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Bustillo‐de la Rosa D, Barrero A, Traba J, García JT, Morales MB, Vázquez‐Domínguez E. Landscape features influencing gene flow and connectivity of an endangered passerine. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11078. [PMID: 38756688 PMCID: PMC11097005 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dispersal of individuals and gene flow are crucial aspects to maintain genetic diversity and viability of populations, especially in the case of threatened species. Landscape composition and structure may facilitate or limit individual movement within and among populations. We used a landscape genetics approach to assess the connectivity patterns of the threatened Dupont's lark (Chersophilus duponti subsp. duponti), considering their genetic patterns and the landscape features associated with its gene flow in Spain. We analysed the genetic relatedness based on 11 species-specific polymorphic microsatellites on 416 Dupont's lark individuals sampled across peninsular Spain between 2017 and 2019, covering most of the European distribution of the species. To assess the relationship between the landscape composition and the species gene flow, we estimated genetic distance at the individual level (Dps). Next, we built a set of environmental surfaces from two time periods (years 1990 and 2018), based on factors such as land use and topography, influencing individuals' movement. We then obtained resistance surfaces from an optimization process on landscape variables. Landscape genetics analyses were done for single and composite surface models for each year separately. Our findings from both time points show that scatter or mosaic-structured vegetation composed by low agricultural and tree cover and high presence of sclerophyllous shrubs favoured Dupont's lark dispersal, while dense and continuous tree cover, as well as areas of intensive agriculture, were limiting factors. Our results suggest the importance of steppe habitat patches for the species' establishment and dispersal. In addition, our results provide key information to develop conservation measures, including conserving and restoring steppe habitats as scattered and/or mosaic-structured vegetation that could warrant the connectivity and persistence of Dupont's lark populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bustillo‐de la Rosa
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG‐UAM). Department of EcologyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Adrián Barrero
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG‐UAM). Department of EcologyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Juan Traba
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG‐UAM). Department of EcologyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Jesús T. García
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC‐UCLM)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Manuel B. Morales
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG‐UAM). Department of EcologyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC‐UAM)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ella Vázquez‐Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
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Zhang J, Hieno A, Otsubo K, Feng W, Kageyama K. Population Genetic Analysis of Phytophthora colocasiae from Taro in Japan Using SSR Markers. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040391. [PMID: 37108846 PMCID: PMC10145753 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora colocasiae is an important pathogen that causes great economic losses in taro production in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in Japan. Understanding the genetic variations in P. colocasiae populations and their transmission patterns in Japan is essential for effective disease control. Here, the genetic diversity of 358 P. colocasiae isolates, including 348 from Japan, 7 from China, and 3 from Indonesia, was assessed using 11 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs with high polymorphism. The phylogenetic tree of the SSR locus showed that the isolates from Japan could be divided into 14 groups, with group A being the dominant group. Among foreign isolates, only six from mainland China were similar to those from Japan and clustered in groups B and E. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), principal components analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (K = 3) results revealed a moderate level of genetic diversity, mainly within individuals. Populations showed high heterozygosity, a lack of regional differentiation, and frequent gene flow. Analysis of mating types and ploidy levels revealed that A2 and self-fertile (SF) A2 types and tetraploids were dominant across populations. Explanations and hypotheses for the results can provide more effective strategies for disease management of taro leaf blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ayaka Hieno
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kayoko Otsubo
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Wenzhuo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Koji Kageyama
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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3
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Takayama K, Ohnishi N, Zedrosser A, Anezaki T, Tochigi K, Inagaki A, Naganuma T, Yamazaki K, Koike S. Timing and distance of natal dispersal in Asian black bears. J Mammal 2023; 104:265-278. [PMID: 37032704 PMCID: PMC10075337 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Dispersal has important implications for population ecology and genetics of a species through redistribution of individuals. In most mammals, males leave their natal area before they reach sexual maturity, whereas females are commonly philopatric. Here, we investigate the patterns of natal dispersal in the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus) based on data from 550 bears (378 males, 172 females) captured or removed in Gunma and Tochigi prefectures on central Honshu Island, Japan in 2003–2018. We used genetic data and parentage analysis to investigate sex-biased differences in the distance of natal dispersal. We further investigated the age of dispersal using spatial autocorrelation analysis, that is, the change in the correlation between genetic and geographic distances in each sex and age group. Our results revealed that male dispersal distances (mean ± SE = 17.4 ± 3.5 km) were significantly farther than female distances (4.8 ± 1.7 km), and the results were not affected by years of mast failures, a prominent forage source for this population. Based on an average adult female home range radius of 1.8 km, 96% of the males and 50% of the females dispersed. In the spatial autocorrelation analysis, the changes in the relationship between genetic and geographic distances were more pronounced in males compared to females. Males seem to mostly disperse at age 3 regardless of mast productivity, and they gradually disperse far from their home range, but young and inexperienced males may return to their natal home range in years with poor food conditions. The results suggest that factors driving the dispersal process seem to be population structure-based instead of forage availability-based. In females, a significant genetic relationship was observed among all individuals in the group with a minimum age of 6 years within a distance of 2 km, which resulted in the formation of matrilineal assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaede Takayama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
| | - Naoki Ohnishi
- Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute , 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Morioka, Iwate 020-0123 , Japan
| | - Andreas Zedrosser
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway , N-3800 Bø in Telemark , Norway
- Institute for Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna, Gregor Mendel Str. 33, A-1180 Vienna , Austria
- Institute of Global Innovation, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
| | - Tomoko Anezaki
- Gunma Museum of Natural History , 1674-1 Kamikuroiwa, Tomioka, Gunma 370-2345 , Japan
| | - Kahoko Tochigi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
| | - Akino Inagaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
| | - Tomoko Naganuma
- Institute of Global Innovation, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
| | - Koji Yamazaki
- Faculty of Regional Environmental Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502 , Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Institute of Global Innovation, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 , Japan
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Liebgold EB, Dickey MJ, Lamb SM, Howell HJ, Ransom TS. (Not) far from home: No sex bias in dispersal, but limited genetic patch size, in an endangered species, the Spotted Turtle ( Clemmys guttata). Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9734. [PMID: 36620419 PMCID: PMC9812832 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-biased dispersal is common in many animals, with male-biased dispersal often found in studies of mammals and reptiles, including interpretations of spatial genetic structure, ostensibly as a result of male-male competition and a lack of male parental care. Few studies of sex-biased dispersal have been conducted in turtles, but a handful of studies, in saltwater turtles and in terrestrial turtles, have detected male-biased dispersal as expected. We tested for sex-biased dispersal in the endangered freshwater turtle, the spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) by investigating fine-scale genetic spatial structure of males and females. We found significant spatial genetic structure in both sexes, but the patterns mimicked each other. Both males and females typically had higher than expected relatedness at distances <25 km, and in many distance classes greater than 25 km, less than expected relatedness. Similar patterns were apparent whether we used only loci in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (n = 7) or also included loci with potential null alleles (n = 5). We conclude that, contrary to expectations, sex-biased dispersal is not occurring in this species, possibly related to the reverse sexual dimorphism in this species, with females having brighter colors. We did, however, detect significant spatial genetic structure in males and females, separate and combined, showing philopatry within a genetic patch size of <25 km in C. guttata, which is concerning for an endangered species whose populations are often separated by distances greater than the genetic patch size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Liebgold
- Department of Biological SciencesSalisbury UniversitySalisburyMarylandUSA
| | - Myra J. Dickey
- Department of EntomologyTexas A & M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Stephanie M. Lamb
- Department of Biological SciencesSalisbury UniversitySalisburyMarylandUSA
| | | | - Tami S. Ransom
- Department of Environmental StudiesSalisbury UniversitySalisburyMarylandUSA
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Modi S, Mondol S, Ghaskadbi P, Nigam P, Habib B. Genetic evidence of differential dispersal pattern in the Asiatic wild dog: Comparing two populations with different pack sizes. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.993851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDispersal is a multi-causal, crucial life-history event in shaping the genetic and behavioral structure of mammals. We assessed the dispersal pattern of dholes aka Asiatic wild dog (Cuon alpinus), a social monogamous mammal at two tiger reserves of Maharashtra with different degrees of pack size and competition with tigers i.e. Tadoba-Andhari (TATR, smaller pack size, higher tiger density) and Nawegaon-Nagzira (NNTR, larger pack size, lower tiger density).MethodsWe used the microsatellite data of 174 individual genotypes (98 males and 67 females) to assess the dispersal pattern of dholes from two populations with varying pack size, tiger density, and landscape connectivity using gene flow as a proxy. We compared the population structure, pairwise F statistics, assignment index, and relatedness across a spatial scale.Results and discussionOverall, the results suggested a difference in sex-bias dispersal pattern for the two sub-populations, exhibiting significant results for female-biased dispersal in the TATR population with a smaller pack size and higher tiger density. Our study highlights the variability in sex-biased dispersal patterns in two different populations which could be the consequence of different variables such as pack size, tiger density, and geographical scale. The study warrants further quantitative investigation including several factors such as individual behavior, pack composition, pack size, tiger density, etc. In the present Anthropocene era, determining the sex bias in dispersal patterns for a short-range, pack-living carnivore will help in devising an effective conservation management plan for their long-term survival.
