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Lee SWS, Millet K, Grinstein A, Pauwels KH, Johnston PR, Volkov AE, van der Wal AJ. Actual Cleaning and Simulated Cleaning Attenuate Psychological and Physiological Effects of Stressful Events. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506221099428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The human mind harbors various mechanisms for coping with stress, but what role does physical behavior play? Inspired by ethological observations of autogrooming activity across species, we offer a general hypothesis: cleaning attenuates effects of stressful events. Preregistered behavioral and psychophysiological experiments ( N = 3,066 in United Kingdom, United States, and Canada) found that (a) concrete visual simulation of cleaning behavior alleviated residual anxiety from a stress-inducing physical scene, an effect distinct from touch, and (b) actual cleaning behavior enhanced adaptive cardiovascular reactivity to a highly stressful context of social performance/evaluation, which provides the first physiological evidence for the attenuation of stress-related effects by cleaning. Overall, actual cleaning and simulated cleaning attenuate effects of physical or psychological stressors, even when they have nothing to do with contamination or disease and would not be resolved by cleaning. Daily cleaning behavior may facilitate coping with stressors like physical risks and psychological threats to the self.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kobe Millet
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amir Grinstein
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Phillip R. Johnston
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wittek N, Matsui H, Kessel N, Oeksuez F, Güntürkün O, Anselme P. Mirror Self-Recognition in Pigeons: Beyond the Pass-or-Fail Criterion. Front Psychol 2021; 12:669039. [PMID: 34079500 PMCID: PMC8165164 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous mirror self-recognition is achieved by only a limited number of species, suggesting a sharp "cognitive Rubicon" that only few can pass. But is the demarcation line that sharp? In studies on monkeys, who do not recognize themselves in a mirror, animals can make a difference between their mirror image and an unknown conspecific. This evidence speaks for a gradualist view of mirror self-recognition. We hypothesize that such a gradual process possibly consists of at least two independent aptitudes, the ability to detect synchronicity between self- and foreign movement and the cognitive understanding that the mirror reflection is oneself. Pigeons are known to achieve the first but fail at the second aptitude. We therefore expected them to treat their mirror image differently from an unknown pigeon, without being able to understand that the mirror reflects their own image. We tested pigeons in a task where they either approached a mirror or a Plexiglas barrier to feed. Behind the Plexiglas an unknown pigeon walked at the same time toward the food bowl. Thus, we pitched a condition with a mirror-self and a foreign bird against each other, with both of them walking close toward the food bowl. By a detailed analysis of a whole suit of behavioral details, our results make it likely that the foreign pigeon was treated as a competitor while the mirror image caused hesitation as if being an uncanny conspecific. Our results are akin to those with monkeys and show that pigeons do not equal their mirror reflection with a conspecific, although being unable to recognize themselves in the mirror.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Wittek
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nicole Kessel
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Fatma Oeksuez
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Patrick Anselme
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Sandra Williams
- Biology Department, Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Tops M. Slow Life History Strategies and Slow Updating of Internal Models: The Examples of Conscientiousness and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2014.916194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cleto Dal-Cól ML, Bertti P, Terra-Bustamante VC, Velasco TR, Araujo Rodrigues MC, Wichert-Ana L, Sakamoto AC, Garcia-Cairasco N. Is dystonic posturing during temporal lobe epileptic seizures the expression of an endogenous anticonvulsant system? Epilepsy Behav 2008; 12:39-48. [PMID: 17980674 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Revised: 09/19/2007] [Accepted: 09/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) seizures, tonic or clonic motor behaviors (TCB) are commonly associated with automatisms, versions, and vocalizations, and frequently occur during secondary generalization. Dystonias are a common finding and appear to be associated with automatisms and head deviation, but have never been directly linked to generalized tonic or clonic behaviors. The objective of the present study was to assess whether dystonias and TCB are coupled in the same seizure or are associated in an antagonistic and exclusive pattern. Ninety-one seizures in 55 patients with TLE due to mesial temporal sclerosis were analyzed. Only patients with postsurgical seizure outcome of Engel class I or II were included. Presence or absence of dystonia and secondary generalization was recorded. Occurrence of dystonia and occurrence of bilateral tonic or clonic behaviors were negatively correlated. Dystonia and TCB may be implicated in exclusive, non-coincidental, or even antagonistic effects or phenomena in TLE seizures. A neural network related to the expression of one behavioral response (e.g., basal ganglia activation and dystonia) might theoretically "displace" brain activation or disrupt the synchronism of another network implicated in pathological circuit reverberation and seizure expression. The involvement of basal ganglia in the blockade of convulsive seizures has long been observed in animal models. The question is: Do dystonia and underlying basal ganglia activation represent an attempt of the brain to block imminent secondary generalization?
