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Asmaa C, Rachida R, Asma D, Louiza K, Souad C, Leila B, Ali B, Messaoud S, Dalila K, Fethi M, Nawel S, Malika A, Bachira M, Nabila A, Chafia TB, Habiba AAB. TNF-α -308A/G SNP association with kidney allograft rejection in Algerian population: A retrospective case-control study. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101927. [PMID: 37683737 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
No consensus has been reached regarding the association beween the -308A/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the tumor necrosis factor-α gene (TNFA) and kidney allograft rejection (KAR). Our retrospective case-control study aimed to assess the association of the SNP with KAR in Algerian patients who underwent kidney transplantation. The study enrolled 313 Algerian patients: 58 kidney-transplant recipients without rejection events (PWoR); 58 kidney-transplant recipients with at least one rejection event, with or without graft loss (PWR); and 197 healthy individuals (HI). The TNFA -308A/G SNP was genotyped using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that, the frequencies of TNFA -308A allele and AA genotype were higher in the PWR than in the HI groups (p = 0.001, OR = 2.26, CI = 1.33-3.77 and p = 0.0004, OR = 5.53, CI-1.89-16.6, respectively). Furthermore, the frequencies were higher among the PWR than among the PWoR groups (p = 0.001, OR = 3.29, CI = 1.56-7.21 and p = 0.0006, OR = 28.26, CI = 1.62-493.2, respectively), particularly among PWR patients with de novo anti-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) antibodies (PG-a-HLA-Ab). However, the frequency of TNFA -308G allele was lower in the PWR group than in the PWoR group (p = 0.001, OR = 0.3, CI = 0.1-0.64) and the HI group (p = 0.001, OR = 0.44, CI = 0.27-0.44). Our results suggest an association of the TNFA -308A/G alleles with KAR in Algerian patients who underwent kidney transplantation. Carriers of TNFA -308A allele who have PG-a-HLA-Ab might have a higher risk, whereas TNFA -308G allele carriers could have a lower risk of KAR. Thus, therapeutic strategies can be adapted to minimize KAR risk in patients who have a genetic proclivity for increased pro-inflammatory TNF-α activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chebine Asmaa
- Cytokine and NO Synthase Team, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technologies Houari Boumedienne (LBCM-FSB-USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Raache Rachida
- Cytokine and NO Synthase Team, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technologies Houari Boumedienne (LBCM-FSB-USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Djendi Asma
- Transplantation and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Kaci Louiza
- Histological Analysis Laboratory, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chelghoum Souad
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Nafissa Hamoud Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Belkacemi Leila
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Nafissa Hamoud Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Benziane Ali
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Mohamed Amine Debbaghine Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Saidani Messaoud
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Asaad Hassani Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Khemri Dalila
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Meҫabih Fethi
- Transplantation and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Salhi Nawel
- Transplantation and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Akachouche Malika
- Transplantation and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mechti Bachira
- Transplantation and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Attal Nabila
- Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Touil-Boukoffa Chafia
- Cytokine and NO Synthase Team, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technologies Houari Boumedienne (LBCM-FSB-USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
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Analysis of 75 Candidate SNPs Associated With Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Validation of rs2910164 in MicroRNA MIR146A. Transplantation 2020; 103:1591-1602. [PMID: 30801535 PMCID: PMC6913779 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying kidney allograft recipients who are predisposed to acute rejection (AR) could allow for optimization of clinical treatment to avoid rejection and prolong graft survival. It has been hypothesized that a part of this predisposition is caused by the inheritance of specific genetic variants. There are many publications reporting a statistically significant association between a genetic variant, usually in the form of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and AR. However, there are additional publications reporting a lack of this association when a different cohort of recipients is analyzed for the same single-nucleotide polymorphism. METHODS In this report, we attempted to validate 75 common genetic variants, which have been previously reported to be associated with AR, using a large kidney allograft recipient cohort of 2390 European Americans and 482 African Americans. RESULTS Of those variants tested, only 1 variant, rs2910164, which alters the expression of the microRNA MIR146A, was found to exhibit a significant association within the African American cohort. Suggestive variants were found in the genes CTLA and TLR4. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that most variants previously reported to be associated with AR were not validated in our cohort. This shows the importance of validation when reporting the associations with complex clinical outcomes such as AR. Additional work will need to be done to understand the role of MIR146A in the risk of AR in kidney allograft recipients.
