1
|
Wawrzyńska A, Sirko A. Sulfate Availability and Hormonal Signaling in the Coordination of Plant Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3978. [PMID: 38612787 PMCID: PMC11012643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulfur (S), one of the crucial macronutrients, plays a pivotal role in fundamental plant processes and the regulation of diverse metabolic pathways. Additionally, it has a major function in plant protection against adverse conditions by enhancing tolerance, often interacting with other molecules to counteract stresses. Despite its significance, a thorough comprehension of how plants regulate S nutrition and particularly the involvement of phytohormones in this process remains elusive. Phytohormone signaling pathways crosstalk to modulate growth and developmental programs in a multifactorial manner. Additionally, S availability regulates the growth and development of plants through molecular mechanisms intertwined with phytohormone signaling pathways. Conversely, many phytohormones influence or alter S metabolism within interconnected pathways. S metabolism is closely associated with phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (AUX), brassinosteroids (BR), cytokinins (CK), ethylene (ET), gibberellic acid (GA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and strigolactones (SL). This review provides a summary of the research concerning the impact of phytohormones on S metabolism and, conversely, how S availability affects hormonal signaling. Although numerous molecular details are yet to be fully understood, several core signaling components have been identified at the crossroads of S and major phytohormonal pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wawrzyńska
- Laboratory of Plant Protein Homeostasis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gómez-Ocampo G, Cascales J, Medina-Fraga AL, Ploschuk EL, Mantese AI, Crocco CD, Matsusaka D, Sánchez DH, Botto JF. Transcriptomic and physiological shade avoidance responses in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13991. [PMID: 37616016 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants detect competitors in shaded environments by perceiving a reduction in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and the reduction between the red and far-red light (R:FR) ratio and blue photons. These light signals are detected by phytochromes and cryptochromes, which trigger shade avoidance responses such as shoot and petiole elongation and lead to increased susceptibility to pathogen attack. We studied morphological, anatomical, and photosynthesis differences in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum var. Spunta) exposed to sunlight or simulated shade in a greenhouse. We found that simulated shade strongly induced stem and internode elongation with a higher production of free auxin in stems and a lower production of tubers. The mesophyll thickness of the upper leaves of plants grown in simulated shade was lower, but the epidermis was wider compared with the leaves of plants cultivated in sunlight. In addition, the photosynthesis rate was lower in the upper leaves exposed to nonsaturated irradiances and higher in the basal leaves at saturated irradiances compared with control plants. RNA-seq analysis showed that 146 and 155 genes were up- and downregulated by shade, respectively. By quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed that FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), WRKY-like, and PAR1b were induced, while FLAVONOL 4-SULFOTRANSFERASE was repressed under shade. In shaded plants, leaves and tubers were more susceptible to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea attack. Overall, our work demonstrates configurational changes between growth and defense decisions in potato plants cultivated in simulated shade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gómez-Ocampo
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cascales
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana L Medina-Fraga
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edmundo L Ploschuk
- Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anita I Mantese
- Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos D Crocco
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Matsusaka
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego H Sánchez
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier F Botto
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Mu Y, Chang X, Li G, Dong Z, Sun J, Jin S, Wang X, Zhang L, Jin S. Functional verification and screening of protein interacting with the slPHB3. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2025678. [PMID: 35112644 PMCID: PMC9176260 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2025678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
slPHB3 was cloned from Salix linearistipularis, the amino acid sequence blast and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that slPHB3 has the most similarity with PHB3 from Populus trichocarpa using DNAMAN software and MEGA7 software. RT-qPCR results confirmed that the expression of slPHB3 was induced obviously under stress treatments. The growth of recombinant yeast cells was better than that of the control group under the stress treatment, indicating that slPHB3 may be involved in the stress response of yeast cells. The transgenic tobacco was treated with different concentrations of NaCl, NaHCO3 and H2O2, fresh weigh of overexpression tobacco were heavier than wild-types. The results showed that transgenic tobacco was more tolerant to salt and oxidation than wild-type tobacco. Expression of important genes including NHX1 and SOS1 in salt stress response pathways are steadily higher in overexpression tobacco than that in wild-types. We identified 17 proteins interacting with slPHB3 by yeast two-hybrid technique, most of these proteins were relation to the stresses. The salt tolerance of slPHB3 expressing yeast and slPHB3 overexpressing plants were better than that of the control. Ten stress-related proteins may interact with slPHB3, which preliminarily indicated that slPHB3 had a certain response relationship with salt stress. The study of slPHB3 under abiotic stress can improve our understanding of PHB3 gene function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haining Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yitong Mu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - GuanRong Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongquan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shengxuan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shumei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang M, Wang M, Zhao M, Wang M, Liu S, Tian Y, Moon B, Liang C, Li C, Shi W, Bai MY, Liu S, Zhang W, Hwang I, Xia G. TaSRO1 plays a dual role in suppressing TaSIP1 to fine tune mitochondrial retrograde signalling and enhance salinity stress tolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:495-511. [PMID: 35751377 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Initially discovered in yeast, mitochondrial retrograde signalling has long been recognised as an essential in the perception of stress by eukaryotes. However, how to maintain the optimal amplitude and duration of its activation under natural stress conditions remains elusive in plants. Here, we show that TaSRO1, a major contributor to the agronomic performance of bread wheat plants exposed to salinity stress, interacted with a transmembrane domain-containing NAC transcription factor TaSIP1, which could translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the nucleus and activate some mitochondrial dysfunction stimulon (MDS) genes. Overexpression of TaSIP1 and TaSIP1-∆C (a form lacking the transmembrane domain) in wheat both compromised the plants' tolerance of salinity stress, highlighting the importance of precise regulation of this signal cascade during salinity stress. The interaction of TaSRO1/TaSIP1, in the cytoplasm, arrested more TaSIP1 on the membrane of ER, and in the nucleus, attenuated the trans-activation activity of TaSIP1, therefore reducing the TaSIP1-mediated activation of MDS genes. Moreover, the overexpression of TaSRO1 rescued the inferior phenotype induced by TaSIP1 overexpression. Our study provides an orchestrating mechanism executed by the TaSRO1-TaSIP1 module that balances the growth and stress response via fine tuning the level of mitochondria retrograde signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Min Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mengcheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shupeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yanchen Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Byeongho Moon
