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Zhang L, Wang X, Chen XW. The biogenesis and transport of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00196-6. [PMID: 39164120 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) play essential roles in human health and disease by transporting bulk lipids into the circulation. This review summarizes the fundamental mechanisms and diverse factors governing lipoprotein production, secretion, and regulation. Emphasizing the broader implications for human health, we outline the intricate landscape of lipoprotein research and highlight the potential coordination between the biogenesis and transport of TRLs in physiology, particularly the unexpected coupling of metabolic enzymes and transport machineries. Challenges and opportunities in lipoprotein biology with respect to inherited diseases and viral infections are also discussed. Further characterization of the biogenesis and transport of TRLs will advance both basic research in lipid biology and translational medicine for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Peking University (PKU)-Tsinghua University (THU) Joint Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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2
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Identification of novel mutations by targeted NGS in Moroccan families clinically diagnosed with a neuromuscular disorder. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 524:51-58. [PMID: 34852264 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The identification of underlying genes of genetic conditions has expanded greatly in the past decades, which has broadened the field of genes responsible for inherited neuromuscular diseases. We aimed to investigate mutations associated with neuromuscular disorders phenotypes in 2 Moroccan families. MATERIAL AND METHODS Next-generation sequencing combined with Sanger sequencing could assist with understanding the hereditary variety and underlying disease mechanisms in these disorders. RESULTS Two novel homozygous mutations were described in this study. The SIL1 mutation is the first identified in the Moroccan population, the mutation was identified as the main cause of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome in one patient. While the second mutation identified in the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene (FA2H) was associated with the Spastic paraplegia 35 in another patient, both transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These conditions are extremely rare in the North African population and may be underdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical characteristics and heterogeneity of these diseases. We have reported in this study mutations associated with the diseases found in the patients. In addition, we have narrowed the phenotypic spectrum, as well as the diagnostic orientation of patients with neuromuscular disorders, who might have very similar symptoms to other disease groups.
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3
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Chiesa R, Sallese M. Review: Protein misfolding diseases – the rare case of Marinesco‐Sjögren syndrome. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:323-343. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chiesa
- Department of Neuroscience Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS MilanItaly
| | - M. Sallese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti Italy
- CeSI‐MeT Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti Italy
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4
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Chen L, Chen XW, Huang X, Song BL, Wang Y, Wang Y. Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in health and disease. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1420-1458. [PMID: 31686320 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucose and fatty acids are the major sources of energy for human body. Cholesterol, the most abundant sterol in mammals, is a key component of cell membranes although it does not generate ATP. The metabolisms of glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol are often intertwined and regulated. For example, glucose can be converted to fatty acids and cholesterol through de novo lipid biosynthesis pathways. Excessive lipids are secreted in lipoproteins or stored in lipid droplets. The metabolites of glucose and lipids are dynamically transported intercellularly and intracellularly, and then converted to other molecules in specific compartments. The disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism result in severe diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and fatty liver. This review summarizes the major metabolic aspects of glucose and lipid, and their regulations in the context of physiology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bao-Liang Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Yiguo Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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5
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Coupling of COPII vesicle trafficking to nutrient availability by the IRE1α-XBP1s axis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11776-11785. [PMID: 31123148 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1814480116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic coat protein complex-II (COPII) is evolutionarily conserved machinery that is essential for efficient trafficking of protein and lipid cargos. How the COPII machinery is regulated to meet the metabolic demand in response to alterations of the nutritional state remains largely unexplored, however. Here, we show that dynamic changes of COPII vesicle trafficking parallel the activation of transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s), a critical transcription factor in handling cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in both live cells and mouse livers upon physiological fluctuations of nutrient availability. Using live-cell imaging approaches, we demonstrate that XBP1s is sufficient to promote COPII-dependent trafficking, mediating the nutrient stimulatory effects. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-sequencing analyses reveal that nutritional signals induce dynamic XBP1s occupancy of promoters of COPII traffic-related genes, thereby driving the COPII-mediated trafficking process. Liver-specific disruption of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)-XBP1s signaling branch results in diminished COPII vesicle trafficking. Reactivation of XBP1s in mice lacking hepatic IRE1α restores COPII-mediated lipoprotein secretion and reverses the fatty liver and hypolipidemia phenotypes. Thus, our results demonstrate a previously unappreciated mechanism in the metabolic control of liver protein and lipid trafficking: The IRE1α-XBP1s axis functions as a nutrient-sensing regulatory nexus that integrates nutritional states and the COPII vesicle trafficking.