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Li HY, Zhou T, Lin S, Lin W. Relationship between TGF-β1 + 869 T/C and + 915 G/C gene polymorphism and risk of acute rejection in renal transplantation recipients. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:113. [PMID: 31238890 PMCID: PMC6593503 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) + 869 T/C gene polymorphism, + 915 G/C gene polymorphism, and the susceptibility of acute rejection in the recipients with renal transplantation. METHODS Relevant studies were searched and identified from the Cochrane Library and PubMed, and eligible investigations were recruited and data were calculated by meta-analysis. RESULTS In this study, we found no relationship between either TGF-β1 + 869 T/C or TGF-β1 + 915 G/C gene polymorphism and acute rejection susceptibility in patients with renal transplantation. No association between either gene polymorphism and acute rejection susceptibility in patients with renal transplantation in Caucasian, Asian, or African populations individually was found. CONCLUSION The TGF-β1 + 869 T/C and + 915 G/C gene polymorphisms are not associated with acute rejection susceptibility in recipients with renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University, 510800, No 22 Baohua Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianbiao Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Shujun Lin
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Wenshan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
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A porcine model to study the effect of brain death on kidney genomic responses. J Clin Transl Sci 2018; 2:208-216. [PMID: 30800478 PMCID: PMC6374499 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2018.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A majority of transplanted organs come from donors after brain death (BD). Renal grafts from these donors have higher delayed graft function and lower long-term survival rates compared to living donors. We designed a novel porcine BD model to better delineate the incompletely understood inflammatory response to BD, hypothesizing that adhesion molecule pathways would be upregulated in BD. Methods Animals were anesthetized and instrumented with monitors and a balloon catheter, then randomized to control and BD groups. BD was induced by inflating the balloon catheter and animals were maintained for 6 hours. RNA was extracted from kidneys, and gene expression pattern was determined. Results In total, 902 gene pairs were differently expressed between groups. Eleven selected pathways were upregulated after BD, including cell adhesion molecules. Conclusions These results should be confirmed in human organ donors. Treatment strategies should target involved pathways and lessen the negative effects of BD on transplantable organs.
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Abstract
This review is focused on present and future biomarkers, along with pharmacogenomics used in clinical practice for kidney transplantation. It aims to highlight biomarkers that could potentially be used to improve kidney transplant early and long-term graft survival, but also potentially patient co-morbidity. Future directions for improving outcomes are discussed, which include immune tolerance and personalising immunosuppression regimens.
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Dorr CR, Oetting WS, Jacobson PA, Israni AK. Genetics of acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Transpl Int 2017; 31:263-277. [PMID: 29030886 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of acute rejection (AR) following kidney transplantation has improved in recent years, but there are still limitations to successful outcomes. This review article covers literature in regard to recipient and donor genetics of AR kidney and secondarily of liver allografts. Many candidate gene and some genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been conducted for AR in kidney transplantation. Genetic associations with AR in kidney and liver are mostly weak, and in most cases, the associations have not been reproducible. A limitation in the study of AR is the lack of sufficiently large populations that account for population stratification to study the AR phenotype which in this era occurs in <10% of transplants. Furthermore, the AR phenotype has been difficult to define and the definitions of classifications have evolved over time. Literature related to the pharmacogenomics of tacrolimus is robust and has been validated in many studies. Associations between gene expression and AR are emerging as markers of outcomes and AR classification. In the future, combinations of pretransplant genotype for AR risk prediction, genotype-based immune suppressant dosing, and pharmacogenomic markers to select AR maintenance or treatment and expression markers from biopsies may provide valuable clinical tools for guiding treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey R Dorr
- Department of Nephrology, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William S Oetting
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Pamala A Jacobson
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ajay K Israni
- Department of Nephrology, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Liu K, Liu X, Gu S, Sun Q, Wang Y, Meng J, Xu Z. Association between TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms and chronic allograft dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62463-62469. [PMID: 28977960 PMCID: PMC5617520 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have investigated the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) following kidney transplantation. TGFB1 gene polymorphisms (SNP rs1800470 and rs1800471) may be associated with the risk of CAD. In this meta-analysis, the relationship between these two variations and the risk of CAD was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, the Chinese CNKI and WANFANG databases were searched. Data were extracted and pooled results were estimated from odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidential intervals (95% CIs). Quality assessments were performed, and publication bias of all eligible studies examined. RESULTS Eight studies with 1038 subjects were included in our analysis. According to the effects on TGF-β1 secretion, haplotypes were categorized as "HIGH", "INTERMEDIATE" and "LOW". The combined results showed a statistically significant difference of TGFB1 haplotypes between the CAD recipients and control subjects when "HIGH" with "INTERMEDIATE" and "LOW" ("HIGH" vs. "INTERMEDIATE" + "LOW": OR: 3.56, 95% CIs: 2.20, 5.78, P < 0.001) were compared. No significant association was found between the TGFB1 codon 10 or codon 25 and the CAD risk in all five genetic models. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis has found the haplotype of TGFB1 codon 10/25 T/T G/G and T/C G/G genotypes, associated with increased production of TGF-β1, was linked with CAD risk following kidney transplantation. Moreover, no significant difference was found between TGFB1 codon 10 or codon 25 and the development of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Xuzhong Liu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Shuo Gu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Junsong Meng
