV-Vis absorption spectral scan, most of the lignin-associated peaks were found at or near 280 nm wavelength in the obtained absorption spectra. Enzyme assay for the ligninolytic enzymes was also performed, and it was observed that lignin peroxidase and laccase were predominantly expressed. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis of LDCs was performed to identify the degradation intermediates from these compounds. The genomic analysis showed the robustness of this strain and identified various candidate genes responsible for the degradation of aromatic or lignin derivatives, detoxification mechanism, oxidative stress response and fatty acid synthesis. The presence of peroxidases (13%), laccases (4%), monooxygenases (23%), dioxygenase (44%), NADPH: quinone oxidoreductases (16%) and many other related enzymes supported the degradation of LDCs. CONCLUSION Numerous pathway intermediates were observed during experiment. Vanillin was found during growth on syringic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid. Some other intermediates like catechol, acetovanillone, syringaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde from the recognized bacterial metabolic pathways existed during growth on the LDCs. The ortho- and meta cleavage pathway enzymes, such as the catechol-1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, catechol-2,3-dioxygenase and toluene-2,3-dioxygenase, were observed in the genome. In addition to the common aromatic degradation pathways, presence of the epoxyqueuosine reductase, 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase in the genome advocates that this strain may follow the epoxy Coenzyme A thioester pathway for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Morya
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Madan Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Shashi Shekhar Singh
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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Singh AK, Yadav P, Bharagava RN, Saratale GD, Raj A. Biotransformation and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Kraft Lignin Degraded by Ligninolytic Serratia liquefaciens. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2364. [PMID: 31824434 PMCID: PMC6881242 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Various chemical compounds emerged including kraft lignin (KL) during the processes of papermaking. These chemical compounds in effluent of the paper industry have hazardous environmental impacts. KL is liable for causing pollution of aquatic and water bodies; hence, it must be minimized in order to maintain a healthy and sustainable environment. In the present study, KL degradation was performed with ligninolytic bacterium Serratia liquefaciens and we confirmed biotransformation of KL to various less polluted or harmless compounds. KL being degraded as 1000 mg/L–1 concentration with incubating 30°C for 72, 168, and 240 h, shaking at 120 rpm under laboratory conditions. We found 65% maximum degradation of KL and 62% decolorization by the treatment with S. liquefaciens for 240 h (10 days). After being the treatment of KL, clear changes were observed in its morphology (using scanning electron microscopy and stereo microscopy), hydrodynamic size (using dynamic light scattering), and the functional groups [using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR)]. Biotransformation of KL monitored by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed formation of various metabolites. In addition to degradation of KL, detoxification (involving biotransformation into various metabolites) was assessed using cytotoxicity assays 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT and calcein-acetoxymethyl (AM) assays] using a human kidney cell line (NRK-52E), which indicated improved cell survival rates (74% for the bacteria-treated KL solution treated for 240 h) compared to the control (27%). Thus, the present study suggests that bacteria S. liquefaciens might be useful in reducing the pollution of KL by transforming it into various metabolites along with cytotoxicity reduction for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Department of Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Abhay Raj
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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Brink DP, Ravi K, Lidén G, Gorwa-Grauslund MF. Mapping the diversity of microbial lignin catabolism: experiences from the eLignin database. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3979-4002. [PMID: 30963208 PMCID: PMC6486533 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic biopolymer and a major constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, such as wood and agricultural residues. Despite the high amount of aromatic carbon present, the severe recalcitrance of the lignin macromolecule makes it difficult to convert into value-added products. In nature, lignin and lignin-derived aromatic compounds are catabolized by a consortia of microbes specialized at breaking down the natural lignin and its constituents. In an attempt to bridge the gap between the fundamental knowledge on microbial lignin catabolism, and the recently emerging field of applied biotechnology for lignin biovalorization, we have developed the eLignin Microbial Database ( www.elignindatabase.com ), an openly available database that indexes data from the lignin bibliome, such as microorganisms, aromatic substrates, and metabolic pathways. In the present contribution, we introduce the eLignin database, use its dataset to map the reported ecological and biochemical diversity of the lignin microbial niches, and discuss the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Brink
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Krithika Ravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie F Gorwa-Grauslund
