1
|
Palmieri A, Cai T, Di Luise L, D'Alterio C, La Cava G, Cirigliano L, Di Giovanni A, Gallelli L, Capece M. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in association with bromelain and escin for the management of patients affected by chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Biomed Rep 2022; 18:7. [PMID: 36544851 PMCID: PMC9756277 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been purposed for the management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) with encouraging results. Phytotherapeutic compounds have been used in everyday clinical practice for patients with CP/CPSS due to their anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of ESWT in association with the use of bromelain and escin extracts in patients with CP/CPSS. For this purpose, 95 patients with a clinical diagnosis of CP/CPSS were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to either the ESWT plus bromelain and escin group (group A; n=48) or the ESWT only group (group B; n=47). A total of five weekly ESWT treatment sessions were administered alone or in combination with bromelain and escin. Each session consisted of 3,000 focused shock waves. Doses of 160 and 500 mg/day bromelain and escin were administered respectively for 5 weeks. The changes in urinary symptoms, pain and quality of life were considered the main outcome measures and were assessed at baseline, and at 4, 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up. Urinary symptoms, pain and quality of life were evaluated using the international prostatic symptoms score (IPSS), visual analog scale (VAS) and the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). After 4 weeks, the mean VAS score, mean IPSS and mean satisfaction rate score had significantly improved in patients receiving ESWT plus bromelain and escin. After 12 weeks, the mean IPSS and mean satisfaction rate score were stable in the ESWT plus bromelain and escin group, while the mean VAS score was significantly lower when compared with the baseline values in both groups. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that in patients affected by CP/CPPS, treatment with ESWT plus bromelain and escin leads to pain resolution, and both treatments improve the IPSS, VAS and NIH-CPSI results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, I-38123 Trento, Italy,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0010 Oslo, Norway,Correspondence to: Professor Tommaso Cai, Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luise
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo D'Alterio
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Cirigliano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Di Giovanni
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy,Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy,Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology-Urology Unit, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80100 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bromelain Protects Critically Perfused Musculocutaneous Flap Tissue from Necrosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061449. [PMID: 35740469 PMCID: PMC9220030 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromelain has previously been shown to prevent ischemia-induced necrosis in different types of tissues. In the present study, we, therefore, evaluated for the first time, the tissue-protective effects of bromelain in musculocutaneous flaps in mice. Adult C57BL/6N mice were randomly assigned to a bromelain treatment group and a control group. The animals were treated daily with intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg bromelain or saline (control), starting 1 h before the flap elevation throughout a 10-day observation period. The random-pattern musculocutaneous flaps were raised on the backs of the animals and mounted into a dorsal skinfold chamber. Angiogenesis, nutritive blood perfusion and flap necrosis were quantitatively analyzed by means of repeated intravital fluorescence microscopy over 10 days after surgery. After the last microscopy, the flaps were harvested for additional histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Bromelain reduced necrosis of the critically perfused flap tissue by ~25%. The bromelain-treated flaps also exhibited a significantly higher functional microvessel density and an elevated formation of newly developed microvessels in the transition zone between the vital and necrotic tissues when compared to the controls. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated a markedly lower invasion of the myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophilic granulocytes and a significantly reduced number of cleaved caspase 3-positive apoptotic cells in the transition zone of bromelain-treated musculocutaneous flaps. These findings indicate that bromelain prevents flap necrosis by maintaining nutritive tissue perfusion and by suppressing ischemia-induced inflammation and apoptosis. Hence, bromelain may represent a promising compound to prevent ischemia-induced flap necrosis in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
3
|
Multimodal Care for Headaches, Lumbopelvic Pain, and Dysmenorrhea in a Woman With Endometriosis: A Case Report. J Chiropr Med 2022; 20:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
4
|
Hirobe S, Susai R, Takeuchi H, Eguchi R, Ito S, Quan YS, Kamiyama F, Okada N. Characteristics of immune induction by transcutaneous vaccination using dissolving microneedle patches in mice. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120563. [PMID: 33811967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is an appealing vaccination method. Compared with conventional injectable immunization, TCI is easier and less painful. We previously developed a dissolving microneedle (MN) patch and demonstrated that TCI using MN patches demonstrates high vaccination efficacy without adverse events in humans. In this study, we investigated the immune induction mechanism of TCI using our MN patch, focusing on inflammatory responses in the skin and on the dynamics, activation, and differentiation of various immunocompetent cells in draining lymph nodes (dLNs). We demonstrate that inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α increased in the skin at an early stage after MN patch application, inducing the infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils and promoting the activation and migration of skin-resident antigen-presenting cells (Langerhans and Langerin- dermal dendritic cells) to dLNs. Moreover, the activated antigen-presenting cells reaching the dLNs enhanced the differentiation of T (Teff, Tem, and Tcm) and B (plasma and memory) cells. This may contribute to the efficient antigen-specific antibody production induced by TCI using MN patches. We believe that our findings reveal a part of the immune induction mechanism by TCI and provide useful information for the development and improvement of TCI formulations based on the immune induction mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Hirobe