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
| | - Zongyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300 China
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Park MS, Kim SK, Park HJ, Seok H, Kang SW, Lee SH, Kim YG, Moon JY, Kim TH, Kim YH, Kang SW, Chung JH, Jeong KH. Association Studies of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene Polymorphisms With Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplantation Recipients. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:1012-1017. [PMID: 28583517 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) belong to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of proteins. This study was performed to evaluate the association of BMP gene polymorphisms with acute renal allograft rejection (AR) and graft dysfunction (GD) in Koreans. METHODS Three hundred thirty-one patients who had kidney transplantation procedures were recruited. Transplantation outcomes were determined in terms of AR and GD criteria. We selected six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs1979855 (5' near gene), rs1049007 (Ser87Ser), rs235767 (intron), rs1005464 (intron), rs235768 (Arg190Ser), and rs3178250 (3; untranslated region). RESULTS Among the six SNPs tested, the rs235767, rs1005464, and rs3178250 SNPs were significantly associated with AR (P < .05). The rs1049007 and rs235768 SNPs also showed an association with GD (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results suggest that the BMP2 gene polymorphism may be related to the development of AR and GD in kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-S Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Park
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Seok
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - K H Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee HJ, Kim TH, Kang SW, Kim YH, Kim SK, Chung JH, Kim YG, Moon JY, Lee SH, Ihm CG, Lee TW, Jeong KH. Association Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-4 Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Acute Rejection and Graft Dysfunction After Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:813-9. [PMID: 27234743 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine genotypes have previously been studied in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation; certain polymorphisms have been implicated in the development of acute rejection (AR) and graft dysfunction (GD). Allograft outcomes determined, in part, by alloimmune responses is mainly mediated by T-cell responses, activated and driven by cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is one such cytokine, which exerts its biological effects through binding to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) complex on target cells. In the present study, we investigated whether polymorphisms of the IL-4 and/or IL-4R gene were associated with susceptibility to acute AR and GD after kidney transplantation. METHODS We analyzed 2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of IL-4 (rs2243250 and rs2070874) and 3 SNPs of IL-4R (rs1801275, rs2107356, and rs1805010) in 344 kidney transplant recipients. These patients included 62 of whom had developed AR and 215 of whom had GD in 1 year after kidney transplantation. RESULTS The AR group included 62 patients (45 men and 17 women). There was a statistically significant difference in the male-to-female ratio and the use of tacrolimus in the AR group. The GD group included 215 patients. Patients who developed GD were more likely to be older and have an underlying cause of end-stage renal disease that was unknown compared with patients who did not have GD, the cause of which was typically known. Among the SNPs examined, 1 of the SNPs in the IL-4R gene (ie, rs1801275) showed a statistical association with AR (co-dominant model, P = .061; dominant model, P = .019; and log-addictive model, P = .029). In addition, 1 of the IL-4R SNPs (ie, rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD (dominant model, P = .034). No significant difference in the IL-4 genotype was observed between the AR/GD and non-AR/non-GD subjects. CONCLUSIONS One IL-4R gene polymorphism (rs1801275) was associated with AR. In addition, a separate IL-4R SNP (rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C G Ihm
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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The Polymorphism -308G/A of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene Modulates the Effect of Immunosuppressive Treatment in First Kidney Transplant Subjects Who Suffer an Acute Rejection. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:2197595. [PMID: 27777962 PMCID: PMC5061951 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2197595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The -308G/A SNP of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene affects TNF-α production. As its impact on transplant outcome remains open to debate, we decided to genotype it in a cohort of transplant subjects. A retrospective analysis of 439 first kidney recipients randomly divided into two subgroups (discovery and validation cohorts) was performed to identify the best predictors of acute rejection (AR). The effect on transplant outcome was analyzed by an adjusted logistic regression model. Carriers of the A allele, associated with elevated TNF-α production, presented a higher risk of AR (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.40-5.51). Logistic regression analyses for AR showed an interaction between the polymorphism and treatment with thymoglobulin (p-interaction = 0.03). In recipients who did not receive thymoglobulin, carriers of A allele had higher risk of AR (OR = 4.05; 95% CI = 1.76-9.28). Moreover, carriers of A allele not treated with thymoglobulin presented higher risk of AR than those who received thymoglobulin (OR = 13.74; 95% CI = 1.59-118.7). The AUC of the model in the discovery cohort was 0.70 and in the validation cohort was 0.69. Our findings indicate that the -308G/A TNF-α polymorphism is associated with AR risk and it modulates the effectiveness of thymoglobulin treatment. This pharmacogenetic effect lets us propose this SNP as a useful predictor biomarker to tailor immunosuppressive regimens.