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Luo C, Li Y, Chen Y, Fu C, Long W, Xiao X, Liao H, Yang Y. Bamboo lignocellulose degradation by gut symbiotic microbiota of the bamboo snout beetle Cyrtotrachelus buqueti. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:70. [PMID: 30976320 PMCID: PMC6442426 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut symbiotic microbiota plays a critical role in nutrient supply, digestion, and absorption. The bamboo snout beetle, Cyrtotrachelus buqueti, a common pest of several bamboo species, exhibits high lignocellulolytic enzyme activity and contains various CAZyme genes. However, to date, no studies have evaluated the role of gut symbiotic microbiota of the snout beetle on bamboo lignocellulose degradation. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of gut symbiotic microbiota of C. buqueti on bamboo lignocellulose degradation. RESULTS Gut symbiotic microbiota of female (CCJ), male (XCJ), and larvae (YCJ) beetles was used to treat bamboo shoot particles (BSPs) in vitro for 6 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant destruction of the lignocellulose structure after treatment, which was consistent with the degradation efficiencies of CCJ, XCJ, and YCJ for cellulose (21.11%, 17.58% and 18.74%, respectively); hemicellulose (22.22%, 27.18% and 34.20%, respectively); and lignin (19.83%, 24.30% and 32.97%, respectively). Gut symbiotic microbiota of adult and larvae beetles was then identified using 16sRNA sequencing, which revealed that four microbes: Lactococcus, Serratia, Dysgonomonas and Enterococcus, comprise approximately 84% to 94% of the microbiota. Moreover, the genomes of 45 Lactococcus, 72 Serratia, 86 Enterococcus and 4 Dysgonomonas microbes were used to analyse resident CAZyme genes. These results indicated that gut symbiotic microbiota of adult and larvae C. buqueti is involved in the lignocellulose degradation traits shown by the host. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the gut symbiotic microbiota of C. buqueti participates in bamboo lignocellulose degradation, providing innovative findings for bamboo lignocellulose bioconversion. Furthermore, the results of this study will allow us to further isolate lignocellulose-degrading microbiota for use in bamboo lignocellulose bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobing Luo
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
| | - Yuanqiu Li
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 Sichuan China
| | - Ying Chen
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 Sichuan China
| | - Chun Fu
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
| | - Wencong Long
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
| | - Ximeng Xiao
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 Sichuan China
| | - Hong Liao
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
| | - Yaojun Yang
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 Sichuan China
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Liu D, Yan X, Si M, Deng X, Min X, Shi Y, Chai L. Bioconversion of lignin into bioplastics by Pandoraea sp. B-6: molecular mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:2761-2770. [PMID: 30484053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a byproduct in the pulp and paper industry and is considered as a promising alternative for the provision of energy and chemicals. Currently, the efficient valorization of lignin is a challenge owing to its polymeric structure complexity. Here, we present a platform for bio-converting Kraft lignin (KL), to polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pandoraea sp. B-6 (hereafter B-6). Depolymerization of KL by B-6 was first confirmed, and > 40% KL was degraded by B-6 in the initial 4 days. Characterization of PHA showed that up to 24.7% of PHA accumulated in B-6 grown in 6-g/L KL mineral medium. The composition, structure, and thermal properties of the produced PHA were analyzed, revealing that 3-hydroxybutyrate was the only monomer and that PHA was comparable with the commercially available bioplastics. Moreover, the genomic analysis illustrated three core enzymatic systems for lignin depolymerization including laccases, peroxidases, and Fenton-reaction enzymes; five catabolic pathways for LDAC degradation and a gene cluster consisting of bktB, phaR, phaB, phaA, and phaC genes involved in PHA biosynthesis. Accordingly, a basic model for the process from lignin depolymerization to PHA production was constructed. Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective for lignin valorization and bio-material production from waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Mengying Si
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xinhui Deng
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Min
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Liyuan Chai
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Luo C, Li Y, Chen Y, Fu C, Nong X, Yang Y. Degradation of bamboo lignocellulose by bamboo snout beetle Cyrtotrachelus buqueti in vivo and vitro: efficiency and mechanism. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:75. [PMID: 30976325 PMCID: PMC6442404 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an important biomass raw material, the lignocellulose in bamboo is of significant value in energy conversion. The conversion of bamboo lignocellulose into fermentable reducing sugar, i.e. the degradation of bamboo lignocellulose, is an important step in lignocellulose conversion. However, little research has focussed on excavating the enzymes and microbes that are related to the degradation of bamboo lignocellulose, which is important for its utilisation. This study used Cyrtotrachelus buqueti (bamboo snout beetle) to evaluate the efficiency of bamboo lignocellulose degradation. RESULTS RNA sequencing was conducted to sequence the transcriptome of the insect before and after feeding on bamboo shoots. The expression levels of genes encoding several carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as endoglucanase (evgtrinloc27093t1 and evgtrinloc16407t0) and laccase (evgtrinloc15173t0 and evgtrinloc11252t0), were found to be upregulated after feeding. Faecal component analysis showed that the degradation efficiencies of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were 61.82%, 87.65% and 69.05%, respectively. After 6 days of co-culture with crude enzymes in vitro, the degradation efficiencies of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in bamboo shoot particles (BSPs) were 24.98%, 37.52% and 26.67%, respectively. These results indicated that lignocellulosic enzymes and related enzymes within the insect itself co-degraded bamboo lignocellulose. These finding can potentially be used for the pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo lignocellulose. CONCLUSION Our results showed that intestinal digestive enzymes from C. buqueti degraded bamboo shoot lignocellulose both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the expression levels of many carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes were upregulated in the transcriptome, including those for cellulase, xylanase and ligninase genes. Therefore, we proposed a scheme for applying the lignocellulolytic enzymes from C. buqueti to degrade bamboo lignocellulose using genetic, enzymatic and fermentation engineering techniques to overexpress the lignocellulolytic enzymes genes in vitro and obtain large quantities of enzymes that could efficiently degrade bamboo lignocellulose and be used for lignocellulose bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobing Luo
