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Zhang J, Netzel ME, Pengelly A, Sivakumar D, Sultanbawa Y. A Review of Phytochemicals and Bioactive Properties in the Proteaceae Family: A Promising Source of Functional Food. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1952. [PMID: 38001805 PMCID: PMC10669417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, natural plant-based foods have been increasingly used to improve human health due to unhealthy modern dietary patterns, such as the consumption of foods high in sugar and fat. Many indigenous species have been used by Aboriginal peoples for their food and therapeutic properties. Thus, it is important to understand the health-enhancing bioactive profile of Australian indigenous species. The Proteaceae family, such as the genera of Protea, Macadamia, and Grevillea, have been commercially used in the horticulture and food industries. Researchers have reported some findings about Persoonia species, one of the genera in the Proteaceae family. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the family Proteaceae and the genus Persoonia, including distribution, traditional and commercial uses, phytochemicals, bioactive properties, potential opportunities, and challenges. In this review, bioactive compounds and their properties related to the health benefits of the Proteaceae family, particularly the Persoonia genus, were reviewed for potential applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Michael E. Netzel
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Andrew Pengelly
- Indigenous Plants for Health Association, 196 Bridge St, Muswellbrook, NSW 2333, Australia;
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
- Phytochemical Food Network, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
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Baggs EL, Tiersma MB, Abramson BW, Michael TP, Krasileva KV. Characterization of defense responses against bacterial pathogens in duckweeds lacking EDS1. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1838-1855. [PMID: 36052715 PMCID: PMC9828482 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) mediates the induction of defense responses against pathogens in most angiosperms. However, it has recently been shown that a few species have lost EDS1. It is unknown how defense against disease unfolds and evolves in the absence of EDS1. We utilize duckweeds; a collection of aquatic species that lack EDS1, to investigate this question. We established duckweed-Pseudomonas pathosystems and used growth curves and microscopy to characterize pathogen-induced responses. Through comparative genomics and transcriptomics, we show that the copy number of infection-associated genes and the infection-induced transcriptional responses of duckweeds differ from other model species. Pathogen defense in duckweeds has evolved along different trajectories than in other plants, including genomic and transcriptional reprogramming. Specifically, the miAMP1 domain-containing proteins, which are absent in Arabidopsis, showed pathogen responsive upregulation in duckweeds. Despite such divergence between Arabidopsis and duckweed species, we found conservation of upregulation of certain genes and the role of hormones in response to disease. Our work highlights the importance of expanding the pool of model species to study defense responses that have evolved in the plant kingdom independent of EDS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Baggs
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Meije B. Tiersma
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Brad W. Abramson
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology LaboratoryThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCA92037USA
| | - Todd P. Michael
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology LaboratoryThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCA92037USA
| | - Ksenia V. Krasileva
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
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3
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Erdem Büyükkiraz M, Kesmen Z. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): A promising class of antimicrobial compounds. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1573-1596. [PMID: 34606679 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are compounds, which have inhibitory activity against microorganisms. In the last decades, AMPs have become powerful alternative agents that have met the need for novel anti-infectives to overcome increasing antibiotic resistance problems. Moreover, recent epidemics and pandemics are increasing the popularity of AMPs, due to the urgent necessity for effective antimicrobial agents in combating the new emergence of microbial diseases. AMPs inhibit a wide range of microorganisms through diverse and special mechanisms by targeting mainly cell membranes or specific intracellular components. In addition to extraction from natural sources, AMPs are produced in various hosts using recombinant methods. More recently, the synthetic analogues of AMPs, designed with some modifications, are predicted to overcome the limitations of stability, toxicity and activity associated with natural AMPs. AMPs have potential applications as antimicrobial agents in food, agriculture, environment, animal husbandry and pharmaceutical industries. In this review, we have provided an overview of the structure, classification and mechanism of action of AMPs, as well as discussed opportunities for their current and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Erdem Büyükkiraz
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cappadocia University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Zülal Kesmen
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Food Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Dos Santos-Silva CA, Zupin L, Oliveira-Lima M, Vilela LMB, Bezerra-Neto JP, Ferreira-Neto JR, Ferreira JDC, de Oliveira-Silva RL, Pires CDJ, Aburjaile FF, de Oliveira MF, Kido EA, Crovella S, Benko-Iseppon AM. Plant Antimicrobial Peptides: State of the Art, In Silico Prediction and Perspectives in the Omics Era. Bioinform Biol Insights 2020; 14:1177932220952739. [PMID: 32952397 PMCID: PMC7476358 DOI: 10.1177/1177932220952739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Even before the perception or interaction with pathogens, plants rely on constitutively guardian molecules, often specific to tissue or stage, with further expression after contact with the pathogen. These guardians include small molecules as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), generally cysteine-rich, functioning to prevent pathogen establishment. Some of these AMPs are shared among eukaryotes (eg, defensins and cyclotides), others are plant specific (eg, snakins), while some are specific to certain plant families (such as heveins). When compared with other organisms, plants tend to present a higher amount of AMP isoforms due to gene duplications or polyploidy, an occurrence possibly also associated with the sessile habit of plants, which prevents them from evading biotic and environmental stresses. Therefore, plants arise as a rich resource for new AMPs. As these molecules are difficult to retrieve from databases using simple sequence alignments, a description of their characteristics and in silico (bioinformatics) approaches used to retrieve them is provided, considering resources and databases available. The possibilities and applications based on tools versus database approaches are considerable and have been so far underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luisa Zupin
- Genetic Immunology laboratory, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marx Oliveira-Lima
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - José Diogo Cavalcanti Ferreira
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Departamento de Genética, Instituto Federal de Pernambuco, Pesqueira, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ederson Akio Kido
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Genetic Immunology laboratory, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Nesbit JB, Schein CH, Braun BA, Gipson SAY, Cheng H, Hurlburt BK, Maleki SJ. Epitopes with similar physicochemical properties contribute to cross reactivity between peanut and tree nuts. Mol Immunol 2020; 122:223-231. [PMID: 32442779 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals with peanut (PN) allergy have severe reactions to tree nuts (TN) such as walnuts or cashews. Although allergenic proteins in TN and PN have overall low identity, they share discrete sequences similar in physicochemical properties (PCP) to known IgE epitopes. Here, PCP-consensus peptides (cp, 13 aa and 31 aa) were identified from an alignment of epitope rich regions of walnut vicilin, Jug r 2, leader sequence (J2LS) and cross-reactive epitopes in the 2S albumins of peanut and synthesized. A peptide similarity search in the Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins (SDAP) revealed a network of peptides similar (low property distance, PD) to the 13 aa cp (13cp) in many different plant allergens. Peptides similar to the 13cp in PN and TN allergens bound IgE from sera of patients allergic to PN and TN in peptide microarray analysis. The 13cp was used to produce a rabbit consensus peptide antibody (cpAB) that detected proteins containing repeats similar to the 13cp in western blots of various nut extracts, in which reactive proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The cpAB bound more specifically to allergens and nut extracts containing multiple repeats similar to the 13 cp, such as almond (Pru du 6), peanut (Ara h 2) and walnut (Jug r 2). IgE binding to various nut extracts is inhibited by recombinant J2LS sequence and synthetic 31cp. Thus, several repeated sequences similar to the 13cp are bound by IgE. Multiple similar repeats in several allergens could account for reaction severity and clinically relevant cross-reactivity to PN and TN. These findings may help improve detection, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline B Nesbit
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Catherine H Schein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB), TX, United States.
