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Gandy K, Hall L, Krull KR, Esbensen AJ, Rubnitz J, Jacola LM. Neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes in survivors of childhood leukemia with Down syndrome. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6842. [PMID: 38240104 PMCID: PMC10905531 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a developmentally tailored neurocognitive assessment in survivors of childhood acute leukemia with Down syndrome (DS-leukemia). A secondary aim was to compare outcomes in the DS-leukemia group to a historical comparison group of individuals with DS and no history of childhood cancer. METHODS Survivors of DS-leukemia (n = 43; 56% male, mean [SD] age at diagnosis = 4.3 [4.5] years; age at evaluation = 15 [7.9] years) completed a neurocognitive assessment battery that included direct measures of attention, executive function, and processing speed, and proxy ratings of attention problems and executive dysfunction. Direct assessment outcomes were compared to a historical comparison cohort of individuals with DS and no history of childhood cancer (DS-control; n = 117; 56% male, mean [SD] age at evaluation = 12.7 [3.4] years). RESULTS Rates of valid task completion ranged from 54% to 95%, suggesting feasibility for most direct assessment measures. Compared to the DS-control group, the DS-leukemia group had significantly lower completion rates on measures of executive function (p = 0.008) and processing speed (p = 0.018) compared to the DS-control group. There were no other significant group differences in completion rates. Compared to the DS-control group, the DS-leukemia group had significantly more accurate performance on two measures of executive function (p = 0.032; p = 0.005). Compared to the DS-control group, the DS-leukemia group had significantly more problems with executive function as identified on proxy ratings (6.5% vs. 32.6%, p = <0.001). CONCLUSION Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk for developing acute leukemia compared to the general population but are systematically excluded from neurocognitive outcome studies among leukemia survivors. This study demonstrated the feasibility of evaluating neurocognitive late effects in leukemia survivors with DS using novel measures appropriate for populations with intellectual developmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellen Gandy
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Department of Social SciencesUniversity of Houston DowntownHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Lacey Hall
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Kevin R. Krull
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Anna J. Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center & University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Jeffrey Rubnitz
- Department of OncologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Lisa M. Jacola
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
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Fukami-Gartner A, Baburamani AA, Dimitrova R, Patkee PA, Ojinaga-Alfageme O, Bonthrone AF, Cromb D, Uus AU, Counsell SJ, Hajnal JV, O’Muircheartaigh J, Rutherford MA. Comprehensive volumetric phenotyping of the neonatal brain in Down syndrome. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:8921-8941. [PMID: 37254801 PMCID: PMC10350827 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability with a wide range of neurodevelopmental outcomes. To date, there have been very few in vivo neuroimaging studies of the neonatal brain in DS. In this study we used a cross-sectional sample of 493 preterm- to term-born control neonates from the developing Human Connectome Project to perform normative modeling of regional brain tissue volumes from 32 to 46 weeks postmenstrual age, accounting for sex and age variables. Deviation from the normative mean was quantified in 25 neonates with DS with postnatally confirmed karyotypes from the Early Brain Imaging in DS study. Here, we provide the first comprehensive volumetric phenotyping of the neonatal brain in DS, which is characterized by significantly reduced whole brain, cerebral white matter, and cerebellar volumes; reduced relative frontal and occipital lobar volumes, in contrast with enlarged relative temporal and parietal lobar volumes; enlarged relative deep gray matter volume (particularly the lentiform nuclei); and enlargement of the lateral ventricles, amongst other features. In future, the ability to assess phenotypic severity at the neonatal stage may help guide early interventions and, ultimately, help improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abi Fukami-Gartner
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Ana A Baburamani
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Prachi A Patkee
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Olatz Ojinaga-Alfageme
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra F Bonthrone
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Cromb
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alena U Uus
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Onnivello S, Schworer EK, Daunhauer LA, Fidler DJ. Acquisition of cognitive and communication milestones in infants with Down syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2023; 67:239-253. [PMID: 34761472 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the timing of developmental milestones in typical and clinical populations facilitates intervention planning and the early detection of risk for co-occurring conditions. Normative timing of developmental milestone achievement has been established for typically developing children. However, there is little information regarding the timing of cognitive and communication skill acquisition in young children with Down syndrome (DS). The objectives of this study are to (1) provide foundational information regarding the timing of cognitive and communication skill acquisition in infants with DS and (2) facilitate the early identification of infants with risk for co-occurring conditions. METHOD Seventy-four infants with DS (age range: 4-18 months) completed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (Bayley 2006). Individual items from the cognitive and communication scales were selected for analysis. Parents provided information regarding their infant's developmental and family history. RESULTS The percentage of infants who attained each skill was calculated within 2-month age bands. For infants who did not show skill acquisition within each age band, the rates of prematurity, heart defects, corrective heart surgery and significant illness were calculated as well. CONCLUSIONS This study provides foundational information that can contribute to the formulation of a developmental schedule for cognitive and language milestone acquisition in infants with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Onnivello