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6
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Zhang L, Wang HH. The essential functions of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones in hepatic lipid metabolism. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:709-16. [PMID: 27133206 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle for protein and lipid synthesis in hepatocytes. ER homeostasis is vital to maintain normal hepatocyte physiology. Perturbed ER functions causes ER stress associated with accumulation of unfolded protein in the ER that activates a series of adaptive signalling pathways, termed unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR regulates ER chaperone levels to preserve ER protein-folding environment to protect the cell from ER stress. Recent findings reveal an array of ER chaperones that alter the protein-folding environment in the ER of hepatocytes and contribute to dysregulation of hepatocyte lipid metabolism and liver disease. In this review, we will discuss the specific functions of these chaperones in regulation of lipid metabolism, especially de novo lipogenesis and lipid transport and demonstrate their homeostatic role not only for ER-protein synthesis but also for lipid metabolism in hepatocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiChun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Hong-Hui Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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7
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Cerami C, Tarantino P, Cupidi C, Annesi G, Lo Re V, Gagliardi M, Piccoli T, Quattrone A. Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome caused by a new SIL1 frameshift mutation. J Neurol Sci 2015; 354:112-3. [PMID: 25982182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cerami
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Tarantino
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Section of Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Section of Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Lo Re
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Gagliardi
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Section of Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy; Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Aurgi Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piccoli
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Section of Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy; Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Aurgi Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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8
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Krieger M, Roos A, Stendel C, Claeys KG, Sonmez FM, Baudis M, Bauer P, Bornemann A, de Goede C, Dufke A, Finkel RS, Goebel HH, Häussler M, Kingston H, Kirschner J, Medne L, Muschke P, Rivier F, Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Spengler S, Inzana F, Stanzial F, Benedicenti F, Synofzik M, Lia Taratuto A, Pirra L, Tay SKH, Topaloglu H, Uyanik G, Wand D, Williams D, Zerres K, Weis J, Senderek J. SIL1 mutations and clinical spectrum in patients with Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 136:3634-44. [PMID: 24176978 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder featuring cerebellar ataxia, early-onset cataracts, chronic myopathy, variable intellectual disability and delayed motor development. More recently, mutations in the SIL1 gene, which encodes an endoplasmic reticulum resident co-chaperone, were identified as the main cause of Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome. Here we describe the results of SIL1 mutation analysis in 62 patients presenting with early-onset ataxia, cataracts and myopathy or combinations of at least two of these. We obtained a mutation detection rate of 60% (15/25) among patients with the characteristic Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome triad (ataxia, cataracts, myopathy) whereas the detection rate in the group of patients with more variable phenotypic presentation was below 3% (1/37). We report 16 unrelated families with a total of 19 different SIL1 mutations. Among these mutations are 15 previously unreported changes, including single- and multi-exon deletions. Based on data from our screening cohort and data compiled from the literature we found that SIL1 mutations are invariably associated with the combination of a cerebellar syndrome and chronic myopathy. Cataracts were observed in all patients beyond the age of 7 years, but might be missing in infants. Six patients with SIL1 mutations had no intellectual disability, extending the known wide range of cognitive capabilities in Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome to include normal intelligence. Modestly constant features were somatic growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities and pyramidal tract signs. Examination of mutant SIL1 expression in cultured patient lymphoblasts suggested that SIL1 mutations result in severely reduced SIL1 protein levels irrespective of the type and position of mutations. Our data broaden the SIL1 mutation spectrum and confirm that SIL1 is the major Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome gene. SIL1 patients usually present with the characteristic triad but cataracts might be missing in young children. As cognitive impairment is not obligatory, patients without intellectual disability but a Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome-compatible phenotype should receive SIL1 mutation analysis. Despite allelic heterogeneity and many families with private mutations, the phenotype related to SIL1 mutations is relatively homogenous. Based on SIL1 expression studies we speculate that this may arise from a uniform effect of different mutations on protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Krieger
