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Illuminati D, Trapella C, Zanirato V, Guerrini R, Albanese V, Sturaro C, Stragapede S, Malfacini D, Compagnin G, Catani M, Fantinati A. (L)-Monomethyl Tyrosine (Mmt): New Synthetic Strategy via Bulky 'Forced-Traceless' Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H Activation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1592. [PMID: 38004457 PMCID: PMC10675785 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The enormous influence in terms of bioactivity, affinity, and selectivity represented by the replacement of (L)-2,6-dimethyl tyrosine (Dmt) instead of Phenylalanine (Phe) into Nociceptin/orphanin (N/OFQ) neuropeptide analogues has been well documented in the literature. More recently, the non-natural amino acid (L)-2-methyl tyrosine (Mmt), with steric hindrance included between Tyr and Dmt, has been studied because of the modulation of steric effects in opioid peptide chains. Here, we report a new synthetic strategy to obtain Mmt based on the well-known Pd-catalyzed ortho-C(sp2)-H activation approach, because there is a paucity of other synthetic routes in the literature to achieve it. The aim of this work was to force only the mono-ortho-methylation process over the double ortho-methylation one. In this regard, we are pleased to report that the introduction of the dibenzylamine moiety on a Tyr aromatic nucleus is a convenient and traceless solution to achieve such a goal. Interestingly, our method provided the aimed Mmt either as N-Boc or N-Fmoc derivatives ready to be inserted into peptide chains through solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Importantly, the introduction of Mmt in place of Phe1 in the sequence of N/OFQ(1-13)-NH2 was very well tolerated in terms of pharmacological profile and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Illuminati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 213/d, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.T.); (V.Z.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Vinicio Zanirato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.T.); (V.Z.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.T.); (V.Z.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Valentina Albanese
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Chiara Sturaro
- U.O. Neurological Clinic, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.)
| | - Simona Stragapede
- U.O. Neurological Clinic, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.)
| | - Davide Malfacini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via 8 Febbraio, 2, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Greta Compagnin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.T.); (V.Z.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.T.); (V.Z.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Anna Fantinati
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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Tenora L, Alt J, Dash RP, Gadiano AJ, Novotná K, Veeravalli V, Lam J, Kirkpatrick QR, Lemberg KM, Majer P, Rais R, Slusher BS. Tumor-Targeted Delivery of 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) Using Substituted Acetylated Lysine Prodrugs. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3524-3538. [PMID: 30892035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b02009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) is a glutamine antagonist with robust anticancer efficacy; however, its therapeutic potential was hampered by its biodistribution and toxicity to normal tissues, specifically gastrointestinal (GI) tissues. To circumvent DON's toxicity, we synthesized a series of tumor-targeted DON prodrugs designed to circulate inert in plasma and preferentially activate over DON in tumor. Our best prodrug 6 (isopropyl 2-(6-acetamido-2-(adamantane-1-carboxamido)hexanamido)-6-diazo-5-oxohexanoate) showed stability in plasma, liver, and intestinal homogenates yet was readily cleaved to DON in P493B lymphoma cells, exhibiting a 55-fold enhanced tumor cell-to-plasma ratio versus that of DON and resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Using carboxylesterase 1 knockout mice that were shown to mimic human prodrug metabolism, systemic administration of 6 delivered 11-fold higher DON exposure to tumor (target tissue; AUC0- t = 5.1 nmol h/g) versus GI tissues (toxicity tissue; AUC0- t = 0.45 nmol h/g). In summary, these studies describe the discovery of a glutamine antagonist prodrug that provides selective tumor exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Tenora
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Kateřina Novotná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
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Laha JK, Tummalapalli KSS, Gupta A. Transition-Metal-Free Tandem Oxidative Removal of Benzylic Methylene Group by C–C and C–N Bond Cleavage Followed by Intramolecular New Aryl C–N Bond Formation under Radical Conditions. Org Lett 2014; 16:4392-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501766m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joydev K. Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - K. S. Satyanarayana Tummalapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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2',6'-dimethylphenylalanine: a useful aromatic amino Acid surrogate for tyr or phe residue in opioid peptides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2012; 2012:498901. [PMID: 25954528 PMCID: PMC4412257 DOI: 10.1155/2012/498901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two aromatic amino acids, Tyr(1) and Phe(3) or Phe(4), are important structural elements in opioid peptides because they interact with opioid receptors. The usefulness of an artificial amino acid residue 2',6'-dimethylphenylalanine (Dmp) was investigated as an aromatic amino acid surrogate for several opioid peptides, including enkephalin, dermorphin, deltorphin, endomorphin, dynorphin A, and nociceptin peptides. In most peptides, substitutions of Phe(3) by a Dmp residue produced analogs with improved receptor-binding affinity and selectivity, while the same substitution of Phe(4) induced markedly reduced receptor affinity and selectivity. Interestingly, replacement of Tyr(1) by Dmp produced analogs with unexpectedly high affinity or produced only a slight drop in receptor affinity and bioactivity for most peptides. Thus, Dmp is also a useful surrogate for the N-terminal Tyr residue in opioid peptides despite the lack of a phenolic hydroxyl group, which is considered necessary for opioid activity. The Dmp(1)-substituted analogs are superior to 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt)(1)-substituted analogs for high receptor selectivity since the latter generally have poor receptor selectivity. Thus, Dmp is very useful as an aromatic amino acid surrogate in opioid peptides and may be useful for developing other novel peptide mimetics with high receptor specificity.