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E K Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - L A Daunhauer
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D J Fidler
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Van Deusen K, Prince MA, Esbensen AJ, Edgin JO, Schworer EK, Thurman AJ, Patel LR, Daunhauer LA, Fidler DJ. Profiles of Caregiver-Reported Executive Function in Children with Down Syndrome. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1333. [PMID: 36291267 PMCID: PMC9599143 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at risk for challenges with aspects of executive function (EF). The current study explores whether heterogeneity in EF profiles can be detected within a sample of children with DS. Participants were 69 children with DS, ages 3-10 years (M = 6.23, SD = 1.91). T-scores from a caregiver-report measure of executive function were modeled using latent profile analysis, and auxiliary analyses examined the association between demographic and biomedical factors and probability of profile membership. The two-profile solution was the best fit for the sample, with a profile that involved elevated scores in working memory only ("Working Memory Only" profile; 43% of sample) and a "Multi-Domain" profile that involved elevated scores in planning, inhibition, and working memory (57%). The presence of congenital heart defects was associated with a higher probability of assignment to the Multi-Domain profile. Findings from this study contribute to the characterization of heterogeneous outcomes associated with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylyn Van Deusen
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mark A. Prince
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Anna J. Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jamie O. Edgin
- Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Emily K. Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Angela John Thurman
- Department of Psychiatry, MIND Institute, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Lina R. Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lisa A. Daunhauer
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Deborah J. Fidler
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Schworer EK, Ahmed A, Hogenkamp L, Moore S, Esbensen AJ. Associations among co-occurring medical conditions and cognition, language, and behavior in Down syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 126:104236. [PMID: 35468571 PMCID: PMC9376933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific medical conditions are more prevalent in Down syndrome (DS) compared to the general population. Medical heterogeneity has also been hypothesized to contribute to variability in outcomes in DS. AIMS This project aimed to examine the association between medical conditions (i.e., gastrointestinal issues, hearing loss, vision problems, and congenital heart defects) and cognition, language, and behavior in children and adolescents with DS. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Participants were 73 children and adolescents with DS, ages 6-17 years (M = 12.67, SD = 3.16). Caregivers reported on participants' medical conditions, social behaviors, maladaptive behaviors, and executive function. Child cognitive abilities were also assessed. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Of the 73 participants, 34.2% had gastrointestinal issues, 12.3% had uncorrected hearing loss, 26.0% had uncorrected vision problems, and 31.5% had congenital heart defects. Participants with gastrointestinal issues had significantly more challenges with social behaviors, maladaptive behaviors, and executive function compared to those without gastrointestinal issues. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The associations identified between gastrointestinal issues and caregiver-reported behavioral characteristics in youth with DS contributes to our understanding of the interrelation between co-occurring medical conditions and child outcomes and has implications for approaches to care for individuals with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Ameena Ahmed
- LEND Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lori Hogenkamp
- LEND Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shelby Moore
- LEND Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna J Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Cognitive profiles in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1936. [PMID: 35121796 PMCID: PMC8816899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05825-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Down syndrome (DS) phenotype is usually characterized by relative strengths in non-verbal skills and deficits in verbal processing, but high interindividual variability has been registered in the syndrome. The goal of this study was to explore the cognitive profile, considering verbal and non-verbal intelligence, of children and adolescents with DS, also taking into account interindividual variability. We particularly aimed to investigate whether this variability means that we should envisage more than one cognitive profile in this population. The correlation between cognitive profile and medical conditions, parents’ education levels and developmental milestones was also explored. Seventy-two children/adolescents with DS, aged 7–16 years, were assessed with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-III. Age-equivalent scores were adopted, and Verbal and Non-Verbal indices were obtained for each individual. The cognitive profile of the group as a whole was characterized by similar scores in the verbal and non-verbal domain. Cluster analysis revealed three different profiles, however: one group, with the lowest scores, had the typical profile associated with DS (with higher non-verbal than verbal intelligence); one, with intermediate scores, had greater verbal than non-verbal intelligence; and one, with the highest scores, fared equally well in the verbal and non-verbal domain. Three cognitive profiles emerged, suggesting that educational support for children and adolescents with DS may need to be more specific.