- 1 Institute of Human Genetics, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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9
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Chen XW, Wang H, Bajaj K, Zhang P, Meng ZX, Ma D, Bai Y, Liu HH, Adams E, Baines A, Yu G, Sartor MA, Zhang B, Yi Z, Lin J, Young SG, Schekman R, Ginsburg D. SEC24A deficiency lowers plasma cholesterol through reduced PCSK9 secretion. eLife 2013; 2:e00444. [PMID: 23580231 PMCID: PMC3622177 DOI: 10.7554/elife.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells packages cargo proteins into COPII-coated vesicles for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. We now report that complete genetic deficiency for the COPII component SEC24A is compatible with normal survival and development in the mouse, despite the fundamental role of SEC24 in COPII vesicle formation and cargo recruitment. However, these animals exhibit markedly reduced plasma cholesterol, with mutations in Apoe and Ldlr epistatic to Sec24a, suggesting a receptor-mediated lipoprotein clearance mechanism. Consistent with these data, hepatic LDLR levels are up-regulated in SEC24A-deficient cells as a consequence of specific dependence of PCSK9, a negative regulator of LDLR, on SEC24A for efficient exit from the ER. Our findings also identify partial overlap in cargo selectivity between SEC24A and SEC24B, suggesting a previously unappreciated heterogeneity in the recruitment of secretory proteins to the COPII vesicles that extends to soluble as well as trans-membrane cargoes. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00444.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Chen
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - He Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Kanika Bajaj
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Danjun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Yongsheng Bai
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Hui-Hui Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Elizabeth Adams
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Andrea Baines
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Genggeng Yu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Maureen A Sartor
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Jiandie Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Stephen G Young
- Department of Medicine and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Randy Schekman
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - David Ginsburg
- Division of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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10
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Horvers M, Anttonen AK, Lehesjoki AE, Morava E, Wortmann S, Vermeer S, van de Warrenburg BP, Willemsen MA. Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome due to SIL1 mutations with a comment on the clinical phenotype. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2013; 17:199-203. [PMID: 23062754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome is an autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia, characterised by cerebellar ataxia, myopathy, cataracts and intellectual disability, due to mutations in the SIL1 gene. METHODS The clinical features and two novel SIL1 mutations of four Dutch patients with Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome are described and compared to the literature on genetically proven Marinesco-Sjögren patients. RESULTS The core phenotype of this syndrome appears homogeneous, but: [1] cataract can develop later than the motor and cognitive signs; [2] myopathy is an early feature that seems progressive during the course of the disease; [3] serum creatine kinase is normal or only mildly elevated; [4] peripheral neuropathy is absent; and [5] a variable degree of intellectual disability is present in most Marinesco-Sjögren patients. CONCLUSIONS Because the late appearance of some hallmarks and the uncertainty as to whether incomplete phenotypes occur, SIL1 mutation analysis is helpful early in the diagnostic work-up of children with suspected inherited ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Horvers