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6
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Do common dispersal influences inform a large lizard’s landscape-scale gene flow? Evol Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-022-10208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lim QL, Yong CSY, Ng WL, Ismail A, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Rosli N, Inoue-Murayama M, Annavi G. Population genetic structure of wild Malayan tapirs (Tapirus indicus) in Peninsular Malaysia revealed by nine cross-species microsatellite markers. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Honka J, Baini S, Searle JB, Kvist L, Aspi J. Genetic assessment reveals inbreeding, possible hybridization, and low levels of genetic structure in a declining goose population. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8547. [PMID: 35127046 PMCID: PMC8796947 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The population numbers of taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis fabalis) have halved during recent decades. Since this subspecies is hunted throughout most of its range, the decline is of management concern. Knowledge of the genetic population structure and diversity is important for guiding management and conservation efforts. Genetically unique subpopulations might be hunted to extinction if not managed separately, and any inbreeding depression or lack of genetic diversity may affect the ability to adapt to changing environments and increase extinction risk. We used microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers to study the genetic population structure and diversity among taiga bean geese breeding within the Central flyway management unit using non-invasively collected feathers. We found some genetic structuring with the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA between four geographic regions (ɸ ST = 0.11-0.20) but none with the nuclear microsatellite markers (all pairwise F ST-values = 0.002-0.005). These results could be explained by female natal philopatry and male-biased dispersal, which completely homogenizes the nuclear genome. Therefore, the population could be managed as a single unit. Genetic diversity was still at a moderate level (average H E = 0.69) and there were no signs of past population size reductions, although significantly positive inbreeding coefficients in all sampling sites (F IS = 0.05-0.10) and high relatedness values (r = 0.60-0.86) between some individuals could indicate inbreeding. In addition, there was evidence of either incomplete lineage sorting or introgression from the pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus). The current population is not under threat by genetic impoverishment but monitoring in the future is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Honka
- Ecology and Genetics Research UnitUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Serena Baini
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”RomeItaly
| | - Jeremy B. Searle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Laura Kvist
- Ecology and Genetics Research UnitUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Jouni Aspi
- Ecology and Genetics Research UnitUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
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Schultz AJ, Strickland K, Cristescu RH, Hanger J, de Villiers D, Frère CH. Testing the effectiveness of genetic monitoring using genetic non-invasive sampling. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8459. [PMID: 35127011 PMCID: PMC8794716 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective conservation requires accurate data on population genetic diversity, inbreeding, and genetic structure. Increasingly, scientists are adopting genetic non-invasive sampling (gNIS) as a cost-effective population-wide genetic monitoring approach. gNIS has, however, known limitations which may impact the accuracy of downstream genetic analyses. Here, using high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from blood/tissue sampling of a free-ranging koala population (n = 430), we investigated how the reduced SNP panel size and call rate typical of genetic non-invasive samples (derived from experimental and field trials) impacts the accuracy of genetic measures, and also the effect of sampling intensity on these measures. We found that gNIS at small sample sizes (14% of population) can provide accurate population diversity measures, but slightly underestimated population inbreeding coefficients. Accurate measures of internal relatedness required at least 33% of the population to be sampled. Accurate geographic and genetic spatial autocorrelation analysis requires between 28% and 51% of the population to be sampled. We show that gNIS at low sample sizes can provide a powerful tool to aid conservation decision-making and provide recommendations for researchers looking to apply these techniques to free-ranging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony James Schultz
- Global Change Ecology Research GroupUniversity of the Sunshine CoastSippy DownsQldAustralia
- Icelandic Museum of Natural History (Náttúruminjasafn Íslands)ReykjavikIceland
| | - Kasha Strickland
- Global Change Ecology Research GroupUniversity of the Sunshine CoastSippy DownsQldAustralia
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversityHólarIceland
| | - Romane H. Cristescu
- Global Change Ecology Research GroupUniversity of the Sunshine CoastSippy DownsQldAustralia
| | | | | | - Céline H. Frère
- Global Change Ecology Research GroupUniversity of the Sunshine CoastSippy DownsQldAustralia
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQldAustralia
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10
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Riley JL, Noble DWA, Stow AJ, Bolton PE, While GM, Dennison S, Byrne RW, Whiting MJ. Socioecology of the Australian Tree Skink (Egernia striolata). Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.722455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is great diversity in social behavior across the animal kingdom. Understanding the factors responsible for this diversity can help inform theory about how sociality evolves and is maintained. The Australian Tree Skink (Egernia striolata) exhibits inter- and intra-population variability in sociality and is therefore a good system for informing models of social evolution. Here, we conducted a multi-year study of a Tree Skink population to describe intra-population variation in the social organization and mating system of this species. Skinks aggregated in small groups of 2–5 individuals, and these aggregations were typically associated with shared shelter sites (crevices and hollows within rocks and trees). Aggregations were typically made up of one or more adult females and, often, one male and/or juvenile(s). Social network and spatial overlap analyses showed that social associations were strongly biased toward kin. Tree skinks also exhibited high site fidelity regardless of age or sex. There were high levels of genetic monogamy observed with most females (87%) and males (68%) only breeding with a single partner. Our results indicate that Tree Skinks reside in small family groups and are monogamous, which corresponds with existing research across populations. Similar to previous work, our study area consisted of discrete habitat patches (i.e., rock outcrops, trees, or both), which likely limits offspring dispersal and promotes social tolerance between parents and their offspring. Our study clearly demonstrates that there is intra-population variability in Tree Skink social behavior, but it also provides evidence that there is a high degree of inter-population consistency in sociality across their geographic range. We also highlight promising possible avenues for future research, specifically discussing the importance of studying the nature and extent of Tree Skink parental care and quantifying the fitness outcomes of kin-based sociality in this species, which are topics that will further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying variation in vertebrate social behavior.