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7
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Del Hoyo Soriano L, Rosser TC, Hamilton DR, Harvey DJ, Abbeduto L, Sherman SL. Relationship between Apgar scores and long-term cognitive outcomes in individuals with Down syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12707. [PMID: 34135349 PMCID: PMC8208985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the contribution of the Apgar score at 1 and 5 min after birth to later cognitive functioning in 168 individuals with Down syndrome who were between 6 and 25 years of age at time of cognitive testing. Our results showed that a lower Apgar score at 1 min was related to a worse performance in later cognitive measures of receptive vocabulary, verbal comprehension and production, visual memory and working memory. Results also showed that a lower Apgar score at 5 min was only related to worse later outcomes of verbal comprehension and production and auditory working memory. Our findings suggest a need for future studies investigating how specific perinatal events reflected in the Apgar score are linked to later cognitive functioning in individuals with Down syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Del Hoyo Soriano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Tracie C Rosser
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Debra R Hamilton
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Danielle J Harvey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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8
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Saksida A, Brotto D, Pizzamiglio G, Bianco E, Bressan S, Feresin A, Bin M, Orzan E. The Influence of Hearing Impairment on Mental Age in Down Syndrome: Preliminary Results. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:752259. [PMID: 34746062 PMCID: PMC8564471 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.752259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased life expectancy for patients with Down Syndrome (DS) has elicited the need to improve their quality of life by enhancing functional outcomes and identifying the factors that contribute to their long-term cognitive decline. Although the majority of individuals with DS have issues with hearing impairment (HI) since early childhood, to our knowledge no study has investigated whether HI represents a potential modulator of cognitive decline over time. The present explorative cohort study, albeit very preliminary due to the limited cohort (17 children), highlights the significant relation of a significant HI not only with receptive language abilities, but also with mental age in young patients with DS. Additional studies are required to confirm the link between HI and mental age and to assess the impact of audiological treatment on the enhancement of functional outcomes and of cognitive decline in individuals with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Saksida
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Brotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Pizzamiglio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Bianco
- Associazione Sindrome di Down Onlus (AGBD), Centro di riabilitazione funzionale per disabili Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Bressan
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Agnese Feresin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maura Bin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Eva Orzan
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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The relationship between chronic health conditions and cognitive deficits in children, adolescents, and young adults with down syndrome: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239040. [PMID: 32915911 PMCID: PMC7485757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with Down syndrome are predisposed to a number of chronic health conditions, but the relationship between these conditions and cognitive ability is not clear. The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess this relationship by evaluating studies that measure cognitive performance in the context of Down syndrome-associated chronic health conditions. Methods A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies included in this review (1) included children, adolescent, and young adult participants with Down syndrome and one or more co-occurring health conditions; (2) were quantitative; and (3) reported outcomes related to both chronic health conditions and cognitive performance. A set of predetermined chronic health conditions that are common in Down syndrome (e.g. sleep disorders, congenital heart disease, thyroid disease, seizure disorders, and pulmonary hypertension) were selected based on prevalence rates in Down syndrome. Results Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria. The majority these of studies assessed cognitive performance in association with sleep disorders (47%) and congenital heart disease (47%). Fewer studies reported on the effect of thyroid disease (7%) and seizure disorders (7%) on cognitive ability. None of the studies reported cognitive outcomes related to pulmonary hypertension. Of the chronic health conditions evaluated, associations between sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunction were most common among individuals with Down syndrome. Conclusions Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit deficits in cognitive ability, particularly related to attention, executive function and verbal processing. These deficits may be further exacerbated by the presence of chronic health conditions, particularly sleep disorders. Individuals with Down syndrome and co-occurring sleep disorders may benefit from early interventions to mitigate their risk for adverse cognitive outcomes.
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Lagan N, Huggard D, Mc Grane F, Leahy TR, Franklin O, Roche E, Webb D, O’ Marcaigh A, Cox D, El-Khuffash A, Greally P, Balfe J, Molloy EJ. Multiorgan involvement and management in children with Down syndrome. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:1096-1111. [PMID: 31899550 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To review multiorgan involvement and management in children with Down syndrome (DS). METHODS A literature review of articles from 1980 to 2019 using the MEDLINE interface of PubMed was performed using the following search terms- [Down syndrome] or [Trisomy 21] AND [Cardiology] or [Respiratory] or [neurodevelopment] or [epilepsy] or [musculoskeletal] or [immune system] or [haematological] or [endocrine] or [gastrointestinal] or [ophthalmological] or [Ear Nose Throat] or [dermatology] or [renal]. RESULTS Congenital heart disease particularly septal defects occur in over 60% of infants with DS and 5%-34% of infants develop persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn irrespective of a diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Early recognition and management of aspiration, obstructive sleep apnoea and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) could reduce risk of developing pulmonary hypertension in later childhood. Children with DS have an increased risk of autistic spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder and epilepsy particularly infantile spasms, which are associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal and renal system as well as autoimmune diseases, coeliac disease, arthropathy, thyroid dysfunction fold diabetes mellitus and dermatological conditions are more common. Hearing and visual anomalies are also well recognised association with DS (Table 1). CONCLUSION Children with DS are at an increased risk of multiorgan comorbidities. Organ-specific health surveillance may provide holistic care for the children and families with DS throughout childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Lagan