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, PO Box 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Terracciano A, Renaldo F, Zanni G, D'Amico A, Pastore A, Barresi S, Valente EM, Piemonte F, Tozzi G, Carrozzo R, Valeriani M, Boldrini R, Mercuri E, Santorelli FM, Bertini E. The use of muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of undefined ataxia with cerebellar atrophy in children. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2012; 16:248-56. [PMID: 21873089 PMCID: PMC3341568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Childhood cerebellar ataxias, and particularly congenital ataxias, are heterogeneous disorders and several remain undefined. We performed a muscle biopsy in patients with congenital ataxia and children with later onset undefined ataxia having neuroimaging evidence of cerebellar atrophy. Significant reduced levels of Coenzyme Q10 (COQ10) were found in the skeletal muscle of 9 out of 34 patients that were consecutively screened. A mutation in the ADCK3/Coq8 gene (R347X) was identified in a female patient with ataxia, seizures and markedly reduced COQ10 levels. In a 2.5-years-old male patient with non syndromic congenital ataxia and autophagic vacuoles in the muscle biopsy we identified a homozygous nonsense mutation R111X mutation in SIL1 gene, leading to early diagnosis of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome. We think that muscle biopsy is a valuable procedure to improve diagnostic assesement in children with congenital ataxia or other undefined forms of later onset childhood ataxia associated to cerebellar atrophy at MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Terracciano
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Lab of Molecular Medicine, Dept of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Childrens Hospital, Rome, Italy
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12
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Ouguerram K, Zaïr Y, Kasbi-Chadli F, Nazih H, Bligny D, Schmitz J, Aparicio T, Chétiveaux M, Magot T, Aggerbeck LP, Samson-Bouma ME, Krempf M. Low rate of production of apolipoproteins B100 and AI in 2 patients with Anderson disease (chylomicron retention disease). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1520-5. [PMID: 22441101 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.245076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anderson disease is a rare inherited lipid malabsorption syndrome associated with hypocholesterolemia and linked to SAR1B mutations. The aim of this article was to analyze the mechanisms responsible for the low plasma apolipoprotein Apo-B100 and Apo-AI in 2 patients with Anderson disease. METHODS AND RESULTS A primed constant infusion of (13)C-leucine was administered for 14 hours to determine the kinetics of lipoproteins. In the 2 patients, total cholesterol (77 and 85 mg/dL versus 155±32 mg/dL), triglycerides (36 and 59 versus 82±24 mg/dL), Apo-B100 (48 and 43 versus 71±5 mg/dL), and Apo-AI (47 and 62 versus 130±7 mg/dL) were lower compared with 6 healthy individuals. Very-low-density lipoprotein-B100 production rate of the patients was lower (4.08 and 5.52 mg/kg/day versus 12.96±2.88 mg/kg/day) as was the fractional catabolic rate (5.04 and 4.32 day(-1) versus 12.24±3.84 day(-1)). No difference was observed in intermediate-density lipoprotein-B100 and LDL-B100 kinetic data. The production rate of high-density lipoprotein Apo-AI was lower in the patients (7.92 and 8.64 versus 11.96±1.92 mg/kg/day) and the fractional catabolic rate was higher (0.38 and 0.29 versus 0.22±0.01 day(-1)). CONCLUSIONS The low plasma Apo-B100 and Apo-AI concentrations in the patients with Anderson disease were mainly related to low rates of production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Ouguerram
- INSERM UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291 and CRNH Nantes, IRT-UN, Nantes, France
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13
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Georges A, Bonneau J, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Champigneulle J, Rabès JP, Abifadel M, Aparicio T, Guenedet JC, Bruckert E, Boileau C, Morali A, Varret M, Aggerbeck LP, Samson-Bouma ME. Molecular analysis and intestinal expression of SAR1 genes and proteins in Anderson's disease (Chylomicron retention disease). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011; 6:1. [PMID: 21235735 PMCID: PMC3029219 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anderson's disease (AD) or chylomicron retention disease (CMRD) is a very rare hereditary lipid malabsorption syndrome. In order to discover novel mutations in the SAR1B gene and to evaluate the expression, as compared to healthy subjects, of the Sar1 gene and protein paralogues in the intestine, we investigated three previously undescribed individuals with the disease. METHODS The SAR1B, SAR1A and PCSK9 genes were sequenced. The expression of the SAR1B and SAR1A genes in intestinal biopsies of both normal individuals and patients was measured by RTqPCR. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies to recombinant Sar1 protein was used to evaluate the expression and localization of the Sar1 paralogues in the duodenal biopsies. RESULTS Two patients had a novel SAR1B mutation (p.Asp48ThrfsX17). The third patient, who had a previously described SAR1B mutation (p.Leu28ArgfsX7), also had a p.Leu21dup variant of the PCSK9 gene. The expression of the SAR1B gene in duodenal biopsies from an AD/CMRD patient was significantly decreased whereas the expression of the SAR1A gene was significantly increased, as compared to healthy individuals. The Sar1 proteins were present in decreased amounts in enterocytes in duodenal biopsies from the patients as compared to those from healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS Although the proteins encoded by the SAR1A and SAR1B genes are 90% identical, the increased expression of the SAR1A gene in AD/CMRD does not appear to compensate for the lack of the SAR1B protein. The PCSK9 variant, although reported to be associated with low levels of cholesterol, does not appear to exert any additional effect in this patient. The results provide further insight into the tissue-specific nature of AD/CMRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Georges