| | - Benjamin A Braun
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, United States
| | - Stephen A Y Gipson
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Hsiaopo Cheng
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Barry K Hurlburt
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Soheila J Maleki
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States.
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Rost J, Muralidharan S, Lee NA. A label-free shotgun proteomics analysis of macadamia nut. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Barashkova AS, Rogozhin EA. Isolation of antimicrobial peptides from different plant sources: Does a general extraction method exist? PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:143. [PMID: 33110440 PMCID: PMC7585225 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants are good sources of biologically active compounds with antimicrobial activity, including polypeptides. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent one of the main barriers of plant innate immunity to environmental stress factors and are attracting much research interest. There are some extraction methods for isolation of AMPs from plant organs based on the type of extractant and initial fractionation stages. But most methods are directed to obtain some specific structural types of AMPs and do not allow to understand the molecular diversity of AMP inside a whole plant. In this mini-review, we suggest an optimized scheme of AMP isolation from plants followed by obtaining a set of peptides belonging to various structural families. This approach can be performed for large-scale screening of plants to identify some novel or homologous AMPs for fundamental and applied studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Barashkova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, Russia 117997
| | - Eugene A. Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, Russia 117997
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, ul. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya, 11, Moscow, Russia 119021
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Zhang J, Payne CD, Pouvreau B, Schaefer H, Fisher MF, Taylor NL, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Rosengren KJ, Mylne JS. An Ancient Peptide Family Buried within Vicilin Precursors. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:979-993. [PMID: 30973714 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
New proteins can evolve by duplication and divergence or de novo, from previously noncoding DNA. A recently observed mechanism is for peptides to evolve within a "host" protein and emerge by proteolytic processing. The first examples of such interstitial peptides were ones hosted by precursors for seed storage albumin. Interstitial peptides have also been observed in precursors for seed vicilins, but current evidence for vicilin-buried peptides (VBPs) is limited to seeds of the broadleaf plants pumpkin and macadamia. Here, an extensive sequence analysis of vicilin precursors suggested that peptides buried within the N-terminal region of preprovicilins are widespread and truly ancient. Gene sequences indicative of interstitial peptides were found in species from Amborellales to eudicots and include important grass and legume crop species. We show the first protein evidence for a monocot VBP in date palm seeds as well as protein evidence from other crops including the common tomato, sesame and pumpkin relatives, cucumber, and the sponge loofah ( Luffa aegyptiaca). Their excision was consistent with asparaginyl endopeptidase-mediated maturation, and sequences were confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings suggest that the family is large and ancient and that based on the NMR solution structures for loofah Luffin P1 and tomato VBP-8, VBPs adopt a helical hairpin fold stapled by two internal disulfide bonds. The first VBPs characterized were a protease inhibitor, antimicrobials, and a ribosome inactivator. The age and evolutionary retention of this peptide family suggest its members play important roles in plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colton D. Payne
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Hanno Schaefer
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Plant Biodiversity Research, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | | | | | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, AgriBio, The Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, AgriBio, The Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - K. Johan Rosengren
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Tang SS, Prodhan ZH, Biswas SK, Le CF, Sekaran SD. Antimicrobial peptides from different plant sources: Isolation, characterisation, and purification. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 154:94-105. [PMID: 30031244 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the self-defence products of organisms, are extensively distributed in plants. They can be classified into several groups, including thionins, defensins, snakins, lipid transfer proteins, glycine-rich proteins, cyclotides and hevein-type proteins. AMPs can be extracted and isolated from different plants and plant organs such as stems, roots, seeds, flowers and leaves. They perform various physiological defensive mechanisms to eliminate viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, and so could be used as therapeutic and preservative agents. Research on AMPs has sought to obtain more detailed and reliable information regarding the selection of suitable plant sources and the use of appropriate isolation and purification techniques, as well as examining the mode of action of these peptides. Well-established AMP purification techniques currently used include salt precipitation methods, absorption-desorption, a combination of ion-exchange and reversed-phase C18 solid phase extraction, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Beyond these traditional methods, this review aims to highlight new and different approaches to the selection, characterisation, isolation, purification, mode of action and bioactivity assessment of a range of AMPs collected from plant sources. The information gathered will be helpful in the search for novel AMPs distributed in the plant kingdom, as well as providing future directions for the further investigation of AMPs for possible use on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee-Seong Tang
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Zakaria H Prodhan
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Sudhangshu K Biswas
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Cheng-Foh Le
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shamala D Sekaran
- Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra Campus, 42610, Jenjarum, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Visser EA, Wegrzyn JL, Myburg AA, Naidoo S. Defence transcriptome assembly and pathogenesis related gene family analysis in Pinus tecunumanii (low elevation). BMC Genomics 2018; 19:632. [PMID: 30139335 PMCID: PMC6108113 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium circinatum is a pressing threat to the cultivation of many economically important pine tree species. Efforts to develop effective disease management strategies can be aided by investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the host-pathogen interaction between F. circinatum and pine species. Pinus tecunumanii and Pinus patula are two closely related tropical pine species that differ widely in their resistance to F. circinatum challenge, being resistant and susceptible respectively, providing the potential for a useful pathosystem to investigate the molecular responses underlying resistance to F. circinatum. However, no genomic resources are available for P. tecunumanii. Pathogenesis-related proteins are classes of proteins that play important roles in plant-microbe interactions, e.g. chitinases; proteins that break down the major structural component of fungal cell walls. Generating a reference sequence for P. tecunumanii and characterizing pathogenesis related gene families in these two pine species is an important step towards unravelling the pine-F. circinatum interaction. RESULTS Eight reference based and 12 de novo assembled transcriptomes were produced, for juvenile shoot tissue from both species. EvidentialGene pipeline redundancy reduction, expression filtering, protein clustering and taxonomic filtering produced a 50 Mb shoot transcriptome consisting of 28,621 contigs for P. tecunumanii and a 72 Mb shoot transcriptome consisting of 52,735 contigs for P. patula. Predicted protein sequences encoded by the assembled transcriptomes were clustered with reference proteomes from 92 other species to identify pathogenesis related gene families in P. patula, P. tecunumanii and other pine species. CONCLUSIONS The P. tecunumanii transcriptome is the first gene catalogue for the species, representing an important resource for studying resistance to the pitch canker pathogen, F. circinatum. This study also constitutes, to our knowledge, the largest index of gymnosperm PR-genes to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A. Visser