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Neurodisability and Developmental Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | - Dean Huggard
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
| | - Fiona Mc Grane
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Neurodisability and Developmental Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Orla Franklin
- Cardiology Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland
| | - Edna Roche
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Paediatric Endocrinology Tallaght University Hospital Dublin Ireland
| | - David Webb
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Neurology Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland
| | - Aengus O’ Marcaigh
- Department of Haematology & Oncology Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland
| | - Des Cox
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Peter Greally
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine Children’s Health Ireland at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | - Joanne Balfe
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Neurodisability and Developmental Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
| | - Eleanor J. Molloy
- Paediatrics Academic Centre Tallaght Hospital Trinity College The University of Dublin Ireland
- Department of Neurodisability and Developmental Paediatrics Children’s Health Ireland at Tallaght Dublin Ireland
- NeonatologyCHI at Crumlin Dublin Ireland
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11
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Patkee PA, Baburamani AA, Kyriakopoulou V, Davidson A, Avini E, Dimitrova R, Allsop J, Hughes E, Kangas J, McAlonan G, Rutherford MA. Early alterations in cortical and cerebellar regional brain growth in Down Syndrome: An in vivo fetal and neonatal MRI assessment. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 25:102139. [PMID: 31887718 DOI: 10.1101/683656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Down Syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental outcomes. At present, the relationship between structural brain morphology and the spectrum of cognitive phenotypes in DS, is not well understood. This study aimed to quantify the development of the fetal and neonatal brain in DS participants, with and without a congenital cardiac defect compared with a control population using dedicated, optimised and motion-corrected in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We detected deviations in development and altered regional brain growth in the fetus with DS from 21 weeks' gestation, when compared to age-matched controls. Reduced cerebellar volume was apparent in the second trimester with significant alteration in cortical growth becoming evident during the third trimester. Developmental abnormalities in the cortex and cerebellum are likely substrates for later neurocognitive impairment, and ongoing studies will allow us to confirm the role of antenatal MRI as an early biomarker for subsequent cognitive ability in DS. In the era of rapidly developing technologies, we believe that the results of this study will assist counselling for prospective parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi A Patkee
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ana A Baburamani
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Kyriakopoulou
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Davidson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Elhaam Avini
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Allsop
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Kangas
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
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Patkee PA, Baburamani AA, Kyriakopoulou V, Davidson A, Avini E, Dimitrova R, Allsop J, Hughes E, Kangas J, McAlonan G, Rutherford MA. Early alterations in cortical and cerebellar regional brain growth in Down Syndrome: An in vivo fetal and neonatal MRI assessment. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102139. [PMID: 31887718 PMCID: PMC6938981 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Down Syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental outcomes. At present, the relationship between structural brain morphology and the spectrum of cognitive phenotypes in DS, is not well understood. This study aimed to quantify the development of the fetal and neonatal brain in DS participants, with and without a congenital cardiac defect compared with a control population using dedicated, optimised and motion-corrected in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We detected deviations in development and altered regional brain growth in the fetus with DS from 21 weeks' gestation, when compared to age-matched controls. Reduced cerebellar volume was apparent in the second trimester with significant alteration in cortical growth becoming evident during the third trimester. Developmental abnormalities in the cortex and cerebellum are likely substrates for later neurocognitive impairment, and ongoing studies will allow us to confirm the role of antenatal MRI as an early biomarker for subsequent cognitive ability in DS. In the era of rapidly developing technologies, we believe that the results of this study will assist counselling for prospective parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi A Patkee
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ana A Baburamani
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Kyriakopoulou
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Davidson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Elhaam Avini
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Allsop
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Kangas
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