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Chaochao Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Supikova K, Kosinova A, Vavrusa M, Koplikova L, François A, Pospisil J, Zatloukal M, Wever R, Hartog A, Gruz J. Sulfated phenolic acids in plants. PLANTA 2022; 255:124. [PMID: 35562552 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated phenolic acids are widely occurring metabolites in plants, including fruits, vegetables and crops. The untargeted UHPLC-QTOF-MS metabolomics of more than 50 samples from plant, fungi and algae lead to the discovery of a small group of sulfated metabolites derived from phenolic acids. These compounds were detected in land plants for the first time. In this study, zosteric acid, 4-(sulfooxy)benzoic acid, 4-(sulfoooxy)phenylacetic acid, ferulic acid 4-sulfate and/or vanillic acid 4-sulfate were detected in a number of edible species/products, including oat (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), carrot (Daucus carota subsp. Sativus Hoffm.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica Plenck), celery (Apium graveolens L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. sabauda L.), banana tree (Musa tropicana L.), pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus L.), radish bulb (Raphanus sativus L.) and olive oil (Olea europaea L.). The structural identification of sulfated compounds was performed by comparing retention times and mass spectral data to those of synthesized standards. In addition to above-mentioned compounds, isoferulic acid 3-sulfate and caffeic acid 4-sulfate were putatively identified in celery bulb (Apium graveolens L.) and broccoli floret (Brassica oleracea var. Italica Plenck), respectively. While sulfated phenolic acids were quantified in concentrations ranging from 0.34 to 22.18 µg·g-1 DW, the corresponding non-sulfated acids were mostly undetected or present at lower concentrations. The subsequent analysis of oat symplast and apoplast showed that they are predominantly accumulated in the symplast (> 70%) where they are supposed to be biosynthesized by sulfotransferases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Supikova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Kosinova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vavrusa
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Koplikova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anja François
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jiri Pospisil
- Department of Chemical Biology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Department of Chemical Biology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ron Wever
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aloysius Hartog
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jiri Gruz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Accumulation of Salicylic Acid and Related Metabolites in Selaginella moellendorffii. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030461. [PMID: 35161442 PMCID: PMC8839085 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone that plays manifold roles in plant growth, defense, and other aspects of plant physiology. The concentration of free SA in plants is fine-tuned by a variety of structural modifications. SA is produced by all land plants, yet it is not known whether its metabolism is conserved in all lineages. Selaginella moellendorffii is a lycophyte and thus a representative of an ancient clade of vascular plants. Here, we evaluated the accumulation of SA and related metabolites in aerial parts of S. moellendorffii. We found that SA is primarily stored as the 2-O-β-glucoside. Hydroxylated derivatives of SA are also produced by S. moellendorffii and stored as β-glycosides. A candidate signal for SA aspartate was also detected. Phenylpropanoic acids also occur in S. moellendorffii tissue. Only o-coumaric acid is stored as the β-glycoside, while caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids accumulate as alkali-labile conjugates. An in silico search for enzymes involved in conjugation and catabolism of SA in the S. moellendorffii genome indicated that experimental characterization is necessary to clarify the physiological functions of the putative orthologs. This study sheds light on SA metabolism in an ancestral plant species and suggests directions towards elucidating the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Liu S, Shi H, Ma J, Jing M, Han Y. The TSN1 Binding Protein RH31 Is a Component of Stress Granules and Participates in Regulation of Salt-Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:804356. [PMID: 35003193 PMCID: PMC8733394 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.804356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Tudor staphylococcal nucleases (TSNs) are evolutionarily conserved RNA binding proteins, which include redundant TSN1 and TSN2 in Arabidopsis. It has been showed TSNs are the components of stress granules (SGs) and regulate plant growth under salt stress. In this study, we find a binding protein of TSN1, RH31, which is a DEAD-box RNA helicase (RH). Subcellular localization studies show that RH31 is mainly located in the nucleus, but under salinity, it translocates to the cytoplasm where it accumulates in cytoplasmic granules. After cycloheximide (CHX) treatment which can block the formation of SGs by interfering with mRNP homeostasis, these cytoplasmic granules disappeared. More importantly, RH31 co-localizes with SGs marker protein RBP47. RH31 deletion results in salt-hypersensitive phenotype, while RH31 overexpression causes more resistant to salt stress. In summary, we demonstrate that RH31, the TSN1 binding protein, is a component of plant SGs and participates in regulation of salt-stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wheat Research Institute, Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, China
| | - Shijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Meng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Faraji S, Heidari P, Amouei H, Filiz E, Abdullah, Poczai P. Investigation and Computational Analysis of the Sulfotransferase (SOT) Gene Family in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum): Insights into Sulfur Adjustment for Proper Development and Stimuli Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2597. [PMID: 34961068 PMCID: PMC8707064 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Various kinds of primary metabolisms in plants are modulated through sulfate metabolism, and sulfotransferases (SOTs), which are engaged in sulfur metabolism, catalyze sulfonation reactions. In this study, a genome-wide approach was utilized for the recognition and characterization of SOT family genes in the significant nutritional crop potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Twenty-nine putative StSOT genes were identified in the potato genome and were mapped onto the nine S. tuberosum chromosomes. The protein motifs structure revealed two highly conserved 5'-phosphosulfate-binding (5' PSB) regions and a 3'-phosphate-binding (3' PB) motif that are essential for sulfotransferase activities. The protein-protein interaction networks also revealed an interesting interaction between SOTs and other proteins, such as PRTase, APS-kinase, protein phosphatase, and APRs, involved in sulfur compound biosynthesis and the regulation of flavonoid and brassinosteroid metabolic processes. This suggests the importance of sulfotransferases for proper potato growth and development and stress responses. Notably, homology modeling of StSOT proteins and docking analysis of their ligand-binding sites revealed the presence of proline, glycine, serine, and lysine in their active sites. An expression essay of StSOT genes via potato RNA-Seq data suggested engagement of these gene family members in plants' growth and extension and responses to various hormones and biotic or abiotic stimuli. Our predictions may be informative for the functional characterization of the SOT genes in potato and other nutritional crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Faraji
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran; (S.F.); (H.A.)