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Stojanova J, Pouché L, Picard N. Genetic polymorphisms in the immune response: A focus on kidney transplantation. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:363-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Seyhun Y, Ciftci HS, Kekik C, Karadeniz MS, Tefik T, Nane I, Turkmen A, Oguz FS, Aydin F. Genetic association of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-β, tumour necrosis factor-α and blood concentrations of calcineurin inhibitors in Turkish renal transplant patients. Int J Immunogenet 2015; 42:147-60. [PMID: 25817300 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are essential for the control of the immune response as most of the immunosuppressive drugs target cytokine production or their action. The calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus are immunosuppressive drugs widely used after renal transplantation to prevent allograft rejection. They are characterized by large interindividual variability in their pharmacokinetics; therefore, monitoring their blood concentrations is important to predict their optimal dosage following transplantation. Calcineurin inhibitors inhibit the phosphatase activity of calcineurin, thereby suppressing the production of other cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF-β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2, and IL-4. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of cytokines and blood concentrations of CNIs in renal transplant patients. The study included 53 CsA-treated renal transplant patients and 37 tacrolimus-treated renal transplant patients. Cytokine polymorphisms were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence-specific primers with the cytokine CTS-PCR-sequence-specific primers Tray Kit; University of Heidelberg. Blood concentrations of CNIs were determined with Cloned Enzyme Donor Immunoassay (CEDIA) method. Patients with TC genotype of TGF-β at codon 10 had lower CsA blood concentrations than the TT and CC genotypes (P = 0.005) at 1 month in CsA treatment group. The ratio of blood concentration/dose of CsA for patients with TGF-β1-codon 10 TC genotype was lower than for patients with TT, CC genotypes, and the dose given to these patients was higher in the first month (P = 0.046). The ratio of blood concentration/dose of CsA for patients with IL-2-330 GG genotype was higher than for patients with GT, TT genotypes, and the dose given to these patients was lower at first month and sixth months (P = 0.043, P = 0.035 respectively). The tacrolimus blood concentrations were significantly higher in patients with the genotype GG of IL-2-330 (P = 0.012) at the third month. Patients who had the TC genotype TGF-β codon 10 had lower CsA blood concentrations and this group had higher acute rejection (P = 0.033). These results suggest that the genotyping for TGF-β-codon 10, IL-2-330 and IL-6-174 polymorphisms may help individualized immunosuppressive dosage regiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Seyhun
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H S Ciftci
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Kekik
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M S Karadeniz
- Department of Anesthesia, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T Tefik
- Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I Nane
- Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Turkmen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F S Oguz
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F Aydin
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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The analysis of correlation between IL-1B gene expression and genotyping in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neurol Sci 2014; 343:41-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Study of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Gene, mRNA, and Protein in Japanese Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:372-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Phelan PJ, Conlon PJ, Sparks MA. Genetic determinants of renal transplant outcome: where do we stand? J Nephrol 2014; 27:247-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s40620-014-0053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Kim YH, Kim TH, Kang SW, Kim HJ, Park SJ, Jeong KH, Kim SK, Lee SH, Ihm CG, Lee TW, Moon JY, Yoon YC, Chung JH. Association between a TGFBR2 gene polymorphism (rs2228048, Asn389Asn) and acute rejection in Korean kidney transplantation recipients. Immunol Invest 2014; 42:285-95. [PMID: 23883197 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.777073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling transduction initiates TGF-β activation, resulting in activation of TGF-β receptor II (TGFBR2). Any quantitative and qualitative changes in TGFBR2 are expected to affect the TGF-β signaling pathway, which occupies a central position with respect to the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immune reaction, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix formation. Recent studies have shown that TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to early acute and chronic allograft rejection in kidney transplantation recipients. In this study, we assessed whether polymorphisms of the TGFBR2 gene were associated with susceptibility to kidney transplantation rejection. A total of 347 renal allograft recipients transplanted at three centers in Korea were analyzed. Three SNPs (rs764522, rs3087465, rs2228048) of the TGFBR2 gene were genotyped from genomic DNA with direct sequencing. Multiple logistic regression models (codominant, dominant, recessive, and log-additive) were performed to evaluate odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values. A total of 63 patients (18%) developed acute rejection (AR). There were no significant differences in age, sex, number of HLA mismatches, cause of renal failure, or immunosuppressant regimen between the AR and non-AR group. The synonymous SNP rs2228048 was significantly associated with AR (p = 0.020 in recessive model, and p = 0.036 in log-additive model. The allele frequencies of rs2228048 were different between the AR and non-AR group (p = 0.026). These results suggest that the synonymous TGFBR2 gene SNP rs2228048 may be associated with the development of AR in Korean kidney transplantation recipients. Authors Yeong-Hoon Kim and Tae Hee Kim contributed equally to this work and are considered co-first authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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Ge YZ, Yu P, Jia RP, Wu R, Ding AX, Li LP, Zhao Y, Feng YM, Gui ZL, Liao S. Association between transforming growth factor beta-1 +869T/C polymorphism and acute rejection of solid organ allograft: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Transpl Immunol 2014; 30:76-83. [PMID: 24486560 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFB1) is involved in the acute rejection (AR) episodes of solid organ transplant recipients. However, results from published studies on the association between donor/recipient TGFB1 +869T/C polymorphism and AR risk are conflicting and inconclusive. METHODS PUBMED, EMBASE, CNKI and Wanfang Database were searched to identify eligible studies investigating the association between donor/recipient TGFB1 +869T/C polymorphism and AR risk. Statistical analysis was performed by using STATA 10.0. RESULTS A total of 29 studies were included. Overall, the donor TGFB1 +869T/C polymorphism was significantly associated with AR risk in heterozygote comparison (CT vs. TT: OR = 1.67, 95%CI, 1.17-2.39; P heterogeneity=0.285) and dominant model (CC vs. TC/TT OR = 1.47, 95%CI, 1.05-2.06; P heterogeneity=0.445). In addition, subgroup analysis revealed that CT variant (CT vs. TT: OR = 1.97, 95%CI, 1.20-3.25; P heterogeneity = 0.777) and CC/CT genotype (CC/CT vs. TT: OR = 1.72, 95%CI, 1.07, 2.78; P heterogeneity = 0.619) within donors contributed to higher risk of AR in recipients administrated with CsA or FK506, compared with those applied only CsA. On the other hand, no significant association between recipient TGFB1 +869T/C polymorphism and AR was detected in all genetic models. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis and systematic review suggested that donor TGFB1 +869T/C polymorphism was significantly associated with AR of solid organ transplant recipients, and especially among patients in CsA/FK 506 group compared with those in CsA group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zheng Ge
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Rui-Peng Jia
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China.