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Genomics Research Institute (GRI), University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Jill L. Wegrzyn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | - Alexander A. Myburg
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Genomics Research Institute (GRI), University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Sanushka Naidoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Genomics Research Institute (GRI), University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
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Mesarich CH, Ӧkmen B, Rovenich H, Griffiths SA, Wang C, Karimi Jashni M, Mihajlovski A, Collemare J, Hunziker L, Deng CH, van der Burgt A, Beenen HG, Templeton MD, Bradshaw RE, de Wit PJGM. Specific Hypersensitive Response-Associated Recognition of New Apoplastic Effectors from Cladosporium fulvum in Wild Tomato. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2018; 31:145-162. [PMID: 29144204 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-17-0114-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tomato leaf mold disease is caused by the biotrophic fungus Cladosporium fulvum. During infection, C. fulvum produces extracellular small secreted protein (SSP) effectors that function to promote colonization of the leaf apoplast. Resistance to the disease is governed by Cf immune receptor genes that encode receptor-like proteins (RLPs). These RLPs recognize specific SSP effectors to initiate a hypersensitive response (HR) that renders the pathogen avirulent. C. fulvum strains capable of overcoming one or more of all cloned Cf genes have now emerged. To combat these strains, new Cf genes are required. An effectoromics approach was employed to identify wild tomato accessions carrying new Cf genes. Proteomics and transcriptome sequencing were first used to identify 70 apoplastic in planta-induced C. fulvum SSPs. Based on sequence homology, 61 of these SSPs were novel or lacked known functional domains. Seven, however, had predicted structural homology to antimicrobial proteins, suggesting a possible role in mediating antagonistic microbe-microbe interactions in planta. Wild tomato accessions were then screened for HR-associated recognition of 41 SSPs, using the Potato virus X-based transient expression system. Nine SSPs were recognized by one or more accessions, suggesting that these plants carry new Cf genes available for incorporation into cultivated tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl H Mesarich
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, Institute of Agriculture & Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- 3 Bio-Protection Research Centre, New Zealand
| | - Bilal Ӧkmen
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna Rovenich
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Scott A Griffiths
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Changchun Wang
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- 4 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mansoor Karimi Jashni
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- 5 Department of Plant Pathology, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, P.O. Box 19395‒1454, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aleksandar Mihajlovski
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jérôme Collemare
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Hunziker
- 3 Bio-Protection Research Centre, New Zealand
- 6 Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Cecilia H Deng
- 7 Breeding & Genomics/Bioprotection Portfolio, the New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand; and
| | - Ate van der Burgt
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henriek G Beenen
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew D Templeton
- 3 Bio-Protection Research Centre, New Zealand
- 7 Breeding & Genomics/Bioprotection Portfolio, the New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand; and
| | - Rosie E Bradshaw
- 3 Bio-Protection Research Centre, New Zealand
- 6 Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Pierre J G M de Wit
- 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- 8 Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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A Gene Encoding Scots Pine Antimicrobial Protein Sp-AMP2 (PR-19) Confers Increased Tolerance against Botrytis cinerea in Transgenic Tobacco. FORESTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/f9010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang M, Yue B, Zhang AH, Wang GH, Liu Y, Zhou S, Cheng SF, Li NQ. TC38, a teleost TFPI-2 peptide that kills bacteria via penetration of the cell membrane and interaction with nucleic acids. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 64:104-110. [PMID: 28263880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is an analog of TFPI-1 and a potent endogenous inhibitor of tissue factor (TF)-mediated blood coagulation. Recent reports have proven that the C-terminal of TFPI-2 peptides in humans and several other vertebrates possesses antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In our previous study, we reported that the TFPI-2 peptide, TC38 in tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) was active against Micrococcus luteus. In this study, we further examine the antimicrobial spectrum, mechanism of action, and function of TC38 in tongue sole. Our results indicate that TC38 is active against the Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio ichthyoenteri, Vibrio litoralis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus, as well as the fish Megalocytivirus, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). The mechanism of action of TC38 against V. vulnificus was explored. The results showed that TC38 killed V. vulnificus cells without lysis of the cell membrane. FITC-labeled TC38 was able to penetrate the cell membrane and bind to DNA and RNA, then disrupt cellular function, eventually leading to cell death. Administration of TC38 to tongue sole significantly improved its defense against V. vulnificus infection. Overall, these results indicate that TC38 is a novel peptide with a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Furthermore, the unique action of TC38 against V. vulnificus adds new insights to the mechanism of action of vertebrate TFPI peptides. Moreover, TC38 is an interesting antimicrobial agent that could be useful in the fight against pathogenic invasion in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- Animal lab, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shun-Feng Cheng
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Ning-Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
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Xie Z, Saha N, Chlan C. Antimicrobial Activity of a Cys-Rich Peptide Derived from a <i>Centrosema virginianum</i> Vicilin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2016.71011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Ennaas N, Hammami R, Beaulieu L, Fliss I. Purification and characterization of four antibacterial peptides from protamex hydrolysate of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) by-products. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 462:195-200. [PMID: 25934151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proteins from fish by-product sources are valuable source of bioactive peptides and show promise as functional foods ingredients. The objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize antibacterial peptides from protamex hydrolysates of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) by-products. Four sequences SIFIQRFTT (P4), RKSGDPLGR (P8.1), AKPGDGAGSGPR (P8.2) and GLPGPLGPAGPK (P11) were identified in peptide fractions separated using RP-HPLC. At 200 μg mL(-1), while peptides P8.1, P8.2 and P11 exhibited partial inhibition, P4 totally inhibited tested Gram-positive (Listeria innocua) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial strains. These results suggest that the protein hydrolysate derived from mackerel by-products could be used as an antimicrobial ingredient in both functional food and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ennaas
- STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Riadh Hammami
- STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Lucie Beaulieu
- STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Department of Biology, Chemistry and Geography, Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Ismail Fliss
- STELA Dairy Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Plant antimicrobial peptides as potential anticancer agents. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:735087. [PMID: 25815333 PMCID: PMC4359852 DOI: 10.1155/2015/735087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms and are promising candidates to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria to animals and humans. AMPs also display anticancer activities because of their ability to inactivate a wide range of cancer cells. Cancer remains a cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the development of methods for its control is desirable. Attractive alternatives include plant AMP thionins, defensins, and cyclotides, which have anticancer activities. Here, we provide an overview of plant AMPs anticancer activities, with an emphasis on their mode of action, their selectivity, and their efficacy.
