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Diaz-Ogallar MA, Hernandez-Martinez A, Linares-Abad M, Martinez-Galiano JM. Factors related to a disturbance in the mother-child bond and attachment. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 76:114-123. [PMID: 38377918 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Establishing an adequate bond and attachment between a mother and child is essential for preventing pathologies and developing this relationship in the future. PURPOSE To identify the factors related to a disturbance of the mother-child bond or attachment. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with women with a biological child between 6 weeks and 18 months of age. The Mother-Child Bond-Attachment Questionnaire (VAMF, for its name in Spanish) was administered to measure the bond and postnatal attachment together with a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health variables referring to the mother and the newborn. RESULTS 1114 women participated. The multivariate analysis showed that skin-to-skin contact (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.90) and breastfeeding (aOR = 0.55; 95% IC: 0.35, 0.86) reduce the probability of presenting a bond disturbance. Anxiety during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (aOR = 3.95; 95% CI: 2.57, 6.05) and postpartum complications (aOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.48) increase the chance of having a bond disturbance. Skin-to-skin contact (aOR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.00), breastfeeding (aOR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.80,) and an older age of the infant (months) (aOR = 0.77: 95% CI: 0.72, 0.82) reduces the probability of presenting an attachment disturbance. CONCLUSIONS Skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding are associated with a lower probability of impaired bonding and attachment. Anxiety states during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium, and complications after childbirth increase the probability of developing a bond disorder. The older the age of the infant, the lower the frequency of having an impaired attachment. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE Identifying the factors associated with the establishment of the mother-child bond and attachment is essential for the development of prevention strategies and early identification of cases that may present alterations and avoid their consequences on the health of the mother and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonia Diaz-Ogallar
- Unit of Clinical Management Jodar, Andalusian Health Service, 23500 Jodar, Spain; Nursing Department, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Martinez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Ciudad Real Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Juan Miguel Martinez-Galiano
- Nursing Department, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Noergaard B, Ravn M, Kofoed PE. Parents' comfort and staffs' working-environment when infants are sitting skin-to-skin: a randomised controlled trial comparing a recliner and a hospital bed. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:1909-1918. [PMID: 36695504 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2168768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Skin-to-skin contact between parents and preterm infants is recommended because it has proven to be valuable for the infants' development and healing. However, it can be difficult to comply with this guideline and still ensure a good working environment for the staff.This randomised controlled trial compared a new recliner developed in collaboration with parents and staff with a hospital bed for use in neonatal and maternity care using parents' rating of own comfort/discomfort, self-reliance, and felt security, and the chair's/bed's functionality at two different days (Q1 and Q2) of hospitalisation. The physical work-environment was evaluated through a questionnaire to the staff.Ninety-seven parents and 53 health professionals participated. Parents had significantly lower discomfort, in the recliner at Q1 compared to the hospital bed. The staff had to twist and/or bend their back significantly less often when working at the recliner as compared to the hospital bed. Practitioner summary: Due to poor working environment, a participatory design project developed a new recliner that improved the possibility of infants having skin-to-skin contact with their parents. The recliner provided a better working-environment for the staff while focussing on improving comfort and self-reliance of the parents, as compared to a hospital bed. Abbreviations: NICU: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; VELA: Vermund Larsen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Noergaard
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne Ravn
- Department of Maternity, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Poul-Erik Kofoed
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Stern-Delfils A, Leray I, Caeymaex L, Dicky O, Akrich M, Reynaud A, Bouvard C, Evrard A, Sizun J, Tscherning C, Kuhn P. Father's perceptions and care involvement for their very preterm infants at French neonatal intensive care units. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1229141. [PMID: 38034931 PMCID: PMC10687630 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1229141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to evaluate (1) fathers' perceptions and care involvement for their very premature infants and their views of the hospitalization period based on parental reports and (2) their evolution over time. Methods We used an online parental survey to assess answers from parents of very preterm infants who were successfully discharged from French neonatal units. We analysed answers from February 2014 to January 2019 to an anonymous internet-based survey from the GREEN committee of the French Neonatal Society. Responses were compared for period 1 (P1, 1998 to 2013) and period 2 (P2, 2014 to 2019). Results We analyzed 2,483 surveys, 124 (5%) from fathers and 2,359 (95%) from mothers. At birth, 1,845 (80%) fathers were present in the hospital, but only 879 (38%) were near the mother. The presence of fathers in the NICU increased from P1 to P2 (34.5% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.03). Nearly two thirds of fathers accompanied their infants during transfer to the NICU (1,204 fathers, 60.6%). Fathers and mothers had similar perceptions regarding relationships with caregivers and skin-to-skin contact with their infants. However, more fathers than mothers felt welcome in the NICU and in care involvement regarding requests for their wishes when they met their infant (79% vs. 60%, p = 0.02) and in the presentation of the NICU (91% vs. 76%; p = 0.03). Mothers and fathers significantly differed in the caring procedures they performed (p = 0.01), procedures they did not perform but wanted to perform (p < 0.001), and procedures they did not perform and did not want to perform (p < 0.01). Conclusion Most fathers were present at the births of their very preterm infants, but fewer fathers were near the mother at this time. Less than two thirds of fathers accompanied their infants to the NICU. There should be further changes to better meet the specific needs of the fathers of infants requiring care in the NICU. Continuing assessment with an online questionnaire may be useful to monitor changes over time in father's involvement in NICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabelle Leray
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Caeymaex
- NICU, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
- Centre d’Etudes Discours Images Textes Ecrits Communication (CEDITEC), Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Odile Dicky
- NICU, University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- U1027 INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Madeleine Akrich
- Collectif inter-associatif autour de la naissance (CIANE), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Anne Evrard
- Collectif inter-associatif autour de la naissance (CIANE), Paris, France
| | | | - Charlotte Tscherning
- NICU, University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- U1027 INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
- NICU, Sidra Medicine Hospital, Well Cornell University Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Center for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Inserm Unviversity of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Kuhn
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Neonatal Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lægteskov TR, Holm KG, Petersen M, Lysdal RK, Hjelvang BR, Brødsgaard A. Father Groups in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Supportive Intervention. Adv Neonatal Care 2023; 23:478-486. [PMID: 37499694 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000001092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents' participation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) reduces length of stay and positively affects infants' psychological, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes. Healthcare professionals in the NICU focus on both parents, but tend to have the main focus on the mother and the infant. Therefore, fathers may experience a lack of support and feel that they are being disregarded in the NICU. PURPOSE To study fathers' experiences with father groups during NICU admission with their preterm infant. The father group is a 90-minute intervention based on dialogue between fathers and a male healthcare professional. METHODS A qualitative content analysis was conducted using 10 online semistructured interviews with fathers participating in a father group. The study was reported according to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research. RESULTS The overall theme emerging from our analysis was "Emotional support, encouragement, and an enhanced capacity to deal with the situation and with life in the NICU." This theme emerged from the categories "Meeting with peers and sharing reflections" and "Fathers' territory" based on 5 subcategories. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Participation in father groups gives fathers recognition for being important as parents in the NICU, improves fathers' mental well-being, and enhances their coping capacity. Father groups support fathers in the NICU and can be integrated into NICU practices and policies to enhance a family-centered approach. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH This study revealed a need for further research to determine whether participation in a father group has a measurable effect on clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tascha Ravn Lægteskov
- Departments of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (Messrs Lægteskov, Petersen, and Lysdal and Drs Hjelvang and Brødsgaard) and Gynaecology and Obstetrics (Dr Brødsgaard), Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (Dr Holm); and Nursing and Health Institute for Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Dr Brødsgaard)
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Lee J, Choi S. The experience of fathers whose infants were hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in South Korea: A scoping review. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 72:36-44. [PMID: 37037103 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM The purpose of this scoping review was to map and organize the previous studies conducted among fathers whose infants experienced admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in South Korea. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA A scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O'Malley using the JBI template. The review was described by PRISMA-ScR. The studies were reviewed through five electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, RISS and KMbase) since 1996. Each study was analyzed, extracted, and summarized into the following domains: general characteristics (language, design, data collection methods, intervention, data collection site, and time) and fathers' characteristics (types of fathers, mean age, variables related to the fathers, and measurements). SAMPLE A total of 290 studies were identified after screening titles and abstracts, and 32 full-text articles were retrieved for eligibility. Finally, 15 articles were included in the review. RESULTS Four themes were derived after review: paternal stress, paternal attachment, fathers' adaptation, and fathers' support needs. CONCLUSIONS Infants' hospitalization in NICUs causes stress for fathers but they overcome difficulties and play multiple roles as guardians, caregivers, and decision-makers of their spouses and infants over time. Paternal attachment increases significantly after participating in tactile and educational interventions. Fathers rely on nurses and they want to receive support from nurses. IMPLICATIONS It is necessary for NICU nurses to understand and support fathers whose infants are hospitalized in NICUs. Medical institutions should provide nursing interventions and education for fathers to relieve their stress, help their adaptation, and improve attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Lee
