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Yang JC, Huang YX, Sun H, Liu M, Zhao L, Sun LH. Selenium Deficiency Dysregulates One-Carbon Metabolism in Nutritional Muscular Dystrophy of Chicks. J Nutr 2023; 153:47-55. [PMID: 36913478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) in animals is induced by dietary selenium (Se) deficiency. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to explore the underlying mechanism of Se deficiency-induced NMD in broilers. METHODS One-day-old male Cobb broilers (n = 6 cages/diet, 6 birds/cage) were fed a Se-deficient diet (Se-Def, 47 μg Se/kg) or the Se-Def supplemented with 0.3 mg Se/kg (control) for 6 wk. Thigh muscles of broilers were collected at week 6 for measuring Se concentration, histopathology, and transcriptome and metabolome assays. The transcriptome and metabolome data were analyzed with bioinformatics tools and other data were analyzed with Student's t tests. RESULTS Compared with the control, Se-Def induced NMD in broilers, including reduced (P < 0.05) final body weight (30.7%) and thigh muscle size, reduced number and cross-sectional area of fibers, and loose organization of muscle fibers. Compared with the control, Se-Def decreased (P < 0.05) the Se concentration in the thigh muscle by 52.4%. It also downregulated (P < 0.05) GPX1, SELENOW, TXNRD1-3, DIO1, SELENOF, H, I, K, M, and U by 23.4-80.3% in the thigh muscle compared with the control. Multi-omics analyses indicated that the levels of 320 transcripts and 33 metabolites were significantly altered (P < 0.05) in response to dietary Se deficiency. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that one-carbon metabolism, including the folate and methionine cycle, was primarily dysregulated by Se deficiency in the thigh muscles of broilers. CONCLUSIONS Dietary Se deficiency induced NMD in broiler chicks, potentially with the dysregulation of one-carbon metabolism. These findings may provide novel treatment strategies for muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Surai P. Selenium in poultry nutrition 2. Reproduction, egg and meat quality and practical applications. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps20020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.F. Surai
- Avian Science Research Centre, SAC, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW, Scotland
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Kranen RW, Lambooij E, Veerkamp CH, Van Kuppevelt TH, Veerkamp JH. Haemorrhages in muscles of broiler chickens. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps20000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. W. Kranen
- Institute for Animal Science and Health, ID-Lelystad, Lelystad
| | - E. Lambooij
- Institute for Animal Science and Health, ID-Lelystad, Lelystad
| | | | - T. H. Van Kuppevelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J. H. Veerkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Surai P. Selenium in poultry nutrition 1. Antioxidant properties, deficiency and toxicity. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps20020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.F. Surai
- Avian Science Research Centre, SAC, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 SHW, Scotland,
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MicroRNA-33-3p Regulates Vein Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Selenium-Deficient Broilers by Targeting E4F1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6274010. [PMID: 31249647 PMCID: PMC6556262 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6274010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a type of nutrient element. The tissues of organisms can have pathological damage, including apoptosis, due to Se deficiency. Apoptosis is an important cell process and plays a key role in vascular disease and Se-deficient symptoms. In this study, the Se-deficient broiler model was duplicated, miR-33-3p in the vein was overexpressed in response to Se-deficiency, and miR-33-3p target gene E4F transcription factor 1 (E4F1) expression was also confirmed. We utilized ectopic miR-33-3p expression to validate its function for apoptosis. The results showed that miR-33-3p-targeted E4F1 are involved in the glucose-regulated protein 78- (GRP78-) induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) apoptosis pathway. We presumed that Se deficiency might trigger apoptosis via downregulating miR-33-3p. Interestingly, the miR-33-3p inhibitor and VER-155008 (GRP78 inhibitor) partly hindered the apoptosis caused by Se deficiency. Thus, the above information provides a new avenue toward understanding the mechanism of Se deficiency and reveals a novel apoptotic injury regulation model in vascular disease.