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Cleto Dal-Cól
- Neurophysiology and Experimental Neuroethology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
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Vadasz C, Kobor G, Lajtha A. Motor activity and the mesotelencephalic dopamine function. I. High-resolution temporal and genetic analysis of open-field behavior. Behav Brain Res 1992; 48:29-39. [PMID: 1352452 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-4328(05)80136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In a genetic selection experiment whose goal was to construct congenic neurological animal model lines with different mesotelencephalic dopamine systems, we produced foundation F2 generations derived from crosses (C57BL/6ByJXBALB/cJ and C57BL/6ByJXCXBI/ByJ) between highly inbred mouse lines with different dopamine systems. In this report, temporal distribution, latency, and genetic variability of open-field (OF) behavioral variables were investigated in order to establish a behavioral profile for the various generations and to provide behavioral data as a first step towards multivariate studies on correlations between OF behaviors and mesencephalic and striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. Analysis of the behavioral data provided evidence that measures of the open-field behaviors varied significantly across time segments of the test and that the temporal profiles of several behavioral variables were genotype-dependent. It is suggested that (1) OF behaviors have dynamic temporal profiles, and (2) temporal-genetic analysis can be a useful auxiliary method in the functional interpretation of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vadasz
- Laboratory of Neurobehavior Genetics, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
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Drago F, D'Agata V, Iacona T, Spadaro F, Grassi M, Valerio C, Raffaele R, Astuto C, Lauria N, Vitetta M. Prolactin as a protective factor in stress-induced biological changes. J Clin Lab Anal 1989; 3:340-4. [PMID: 2693666 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.1860030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenohypophyseal hormone prolactin (PRL) is released during stress of physical and psychological nature. In animals, this hormone facilitates adaptive behavior, induces analgesia, and enhances grooming behavior. It also reduces corticosterone secretion and the incidence of gastric ulcers induced by physical stress. It is possible that PRL plays a protective role against stress-induced biological modifications in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Drago
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Catania Medical Medical School, Italy
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Kuenzel WJ, Douglass LW, Davison BA. Robust feeding following central administration of neuropeptide Y or peptide YY in chicks, Gallus domesticus. Peptides 1987; 8:823-8. [PMID: 3432131 DOI: 10.1016/0196-9781(87)90066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) were injected intracerebroventricularly (ICV) in broiler chicks. Both NPY and PYY markedly increased food intake during the first hour post-injection compared to saline (SAL) controls. Food intake doubled in chicks given 5 micrograms NPY. A response surface analysis suggested that following ICV injection of NPY, maximum food intake occurred, using a dose of 9 micrograms. In contrast, an estimated dose between one and 5 micrograms PYY resulted in maximum food intake, giving the latter a slightly higher potency. Time spent drinking was not significantly different among NPY, PYY and SAL groups. Chicks given NPY or PYY also spent significantly less time standing while those given PYY spent significantly less time preening compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kuenzel
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
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Jones R, Harvey S. Behavioural and adrenocortical responses of domestic chicks to systematic reductions in group size and to sequential disturbance of companions by the experimenter. Behav Processes 1987; 14:291-303. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(87)90075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/1987] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Intracerebroventricular but not parenteral application of ACTH has been shown to elicit excessive grooming behavior in rats and mice. This behavior is elicited by administration of ACTH into the lateral, third, or fourth ventricles. Plugging of the cerebral aqueduct with cold cream fails to prevent grooming in response to lateral ventricle injection of ACTH. However, cold cream plugs in the third ventricle can prevent the subsequent induction of grooming behavior by lateral ventricle injection of ACTH, but only when the plugs are located in the anterior ventral third ventricle in the region of the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) and median eminence. These data suggest the anterior ventral third ventricle as the periventricular site of action of ACTH in eliciting excessive grooming, although it is possible that peptides taken up in this area are transported to other regions to elicit the behavioral response.