- College of Nursing, Catholic University of Pusan, 57 Oryundae-ro, Geumjung-gu, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunyeob Choi
- Ewha Womans University, College of Nursing, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodamaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Dubner SE, Morales MC, Marchman VA, Shaw RJ, Travis KE, Scala M. Maternal mental health and engagement in developmental care activities with preterm infants in the NICU. J Perinatol 2023; 43:871-876. [PMID: 37046070 PMCID: PMC10096104 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between maternal mental health and involvement in developmental care in the NICU. STUDY DESIGN Mothers of infants born <32 weeks gestation (n = 135) were approached to complete mental health screening questionnaires at two weeks after admission. Mothers who completed screening (n = 55) were further classified as with (n = 19) and without (n = 36) elevated scores. Mothers' frequency, rate, and duration of developmental care activities were documented in the electronic health record. RESULTS 35% of screened mothers scored above the cutoff for clinical concern on ≥1 measure. No significant differences between the 3 groups were identified for rates, frequency, or amount of all developmental care, kangaroo care, and swaddled holding. CONCLUSION Elevated scores on maternal mental health questionnaires did not relate to developmental care. Maternal developmental care engagement may not indicate mental health status. Universal screening for psychological distress is required to accurately detect symptoms in mothers of hospitalized preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Dubner
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maya Chan Morales
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Virginia A Marchman
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Richard J Shaw
- Division of Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine E Travis
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Scala
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Reimer A, Mause L, Hoffmann J, Hagemeier A, Dresbach T, Scholten N. How does stress affect maternal and paternal perceptions of relationship strain after a preterm birth? Results of a retrospective survey study. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112:762-769. [PMID: 36627542 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM Strain on couple relationships is associated with a lower well-being. As premature birth is known to pose stress to parents, this study explores whether interparental relationship strain comes to pass within mothers and fathers during their infant's stay in a neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted with parents who experienced a preterm birth (September to December 2020). Linear regression was used to analyse associations between stress and relationship strain. RESULTS The study included 437 mothers and 301 fathers. Fathers experienced lower relationship strain (M = 2.49, SD = 1.00) than mothers (M = 3.37, SD = 1.04). Overall, a significant association between relationship strain and stress due to the infant's behaviour and appearance was found for mothers (β = 0.16, p = 0.02) and fathers, with a significantly higher association for fathers (β = 0.27, p ≤ 0.002). With regard to parental role alterations, only mothers showed a significant association (β = 0.21, p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION Although mothers showed higher levels of stress and relationship strain, stress may also have an impact on fathers. Therefore, research should focus on stress prevention measures to meet both maternal and paternal needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alinda Reimer
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laura Mause
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Hoffmann
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Hagemeier
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Till Dresbach
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadine Scholten
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Risanger LI, Kofoed PE, Noergaard B, Vahlkvist S. Parents’ Perception of Staff Support in a Father-Friendly Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10040673. [PMID: 37189922 DOI: 10.3390/children10040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, play a central role in supporting parents during their stay in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Fathers often have their own support needs; however, studies have shown that these needs are rarely met to the same degree as those of the mothers. We developed a “father-friendly NICU” with the aim of providing good-quality care to the entire family. To evaluate the impact of this concept, we adopted a quasi-experimental design; using the Nurse Parent Support Tool (NPST), we investigated the differences in the fathers’ (n = 497) and mothers’ (n = 562) perception of the nursing support received on admission and discharge between before and after the intervention. In the historical control and intervention groups, the fathers’ median NPST scores at admission were 4.3 (range, 1.9–5.0) and 4.0 (range, 2.5–4.8), respectively (p < 0.0001); at discharge, these scores were 4.3 (range, 1.6–5.0) and 4.4 (range, 2.3–5.0), respectively (difference not significant). In the historical control and intervention groups, the mothers median NPST scores at admission were 4.5 (range, 1.9–5.0) and 4.1 (range, 1.0–4.8), respectively (p < 0.001); at discharge, these scores were 4.4 (range, 2.7–5.0) and 4.4 (range, 2.6–5), respectively (difference not significant). The parental perception of support did not increase after the intervention; however, the parents reported a high level of staff support both before and after the intervention. Further studies should focus on parental support needs during the different phases of hospitalization (i.e., admission, stabilization, and discharge).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Iren Risanger
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
- H.C. Andersens Children’s Hospital, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Poul-Erik Kofoed
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Betty Noergaard
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Signe Vahlkvist
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
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Carter BS. Postponed Withholding Does Not Postpone Attachment. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2022; 22:27-30. [PMID: 36332047 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2022.2123990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Shafey A, Benzies K, Amin R, Stelfox HT, Shah V. Fathers' Experiences in Alberta Family Integrated Care: A Qualitative Study. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2022; 36:371-379. [PMID: 36288445 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Family Integrated Care (FICare) program adapted for Alberta (AB) level II neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) aims to increase parental involvement and support during their NICU stay. The experience of fathers of preterm infants in a FICare program is currently unknown. PURPOSE To describe the experiences of fathers of preterm infants born at 320/7 to 346/7 weeks' gestational age with AB FICare. METHODS A qualitative substudy of a multicenter prospective cluster randomized controlled trial of FICare in 10 level II NICUs across Alberta. Fathers of preterm infants participated in a semistructured interview after discharge when their infants were at least 2 months' corrected gestational age. Journal entries written by fathers while in the NICU from the FICare intervention sites were also collected. Data were analyzed thematically and the interview and journal data were triangulated. FINDINGS Thirteen fathers (9 from the FICare intervention and 4 from standard care) participated in semistructured interviews and there were 24 journals collected. Seven themes emerged: fear of the unknown, mental preparation, identifying the father's role, parenting with supervision, effective communication, postneonatal intensive care transition, and family life. Fathers enrolled in AB FICare attributed their level of confidence and positive neonatal intensive care experience that continued postdischarge to the care and attention they received during hospitalization. CONCLUSION AB FICare may improve experiences for fathers of preterm infants in the NICU with continuation postdischarge. Future research should include designing and evaluating father-specific NICU programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Shafey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Dr Shafey); Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (Dr Benzies); Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Drs Amin and Shah); and Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (Dr Stelfox)
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Shoshi PH, Tuval-Mashiach R, Bin Nun A. One uncertainty added on top of another: Challenges and resources of mothers of preterm infants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:968192. [PMID: 36248462 PMCID: PMC9559375 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and objectivesTo qualitatively explore COVID-19-related experiences of mothers of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), the main challenges they face, and the resources available for them.BackgroundThe birth of a preterm infant is a stressful event under otherwise normal circumstances. The outbreak of COVID-19, the uncertainty about the virus and how it spreads, and the restrictions imposed, may have exacerbated the stress of caring for a preterm infant.DesignRetrospective interviews.MethodsIn-depth interviews with 12 mothers of preterm infants who were hospitalized in the NICU at the time of study. The interview addressed challenges and resources related to coping with the pandemic. The interviews were transcribed and content analyzed, based on Lieblich et al’s model for narrative analysis. This research was conducted in accordance with the COREQ checklist.ResultsThe overarching experience shared by all mothers was accumulative stress caused by a combination of factors related to the infant’s health and COVID-19-related stressors. A central theme was the dissonance between the mothers’ expectations from the birth and infant, and the reality they encountered. Other themes included fear of infecting the infant, loneliness, and stress caused by the restrictions that disrupted daily routines. Resources included a sense of shared fate regarding the pandemic, improvements in the infant’s condition, religious faith, emotional support from the partner, and support from professional staff.ConclusionCaring for a preterm infant during a pandemic is a challenging experience on many levels. The loss of significant support resources puts mothers of these infants at a higher risk for psychological distress.Relevance to clinical practiceAwareness of mothers’ accumulative stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic may assist the staff in developing procedures that can alleviate parental stress, for example by enabling mothers to connect to each other, giving clear information to compensate for physical and social distancing and providing professional mental health support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmor Haspel Shoshi