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Lim JH, Kang YJ, Lee BY, Han YJ, Chung JH, Kim MY, Kim MH, Kim JW, Cho YH, Ryu HM. Epigenome-wide base-resolution profiling of DNA methylation in chorionic villi of fetuses with Down syndrome by methyl-capture sequencing. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:180. [PMID: 31801612 PMCID: PMC6894197 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms provide an interface between environmental factors and the genome and are influential in various diseases. These mechanisms, including DNA methylation, influence the regulation of development, differentiation, and establishment of cellular identity. Here, we performed high-throughput methylome profiling to determine whether differential patterns of DNA methylation correlate with Down syndrome (DS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted DNA from the chorionic villi cells of five normal and five DS fetuses at the early developmental stage (12-13 weeks of gestation). Methyl-capture sequencing (MC-Seq) was used to investigate the methylation levels of CpG sites distributed across the whole genome to identify differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) and regions (DMRs) in DS. New functional annotations of DMR genes using bioinformatics tools were predicted. RESULTS DNA hypermethylation was observed in DS fetal chorionic villi cells. Significant differences were evident for 4,439 DMCs, including hypermethylation (n = 4,261) and hypomethylation (n = 178). Among them, 140 hypermethylated DMRs and only 1 hypomethylated DMR were located on 121 genes and 1 gene, respectively. One hundred twenty-two genes, including 141 DMRs, were associated with heart morphogenesis and development of the ear, thyroid gland, and nervous systems. The genes were significantly associated with DS and various diseases, including hepatopulmonary syndrome, conductive hearing loss, holoprosencephaly, heart diseases, glaucoma, and musculoskeletal abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to compare the whole-epigenome DNA methylation pattern of the chorionic villi cells from normal and DS fetuses at the early developmental-stage using MC-seq. Overall, our results indicate that the chorionic villi cells of DS fetuses are hypermethylated in all autosomes and suggested that altered DNA methylation may be a recurrent and functionally relevant downstream response to DS in human cells. This study provides basic information for future research focused on the pathophysiology of the DS and its potential effects, as well as the role DNA methylation plays in the early developmental stage of DS fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyae Lim
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jung Kang
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bom Yi Lee
- SD Genomics Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jung Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hoon Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyoung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Mizmedi Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youl-Hee Cho
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Mee Ryu
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Fidler DJ, Schworer E, Will EA, Patel L, Daunhauer LA. Correlates of early cognition in infants with Down syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2019; 63:205-214. [PMID: 30461108 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While delays in cognitive development are detectable during early development in Down syndrome, the neuropsychological and biomedical underpinnings of cognitive skill acquisition in this population remain poorly understood. METHOD To explore this issue, 38 infants with Down syndrome [mean chronological age = 9.65 months; SD = 3.64] completed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III and a set of laboratory tasks that measured sustained attention (duration of visual attention during a 1-min object exploration task), attention shifting (mean latency to shift attention on an alternating object presentation task) and visual short-term memory (dishabituation to a novel object on a change preference task). RESULTS Latency to shift attention was negatively associated with Bayley Cognitive Scale raw scores, even when controlling for the effects of chronological age, r (33) = -.41, P = .02. In addition, prematurity status was associated with latency to shift attention. CONCLUSIONS Early attention shifting may be an important factor that facilitates overall cognitive skill acquisition in infants with Down syndrome, and premature birth may be a risk factor for difficulties on this dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Fidler
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - E Schworer
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - E A Will
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - L Patel
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital of Colorado, CO, USA
| | - L A Daunhauer
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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15
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Deckers SRJM, Van Zaalen Y, Van Balkom H, Verhoeven L. Predictors of receptive and expressive vocabulary development in children with Down syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2019; 21:10-22. [PMID: 29043855 DOI: 10.1080/17549507.2017.1363290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a lack of longitudinal data on predictors of vocabulary development in children with Down syndrome (DS). In typically developing children, many internal and external predictors of vocabulary development have been determined before. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of these variables in the receptive and expressive vocabulary development of children with DS. METHOD The present study used a longitudinal design in young children with DS to study the vocabulary development over a period of 1.6 years and investigated the possible predictive role of child-related and environmental variables. RESULT Receptive vocabulary development was best predicted by the adaptive level of functioning and early receptive vocabulary skills. Expressive vocabulary development was best predicted by the adaptive level of functioning, receptive vocabulary, maternal educational level, level of communicative intent of the child, attention skills and phonological/phonemic awareness. CONCLUSION A wide range of internal and external predictors for vocabulary development of children with DS was found. Predictors resemble those predicting vocabulary development in peers with typical development between 1 and 6 years of age, as identified in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn R J M Deckers
- a Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
- b Milo Foundation , Schijndel , The Netherlands , and
- c Center of Expertise Interprofessional Collaboration, School of Allied Health Professions , Fontys University of Applied Sciences , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Van Zaalen
- c Center of Expertise Interprofessional Collaboration, School of Allied Health Professions , Fontys University of Applied Sciences , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Hans Van Balkom
- a Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
- b Milo Foundation , Schijndel , The Netherlands , and
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16