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Cemin H, Vieira S, Stefanello C, Kindlein L, Ferreira T, Fireman A. Broiler responses to increasing selenium supplementation using Zn-L-selenomethionine with special attention to breast myopathies. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1832-1840. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Fan R, Cao C, Zhao X, Shi Q, Zhao J, Xu S. Downregulated long noncoding RNA ALDBGALG0000005049 induces inflammation in chicken muscle suffered from selenium deficiency by regulating stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52761-52774. [PMID: 28881768 PMCID: PMC5581067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in proliferation and differentiation of muscles. However, the study on the roles of lncRNAs in Selenium (Se) deficiency induced muscle injury is still unclear. In this study, deep sequencing was performed to profile lncRNAs and mRNAs of the muscles from the Se deficiency (-Se group) and control (C group) chickens. The results revealed that 38 lncRNAs (23 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated) and 687 mRNAs (285 up-regulated and 402 down-regulated) were significantly dysregulated expressed, and the significantly dysregulated pathway including Phagosome, Cardiac muscle contraction, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) in -Se group. The regulatory relationship between ALDBGALG0000005049 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which involved in PPAR pathway was verified. The results also showed that the decreased expressions of SCD, PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ, and the increased expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (CCL4) along with silencing of ALDBGALG0000005049 in chicken myoblasts. Moreover, increased expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and CCL4 and inflammatory cell infiltration in microstructure of chicken muscles treated with Se deficiency were observed. This study displayed an overview of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles and PPAR pathway, and revealed that downregulation of ALDBGALG0000005049 caused inflammation by regulating SCD in chicken muscle resulted from Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Qunxiang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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8
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Wu Q, Yao HD, Tan SR, Zhang ZW, Zhu YH, Xu S. Possible correlation of selenoprotein W with inflammation factors in chicken skeletal muscles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 161:167-72. [PMID: 25123462 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible correlation of selenoprotein W (SelW) with inflammatory injury induced by dietary selenium (Se) deficiency in chicken. One-day-old male chickens were fed either a commercial diet or a Se-deficient diet for 55 days. Then, the expression levels of SelW messenger RNA (mRNA) and inflammation-related genes (NF-κB, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and PTGES) in chicken skeletal muscles (wing muscle, pectoral muscle, and thigh muscle) were determined at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 days old, respectively. In addition, the correlation between SelW mRNA expression and inflammation-related genes were assessed. The results showed that dietary Se deficiency reduced the mRNA expression of SelW in chicken wing, pectorals, and thigh muscles. In contrast, Se deficiency increased the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes in chicken skeletal muscle tissues at different time points. The Pearson's correlation coefficients showed that the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes were significantly negative related to SelW (p < 0.05). These data showed that Se deficiency induced the inflammatory response in chicken skeletal muscle. As one important selenoprotein gene in skeletal muscles, SelW may play a role in the regulation of inflammation reaction in Se-deficiency myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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9
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Zhang JL, Zhang ZW, Shan AS, Xu SW. Effects of dietary selenium deficiency or excess on gene expression of selenoprotein N in chicken muscle tissues. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 157:234-41. [PMID: 24488809 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have determined the effects of dietary selenium (Se) supplementation on selenoprotein N (SelN, SEPN1), selenophosphate synthetase-1 (SPS1), and selenocysteine-synthase (SecS) mRNA abundance in chicken skeletal and cardiac muscles. To investigate collective responses of these genes to dietary Se concentrations ranging from deficiency to moderately high level in muscle tissues of chicken, 1-day-old chickens were exposed to a diet of deficient Se and supplemented with Se (0.15 mg Se/kg and 1.50 mg Se/kg) as sodium selenite in the feed for 35 days. Muscle tissues (flight, breast, leg, and cardiac muscles) were collected and examined for Se content and mRNA levels of SelN on days 1, 15, 25, and 35 days, respectively. Moreover, SPS1 and SecS mRNA levels were analyzed. The results showed that the expression of SelN gene in cardiac muscle responded to dietary Se concentrations. SelN gene was downregulated in the Se deficiency group (L group), and upregulated in the Se excess group (H group) compared with the moderate Se group (M group) (P < 0.05) in cardiac muscle. Se deficiency mainly unregulated SelN mRNA level in skeletal muscles compared with M group. Excess dietary Se mainly resulted in the upregulation of SelN mRNA level in skeletal muscles compared with the M group. SecS mRNA levels responded to dietary Se concentrations showed a similar change compared with SelN in cardiac muscle. SPS1 mRNA levels responded to dietary Se concentrations showed a downregulation in L group and upregulation in H group. However, SelN mRNA levels displayed a different expression pattern in different skeletal and cardiac muscles. Moreover, Se also regulated the levels of SPS1 and SecS mRNAs. In summary, Se regulated the expression of SelN gene and affected the mRNA levels of SecS and SPS1. The level of Se in the feed may regulate SelN biosynthesis by affecting the levels of SPS1 and SecS mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-li Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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10