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Herzog Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Palmor Haspel Shoshi,
| | - Rivka Tuval-Mashiach
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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12
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Dong Q, Steen M, Wepa D, Eden A. Exploratory study of fathers providing Kangaroo Care in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 35712782 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES To explore fathers' views and experiences of providing Kangaroo Care (KC) to their baby cared for in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). BACKGROUND Kangaroo Care has been known to improve the health outcome for preterm, low birth weight and medically vulnerable term infants and achieve the optimal perinatal health wellbeing for parents and infants. Historically, mothers are considered as the dominant KC providers, whereas fathers are spectators and have been overlooked. Little is known about the fathers' perspectives in providing KC in NICUs. METHODS Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 fathers who delivered KC to their baby when in the NICU. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematical framework. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was followed to report this qualitative study. FINDINGS Fathers in this study identified they were passing a silent language of love and connecting with their baby by the act of KC in a challenging environment. Three themes emerged: 'Positive psychological connection', 'Embracing father-infant Kangaroo Care' and 'Challenges to father-infant Kangaroo Care'. CONCLUSION The findings of this study show KC enhances the bonding and attachment between fathers and infants. The conceptualisation of the paternal role in caregiving to a newborn is evolving as a contemporary practice. Further research is warranted to confirm or refute the study findings. Policies and facilities should be modified to include father-infant KC within the fields of neonatal care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE It is important for nurses and other health professionals to support and enable fathers to give KC. Father-infant KC is recommended in neonatal care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Dong
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mary Steen
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dianne Wepa
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Nursing & Healthcare Leadership Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Amye Eden
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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13
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Føreland AM, Engesland H, Kristoffersen L, Fegran L. Postpartum Experiences of Early Skin-to-Skin Contact and the Traditional Separation Approach After a Very Preterm Birth: A Qualitative Study Among Mothers. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2022; 9:23333936221097116. [PMID: 35615558 PMCID: PMC9125059 DOI: 10.1177/23333936221097116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional care immediately after very preterm birth separates the mother and child by the transfer of the infant to the neonatal intensive care unit. A nonseparation approach is currently being considered, allowing early skin-to-skin contact in the delivery room/postoperative care unit. This study aimed to explore mothers’ experiences of early skin-to-skin contact and traditional care. A qualitative study using individual semi-structured interviews with five mothers from each of the two groups was conducted. Content analysis revealed that both groups’ experiences were characterized by (i) mothers’ need to be affirmed of their infants’ vitality, (ii) bonding challenges, and (iii) benefits of skin-to-skin contact. We suggest that early skin-to-skin contact after very preterm births is crucial for the bonding process and mothers’ feelings of safety and well-being. When early skin-to-skin contact is infeasible, our findings reveal the significance of photos, information, and the father’s presence at the time of postpartum separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marit Føreland
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway
- University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - Laila Kristoffersen
- St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway
- University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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14
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Dickinson C, Vangaveti V, Browne A. Psychological impact of neonatal intensive care unit admissions on parents: A regional perspective. Aust J Rural Health 2022; 30:373-384. [PMID: 35112425 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to report the prevalence of adverse psychological symptoms and health behaviours of parents who had a baby admitted to a regional neonatal intensive care unit to spotlight mental health care in these unique settings. DESIGN This was a prospective, prevalence-based study using quantitative data. SETTING The study was conducted at the Townsville University Hospital, Queensland. PARTICIPANTS Participants comprised 114 parents of 79 infants enrolled in the study (mothers = 69 and fathers = 45). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Trauma, depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol and drug use, prior mental health history and bonding experience were assessed by standardised self-report questionnaires and a structured diagnostic interview within 2 weeks and at 3 months post-admission to neonatal intensive care unit. RESULTS Clinically significant acute trauma symptoms (16% of mothers only), depression (22% mothers; 4% of fathers), anxiety (27% mothers; 11% fathers) and stress (24% mothers; 13% fathers) were reported within the first 2 weeks after their baby was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Notably, 18% of parents reported engaging in harmful alcohol use behaviour within 2 weeks post-birth; 29% of fathers continued to report risky drinking at 3 months. At 3 months, 21%, 8% and 6% of mothers met diagnostic criteria for generalised anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively. CONCLUSION Screening for psychological distress and alcohol use of parents of neonatal intensive care unit babies can ensure that support services are made available post-discharge to optimise family function and development of the preterm infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine Dickinson
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Venkat Vangaveti
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Allyson Browne
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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15
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Vance AJ, Costa DK, Brandon DH. Parenting Self-Efficacy in Fathers of Medically Complex Infants: A Longitudinal Study. JOURNAL OF NEONATAL NURSING : JNN 2021; 27:439-443. [PMID: 35058734 PMCID: PMC8765706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnn.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infants with medical complexity are have multiple chronic conditions and require specialized intensive care. One important factor in optimizing infant health and development is parenting self-efficacy (PSE). The purpose of this study was to examine parental self-efficacy in fathers over time. METHODS A longitudinal survey study was conducted with fathers of medically complex infants. We used the validated Karitane Parent Confidence Scale to assess PSE and multivariable linear regression examined the associations between father and infant characteristics on PSE. RESULTS Fathers (n=27) were white (74%), married (85%), high school educated (37%), with incomes ≥ $US50,000 (66%). Father's mean PSE score was 39.28 (±3.9). Hispanic ethnicity and total number of chronic conditions were significant predictors of lower PSE in fathers (p < .03). CONCLUSIONS Fathers of medically complex infants reported low PSE. More strategic interventions need to focus on self-efficacy and creating opportunities for connection between fathers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee J Vance
- National Clinician Scholars Program, University of Michigan, Assistant Scientist, Center for Health Policy & Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System
| | - Deena K Costa
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, School of Nursing, University of Michigan
| | - Debra H Brandon
- Duke University School of Nursing; School of Medicine, Duke University
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16
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Childbearing culture: a prominent context in the process of maternal role attainment in Iranian mothers with preterm neonates. J Biosoc Sci 2021; 54:1035-1046. [PMID: 34643173 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932021000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Transition to the role of mothering is one of the most important events in a woman's life. While childbirth is a biological event, pregnancy and the experiences around it are more influenced by social structure, which is shaped by cultural perceptions and practices. The aim of this study was to explore cultural context during maternal role attainment in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Iran. The study was part of a grounded theory study on how the mothers of preterm neonates go through maternal role attainment. Data collection was carried out by purposeful sampling from 20 participants (15 mothers of preterm neonates and 5 NICU nurses). Data were analysed according to Corbin and Strauss's (2015) approach. Four categories of childbearing culture emerged: 'The necessity of childbearing', 'Childbearing rituals', 'Maternal persistent presence' and 'Attitudes and religious beliefs'. The findings showed that the special beliefs and practices in Iranian culture affected all of the participants' reactions to mothering process. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. In order to provide sensitive and culturally appropriate care, nurses should be aware of the general impact of cultural norms and values on the process of maternal role attainment and strive to meet the cultural needs of all mothers.
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental support in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is critical; yet, the nursing staff may struggle to provide optimal support to NICU fathers. Generally, fathers are not viewed as equally competent caregivers when compared with mothers, and fathers often impart these beliefs on themselves. Increasing the nursing staff's knowledge and understanding of paternal support can change attitudes and foster positive behavior changes, enhancing the perception of support received by NICU fathers. PURPOSE To implement a needs assessment and educational intervention for the nursing staff designed to increase the perception of nursing support received by NICU fathers. METHODS The Nurse Parents Support Tool (NPST) was administered to the clinical nursing staff and fathers in a pre/posttest design comparing support given by nurses with the fathers' perception of received support. Data from the preintervention assessment was used to design an educational intervention on improving fathers' support. Following the intervention, a postintervention NPST was administered to fathers to determine whether there was an improvement in support perception. FINDINGS/RESULTS Improvement in the NICU fathers' perception of nursing staff support was noted between father groups. In addition, the NPST can be used to assess paternal support needs and develop staff education. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Support provided to NICU fathers can enhance the father's perception of himself as an equal and competent caregiver, leading to improved father-infant bonding as the child ages. Educational interventions targeting father support should be a routine part of nursing staff training. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Future research should examine the long-term effects of early paternal support on psychosocial, cognitive, and developmental outcomes of NICU infants.