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Bhella SS, Ishar MPS, Singh G, Singh R, Singh G, Raj T. Synthesis of constrained aromatic β2,3,3-amino alcohol scaffolds — Precursors of non-proteinogenic phenylalanine for peptidomimetics. CAN J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1139/v08-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel constrained β2,3,3-amino alcohol scaffolds (11a–11e) with varied substitution patterns have been synthesized by reductive cleavage of the N–O bond of isoxazolidines (10a–10e) derived from intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. A number of methods were probed for reductive cleavage, however, better results were obtained with ammonium formate in the presence of Pd/C or Zn as compared to Zn/acetic acid. The obtained scaffolds (11a–11e) can serve as valuable building blocks for peptidomimetics.Key words: β2,3,3-amino alcohol, peptidomimetics, building blocks, isoxazolidines, reductive cleavage, ammonium formate.
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Remsburg JW, Armstrong DW, Péter A, Tóth G. LC Enantiomeric Separation of Unusual Amino Acids Using Cyclodextrin‐based Stationary Phases. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701738886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Remsburg
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Antal Péter
- b Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Géza Tóth
- c Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center , Szeged, Hungary
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Török R, Berkecz R, Péter A. Enantioseparation of phenylalanine analogs on a quinine-based anion-exchanger chiral stationary phase: Structure and temperature effects. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:2523-32. [PMID: 17154133 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Application of a cinchona alkaloid-based chiral anion-exchanger stationary phase for the direct high-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of N-protected unusual phenylalanine analogs is reported. The N-benzyloxycarbonyl, N-3,5-dinitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, N-benzoyl and N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl derivatives were well separable with high resolution. To achieve optimal separation of the enantiomers, the chromatographic conditions and temperature were varied. Linear van't Hoff plots were observed in the studied temperature range, 278-343 K, and the apparent changes in enthalpy, delta(deltaH degrees), entropy, delta(delta S degrees), and Gibbs free energy, delta(delta G degrees), were calculated. The values of the thermodynamic parameters depended on the nature of the N-acyl groups, on the structures of the compounds, and especially on the nature of the substituent on C3 of phenylalanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Török
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Highly diastereoselective synthesis of new, carbostyril-based type of conformationally-constrained β-phenylserines. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)01172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Török G, Pëter A, Armstrong DW, Tourwë D, Töth G, Säpi J. Direct chiral separation of unnatural amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography on a ristocetin a-bonded stationary phase. Chirality 2002; 13:648-56. [PMID: 11746797 DOI: 10.1002/chir.10004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Direct high-performance liquid chromatographic chiral separation of numerous underivatized unnatural amino acids on a ristocetin A-bonded chiral stationary phase used in the reversed-phase and in the polar organic chromatographic modes is reported. The effects of different parameters such as mobile phase composition, temperature, and the structure of the analytes on the selectivity in both chromatographic modes are discussed. By variation of the parameters, the separation of the stereoisomers was optimized and, as a result, baseline resolution was achieved in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Török
- University of Szeged, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Szeged, Hungary
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Péter A, Vékes E, Tóth G, Tourwé D, Borremans F. Application of a new chiral derivatizing agent to the enantioseparation of secondary amino acids. J Chromatogr A 2002; 948:283-94. [PMID: 12831204 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new chiral derivatizing agent, (S)-N-(4-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)phenylalanine methoxyethyl ester, (S)-NIFE, was applied for the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers of 19 unnatural secondary amino acids: proline, pipecolic acid analogues, piperazine-2-carboxylic acid, morpholine-3-carboxylic acid, thiomorpholine-3-carboxylic acid and analogues containing the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharmane, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-carboline and 2-benzazepine skeletons. Excellent resolutions were achieved for most of the investigated compounds by using a reversed-phase mobile phase system. The conditions of separation were optimized by variation of the mobile phase composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antal Péter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary.