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Osaka University Hospital, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ryo Susai
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Honoka Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Eguchi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sayami Ito
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ying-Shu Quan
- CosMED Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 32 Higashikujokawanishi-cho, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8014, Japan
| | - Fumio Kamiyama
- CosMED Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 32 Higashikujokawanishi-cho, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8014, Japan
| | - Naoki Okada
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine and Immune Regulation (BIKEN), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanchez-Schmitz G, Morrocchi E, Cooney M, Soni D, Khatun R, Palma P, Dowling DJ, Levy O. Neonatal monocytes demonstrate impaired homeostatic extravasation into a microphysiological human vascular model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17836. [PMID: 33082466 PMCID: PMC7576166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections are most frequent at the extremes of life, especially among newborns, reflecting age-specific differences in immunity. Monocytes maintain tissue-homeostasis and defence-readiness by escaping circulation in the absence of inflammation to become tissue-resident antigen presenting cells in vivo. Despite equivalent circulating levels, neonates demonstrate lower presence of monocytes inside peripheral tissues as compared to adults. To study the ability of monocytes to undergo autonomous transendothelial extravasation under biologically accurate circumstances we engineered a three-dimensional human vascular-interstitial model including collagen, fibronectin, primary endothelial cells and autologous untreated plasma. This microphysiological tissue construct enabled age-specific autonomous extravasation of monocytes through a confluent human endothelium in the absence of exogenous chemokines and activation. Both CD16- and CD16+ newborn monocytes demonstrated lower adherence and extravasation as compared to adults. In contrast, pre-activated tissue constructs were colonized by newborn monocytes at the same frequency than adult monocytes, suggesting that neonatal monocytes are capable of colonizing inflamed tissues. The presence of autologous plasma neither improved newborn homeostatic extravasation nor shaped age-specific differences in endothelial cytokines that could account for this impairment. Newborn monocytes demonstrated significantly lower surface expression of CD31 and CD11b, and mechanistic experiments using blocking antibodies confirmed a functional role for CD31 and CD54 in neonatal homeostatic extravasation. Our data suggests that newborn monocytes are intrinsically impaired in extravasation through quiescent endothelia, a phenomenon that could contribute to the divergent immune responsiveness to vaccines and susceptibility to infection observed during early life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Elena Morrocchi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Academic Department of Paediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Congenital and Perinatal Infections, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Mitchell Cooney
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dheeraj Soni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rahima Khatun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Palma
- Academic Department of Paediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Congenital and Perinatal Infections, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
- Chair of Paediatrics, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - David J Dowling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rathnavelu V, Alitheen NB, Sohila S, Kanagesan S, Ramesh R. Potential role of bromelain in clinical and therapeutic applications. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:283-288. [PMID: 27602208 PMCID: PMC4998156 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pineapple has been used as part of traditional folk medicine since ancient times and it continues to be present in various herbal preparations. Bromelain is a complex mixture of protease extracted from the fruit or stem of the pineapple plant. Although the complete molecular mechanism of action of bromelain has not been completely identified, bromelain gained universal acceptability as a phytotherapeutic agent due to its history of safe use and lack of side effects. Bromelain is widely administered for its well-recognized properties, such as its anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic affects, anticancer activity and immunomodulatory effects, in addition to being a wound healing and circulatory improvement agent. The current review describes the promising clinical applications and therapeutic properties of bromelain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Rathnavelu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600116, India
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Subramaniam Sohila
- Department of Physics, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu 637215, India
| | - Samikannu Kanagesan
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rajendran Ramesh