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18
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Filippa M, Saliba S, Esseily R, Gratier M, Grandjean D, Kuhn P. Systematic review shows the benefits of involving the fathers of preterm infants in early interventions in neonatal intensive care units. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:2509-2520. [PMID: 34053115 PMCID: PMC8453504 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim This review identifies interventions involving the fathers of preterm infants that have been tested in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). It examines their effects on the fathers and infants and highlights any differences between fathers and mothers who took part in the same interventions. Methods A systematic search was performed in English from 1995 to 1 September 2020, using the CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed and PsycINFO databases. We examined 14 peer‐reviewed studies that investigated NICU interventions involving 478 fathers, whose 511 infants were born before 37 weeks of gestation. These included empirical studies with clinical outcomes. Results Studies on fathers' interventions in NICUs were limited and mainly restricted to basic skin‐to‐skin contact or tactile interventions. The interventions had similar general positive effects on mothers and fathers when it came to infant physiological and behavioural reactions. There was also evidence of a positive effect on the fathers, including their mental health. Conclusion Including fathers as active partners in the care of their preterm newborn infants produced good outcomes for both of them. Further research is needed to develop new, multimodal and interactive interventions that provide fathers with positive contact with their preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Filippa
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab Swiss Center for Affective Sciences and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
- Division of Development and Growth Department of Pediatrics Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland
| | - Sahar Saliba
- Department of Psychomotor Therapy Faculty of Public Health Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon
| | - Rana Esseily
- Ethology, Cognition and Development Laboratory UPL University of Paris Nanterre Nanterre France
| | - Maya Gratier
- Ethology, Cognition and Development Laboratory UPL University of Paris Nanterre Nanterre France
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab Swiss Center for Affective Sciences and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Pierre Kuhn
- Department of Neonatal Medicine Hautepierre Hospital University Hospital, University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of StrasbourgInstitut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives Strasbourg France
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19
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Loewenstein K, Barroso J, Phillips S. The Experiences of Parent Dyads in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Description. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 60:1-10. [PMID: 33567394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The hospitalization of an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a distressing and often unexpected event for parents. Parents have risk for depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress, which can adversely impact them and their relationship. The hospitalization and subsequent stress may affect parents' capability to connect with and parent their child. Purpose Describe parents' experiences and ability to cope with the NICU; identify experiential and coping differences between mothers and fathers; examine the effect of the NICU hospitalization on the parent dyad relationship. Methods A qualitative descriptive design with dyadic interviews examined parents' experiences and coping skills, and subsequent effects on the parental relationship. Data collection continued until saturation was achieved and no new themes emerged. Through content analysis, an accurate description of parents' experiences in the NICU was rendered. Findings Nine themes from eight dyad interviews emerged and were categorized within the six domains of the transactional theory of stress and coping. The major themes were: Deeply Distressing, Unexpected and Unprepared, Expecting to Hear and Be Heard, Becoming Parents, Stronger Together, Support is Key, Parents Want Better Communication, and Adjusting to the NICU. Implications for practice Support from professionals and family, and clear and consistent communication from the treatment team helped alleviate parents' anxiety about their infant. Implications for research Research regarding the impact of a NICU hospitalization on the relationship between parent dyad members, specifically longitudinal studies, may lead to a better understanding of the long-term effects of this specific stressor on parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Barroso
- Zucker Hillside Hospital, NY, United States of America
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20
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Polizzi C, Perricone G, Morales MR, Burgio S. A Study of Maternal Competence in Preterm Birth Condition, during the Transition from Hospital to Home: An Early Intervention Program's Proposal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168670. [PMID: 34444418 PMCID: PMC8391928 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted with 104 mothers (average age 32.5 years, SD 6.1) of preterm infants (very and moderately preterm but still healthy) to monitor the perceived maternal role competence from the time of hospitalisation to post-discharge, in order to define an intervention program to support mothers during this transition. A targeted Q-Sort tool (Maternal Competence Q-Sort in preterm birth) was applied at two different times as a self-observation tool for parenting competence in neonatology. A tendency towards dysregulation of the maternal role competence was detected, mainly in terms of low self-assessment and was found to worsen during post-discharge, particularly with regard to caregiving ability. This study suggests the importance of accompanying parenting competence in preterm birth conditions, not only during hospitalisation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) but also following discharge in order to promote the development of premature infants. This paper reports in the last part a specific integrated psychoeducational intervention program (psychologist and nurses), which we defined precisely in light of the suggestions offered by the study data on perceived maternal competence created with the Q-sort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Polizzi
- Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanna Perricone
- Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Regina Morales
- Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), Mental Health Department, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Sofia Burgio
- Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Elsdon R, O'Shaughnessy R, Hodge SM, Murray CD. Becoming a mother in the context of sex work: Women's experiences of bonding with their children. Health Care Women Int 2021; 43:663-685. [PMID: 34348075 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1949598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many females engaged in sex work are mothers, often experiencing poverty, violence, marginalization, and psychological distress, factors also found to affect parental bonds. However, little is known about how this context impacts the bonding process. Given the ubiquity of sex work across geographical territories, understanding the relationship it has with mother-child bonding is an important international consideration in providing healthcare for sex working mothers and their children. Therefore, in this study we sought to explore women's experiences of bonding with their children in the context of sex work. We interviewed six women in the UK who were sex working during the first two years of their child's life about their bonding experiences and analyzed transcripts using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. We identified four themes were identified: (1) the complex process of bonding; (2) the role of powerlessness on bonding; (3) the powerful impact of receiving help, and (4) new perspectives of the body and sex work following motherhood. Findings contribute to the research literature on bonding by emphasizing the value of supportive care and the importance of social context, indicating specific factors to inform psychological support among sex working women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Elsdon
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK
| | - Ruth O'Shaughnessy
- Cheshire and Mersey Specialist Perinatal Service, North West Boroughs Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Warrington, UK
| | - Suzanne M Hodge
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK
| | - Craig D Murray
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK
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22
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Patel K, Cortright L, Tumin D, Kohler JA. Fathers' Visitation of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the First Week of Life. Am J Perinatol 2021; 38:909-913. [PMID: 31910462 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The perceived fragility of extremely preterm neonates may deter paternal visitation early during the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay. We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between paternal visitation of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in our NICU and sociodemographic characteristics. STUDY DESIGN We identified inborn VLBW infants admitted to our NICU from 2017 to 2018. The rate of visit days in the first week of life was analyzed using Spearman's correlation and Poisson's regression. RESULTS The analysis included 292 infants (median gestational age [GA]: 29 weeks), with fathers present on a median of 3 days of the first week of life. GA was not correlated with visitation (rho = -0.04). On multivariable regression, fathers visited less frequently if they did not live with the mother or if the mother lived 25 to 75 km from the hospital versus < 25 km. CONCLUSION Fathers' visitation in our NICU was constrained by socioeconomic factors rather than VLBW infants' characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Lindsay Cortright
- Department of Pediatrics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Pediatrics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - John A Kohler
- Department of Pediatrics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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23
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Ghetti CM, Vederhus BJ, Gaden TS, Brenner AK, Bieleninik Ł, Kvestad I, Assmus J, Gold C. Longitudinal Study of Music Therapy's Effectiveness for Premature Infants and Their Caregivers (LongSTEP): Feasibility Study With a Norwegian Cohort. J Music Ther 2021; 58:201-240. [PMID: 33448286 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Premature infants and their parents experience significant stress during the perinatal period. Music therapy (MT) may support maternal-infant bonding during this critical period, but studies measuring impact across the infant's first year are lacking. This nonrandomized feasibility study used quantitative and qualitative methods within a critical realist perspective to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and suitability of the treatment arm of the Longitudinal Study of music Therapy's Effectiveness for Premature infants and their caregivers (LongSTEP) (NCT03564184) trial with a Norwegian cohort (N = 3). Families were offered MT emphasizing parent-led infant-directed singing during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization and across 3 months post-discharge. We used inductive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with parents at discharge from NICU and at 3 months and analyzed quantitative variables descriptively. Findings indicate that: (1) parents of premature infants are willing to participate in MT research where parental voice is a main means of musical interaction; (2) parents are generally willing to engage in MT in NICU and post-discharge phases, finding it particularly interesting to note infant responsiveness and interaction over time; (3) parents seek information about the aims and specific processes involved in MT; (4) the selected self-reports are reasonable to complete; and (5) the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire appears to be a suitable measure of impaired maternal-infant bonding. Parents reported that they were able to transfer resources honed during MT to parent-infant interactions outside MT and recognized parental voice as a central means of building relation with their infants. Results inform the implementation of a subsequent multinational trial that will address an important gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Ghetti
- The Grieg Academy-Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,GAMUT, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Łucja Bieleninik
- GAMUT, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ingrid Kvestad
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jörg Assmus
- GAMUT, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
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24
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Tesson S, Butow PN, Marshall K, Fonagy P, Kasparian NA. Parent-child bonding and attachment during pregnancy and early childhood following congenital heart disease diagnosis. Health Psychol Rev 2021; 16:378-411. [PMID: 33955329 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2021.1927136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD) can present challenges to the developing parent-child relationship due to periods of infant hospitalization and intensive medical care, parent-infant separations, child neurodevelopmental delay and feeding problems, and significant parent and child distress and trauma. Yet, the ways in which CHD may affect the parent-child relationship are not well-understood. We systematically reviewed the evidence on parental bonding, parent-child interaction, and child attachment following CHD diagnosis, according to a pre-registered protocol (CRD42019135687). Six electronic databases were searched for English-language studies comparing a cardiac sample (i.e., expectant parents or parents and their child aged 0-5 years with CHD) with a healthy comparison group on relational outcomes. Of 22 unique studies, most used parent-report measures (73%) and yielded mixed results for parental bonding and parent-child interaction quality. Observational results also varied, although most studies (4 of 6) found difficulties in parent-child interaction on one or more affective or behavioural domains (e.g., lower maternal sensitivity, lower infant responsiveness). Research on parental-fetal bonding, father-child relationships, and child attachment behaviour was lacking. Stronger evidence is needed to determine the nature, prevalence, and predictors of relational disruptions following CHD diagnosis, and to inform targeted screening, prevention, and early intervention programs for at-risk dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tesson