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Yao HD, Wu Q, Zhang ZW, Zhang JL, Li S, Huang JQ, Ren FZ, Xu SW, Wang XL, Lei XG. Gene expression of endoplasmic reticulum resident selenoproteins correlates with apoptosis in various muscles of se-deficient chicks. J Nutr 2013; 143:613-9. [PMID: 23514769 PMCID: PMC3738234 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.172395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary selenium (Se) deficiency causes muscular dystrophy in various species, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our objectives were to investigate: 1) if dietary Se deficiency induced different amounts of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell apoptosis in 3 skeletal muscles; and 2) if the distribution and expression of 4 endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident selenoprotein genes (Sepn1, Selk, Sels, and Selt) were related to oxidative damages in these muscles. Two groups of day-old layer chicks (n = 60/group) were fed a corn-soy basal diet (33 μg Se/kg; produced in the Se-deficient area of Heilongjiang, China) or the diet supplemented with Se (as sodium selenite) at 0.15 mg/kg for 55 d. Dietary Se deficiency resulted in accelerated (P < 0.05) cell apoptosis that was associated with decreased glutathione peroxidase activity and elevated lipid peroxidation in these muscles. All these responses were stronger in the pectoral muscle than in the thigh and wing muscles (P < 0.05). Relative distribution of the 4 ER resident selenoprotein gene mRNA amounts and their responses to dietary Se deficiency were consistent with the resultant oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in the 3 muscles. Expression of Sepn1, Sels, and Selt in these muscles was correlated with (r > 0.72; P < 0.05) that of Sepsecs encoding a key enzyme for biosynthesis of selenocysteine (selenocysteinyl-tRNA synthase). In conclusion, the pectoral muscle demonstrated unique expression patterns of the ER resident selenoprotein genes and GPx activity, along with elevated susceptibility to oxidative cell death, compared with the other skeletal muscles. These features might help explain why it is a primary target of Se deficiency diseases in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dong Yao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiu-Li Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Wen Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- Wildlife Resource College and Center of Conservation Medicine and Ecological Safety, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; and,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
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11
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Wu Q, Yao HD, Zhang ZW, Zhang B, Meng FY, Xu SW, Wang XL. Possible correlation between selenoprotein W and myogenic regulatory factors in chicken embryonic myoblasts. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:166-72. [PMID: 23054870 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological function of selenium (Se) is mainly elicited through Se-containing proteins. Selenoprotein W (SelW), one member of the selenoprotein family, is essential for the normal function of the skeletal muscle system. To investigate the possible relationship of Se in the process of differentiation in chicken myoblasts and the expression of SelW, the cultured chicken embryonic myoblasts were incubated with sodium selenite at different concentrations for 72 h, and then the mRNA levels of SelW and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) in myoblasts were determined at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between SelW mRNA expression and MRF mRNA expression was assessed. The results showed that the sodium selenite medium enhanced the mRNA expression of SelW, Myf-5, MRF4, and myogenin in chicken myoblasts. The mRNA expression levels of MRFs were significantly correlated with those of SelW at 24, 48, and 72 h. These data demonstrate that Se is involved in the differentiation of chicken embryonic myoblasts, and SelW showed correlation with MRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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12