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ai-Xing Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Liang-Peng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yu-Ming Feng
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zan-Long Gui
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Sheng Liao
- Department of Urology & Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
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O'Brien RP, Phelan PJ, Conroy J, O'Kelly P, Green A, Keogan M, O'Neill D, Jennings S, Traynor C, Casey J, McCormack M, Conroy R, Chubb A, Ennis S, Shields DC, Cavalleri GL, Conlon PJ. A genome-wide association study of recipient genotype and medium-term kidney allograft function. Clin Transplant 2013; 27:379-87. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J. Phelan
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin 9; Ireland
| | - Judith Conroy
- School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | - Patrick O'Kelly
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin 9; Ireland
| | - Andrew Green
- UCD Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory; University College Dublin; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | - Mary Keogan
- Department of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Derek O'Neill
- Department of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Susan Jennings
- Department of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Carol Traynor
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin 9; Ireland
| | - Jillian Casey
- School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | - Mark McCormack
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics; RCSI; Dublin 2; Ireland
| | - Ronan Conroy
- Division of Population Health Sciences; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Anthony Chubb
- UCD Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory; University College Dublin; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | - Sean Ennis
- School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | - Denis C. Shields
- UCD Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory; University College Dublin; Dublin 4; Ireland
| | | | - Peter J. Conlon
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation; Beaumont Hospital; Dublin 9; Ireland
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Brunet M. Cytokines as predictive biomarkers of alloreactivity. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1354-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
Renal allograft rejection or dysfunction often results in graft failure, and remains the major obstacle in the success of renal transplantation. Various immunological and nonimmunological factors are involved in allograft rejection. In addition to human leukocyte antigen loci, several genetically controlled molecules have been identified in recent years as playing important roles in the process of rejection. Genetic variants in genes encoding different T-helper (Th) type 1 and Th2 cytokines, chemokines and their receptors, growth factors, molecules of the renin-angiotensin system, enzymes of the homocysteine pathway, and proteins acting as substrates of immunosuppressive drugs impact on the success of engraftment and highlight the concept of genetic predisposition to allograft rejection. This review evaluates specific genetic variants and their functional roles in graft failure, with an emphasis on the latest methodologies available for genotyping, and appropriate strategies to enable them to become a tool of predictive and individualized medicine to ensure better transplant outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Khan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India
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Oetting WS, Schladt DP, Leduc RE, Jacobson PA, Guan W, Matas AJ, Israni A. Validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients using a large multi-center cohort. Transpl Int 2011; 24:1231-8. [PMID: 21955043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There have been numerous reports proposing a statistically significant association between a genetic variant, usually in the form of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and acute rejection (AR). Unfortunately, there are additional publications reporting a lack of association with AR when a different cohort of recipients was analyzed for the same SNP. The objective of this report was to attempt replication of these published finding in our own kidney allograft recipient cohort. We analyzed 23 genetic variants, previously reported to have a significant association with AR, using a cohort of 969 clinically well-defined kidney transplant recipients. Only one SNP, rs6025 (Leiden mutation), within the coagulation factor V gene, showed a significant association with a P-value of 0.011 in a race-adjusted analysis and a P-value of 0.0003 in multiple variable analysis. An additional SNP, rs11706052 in IMPDH2, gave a modest P-value of 0.044 using multiple variable analysis, which is not significant when multiple testing is taken into consideration. Our results suggest that careful validation of previously reported associations with AR is necessary, and different strategies other than candidate gene studies can help to identify causative genetic variants associated with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Oetting
- College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Hu X, Bai Y, Li S, Zeng K, Xu L, Liu Z, Song X, Lu X, Wang L, Ying B. Donor or recipient TNF-A −308G/A polymorphism and acute rejection of renal allograft: A meta-analysis. Transpl Immunol 2011; 25:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zibar L, Wagner J, Pavlinić D, Galić J, Pasini J, Juras K, Barbić J. The relationship between interferon-γ gene polymorphism and acute kidney allograft rejection. Scand J Immunol 2011; 73:319-24. [PMID: 21204904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine gene polymorphisms have been associated with modified gene expression and cytokine production. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney transplant rejection. This study evaluated the association between IFN-γ gene polymorphisms and the history of acute allograft rejection in 53 adult first-transplant recipients receiving cadaveric kidney grafts. They were followed up in a single centre until 2006, for a median time of 4 years after transplantation (1-22 years). IFN-γ gene polymorphisms +874 T/A (rs2430561) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). T/T high IFN-γ genotype was found in 12, intermediate T/A in 29 and low A/A in 12 patients. Twenty-six acute kidney rejection episodes were evidenced in 20 patients, of which none occurred in the 12 patients with low IFN-γ genotype A/A. Age, gender, number of HLA (human leukocyte antigen) mismatches, ABO blood groups, HLA, time after transplantation, creatinine clearance and immunosuppressive regimens were excluded as confounding factors associated with IFN-γ genotype distribution between rejectors and non-rejectors. IFN-γ gene polymorphisms could be an important risk factor for acute kidney transplant rejection, whereas the low A/A IFN-γ genotype could be protective against rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zibar