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phyllis N Butow
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kate Marshall
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,Cincinnati Children's Center for Heart Disease and Mental Health, Heart Institute and the Division of Behavioral Medicine & Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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25
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Rio L, Donadeo Fadda M, Lambert S, Ramelet AS. Beliefs and needs of fathers of newborns hospitalised in a neonatal unit: A descriptive correlational study. Aust Crit Care 2021; 35:167-173. [PMID: 34049773 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transition to parenthood is a wonderful yet stressful period especially when it involves the newborn's hospitalisation. To support and facilitate this transition, it is essential to understand parental beliefs and needs. The father's perspective remains an understudied yet fundamental question. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to measure beliefs and needs of fathers of newborns hospitalised in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their correlations with sociodemographic variables. METHODS Fathers with a newborn hospitalised for 4-15 days in a level III NICU in Western Switzerland completed the NICU Parental Beliefs Scale and the short form of the NICU Family Needs Inventory. For each item of the NICU Family Needs Inventory, fathers also answered with regard to their satisfaction level. Additional needs were collected with an added open-ended question. Simple linear regressions were used to correlate beliefs, needs, and the sociodemographic data. RESULTS Seventy fathers were included. The average score for paternal beliefs was 68.44 (standard deviation = 10.29), indicating a good perception of their role. The majority (77%) considered all needs as very important or important, and 70% were very satisfied or satisfied. Fathers described communication as a very important, but unmet, need. Fathers' beliefs were higher in those who were not first-time fathers (71.88 ± 8.27 vs 66.06 ± 10.97, p = 0.028), who had a paternity leave (72.68 ± 10.19 vs 66.05 ± 9.68, p = 0.014), and who were of foreign nationality (71.86 ± 9.39 vs 63.85 ± 9.80, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Fathers with a newborn hospitalised in the neonatal unit had good paternal beliefs. Most of the listed needs were perceived as very important and had a good level of satisfaction. Significant differences between Swiss fathers and fathers of foreign nationality were measured. Reasons of these differences should be explored in a forthcoming study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rio
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (IUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Milena Donadeo Fadda
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (IUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Lambert
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (IUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sylvie Ramelet
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (IUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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26
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Alnuaimi N, Tluczek A. Father's Bonding With an Infant Born Prematurely: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis. West J Nurs Res 2021; 44:493-505. [PMID: 33834922 DOI: 10.1177/01939459211002909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is no current theory that explains the process of a fathers' bonding with their infants born prematurely. Through meta-synthesis of 19 qualitative studies, we developed a conceptual framework to illustrate how fathers perceive the relationship with their premature infant formed over the first 18 months of life. It details the contextual factors that contribute to that process. Findings reveal a complex process comprised of five stages, derived from five core themes and related subthemes. Fathers progress through five sequential stages to establish their role as fathers and form emotional connections with their child. Stages include: (a) feeling alien and lacking emotional connection to the infant, (b) caregiving engagement and claiming the role as a father, (c) claiming the infant as their own, (d) adjusting to having the infant home, and (5) normalizing family life. This conceptual framework can inform future research and clinical interventions designed to foster father-infant bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisreen Alnuaimi
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Audrey Tluczek
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Abstract
During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, containment strategies aimed at limiting the spread of the virus were implemented but not to the extent as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Research is ongoing regarding disease symptomatology, transmission, and treatment for COVID-19. There are limited data regarding the effects of social distancing practices and restrictive hospital-visitation policies on the parent-infant dyad. The purpose of this commentary is to explore the implications of isolation practices on the parent-infant dyad during a pandemic.
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Needs of Socioeconomically Diverse Fathers of Premature Hospitalized Infants: A Multicenter Study. Adv Neonatal Care 2021; 21:E11-E22. [PMID: 32769372 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To effectively practice true family-centered care (FCC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting, a nurse needs to understand the perceptions and concerns of all fathers. Although research is emerging on fathers' perceptions and experiences, the samples of fathers represented are not from diverse socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic populations, which limit the findings' generalizability. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the needs of NICU fathers and whether these needs differed based on sociodemographic factors. METHODS A quantitative, comparative, descriptive design was used to determine the needs of NICU fathers. Additional analysis was conducted to determine whether the needs differed based on education, income, and gestational age, whether the father preferred speaking English or Spanish, and whether these sociodemographic factors could predict needs. To determine sociodemographic factors and needs, a demographic questionnaire and the NICU Family Needs Inventory were administered to 99 fathers in 6 level III NICUs. RESULTS Data were analyzed using independent sample t test, 1-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that fathers reported a broad span of needs and fathers from disadvantaged populations may have greater needs in certain areas. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE These results emphasize the importance of the nurses' role in assessing the needs of NICU fathers. By understanding fathers' needs, nurses can provide individualized FCC to fathers to help them be more involved in the care and support of their infant. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Further research is needed to support these findings and test interventions that promote communication between providers and fathers.
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House SA, Singh N, Wasserman JR, Kim Y, Ganduglia-Cazaban C, Goodman DC. Small-Area Variation in the Care of Low-Risk Neonates in Massachusetts and Texas. Hosp Pediatr 2020; 10:1059-1067. [PMID: 33214138 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of neonatal intensive care in improving outcomes for critically ill neonates led to rapid growth of NICU use in the United States, despite a relatively stable birth cohort. Less is known about NICU use among late-preterm and term infants, although recent studies have observed wide variation in their care patterns. In this study, we measure special care days (SCDs) (intermediate or intensive), length of stay, and readmission rates among low-risk neonates across regions within 2 states. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from Massachusetts (all payer claims) and Texas (BlueCross BlueShield) from 2009 to 2012. A low-risk cohort was defined by identifying newborns with diagnostic codes indicating a gestational age ≥35 weeks and birth weight ≥1500 g and excluding infants with diagnoses and procedures generally necessitating nonroutine care. Outcomes were measured across neonatal intensive care regions by diagnosis and payer type. RESULTS We identified 255 311 low-risk newborns. SCD use varied nearly sixfold across neonatal intensive care regions. Use was highest among commercially insured Texas infants (8.42 per 100), followed by Medicaid-insured Massachusetts infants (6.67 per 100) and commercially insured Massachusetts infants (5.15 per 100). Coefficients of variation indicated high variation within each payer-specific cohort and moderate to high variation across each condition. No consistent relationship between regional SCD use and 30-day readmissions was identified. CONCLUSIONS Use of NICU services varied widely across regions in this cohort of low-risk infants. Further investigation is needed to delineate outcomes associated with patterns of care received by this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A House
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire; .,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Jared R Wasserman
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Youngran Kim
- Division of Management, Policy and Community Health, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Cecilia Ganduglia-Cazaban
- Division of Management, Policy and Community Health, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - David C Goodman
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
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Carton AM, Cordwell J, Steinhardt K. A framework synthesis reviewing the impact of neonatal care unit admission on early caregiver-infant relationships. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:3258-3272. [PMID: 33058269 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To critically review and synthesize qualitative research pertaining to the establishment of early caregiver-infant relationships in the neonatal care unit (NCU). BACKGROUND It is well-established that bonding and attachment, established across the prenatal and early childhood periods, affect child cognitive and behavioural development. Proximity, reciprocity, and commitment are key to the formation of these early relationships. It is intuitively likely that an admission to the NCU may affect early reciprocal caregiver-infant relationships. DESIGN A qualitative best-fit framework synthesis. DATA SOURCES A systematic search of four databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, British Nursing Index and CINAHL) was conducted, from January 2000-December 2018. REVIEW METHODS The RATS quality appraisal tool was used to evaluate study quality. To ensure reliability, 20% of studies were randomly selected for independent rating. A "best-fit" synthesis approach using an existing framework of early parent-infant attachment and bonding was adopted to synthesize the review findings. FINDINGS Twenty studies, from an original 3,526 unique articles, were included in the review. Studies varied in the extent to which they demonstrated transparency of procedures and in the quality of recruitment information provided. The meta-synthesis demonstrated that proximity, reciprocity, and commitment were affected by admission to a NCU and identified that parental reflections on bonding and the role of staff in this process, were important factors to consider. CONCLUSIONS Caregiver-infant relationships are affected by admission to the NCU. The review theoretically supports moves to Family Integrated Care. Units should evaluate caregiver emotional state and consider the role of peer support. IMPACT The synthesis revealed that areas typically implicated in the formation of attachment and bonds were affected by admission to a NCU. Results have implications on the clinical care delivered as part of neonatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Myri Carton
- Oxford Institute for Clinical Psychology Training, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacinta Cordwell
- Oxford Children's Hospital, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen Steinhardt
- Oxford Children's Hospital, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Parents' experiences of emotional closeness to their infants in the neonatal unit: A meta-ethnography. Early Hum Dev 2020; 149:105155. [PMID: 32829240 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical and emotional parent-infant closeness activate important neurobiological mechanisms involved in parenting. In a neonatal care context, most research focuses on physical (parental presence, skin-to-skin contact) aspects; insights into emotional closeness can be masked by findings that overemphasise the barriers or challenges to parenting an infant during neonatal care. AIM To explore existing qualitative research to identify what facilitates and enables parents' experiences of emotional closeness to their infants while cared for in a neonatal unit. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review using meta-ethnographic methods. Search strategy involved searches on six databases, author runs, and backward and forward chaining. Reciprocal translation was used to identify and compare key concepts of parent-infant emotional closeness. RESULTS Searches identified 6992 hits, and 34 studies from 17 countries that involved 670 parents were included. Three overarching themes and associated sub-themes were developed. 'Embodied connections' describes how emotional closeness was facilitated by reciprocal parent-infant interactions, spending time as a family, and methods for parents to feel connected while physically separated. 'Inner knowing' concerns how knowledge about infant and maternal health and understanding the norms of neonatal care facilitated emotional closeness. 'Evolving parental role' relates to how emotional closeness was intertwined with parental identities of contributing to infant health, providing direct care, and being acknowledged as a parent. CONCLUSION Parent-infant closeness evolves and is facilitated by multifaceted biopsychosocial factors. Practice implications include creating private and uninterrupted family time, strategies for parents to maintain an emotional connection to their infant when separated, and neurobiology education for staff.