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Mynhardt S, Harris-Barnes L, Bloomer P, Bennett NC. Spatial population genetic structure and colony dynamics in Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis) from the southern Kalahari. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:221. [PMID: 34879824 PMCID: PMC8653584 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-random associations within and among groups of social animals can provide valuable insight into the function of group living and the evolution of social behaviour. Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis) demonstrate extremely high levels of reproductive skew, and dispersal is considered to be male-biased in onset and frequency, although asymmetry in dispersal distance is yet to be investigated. Dispersal may be positively correlated with increasing favourable environmental conditions, such as rainfall, however, the effects of ecological constraints on dispersal and colony fission–fusion dynamics have not previously been demonstrated on a spatial scale. Here we provide the first spatial population genetic study for this species. We investigated genetic structure in a population of Damaraland mole-rats from the southern Kalahari in South Africa over 3 years, combining observational dispersal data from mark-recapture with population genetic data to evaluate (1) sex-bias in frequency and distance of dispersal in this species, and (2) the effect of rainfall on fission–fusion dynamics of colonies. Results Our results demonstrate (1) that both males and females favour local dispersal but on rare occasions may disperse over distances greater than 400 m, (2) that males may disperse over greater distances than females, and (3) that males more frequently immigrate into established neighbouring colonies than females, who predominantly disperse by colony fission, i.e. multiple individuals “budding” from their native colony into a neighbouring territory, thereby establishing new colonies. Furthermore, our results demonstrate (4) elevated dispersal and colony fission in association with increased rainfall, supporting the hypothesis that rainfall may play a significant role in the maintenance and/or disruption of reproductive skew in Damaraland mole-rat populations. Conclusion This study represents the first fine-scale spatial population genetic study in Damaraland mole-rats, and provides relevant insights into colony fission–fusion dynamics in a social and cooperatively breeding species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01950-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Mynhardt
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Programme, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. .,Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Lorraine Harris-Barnes
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Programme, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Paulette Bloomer
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Programme, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Mammal Research Institute (MRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Mammal Research Institute (MRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Pérez de Rosas AR, Restelli MF, García BA. Spatio‐temporal genetic structure in populations of the Chagas’ disease vector
Triatoma infestans
from Argentina. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Raquel Pérez de Rosas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina
| | - María Florencia Restelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina
| | - Beatriz Alicia García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina
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13
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Wen G, Jin L, Wu Y, Wang X, Fu J, Qi Y. Low diversity, little genetic structure but no inbreeding in a high-density island endemic pit-viper Gloydius shedaoensis. Curr Zool 2021; 68:526-534. [DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Island species and their ecosystems play an important role in global biodiversity preservation, and many vulnerable island species are conservation priorities. Although insular habitat likely facilitates the species diversification process, it may also aggravate the fragility of these species with high risk of inbreeding. The Shedao pit-viper Gloydius shedaoensis is an island endemic species with an extremely high population density, which has been categorized as vulnerable in the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Red List. We collected 13,148 SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) from across its genome and examined its genetic diversity and demographic history. The Shedao pit-viper has a low genetic diversity but shows no sign of inbreeding. Furthermore, population genetic structure analysis, including the neighbor-joining tree, principal coordinate analysis, clustering, and spatial autocorrelation, revealed a general lack of spatial structure. Only the isolation by distance residues suggested a weak patchiness. Overall, the population is nearly panmictic and gene flow is evenly distributed across the island. A large number of individuals, small size of the island, and the lack of population structure likely all contribute to the lack of inbreeding in this species. We also detected signs of male-biased dispersal, which likely is another inbreeding avoidance strategy. Historical demographic analysis suggested that the historical population size and distribution of the species are much larger than their current ones. The multiple transgressive–regressive events since the Late Pleistocene are likely the main cause of the population size changes. Taken together, our results provide a basic scientific foundation for the conservation of this interesting and important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Wen
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Yayong Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Nature Conservation of Snake Island and Laotieshan Mountain, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Jinzhong Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Yin Qi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
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14
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Batova ON, Vasilieva NA, Titov SV, Savinetskaya LE, Tchabovsky AV. Female polyandry dilutes inbreeding in a solitary fast-living hibernator. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Population genetics informs the management of a controversial Australian waterbird. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Onley IR, Austin JJ, Mitchell KJ, Moseby KE. Understanding dispersal patterns can inform future translocation strategies: A case study of the threatened greater stick‐nest rat (
Leporillus conditor
). AUSTRAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R. Onley
- School of Biological Sciences Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD) University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Austin
- School of Biological Sciences Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD) University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005Australia
| | - Kieren J. Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD) University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005Australia
- School of Biological Sciences ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CABAH) University of Adelaide Adelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - Katherine E. Moseby
- Centre for Ecosystem Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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17
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Bauder JM, Peterman WE, Spear SF, Jenkins CL, Whiteley AR, McGarigal K. Multiscale assessment of functional connectivity: Landscape genetics of eastern indigo snakes in an anthropogenically fragmented landscape in central Florida. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:3422-3438. [PMID: 33978288 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Landscape features can strongly influence gene flow and the strength and direction of these effects may vary across spatial scales. However, few studies have evaluated methodological approaches for selecting spatial scales in landscape genetics analyses, in part because of computational challenges associated with optimizing landscape resistance surfaces (LRS). We used the federally threatened eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) in central Florida as a case study with which to compare the importance of landscape features and their scales of effect in influencing gene flow. We used genetic algorithms (ResistanceGA) to empirically optimize LRS using categorical land cover surfaces, multiscale resource selection surfaces (RSS), and four combinations of landscape covariates measured at multiple spatial scales (multisurface multiscale LRS). We compared LRS where scale was selected using pseudo- and full optimization. Multisurface multiscale LRS received more empirical support than LRS optimized from categorical land cover surfaces or RSS. Multiscale LRS with scale selected using full optimization generally outperformed those with scale selected using pseudo-optimization. Multiscale LRS with large spatial scales (1200-1800 m) received the most empirical support. Our results highlight the importance of considering landscape features across multiple spatial scales in landscape genetic analyses, particularly broad scales relative to species movement potential. Different effects of scale on home range-level movements and dispersal could explain weak associations between habitat suitability and gene flow in other studies. Our results also demonstrate the importance of large tracts of undeveloped upland habitat with heterogenous vegetation communities and low urbanization for promoting indigo snake connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javan M Bauder
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - William E Peterman
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen F Spear
- The Orianne Society, Tiger, GA, USA.,Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.,The Wilds, Cumberland, OH, USA.,Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | | | - Andrew R Whiteley
- Department of Ecosystems and Conservation Sciences and Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Kevin McGarigal
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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18
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Isolation-by-distance and male-biased dispersal at a fine spatial scale: a study of the common European adder (Vipera berus) in a rural landscape. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Ribeiro SE, de Almeida-Rocha JM, Weber MM, Kajin M, Lorini ML, Cerqueira R. Do anthropogenic matrix and life-history traits structure small mammal populations? A meta-analytical approach. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Dudaniec RY, Carey AR, Svensson EI, Hansson B, Yong CJ, Lancaster LT. Latitudinal clines in sexual selection, sexual size dimorphism and sex-specific genetic dispersal during a poleward range expansion. J Anim Ecol 2021; 91:1104-1118. [PMID: 33759189 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Range expansions can be shaped by sex differences in behaviours and other phenotypic traits affecting dispersal and reproduction. Here, we investigate sex differences in morphology, behaviour and genomic population differentiation along a climate-mediated range expansion in the common bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans) in northern Europe. We sampled 65 sites along a 583-km gradient spanning the I. elegans range in Sweden and quantified latitudinal gradients in site relative abundance, sex ratio and sex-specific shifts in body size and mating status (a measure of sexual selection). Using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for 426 individuals from 25 sites, we further investigated sex-specific landscape and climatic effects on neutral genetic connectivity and migration patterns. We found evidence for sex differences associated with the I. elegans range expansion, namely (a) increased male body size with latitude, but no latitudinal effect on female body size, resulting in reduced sexual dimorphism towards the range limit, (b) a steeper decline in male genetic similarity with increasing geographic distance than in females, (c) male-biased genetic migration propensity and (d) a latitudinal cline in migration distance (increasing migratory distances towards the range margin), which was stronger in males. Cooler mean annual temperatures towards the range limit were associated with increased resistance to gene flow in both sexes. Sex ratios became increasingly male biased towards the range limit, and there was evidence for a changed sexual selection regime shifting from favouring larger males in the south to favouring smaller males in the north. Our findings suggest sex-specific spatial phenotype sorting at the range limit, where larger males disperse more under higher landscape resistance associated with cooler climates. The combination of latitudinal gradients in sex-biased dispersal, increasing male body size and (reduced) sexual size dimorphism should have emergent consequences for sexual selection dynamics and the mating system at the expanding range front. Our study illustrates the importance of considering sex differences in the study of range expansions driven by ongoing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Y Dudaniec