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu 636011, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu M, Xu W, Su H, Huang Q, Wang B. Addition of CpG ODN and Poly (I:C) to a standard maturation cocktail generates monocyte-derived dendritic cells and induces a potent Th1 polarization with migratory capacity. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1596-605. [PMID: 26039883 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1046659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) are used as immunoadjuvant cells in cancer vaccines and have made great progress. However, an optimal DCs subset is vital for this treatment effect, the current 'gold standard' cytokine cocktail DCs have a shortcoming in their cytokines secretion, especially IL-12p70, mainly because of the existence of PGE2. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate DCs-based immunotherapeutic protocol. In this study, we compared a novel 'improved' maturation cytokine cocktail with the current 'gold standard' maturation cytokine cocktail used for generating standard DCs. The 'improved' maturation cytokine cocktail DCs showed a higher levels surface markers expression (CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR), the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 and chemokine CCL19, CCL21 and CXCL21, whereas CCR5 expression was reduced. Most importantly, in contrast to 'gold standard' DCs, which secrete little IL-12p70 and as a result induce mainly Th2 immunity, 'improved' cytokine cocktail DCs secreted higher levels IL-12p70 and also secreted similar concentration IL-10. To removal of PGE2 from the 'improved' DCs did increase the IL-12p70 production. In conclusion, we here present the 'improved' DCs, as an optimal maturation cocktail protocol, can induce high migratory potential, generate immunostimulatory DCs, produce higher levels IL-12p70 with superior capacity to induce Th1 immunity, when compared with the 'gold standard' DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhu
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine ; Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University ; Hefei , Anhui , China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Song KH, Jung SY, Kang SM, Kim MH, Ahn J, Hwang SG, Lee JH, Lim DS, Nam SY, Song JY. Induction of immunogenic cell death by radiation-upregulated karyopherin alpha 2 in vitro. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:219-27. [PMID: 27107455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests the potential for radiation therapy to generate antitumor immune responses against tumor cells by inducing immunogenic cell death and phenotypic changes. We recently found that ionizing radiation upregulated karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in HT-29 colorectal tumor cells using quantitative proteomic analysis. To determine whether this increased KPNA2 could function as a damage-associated molecular pattern to induce antitumor immune responses, mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were treated with KPNA2. KPNA2 enhanced the surface expression of CD40, CD54, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I/II on BMDCs. DCs treated with KPNA2 exhibited increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α. Co-culture of CD4(+) T cells and KPNA2-treated DCs resulted in induction of Th1/17 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-17) and reduction of TGF-β production. Moreover, KPNA2-treated DCs were capable of increasing granzyme B and perforin expression in cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These results demonstrated that radiation-induced dying colorectal cancer cells released considerable amounts of KPNA2 that induce the maturation and activation of DCs for synergistic antitumor effect of radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Song
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Youn Jung
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Mook Kang
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyoung Kim
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ahn
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seon Young Nam
- Low-Dose Radiation Research Team, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul 01450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Modulation of dendritic cell function by the radiation-mediated secretory protein γ-synuclein. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15011. [PMID: 27551446 PMCID: PMC4979407 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, γ-synuclein (SNCG), which is also known as breast cancer-specific gene-1, has been demonstrated to be an adverse and aggressive marker in breast cancer. In our previous study, SNCG was significantly upregulated in irradiated human breast cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiation-induced, tumor-derived SNCG can influence dendritic cell (DC) function in immune systems. The phenotypical and functional changes of DCs in the presence or absence of SNCG were investigated by FACS analysis, ELISA, and real-time PCR. The ability of SNCG-treated DCs to influence T cells was also examined by coculturing with T cells. The treatment of DCs with SNCG protein inhibited the surface expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86, and decreased the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The SNCG-treated DCs inhibited T-cell proliferation slightly, but distinctively increased the population of regulatory T cells. In addition, the production of TGF-β from T cells was significantly increased when they were cocultured with SNCG-treated DCs. Taken together, these results demonstrate that tumor-derived SNCG contributes to immunosuppressive effects via the inhibition of DC differentiation and activation, thus making it a potential target for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee HJ, Choi CH. Anti-inflammatory effects of bamboo salt and sodium fluoride in human gingival fibroblasts--An in vitro study. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2015; 31:303-8. [PMID: 26043409 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries preventive agents, such as sodium fluoride (NaF) and bamboo salt (BS), are known to cause cellular growth that is characterized by morphological and gene expression changes. This study was designed to investigate the dual effect of NaF and BS on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced gingival inflammation. Under in vitro experimental conditions, exposure to a subcytotoxic dose of IL-1β enhanced human gingival fibroblast inflammation, as characterized by increased levels of inflammation-associated proteins. A combination of NaF and BS significantly protected fibroblasts from IL-1β-induced cellular deterioration. Exposure to NaF and BS induced the cell growth and no changes in viability were found with the Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay (LDH) assay at the NaF and BS concentration analyzed. Molecular analysis demonstrated that NaF and BS increased resistance to inflammation by reduction of IL-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In addition, NaF and BS decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α mRNA in IL-1β-induced human gingival fibroblast cells. The study identifies a new role for NaF and BS in the IL-1β-induced inflammation of gingival fibroblasts and provides a potential target for gingival protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Howon University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Ho Choi
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sprater F, Azeem W, Appel S. Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Leads to Upregulation of ESE-3 Expression in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells. Scand J Immunol 2013; 79:20-6. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Sprater
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory; Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - W. Azeem
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory; Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - S. Appel
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory; Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bernardo D, Mann ER, Al-Hassi HO, English NR, Man R, Lee GH, Ronde E, Landy J, Peake STC, Hart AL, Knight SC. Lost therapeutic potential of monocyte-derived dendritic cells through lost tissue homing: stable restoration of gut specificity with retinoic acid. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 174:109-19. [PMID: 23607934 PMCID: PMC3784218 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) (MoDC) are utilized for immunotherapy. However, in-vitro immunological effects are often not mirrored in vivo. We studied the tissue-homing potential of MoDC. Circulating monocytes and DC expressed different tissue-homing markers and, during in-vitro development of MoDC, homing marker expression was lost resulting in a 'homeless' phenotype. Retinoic acid (RA) induced gut-homing markers (β7 and CCR9) and a regulatory phenotype and function [decreased human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR) and increased ILT3 and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-dextran uptake) in MoDC]. RA-MoDC were less stimulatory and primed conditioned T cells with a gut-homing profile (β7(+)CLA(-)). Unlike the normal intestinal microenvironment, that from inflamed colon of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients did not induce regulatory properties in MoDC. However, RA-MoDC maintained their regulatory gut-specific properties even in the presence of UC microenvironment. Therefore, MoDC may be ineffectual for immunotherapy because they lack tissue-homing and tissue-imprinting specificity. However, MoDC rehabilitation with gut-homing potential by RA could be useful in promoting immunotherapy in pathologies such as UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St Mark's Campus, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao X, Song JL, Kil JH, Park KY. Bamboo salt attenuates CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nutr Res Pract 2013; 7:273-80. [PMID: 23964314 PMCID: PMC3746161 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.4.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo salt, a Korean folk medicine, is prepared with solar salt (sea salt) and baked several times at high temperatures in a bamboo case. In this study, we compared the preventive effects of bamboo salt and purified and solar salts on hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with purified and solar salts, bamboo salts prevented hepatic damage in rats, as evidenced by significantly reduced serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05). Bamboo salt (baked 9×) triggered the greatest reduction in these enzyme levels. In addition, it also reduced the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Histopathological sections of liver tissue demonstrated the protective effect of bamboo salt, whereas sections from animals treated with the other salt groups showed a greater degree of necrosis. We also performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses of the inflammation-related genes iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat liver tissues. Bamboo salt induced a significant decrease (~80%) in mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β, compared with the other salts. Thus, we found that baked bamboo salt preparations could prevent CCl4-induced hepatic damage in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjun-dong, Geumjung-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea. ; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sandvik LF, Volchenkov R, Jonsson R, Appel S. Characterization of monocyte-derived dendritic cells from immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients with and without squamous cell carcinomas. Scand J Immunol 2013; 78:291-7. [PMID: 23790073 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Renal transplant recipients (RTR) have a high risk of tumour development, especially cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy. RTR may develop multiple lesions over short time periods, and these are often more aggressive with a higher risk of local recurrence and metastasis resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, we took the first step towards evaluating the possibility of generating a therapeutic vaccine based on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) for these patients. We analysed the phenotype and cytokine/chemokine profile of moDC from long-term immunosuppressed RTR with and without previous SCC. The number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated per ml blood as well as the efficiency of generating moDC from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was similar in patients and immunocompetent controls. Phenotype and cytokine/chemokine profile of the moDC from immunosuppressed patients were similar to those from immunocompetent controls, making moDC-based immunotherapy a potential future treatment option for RTR with multiple SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F Sandvik
