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Shen D, Lang Y, Chu F, Wu X, Wang Y, Zheng X, Zhang HL, Zhu J, Liu K. Roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Guillain-Barré syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis: beneficial or harmful? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:567-577. [PMID: 29856236 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1484109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), which may offer an opportunity for the development of the novel therapeutic strategies for GBS. Areas covered: 'macrophage migration inhibitory factor' and 'Guillain-Barré syndrome' were used as keywords to search for related publications on Pub-Med, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA. MIF is involved in the etiology of various inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. However, the roles of MIF in GBS and EAN have not been summarized in the publications we identified. Therefore, in this review, we described and analyzed the major roles of MIF in GBS/EAN. Primarily, this molecule aggravates the inflammatory responses in this disorder. However, multiple studies indicated a protective role of MIF in GBS. The potential of MIF as a therapeutic target in GBS has been recently demonstrated in experimental and clinical studies, although clinical trials have been unavailable to date. Expert opinion: MIF plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of GBS and EAN, and it may represent a potential therapeutic target for GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Shen
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Yue Lang
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Fengna Chu
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Ying Wang
- b Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society , Division of Neurodegeneration, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- c Department of Life Sciences , the National Natural Science Foundation of China , Beijing , China
| | - Jie Zhu
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China.,b Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society , Division of Neurodegeneration, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- a Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology , The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University , Changchun , China
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Therapeutic Effects of Ribunucleinate (Ribonucleotides) in Immuno-Inflammatory and Arthritic Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 70:35-89. [PMID: 26462364 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0927-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acids from different organs and from yeast have been used for the treatment of chronic and degenerative diseases in the context of naturopathic medicine in the last 60 years. This chapter provides general information about ribonucleinates as therapeutic agents. Past and present pharmacological and clinical investigations are discussed in the field of the central nervous system, sensory organs, cancer and degenerative diseases of joints and vertebra.
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Wang YZ, Tian FF, Liu H, Zhang W, Li J, Xiao B, Zhou WB. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is necessary for the Lipo-oligosaccharide-induced response by modulation of Toll-like receptor 4 in monocytes from GBS patients. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 257:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Benichou G, Tonsho M, Tocco G, Nadazdin O, Madsen JC. Innate immunity and resistance to tolerogenesis in allotransplantation. Front Immunol 2012; 3:73. [PMID: 22566954 PMCID: PMC3342343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of immunosuppressive drugs to control adaptive immune responses has led to the success of transplantation as a therapy for end-stage organ failure. However, these agents are largely ineffective in suppressing components of the innate immune system. This distinction has gained in clinical significance as mounting evidence now indicates that innate immune responses play important roles in the acute and chronic rejection of whole organ allografts. For instance, whereas clinical interest in natural killer (NK) cells was once largely confined to the field of bone marrow transplantation, recent findings suggest that these cells can also participate in the acute rejection of cardiac allografts and prevent tolerance induction. Stimulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), another important component of innate immunity, by endogenous ligands released in response to ischemia/reperfusion is now known to cause an inflammatory milieu favorable to graft rejection and abrogation of tolerance. Emerging data suggest that activation of complement is linked to acute rejection and interferes with tolerance. In summary, the conventional wisdom that the innate immune system is of little importance in whole organ transplantation is no longer tenable. The addition of strategies that target TLRs, NK cells, complement, and other components of the innate immune system will be necessary to eventually achieve long-term tolerance to human allograft recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Benichou
- Transplant Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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de Dios Rosado J, Rodriguez-Sosa M. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF): a key player in protozoan infections. Int J Biol Sci 2011; 7:1239-56. [PMID: 22110378 PMCID: PMC3221362 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by the pituitary gland and multiple cell types, including macrophages (Mø), dendritic cells (DC) and T-cells. Upon releases MIF modulates the expression of several inflammatory molecules, such as TNF-α, nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). These important MIF characteristics have prompted investigators to study its role in parasite infections. Several reports have demonstrated that MIF plays either a protective or deleterious role in the immune response to different pathogens. Here, we review the role of MIF in the host defense response to some important protozoan infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 54090 Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
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Liang T, Zhang C, Song J, Jiang S, Hao J, Hou G. Evaluation of 131I-anti-MIF mAb as a reporter for allograft rejection. Clin Immunol 2011; 139:40-7. [PMID: 21273133 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Finding a specific agent will be useful for monitoring allorejection in clinic. The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was reported to be one of the major cytokines involved in allorejection. In this study, we evaluated whether (131)I-anti-MIF mAb could be an efficient imaging reporter for monitoring allorejection. (131)I-anti-MIF mAb or control (131)I-IgG was injected to skin allotransplantation mice and T/NT ratios were evaluated. The imaging changes of grafts were dynamically displayed by whole-body images. The results showed that up-regulation of MIF expression was found in allografts but not in isografts. During the whole progression of rejection, the T/NT ratio in the (131)I-anti-MIF mAb group was significantly higher than that in the (131)I-IgG group and markedly increased on the top of rejection. The graft-rejection could also be shown more clearly in the (131)I-anti-MIF mAb group by whole-body imaging. These results implied that (131)I-anti-MIF mAb may be a valid method for facilitating the development of protocols to monitor allorejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Aigner A. Delivery systems for the direct application of siRNAs to induce RNA interference (RNAi) in vivo. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2006:71659. [PMID: 17057369 PMCID: PMC1559929 DOI: 10.1155/jbb/2006/71659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful method for specific gene
silencing which may also lead to promising novel therapeutic
strategies. It is mediated through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)
which sequence-specifically trigger the cleavage and subsequent
degradation of their target mRNA. One critical factor is the
ability to deliver intact siRNAs into target cells/organs in vivo.