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Drago F, Pedersen CA, Caldwell JD, Prange AJ. Oxytocin potently enhances novelty-induced grooming behavior in the rat. Brain Res 1986; 368:287-95. [PMID: 3697728 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90573-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of oxytocin was followed by an enhancement of novelty-induced grooming in male and female rats. This effect was dose-dependent, in a dose range of 0.1-10 micrograms. Grooming activity of rats injected i.c.v. with 10 micrograms of oxytocin was 9-fold higher than that of saline-injected controls. The analysis of behavioral element composition revealed an increased occurrence of genital grooming in oxytocin-injected rats. A time-course study revealed a sustained increase in grooming activity of oxytocin-treated rats during 45 min of behavioral testing. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the dopamine antagonist, haloperidol, totally suppressed oxytocin-enhanced grooming. Furthermore, i.p. injection of the opiate receptor antagonist, naloxone, was followed by an attenuation but not a suppression of grooming enhanced by i.c.v. administration of oxytocin. In addition, a small but significant increase in grooming activity was observed after subcutaneous injection of oxytocin. These results suggest that oxytocin-enhanced grooming behavior involves central mechanisms, e.g. dopamine and opioid transmission in the brain.
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Abstract
Administration of 10 and 30 micrograms methionine-enkephalin (MET-ENK)/g bw (n = 10/dose) affected the propensity towards fighting in H. bimaculatus; 10 micrograms increased, while 30 micrograms decreased the aggressive behavior. MET-ENK also affected a number of behavior patterns displayed by the fish. Moreover, the "wet-dog-shakes" observed suggest that MET-ENK acts on opiate-receptors. Treatment with substance P (SP)/g bw (n = 10/dose) induced chafing movements in the fish slightly. It also decreased fighting and increased biting of the air stone, which is evidence that H. bimaculatus is still aggressive, directing its attacks to different objects. When 4, 8, 12 micrograms somatostatin (SRIF)/g bw (n = 10/dose) were injected, H. bimaculatus stopped fighting for several hours after the onset of treatment, depending on the dosage. Somatostatin reduces blood glucose concentration, causing a sudden stop of aggressive behavior, 0.04, 0.1, 0.6, 1.0 and 3.0 IU prolactin (PRL)/g bw (n = 5/dose) eventually decreased fighting and affected a number of behavior patterns displayed by the fish.
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Harvey S, Phillips JG, Rees A, Hall TR. Stress and adrenal function. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1984; 232:633-45. [PMID: 6097634 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402320332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The natural environment is composed of various potentially hostile stressors. It is a basic requirement of life that the cells of an organism must be maintained within closely defined physiological limits. The maintenance of a constant interior mileu results from physiological and behavioural homeostatic adaptations. The physiological regulation of homeostatis is achieved by complex endocrine interactions, principally by the hormones secreted from the adrenal glands. In this brief review the responses of the avian adrenal glands to stressful stimuli, the mechanism of adrenal activation, and the function of the adrenal responses will be considered.
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Williams NS, Scampoli DL. Handling, ACTH, ACTH1-24, and naloxone effects on preening behavior in domestic chickens. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1984; 20:681-2. [PMID: 6330762 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(84)90184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Excessive grooming behavior has been well documented in various animals as a result of stress or intraventricularly administered ACTH and ACTH1-24. In the present study, handling, ACTH, and ACTH1-24 were associated with significant increases in preening of domestic chickens when compared to saline-treated controls. Naloxone-treated birds showed preening levels similar to those of unhandled and saline-treated birds.