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Hung CY, Umstead ML, Chen J, Holliday BM, Kittur FS, Henny RJ, Burkey KO, Xie J. Differential expression of a novel gene EaF82a in green and yellow sectors of variegated Epipremnum aureum leaves is related to uneven distribution of auxin. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 152:749-62. [PMID: 24796240 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
EaF82, a gene identified in previous studies of the variegated plant Epipremnum aureum, exhibited a unique expression pattern with greater transcript abundance in yellow sectors than green sectors of variegated leaves, but lower abundance in regenerated pale yellow plants than in green plants derived from leaf tissue culture. Studies of its full-length cDNA and promoter region revealed two members with only the EaF82a expressed. Immunoblotting confirmed that EaF82a encodes a 12 kDa protein and its accumulation consistent with its gene expression patterns in different color tissues. Transient expression of EaF82a-sGFP fusion proteins in protoplasts showed that EaF82a seems to be present in the cytosol as unidentified spots. Sequence motif search reveals a potential auxin responsive element in promoter region. Using transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings carrying EaF82a promoter driving the bacterial uidA (GUS) gene, an increased GUS activity was observed when IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) concentration was elevated. In E. aureum, EaF82a is more abundant at the site where axillary buds emerge and at the lower side of bending nodes where more IAA accumulates relative to the upper side. The measurement of endogenous IAA levels in different color tissues revealed the same pattern of IAA distribution as that of EaF82a expression, further supporting that EaF82a is an IAA responsive gene. EaF82a expression in etiolated transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings responded to IAA under the influence of light suggesting a microenvironment of uneven light condition affects the EaF82a transcript levels and protein accumulation in variegated leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Yueh Hung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, 27707, USA
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18
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Kambiranda D, Katam R, Basha SM, Siebert S. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics of developing and ripening muscadine grape berry. J Proteome Res 2013; 13:555-69. [PMID: 24251720 DOI: 10.1021/pr400731p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Grapes are among the widely cultivated fruit crops in the world. Grape berries like other nonclimacteric fruits undergo a complex set of dynamic, physical, physiological, and biochemical changes during ripening. Muscadine grapes are widely cultivated in the southern United States for fresh fruit and wine. To date, changes in the metabolites composition of muscadine grapes have been well documented; however, the molecular changes during berry development and ripening are not fully known. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the berry proteome during ripening in muscadine grape cv. Noble. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) MS/MS was used to detect statistically significant changes in the berry proteome. A total of 674 proteins were detected, and 76 were differentially expressed across four time points in muscadine berry. Proteins obtained were further analyzed to provide information about its potential functions during ripening. Several proteins involved in abiotic and biotic stimuli and sucrose and hexose metabolism were upregulated during berry ripening. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis validated the protein expression results for nine proteins. Identification of vicilin-like antimicrobial peptides indicates additional disease tolerance proteins are present in muscadines for berry protection during ripening. The results provide new information for characterization and understanding muscadine berry proteome and grape ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaiah Kambiranda
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, Florida A&M University , 6505 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32317, United States
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Liu JJ, Zamany A, Sniezko RA. Anti-microbial peptide (AMP): nucleotide variation, gene expression, and host resistance in the white pine blister rust (WPBR) pathosystem. PLANTA 2013; 237:43-54. [PMID: 22968909 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pinus monticola antimicrobial peptide (PmAMP1) inhibits growth of Cronartium ribicola and other fungal pathogens. C. ribicola causes white pine blister rust and has resulted in a dramatic reduction of native white pines across North America. Quantitative disease resistance (QDR) is a highly desirable trait screened in breeding programs for durable resistance against C. ribicola. Along with phenotyping on a collection of germplasms, we analyzed PmAMP1 transcript and protein expression and re-sequenced the full-length gene including its promoter region. A mixed linear model was used to identify the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with accumulated protein and stem QDR levels. Among 16 PmAMP1 SNPs identified in the present study, we found an association of protein levels with 6 SNPs (P < 0.05), including 2 in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR), 3 in the open reading frame (ORF) region with 2 nonsynonymous SNPs, and 1 SNP in the 3'-UTR. Another set of six SNPs was associated with stem QDR levels (P < 0.05), with one localized in the promoter region and the other five in the ORF region with four nonsynonymous changes, suggesting that multiple isoforms may have antifungal activity to differing degrees. Of three common PmAMP1 haplotypes, the trees with haplotype 2 showed high QDR levels with moderate protein abundance while those trees with haplotype 3 exhibited low QDR levels in the susceptible range and the lowest level of protein accumulation. Thus, an association of gene variations with protein abundance and resistance-related traits may facilitate elucidation of physiological contribution of PmAMP1 to host resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Liu
- Natural Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada.