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Amouei
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran; (S.F.); (H.A.)
| | - Ertugrul Filiz
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Cilimli Vocational School, Duzce University, 81750 Duzce, Turkey;
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Peter Poczai
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, 00065 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao X, Jing Y, Luo Z, Gao S, Teng W, Zhan Y, Qiu L, Zheng H, Li W, Han Y. GmST1, which encodes a sulfotransferase, confers resistance to soybean mosaic virus strains G2 and G3. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2777-2792. [PMID: 33866595 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most widespread and devastating viral diseases worldwide. The genetic architecture of qualitative resistance to SMV in soybean remains unclear. Here, the Rsvg2 locus was identified as underlying soybean resistance to SMV by genome-wide association and linkage analyses. Fine mapping results showed that soybean resistance to SMV strains G2 and G3 was controlled by a single dominant gene, GmST1, on chromosome 13, encoding a sulfotransferase (SOT). A key variation at position 506 in the coding region of GmST1 associated with the structure of the encoded SOT and changed SOT activity levels between RSVG2-S and RSVG2-R alleles. In RSVG2-S allele carrier "Hefeng25", the overexpression of GmST1 carrying the RSVG2-R allele from the SMV-resistant line "Dongnong93-046" conferred resistance to SMV strains G2 and G3. Compared to Hefeng25, the accumulation of SMV was decreased in transgenic plants carrying the RSVG2-R allele. SMV infection differentiated both the accumulation of jasmonates and expression patterns of genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signalling, biosynthesis and catabolism in RSVG2-R and RSVG2-S allele carriers. This characterization of GmST1 suggests a new scenario explaining soybean resistance to SMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Jing
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Sainan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Weili Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Institute of Crop Science, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongkun Zheng
- Bioinformatics Division, Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingpeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Loubser J, Hills P. The Application of a Commercially Available Citrus-Based Extract Mitigates Moderate NaCl-Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9081010. [PMID: 32785013 PMCID: PMC7465524 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the effect of BC204 as a plant biostimulant on Arabidopsis thaliana plants under normal and NaCl-stressed conditions. METHODS For this study, ex vitro and in vitro growth experiments were conducted to assess the effect of both NaCl and BC204 on basic physiological parameters such as biomass, chlorophyll, proline, malondialdehyde, stomatal conductivity, Fv/Fm and the expression of four NaCl-responsive genes. RESULTS This study provides preliminary evidence that BC204 mitigates salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. BC204 treatment increased chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weights, whilst reducing proline, anthocyanin and malondialdehyde content in the presence of 10 dS·m-1 electroconductivity (EC) salt stress. Stomatal conductivity was also reduced by BC204 and NaCl in source leaves. In addition, BC204 had a significant effect on the expression of salinity-related genes, stimulating the expression of salinity-related genes RD29A and SOS1 independently of NaCl-stress. CONCLUSIONS BC204 stimulated plant growth under normal growth conditions by increasing above-ground shoot tissue and root and shoot growth in vitro. BC204 also increased chlorophyll content while reducing stomatal conductivity. BC204 furthermore mitigated moderate to severe salt stress (10-20 dS·m-1) in A. thaliana. Under salt stress conditions, BC204 reduced the levels of proline, anthocyanin and malondialdehyde. The exact mechanism by which this occurs is unknown, but the results in this study suggest that BC204 may act as a priming agent, stimulating the expression of genes such as SOS1 and RD29A.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pokotylo I, Kravets V, Ruelland E. Salicylic Acid Binding Proteins (SABPs): The Hidden Forefront of Salicylic Acid Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4377. [PMID: 31489905 PMCID: PMC6769663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone that plays important roles in many aspects of plant life, notably in plant defenses against pathogens. Key mechanisms of SA signal transduction pathways have now been uncovered. Even though details are still missing, we understand how SA production is regulated and which molecular machinery is implicated in the control of downstream transcriptional responses. The NPR1 pathway has been described to play the main role in SA transduction. However, the mode of SA perception is unclear. NPR1 protein has been shown to bind SA. Nevertheless, NPR1 action requires upstream regulatory events (such as a change in cell redox status). Besides, a number of SA-induced responses are independent from NPR1. This shows that there is more than one way for plants to perceive SA. Indeed, multiple SA-binding proteins of contrasting structures and functions have now been identified. Yet, all of these proteins can be considered as candidate SA receptors and might have a role in multinodal (decentralized) SA input. This phenomenon is unprecedented for other plant hormones and is a point of discussion of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pokotylo
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Volodymyr Kravets
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eric Ruelland
- Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France.