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Ruan H, Zhang Z, Wu Q, Yao H, Li J, Li S, Xu S. Selenium regulates gene expression of selenoprotein W in chicken skeletal muscle system. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 145:59-65. [PMID: 21837452 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein W (SelW) is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscles of mammals and necessary for the metabolism of skeletal muscles. However, its expression pattern in skeletal muscle system of birds is still uncovered. Herein, to investigate the distribution of SelW mRNA in chicken skeletal muscle system and its response to different selenium (Se) status, 1-day-old chickens were exposed to various concentrations of Se as sodium selenite in the feed for 35 days. In addition, myoblasts were treated with different concentrations of Se in the medium for 72 h. Then the levels of SelW mRNA in skeletal muscles (wing muscle, pectoral muscle, thigh muscle) and myoblasts were determined on days 1, 15, 25, and 35 and at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. The results showed that SelW was detected in all these muscle components and it increased both along with the growth of organism and the differentiation process of myoblasts. The thigh muscle is more responsive to Se intake than the other two skeletal muscle tissues while the optimal Se supplementation for SelW mRNA expression in chicken myoblasts was 10(-7) M. In summary, Se plays important roles in the development of chicken skeletal muscles. To effect optimal SelW gene expression, Se must be provided in the diet and the media in adequate amounts and neither at excessive nor deficient levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Ruan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Nunes VA, Gozzo AJ, Cruz-Silva I, Juliano MA, Viel TA, Godinho RO, Meirelles FV, Sampaio MU, Sampaio CAM, Araujo MS. Vitamin E prevents cell death induced by mild oxidative stress in chicken skeletal muscle cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2005; 141:225-40. [PMID: 16039165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Revised: 06/02/2005] [Accepted: 06/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and necrosis are two forms of cell death that can occur in response to various agents and oxidative damage. In addition to necrosis, apoptosis contributes to muscle fiber loss in various muscular dystrophies as well participates in the exudative diathesis in chicken, pathology caused by dietary deficiency of vitamin E and selenium, which affects muscle tissue. We have used chicken skeletal muscle cells and bovine fibroblasts to study molecular events involved in the cell death induced by oxidative stress and apoptotic agents. The effect of vitamin E on cell death induced by oxidants was also investigated. Treatment of cells with anti-Fas antibody (50 to 400 ng/mL), staurosporine (0.1 to 100 microM) and TNF-alpha (10 and 50 ng/mL) resulted in a little loss of Trypan blue exclusion ability. Those stimuli conducted cells to apoptosis detected by an enhancement in caspase activity upon fluorogenic substrates but this activity was not fully blocked by the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk. Oxidative stress induced by menadione (10, 100 and 250 muM) promoted a significant reduction in cell viability (10%, 20% and 35% for fibroblasts; 20%, 30% and 75% for muscle cells, respectively) and caused an increase in caspase activity and DNA fragmentation. H2O2 also promoted apoptosis verified by caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, but in higher doses induced necrosis. Vitamin E protected cells from death induced by low doses of oxidants. Although it was ineffective in reducing caspase activity in fibroblasts, this vitamin diminished the enzyme activity in muscle cells. These data suggested that oxidative stress could activate apoptotic mechanisms; however the mode of cell death will depend on the intensity and duration of the stimulus, and on the antioxidant status of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane A Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Rua Tres de Maio, 100, 6. andar, P.O. Box O4044-020, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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15
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Nunes VA, Gozzo AJ, Juliano MA, César MC, Sampaio MU, Sampaio CAM, Araújo MS. Antioxidant dietary deficiency induces caspase activation in chick skeletal muscle cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003; 36:1047-53. [PMID: 12886458 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2003000800010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis and necrosis are two distinct forms of cell death that can occur in response to different agents and stress conditions. In order to verify if the oxidative stress induced by dietary selenium and vitamin E deficiencies can lead muscle cells to apoptosis, one-day-old chicks were reared using diets differing in their vitamin E (0 or 10 IU/kg) and selenium (0 or 0.15 ppm) supplementation. Chick skeletal muscle tissue was obtained from 28-day-old animals and used to verify apoptosis occurrence based on caspase activity detection and DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant deficiency significantly increased caspase-like activity assessed by the hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide substrates (Abz-peptidyl-EDDnp) at lambda exc = 320 nm and lambda em = 420 nm. Proteolytic activation was not accompanied by typical internucleosomal DNA fragmentation detected by field inversion gel electrophoresis. Although the general caspase inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(O-Me) fluoromethyl ketone (Z-VAD-fmk) (0 to 80 muM) did not block caspase-like activity when preincubated for 30 min with muscle homogenates, the hydrolyzed substrates presented the same cleavage profile in HPLC (at the aspartic acid residue) when incubated with the purified recombinant enzyme caspase-3. These data indicate that oxidative stress causes caspase-like activation in muscle cells and suggest that cell death associated with exudative diathesis (dietary deficiency of selenium and vitamin E) can follow the apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Avanzo JL, Xavier de Mendonça Junior C, de Cerqueira Cesar M. Role of antioxidant systems in induced nutritional pancreatic atrophy in chicken. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2002; 131:815-23. [PMID: 11923094 DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