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20
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21
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Verma SS, Yajima WR, Rahman MH, Shah S, Liu JJ, Ekramoddoullah AKM, Kav NNV. A cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from Pinus monticola (PmAMP1) confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens in canola (Brassica napus). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 79:61-74. [PMID: 22351159 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-012-9895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus), an agriculturally important oilseed crop, can be significantly affected by diseases such as sclerotinia stem rot, blackleg, and alternaria black spot resulting in significant loss of crop productivity and quality. Cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides isolated from plants have emerged as a potential resource for protection of plants against phytopathogens. Here we report the significance of an antimicrobial peptide, PmAMP1, isolated from western white pine (Pinus monticola), in providing canola with resistance against multiple phytopathogenic fungi. The cDNA encoding PmAMP1 was successfully incorporated into the genome of B. napus, and it's in planta expression conferred greater protection against Alternaria brassicae, Leptosphaeria maculans and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In vitro experiments with proteins extracted from transgenic canola expressing Pm-AMP1 demonstrated its inhibitory activity by reducing growth of fungal hyphae. In addition, the in vitro synthesized peptide also inhibited the growth of the fungi. These results demonstrate that generating transgenic crops expressing PmAMP1 may be an effective and versatile method to protect susceptible crops against multiple phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv S Verma
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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22
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R Shukurov R, D Voblikova V, Nikonorova AK, Komakhin RA, V Komakhina V, A Egorov T, V Grishin E, V Babakov A. Transformation of tobacco and Arabidopsis plants with Stellaria media genes encoding novel hevein-like peptides increases their resistance to fungal pathogens. Transgenic Res 2012; 21:313-25. [PMID: 21706181 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-011-9534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two novel antifungal hevein-like peptides, SmAMP1.1a and SmAMP2.2a, were previously isolated from seeds of Stellaria media. It has been established that these peptides accumulate in this weed as a result of proteolysis of two propeptides, pro-SmAMP1 and pro-SmAMP2. The primary structure of these propeptides is unique; in addition to having a signal peptide and negatively charged C-terminus, each of these structures consists of two hevein-like peptides of different length separated by a space rather than a single peptide. In this work, we demonstrated that the expression of the pro-SmAMP1 and pro-SmAMP2 genes was tissue-specific and increased substantially under exposure to fungal infection. To elucidate whether S. media has any advantages in defending against phytopathogens due to its unusual structure of pro-SmAMP1 and pro-SmAMP2, on the basis of the pro-SmAMP1 gene, we created three genetic constructs. Arabidopsis and tobacco plants were subsequently transformed with these constructs. Transgenic plants bearing the full-length pro-SmAMP1 gene exhibited the best resistance to the phytopathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana and Thielaviopsis basicola. The resistance of S. media plants to phytopathogenic fungi was likely due to the fungal-inducible expression of pro-SmAMP1 and pro-SmAMP2 genes, and due to the specific features of the primary structure of the corresponding propeptides. As a result of the processing of these propeptides, two different antimicrobial peptides were released simultaneously. Based on our results, we conclude that the genes for antimicrobial peptides from S. media may be promising genetic tools for the improvement of plant resistance to fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim R Shukurov
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow, 127550, Russia.
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23
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López-García B, San Segundo B, Coca M. Antimicrobial Peptides as a Promising Alternative for Plant Disease Protection. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1095.ch013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. López-García
- CRAG-Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Edificio CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. San Segundo
- CRAG-Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Edificio CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Coca
- CRAG-Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Edificio CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Identifying therapeutic template by evaluating the structural stability of gram positive anti-bacterial peptides-a computational approach. Interdiscip Sci 2011; 3:182-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-011-0088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Canales J, Avila C, Cánovas FM. A maritime pine antimicrobial peptide involved in ammonium nutrition. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2011; 34:1443-1453. [PMID: 21535015 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A large family of small cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is involved in the innate defence of plants against pathogens. Recently, it has been shown that AMPs may also play important roles in plant growth and development. In previous work, we have identified a gene of the AMP β-barrelin family that was differentially regulated in the roots of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) in response to changes in ammonium nutrition. Here, we present the molecular characterization of two AMP genes, PpAMP1 and PpAMP2, showing different molecular structure and physicochemical properties. PpAMP1 and PpAMP2 displayed different expression patterns in maritime pine seedlings and adult trees. Furthermore, our expression analyses indicate that PpAMP1 is the major form of AMP in the tree, and its relative abundance is regulated by ammonium availability. In contrast, PpAMP2 is expressed at much lower levels and it is not regulated by ammonium. To gain new insights into the function of PpAMP1, we over-expressed the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli and demonstrated that PpAMP1 strongly inhibited yeast growth, indicating that it exhibits antimicrobial activity. We have also found that PpAMP1 alters ammonium uptake, suggesting that it is involved in the regulation of ammonium ion flux into pine roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Canales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto Andaluz de Biotecnología, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, 29071-Málaga, Spain
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26