- CNRS, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, UMR 7618, 94010 Créteil, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jendresen CB, Nielsen AT. Production of zosteric acid and other sulfated phenolic biochemicals in microbial cell factories. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4071. [PMID: 31492833 PMCID: PMC6731281 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological production and application of a range of organic compounds is hindered by their limited solubility and toxicity. This work describes a process for functionalization of phenolic compounds that increases solubility and decreases toxicity. We achieve this by screening a wide range of sulfotransferases for their activity towards a range of compounds, including the antioxidant resveratrol. We demonstrate how to engineer cell factories for efficiently creating sulfate esters of phenolic compounds through the use of sulfotransferases and by optimization of sulfate uptake and sulfate nucleotide pathways leading to the 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate precursor (PAPS). As an example we produce the antifouling agent zosteric acid, which is the sulfate ester of p-coumaric acid, reaching a titer of 5 g L−1 in fed-batch fermentation. The described approach enables production of sulfate esters that are expected to provide new properties and functionalities to a wide range of application areas. Toxicity and limited solubility inhibits the biological production of many organic compounds. Here the authors metabolically engineer sulfate uptake and activation in order to produce sulfate esters of phenolic compounds, such as zosteric acid, thereby addressing these issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bille Jendresen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 220, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark. .,Cysbio ApS, Agern Allé 1, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
| | - Alex Toftgaard Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 220, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark. .,Cysbio ApS, Agern Allé 1, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jin L, Ouyang N, Huang Y, Liu C, Ruan Y. Genome-wide analysis of sulfotransferase genes and their responses to abiotic stresses in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221422. [PMID: 31425555 PMCID: PMC6699706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfotransferases (SOTs; EC 2.8.2.-), which are widespread from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, constitute a multi-protein family that plays crucial roles in plant growth, development and stress adaptation. However, this family has not been systemically investigated in Brassica rapa. Here, a genome-wide systemic analysis of SOT genes in B. rapa subsp. pekinensis, a globally cultivated vegetable, were conducted. We identified 56 SOT genes from the whole B. rapa genome using Arabidopsis SOT sequences as queries and classified them into nine groups, rather than the eight groups of previous research. 56 B. rapa SOT genes (BraSOTs) were distributed on all 10 chromosomes except for chromosome 5. Of these, 27 BraSOTs were distributed in seven clusters on five chromosomes (ChrA01, ChrA02, Chr03, ChrA07, and Chr09). Among the BraSOT proteins, 48 had only one SOT_1 domain and 6 had two, while 2 had one SOT_3 domain. Additionally, 47 BraSOT proteins contained only known SOT domains. The remaining nine proteins, five in group-VIII and two in group-IX, contained additional transmembrane domains. Specific motif regions I and IV for 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate binding were found in 41 BraSOT proteins. Introns were present in only 18 BraSOT genes, and all seven BraSOT genes in groups VIII and IX had more than three introns. To identify crucial SOTs mediating the response to abiotic stress in B. rapa, expression changes in 56 BraSOT genes were determined by quantitative RT-PCR after drought, salinity, and ABA treatments, and some BraSOT genes were associated with NaCl, drought and ABA stress, e.g. Bra017370, Bra009300, Bra027880.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology of Education Department in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Ouyang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology of Education Department in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology of Education Department in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Agricultural College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology of Education Department in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Sulfur is present in the amino acids cysteine and methionine and in a large range of essential coenzymes and cofactors and is therefore essential for all organisms. It is also a constituent of sulfate esters in proteins, carbohydrates, and numerous cellular metabolites. The sulfation and desulfation reactions modifying a variety of different substrates are commonly known as sulfation pathways. Although relatively little is known about the function of most sulfated metabolites, the synthesis of activated sulfate used in sulfation pathways is essential in both animal and plant kingdoms. In humans, mutations in the genes encoding the sulfation pathway enzymes underlie a number of developmental aberrations, and in flies and worms, their loss-of-function is fatal. In plants, a lower capacity for synthesizing activated sulfate for sulfation reactions results in dwarfism, and a complete loss of activated sulfate synthesis is also lethal. Here, we review the similarities and differences in sulfation pathways and associated processes in animals and plants, and we point out how they diverge from bacteria and yeast. We highlight the open questions concerning localization, regulation, and importance of sulfation pathways in both kingdoms and the ways in which findings from these "red" and "green" experimental systems may help reciprocally address questions specific to each of the systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Günal
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne 50674, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hardman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne 50674, Germany.