- University Josip Juraj Strosmayer Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Osijek, Croatia and Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Coelho VPCDV, Ioschpe R, Caldas C, Spadafora-Ferreira M, Fonseca JA, Cardoso MRA, Palacios SA, Kalil J, Goldberg AC. Contrasting roles of donor and recipient TGFB1 and IFNG gene polymorphic variants in chronic kidney transplant rejection. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2011; 9:46-51. [PMID: 26760552 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082011ao1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term impact (minimum of 3 years follow-up) of polymorphisms in cytokine genes in donor:recipient pairs on the results of the transplant. METHODS We compared genetic cytokine polymorphisms and the primary factors of risk for the development of chronic rejection in paired groups of renal transplant patients with and without chronic allograft nephropathy [CAN]. RESULTS Multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of the high-production TT genotype (codon 10) of the transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1) was protective in receptors (p=0.017), contrasting with the increased risk when present in donor samples (p=0.049). On the other hand, in the case of the gamma interferon studied, the greater frequency of the high production allele was protective in the analysis of the donor group (p=0.013), increasing the risk of chronic nephropathy of the allograft when present in the recipients (p=0.036). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the importance of TGFB1 genotyping in donors, and indicate that polymorphisms in the gene of this cytokine in donor cells might contribute to the development of chronic allograft nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Ioschpe
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Cristina Caldas
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - João Americo Fonseca
- Unidade de Transplante Renal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - Selma Aliotti Palacios
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Anna Carla Goldberg
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia, BR
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Zhang L, Yang M, Bi N, Ji W, Wu C, Tan W, Zhao L, Yu D, Lin D, Wang L. Association of TGF-β1 and XPD polymorphisms with severe acute radiation-induced esophageal toxicity in locally advanced lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2011; 97:19-25. [PMID: 20832885 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced esophageal toxicity (RIET) is a dose-limiting toxicity in lung cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that DNA repair and the cytokine pathways play essential roles in radiation-induced diseases. Genetic polymorphisms of genes in these pathways may affect gene function and/or gene expression and lead to different treatment-related esophageal toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the association of 21 polymorphisms in 14 genes, with the occurrence of ≥ grade 2 acute RIET. Genotypes were analyzed among 213 stage III lung cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. RESULTS We used Cox proportional hazard model to examine the effects of genotypes on ≥ grade 2 acute RIET risk and Kaplan-Meier estimator to compare effects of different genotypes on such risk. Multivariate analysis showed that CT or TT genotype of TGF-β1-509C/T polymorphism was associated with a significantly higher RIET risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]=2.47; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.17-5.24; P=0.018, or HR=3.86; 95% CI=1.50-9.92; P=0.005), respectively, compared with the CC genotype. Moreover, Lys/Gln+Gln/Gln genotypes of XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism were also associated with a significantly decreased RIET risk (adjusted HR=0.55; 95% CI=0.32-0.96; P=0.030). CONCLUSIONS This report, for the first time, examined the influence of inherited variation in the DNA repair and the cytokine pathways on RIET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Manchanda PK, Kumar A, Sharma RK, Goel H, Mittal RD. Association of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine gene variants in renal transplant patients with allograft outcome and cyclosporine immunosuppressant levels. Biologics 2009; 2:875-84. [PMID: 19707465 PMCID: PMC2727909 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
T-helper (Th) type 1/Th2 cytokines are key mediators in induction/effecter phases of all immune and inflammatory responses playing role in acute/chronic renal allograft rejection. Association studies lead to identification of patient risk profiles enabling individualization of level of immunosuppressions. We investigated the association of allograft rejection with interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) −308, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (C-del, codon 10 and 25) gene variants in 184 renal transplant recipients and 180 controls. These cytokine genotypes were also evaluated with cyclosporine levels (C2) at one month in 135 stable recipients. High producing genotypes B1B1 of IL-4 and AA of TNF-α α308 showed significant association with rejection of allograft. The dose-adjusted C2 levels were significantly lower in patients with the high producing genotype T/T of IL-2 and heterozygous G/C of TGF-β codon 25 (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Haplotype frequencies were comparable in subjects for TGF-β codon-10 and 25. Combined inter-gene interaction showed high risk for rejection in recipients with high producing genotype B1B1 of IL-4 and AA of TNF-α and high TNF-α (AA) with low TGF-β (CC or Pro/Pro). In conclusion, association of IL-4 VNTR and TNF-α −308 suggested the involvement of these cytokines contributing to pathogenesis of allograft rejection. Recipients with TT genotype of IL-2 and GC of TGF-β codon 25 having low C2 levels may require higher cyclosporine dosage. Combined analysis of gene-gene interaction demonstrated synergistic effect of cytokines increasing risk for rejection. Thus, this information may help in pre-assessment of allograft outcome and to optimize cyclosporine therapy in post-transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeet Kaur Manchanda