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Zamany A, Liu JJ, Ekramoddoullah A, Sniezko R. Antifungal activity of a Pinus monticola antimicrobial peptide 1 (Pm-AMP1) and its accumulation in western white pine infected with Cronartium ribicola. Can J Microbiol 2011; 57:667-79. [PMID: 21823970 DOI: 10.1139/w11-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pinus monticola antimicrobial peptide 1 (Pm-AMP1) was expressed and purified from bacterial cell lysate and its identity and purity confirmed by Western blot analysis using the Pm-AMP1 antibody. Application of Pm-AMP1 resulted in visible hyphal growth inhibition of Cronartium ribicola , Phellinus sulphurascens , Ophiostoma montium , and Ophiostoma clavigerum 3–12 days post-treatment. Pm-AMP1 also inhibited spore germination of several other phytopathogenic fungi by 32%–84% 5 days post-treatment. Microscopic examination of C. ribicola hyphae in contact with Pm-AMP1 showed distinct morphological changes. Seven western white pine ( Pinus monticola Douglas ex D. Don) families (Nos. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10) showing partial resistance to C. ribicola in the form of bark reaction (BR) were assessed by Western immunoblot for associations between Pm-AMP1 accumulation and family, phenotype, canker number, and virulence of C. ribicola. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in mean Pm-AMP1 protein accumulation between families, with higher levels detected in the full-sib BR families (Nos. 1, 2, 5) than the half-sib BR families (Nos. 6, 7). Family 8, previously described as a Mechanism ‘X’ BR family, had the highest number of BR seedlings and displayed high Pm-AMP1 levels, whereas the susceptible family (No. 10) showed the lowest levels (p < 0.05). Family 1 showed a significant association between Pm-AMP1 accumulation and overall seedling health (p < 0.01, R = 0.533), with higher protein levels observed in healthy versus severely infected seedlings. In general, low Pm-AMP1 levels were observed with an increase in the number of cankers per seedling (p < 0.05), and seedlings inoculated with the avirulent source of C. ribicola showed significantly higher Pm-AMP1 levels (p < 0.05) in the majority of BR families. Cis-acting regulatory elements, such as CCAAT binding factors, and an AG-motif binding protein were identified in the Pm-AMP1 promoter region. Multiple polymorphic sites were identified within the 5′ untranslated region and promoter regions. Our results suggest that Pm-AMP1 is involved in the western white pine defense response to fungal infection, as observed by its antifungal activity on C. ribicola and a range of phytopathogens as well as through its association with different indicators of resistance to C. ribicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Zamany
- Natural Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Jun-Jun Liu
- Natural Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Abul Ekramoddoullah
- Natural Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Richard Sniezko
- USDA Forest Service – Dorena Genetic Resource Center, 34963 Shoreview Road, Cottage Grove, OR 97424, USA
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Song KJ, Park BR, Kim SY, Park KS. Molecular characterization of anionic defensin-like peptide in immune response of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera). Genes Genomics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-010-0038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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28
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Abstract
Recent bioinformatic analyses of sequenced plant genomes reveal a previously unrecognized abundance of genes encoding antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptides, representing a formidable and dynamic defense arsenal against plant pests and pathogens. Recent bioinformatic analyses of sequenced plant genomes reveal a previously unrecognized abundance of genes encoding antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptides, representing a formidable and dynamic defense arsenal against plant pests and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Manners
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Carmody Road, St Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Australia.
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29
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Abstract
Extracellular plant peptides perform a large variety of functions, including signalling and defence. Intracellular peptides often have physiological functions or may merely be the products of general proteolysis. Plant peptides have been identified and, in part, functionally characterized through biochemical and genetic studies, which are lengthy and in some cases impractical. Peptidomics is a branch of proteomics that has been developed over the last 5 years, and has been used mainly to study neuropeptides in animals and the degradome of proteases. Peptidomics is a fast, efficient methodology that can detect minute and transient amounts of peptides and identify their post-translational modifications. This review describes known plant peptides and introduces the use of peptidomics for the detection of novel plant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Farrokhi
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pajoohesh Blvd., Tehran-Karaj Highway, 17th Km., Tehran, Iran.
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Sturrock RN, Islam MA, Ekramoddoullah AKM. Host-Pathogen Interactions in Douglas-Fir Seedlings Infected by Phellinus sulphurascens. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2007; 97:1406-14. [PMID: 18943509 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-97-11-1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Several aspects of the host-pathogen interaction between Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and the fungal pathogen Phellinus sulphurascens were investigated in an in vitro inoculation system using young seedlings and fungal mycelia. Light microscopy confirmed that P. sulphurascens mycelia can successfully penetrate host epidermal cells within 3 days postinoculation (dpi). Extensive fungal colonization and cortical cell decay occurred within 14 dpi. Western immunoblot studies showed significant upregulation (five to sixfold) of four specific pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in infected roots. These proteins were a Douglas-fir thaumatin-like protein (PmTLP), an endochitinase protein (ECP), a Douglas-fir PR10 (DF-PR10) protein (PsemI), and a 10.6-kDa antimicrobial peptide (PmAMP1). The highest accumulation of PmTLP and PmAMP1 occurred at 12 dpi, whereas accumulations of the ECP and DF-PR10 proteins peaked at 7 dpi. For both inoculated and control Douglas-fir seedlings, only one of the four PR proteins, PmAMP1, was clearly detectable in needles. Immunolocalization experiments using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated secondary antibodies confirmed accumulation of all four PR proteins mainly in and around cell walls of root cortical tissues. Overall, the highest immunofluorescence was observed in infected roots at 12 dpi, whereas labeling in control roots was negligible at all sample times. The ECP produced the highest fluorescence; the DF-PR10 the lowest. Upregulation and localization of these PR proteins in cortical tissues of inoculated roots suggest that they play a defensive role in response to infection by P. sulphurascens. This in vitro inoculation system will facilitate further proteomic and genomic studies of this important pathosystem.
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Isolation and Purification of Novel Anti-Fungal Peptides from Hemolymph of Immunized Larvae of Housefly, Musca domestica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2006.16.3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Ekramoddoullah AKM, Liu JJ, Zamani A. Cloning and Characterization of a Putative Antifungal Peptide Gene (Pm-AMP1) in Pinus monticola. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2006; 96:164-170. [PMID: 18943919 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-96-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We have been working on proteins that are involved in the defense response of western white pine (WWP) (Pinus monitcola) to the blister rust fungus Cronartium ribicola. Our objective was to identify candidate genes that could be used for improving resistance of WWP to this rust pathogen. During proteomic analysis of bark proteins extracted from WWP trees exhibiting slow-canker-growth (SCG) resistance, a 10.6-kDa peptide, termed Pm-AMP1, was found to be enriched at the receding canker margin. The cDNA encoding this peptide was cloned and characterized. A BLASTX search revealed that the Pm-AMP1 encoded by its cDNA has a 50% homology with MiAMP1, a broad-spectrum antifungal protein isolated from Macadamia integrifolia. Based on the deduced amino acid sequence, an antibody was produced against the Pm-AMP1. Immunochemical quantification of the Pm-AMP1 in bark samples of susceptible WWP trees revealed this protein to be barely detectable in the cankered tissues, but occurring in higher concentrations in healthy tissues away from canker margins. Foliage of SCG-resistant trees contained higher concentrations of the Pm-AMP1 than foliage from susceptible cankered trees. Both wounding and methyl jasmonate treatment of WWP needles induced the expression of this protein, further supporting its putative role as a defense response protein.