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Widding U, Hägglöf B, Adamsson M, Farooqi A. Parents of extremely and moderately preterm children reported long-lasting impressions of medical care and the hospital environment. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:1772-1777. [PMID: 31876043 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Few studies have examined the parents of moderately preterm children. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of parents of both extremely and moderately preterm children. METHODS Qualitative telephone interviews were conducted in 2013-2014 with 13 mothers and 10 fathers of extremely preterm children and with 11 mothers and seven fathers of moderately preterm children. The children were born between 2000 and 2003. Data were analysed with a narrative approach. RESULTS Parents of extremely preterm children recounted dramatic birth stories that, for most, ended positively. Parents of moderately preterm children presented more neutral birth stories, and most recounted that their children did not receive attention for prematurity from medical staff. Parents from both groups described staff members' treatment in terms of long-lasting impressions, and they were deeply affected by the hospital environment and the other parents and children admitted. Parents whose children died or were disabled recounted dramatic stories and endless fights for support. CONCLUSION Parents from both groups reported long-lasting impressions of the medical staff and the hospital environment, which they found important to talk about, even a decade after the birth of their child/children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Hägglöf
- Umeå University Umeå Sweden
- Umeå University Hospital Umeå Sweden
| | - Marie Adamsson
- Umeå University Umeå Sweden
- Umeå University Hospital Umeå Sweden
| | - Aijaz Farooqi
- Umeå University Umeå Sweden
- Umeå University Hospital Umeå Sweden
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Watson H, McLaren J, Carlisle N, Ratnavel N, Watts T, Zaima A, Tribe RM, Shennan AH. All the right moves: why in utero transfer is both important for the baby and difficult to achieve and new strategies for change. F1000Res 2020; 9. [PMID: 32913633 PMCID: PMC7429922 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25923.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The best way to ensure that preterm infants benefit from relevant neonatal expertise as soon as they are born is to transfer the mother and baby to an appropriately specialised neonatal facility before birth (“
in utero”). This review explores the evidence surrounding the importance of being born in the right unit, the advantages of
in utero transfers compared to
ex utero transfers, and how to accurately assess which women are at most risk of delivering early and the challenges of
in utero transfers. Accurate identification of the women most at risk of preterm birth is key to prioritising who to transfer antenatally, but the administrative burden and pathway variation of
in utero transfer in the UK are likely to compromise optimal clinical care. Women reported the impact that
in utero transfers have on them, including the emotional and financial burdens of being transferred and the anxiety surrounding domestic and logistical concerns related to being away from home. The final section of the review explores new approaches to reforming the
in utero transfer process, including learning from outside the UK and changing policy and guidelines. Examples of collaborative regional guidance include the recent Pan-London guidance on
in utero transfers. Reforming the transfer process can also be aided through technology, such as utilising the CotFinder app. In utero transfer is an unavoidable aspect of maternity and neonatal care, and the burden will increase if preterm birth rates continue to rise in association with increased rates of multiple pregnancy, advancing maternal age, assisted reproductive technologies, and obstetric interventions. As funding and capacity pressures on health services increase because of the COVID-19 pandemic, better prioritisation and sustained multi-disciplinary commitment are essential to maximise better outcomes for babies born too soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Watson
- Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James McLaren
- Gosford Hospital, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Naomi Carlisle
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tim Watts
- Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Rachel M Tribe
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew H Shennan
- Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Comparative Evaluation of Parental Stress Experiences Up to 2 to 3 Years After Preterm and Term Birth. Adv Neonatal Care 2020; 20:301-313. [PMID: 32108660 PMCID: PMC7379044 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parenting stress after preterm birth (PTB) has negative long-term effects on parenting. Research about parental experiences after PTB and on parenting stress in early childhood has focused on mothers.
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Gibson R, Kilcullen M. The Impact of Web-Cameras on Parent-Infant Attachment in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. J Pediatr Nurs 2020; 52:e77-e83. [PMID: 32014335 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM The introduction of web-cameras in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) has made it possible for parents to see their sick or premature infant when they cannot be close to them due to prolonged hospital admissions. However, there is a paucity of research into the impact of this technology on the wellbeing of families. A systematic review was conducted to identify previous research and suggest avenues for future inquiry. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Research studies written in English that investigated the impact of web-cameras on parent-infant attachment in the NICU were sought for inclusion. However, due to the dearth of studies focused on this question, the eligibility criteria were extended to include any study that assessed the impact of web-camera use on mechanisms that impact attachment quality, such as bonding, anxiety, stress, and depression. RESULTS A total of 152 articles were identified. After duplicates and other non-suitable articles were removed, three studies met eligibility criteria for review. CONCLUSION There are promising indications that the use of web-cameras in the NICU enhances parent-infant attachment by strengthening parents' feelings of closeness to their infants, increasing parental responsiveness and reducing parental stress and anxiety. However, while the overall effects appear to be positive, negative impacts affecting a small proportion of parents were identified. This highlights the need to identify who is most likely to benefit from web-camera technology and who requires alternative supports. IMPLICATIONS Web-cameras are a useful adjunct to methods of family-centred care, however, more research is needed to optimise their use and minimise potential harm.
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Govindaswamy P, Laing S, Waters D, Walker K, Spence K, Badawi N. Stressors of parents of infants undergoing neonatal surgery for major non-cardiac congenital anomalies in a surgical neonatal intensive care unit. J Paediatr Child Health 2020; 56:512-520. [PMID: 31774595 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM As more babies survive major neonatal surgery, the quality of life of the whole family is a major focus of health care. While there is evidence suggesting that parents of babies admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) experience high levels of stress, little is known about stressors in parents whose infants also require neonatal surgery. This study identified fathers' and mothers' stressors in a surgical NICU. METHODS Parents of infants admitted for general surgery to the NICU at a tertiary children's hospital from February 2014 to September 2015 were eligible for enrolment. Parents completed the Parental Stressor Scale: NICU to measure levels of stress related to three subscales: sights and sounds, infant appearance and parental role alteration, using a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS Data for 111 parents (57% mothers) showed parental role alteration as the greatest stressor for parents (M = 2.98, standard deviation (SD) = 0.89), particularly for mothers, followed by infant appearance (M = 2.84, SD = 0.95). Both fathers and mothers rated feeling helpless (M = 4.1, SD = 1.0), unable to protect their baby (M = 4.1, SD = 0.9) and seeing their baby in pain (M = 3.9, SD = 1.2) the most common, most stressful experiences and highest contributors to overall stress in the surgical NICU environment. CONCLUSION Parental role alteration is the greatest stressor for parents in the surgical NICU. Reducing stress for parents of infants undergoing neonatal surgery requires management of the infant's pain and strategies to support parents in their role in the NICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Govindaswamy
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sharon Laing
- School of Social Science and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Donna Waters
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Walker
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaye Spence
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nadia Badawi
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Escribano S, Oliver-Roig A, Cano-Climent A, Richart-Martínez M, Juliá-Sanchis R. Factors Related to the Intra-Partner Postnatal Sense of Security in a Spanish Sample. J Pediatr Nurs 2020; 51:e85-e91. [PMID: 31902539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fathers' sense of security and their related factors during the process of parenthood remains largely unexplored. The objectives were to analyse: the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Parent's Postnatal Sense of Security scale used for fathers, and the factors related to fathers' sense of security during the postpartum period. METHODS A total of 583 fathers participated. The fathers' version of the questionnaire was adapted for Spanish speakers. The psychometric properties of the instrument and its relationship with the mother's sense of security were considered. FINDINGS The results showed that the data fit well with the original model (TLI = 0.98, CFI = 0.98, and RMSEA = 0.05). The fathers' sense of security was associated with previously having become a father (t = -2.39, p = .02), the level of state anxiety (r = -0.34; p < .01) and trait anxiety (r = -0.24; p < .01), as well as the sense of security of their partners (r = 0.55, p < .001). In the regression analysis, the mothers' sense of security construct provided the greatest explanation of the model. DISCUSSION The results of this study highlight the importance of considering the family unit in pre-, intra-, and postnatal education in order to increase the sense of security of both parents and reduce their anxiety levels. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE This study provides Spanish healthcare professionals with access to a scale for assessing fathers' sense of security in the immediate postpartum period and allows them to identify needs in the process of becoming parents, emphasising the inclusion of both parents in any intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Escribano
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (Spain) Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Spain.