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
| | - Yuanqiu Li
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Ying Chen
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Chun Fu
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
| | - Xiang Nong
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
| | - Yaojun Yang
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
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Xu Z, Lei P, Zhai R, Wen Z, Jin M. Recent advances in lignin valorization with bacterial cultures: microorganisms, metabolic pathways, and bio-products. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:32. [PMID: 30815030 PMCID: PMC6376720 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic substrate on Earth and its valorization technologies are still under developed. Depolymerization and fragmentation are the predominant preparatory strategies for valorization of lignin to chemicals and fuels. However, due to the structural heterogeneity of lignin, depolymerization and fragmentation typically result in diverse product species, which require extensive separation and purification procedures to obtain target products. For lignin valorization, bacterial-based systems have attracted increasing attention because of their diverse metabolisms, which can be used to funnel multiple lignin-based compounds into specific target products. Here, recent advances in lignin valorization using bacteria are critically reviewed, including lignin-degrading bacteria that are able to degrade lignin and use lignin-associated aromatics, various associated metabolic pathways, and application of bacterial cultures for lignin valorization. This review will provide insight into the recent breakthroughs and future trends of lignin valorization based on bacterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Peng Lei
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 211111 China
| | - Rui Zhai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
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Kumar P, Maharjan A, Jun H, Kim BS. Bioconversion of lignin and its derivatives into polyhydroxyalkanoates: Challenges and opportunities. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 66:153-162. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Kumar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringChungbuk National University Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Anoth Maharjan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringChungbuk National University Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Hang‐Bae Jun
- Department of Environmental EngineeringChungbuk National University Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical EngineeringChungbuk National University Chungbuk Republic of Korea
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Xu R, Zhang K, Liu P, Han H, Zhao S, Kakade A, Khan A, Du D, Li X. Lignin depolymerization and utilization by bacteria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:557-566. [PMID: 30219494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lignin compound wastes are generated as a result of agricultural and industrial practices. Microorganism-mediated bio-catalytic processes can depolymerize and utilize lignin eco-friendly. Although fungi have been studied since several decades for their ability to depolymerize lignin, strict growth conditions of fungus limit it's industrial application. Compared with fungi, bacteria can tolerate wider pH, temperature, oxygen ranges and are easy to manipulate. Several studies have focused on bacteria involved in the process of lignin depolymerization and utilization. Pseudomonas have been used for paper mill wastewater treatment while Rhodococcus are widely reported to accumulate lipid. In this review, the recent studies on bacterial utilization in paper wastewater treatment, lignin conversion to biofuels, bioplastic, biofertilizers and other value-added chemicals are summarized. As bacteria possess remarkable advantages in industrial production, they may play a promising role in the future commercial lignin utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawen Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Apurva Kakade
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Aman Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute for Energy Research, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
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Olajuyigbe FM, Fatokun CO, Oyelere OM. Biodelignification of some agro-residues by Stenotrophomonas sp. CFB-09 and enhanced production of ligninolytic enzymes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu Z, Qin L, Cai M, Hua W, Jin M. Biodegradation of kraft lignin by newly isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas putida, and Ochrobactrum tritici strains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:14171-14181. [PMID: 29524172 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial systems have drawn an increasing amount of attention on lignin valorization due to their rapid growth and powerful environmental adaptability. In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae NX-1, Pseudomonas putida NX-1, and Ochrobactrum tritici NX-1 with ligninolytic potential were isolated from leaf mold samples. Their ligninolytic capabilities were determined by measuring (1) the cell growth on kraft lignin as the sole carbon source, (2) the decolorization of kraft lignin and lignin-mimicking dyes, (3) the micro-morphology changes and transformations of chemical groups in kraft lignin, and (4) the ligninolytic enzyme activities of these three isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that Ochrobactrum tritici species can depolymerize and metabolize lignin. Moreover, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and Mn-peroxidase showed high activities in P. putida NX-1. Due to their excellent ligninolytic capabilities, these three bacteria are important supplements to ligninolytic bacteria library and could be valuable in lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Ling Qin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Mufeng Cai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wenbo Hua