One-day-old chicks were reared using diets differing in their vitamin E and/or selenium content. The purpose of this research was to detect any possible imbalance in the antioxidant defense system, which could be related to development of nutritional pancreatic atrophy. Mitochondrial membranes from animals deficient in both nutrients, or just vitamin E, submitted to peroxidizability 'in vitro' had the production of TBARS greatly enhanced. Measurements of the 2-GSH/GSSG ratio suggested that selenium and vitamin E, the latter in higher magnitude, were responsible for maintenance of the reducing capacity of the cell. Enzymatic defense systems against oxidative stress were also studied. The results indicated that the total antioxidant enzymatic activity of pancreatic cells was not sufficient to scavenge all the ROS generated in the nutritionally deficient animals. The present study suggests that nutritional deficiency of selenium and/or vitamin E generates one imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems in chicken pancreas, leading to oxidative stress and pancreatic atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Avanzo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga/SP, Brazil
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Avanzo JL, de Mendonça CX, Pugine SM, de Cerqueira Cesar M. Effect of vitamin E and selenium on resistance to oxidative stress in chicken superficial pectoralis muscle. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2001; 129:163-73. [PMID: 11423388 DOI: 10.1016/s1532-0456(01)00197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
One-day-old chicks were reared using diets that differed in their vitamin E and/or selenium content. In chicks depleted of both selenium and vitamin E, signs of exudative diathesis on the superficial pectoralis muscle were observed. The purpose of this research was to determine the defective points of the antioxidant defense system, which made this tissue highly susceptible to nutritionally-induced oxidative stress. Vitamin E, and selenium in lower magnitude, were the factors that strikingly affected the course of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. Animals fed diets deficient in vitamin E and selenium displayed the lowest reduced glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity. The decreased levels of reduced glutathione were not due to a defective activity of glutathione reductase, which was increased in both mitochondria and cytosol. The absence of vitamin E was linked to lowering of mitochondrial thiol levels. The Glutathione peroxidase/Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase ratio was 2.8 in animals fed selenium and vitamin E, and decreased to 0.13 in animals deficient in both nutrients. This change was indicative of oxidant-induced damage mediated by hydrogen peroxide. Catalase activity increased in an attempt to counteract the decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity. The results obtained showed that alpha-tocopherol and Se deficiencies caused multiple alterations in the antioxidant system and adversely affected the redox state of chicken superficial pectoralis muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Avanzo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, P.O. Box 23, Pirassununga/SP, Brazil
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Surai PF. Effect of selenium and vitamin E content of the maternal diet on the antioxidant system of the yolk and the developing chick. Br Poult Sci 2000; 41:235-43. [PMID: 10890223 DOI: 10.1080/713654909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation of the maternal diet on their transfer to the egg yolk and tissues of the newly hatched chick and on the development of the antioxidant system in the chick liver in early postnatal life were investigated. 2. One hundred Cobb broiler breeder hens were divided into 10 equal groups and housed in pens at 25 weeks of age. Each hen received 1 of the treatment diets which included 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg selenium, 40, 100, 200 mg/kg vitamin E or their combination. After 6 weeks, the hens were artificially inseminated once per week. From week 8, eggs were collected and placed in an incubator. After hatching, chicks from each group were reared (under standard commercial conditions) to 10 d of age. The chicks were fed on a standard starter commercial broiler diet. At the time of hatching, and at 5 and 10 days old, 4 chicks from each group were sacrificed and blood, liver and brain were collected for the subsequent biochemical analyses. 3. The inclusion of organic selenium or vitamin E in the commercial diet significantly increased their concentration in the egg and in the liver of 1-d-old chicks obtained from the eggs enriched with these substances. A positive effect of such dietary supplementation was seen at d 5 and d 10 of postnatal development. 4. There was a positive effect of selenium supplementation of the maternal diet on glutathione concentration in the liver of 1-d-old and 5-d-old chicks. A combination of a dietary selenium supplementation with high vitamin E doses further increased glutathione concentration in the liver. Dietary selenium supplementation significantly increased selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) activity in the liver of the 1-d-old and 5-d-old chicks and decreased liver susceptibility to peroxidation. 6. It is concluded that the nutritional status of the laying hen determines the efficiency of the antioxidant system throughout embryonic and early postnatal development of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Surai
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Scotland.