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Stephens C, Kazan K, Goulter KC, Maclean DJ, Manners JM. The mode of action of the plant antimicrobial peptide MiAMP1 differs from that of its structural homologue, the yeast killer toxin WmKT. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2005; 243:205-10. [PMID: 15668020 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Revised: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 12/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant antimicrobial peptide MiAMP1 from Macadamia integrifolia and the yeast killer toxin peptide WmKT from Williopsis mrakii are structural homologues. Comparative studies of yeast mutants were performed to test their sensitivity to these two antimicrobial peptides. No differences in susceptibility to MiAMP1 were detected between wild-type and several WmKT-resistant mutant yeast strains. A yeast mutant MT1, resistant to MiAMP1 but unaffected in its susceptibility to plant defensins and hydrogen peroxide, also did not show enhanced tolerance towards WmKT. It is therefore probable that the Greek key beta-barrel structure shared by MiAMP1 and WmKT provides a robust structural framework ensuring stability for the two proteins but that the specific action of the peptides depends on other motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Stephens
- Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Protection, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
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Stephens C, Harrison SJ, Kazan K, Smith FWN, Goulter KC, Maclean DJ, Manners JM. Altered fungal sensitivity to a plant antimicrobial peptide through over-expression of yeast cDNAs. Curr Genet 2005; 47:194-201. [PMID: 15700139 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-005-0562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2004] [Revised: 12/22/2004] [Accepted: 12/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A yeast cDNA expression library was screened to identify genes and cellular processes that influence fungal sensitivity to a plant antimicrobial peptide. A plasmid-based, GAL1 promoter-driven yeast cDNA expression library was introduced into a yeast genotype susceptible to the antimicrobial peptide MiAMP1 purified from Macadamia integrifolia. Following a screen of 20,000 cDNAs, three yeast cDNAs were identified that reproducibly provided transformants with galactose-dependent resistance to MiAMP1. These cDNAs encoded a protein of unknown function, a component (VMA11) of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase and a component (cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, respectively. To identify genes that increased sensitivity to MiAMP1, the yeast cDNA expression library was introduced into a yeast mutant with increased resistance to MiAMP1. From 11,000 cDNAs screened, two cDNA clones corresponding to a ser/thr kinase and a ser/thr phosphatase reproducibly increased MiAMP1 susceptibility in the mutant in a galactose-dependent manner. Deletion mutants were available for three of the five genes identified but showed no change in their sensitivity to MiAMP1, indicating that these genes could not be detected by screening of yeast deletion mutant libraries. Yeast cDNA expression library screening therefore provides an alternative approach to gene deletion libraries to identify genes that can influence the sensitivity of fungi to plant antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Stephens
- Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Protection, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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Craik DJ, Daly NL, Plan MR, Salim AA, Sando L. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PLANT TOXINS (WITH EMPHASIS ON CYSTINE KNOT TOXINS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/txr-120014405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bruenn J. Novel methods of introducing pest and disease resistance to crop plants. GENETIC ENGINEERING 2001; 22:11-22. [PMID: 11501373 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4199-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bruenn
- Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY/Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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Wang X, Bauw G, Van Damme EJ, Peumans WJ, Chen ZL, Van Montagu M, Angenon G, Dillen W. Gastrodianin-like mannose-binding proteins: a novel class of plant proteins with antifungal properties. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2001; 25:651-661. [PMID: 11319032 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The orchid Gastrodia elata depends on the fungus Armillaria mellea to complete its life cycle. In the interaction, fungal hyphae penetrate older, nutritive corms but not newly formed corms. From these corms, a protein fraction with in vitro activity against plant-pathogenic fungi has previously been purified. Here, the sequence of gastrodianin, the main constituent of the antifungal fraction, is reported. Four isoforms that encoded two different mature proteins were identified at the cDNA level. Another isoform was detected in sequenced peptides. Because the antifungal activity of gastrodianins produced in and purified from Escherichia coli and Nicotiana tabacum was comparable to that of gastrodianin purified from the orchid, gastrodianins are the active component of the antifungal fractions. Gastrodianin accumulation is probably an important part of the mechanism by which the orchid controls Armillaria penetration. Gastrodianin was found to be homologous to monomeric mannose-binding proteins of other orchids, of which at least one (Epipactis helleborine mannose-binding protein) also displayed in vitro antifungal activity. This establishes the gastrodianin-like proteins (GLIPs) as a novel class of antifungal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Vakgroep Moleculaire Genetica en Departement Plantengenetica, Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Plant antifungal peptides and their use in transgenic food crops. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1874-5334(01)80008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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McManus AM, Nielsen KJ, Marcus JP, Harrison SJ, Green JL, Manners JM, Craik DJ. MiAMP1, a novel protein from Macadamia integrifolia adopts a Greek key beta-barrel fold unique amongst plant antimicrobial proteins. J Mol Biol 1999; 293:629-38. [PMID: 10543955 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MiAMP1 is a recently discovered 76 amino acid residue, highly basic protein from the nut kernel of Macadamia integrifolia which possesses no sequence homology to any known protein and inhibits the growth of several microbial plant pathogens in vitro while having no effect on mammalian or plant cells. It is considered to be a potentially useful tool for the genetic engineering of disease resistance in transgenic crop plants and for the design of new fungicides. The three-dimensional structure of MiAMP1 was determined through homonuclear and heteronuclear ((15)N) 2D NMR spectroscopy and subsequent simulated annealing calculations with the ultimate aim of understanding the structure-activity relationships of the protein. MiAMP1 is made up of eight beta-strands which are arranged in two Greek key motifs. These Greek key motifs associate to form a Greek key beta-barrel. This structure is unique amongst plant antimicrobial proteins and forms a new class which we term the beta-barrelins. Interestingly, the structure of MiAMP1 bears remarkable similarity to a yeast killer toxin from Williopsis mrakii. This toxin acts by inhibiting beta-glucan synthesis and thereby cell wall construction in sensitive strains of yeast. The structural similarity of MiAMP1 and WmKT, which originate from plant and fungal phyla respectively, may reflect a similar mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M McManus