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Deviche P, Delius JD. Short-term modulation of domestic pigeon (Columbia livia L.) behaviour induced by intraventricular administration of ACTH. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR TIERPSYCHOLOGIE 1981; 55:335-42. [PMID: 6267843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1981.tb01276.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The behavioural responses induced in adult domestic pigeons by intraventricular injections of 0 to 6 IU of ACTH 1-39 are reported. The frequency of 10 different behaviour patterns was recorded for 90 min after administration of the peptide. The effect that was induced was complex, the frequency of some patterns increasing (yawning, headshaking, body shaking, wing-flapping), or some others decreasing (feeding, one-wing stretching, eye closing) or remaining unchanged (preening). The frequency of several patterns was maximal during the first 30 min following the injections but this was shown in some cases to be independent on the hormone administration.
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O'Donohue TL, Handelmann GE, Chaconas T, Miller RL, Jacobowitz DM. Evidence that N-acetylation regulates the behavioral activity of alpha-MSH in the rat and human central nervous system. Peptides 1981; 2:333-44. [PMID: 7301640 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9781(81)80126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
alpha-MSH immunoreactive peptides were fractionated and characterized in rat and human brain and rat pituitary by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatographic techniques. alpha-MSH and deacetylated alpha-MSH were two major naturally existing peptides in both brain and pituitary gland. Subsequent experiments examined the roles of these two peptides in neuronal function. The alpha-MSH was clearly more effective than deacetylated alpha-MSH in improving performance on a visual discrimination task after intraperitoneal administration and in inducing excessive grooming after intraventricular administration. The difference in behavioral potency may be explained by the fact that alpha-MSH was much more resistant to peptidase degradation than was deacetylated alpha-MSH. N-acetylation of alpha-MSH may be an effective regulatory process for modulating the behavioral potency of the secretory product of alpha-MSH-containing pituitary cells and neurons.
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Deviche P. Behavioral effects of castration and testosterone propionate replacement combined with ACTH in the male domestic duck(Anas platyrhynchos L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402070315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jolles J, Rompa-Barendregt J, Gispen WH. ACTH-induced excessive grooming in the rat: the influence of environmental and motivational factors. Horm Behav 1979; 12:60-72. [PMID: 225257 DOI: 10.1016/0018-506x(79)90027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Deviche P. Effects of testosterone propionate and pituitary-adrenal hormones on the social behaviour of male ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos L.) in two test situations. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR TIERPSYCHOLOGIE 1979; 49:77-86. [PMID: 219636 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00276.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to study in male ducklings the behavioural influence of testosterone propionate (= TP) injections, combined with pituitary-adrenal hormones administration, in two test situations: in groups of birds from the same residence cage or from visually isolated cages. It appears from the results that TP administration increased sexual but not aggressive behaviour, while pituitary-adrenal hormones induced very few effects. The responses of the birds were however modulated to a large extent by the type of test situation.
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Wiegant VM, Gispen WH. ACTH-induced excessive grooming in the rat: latent activity of ACTH4-10. BEHAVIORAL BIOLOGY 1977; 19:554-8. [PMID: 193484 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6773(77)92083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wiegant VM, Gispen WH, Terenius L, de Wied D. ACTH-like peptides and morphine: interaction at the level of the CNS. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1977; 2:63-70. [PMID: 198834 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4530(77)90033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gispen WH, van Ree JM, de Wied D. Lipotropin and the central nervous system. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1977; 20:209-50. [PMID: 22510 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gispen WH, Wiegant VM, Bradbury AF, Hulme EC, Smyth DG, Snell CR, de Wied D. Induction of excessive grooming in the rat by fragments of lipotropin. Nature 1976; 264:794-5. [PMID: 189197 DOI: 10.1038/264794a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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