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Renal tubular epithelial cells as immunoregulatory cells in renal allograft rejection. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2009; 23:129-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chung BS, Lee JK, Choi MH, Park MH, Choi D, Hong ST. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokine genes are associated with fibrosis of the intrahepatic bile duct wall in human clonorchiasis. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2009; 47:145-51. [PMID: 19488421 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2009.47.2.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with intrahepatic bile duct wall fibrosis in human clonorchiasis. A total of 240 residents in Heilongjiang, China underwent ultrasonography, blood sampling, and stool examination. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites for IFN-gamma (+874 T/A), IL-10 (-1,082 G/A, -819 C/T, -592 C/A), TNF-alpha (-308 G/A), and TGF-beta1 (codon 10 T/C, codon 25 G/C) genes were observed with the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. No significant correlation was observed between individual cytokine gene polymorphisms and intrahepatic duct dilatation (IHDD). Among individuals with clonorchiasis of moderate intensity, the incidence of IHDD was high in those with IFN-gamma intermediate-producing genotype, +874AT (80.0%, P = 0.177), and in those with TNF-alpha low-producing genotype, -308GG (63.0%, P = 0.148). According to the combination of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha genotypes, the risks for IHDD could be stratified into high (intermediate-producing IFN-gamma and low producing TNF-alpha), moderate, and low (low-producing IFN-gamma and high producing TNF-alpha) risk groups. The incidence of IHDD was significantly different among these groups (P = 0.022): 88.9% (odds ratio, OR = 24.0) in high, 56.5% (OR = 3.9) in moderate, and 25.0% (OR = 1) in low risk groups. SNP of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha genes may contribute to the modulation of fibrosis in the intrahepatic bile duct wall in clonorchiasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Suk Chung
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ernandez T, Mayadas TN. Immunoregulatory role of TNFalpha in inflammatory kidney diseases. Kidney Int 2009; 76:262-76. [PMID: 19436333 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2009.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays important inflammatory roles in renal diseases such as lupus nephritis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis and renal allograft rejection. However, TNFalpha also plays critical immunoregulatory roles that are required to maintain immune homeostasis. These complex biological functions of TNFalpha are orchestrated by its two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. For example, TNFR2 promotes leukocyte infiltration and tissue injury in an animal model of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. On the other hand, TNFR1 plays an immunoregulatory function in a murine lupus model with a deficiency in this receptor that leads to more severe autoimmune symptoms. In humans, proinflammatory and immunoregulatory roles for TNFalpha are strikingly illustrated in patients on anti-TNFalpha medications: These treatments are greatly beneficial in certain inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis but, on the other hand, are also associated with the induction of autoimmune lupus-like syndromes and enhanced autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis patients. The indication for anti-TNFalpha treatments in renal inflammatory diseases is still under discussion. Ongoing clinical trials may help to clarify the potential benefit of such treatments in lupus nephritis and ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. Overall, the complex biology of TNFalpha is not fully understood. A greater understanding of the function of its receptors may provide a framework to understand its contrasting proinflammatory and immunoregulatory functions. This may lead the development of new, more specific anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ernandez
- Department of Pathology, Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Yuan X, Liao Z, Liu Z, Wang LE, Tucker SL, Mao L, Wang XS, Martel M, Komaki R, Cox JD, Milas L, Wei Q. Single nucleotide polymorphism at rs1982073:T869C of the TGFbeta 1 gene is associated with the risk of radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:3370-8. [PMID: 19380441 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.20.6763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In search of reliable biologic markers to predict the risk of normal tissue damage by radio(chemo)therapy before treatment, we investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transforming growth factor 1 (TGFbeta1) gene and risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Using 164 available genomic DNA samples from patients with NSCLC treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy, we genotyped three SNPs of the TGFbeta1 gene (rs1800469:C-509T, rs1800471:G915C, and rs1982073:T869C) by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. We used Kaplan-Meier cumulative probability to assess the risk of grade > or = 3 RP and Cox proportional hazards analyses to evaluate the effect of TGFbeta1 genotypes on such risk. RESULTS There were 90 men and 74 women in the study, with median age of 63 years. Radiation doses ranging from 60 to 70 Gy (median = 63 Gy) in 30 to 58 fractions were given to 158 patients (96.3%) and platinum-based chemotherapy to 147 (89.6%). Grade > or = 2 and grade > or = 3 RP were observed in 74 (45.1%) and 36 patients (22.0%), respectively. Multivariate analysis found CT/CC genotypes of TGFbeta1 rs1982073:T869C to be associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of RP grades > or = 2 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.489; 95% CI, 0.227 to 0.861; P = .013) and grades > or = 3 (HR = 0.390; 95% CI, 0.197 to .774; P = 0.007), respectively, compared