| | - Jonathan Wolf Mueller
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
HSFA2 Functions in the Physiological Adaptation of Undifferentiated Plant Cells to Spaceflight. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020390. [PMID: 30658467 PMCID: PMC6359015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor A2 (HsfA2) is part of the Heat Shock Factor (HSF) network, and plays an essential role beyond heat shock in environmental stress responses and cellular homeostatic control. Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures derived from wild type (WT) ecotype Col-0 and a knockout line deficient in the gene encoding HSFA2 (HSFA2 KO) were grown aboard the International Space Station (ISS) to ascertain whether the HSF network functions in the adaptation to the novel environment of spaceflight. Microarray gene expression data were analyzed using a two-part comparative approach. First, genes differentially expressed between the two environments (spaceflight to ground) were identified within the same genotype, which represented physiological adaptation to spaceflight. Second, gene expression profiles were compared between the two genotypes (HSFA2 KO to WT) within the same environment, which defined genes uniquely required by each genotype on the ground and in spaceflight-adapted states. Results showed that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) define the HSFA2 KO cells' physiological state irrespective of the environment, and likely resulted from a deficiency in the chaperone-mediated protein folding machinery in the mutant. Results further suggested that additional to its universal stress response role, HsfA2 also has specific roles in the physiological adaptation to spaceflight through cell wall remodeling, signal perception and transduction, and starch biosynthesis. Disabling HsfA2 altered the physiological state of the cells, and impacted the mechanisms induced to adapt to spaceflight, and identified HsfA2-dependent genes that are important to the adaption of wild type cells to spaceflight. Collectively these data indicate a non-thermal role for the HSF network in spaceflight adaptation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bjornson M, Balcke GU, Xiao Y, de Souza A, Wang JZ, Zhabinskaya D, Tagkopoulos I, Tissier A, Dehesh K. Integrated omics analyses of retrograde signaling mutant delineate interrelated stress-response strata. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:70-84. [PMID: 28370892 PMCID: PMC5488868 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To maintain homeostasis in the face of intrinsic and extrinsic insults, cells have evolved elaborate quality control networks to resolve damage at multiple levels. Interorganellar communication is a key requirement for this maintenance, however the underlying mechanisms of this communication have remained an enigma. Here we integrate the outcome of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomics analyses of genotypes including ceh1, a mutant with constitutively elevated levels of both the stress-specific plastidial retrograde signaling metabolite methyl-erythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP) and the defense hormone salicylic acid (SA), as well as the high MEcPP but SA deficient genotype ceh1/eds16, along with corresponding controls. Integration of multi-omic analyses enabled us to delineate the function of MEcPP from SA, and expose the compartmentalized role of this retrograde signaling metabolite in induction of distinct but interdependent signaling cascades instrumental in adaptive responses. Specifically, here we identify strata of MEcPP-sensitive stress-response cascades, among which we focus on selected pathways including organelle-specific regulation of jasmonate biosynthesis; simultaneous induction of synthesis and breakdown of SA; and MEcPP-mediated alteration of cellular redox status in particular glutathione redox balance. Collectively, these integrated multi-omic analyses provided a vehicle to gain an in-depth knowledge of genome-metabolism interactions, and to further probe the extent of these interactions and delineate their functional contributions. Through this approach we were able to pinpoint stress-mediated transcriptional and metabolic signatures and identify the downstream processes modulated by the independent or overlapping functions of MEcPP and SA in adaptive responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bjornson
- Dept. of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Dept. of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | | | - Yanmei Xiao
- Dept. of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Amancio de Souza
- Dept. of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jin-Zheng Wang
- Dept. of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Dina Zhabinskaya
- Dept. of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Ilias Tagkopoulos
- Dept. of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Alain Tissier
- Dept. of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Katayoon Dehesh
- Dept. of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Structural and biochemical studies of sulphotransferase 18 from Arabidopsis thaliana explain its substrate specificity and reaction mechanism. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28646214 PMCID: PMC5482895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphotransferases are a diverse group of enzymes catalysing the transfer of a sulfuryl group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS) to a broad range of secondary metabolites. They exist in all kingdoms of life. In Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. twenty-two sulphotransferase (SOT) isoforms were identified. Three of those are involved in glucosinolate (Gl) biosynthesis, glycosylated sulphur-containing aldoximes containing chemically different side chains, whose break-down products are involved in stress response against herbivores, pathogens, and abiotic stress. To explain the differences in substrate specificity of desulpho (ds)-Gl SOTs and to understand the reaction mechanism of plant SOTs, we determined the first high-resolution crystal structure of the plant ds-Gl SOT AtSOT18 in complex with 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP) alone and together with the Gl sinigrin. These new structural insights into the determination of substrate specificity were complemented by mutagenesis studies. The structure of AtSOT18 invigorates the similarity between plant and mammalian sulphotransferases, which illustrates the evolutionary conservation of this multifunctional enzyme family. We identified the essential residues for substrate binding and catalysis and demonstrated that the catalytic mechanism is conserved between human and plant enzymes. Our study indicates that the loop-gating mechanism is likely to be a source of the substrate specificity in plants.
Collapse
|
18
|
Convergence of mitochondrial and chloroplastic ANAC017/PAP-dependent retrograde signalling pathways and suppression of programmed cell death. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:955-960. [PMID: 28498364 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy-converting organelles mitochondria and chloroplasts are tightly embedded in cellular metabolism and stress response. To appropriately control organelle function, extensive regulatory mechanisms are at play that involve two-way exchange between the nucleus and mitochondria/chloroplasts. In recent years, our understanding of how mitochondria and chloroplasts provide 'retrograde' feedback to the nucleus, resulting in targeted transcriptional changes, has greatly increased. Nevertheless, mitochondrial and chloroplast retrograde signalling have largely been studied independently, and only few points of interaction have been found or proposed. Through reassessment of recent publications, this perspective proposes that two of the most well-studied retrograde signalling pathways in plants, those mediated by ANAC017 and those mediated by phosphoadenosine phosphate (PAP), are most likely convergent and can direct overlapping genes. Furthermore, at least part of this common retrograde response appears targeted towards suppression of programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by organellar defects. The identified target genes are discussed in light of their roles in PCD suppression and amplifying the signalling cascade via positive-feedback loops. Finally, a mechanism is proposed that may explain why the convergence of PAP/ANAC017-dependent signalling appears capable of suppressing some types of PCD lesions, but not others, based on the subcellular location of the initial PCD-inducing dysfunction.