This review highlights the mechanism of RNAi and the guidelines
for the design of optimal siRNAs. It gives an overview of studies
based on the systemic or local application of naked siRNAs or the
use of various nonviral siRNA delivery systems. One promising
avenue is the the complexation of siRNAs with the polyethylenimine
(PEI), which efficiently stabilizes siRNAs and, upon systemic
administration, leads to the delivery of the intact siRNAs into
different organs. The antitumorigenic effects of
PEI/siRNA-mediated in vivo gene-targeting of tumor-relevant
proteins like in mouse tumor xenograft models are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Aigner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-v.-Frisch-Strasse 1, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- *Achim Aigner:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by many tissues including pancreatic beta-cells. METHODS This study investigates the impact of MIF on islet transplantation using MIF knock-out (MIFko) mice. RESULTS Early islet function, assessed with a syngeneic marginal islet mass transplant model, was enhanced when using MIFko islets (P<0.05 compared with wild-type [WT] controls). This result was supported by increased in vitro resistance of MIFko islets to apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotide tranferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay), and by improved glucose metabolism (lower blood glucose levels, reduced glucose areas under curve and higher insulin release during intraperitoneal glucose challenges, and in vitro in the absence of MIF, P<0.01). The beneficial impact of MIFko islets was insufficient to delay allogeneic islet rejection. However, the rejection of WT islet allografts was marginally delayed in MIFko recipients by 6 days when compared with WT recipient (P<0.05). This effect is supported by the lower activity of MIF-deficient macrophages, assessed in vitro and in vivo by cotransplantation of islet/macrophages. Leukocyte infiltration of the graft and donor-specific lymphocyte activity (mixed lymphocyte reaction, interferon gamma ELISPOT) were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION These data indicate that targeting MIF has the potential to improve early function after syngeneic islet transplantation, but has only a marginal impact on allogeneic rejection.
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Toso C, Emamaullee JA, Merani S, Shapiro AMJ. The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on glucose metabolism and diabetes. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1937-46. [PMID: 18612626 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in many inflammatory reactions and disorders, and it has become evident that it also affects glucose homeostasis. The protein is produced by pancreatic beta cells and can promote the release of insulin. It also modulates glucose uptake, glycolysis and insulin resistance in insulin target cells such as the adipocyte, myocyte and cardiomyocyte. Possessing both immunological and endocrinological properties, MIF has been associated with the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and it may be important in the setting of islet transplantation. The present review summarises our current knowledge, based on clinical and research data, on the impact of MIF on both physiological and pathological aspects of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Toso
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Aigner A. Applications of RNA interference: current state and prospects for siRNA-based strategies in vivo. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:9-21. [PMID: 17457539 PMCID: PMC7079960 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Within the recent years, RNA interference (RNAi) has become an almost-standard method for in vitro knockdown of any target gene of interest. Now, one major focus is to further explore its potential in vivo, including the development of novel therapeutic strategies. From the mechanism, it becomes clear that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) play a pivotal role in triggering RNAi. Thus, the efficient delivery of target gene-specific siRNAs is one major challenge in the establishment of therapeutic RNAi. Numerous studies, based on different modes of administration and various siRNA formulations and/or modifications, have already accumulated promising results. This applies to various animal models covering viral infections, cancer and multiple other diseases. Continuing efforts will lead to the development of efficient and “double-specific” drugs, comprising of siRNAs with high target gene specificity and of nanoparticles enhancing siRNA delivery and target organ specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Aigner
- Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, 35033, Marburg, Germany.
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Behlke MA. Progress towards in vivo use of siRNAs. Mol Ther 2006; 13:644-70. [PMID: 16481219 PMCID: PMC7106286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2005] [Revised: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has become the method of choice to suppress gene expression in vitro. It is also emerging as a powerful tool for in vivo research with over 90 studies published using synthetic small interfering RNAs in mammals. These reports demonstrate the potential for use of synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as therapeutic agents, especially in the areas of cancer and viral infection. The number of reports using siRNAs for functional genomics applications, for validation of targets for small-molecule drug development programs, and to address questions of basic biology will rapidly grow as methods and protocols for use in animals become more established. This review will first discuss aspects of RNAi biochemistry and biology that impact in vivo use, especially as relates to experimental design, and will then provide an overview of published work with a focus on methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Behlke
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA 52241, USA.
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