with the TT genotype, after adjustment for Karnofsky performance status, smoking status, pulmonary function, and dosimetric parameters. CONCLUSION Our results showed that CT/CC genotypes of TGFbeta1 rs1982073:T869C gene were associated with lower risk of RP in patients with NSCLC treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy and thus may serve as a reliable predictor of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Cho JH, Huh S, Kwon TG, Choi JY, Hur IK, Lee EY, Park SH, Kim YL, Kim CD. Association of C-509T and T869C polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-beta1 gene with chronic allograft nephropathy and graft survival in Korean renal transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:2355-60. [PMID: 18790234 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) has been associated with the promotion of renal allograft interstitial fibrosis and thereby chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The literature on TGF-beta1 polymorphisms and their importance in graft survival and CAN is not conclusive. METHODS TGF-beta1 gene polymorphisms (C-509T and T869C) were examined in a group of 207 Korean renal transplant recipients using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. The CAN group (n = 18) was defined by a typical biopsy confirming CAN or chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. The rest of the patients were classified into the No CAN group (n = 189). RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the genotype distributions of both C-509T and T869 polymorphisms between the two groups. Allele frequencies and age-, sex-, HLA mismatch-adjusted odds ratio of each genotype as assessed by logistic regression analysis were also not significantly different between the two groups. Linkage disequilibrium coefficients between polymorphisms indicated that investigated polymorphisms of TGF-beta1 (D' = 0.98) were in tight linkage. However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of the reconstructed haplotypes between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests did not indicate any statistically significant effects of TGF-beta1 gene polymorphisms on graft survival. CONCLUSION TGF-beta1 gene polymorphisms (C-509T, T869C) are not significantly associated with an increased risk of development of CAN and graft survival in Korean renal transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Cytokine gene polymorphism in kidney transplantation — Impact of TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-6 on graft outcome. Transpl Immunol 2008; 18:344-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Accepted: 10/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Analysis of cytokine gene polymorphisms in recipient’s matched with living donors on acute rejection after renal transplantation. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 311:57-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vielhauer V, Mayadas TN. Functions of TNF and its receptors in renal disease: distinct roles in inflammatory tissue injury and immune regulation. Semin Nephrol 2007; 27:286-308. [PMID: 17533007 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha is a potent proinflammatory cytokine and important mediator of inflammatory tissue damage. In addition, it has important immune-regulatory functions. Many experimental studies and clinical observations support a role for TNF in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic renal disease. However, given its dual functions in inflammation and immune regulation, TNF may mediate both proinflammatory as well as immunosuppressive effects, particularly in chronic kidney diseases and systemic autoimmunity. Blockade of TNF in human rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease led to the development of autoantibodies, lupus-like syndrome, and glomerulonephritis in some patients. These data raise concern about using TNF-blocking therapies in renal disease because the kidney may be especially vulnerable to the manifestation of autoimmune processes. Interestingly, recent experimental evidence suggests distinct roles for the 2 TNF receptors in mediating local inflammatory injury in the kidney and systemic immune-regulatory functions. In this review the biologic properties of TNF and its receptors, TNF receptors 1 and 2, relevant to kidney disease are summarized followed by a review of the available experimental and clinical data on the pathogenic role of the TNF system in nonimmune and immune renal diseases. Experimental evidence also is reviewed that supports a rationale for specifically blocking TNF receptor 2 versus anti-TNF therapies in some nephropathies, including immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Vielhauer
- Medizinische Poliklinik Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Amirzargar M, Yavangi M, Basiri A, Moghadam SH, Khosravi F, Solgi G, Gholiaf M, Khoshkho F, Dadaras F, Mahmmodi M, Ansaripour B, Amirzargar A, Nikbin B. Genetic Association of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, and Transforming Growth Factor-β Gene Polymorphism With Allograft Function in Renal Transplant Patients. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:954-7. [PMID: 17524861 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in immunosuppressive therapy in the past decade, allograft rejection remains the primary cause for kidney graft failure. Cytokines are known to be important mediators in renal allograft outcome. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta cytokine gene polymorphisms contributed to kidney graft outcome. We evaluated single nucleotide polymorphism in IL-4 (-1098G/T, -590C/T, -33C/T), IL-10 (-1082A/G, -819C/T, -592A/C), and TGF-beta (codon 10 and 25) in 100 renal transplant recipients and 139 normal healthy control using polymerase chain reactions based on sequence-specific primers. Recipients were clinically characterized as rejection episode (RE) versus stable graft function (SGF). The results showed the frequencies of IL-4 -33 T allele in the RE, SGF, and control group to be 7%, 73%, and 28%, respectively. IL-10 -592 A allele frequency was 39% in RE, 26% in SGF, and 28% in the control group. TGF-beta codon 10 T allele was 39% in RE, 35% in SGF, and 53% in control group. In conclusion, this study suggested that some cytokine gene alleles reflected SGF among kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amirzargar
- Kidney Transplant Division, Ekbatan Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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