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Wilson RB, McCracken JT, Rinehart NJ, Jeste SS. What's missing in autism spectrum disorder motor assessments? J Neurodev Disord 2018; 10:33. [PMID: 30541423 PMCID: PMC6292106 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-018-9257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor delays and impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are extremely common and often herald the emergence of pervasive atypical development. Clinical accounts of ASD and standardized measures of motor function have identified deficits in multiple motor domains. However, literature describing frequently used standardized motor assessments in children with ASD, their test properties, and their limitations are sparse. METHODS We systematically reviewed the literature to identify the most frequently used standardized motor assessments used to evaluate children with ASD from infancy to early childhood. All assessments included were required to possess reference norms, evaluate more than one motor domain, and have undergone some degree of validation. RESULTS We identified six frequently used standardized measures of motor function per our inclusion and exclusion criteria. We investigated and described in detail the psychometric properties of these assessments, their utility for use with children with ASD, and their individual and overall strengths and limitations. The global strengths of these assessments are the ability to identify early development delays and differences in fine and gross motor function in children with ASD. Global limitations of these studies are lack of validation in individuals with ASD and scoring systems that often miss specific and subtle abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Standardized assessments of motor function have provided valuable information on motor impairments in ASD. However, significant limitations remain in the use of these measures in children with ASD. Moving forward, it is imperative that standardized measures of motor function receive greater validation testing in children with ASD to assess their potential application given the clinical heterogeneity of this condition. In addition, utilizing quantitative measures of motor function should allow for evaluation and comparison of individuals with ASD across the lifespan with varying cognitive and behavioral abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujuta B. Wilson
- UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A7-424, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - James T. McCracken
- UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A7-424, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Nicole J. Rinehart
- Deakin University, Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Shafali S. Jeste
- UCLA Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room A7-424, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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17
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Rosser TC, Edgin JO, Capone GT, Hamilton DR, Allen EG, Dooley KJ, Anand P, Strang JF, Armour AC, Frank-Crawford MA, Channell MM, Pierpont EI, Feingold E, Maslen CL, Reeves RH, Sherman SL. Associations Between Medical History, Cognition, and Behavior in Youth With Down Syndrome: A Report From the Down Syndrome Cognition Project. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 123:514-528. [PMID: 30421968 PMCID: PMC7100339 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-123.6.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The cause of the high degree of variability in cognition and behavior among individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is unknown. We hypothesized that birth defects requiring surgery in the first years of life (congenital heart defects and gastrointestinal defects) might affect an individual's level of function. We used data from the first 234 individuals, age 6-25 years, enrolled in the Down Syndrome Cognition Project (DSCP) to test this hypothesis. Data were drawn from medical records, parent interviews, and a cognitive and behavior assessment battery. Results did not support our hypothesis. That is, we found no evidence that either birth defect was associated with poorer outcomes, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Implications for study design and measurement are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie C Rosser
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Jamie O Edgin
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - George T Capone
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Debra R Hamilton
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Emily G Allen
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Kenneth J Dooley
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Payal Anand
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - John F Strang
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - A Chelsea Armour
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Michelle A Frank-Crawford
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Marie Moore Channell
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Elizabeth I Pierpont
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Cheryl L Maslen
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Roger H Reeves
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
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Hahn LJ, Loveall SJ, Savoy MT, Neumann AM, Ikuta T. Joint attention in Down syndrome: A meta-analysis. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 78:89-102. [PMID: 29793102 PMCID: PMC5995577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have indicated that joint attention may be a relative strength in Down syndrome (DS), but other studies have not. AIM To conduct a meta-analysis of joint attention in DS to more conclusively determine if this is a relative strength or weakness when compared to children with typical development (TD), developmental disabilities (DD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS AND PROCEDURES Journal articles published before September 13, 2016, were identified by using the search terms "Down syndrome" and "joint attention" or "coordinating attention". Identified studies were reviewed and coded for inclusion criteria, descriptive information, and outcome variables. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Eleven studies (553 participants) met inclusion criteria. Children with DS showed similar joint attention as TD children and higher joint attention than children with DD and ASD. Meta-regression revealed a significant association between age and joint attention effect sizes in the DS vs. TD contrast. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Joint attention appears to not be a weakness for children with DS, but may be commensurate with developmental level. Joint attention may be a relative strength in comparison to other skills associated with the DS behavioral phenotype. Early interventions for children with DS may benefit from leveraging joint attention skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Hahn
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Speech & Hearing Science, 901 South Sixth St. MC-482, Champaign, IL, 61820, United States.
| | - Susan J Loveall
- University of Mississippi, Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 100 George Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 386 77, United States.
| | - Madison T Savoy
- University of Mississippi, Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 100 George Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 386 77, United States.
| | - Allie M Neumann
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Speech & Hearing Science, 901 South Sixth St. MC-482, Champaign, IL, 61820, United States.
| | - Toshikazu Ikuta
- University of Mississippi, Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 100 George Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 386 77, United States.