- Service de Médecine Infantile 3 et Génétique Clinique, INSERM U954, Hôpital d'Enfants Brabois, CHU Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, 54511, France
| | - Jessica Bonneau
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot
- UF de Biochimie des Maladies Métaboliques, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière (AP-HP), and Département de Biologie Expérimentale, Métabolique et Clinique, EA 4466, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Jacqueline Champigneulle
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital de Brabois, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, 93000, France
| | - Jean P Rabès
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
- Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU A Paré, AP-HP et Faculté de Médecine (PIFO-UVSQ), Boulogne, 92104, France
| | - Marianne Abifadel
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Thomas Aparicio
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Avicenne, 125 rue de Stalingrad, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, 93000, France
| | - Jean C Guenedet
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital de Brabois, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, 93000, France
- Service de Microscopie Electronique, Hôpital de Brabois, CHU Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, 54511, France
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Service d'Endocrinologie-Métabolisme, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, (AP-HP), Paris, 75013, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
- Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU A Paré, AP-HP et Faculté de Médecine (PIFO-UVSQ), Boulogne, 92104, France
| | - Alain Morali
- Service de Médecine Infantile 3 et Génétique Clinique, INSERM U954, Hôpital d'Enfants Brabois, CHU Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, 54511, France
| | - Mathilde Varret
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
| | | | - Marie E Samson-Bouma
- INSERM U781, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
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Routledge KE, Gupta V, Balch WE. Emergent properties of proteostasis-COPII coupled systems in human health and disease. Mol Membr Biol 2010; 27:385-97. [DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2010.524894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Novel mutations in the SIL1 gene in a Japanese pedigree with the Marinesco–Sjögren syndrome. J Hum Genet 2010; 55:142-6. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2009.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Eriguchi M, Mizuta H, Kurohara K, Fujitake J, Kuroda Y. Identification of a new homozygous frameshift insertion mutation in the SIL1 gene in 3 Japanese patients with Marinesco–Sjögren syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2008; 270:197-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 02/05/2008] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Anttonen AK, Siintola E, Tranebjaerg L, Iwata NK, Bijlsma EK, Meguro H, Ichikawa Y, Goto J, Kopra O, Lehesjoki AE. Novel SIL1 mutations and exclusion of functional candidate genes in Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2008; 16:961-9. [PMID: 18285827 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2008.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome (MSS) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia, cataracts, mental retardation, and progressive myopathy. Recently, mutations in the SIL1 gene, which encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident cochaperone, were identified as a major cause of MSS. We here report four novel mutations in SIL1, including the first missense substitution p.Leu457Pro described in MSS. In addition, we excluded three functional candidate genes, HSPA5, HYOU1, and AARS, as causative genes in SIL1 mutation-negative patients. To understand the mechanisms of disturbed SIL1 function, we studied the subcellular localization of the missense mutant Leu457Pro protein in COS-1 cells. Moreover, we studied a mutant protein lacking the putative C-terminal ER retrieval signal. In contrast to the wild-type protein's localization to ER and Golgi apparatus, both mutant proteins formed aggregates within the ER depending on the expression level. These data imply that aggregation of mutant proteins may contribute to MSS pathogenesis. The genetic background of a subgroup of patients with MSS remains uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Kaisa Anttonen
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Neuroscience Center, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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