| | - Antonio Oliver-Roig
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (Spain) Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Spain.
| | - Antoni Cano-Climent
- Hospital General d'Ontinyent, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública Av/ Francisco Cerda, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Richart-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (Spain) Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Spain.
| | - Rocio Juliá-Sanchis
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (Spain) Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, Spain.
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The Role of the NICU in Father Involvement, Beliefs, and Confidence: A Follow-up Qualitative Study. Adv Neonatal Care 2020; 20:80-89. [PMID: 31567277 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fathers are important to infant outcomes. Infants of involved fathers have improved weight gain, sleep, and psychosocial behaviors. Father involvement with neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants reduces the length of stay. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore and describe involvement, confidence, and beliefs of fathers of infants who were hospitalized in the NICU and discharged home in order to begin to investigate NICU father involvement from a longitudinal perspective. METHODS This exploratory qualitative study was conducted 4 to 5 years after the initial NICU stay using telephone interviews. Fathers who participated in this study were selected from participants of a previous NICU study. Qualitative analysis was conducted using standard procedures for grounded theory. RESULTS Nineteen fathers participated in the study. The major themes were "It was scary," "Just be there," "It was rough," "It's not about yourself," "A special bond," and "Almost a treat." The fathers reported that the NICU providers, nurses, and staff helped them to overcome uncertainty and lack of knowledge, which helped them improve their confidence and involvement during the NICU stay. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Fathers see nurses as a source of support. Nurses can encourage fathers to visit regularly and participate in infant care activities. NICU presence aids fathers in developing confidence and knowledge in parenting during their child's infancy, which can set the stage for ongoing involvement. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Future work should continue to focus on longitudinal studies of fathering and the role of the NICU in encouraging involvement and parenting readiness.
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Premji SS, Reilly S, Currie G, Dosani A, Oliver LM, Lodha AK, Young M, Hall M, Williamson T. Experiences, mental well-being and community-based care needs of fathers of late preterm infants: A mixed-methods pilot study. Nurs Open 2020; 7:127-136. [PMID: 31871696 PMCID: PMC6917944 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims We explore fathers' experience of caring for a late preterm infant including their stressors, needs and corresponding interventions proffered by public health nurses. Design Pilot mixed-methods exploratory sequential design. Methods We collected (a) qualitative data from semi-structured interviews (N = 5) and (b) quantitative data (N = 31) about fathers' levels of stress (Parenting Stress Index), anxiety (Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) at 6-8 weeks after birth of their infant. Results Fathers appreciated their infant was born 'early', however, discovered through experience the demands of their infant, which appeared as stress (child and parent domains) and anxiety. Themes: hypervigilance in care explained the fathers' sense of competency and role restriction; infant fatigue and parental feeding elucidated the stressful aspect of father-infant interaction. Unscientific advice from healthcare providers was confusing and frustrating while uncertainty of rehospitalization caused worries, fears or stress. One father experienced depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Reilly
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyHealth, Community & Education, Mount Royal UniversityCalgaryABCanada
| | - Aliyah Dosani
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyHealth, Community & Education, Mount Royal UniversityCalgaryABCanada
| | | | - Abhay K. Lodha
- Department of Community Health SciencesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PaediatricsAlberta Health ServicesFoothills Medical CentreCalgaryABCanada
| | - Marilyn Young
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PaediatricsAlberta Health ServicesFoothills Medical CentreCalgaryABCanada
- Prenatal & Postpartum ServicesPublic Health Calgary ZoneAlberta Health ServicesCalgaryABCanada
| | - Marc Hall
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Tyler Williamson
- Department of Community Health SciencesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Cumberpatch AR, Weston PJ, Harding JE, Harris DL. Parents of babies who participated in an invasive clinical study report a positive experience: the Glucose in Well Babies (GLOW) study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2020; 105:4-7. [PMID: 31666312 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a paucity of data about normal blood metabolite concentrations in healthy babies, in part because of a reluctance to undertake non-therapeutic invasive testing in newborns. The Glucose in Well Babies study (GLOW) sought to describe blood glucose, lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in healthy term babies over the first 5 postnatal days. We also sought to understand both parents' experience of participation in this invasive non-therapeutic study. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS Eligible babies were healthy, term, appropriately grown singletons born in a birthing centre, hospital or home within the greater Hamilton area and then discharged home. Babies had subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring placed soon after birth, up to 14 heel-prick blood samples, twice-daily home visits and parents were asked to record all feeds. At study completion, both parents were asked to independently complete a questionnaire about their experience. RESULTS All eligible babies completed the study and every parent completed the questionnaire (65 fathers, 66 mothers). Parents reported they liked contributing to improving healthcare (126/131, 96%) and support from the GLOW team (119/131, 91%). Nearly all (127/131, 97%) would participate in GLOW again if they had another eligible baby, and all would recommend GLOW to family and friends. Two-thirds of parents (87/131, 66%) reported that participation had made them more likely to contribute to clinical research in the future. CONCLUSIONS Non-therapeutic studies involving invasive procedures in healthy term babies are feasible, and parents were positive about their experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana R Cumberpatch
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Weston
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Jane E Harding
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deborah L Harris
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand .,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Needs and stressors of parents of term and near-term infants in the NICU: A systematic review with best practice guidelines. Early Hum Dev 2019; 139:104839. [PMID: 31439386 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Having a sick infant in the NICU can be quite stressful and overwhelming to parents. They require support and may have varied needs. A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies from 5 electronic databases (Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Sociological Abstracts), covering January 2001 - March 2016 identified the needs and stressors of parents of term or near-term Infants in the NICU. Six articles addressed the needs and 14 identified the stressors of parents. Parents' most important need was for accurate and honest information. Needs focused around sensitive infant care and involvement in decision-making. The greatest stressor for parents was alteration to the parental role, followed by infant appearance. Fathers and parents of infants undergoing surgery are an under-researched population. Based on the evidence, enhancing staff-parent communication would better meet parental needs and reduce stressors. Our key recommendations highlight the need for family-centred and individualised care practices in the NICU.