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Onyedibe MCC, Ugwu LI, Mefoh PC, Onuiri C. Parents of children with Down Syndrome: Do resilience and social support matter to their experience of carer stress? JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2018.1455308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonard I. Ugwu
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Philip, C. Mefoh
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Adamson LB, Bakeman R. The Communication Play Protocol: Capturing Variations in Language Development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:164-171. [PMID: 28503663 DOI: 10.1044/persp1.sig12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Communication Play Protocol (CPP) is a semi-naturalistic, lab-based observational procedure that showcases parent-child interactions. This article reflects on how the CPP has matured since we described it over 25 years ago in the May 1999 issue of Perspectives. We emphasize how the CPP has provided us with a stable frame to observe both typically developing children and children with developmental challenges including autism spectrum disorder as they communicate with caregivers in a range of contexts. We also describe three versions of the CPP that have been designed to address different research questions and several methods including engagement state coding and rating items that have been used to extract data from video records of the CPP. We conclude that the CPP can provide both researchers and clinicians with a valuable way to systematically capture variations in language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Adamson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Roger Bakeman
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Marchal JP, Maurice-Stam H, Houtzager BA, Rutgers van Rozenburg-Marres SL, Oostrom KJ, Grootenhuis MA, van Trotsenburg ASP. Growing up with Down syndrome: Development from 6 months to 10.7 years. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 59:437-450. [PMID: 27744268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analysed developmental outcomes from a clinical trial early in life and its follow-up at 10.7 years in 123 children with Down syndrome. AIMS To determine 1) strengths and weaknesses in adaptive functioning and motor skills at 10.7 years, and 2) prognostic value of early-life characteristics (early developmental outcomes, parental and child characteristics, and comorbidity) for later intelligence, adaptive functioning and motor skills. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We used standardized assessments of mental and motor development at ages 6, 12 and 24 months, and of intelligence, adaptive functioning and motor skills at 10.7 years. We compared strengths and weaknesses in adaptive functioning and motor skills by repeated-measures ANOVAs in the total group and in children scoring above-average versus below-average. The prognostic value of demographics, comorbidity and developmental outcomes was analysed by two-step regression. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Socialisation was a stronger adaptive skill than Communication followed by Daily Living. Aiming and catching was a stronger motor skill than Manual dexterity, followed by Balance. Above-average and below-average scoring children showed different profiles of strengths and weaknesses. Gender, (the absence or presence of) infantile spasms and particularly 24-month mental functioning predicted later intelligence and adaptive functioning. Motor skills, however, appeared to be less well predicted by early life characteristics. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings provide a reference for expected developmental levels and strengths and weaknesses in Down syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pieter Marchal
- Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology & Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Heleen Maurice-Stam
- Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Bregje A Houtzager
- Department of Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne L Rutgers van Rozenburg-Marres
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology & Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kim J Oostrom
- Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martha A Grootenhuis
- Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A S Paul van Trotsenburg
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology & Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the family psycho-social outcomes of children with Down syndrome and atrioventricular septal defect, and examine the impact of these variables on the child's neurodevelopmental outcome. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that consisted of 57 children with Down syndrome - 20 cases and 37 controls - of ~12-14 months of age. In both groups, we assessed the development of the child, the quality of the child's home environment, and parenting stress. RESULTS Compared with the Down syndrome without CHD group, the atrioventricular septal defect group revealed lower scores in all developmental domains, less optimal home environments, and higher parental stress. Significant differences in development were seen in the areas of cognition (p=0.04), expressive language (p=0.05), and gross motor (p<0.01). The Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment revealed significant differences in emotional and verbal responsiveness of the mother between the two groups. The Parenting Stress Index revealed that the Down syndrome with atrioventricular septal defect group had a significantly higher child demandingness subdomain scores compared with the Down syndrome without CHD group. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of a CHD in addition to the diagnosis of Down syndrome may provide additional stress to the child and parents, elevating parental concern and disrupting family dynamics, resulting in further neurodevelopmental deficits. Finding that parental stress and home environment may play a role in the neurodevelopmental outcomes may prompt new family-directed interventions and anticipatory guidance for the families of children with Down syndrome who have a CHD.