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander R Carey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Saving our Species Program, New South Wales Government, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Bengt Hansson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chuan Ji Yong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lesley T Lancaster
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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21
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Herrero A, Klütsch CFC, Holmala K, Maduna SN, Kopatz A, Eiken HG, Hagen SB. Genetic analysis indicates spatial-dependent patterns of sex-biased dispersal in Eurasian lynx in Finland. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246833. [PMID: 33606691 PMCID: PMC7894887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation and management of large carnivores requires knowledge of female and male dispersal. Such information is crucial to evaluate the population's status and thus management actions. This knowledge is challenging to obtain, often incomplete and contradictory at times. The size of the target population and the methods applied can bias the results. Also, population history and biological or environmental influences can affect dispersal on different scales within a study area. We have genotyped Eurasian lynx (180 males and 102 females, collected 2003-2017) continuously distributed in southern Finland (~23,000 km2) using 21 short tandem repeats (STR) loci and compared statistical genetic tests to infer local and sex-specific dispersal patterns within and across genetic clusters as well as geographic regions. We tested for sex-specific substructure with individual-based Bayesian assignment tests and spatial autocorrelation analyses. Differences between the sexes in genetic differentiation, relatedness, inbreeding, and diversity were analysed using population-based AMOVA, F-statistics, and assignment indices. Our results showed two different genetic clusters that were spatially structured for females but admixed for males. Similarly, spatial autocorrelation and relatedness was significantly higher in females than males. However, we found weaker sex-specific patterns for the Eurasian lynx when the data were separated in three geographical regions than when divided in the two genetic clusters. Overall, our results suggest male-biased dispersal and female philopatry for the Eurasian lynx in Southern Finland. The female genetic structuring increased from west to east within our study area. In addition, detection of male-biased dispersal was dependent on analytical methods utilized, on whether subtle underlying genetic structuring was considered or not, and the choice of population delineation. Conclusively, we suggest using multiple genetic approaches to study sex-biased dispersal in a continuously distributed species in which population delineation is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Herrero
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cornelya F. C. Klütsch
- NIBIO—Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Svanvik, Norway
| | - Katja Holmala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail: (KH); (SBH)
| | - Simo N. Maduna
- NIBIO—Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Svanvik, Norway
| | - Alexander Kopatz
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hans Geir Eiken
- NIBIO—Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Svanvik, Norway
| | - Snorre B. Hagen
- NIBIO—Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Svanvik, Norway
- * E-mail: (KH); (SBH)
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22
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Walton Z, Hagenlund M, Østbye K, Samelius G, Odden M, Norman A, Willebrand T, Spong G. Moving far, staying close: red fox dispersal patterns revealed by SNP genotyping. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe genetic structure of a population can provide important insights into animal movements at varying geographical scales. Individual and social behaviors, such as philopatry and dispersal, affect patterns of relatedness, age and sex structure, shaping the local genetic structure of populations. However, these fine scale patterns may not be detected within broader population genetic structure. Using SNP genotyping for pairwise relatedness estimates, we investigated the spatial and genetic structuring of 141 red foxes within south-central Sweden at two scales. First, we looked at broad scale population structuring among red foxes at the regional level. We then estimated pairwise relatedness values to evaluate the spatial and genetic structure of male, female and mixed sex pairs for patterns of philopatry and dispersal at a more localized scale. We found limited genetic differentiation at the regional scale. However, local investigations revealed patterns of female philopatry and male biased dispersal. There were significant differences in pairwise geographic distances between highly related same sex pairs with the average distance between related males, 37.8 km, being six times farther than that of related females, averaging 6.3 km. In summary, the low levels of genetic differentiation found in this study illustrates the mobility and dispersal ability of red foxes across scales. However, relatedness plays a strong role in the spatial organization of red foxes locally, ultimately contributing to male biased dispersal patterns.
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23
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Karamanlidis AA, Kopatz A, de Gabriel Hernando M. Dispersal patterns of a recovering brown bear (Ursus arctos) population in a human-dominated landscape. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Despite increasing habitat fragmentation, large carnivore populations in parts of Europe have been recovering and expanding into human-dominated areas. Knowledge of animal dispersal patterns in such areas is important for their conservation, management, and coexistence with humans. We used genetic data based on 15 microsatellite markers from 312 individuals (98 females, 214 males) to assess kinship and dispersal patterns during the recovery and spatial expansion of a wild brown bear (Ursus arctos) population (2003–2010) in the human-dominated landscape of Greece. We hypothesized that bear dispersal in Greece was sex-biased, with females being more philopatric and males dispersing more frequently and over greater distances. Dispersal indeed was sex-biased, with males dispersing more frequently and farther than females. Overall, females were found to be philopatric; males also appeared to be philopatric, but to a lesser degree. However, a high proportion of females displayed dispersal behavior, which may be indicative of a pre-saturation stage of the population in that part of the country. Our results indicate that dispersal may be due to evading competition and avoiding inbreeding. We also documented long-distance dispersal of bears, which is considered to be indicative of a spatially expanding population. Our results highlight the value of using noninvasive genetic monitoring data to assess kinship among individuals and study dispersal patterns in human-dominated landscapes. Brown bears remain threatened in Greece; we therefore recommend systematic genetic monitoring of the species in combination with careful habitat management to protect suitable habitat (i.e., dispersal corridors) and ultimately ensure co-existence with humans and survival of brown bears in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros A Karamanlidis
- ARCTUROS, Civil Society for the Protection and Management of Wildlife and the Natural Environment, Aetos, Florina, Greece
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Alexander Kopatz
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miguel de Gabriel Hernando
- ARCTUROS, Civil Society for the Protection and Management of Wildlife and the Natural Environment, Aetos, Florina, Greece
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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24
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Byers KA, Booker TR, Combs M, Himsworth CG, Munshi‐South J, Patrick DM, Whitlock MC. Using genetic relatedness to understand heterogeneous distributions of urban rat-associated pathogens. Evol Appl 2021; 14:198-209. [PMID: 33519965 PMCID: PMC7819557 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) carry several pathogens transmissible to people. However, pathogen prevalence can vary across fine spatial scales (i.e., by city block). Using a population genomics approach, we sought to describe rat movement patterns across an urban landscape and to evaluate whether these patterns align with pathogen distributions. We genotyped 605 rats from a single neighborhood in Vancouver, Canada, and used 1,495 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to identify parent-offspring and sibling relationships using pedigree analysis. We resolved 1,246 pairs of relatives, of which only 1% of pairs were captured in different city blocks. Relatives were primarily caught within 33 meters of each other leading to a highly leptokurtic distribution of dispersal distances. Using binomial generalized linear mixed models, we evaluated whether family relationships influenced rat pathogen status with the bacterial pathogens Leptospira interrogans, Bartonella tribocorum, and Clostridium difficile, and found that an individual's pathogen status was not predicted any better by including disease status of related rats. The spatial clustering of related rats and their pathogens lends support to the hypothesis that spatially restricted movement promotes the heterogeneous patterns of pathogen prevalence evidenced in this population. Our findings also highlight the utility of evolutionary tools to understand movement and rat-associated health risks in urban landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee A. Byers
- Department of Interdisciplinary StudiesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Canadian Wildlife Health CooperativeAnimal Health CentreBritish Columbia Ministry of AgricultureAbbotsfordBCCanada
| | - Tom R. Booker
- Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Matthew Combs
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Chelsea G. Himsworth
- Canadian Wildlife Health CooperativeAnimal Health CentreBritish Columbia Ministry of AgricultureAbbotsfordBCCanada
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Animal Health CentreBritish Columbia Ministry of AgricultureAbbotsfordBCCanada
| | - Jason Munshi‐South
- Louis Calder Center‐Biological Field Station and Department of Biological ScienceFordham UniversityArmonkNYUSA
| | - David M. Patrick
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease ControlVancouverBCCanada
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25
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Garrett LJH, Myatt JP, Sadler JP, Dawson DA, Hipperson H, Colbourne JK, Dickey RC, Weber SB, Reynolds SJ. Spatio-temporal processes drive fine-scale genetic structure in an otherwise panmictic seabird population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20725. [PMID: 33244100 PMCID: PMC7691516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77517-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
When and where animals breed can shape the genetic structure and diversity of animal populations. The importance of drivers of genetic diversity is amplified in island populations that tend to have more delineated gene pools compared to continental populations. Studies of relatedness as a function of the spatial distribution of individuals have demonstrated the importance of spatial organisation for individual fitness with outcomes that are conditional on the overall genetic diversity of the population. However, few studies have investigated the impact of breeding timing on genetic structure. We characterise the fine-scale genetic structure of a geographically-isolated population of seabirds. Microsatellite markers provide evidence for largely transient within-breeding season temporal processes and limited spatial processes, affecting genetic structure in an otherwise panmictic population of sooty terns Onychoprion fuscatus. Earliest breeders had significantly different genetic structure from the latest breeders. Limited evidence was found for localised spatial structure, with a small number of individuals being more related to their nearest neighbours than the rest of the population. Therefore, population genetic structure is shaped by heterogeneities in collective movement in time and to a lesser extent space, that result in low levels of spatio-temporal genetic structure and the maintenance of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy J H Garrett
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. .,NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. .,Department of Animal and Agriculture, Hartpury University, Gloucester, UK.