Collapse
|
19
|
Li A, Zhou M, Wei D, Chen H, You C, Lin J. Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Negative Regulation of Multiple Plant Hormone Signaling Pathways Elicited by Overexpression of C-Repeat Binding Factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1647. [PMID: 28983312 PMCID: PMC5613223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
C-repeat binding factors (CBF) are a subfamily of AP2 transcription factors that play critical roles in the regulation of plant cold tolerance and growth in low temperature. In the present work, we sought to perform a detailed investigation into global transcriptional regulation of plant hormone signaling associated genes in transgenic plants engineered with CBF genes. RNA samples from Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing two CBF genes, CBF2 and CBF3, were subjected to Illumina HiSeq 2000 RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Our results showed that more than half of the hormone associated genes that were differentially expressed in CBF2 or CBF3 transgenic plants were related to auxin signal transduction and metabolism. Most of these alterations in gene expression could lead to repression of auxin signaling. Accordingly, the IAA content was significantly decreased in young tissues of plants overexpressing CBF2 and CBF3 compared with wild type. In addition, genes associated with the biosynthesis of Jasmonate (JA) and Salicylic acid (SA), as well as the signal sensing of Brassinolide (BR) and SA, were down-regulated, while genes associated with Gibberellin (GA) deactivation were up-regulated. In general, overexpression of CBF2 and CBF3 negatively affects multiple plant hormone signaling pathways in Arabidopsis. The transcriptome analysis using CBF2 and CBF3 transgenic plants provides novel and integrated insights into the interaction between CBFs and plant hormones, particularly the modulation of auxin signaling, which may contribute to the improvement of crop yields under abiotic stress via molecular engineering using CBF genes.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen J, Wang B, Chung JS, Chai H, Liu C, Ruan Y, Shi H. The role of promoter cis-element, mRNA capping, and ROS in the repression and salt-inducible expression of AtSOT12 in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:974. [PMID: 26594223 PMCID: PMC4635225 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inducible gene expression is a gene regulatory mechanism central to plant response to environmental cues. The inducible genes are often repressed under normal growth conditions while their expression levels are significantly elevated by conditions such as abiotic stresses. Induction of gene expression requires both cis-acting DNA elements and trans-acting proteins that are modulated through signal transduction pathways. Here we report several molecular events that affect salt induced expression of the Arabidopsis AtSOT12 gene. Promoter deletion analysis revealed that DNA elements residing in the 5' UTR are required for the salt induced expression of AtSOT12. Cytosine methylation in the promoter was low and salt stress slightly increased the DNA methylation level, suggesting that DNA methylation may not contribute to AtSOT12 gene repression. Co-transcriptional processing of AtSOT12 mRNA including capping and polyadenylation site selection was also affected by salt stress. The percentage of capped mRNA increased by salt treatment, and the polyadenylation sites were significantly different before and after exposure to salt stress. The expression level of AtSOT12 under normal growth conditions was markedly higher in the oxi1 mutant defective of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling than in the wild type. Moreover, AtSOT12 transcript level was elevated by treatments with DPI and DMTU, two chemicals preventing ROS accumulation. These results suggest that repression of AtSOT12 expression may require physiological level of ROS and ROS signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Chen
- Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Bangshing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, LubbockTX, USA
| | - Jung-Sung Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, LubbockTX, USA
| | - Haoxi Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, LubbockTX, USA
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, LubbockTX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cattò C, Dell’Orto S, Villa F, Villa S, Gelain A, Vitali A, Marzano V, Baroni S, Forlani F, Cappitelli F. Unravelling the Structural and Molecular Basis Responsible for the Anti-Biofilm Activity of Zosteric Acid. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131519. [PMID: 26132116 PMCID: PMC4488431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural compound zosteric acid, or p-(sulfoxy)cinnamic acid (ZA), is proposed as an alternative biocide-free agent suitable for preventive or integrative anti-biofilm approaches. Despite its potential, the lack of information concerning the structural and molecular mechanism of action involved in its anti-biofilm activity has limited efforts to generate more potent anti-biofilm strategies. In this study a 43-member library of small molecules based on ZA scaffold diversity was designed and screened against Escherichia coli to understand the structural requirements necessary for biofilm inhibition at sub-lethal concentrations. Considerations concerning the relationship between structure and anti-biofilm activity revealed that i) the para-sulfoxy ester group is not needed to exploit the anti-biofilm activity of the molecule, it is the cinnamic acid scaffold that is responsible for anti-biofilm performance; ii) the anti-biofilm activity of ZA derivatives depends on the presence of a carboxylate anion and, consequently, on its hydrogen-donating ability; iii) the conjugated aromatic system is instrumental to the anti-biofilm activities of ZA and its analogues. Using a protein pull-down approach, combined with mass spectrometry, the herein-defined active structure of ZA was matrix-immobilized, and was proved to interact with the E. coli NADH:quinone reductase, WrbA, suggesting a possible role of this protein in the biofilm formation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cattò
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell’Orto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Villa
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States of America
| | - Stefania Villa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Arianna Gelain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Vitali
