2
|
Papanatsiou M, Petersen J, Henderson L, Wang Y, Christie JM, Blatt MR. Optogenetic manipulation of stomatal kinetics improves carbon assimilation, water use, and growth. Science 2019; 363:1456-1459. [PMID: 30923223 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stomata serve dual and often conflicting roles, facilitating carbon dioxide influx into the plant leaf for photosynthesis and restricting water efflux via transpiration. Strategies for reducing transpiration without incurring a cost for photosynthesis must circumvent this inherent coupling of carbon dioxide and water vapor diffusion. We expressed the synthetic, light-gated K+ channel BLINK1 in guard cells surrounding stomatal pores in Arabidopsis to enhance the solute fluxes that drive stomatal aperture. BLINK1 introduced a K+ conductance and accelerated both stomatal opening under light exposure and closing after irradiation. Integrated over the growth period, BLINK1 drove a 2.2-fold increase in biomass in fluctuating light without cost in water use by the plant. Thus, we demonstrate the potential of enhancing stomatal kinetics to improve water use efficiency without penalty in carbon fixation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Papanatsiou
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Plant Science Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - J Petersen
- Plant Science Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - L Henderson
- Plant Science Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Y Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J M Christie
- Plant Science Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - M R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. .,Plant Science Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grefen C, Karnik R, Larson E, Lefoulon C, Wang Y, Waghmare S, Zhang B, Hills A, Blatt MR. A vesicle-trafficking protein commandeers Kv channel voltage sensors for voltage-dependent secretion. NATURE PLANTS 2015; 1:15108. [PMID: 27250541 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Growth in plants depends on ion transport for osmotic solute uptake and secretory membrane trafficking to deliver material for wall remodelling and cell expansion. The coordination of these processes lies at the heart of the question, unresolved for more than a century, of how plants regulate cell volume and turgor. Here we report that the SNARE protein SYP121 (SYR1/PEN1), which mediates vesicle fusion at the Arabidopsis plasma membrane, binds the voltage sensor domains (VSDs) of K(+) channels to confer a voltage dependence on secretory traffic in parallel with K(+) uptake. VSD binding enhances secretion in vivo subject to voltage, and mutations affecting VSD conformation alter binding and secretion in parallel with channel gating, net K(+) concentration, osmotic content and growth. These results demonstrate a new and unexpected mechanism for secretory control, in which a subset of plant SNAREs commandeer K(+) channel VSDs to coordinate membrane trafficking with K(+) uptake for growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Grefen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Rucha Karnik
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Emily Larson
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Cécile Lefoulon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sakharam Waghmare
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ben Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Adrian Hills
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lefoulon C, Karnik R, Honsbein A, Gutla PV, Grefen C, Riedelsberger J, Poblete T, Dreyer I, Gonzalez W, Blatt MR. Voltage-sensor transitions of the inward-rectifying K+ channel KAT1 indicate a latching mechanism biased by hydration within the voltage sensor. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 166:960-75. [PMID: 25185120 PMCID: PMC4213121 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.244319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Kv-like (potassium voltage-dependent) K(+) channels at the plasma membrane, including the inward-rectifying KAT1 K(+) channel of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), are important targets for manipulating K(+) homeostasis in plants. Gating modification, especially, has been identified as a promising means by which to engineer plants with improved characteristics in mineral and water use. Understanding plant K(+) channel gating poses several challenges, despite many similarities to that of mammalian Kv and Shaker channel models. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to explore residues that are thought to form two electrostatic countercharge centers on either side of a conserved phenylalanine (Phe) residue within the S2 and S3 α-helices of the voltage sensor domain (VSD) of Kv channels. Consistent with molecular dynamic simulations of KAT1, we show that the voltage dependence of the channel gate is highly sensitive to manipulations affecting these residues. Mutations of the central Phe residue favored the closed KAT1 channel, whereas mutations affecting the countercharge centers favored the open channel. Modeling of the macroscopic current kinetics also highlighted a substantial difference between the two sets of mutations. We interpret these findings in the context of the effects on hydration of amino acid residues within the VSD and with an inherent bias of the VSD, when hydrated around a central Phe residue, to the closed state of the channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Lefoulon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Rucha Karnik
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Annegret Honsbein
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Paul Vijay Gutla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Christopher Grefen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Janin Riedelsberger
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Tomás Poblete
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Wendy Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom (C.L., R.K., A.H., P.V.G., C.G., M.R.B.);Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile (J.R., T.P., W.G.);University of Potsdam, Biochemistry and Biology Group BPMBP, D14476 Golm, Germany (J.R., I.D., W.G.); andCentre for Biotechnology and Plant Genomics UPM, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alacon, Madrid, Spain (I.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen ZH, Eisenach C, Xu XQ, Hills A, Blatt MR. Protocol: optimised electrophyiological analysis of intact guard cells from Arabidopsis. PLANT METHODS 2012; 8:15. [PMID: 22559714 PMCID: PMC3475070 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-8-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Genetic resources available for Arabidopsis thaliana make this species particularly attractive as a model for molecular genetic studies of guard cell homeostasis, transport and signalling, but this facility is not matched by accessible tools for quantitative analysis of transport in the intact cell. We have developed a reliable set of procedures for voltage clamp analysis of guard cells from Arabidopsis leaves. These procedures greatly simplify electrophysiological recordings, extending the duration of measurements and scope for analysis of the predominant K+ and anion channels of intact stomatal guard cells to that achieved previously in work with Vicia and tobacco guard cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hua Chen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Cornelia Eisenach
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Xin-Qin Xu
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Adrian Hills
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|