- Centre for Drug Design and Development, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Marcus JP, Green JL, Goulter KC, Manners JM. A family of antimicrobial peptides is produced by processing of a 7S globulin protein in Macadamia integrifolia kernels. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1999; 19:699-710. [PMID: 10571855 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00569.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A new family of antimicrobial peptides has been discovered in Macadamia integrifolia. The first member of this new family to be purified from nut kernels was a peptide of 45 aa residues, termed MiAMP2c. This peptide inhibited various plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. cDNA clones corresponding to MiAMP2c encoded a 666 aa precursor protein homologous to vicilin 7S globulin proteins. The deduced precursor protein sequence contained a putative hydrophobic N-terminal signal sequence (28 aa), an extremely hydrophilic N-proximal region (212 aa), and a C-terminal region of 426 aa which is represented in all vicilins. The hydrophilic portion of the deduced protein contained the sequence for MiAMP2c as well as three additional segments having the same cysteine spacing pattern as MiAMP2c. Each member of the MiAMP2 family (i.e. MiAMP2a, b, c and d) consisted of approximately 50 amino acids and contained a C-X-X-X-C-(10-12)X-C-X-X-X-C motif. Subsequent isolations from seed exudates led to the purification of the predicted family members MiAMP2b and 2d, both of which also exhibited antimicrobial activity in vitro. These results suggest that some vicilins play a role in defence during seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Marcus
- Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Pathology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Liang JF, Kim SC. Not only the nature of peptide but also the characteristics of cell membrane determine the antimicrobial mechanism of a peptide. THE JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PEPTIDE SOCIETY 1999; 53:518-22. [PMID: 10424346 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.1999.00051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of antimicrobial actions of magainin 2, buforin II and poly L-lysine against various Escherichia coli strains were studied. Poly L-lysine inhibited BL21, AD 434 and GroE+/DnaK+ growth without lysing the cell. Magainin 2 had a pore-forming activity on BL 21 and AD 434 membrane but could not inhibit the GroE+/DnaK+ growth in a nutrient-rich medium. Buforin II, which killed BL21 and AD 434 without cell membrane damage, lysed GroE+/DnaK+ to death. Once they were introduced into the cell by electroporation, all three peptides were able to inhibit cell growth at concentrations of 10 times lower than their MICs. These results indicate that the nature of the peptide and also the characteristics of the cell membrane determine the antimicrobial actions of a peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Harrison SJ, McManus AM, Marcus JP, Goulter KC, Green JL, Nielsen KJ, Craik DJ, Maclean DJ, Manners JM. Purification and characterization of a plant antimicrobial peptide expressed in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 1999; 15:171-7. [PMID: 10049672 DOI: 10.1006/prep.1998.0992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MiAMP1 is a low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich, antimicrobial peptide isolated from the nut kernel of Macadamia integrifolia. A DNA sequence encoding MiAMP1 with an additional ATG start codon was cloned into a modified pET vector under the control of the T7 RNA polymerase promoter. The pET vector was cotransformed together with the vector pSB161, which expresses a rare arginine tRNA. The peptide was readily isolated in high yield from the insoluble fraction of the Escherichia coli extract. The purified peptide was shown to have an identical molecular weight to the native peptide by mass spectroscopy indicating that the N-terminal methionine had been cleaved. Analysis by NMR spectroscopy indicated that the refolded recombinant peptide had a similar overall three-dimensional structure to that of the native peptide. The peptide inhibited the growth of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro in a similar manner to the native peptide. To our knowledge, MiAMP1 is the first antimicrobial peptide from plants to be functionally expressed in E. coli. This will permit a detailed structure-function analysis of the peptide and studies of its mode of action on phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Harrison
- Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Pathology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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Park CB, Kim HS, Kim SC. Mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide buforin II: buforin II kills microorganisms by penetrating the cell membrane and inhibiting cellular functions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 244:253-7. [PMID: 9514864 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 612] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of action of buforin II, which is a 21-amino acid peptide with a potent antimicrobial activity against a broad range of microorganisms, was studied using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled buforin II and a gel-retardation experiment. Its mechanism of action was compared with that of the well-characterized magainin 2, which has a pore-forming activity on the cell membrane. Buforin II killed Esche-richia coli without lysing the cell membrane even at 5 times minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at which buforin II reduced the viable cell numbers by 6 orders of magnitude. However, magainin 2 lysed the cell to death under the same condition. FITC-labeled buforin II was found to penetrate the cell membrane and accumulate inside E. coli even below its MIC, whereas FITC-labeled magainin 2 remained outside or on the cell wall even at its MIC. The gel-retardation experiment showed that buforin II bound to DNA and RNA of the cells over 20 times strongly than magainin 2. All these results indicate that buforin II inhibits the cellular functions by binding to DNA and RNA of cells after penetrating the cell membranes, resulting in the rapid cell death, which is quite different from that of magainin 2 even though they are structurally similar: a linear amphipathic alpha-helical peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejeon
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Tailor RH, Acland DP, Attenborough S, Cammue BP, Evans IJ, Osborn RW, Ray JA, Rees SB, Broekaert WF. A novel family of small cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides from seed of Impatiens balsamina is derived from a single precursor protein. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:24480-7. [PMID: 9305910 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.39.24480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Four closely related peptides were isolated from seed of Impatiens balsamina and were shown to be inhibitory to the growth of a range of fungi and bacteria, while not being cytotoxic to cultured human cells. The peptides, designated Ib-AMP1, Ib-AMP2, Ib-AMP3, and Ib-AMP4, are 20 amino acids long and are the smallest plant-derived antimicrobial peptides isolated to date. The Ib-AMPs (I. balsamina antimicrobial peptides) are highly basic and contain four cysteine residues which form two intramolecular disulfide bonds. Searches of protein data bases have failed to identify any proteins with significant homology to the peptides described here. Characterization of isolated cDNAs reveals that all four peptides are encoded within a single transcript. The predicted Ib-AMP precursor protein consists of a prepeptide followed by 6 mature peptide domains, each flanked by propeptide domains ranging from 16 to 35 amino acids in length. Such a primary structure with repeated alternating basic mature peptide domains and acidic propeptide domains has, to date, not been reported in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Tailor
- Zeneca Agrochemicals, Jealott's Hill Research Station, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
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