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11
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A comparison of the direct and indirect LC methods for separating enantiomers of unusual glycine and alanine amino acid analogues. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02494118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Slaninová J, Maletínská L, Vondrásek J, Procházka Z. Magnesium and biological activity of oxytocin analogues modified on aromatic ring of amino acid in position 2. J Pept Sci 2001; 7:413-24. [PMID: 11548057 DOI: 10.1002/psc.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For the purpose of evaluating substitution effects in the ortho, meta or para positions of the aromatic ring of tyrosine or phenylalanine in position 2 of oxytocin on uterotonic activity in vitro in the presence and absence of magnesium ions, six new analogues of oxytocin ([D- and L-m-methylphenylalanine2]oxytocin, [D- and L-m-methoxyphenylalanine2]oxytocin and [D- and L-o-methyltyrosine2]-oxytocin) were synthesized and several previously described analogues resynthesized. For the phenylalanine series, it is found that, in the absence of magnesium ions, substitution of the ortho and meta positions leads to loss of intrinsic activity (the analogues are antagonists) in contrast to the para position. In the tyrosine series, only methyl substitution in the meta position has this effect (substitution of ortho position only attenuates the agonistic biological activity). Addition of Mg ions restores to a certain degree the agonistic activity in the case of the o-methylphenylalanine analogue and enhances the agonistic activity of o-methyltyrosine oxytocin. All other analogues keep the original qualities as in the absence of Mg. Molecular modelling calculations of the structure of the above analogues was carried out to help explain these findings of the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Slaninová
- Department of Peptide Biochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague
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13
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Soloshonok VA, Tang X, Hruby VJ. Large-scale asymmetric synthesis of novel sterically constrained 2′,6′-dimethyl- and α,2′,6′-trimethyltyrosine and -phenylalanine derivatives via alkylation of chiral equivalents of nucleophilic glycine and alanine. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Sasaki Y, Hirabuki M, Ambo A, Ouchi H, Yamamoto Y. Enkephalin analogues with 2',6'-dimethylphenylalanine replacing phenylalanine in position 4. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:327-9. [PMID: 11212102 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four Leu-enkephalin (Enk) analogues containing 2',6'-dimethyphenylalanine (Dmp) in position 4 were prepared and tested for their receptor binding and biological activities. Among the analogues prepared, [2', 6'-dimethyltyrosine, D-Dmp4]Enk was found to be an antagonist toward mu and delta opioid receptors with pA2 values of 6.90 and 5.57, respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding, Competitive
- Brain
- Enkephalin, Leucine/chemical synthesis
- Enkephalin, Leucine/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Leucine/pharmacology
- Ileum/drug effects
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Male
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Phenylalanine/analogs & derivatives
- Phenylalanine/chemical synthesis
- Phenylalanine/pharmacology
- Protein Binding
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Synaptosomes/chemistry
- Vas Deferens/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sasaki
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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15
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Péter A, Török G, Armstrong DW, Tóth G, Tourwé D. High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers of synthetic amino acids on a ristocetin A chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2000; 904:1-15. [PMID: 11209895 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A macrocyclic glycopeptide, ristocetin A, was used as chiral stationary phase for the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers of 28 unnatural amino acids, such as analogues of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, and analogues containing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, tetraline or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-carboline skeletons. Excellent resolutions were achieved for most of the investigated compounds by using reversed-phase or a new polar-organic mobile phase system. The conditions of separation were optimized by variation of the mobile phase composition, temperature and flow-rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Péter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Hungary.