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Surai PF. Tissue-specific changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes during the development of the chicken embryo. Br Poult Sci 1999; 40:397-405. [PMID: 10475639 DOI: 10.1080/00071669987511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. Tissue-specific profiles of the expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) and the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) during the development of the chick embryo were investigated. 2. The liver, brain, yolk sac membrane (YSM), kidney, lung, heart and skeletal muscles were collected at the following days of embryo development: 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 and 22 (day-old chicks). 3. The different tissues of the embryo displayed distinct development strategies with regard to the acquisition of antioxidant capacity. In the liver the specific activity of SOD increased between days 10 and 11 of development, then significantly decreased up to day 15 and remained at the same value during the rest of the developmental period. GSH-Px specific activity increased through the time of development. CAT had 2 peaks of specific activity at day 10 of the development and in day-old chicks. 4. The brain was characterised by comparatively high SOD-specific activity especially during the last days of incubation. The specific activities of GSH-Px and CAT were low throughout development. 5. In the YSM maximal GSH-Px and CAT-specific activities were found on day 15 of incubation. In the kidney and heart GSH-Px-specific activity increased at hatching time. CAT-specific activity in the kidney increased just after hatching. 6. It is concluded that each tissue studied expressed a profile of antioxidant defence mechanisms to deal with oxidative stress at hatching time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Surai
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr.
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Surai PF, Speake BK, Noble RC, Sparks NH. Tissue-specific antioxidant profiles and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation of the newly hatched chick. Biol Trace Elem Res 1999; 68:63-78. [PMID: 10208657 DOI: 10.1007/bf02784397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The hatching process is characterized by a range of adaptive changes, and a newly hatched chick is considered as an intermediate stage between prenatal and postnatal development. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristic relationships between tissue-specific fatty acid composition and antioxidant protection in newly hatched chicks. Liver, yolk sac membrane, heart, kidney, lung, and four brain regions (cerebrum, cerebellum, stem, and optic lobes) were collected. Fatty acid composition of total lipids and phosphoglycerides, alpha-tocopherol, lutein, ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, and the activities of Mn- and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Se-dependent and non-Se-glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) were determined. The levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn as well as tissue susceptibility to lipid peroxidation were also studied. The tissues of the newly hatched chick showed distinctive features in fatty acid profiles, antioxidant accumulation, and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. The brain clearly displayed the greatest susceptibility to spontaneous and Fe-stimulated lipid peroxidation, was highly unsaturated and contained very low levels of vitamin E, no detectable carotenoids, low GSH-Px, and low CAT activity. At the same time, the brain was characterized by high ascorbic acid concentration and comparatively high SOD activity. It was suggested that in postnatal development, antioxidant enzymes presumably play the major role in antioxidant protection of the chick tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Surai
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, UK