| | - Julia P Myatt
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jon P Sadler
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah A Dawson
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Helen Hipperson
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roger C Dickey
- The Army Ornithological Society (AOS), c/o Prince Consort Library, Knollys Road, Aldershot, Hampshire, UK
| | - Sam B Weber
- Ascension Island Government Conservation and Fisheries Department (AIGCFD), Ascension Island, UK.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - S James Reynolds
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,The Army Ornithological Society (AOS), c/o Prince Consort Library, Knollys Road, Aldershot, Hampshire, UK
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26
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Saitoh T. High variation of mitochondrial
DNA
diversity as compared to nuclear microsatellites in mammalian populations. Ecol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Zhu Q, Damba I, Zhao Q, Yi K, Batbayar N, Natsagdorj T, Davaasuren B, Wang X, Rozenfeld S, Moriguchi S, Zhan A, Cao L, Fox AD. Lack of conspicuous sex-biased dispersal patterns at different spatial scales in an Asian endemic goose species breeding in unpredictable steppe wetlands. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7006-7020. [PMID: 32760508 PMCID: PMC7391341 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal affects the spatial distribution and population structure of species. Dispersal is often male-biased in mammals while female-biased in birds, with the notable exception of the Anatidae. In this study, we tested genetic evidence for sex-biased dispersal (SBD) in the Swan Goose Anser cygnoides, an Asian endemic and IUCN vulnerable species, which has been increasingly restricted to breeding on Mongolian steppe wetlands. We analyzed the genotypes of 278 Swan Geese samples from 14 locations at 14 microsatellite loci. Results from assignment indices, analysis of molecular variance, and five other population descriptors all failed to support significant SBD signals for the Swan Goose at the landscape level. Although overall results showed significantly high relatedness within colonies (suggesting high levels of philopatry in both sexes), local male genetic structure at the 1,050 km distance indicated greater dispersal distance for females from the eastern sector of the breeding range. Hence, local dispersal is likely scale-dependent and female-biased within the eastern breeding range. These findings are intriguing considering the prevailing expectation for there to be female fidelity in most goose species. We suggest that while behavior-related traits may have facilitated the local genetic structure for the Swan Goose, several extrinsic factors, including the decreasing availability of the nesting sites and the severe fragmentation of breeding habitats, could have contributed to the absence of SBD at the landscape level. The long-distance molt migration that is typical of goose species such as the Swan Goose may also have hampered our ability to detect SBD. Hence, we urge further genetic sampling from other areas in summer to extend our results, complemented by field observations to confirm our DNA analysis conclusions about sex-specific dispersal patterns at different spatial scales in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Iderbat Damba
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Ornithology LaboratoryInstitute of BiologyMongolian Academy of SciencesUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Qingshan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kunpeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | | | | | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sonia Rozenfeld
- Bird Ringing Centre of RussiaInstitute of Ecology and EvolutionRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Sachiko Moriguchi
- Faculty of Veterinary ScienceNippon Veterinary and Life Science UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Aibin Zhan
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Environmental BiotechnologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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28
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Pacioni C, Atkinson A, Wayne AF, Maxwell MA, Ward CG, Spencer PBS. Spatially sensitive harvest design can minimize genetic relatedness and enhance genetic outcomes in translocation programmes. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Pacioni
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning Arthur Rylah Institute Heidelberg Vic Australia
| | - A. Atkinson
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | - A. F. Wayne
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Biodiveristy and Conservation Science Manjimup WA Australia
| | - M. A. Maxwell
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Biodiveristy and Conservation Science Manjimup WA Australia
| | - C. G. Ward
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Biodiveristy and Conservation Science Manjimup WA Australia
| | - P. B. S. Spencer
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
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29
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Cuypers LN, Baird SJE, Hánová A, Locus T, Katakweba AS, Gryseels S, Bryja J, Leirs H, Goüy de Bellocq J. Three arenaviruses in three subspecific natal multimammate mouse taxa in Tanzania: same host specificity, but different spatial genetic structure? Virus Evol 2020; 6:veaa039. [PMID: 33033629 PMCID: PMC7532547 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastomys natalensis is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and hosts several arenavirus species, including the pathogenic zoonotic Lassa virus in West Africa. Mitochondrial lineages sub-divide the range of M. natalensis and have been associated with cryptic structure within the species. To test specificity of arenaviruses to hosts carrying these lineages, we screened 1772 M. natalensis in a large area of Tanzania where three mitochondrial lineages meet. We detected fifty-two individuals that were positive for one of three arenaviruses: Gairo, Morogoro, and Luna virus. This is the first record of Luna virus in Tanzania. We confirmed the specificity of each arenavirus to a distinct host mitochondrial lineage except for three cases in one locality at the centre of a host hybrid zone. No arenaviruses were detected in a large part of the study area. Morogoro and Gairo virus showed differences in prevalence (Morogoro virus lower than Gairo virus) and in genetic structure (Morogoro virus more structured than Gairo virus). However, both viruses have genetic neighbourhood size estimates of the same order of magnitude as Lassa virus. While differences in arenavirus and/or host evolutionary and ecological dynamics may exist, Tanzanian arenaviruses could be suited to model Lassa virus dynamics in M. natalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Cuypers
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stuart J E Baird
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Hánová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tatjana Locus
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abdul S Katakweba
- Pest Management Centre, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Sophie Gryseels
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Herwig Leirs
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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30
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Scherm B, Balmas V, Infantino A, Aragona M, Valente MT, Desiderio F, Marcello A, Phanthavong S, Burgess LW, Rau D. Clonality, spatial structure, and pathogenic variation in Fusarium fujikuroi from rain-fed rice in southern Laos. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226556. [PMID: 31869352 PMCID: PMC6927642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bakanae disease, caused by the fungal phytopathogen Fusarium fujikuroi, can be detected in most rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing areas worldwide. In this study, we investigated the population structure of this fungus in southern Lao PDR, a country located near the geographic origin of rice domestication. Microsatellites (SSRs) and mating type (MAT) analyses, pathogenicity and fungicide sensitivity tests were integrated in the study. The first key finding is that the population genetic structure of F. fujikuroi in Lao PDR is consistent with high clonal reproduction. Indeed, (i) “true” clones were identified; (ii) within populations, MAT types were frequently skewed from 1:1 ratio, (iii) linkage disequilibrium (among SSRs as also among SSRs and MAT) was present, and (iv) gene-flow between opposite MAT types within the same population is restricted. The presence of genetic divergence among areas and populations and the occurrence of positive spatial autocorrelation of genetic variation, indicate that migration is restricted, and that genetic drift plays an important role in the evolution of this fungus. Two main well-defined groups of isolates were detected (FST = 0.213) that display a non-random spatial distribution. They differ in the ability to induce seedlings death but not seedlings elongation (the typical Bakanae symptom) suggesting that the pathogen’s ability to induce the two symptoms is under different genetic control. Finally, we compared two agroecosystems with contrasting characteristics: low-input and traditional (Lao PDR) vs high-input and modern (Italy). We found differences in the level of population structuring and of spatial autocorrelation. This suggests that the evolutionary potential of the fungus not only depends on its intrinsic characteristics, but is strongly influenced by other external factors, most likely by the dynamics of infested seed exchange. Thus, quarantine and chemical treatments are a way to reduce population connectivity and hence the evolutionary potential of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Scherm