- Institute of Chemistry of Molecular Recognition-UOS Rome, CNR, Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Marzano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Baroni
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Forlani
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappitelli
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hirschmann F, Krause F, Papenbrock J. The multi-protein family of sulfotransferases in plants: composition, occurrence, substrate specificity, and functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:556. [PMID: 25360143 PMCID: PMC4199319 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
All members of the sulfotransferase (SOT, EC 2.8.2.-) protein family transfer a sulfuryl group from the donor 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to an appropriate hydroxyl group of several classes of substrates. The primary structure of these enzymes is characterized by a histidine residue in the active site, defined PAPS binding sites and a longer SOT domain. Proteins with this SOT domain occur in all organisms from all three domains, usually as a multi-protein family. Arabidopsis thaliana SOTs, the best characterized SOT multi-protein family, contains 21 members. The substrates for several plant enzymes have already been identified, such as glucosinolates, brassinosteroids, jasmonates, flavonoids, and salicylic acid. Much information has been gathered on desulfo-glucosinolate (dsGl) SOTs in A. thaliana. The three cytosolic dsGl SOTs show slightly different expression patterns. The recombinant proteins reveal differences in their affinity to indolic and aliphatic dsGls. Also the respective recombinant dsGl SOTs from different A. thaliana ecotypes differ in their kinetic properties. However, determinants of substrate specificity and the exact reaction mechanism still need to be clarified. Probably, the three-dimensional structures of more plant proteins need to be solved to analyze the mode of action and the responsible amino acids for substrate binding. In addition to A. thaliana, more plant species from several families need to be investigated to fully elucidate the diversity of sulfated molecules and the way of biosynthesis catalyzed by SOT enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jutta Papenbrock
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang Q, Liu Y, He J, Zheng X, Hu J, Liu Y, Dai H, Zhang Y, Wang B, Wu W, Gao H, Zhang Y, Tao X, Deng H, Yuan D, Jiang L, Zhang X, Guo X, Cheng X, Wu C, Wang H, Yuan L, Wan J. STV11 encodes a sulphotransferase and confers durable resistance to rice stripe virus. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4768. [PMID: 25203424 PMCID: PMC4164775 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice stripe virus (RSV) causes one of the most serious viral diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.), but the molecular basis of RSV resistance has remained elusive. Here we show that the resistant allele of rice STV11 (STV11-R) encodes a sulfotransferase (OsSOT1) catalysing the conversion of salicylic acid (SA) into sulphonated SA (SSA), whereas the gene product encoded by the susceptible allele STV11-S loses this activity. Sequence analyses suggest that the STV11-R and STV11-S alleles were predifferentiated in different geographic populations of wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, and remained prevalent in cultivated indica and japonica rice varieties, respectively. Introgression of the STV11-R allele into susceptible cultivars or heterologous transfer of STV11-R into tobacco plants confers effective resistance against RSV. Our results shed new insights into plant viral defense mechanisms and suggest effective means of breeding RSV-resistant crops using molecular marker-assisted selection or genetic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jun He
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huimin Dai
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Baoxiang Wang
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Gao
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huafeng Deng
- National Hybrid Rice R&D Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- National Hybrid Rice R&D Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xianian Cheng
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chuanyin Wu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Longping Yuan
- National Hybrid Rice R&D Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- National key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Radhakrishnan R, Khan AL, Lee IJ. Endophytic fungal pre-treatments of seeds alleviates salinity stress effects in soybean plants. J Microbiol 2013; 51:850-7. [PMID: 24385364 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-013-3168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, four endophytic fungi (GM-1, GM-2, GM-3, and GM-4) were tested for their ability to improve soybean plant growth under salinity stress conditions. The seed germination and plant growth were higher in seeds pretreated with endophytic fungal cultures than their controls. The positive influence of fungi on plant growth was supported by gibberellins analysis of culture filtrate (CF), which showed wide diversity and various concentrations of GAs. Specifically, GA4, GA7, GA8, GA9, GA12, and GA20 were found in fungal CFs. Under salinity stress conditions, GM-1 significantly enhanced the length and fresh weight of soybean plants relative to other fungal treatments. GM-1 effectively mitigated the adverse effects of salinity by limiting lipid peroxidation and accumulating protein content. GM-2, GM-3, and GM-4 also counteracted the salinity induced oxidative stress in soybean plants through reduction of lipid peroxidation and enhancement of protein content, maintaining the length and fresh weight of shoots. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were inhibited in salinity exposed plants, while GM-1 significantly enhanced these antioxidant enzyme activities in plants under salt stress. GM-1 treatment also showed lower levels of abscisic acid and elevated levels of salicylic acid in plants under salinity stress. Hence, GM-1 was identified as Fusarium verticillioides (teleomorph Gibberella moniliformis) isolate RK01 based on its DNA sequence homology. These results suggest that endophytic fungal (F. verticillioides) pre-treatment of soybean seeds would be an effective method to promote soybean plant growth under salinity stress conditions.