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16
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Schiller PW, Nguyen TM, Berezowska I, Dupuis S, Weltrowska G, Chung NN, Lemieux C. Synthesis and in vitro opioid activity profiles of DALDA analogues. Eur J Med Chem 2000; 35:895-901. [PMID: 11121615 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(00)01171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The tetrapeptide DALDA (H-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) is a polar and selective mu agonist showing poor penetration of the placental and blood-brain barriers. In an effort to enhance the potency of DALDA, analogues containing 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt), N,2',6'-trimethyltyrosine (Tmt), 2'-methyltyrosine (Mmt) or 2'-hydroxy,6'-methyltyrosine (Hmt) in place of Tyr1, or Orn or alpha,gamma-diaminobutyric acid (A2bu) in place of Lys4, were synthesized. All compounds displayed high mu receptor selectivity in the rat and guinea pig brain membrane binding assays and most of them were more potent mu agonists than DALDA in the mu receptor-representative guinea pig ileum assay, with [Dmt1]DALDA showing the highest potency. Because of its extraordinary mu agonist potency, high mu selectivity, polar character (charge of 3 + ) and metabolic stability, [Dmt1]DALDA has potential for use in obstetrical or peripheral analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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17
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Rzeska A, Stachowiak K, Malicka J, Łankiewicz L, Wiczk W. Photophysics of phenylalanine analogues. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(00)00229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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The analogs of oxytocin and D-homoarginine vasopressin with bulky substituted phenylalanine in position 2. Int J Pept Res Ther 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02443586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Tóth GK, Bakos K, Penke B, Pávó I, Varga C, Török G, Péter A, Fülöp F. Synthesis of oxytocin antagonists containing conformationally constrained amino acids in position 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:667-72. [PMID: 10201826 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of oxytocin containing D-Trp, 2-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (Atc) or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-1-carboxylic acid (Car) with R or S configurations in position 2 were synthetized, and their receptor bindings were tested on isolated guinea-pig uterus, rat liver and rat kidney inner medulla plasma membranes. The peptides were synthetized in the solid phase by using racemates of Car and Atc. The resulting diastereomeric mixtures were separated by means of RP-HPLC. The binding to the oxytocin receptor was somewhat decreased for the Atc isomers and dramatically decreased for both R- and S-Car, while the D-Trp-containing analogue displayed a relatively high receptor affinity. However, the V1 receptor affinities were almost the same as those of the parent peptide for the Car-containing analogues and dramatically decreased for the S-Atc substituted analogue, which has a relatively high OT/V1 receptor selectivity of 44.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University, Szeged, Hungary
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20
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Pfizenmayer AJ, Vera MD, Ding X, Xiao D, Chen WC, Joullié MM. Synthesis and biological activity of [Tic5] didemnin B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3653-6. [PMID: 9934489 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A didemnin B analog containing a Tic (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid) as a conformationally restrained replacement for tyrosine has been synthesized and shown to have comparable potency as a protein biosynthesis inhibitor. Synthetic highlights include an oxidation of an alcohol to an acid in the presence of the sensitive Tic heterocycle and a modified Schmidt-type one-pot macrocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Pfizenmayer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6323, USA
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22
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Péter A, Török G, Tóth G, Van Den Nest W, Georges Laus, Tourwé D. Chromatographic methods for monitoring the optical isomers of unusual aromatic amino acids. J Chromatogr A 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Rajagopalan S, Radke G, Evans M, Tomich JM. Synthesis of N-t-Boc-4-S-t-Butyl-L-thiophenylalanineviaPalladium Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of N-t-Boc-4-Iodo-L-phenylalanine witht-Butylthiol or Sodiumt-Butylthiolate. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919608003505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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