- Department of Dermatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Volchenkov R, Karlsen M, Jonsson R, Appel S. Type 1 regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells induced by tolerogenic dendritic cells. Scand J Immunol 2013; 77:246-54. [PMID: 23442246 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that are capable of both activating immune responses and inducing tolerance. Several studies have revealed efficiency of therapeutic vaccination with tolerogenic DC (tolDC) in inhibition of experimental autoimmunity. The purpose of this study was to compare four different protocols for generation of tolDC - the antidiabetic drug troglitazone (TGZ DC), NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 (BAY DC), prostaglandin D2 metabolite 15d-PGJ2 (PGJ DC) and a combination of dexamethasone and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (DexVD3 DC) regarding phenotype, cytokine production and T cell stimulatory capacity. TGZ DC and BAY DC had a phenotype comparable to immature DC, while DexVD3 DC were more macrophage like. Analysis of cytokine production using cell culture supernatants from all DC populations revealed that DexVD3 DC were efficient producers of IL-10 and produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines. T cells primed with DexVD3 DC showed reduced proliferation, and further analyses of these T cells revealed that functionally effective type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1) but not FoxP3(+) Treg were induced. Furthermore, DexVD3 DC promoted the induction of regulatory B cells (Breg). Together, these results indicate that DexVD3 DC have the best potential to be used in a tolerogenic antigen-presenting cell-based immunotherapy setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Volchenkov
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao X. Hawk tea (Litsea coreana Levl. var. lanuginose) attenuates CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. Exp Ther Med 2012; 5:555-560. [PMID: 23403509 PMCID: PMC3570157 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hawk tea (Litsea coreana Levl. var. lanuginose) is a traditional Chinese drink similar to green tea. In the present study, the preventive effects of Hawk tea on hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Silymarin was used as a positive control. Hawk tea was successfully shown to prevent hepatic damage in the rats. Serum levels of AST, ALT and LDH were significantly decreased when the rats were treated with varying concentrations of Hawk tea compared with silymarin (P<0.05). The lowest enzyme activities were exhibited in the 400 mg/kg Hawk tea group. This group showed reduced levels of the serum proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α. In particular, the IFN-γ level decreased markedly compared with the other concentration groups. The histopathology sections of liver tissue in the 400 mg/kg Hawk tea group recovered well from the CCl4 damage, but the sections of the other concentration groups showed necrosis to a more serious degree. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses of the inflammation-related genes iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β in the rat livers were tested. The 400 mg/kg Hawk tea group showed significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β compared with the control group. Accordingly, 400 mg/kg Hawk tea potentially contributes to the prevention of CCl4-induced hepatic damage in vivo. A 200 or 100 mg/kg dose of Hawk tea also demonstrated preventive effects against hepatic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mahajan S, Chandra V, Dave S, Nanduri R, Gupta P. Stem Bromelain–Induced Macrophage Apoptosis and Activation Curtail Mycobacterium tuberculosis Persistence. J Infect Dis 2012; 206:366-76. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
|
18
|
Im SA, Kim KH, Ji HG, Yu HG, Park SK, Lee CK. Nanoliposomes of L-lysine-conjugated poly(aspartic acid) Increase the Generation and Function of Bone Marrow-derived Dendritic Cells. Immune Netw 2011; 11:281-7. [PMID: 22194711 PMCID: PMC3243002 DOI: 10.4110/in.2011.11.5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biodegradable polymers have increasingly been recognized for various biological applications in recent years. Here we examined the immunostimulatory activities of the novel poly(aspartic acid) conjugated with L-lysine (PLA). Methods PLA was synthesized by conjugating L-lysine to aspartic acid polymer. PLA-nanoliposomes (PLA-NLs) were prepared from PLA using a microfluidizer. The immunostimulatory activities of PLA-NLs were examined in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). Results PLA-NLs increased the number of BM-DCs when added to cultures of GM-CSF-induced DC generation on day 4 after the initiation of cultures. Examination of the phenotypic properties showed that BM-DCs generated in the presence of PLA-NLs are more mature in terms of the expression of MHC class II molecules and major co-stimulatory molecules than BM-DCs generated in the absence of PLA-NLs. In addition, the BM-DCs exhibited enhanced capability to produce cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-1β. Allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions also confirmed that the BMDCs were more stimulatory on allogeneic T cells. PLA- NL also induced further growth of immature BM-DCs that were harvested on day 8. Conclusion These results show that PLA-NLs induce the generation and functional activities of BM-DCs, and suggest that PLA-NLs could be immunostimulating agents that target DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-A Im
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|