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Virgilio Balmas
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Infantino
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Aragona
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Valente
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Desiderio
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy
| | - Angela Marcello
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sengphet Phanthavong
- Provincial Agriculture and Forestry, Thaluang Village, Pakse, Champasak, Lao PDR
| | - Lester W. Burgess
- Sydney Insitute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Domenico Rau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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von Takach Dukai B, Peakall R, Lindenmayer DB, Banks SC. The influence of fire and silvicultural practices on the landscape-scale genetic structure of an Australian foundation tree species. CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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32
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Binns LA, Loughry WJ, McDonough CM, Anderson CD. Spatial genetic structure within a population of nine-banded armadillos in western Mississippi. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is unique among mammals because females produce litters of genetically identical quadruplets via monozygotic polyembryony. This unusual form of reproduction could have profound impacts on the spatial genetic structure of populations of armadillos, but at present it is unclear whether littermates remain together as adults, or if sex-biased dispersal occurs. The goal of our study was to determine whether fine-scale spatial genetic structure (FSGS) within a population of armadillos diminishes with age (i.e., from juvenile to adult due to the dispersal of littermates away from one another), and if the degree of FSGS for a given age class differs between the sexes. We obtained genotype data at seven microsatellite DNA loci for 421 individuals in a wild population of armadillos inhabiting the Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge in western Mississippi. Correlogram analyses based on measures of spatial genetic autocorrelation showed weak but significant FSGS that was driven by positive spatial genetic autocorrelation among both male and female juveniles and adult males, but not adult females. Positive spatial genetic autocorrelation among adult males could be due to either female-biased dispersal or high variance in male reproductive success. Further work is required to discriminate between these two possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren A Binns
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA, USA
| | - W J Loughry
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA, USA
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Li J, Lv L, Wang P, Wang Y, Hatchwell BJ, Zhang Z. Sex-biased dispersal patterns of a social passerine: complementary approaches and evidence for a role of spatial scale. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAnimal dispersal patterns have important implications for many biological processes, but the measurement of dispersal is challenging and often requires the use of complementary approaches. In this study, we investigated the local-scale sex-biased dispersal pattern in a social bird, the black-throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus), in central China. Spatial genetic autocorrelation analyses suggested that significant fine-scale genetic structure existed in males but not in females. Mark–recapture analyses of ringed individuals also showed that female offspring were more dispersive than male offspring, supporting genetic evidence of local female-biased dispersal. These results were contrary to a previous finding of male-biased long-distance dispersal in this species that was based on analyses of gene flow across the species range in China. This implies that the species might potentially have a scale-dependent dispersal strategy, with females frequently dispersing further than males at the local level, but with a proportion of males occasionally dispersing over long distances and contributing more to gene flow at a larger geographical scale. Long-distance dispersal by male black-throated tits might be induced by competition for resources or by unfavourable environmental conditions, warranting further investigation, but our findings increase the evidence that geographical scale is an important factor to be considered when investigating animal dispersal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Li
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Agricultural, Life and Natural Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL, USA
| | - Ben J Hatchwell
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Zhengwang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Santos TL, Fernandes C, Henley MD, Dawson DA, Mumby HS. Conservation Genetic Assessment of Savannah Elephants ( Loxodonta africana) in the Greater Kruger Biosphere, South Africa. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E779. [PMID: 31590388 PMCID: PMC6826889 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Savannah elephant populations have been severely reduced and fragmented throughout its remaining range. In general, however, there is limited information regarding their genetic status, which is essential knowledge for conservation. We investigated patterns of genetic variation in savannah elephants from the Greater Kruger Biosphere, with a focus on those in previously unstudied nature reserves adjacent to Kruger National Park, using dung samples from 294 individuals and 18 microsatellites. The results of genetic structure analyses using several different methods of ordination and Bayesian clustering strongly suggest that elephants throughout the Greater Kruger National Park (GKNP) constitute a single population. No evidence of a recent genetic bottleneck was detected using three moment-based approaches and two coalescent likelihood methods. The apparent absence of a recent genetic bottleneck associated with the known early 1900s demographic bottleneck may result from a combination of rapid post-bottleneck population growth, immigration and long generation time. Point estimates of contemporary effective population size (Ne) for the GKNP were ~ 500-700, that is, at the low end of the range of Ne values that have been proposed for maintaining evolutionary potential and the current ratio of Ne to census population size (Nc) may be quite low (<0.1). This study illustrates the difficulties in assessing the impacts on Ne in populations that have suffered demographic crashes but have recovered rapidly and received gene flow, particularly in species with long generation times in which genetic time lags are longer. This work provides a starting point and baseline information for genetic monitoring of the GKNP elephants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Santos
- Bull Elephant Network Project, Conservation Science Group, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QY, UK.
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2TN, UK.
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Fernandes
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Michelle D Henley
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Elephants Alive, P.O. Box 960. Hoedspruit 1380, South Africa.
| | - Deborah A Dawson
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Hannah S Mumby
- Bull Elephant Network Project, Conservation Science Group, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QY, UK.
- Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
- Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Wallotstraße 19, Berlin 14193, Germany.