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Stefana A, Lavelli M, Rossi G, Beebe B. Interactive sequences between fathers and preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Early Hum Dev 2019; 140:104888. [PMID: 31670161 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The first purpose of the study was to examine fathers' spontaneous communicative behavior with their preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, and how father's and infant's behaviors affected each other. The second purpose was to examine any possible association between the fathers' and/or infants' characteristics and the quality of fathers' behaviors with their infants. STUDY DESIGN/SUBJECTS/OUTCOME MEASURES Father-preterm infant dyads (n=20) were assessed at 34-36 weeks postmenstrual age, during a spontaneous face-to-face communication with the infant placed in a heated cot in the NICU, and coded according to the Parent-Preterm Infant Coding System. RESULTS The presence of the father's Affiliative Behavior increased the occurrences of infant Gazing at the parent's face. In turn, infant gazing increased the occurrence of paternal Affiliative Behavior. The likelihood of infant's Gazing at the father's face was also significantly elicited by infrequent occurrences of paternal Affectionate Talk, co-occurring with Gazing at infant with Positive Facial Affect (but no Touch). With regard to the predictors of quality in father-infant interactions, we found a significant positive correlation between fathers' level of depressive symptomatology and fathers' Affiliative Behavior. CONCLUSION Our results show the of bidirectional sequential patterns of communication between fathers and preterm infants at 35 weeks postmenstrual age, and provide important information about the quality and modalities of paternal communication and their influence on infant behavioral states. From a clinical perspective, these results suggest that father-specific interventions designed to improve and sustain fathers' positive engagement with infants in the NICU should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Lavelli
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Germano Rossi
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Beebe
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 40 Haven Avenue Unit 78 New York, NY 10032, USA
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Ghetti C, Bieleninik Ł, Hysing M, Kvestad I, Assmus J, Romeo R, Ettenberger M, Arnon S, Vederhus BJ, Söderström Gaden T, Gold C. Longitudinal Study of music Therapy's Effectiveness for Premature infants and their caregivers (LongSTEP): protocol for an international randomised trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025062. [PMID: 31481362 PMCID: PMC6731830 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preterm birth has major medical, psychological and socioeconomic consequences worldwide. Music therapy (MT) has positive effects on physiological measures of preterm infants and maternal anxiety, but rigorous studies including long-term follow-up are missing. Drawing on caregivers' inherent resources, this study emphasises caregiver involvement in MT to promote attuned, developmentally appropriate musical interactions that may be of mutual benefit to infant and parent. This study will determine whether MT, as delivered by a qualified music therapist during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalisation and/or in home/municipal settings following discharge, is superior to standard care in improving bonding between primary caregivers and preterm infants, parent well-being and infant development. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Design: international multicentre, assessor-blind, 2×2 factorial, pragmatic randomised controlled trial; informed by a completed feasibility study. Participants: 250 preterm infants and their parents. Intervention: MT focusing on parental singing specifically tailored to infant responses, will be delivered during NICU and/or during a postdischarge 6-month period. Primary outcome: changes in mother-infant bonding at 6-month corrected age (CA), as measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes: mother-infant bonding at discharge and at 12-month CA; child development over 24 months; and parental depression, anxiety and stress, and infant rehospitalisation, all over 12 months. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics approved the study (2018/994/REK Nord, 03 July 2018). Service users were involved in development of the study and will be involved in implementation and dissemination. Dissemination of findings will apply to local, national and international levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03564184.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ghetti
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, The Grieg Academy - Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Łucja Bieleninik
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Psychology, Uniwersytet Gdanski, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Kvestad
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jörg Assmus
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Renee Romeo
- King's Health Economics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Ettenberger
- Department of Patient and Family Care, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- SONO - Centro de Musicoterapia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Shmuel Arnon
- Neonatal Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Tora Söderström Gaden
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Gold
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
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Kostandy RR, Ludington-Hoe SM. The evolution of the science of kangaroo (mother) care (skin-to-skin contact). Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:1032-1043. [PMID: 31419082 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the early 1970s, researchers in Ohio, USA, investigated the effects of "Extra Contact" between mothers and their infants early after birth. The "Extra Contact" consisted of the skin-to-skin holding of the newborn infant on the mother's bare chest as soon as possible after birth. In the mid 1970s, Rey and Martinez in Bogota Colombia started investigating the same care method and they called it "Kangaroo Care" (KC). Infants are held upright, skin-to-skin on the mother's bare chest. KC, also referred to as Kangaroo Mother Care or Skin-to-Skin Contact, has been and continue to be investigated for its effects on a plethora of infant, maternal and family outcomes. Evolution of our understanding of the advantages of KC has dramatically changed the care of infants including at risk infants. This article provides a look at the past and present. It also provides insight on how we can shape the future to provide the optimal care for infants, mothers, and the whole family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan M Ludington-Hoe
- Carl W. & Margaret Davis Walter Professor of Pediatric Nursing, Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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45
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The effectiveness of a parent participation improvement program for parents on partnership, attachment infant growth in a neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 95:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Clarkson G, Gilmer MJ, Moore E, Dietrich MS, McBride BA. Cross-sectional survey of factors associated with paternal involvement in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:3977-3990. [PMID: 31240757 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE To describe factors associated with father involvement in the neonatal intensive care unit using the Heuristic model of the dynamic of parental behaviour and influence on children over time. BACKGROUND Research shows that infants with involved fathers have better cognitive development, fewer crying episodes after caesarean birth, improved breastfeeding exclusivity and duration, and more regular sleep patterns. Preterm infants with involved fathers have improved cognitive development. DESIGN This cross-sectional exploratory study used survey methodology to explore factors associated with father involvement in the neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS The STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was used (see Appendix S2). Biological fathers of infants in a 97-bed neonatal intensive care unit in the southern USA completed a survey which asked about their involvement with their hospitalised infants and factors which affected that involvement. Eighty fathers completed the survey. RESULTS Age ranged between 20-53 with 43% first-time fathers. Compared to less involved fathers, fathers who were more involved were younger, married or living with the mother, performed kangaroo care or fathers of multiple gestation. Fathers who had attended the delivery were more likely to bathe their infants than those who had not attended the delivery and fathers who performed kangaroo care felt more confident than those who did not. Compared to fathers who visited less often, fathers who visited more often were younger, had infants with a shorter hospitalisation time and lower acuity, and had fewer children in the family. CONCLUSIONS Fathers are involved with their neonatal intensive care unit infants in many ways. Factors were identified that affect involvement in the neonatal intensive care unit. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Results can help nurses in neonatal intensive care units worldwide facilitate father-infant interaction, identify fathers at risk for decreased involvement and advocate for institutional policy development for supporting neonatal intensive care unit father involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Clarkson
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary Jo Gilmer
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Moore
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary S Dietrich
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brent A McBride
- Child Development Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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47
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Widding U, Hägglöf B, Farooqi A. Parents of preterm children narrate constructive aspects of their experiences. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:4110-4118. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Hägglöf
- Department of Clinical Sciences: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Umeå University Hospital Umeå Sweden
| | - Aijaz Farooqi
- Department of Neonatology: Child and Adolescent Medicine Umeå University Hospital Umeå Sweden
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48
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Lundqvist P, Weis J, Sivberg B. Parents’ journey caring for a preterm infant until discharge from hospital‐based neonatal home care—A challenging process to cope with. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:2966-2978. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Lundqvist
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Janne Weis
- Neonatal Department and the Research Unit for Women’s and Children’s Health Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Bengt Sivberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
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49
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O'Donovan A, Nixon E. "Weathering the storm:" Mothers' and fathers' experiences of parenting a preterm infant. Infant Ment Health J 2019; 40:573-587. [PMID: 31044448 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Parenting preterm infants is a unique experience distinct from parenting full-term infants, characterized by a delayed transition to parenthood and limited caregiving opportunities. This study explored mothers' and fathers' lived experiences of parenting during infancy in the context of preterm birth. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 parents (6 fathers, 7 mothers) of preterm infants. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four superordinate themes emerged: (a) An unnatural disaster: The traumatic nature of preterm birth, (b) The immediate aftermath: Disconnected and displaced, (c) Breaking the ice: Moving from frozen to melted, and (d) Aftershocks: Transitioning home. Both parents experienced preterm birth as traumatic. Similarities and differences in mothers' and fathers' experiences were identified. Preterm birth posed challenges for nurturant and social caregiving and resulted in anxiety, hypervigilance, and overprotective parenting behavior. The results highlight the need for trauma-informed care and further research developing and testing empirically based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Nixon
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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50
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Govindaswamy P, Laing S, Waters D, Walker K, Spence K, Badawi N. Needs of parents in a surgical neonatal intensive care unit. J Paediatr Child Health 2019; 55:567-573. [PMID: 30288834 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM While there is evidence of parental needs in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), parents of newborns admitted for general surgery are an under-researched population. This study aimed to identify needs in parents of newborns admitted to the NICU for general surgery and whether health-care professionals meet these needs. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 111 parents (57% mothers) of newborns admitted to a surgical NICU for general surgery in Australia from January 2014 to September 2015. Parents completed the Neonatal Family Needs Inventory (NFNI), comprising 56 items in five subscales (Support, Comfort, Information, Proximity, Assurance) at admission and discharge, as well as the Social Desirability Scale (SDS). Data were analysed using parametric and non-parametric techniques. RESULTS At both admission and discharge, parents rated Assurance (M = 3.8, standard deviation (SD) = 0.24) needs as the most important, followed by Proximity (M = 3.6, SD = 0.32) and Information (M = 3.5, SD = 0.38). Mothers rated Assurance significantly more important than fathers (P < 0.02). Overall, parents' most important needs were having questions answered honestly (M = 3.96, SD = 0.19), seeing their infant frequently and knowing about the medical treatment (both M = 3.95, SD = 0.23). The 10 most important needs were met for more than 96% of parents, with no evidence of response bias. CONCLUSIONS Reassurance is a priority need for parents in the surgical NICU. Mothers' and fathers' needs may be best met by practices based on family-centred, individualised care principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Govindaswamy
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sharon Laing
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Donna Waters
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Walker
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaye Spence
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nadia Badawi
- Grace Centre for Newborn Care, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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