Collapse
|
25
|
The arabidopsis RNA binding protein with K homology motifs, SHINY1, interacts with the C-terminal domain phosphatase-like 1 (CPL1) to repress stress-inducible gene expression. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003625. [PMID: 23874224 PMCID: PMC3708844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphorylation state of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the RNA polymerase II plays crucial roles in transcription and mRNA processing. Previous studies showed that the plant CTD phosphatase-like 1 (CPL1) dephosphorylates Ser-5-specific CTD and regulates abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis. Here, we report the identification of a K-homology domain-containing protein named SHINY1 (SHI1) that interacts with CPL1 to modulate gene expression. The shi1 mutant was isolated from a forward genetic screening for mutants showing elevated expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by a salt-inducible promoter. The shi1 mutant is more sensitive to cold treatment during vegetative growth and insensitive to abscisic acid in seed germination, resembling the phenotypes of shi4 that is allelic to the cpl1 mutant. Both SHI1 and SHI4/CPL1 are nuclear-localized proteins. SHI1 interacts with SHI4/CPL1 in vitro and in vivo. Loss-of-function mutations in shi1 and shi4 resulted in similar changes in the expression of some stress-inducible genes. Moreover, both shi1 and shi4 mutants display higher mRNA capping efficiency and altered polyadenylation site selection for some of the stress-inducible genes, when compared with wild type. We propose that the SHI1-SHI4/CPL1 complex inhibits transcription by preventing mRNA capping and transition from transcription initiation to elongation. Plants, including important economic crops, frequently grow under unfavorable conditions that largely reduce their production potential. Plants respond to these stress conditions by adjusting physiological status resulting from changes in gene expression. Many genes that are repressed at normal growth conditions are activated in response to stresses. The presented work here attempted to answer the question as to how stress inducible genes are repressed at normal growth conditions. We established a genetic system to identify genes that are essential for such repression and found a protein complex that plays crucial roles in regulating stress inducible gene expression. Our work also revealed important molecular processes that are modulated by the identified protein complex. These findings will help our understanding about gene expression and regulation in general and the molecular mechanisms governing plant stress response in particular.
Collapse
|
26
|
Towards the identification of new genes involved in ABA-dependent abiotic stresses using Arabidopsis suppressor mutants of abh1 hypersensitivity to ABA during seed germination. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:13403-32. [PMID: 23807502 PMCID: PMC3742194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140713403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid plays a pivotal role in the abiotic stress response in plants. Although great progress has been achieved explaining the complexity of the stress and ABA signaling cascade, there are still many questions to answer. Mutants are a valuable tool in the identification of new genes or new alleles of already known genes and in elucidating their role in signaling pathways. We applied a suppressor mutation approach in order to find new components of ABA and abiotic stress signaling in Arabidopsis. Using the abh1 (ABA hypersensitive 1) insertional mutant as a parental line for EMS mutagenesis, we selected several mutants with suppressed hypersensitivity to ABA during seed germination. Here, we present the response to ABA and a wide range of abiotic stresses during the seed germination and young seedling development of two suppressor mutants—soa2 (suppressor of abh1 hypersensitivity to ABA 2) and soa3 (suppressor of abh1 hypersensitivity to ABA 3). Generally, both mutants displayed a suppression of the hypersensitivity of abh1 to ABA, NaCl and mannitol during germination. Both mutants showed a higher level of tolerance than Columbia-0 (Col-0—the parental line of abh1) in high concentrations of glucose. Additionally, soa2 exhibited better root growth than Col-0 in the presence of high ABA concentrations. soa2 and soa3 were drought tolerant and both had about 50% fewer stomata per mm2 than the wild-type but the same number as their parental line—abh1. Taking into account that suppressor mutants had the same genetic background as their parental line—abh1, it was necessary to backcross abh1 with Landsberg erecta four times for the map-based cloning approach. Mapping populations, derived from the cross of abh1 in the Landsberg erecta background with each suppressor mutant, were created. Map based cloning in order to identify the suppressor genes is in progress.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hamisch D, Randewig D, Schliesky S, Bräutigam A, Weber APM, Geffers R, Herschbach C, Rennenberg H, Mendel RR, Hänsch R. Impact of SO(2) on Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome in wildtype and sulfite oxidase knockout plants analyzed by RNA deep sequencing. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 196:1074-1085. [PMID: 23025405 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO(2) ) as an air pollutant, and its derivative sulfite, cause abiotic stress that can lead to cell death. It is currently unknown to what extent plant fumigation triggers specific transcriptional responses. To address this question, and to test the hypothesis that sulfite oxidase (SO) is acting in SO(2) detoxification, we compared Arabidopsis wildtype (WT) and SO knockout lines (SO-KO) facing the impact of 600 nl l(-1) SO(2) , using RNAseq to quantify absolute transcript abundances. These transcriptome data were correlated to sulfur metabolism-related enzyme activities and metabolites obtained from identical samples in a previous study. SO-KO plants exhibited remarkable and broad regulative responses at the mRNA level, especially in transcripts related to sulfur metabolism enzymes, but also in those related to stress response and senescence. Focusing on SO regulation, no alterations were detectable in the WT, whereas in SO-KO plants we found up-regulation of two splice variants of the SO gene, although this gene is not functional in this line. Our data provide evidence for the highly specific coregulation between SO and sulfur-related enzymes like APS reductase, and suggest two novel candidates for involvement in SO(2) detoxification: an apoplastic peroxidase, and defensins as putative cysteine mass storages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Hamisch
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstraße 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dörte Randewig
- Institut für Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Professur für Baumphysiologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schliesky
- Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herschbach
- Institut für Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Professur für Baumphysiologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Institut für Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Professur für Baumphysiologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany
- King Saud University, PO Box 2454, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ralf R Mendel
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstraße 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstraße 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|