- School of Biological Sciences and Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Schlesselmann AV, Dussex N, Cooper J, Monks JM, O'Donnell CFJ, Robertson BC. Contrasting patterns of population structure at large and fine geographical scales in a migratory avian disturbance specialist of braided river ecosystems. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ann‐Kathrin V. Schlesselmann
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Dunedin New Zealand
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Dussex
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural History Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jamie Cooper
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Joanne M. Monks
- Department of Conservation Biodiversity Group Dunedin New Zealand
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36
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Kierepka EM, Juarez R, Turner K, Smith J, Hamilton M, Lyons P, Hall MA, Beasley JC, Rhodes OE. Population Genetics of Invasive Brown Tree Snakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam, USA. HERPETOLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1655/d-18-00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Kierepka
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Rebeca Juarez
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Kelsey Turner
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Joshua Smith
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Matthew Hamilton
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Phillip Lyons
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Marc A. Hall
- NAVFAC MAR, PSC 455, Box 195, Honolulu, HI 96540-2937, USA
| | - James C. Beasley
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
| | - Olin E. Rhodes
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA
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37
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Bonzi VR, Carneiro CM, Wisely SM, Monadjem A, McCleery RA, Gumbi B, Austin JD. Comparative spatial genetic structure of two rodent species in an agro-ecological landscape in southern Africa. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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38
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Piza-Roca C, Strickland K, Kent N, Frere CH. Presence of kin-biased social associations in a lizard with no parental care: the eastern water dragon (Intellagama lesueurii). Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous studies have observed kin-biased social associations in a variety of species. Many of these studies have focused on species exhibiting parental care, which may facilitate the transmission of the social environment from parents to offspring. This becomes problematic when disentangling whether kin-biased associations are driven by kin recognition, or are a product of transmission of the social environment during ontogeny, or a combination of both. Studying kin-biased associations in systems that lack parental care may aid in addressing this issue. Furthermore, when studying kin-biased social associations, it is important to differentiate whether these originate from preferential choice or occur randomly as a result of habitat use or limited dispersal. Here, we combined high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism data with a long-term behavioral data set of a reptile with no parental care to demonstrate that eastern water dragons (Intellagama lesueurii) bias their nonrandom social associations toward their kin. In particular, we found that although the overall social network was not linked to genetic relatedness, individuals associated with kin more than expected given availability in space and also biased social preferences toward kin. This result opens important opportunities for the study of kinship-driven associations without the confounding effect of vertical transmission of social environments. Furthermore, we present a robust multiple-step approach for determining whether kin-biased social associations are a result of active social decisions or random encounters resulting from habitat use and dispersal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Piza-Roca
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Kasha Strickland
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Kent
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Celine H Frere
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
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39
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González BA, Vásquez JP, Gómez-Uchida D, Cortés J, Rivera R, Aravena N, Chero AM, Agapito AM, Varas V, Wheleer JC, Orozco-terWengel P, Marín JC. Phylogeography and Population Genetics of Vicugna vicugna: Evolution in the Arid Andean High Plateau. Front Genet 2019; 10:445. [PMID: 31244880 PMCID: PMC6562099 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) is the most representative wild ungulate of the high Andes of South America with two recognized morphological subspecies, V. v. mensalis in the north and V. v. vicugna in the south of its distribution. Current vicuña population size (460,000-520,000 animals) is the result of population recovery programs established in response to 500 years of overexploitation. Despite the vicuña's ecosystemic, economic and social importance, studies about their genetic variation and history are limited and geographically restricted. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the genetic diversity of vicuña based on samples collected throughout its distribution range corresponding to eleven localities in Peru and five in Chile representing V. v. mensalis, plus four localities each in Argentina and Chile representing V. v. vicugna. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers show contrasting results regarding differentiation between the two vicuña types with mitochondrial haplotypes supporting subspecies differentiation, albeit with only a few mutational steps separating the two subspecies. In contrast, microsatellite markers show that vicuña genetic variation is best explained as an isolation by distance pattern where populations on opposite ends of the distribution present different allelic compositions, but the intermediate populations present a variety of alleles shared by both extreme forms. Demographic characterization of the species evidenced a simultaneous and strong reduction in the effective population size in all localities supporting the existence of a unique, large ancestral population (effective size ∼50,000 individuals) as recently as the mid-Holocene. Furthermore, the genetic variation observed across all localities is better explained by a model of gene flow interconnecting them rather than only by genetic drift. Consequently, we propose space "continuous" Management Units for vicuña as populations exhibit differentiation by distance and spatial autocorrelation linked to sex biased dispersal instead of population fragmentation or geographical barriers across the distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito A. González
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- South American Camelid Specialist Group, Survival Species Commission, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan P. Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
- GEECLAB, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniel Gómez-Uchida
- GEECLAB, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge Cortés
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
- GEECLAB, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Romina Rivera
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Iquique, Chile
| | - Nicolas Aravena
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ana M. Chero
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ana M. Agapito
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Valeria Varas
- Doctorado en Ciencias, Mencioìn Ecologiìa y Evolucioìn, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales and Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jane C. Wheleer
- South American Camelid Specialist Group, Survival Species Commission, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Santiago, Chile
- CONOPA-Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Lima, Peru
| | - Pablo Orozco-terWengel
- School of Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Carlos Marín
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
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40
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Dispersal, philopatry and population genetic structure of the mainland dibbler, Parantechinus apicalis. CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Torres E, Riofrío ML, Iriondo JM. Complex fine-scale spatial genetic structure in Epidendrum rhopalostele: an epiphytic orchid. Heredity (Edinb) 2019; 122:458-467. [PMID: 30185924 PMCID: PMC6460762 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-018-0139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Orchid seeds are presumably dispersed by wind due to their very small size and thus can potentially travel long distances. However, the few related studies indicate that seeds fall close to their mother plants. Because seed dispersal and colonization patterns can have relevant consequences for long-term species persistence, we assessed the fine-scale genetic structure of the epiphytic orchid Epidendrum rhopalostele to provide insight into these patterns. All individuals in the studied population were georeferenced and genotyped with AFLP-markers. Genetic structure was evaluated at two levels (forest and tree) using three approaches: principal coordinates analysis, model-based clustering, and spatial autocorrelation analysis. Results showed two genetic groups, composed of individuals from almost every tree with orchids. Spatial autocorrelation analysis at the forest level found no significant genetic structure when all individuals were considered, but a pattern of genetic patches was revealed when the analysis was performed separately for each group. Genetic patches had an estimated diameter of 4 m and were composed of individuals from more than one tree. A weak genetic structure was detected at the tree level at distances less than 1.5 m. These results suggest that many seeds fall close to the mother plant and become established in the same host tree. Additionally, a sequential colonization process seems to be the predominant mode of expansion, whereby progeny from orchids in one tree colonize neighboring trees. Thus, the existence of two distinct genetic groups and the presence of genetic patches should be considered when seed sampling for ex situ conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Torres
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Lorena Riofrío
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - José M Iriondo
- Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
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Roycroft EJ, Le Port A, Lavery SD. Population structure and male-biased dispersal in the short-tail stingray Bathytoshia brevicaudata (Myliobatoidei: Dasyatidae). CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Gopaulchan D, Motilal LA, Bekele FL, Clause S, Ariko JO, Ejang HP, Umaharan P. Morphological and genetic diversity of cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) in Uganda. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:361-375. [PMID: 30956420 PMCID: PMC6419697 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cocoa is among the top foreign exchange earners in Uganda's agriculture sector and has benefitted the livelihood of farmers involved in production. Although cacao cultivation was adopted in the early 1900s, little is known about the on-farm diversity of the crop. A total of 125 cacao landraces were surveyed from eight districts in the Central and Western Regions to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity of cacao in Uganda. Passport data included site, tree, fruit and seed information. Trees were genotyped using 96 single nucleotide polymorphism markers on a Fluidigm platform. Low heterozygosity was detected in the germplasm in both the Central [observed heterozygosity (H o ) = 0.295, expected heterozygosity (H e) = 0.334] and Western Regions (H o = 0.317, H e = 0.322). Genetic variation in both regions was generally comparable but the regions could be differentiated from each other. Inbreeding was noted in the Central Region while a greater sharing of genetic material was observed in the Western Region. The morphological and genetic data indicated that the Ugandan collection was an interspersed group with low to moderate variation with some separation of the Central from Western regions. Ancestry analysis indicated that the majority of the accessions were hybrids of Marañon lineage but also had Amelonado and Iquitos genetic backgrounds. These findings are consistent with the history of the movement of cacao into Uganda. A core collection of 18 individuals to represent the genetic diversity as well as 12 additional trees with possible advantageous traits is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gopaulchan
- Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Sir Frank Stockdale Bldg., St. Augustine, 330912 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lambert A. Motilal
- Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Sir Frank Stockdale Bldg., St. Augustine, 330912 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Frances L. Bekele
- Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Sir Frank Stockdale Bldg., St. Augustine, 330912 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Séverine Clause
- Sunshine Agro Products Ltd, 24, Avenue de la Toison d’Or, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - James O. Ariko
- Sunshine Agro Products Ltd, 24, Avenue de la Toison d’Or, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Harriet P. Ejang
- Sunshine Agro Products Ltd, 24, Avenue de la Toison d’Or, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pathmanathan Umaharan
- Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Sir Frank Stockdale Bldg., St. Augustine, 330912 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
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Liebgold EB, Gerlach NM, Ketterson ED. Density-dependent fitness, not dispersal movements, drives temporal variation in spatial genetic structure in dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis). Mol Ecol 2019; 28:968-979. [PMID: 30714237 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have found that dispersal rates and distances increase with density, indicating that density-dependent dispersal likely affects spatial genetic structure. In an 11-year mark-recapture study on a passerine, the dark-eyed junco, we tested whether density affected dispersal distance and/or fine-scale spatial genetic structure. Contrary to expectations, we found no effect of predispersal density on dispersal distance or the proportion of locally produced juveniles returning to the population from which they hatched. However, even though density did not affect dispersal distance or natal return rates, we found that density still did affect spatial genetic structure. We found significant positive spatial genetic structure at low densities of (postdispersal) adults but not at high densities. In years with high postdispersal (adult) densities that also had high predispersal (juvenile) densities in the previous year, we found negative spatial genetic structure, indicating high levels of dispersal. We found that density also affected fitness of recruits, and fitness of immigrants, potentially linking these population parameters with the spatial genetic structure detected. Immigrants and recruits rarely nested in low postdispersal density years. In contrast, in years with high postdispersal density, recruits were common and immigrants had equal success to local birds, so novel genotypes diluted the gene pool and effectively eliminated positive spatial genetic structure. In relation to fine-scale spatial genetic structure, fitness of immigrants and new recruits is poorly understood compared to dispersal movements, but we conclude that it can have implications for the spatial distribution of genotypes in populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Liebgold
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland
| | - Nicole M Gerlach
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Differential role of a persistent seed bank for genetic variation in early vs. late successional stages. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209840. [PMID: 30586422 PMCID: PMC6306206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent seed banks are predicted to have an important impact on population genetic processes by increasing effective population size and storing past genetic diversity. Accordingly, persistent seed banks may buffer genetic effects of disturbance, fragmentation and/or selection. However, empirical studies surveying the relationship between aboveground and seed bank genetics under changing environments are scarce. Here, we compared genetic variation of aboveground and seed bank cohorts in 15 populations of the partially cleistogamous Viola elatior in two contrasting early and late successional habitats characterized by strong differences in light-availability and declining population size. Using AFLP markers, we found significantly higher aboveground than seed bank genetic diversity in early successional meadow but not in late successional woodland habitats. Moreover, individually, three of eight woodland populations even showed higher seed bank than aboveground diversity. Genetic differentiation among populations was very strong (фST = 0.8), but overall no significant differentiation could be detected between above ground and seed bank cohorts. Small scale spatial genetic structure was generally pronounced but was much stronger in meadow (Sp-statistic: aboveground: 0.60, seed bank: 0.32) than in woodland habitats (aboveground: 0.11; seed bank: 0.03). Our findings indicate that relative seed bank diversity (i.e. compared to aboveground diversity) increases with ongoing succession and despite decreasing population size. As corroborated by markedly lower small-scale genetic structure in late successional habitats, we suggest that the observed changes in relative seed bank diversity are driven by an increase of outcrossing rates. Persistent seed banks in Viola elatior hence will counteract effects of drift and selection, and assure a higher chance for the species’ long term persistence, particularly maintaining genetic variation in declining populations of late successional habitats and thus enhancing success rates of population recovery after disturbance events.
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Corrigan S, Lowther AD, Beheregaray LB, Bruce BD, Cliff G, Duffy CA, Foulis A, Francis MP, Goldsworthy SD, Hyde JR, Jabado RW, Kacev D, Marshall L, Mucientes GR, Naylor GJP, Pepperell JG, Queiroz N, White WT, Wintner SP, Rogers PJ. Population Connectivity of the Highly Migratory Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque 1810) and Implications for Management in the Southern Hemisphere. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tang Q, Low GW, Lim JY, Gwee CY, Rheindt FE. Human activities and landscape features interact to closely define the distribution and dispersal of an urban commensal. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1598-1608. [PMID: 30344630 PMCID: PMC6183452 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The rock pigeon, Columba livia, is a cosmopolitan human commensal, domesticated thousands of years ago. However, the human-mediated factors governing its distribution and dispersal are not well understood. In this study, we performed (a) hierarchical distance sampling on ~400 island-wide point transects, (b) a population genomic inquiry based on ~7,000 SNPs from almost 150 individuals, and (c) landscape genomic analyses on the basis of extensive ecological and socio-economic databases to characterize the distribution and dispersal patterns of rock pigeons across Singapore. Our distance sampling results indicated that the volume of intentional "mercy feeding" and availability of high-rise buildings are the most reliable predictors of high pigeon densities in Singapore. Genomic analyses demonstrated that rock pigeons in Singapore form a single population possibly derived from rapid expansion from a genetically homogenous group of founder individuals. In specific, rock pigeons in Singapore lack sex-biased dispersal and are clustered with a genetic patch size of ~3 km. Landscape genomic analyses of great precision pointed to the presence of dense trees as agents of resistance to dispersal, whereas a high road density reduces this resistance. By pinpointing a range of ecological and socio-economic variables determining the distribution and dispersal of pigeons, our study provides urban planners with the tools for optimal management of this human commensal, such as a curtailment of the practice of mercy feeding and modifications to the urban landscape to reduce pigeon density and to lower the likelihood of repopulation by dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Gabriel Weijie Low
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Jia Ying Lim
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Chyi Yin Gwee
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Frank E. Rheindt
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
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49
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Fine-scale genetic structure in a salamander with two reproductive modes: Does reproductive mode affect dispersal? Evol Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-018-9957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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50
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Torres I, Parra A, Moreno JM, Durka W. No genetic adaptation of the Mediterranean keystone shrub Cistus ladanifer in response to experimental fire and extreme drought. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199119. [PMID: 29924833 PMCID: PMC6010289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Mediterranean ecosystems, climate change is projected to increase fire danger and summer drought, thus reducing post-fire recruitment of obligate seeder species, and possibly affecting the population genetic structure. We performed a genome-wide genetic marker study, using AFLP markers, on individuals from one Central Spain population of the obligate post-fire seeder Cistus ladanifer L. that established after experimental fire and survived during four subsequent years under simulated drought implemented with a rainout shelter system. We explored the effects of the treatments on marker diversity, spatial genetic structure and presence of outlier loci suggestive of selection. We found no effect of fire or drought on any of the genetic diversity metrics. Analysis of Molecular Variance showed very low genetic differentiation among treatments. Neither fire nor drought altered the small-scale spatial genetic structure of the population. Only one locus was significantly associated with the fire treatment, but inconsistently across outlier detection methods. Neither fire nor drought are likely to affect the genetic makeup of emerging C. ladanifer, despite reduced recruitment caused by drought. The lack of genetic change suggests that reduced recruitment is a random, non-selective process with no genome-wide consequences on this keystone, drought- and fire tolerant Mediterranean species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Torres
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Toledo, Spain
| | - Antonio Parra
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Toledo, Spain
| | - José M. Moreno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Toledo, Spain
| | - Walter Durka
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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