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Alexander T, Walendzik J. Raising a Child with Down Syndrome: Do Preferred Coping Strategies Explain Differences in Parental Health? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2016.71005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pitts CH, Mervis CB. Performance on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test-2 by Children With Williams Syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 121:33-47. [PMID: 26701073 PMCID: PMC5005797 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-121.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe the performance of 292 4- to 17-year-olds with Williams syndrome (WS) on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test-2 (KBIT-2; Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004). Mean IQ Composite, Verbal standard score (SS), and Nonverbal SS were in the borderline range relative to the general population, with variability similar to the general population. Correlations between SSs and CA were close to 0, with no significant sex differences. There was a significant effect of maternal education on Verbal SS. The KBIT-2 appropriately captures the full range of performance of 8- to 17-year-olds with WS for the abilities measured and of all but the very lowest-functioning 5- to 7-year-olds. However, the KBIT-2 does not contain easy enough items to adequately assess the abilities of the lowest quartile of 4-year-olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Holley Pitts
- Correspondence: Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to C. Holley Pitts, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 317 Life Sciences Building, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Edgin JO, Tooley U, Demara B, Nyhuis C, Anand P, Spanò G. Sleep Disturbance and Expressive Language Development in Preschool-Age Children With Down Syndrome. Child Dev 2015; 86:1984-98. [PMID: 26435268 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has suggested that sleep may facilitate language learning. This study examined variation in language ability in 29 toddlers with Down syndrome (DS) in relation to levels of sleep disruption. Toddlers with DS and poor sleep (66%, n = 19) showed greater deficits on parent-reported and objective measures of language, including vocabulary and syntax. Correlations between sleep and language were found in groups with equivalent medical and social backgrounds and after control for relevant behavioral comorbidities, including autism symptoms. These results emphasize the important role of quality sleep in all children's expressive language development, and may help increase our understanding of the etiology of language deficits in developmental disorders, potentially leading to new treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie O Edgin
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Ursula Tooley
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Bianca Demara
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Casandra Nyhuis
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Payal Anand
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Goffredina Spanò
- University of Arizona and Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities
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Fernandez F, Reeves RH. Assessing cognitive improvement in people with Down syndrome: important considerations for drug-efficacy trials. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 228:335-80. [PMID: 25977089 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Experimental research over just the past decade has raised the possibility that learning deficits connected to Down syndrome (DS) might be effectively managed by medication. In the current chapter, we touch on some of the work that paved the way for these advances and discuss the challenges associated with translating them. In particular, we highlight sources of phenotypic variability in the DS population that are likely to impact performance assessments. Throughout, suggestions are made on how to detect meaningful changes in cognitive-adaptive function in people with DS during drug treatment. The importance of within-subjects evaluation is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA,
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Smith AL, Romski M, Sevcik RA, Adamson LB, Barker RM. Parent Stress and Perceptions of Language Development: Comparing Down Syndrome and Other Developmental Disabilities. FAMILY RELATIONS 2014; 63:71-84. [PMID: 24753637 PMCID: PMC3991238 DOI: 10.1111/fare.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study extended research on the Down syndrome advantage by examining differences in parent stress and parent perceptions of language development between 29 parents of young children with Down syndrome and 82 parents of children with other developmental disabilities. Parents of children with Down syndrome reported lower levels of total stress, child-related stress, and stress surrounding the parent-child interaction. Parents of children in both groups reported that they felt successful in their ability to impact their children's communication development but did differ on perceptions of difficulty such that parents of children with Down syndrome perceived their children's communication difficulties as less severe despite the children exhibiting similar language skills. Finally, after accounting for potential explanatory confounding variables, child diagnosis remained a significant predictor of parent stress and perceptions of language development. Results highlight the importance of considering etiology when assisting families raising a child with a disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn L Smith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, 1500 Highland Avenue, Room 533, Madison, WI 53705, Tel: 608-265-5830,
| | - Maryann Romski
- Departments of Communication and Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5060, Atlanta, GA 30302, Tel: 404-413-5101,
| | - Rose A Sevcik
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 736 Urban Life Building, Atlanta, GA 30303, Tel: 404-413-6296,
| | - Lauren B Adamson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 750 Urban Life Building, Atlanta, GA 30303, Tel: 404-413-6256,
| | - R Michael Barker
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 1017, Tampa, Florida 33620, Tel: 813-974-8760,
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28
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Polišenská K, Kapalková S. Language profiles in children with Down syndrome and children with language impairment: implications for early intervention. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:373-382. [PMID: 24334226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated early language profiles in two groups of children with developmental disability: children with Down Syndrome (DS, n=13) and children with Language Impairment (LI, n=16). Vocabulary and grammatical skills in the two groups were assessed and compared to language skills of typically developing (TD) children matched on size of either their receptive or expressive vocabulary (n=58). The study aimed to establish if language development in these groups is delayed or fundamentally different than the TD groups, and if the group with DS showed a similar language profile to the group with LI. There is a clinical motivation to identify possible key risk characteristics that may distinguish children who are likely to have LI from the variation observed in TD children. Three clear findings emerged from the data. Firstly, both receptive and expressive vocabulary compositions did not significantly differ in the clinical groups (DS and LI) after being matched to the vocabulary size of TD children. This provides further support for the idea that word learning for the children in the clinical groups is delayed rather than deviant. Secondly, children with LI showed a significantly larger gap between expressive and receptive word knowledge, but children with DS showed a pattern comparable to TD children. Thirdly, children with LI who understood a similar number of words as the TD children still had significantly poorer grammatical skills, further underlining the dissociation between lexical and grammatical skills in children with LI. Grammatical skills of children with DS were commensurate with their lexical skills. The findings suggest that language intervention should be specifically tailored to etiology rather than focused on general communication strategies, particularly in children with LI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Polišenská
- The University of Manchester School of Psychological Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Svetlana Kapalková
- Comenius University Institute of Psychology and Speech Therapy Studies, Faculty of Education, Račianska 59, 813 34 Bratislava, Slovakia
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