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Ravi K, García-Hidalgo J, Nöbel M, Gorwa-Grauslund MF, Lidén G. Biological conversion of aromatic monolignol compounds by a Pseudomonas isolate from sediments of the Baltic Sea. AMB Express 2018; 8:32. [PMID: 29500726 PMCID: PMC5834416 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0563-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial strains were isolated from the sediments of the Baltic Sea using ferulic acid, guaiacol or a lignin-rich softwood waste stream as substrate. In total nine isolates were obtained, five on ferulic acid, two on guaiacol and two on a lignin-rich softwood stream as a carbon source. Three of the isolates were found to be Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Among them, isolate 9.1, which showed the fastest growth in defined M9 medium, was tentatively identified as a Pseudomonas deceptionensis strain based on the gyrB sequencing. The growth of isolate 9.1 was further examined on six selected lignin model compounds (ferulate, p-coumarate, benzoate, syringate, vanillin and guaiacol) from different upper funneling aromatic pathways and was found able to grow on four out of these six compounds. No growth was detected on syringate and guaiacol. The highest specific growth and uptake rates were observed for benzoate (0.3 h-1 and 4.2 mmol g CDW-1 h-1) whereas the lowest were for the compounds from the coniferyl branch. Interestingly, several pathway intermediates were excreted during batch growth. Vanillyl alcohol was found to be excreted during growth on vanillin. Several other intermediates like cis,cis-muconate, catechol, vanillate and 4-hydroxybenzoate from the known bacterial catabolic pathways were excreted during growth on the model compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Ravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Javier García-Hidalgo
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Nöbel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie F. Gorwa-Grauslund
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Potential of Bacillus sp. LG7 as a Promising Source of Ligninolytic Enzymes for Industrial and Biotechnological Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-017-0957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chong GG, Huang XJ, Di JH, Xu DZ, He YC, Pei YN, Tang YJ, Ma CL. Biodegradation of alkali lignin by a newly isolated Rhodococcus pyridinivorans CCZU-B16. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:501-510. [PMID: 29279999 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Prussian blue spectrophotometric method, one high-throughput screening strategy for screening lignin-degrading microorganisms was built on 24-well plate at room temperature. One high activity of alkali lignin-degrading strain Rhodococcus pyridinivorans CCZU-B16 was isolated from soil. After the optimization of biodegradation, 30.2% of alkali lignin (4 g/L) was degraded under the nitrogen-limited condition (30/1 of C/N ratio; g/g) at 30 °C for 72 h. It was found that syringyl (S) units and guaiacyl (G) in lignin decreased after biodegradation. Moreover, the accumulated lipid in cells had a fatty acid profile rich in C16 and C18 with four major constituent fatty acids including palmitic acid (C16:0; 22.4%), palmitoleic acid (C16:1; 21.1%), stearic acid (C18:0; 16.2%), and oleic acid (C18:1; 23.1%). In conclusion, Rhodococcus pyridinivorans CCZU-B16 showed high potential application in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Gang Chong
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Zhu Xu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Nan Pei
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Y, Wang W, Zhu F, Wang X, Wang X, Lei C. The gut microbiota in larvae of the housefly Musca domestica and their horizontal transfer through feeding. AMB Express 2017; 7:147. [PMID: 28697583 PMCID: PMC5503848 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
House fly larvae provide a prolific and sustainable source of proteins used in poultry and fish feed. Wheat bran is a superior diet for house fly larvae and has been widely investigated to exploit its potential in the food and feed area. Using Illumina MiSeq 16S rDNA sequencing, this study investigated the gut microbiota of house fly larvae feeding on wheat bran and the bacterial community in the wheat bran. The bacterial communities in the house fly larvae were dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Enterobacteriaceae and Providencia were the predominant bacteria at the family and genus levels, respectively. Some bacteria in the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes may be transferred from the gut of house flies to the wheat bran during feeding and may be involved in degrading and utilizing polysaccharides in the cell wall of wheat bran. The significance of the gut microbiota of house fly larvae, their transferring and roles in degradation of wheat bran is discussed. These findings regarding the gut microbiota of house fly larvae will provide opportunities for research on the impact of microbial communities on poultry and fish.
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Lai CMT, Chua HB, Danquah MK, Saptoro A. Isolation of Thermophilic Lignin Degrading Bacteria from Oil-Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Compost. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/206/1/012016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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50
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Delignification and enhanced gas release from soil containing lignocellulose by treatment with bacterial lignin degraders. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:159-171. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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