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Ramanathan CS, Taylor EW. Computational genomic analysis of hemorrhagic fever viruses. Viral selenoproteins as a potential factor in pathogenesis. Biol Trace Elem Res 1997; 56:93-106. [PMID: 9152513 DOI: 10.1007/bf02778985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A number of distinct viruses are known as hemorrhagic fever viruses based on a shared ability to induce hemorrhage by poorly understood mechanisms, typically involving the formation of blood clots ("disseminated intravascular coagulation"). It is well documented that selenium plays a significant role in the regulation of blood clotting via its effects on the thromboxane/prostacyclin ratio, and effects on the complement system. Selenium has an anticlotting effect, whereas selenium deficiency has a proclotting or thrombotic effect. It is also well documented that extreme dietary selenium deficiency, which is almost never seen in humans, has been associated with hemorrhagic effects in animals. Thus, the possibility that viral selenoprotein synthesis might contribute to hemorrhagic symptoms merits further consideration. Computational genomic analysis of certain hemorrhagic fever viruses reveals the presence of potential protein coding regions (PPCRs) containing large numbers of in-frame UGA codons, particularly in the -1 reading frame. In some cases, these clusterings of UGA codons are very unlikely to have arisen by chance, suggesting that these UGAs may have some function other than being a stop codon, such as encoding selenocysteine. For this to be possible, a downstream selenocysteine insertion element (SECIS) is required. Ebola Zaire, the most notorious hemorrhagic fever virus, has a PCR with 17 UGA codons, and several potential SECIS elements can be identified in the viral genome. One potential viral selenoprotein may contain up to 16 selenium atoms per molecule. Biosynthesis of this protein could impose an unprecedented selenium demand on the host, potentially, leading to severe lipid peroxidation and cell membrane destruction, and contributing to hemorrhagic symptoms. Alternatively, even in the absence of programmed selenoprotein synthesis, it is possible that random slippage errors would lead to increased encounters with UGA codons in overlapping reading frames, and thus potentially to nonspecific depletion of SeC in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Ramanathan
- Computational Center for Molecular Structure and Design, University of Georgia, Athens 30601-2352, USA.
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Fuhrmann H, Sallmann HP. Phospholipid fatty acids of brain and liver are modified by alpha-tocopherol and dietary fat in growing chicks. Br J Nutr 1996; 76:109-22. [PMID: 8774221 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19960013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids modify phospholipid fatty acids in brain and liver of growing chickens post-hatching. The effect of vitamin E deficiency on this process is unknown and may be relevant to the pathogenesis of chick nutritional encephalomalacia (NE). Therefore laying hens received a diet low in vitamin E (10 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg feed). Resulting chicks were assigned to nine dietary groups each fed with either oleic (18:1n-9, 58 g/kg), linoleic (18:2n-6, 57 g/kg) or linolenic (18:3n-3, 56 g/kg) acid together with 5. 25 or 125 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg feed. NE affecting the cerebellum only occurred in the group given linoleic acid and 5 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg. In 1-d-old chicks and after 1 and 2 weeks the phospholipid fatty acid composition of liver, cerebrum and cerebellum (additionally after 3 weeks) was determined. The feed fatty acids were incorporated into the liver very efficiently during the first week of life. Unsaturation of liver membranes decreased in the order dietary linolenic > linoleic > oleic acid. In liver, also, the effect of alpha-tocopherol supplementation on phospholipid fatty acids was most pronounced. The unsaturation index increased during deficiency, whereas n-9 fatty acids decreased. In the chicken brain the alterations were delayed and less distinct. The cerebellum phospholipids were rich in n-9 fatty acids and as a whole more saturated in comparison with the cerebrum. Cerebellar unsaturation increased when linolenic or linoleic acid was given. However, NE-producing dietary conditions were not accompanied by specific alterations in cerebellar phospholipid fatty acids due to the alpha-tocopherol content of the diet. Rather the alterations of membrane fatty acids in the liver seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fuhrmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Hannover Veterinary School, Germany
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Dibner J, Kitchell M, Atwell C, Ivey F. The Effect of Dietary Ingredients and Age on the Microscopic Structure of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry. J APPL POULTRY RES 1996. [DOI: 10.1093/japr/5.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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