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Ma D, Liu S, Liu K, Kong L, Xiao L, Xin Q, Jiang C, Wu J. MDFI promotes the proliferation and tolerance to chemotherapy of colorectal cancer cells by binding ITGB4/LAMB3 to activate the AKT signaling pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2314324. [PMID: 38375821 PMCID: PMC10880501 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2314324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal cancers. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have enabled the systematic study of CRC. In our research, the activation of the AKT pathway in CRC was analyzed by KEGG using single-cell sequencing data from the GSE144735 dataset. The correlation and PPIs of MDFI and ITGB4/LAMB3 were examined. The results were verified in the TCGA and CCLE and further tested by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. The effect of MDFI on the AKT pathway via ITGB4/LAMB3 was validated by knockdown and lentiviral overexpression experiments. The effect of MDFI on oxaliplatin/fluorouracil sensitivity was probed by colony formation assay and CCK8 assay. We discovered that MDFI was positively associated with ITGB4/LAMB3. In addition, MDFI was negatively associated with oxaliplatin/fluorouracil sensitivity. MDFI upregulated the AKT pathway by directly interacting with LAMB3 and ITGB4 in CRC cells, and enhanced the proliferation of CRC cells via the AKT pathway. Finally, MDFI reduced the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin and fluorouracil. In conclusion, MDFI promotes the proliferation and tolerance to chemotherapy of colorectal cancer cells, partially through the activation of the AKT signaling pathway by the binding to ITGB4/LAMB3. Our findings provide a possible molecular target for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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Zhu K, He H, Guo H, Liu B, He X, Zhang N, Xian L, Zhang D. Identification of two MEF2s and their role in inhibiting the transcription of the mstn2a gene in the yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782). Gene 2024; 909:148322. [PMID: 38423140 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Myocyte-specific enhancer binding factor 2 (MEF2), which belongs to the MADS superfamily, is a pivotal and conserved transcription factor that combines with the E-box motif to control the expression of muscle genes. Myostatin (mstn), a muscle growth inhibitor, is a vital member of the TGF-β superfamily. Currently, an understanding of the mechanisms of A. latus mstn (Almstn) transcriptional regulation mediated by MEF2 in fish muscle development is lacking. In the present study, two AlMEF2s (AlMEF2A and AlMEF2B) and Almstn2a were characterized from Acanthopagrus latus. AlMEF2A and AlMEF2B had 456 and 315 amino acid (aa) residues, respectively. Two typical regions, a MADS-box, MEF2, and transcriptionally activated (TAD) domains, are present in both AlMEF2s. The expression profiles of the two AlMEF2 genes were similar. The AlMEF2 genes were mainly expressed in the brain, white muscle, and liver, while Almstn2a expression was higher in the brain than in other tissues. Moreover, the expression trends of AlMEF2s and Almstn2a were significantly changed after starvation and refeeding in the five groups. Additionally, truncation experiments showed that -987 to +168 and -105 to +168 were core promoters of Almstn2a that responded to AlMEF2A and AlMEF2B, respectively. The point mutation experiment confirmed that Almstn2a transcription relies on the mutation binding sites 1 or 5 (M1/5) and mutation binding sites 4 or 5 (M4/5) for AlMEF2A and AlMEF2B regulation, respectively. The electrophoretic mobile shift assay (EMSA) further verified that M1 (-527 to -512) was a pivotal site where AlMEF2A acted on the Almstn2a gene. Furthermore, a siRNA interference gene expression experiment showed that reduced levels of AlMEF2A or AlMEF2B could prominently increase Almstn2a transcription. These results provide new information about the regulation of Almstn2a transcriptional activity by AlMEF2s and a theoretical basis for the regulatory mechanisms involved in muscle development in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Hongxi He
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Huayang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Baosuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Xin He
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Lin Xian
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Dianchang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China.
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Wu J, Yue B. Regulation of myogenic cell proliferation and differentiation during mammalian skeletal myogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116563. [PMID: 38583341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian skeletal myogenesis is a complex process that allows precise control of myogenic cells' proliferation, differentiation, and fusion to form multinucleated, contractile, and functional muscle fibers. Typically, myogenic progenitors continue growth and division until acquiring a differentiated state, which then permanently leaves the cell cycle and enters terminal differentiation. These processes have been intensively studied using the skeletal muscle developing models in vitro and in vivo, uncovering a complex cellular intrinsic network during mammalian skeletal myogenesis containing transcription factors, translation factors, extracellular matrix, metabolites, and mechano-sensors. Examining the events and how they are knitted together will better understand skeletal myogenesis's molecular basis. This review describes various regulatory mechanisms and recent advances in myogenic cell proliferation and differentiation during mammalian skeletal myogenesis. We focus on significant cell cycle regulators, myogenic factors, and chromatin regulators impacting the coordination of the cell proliferation versus differentiation decision, which will better clarify the complex signaling underlying skeletal myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China; College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China.
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Dai S, Guo L, Dey R, Guo M, Zhang X, Bates D, Cayford J, Jiang L, Wei H, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Chen L, Chen Y. Structural insights into the HDAC4-MEF2A-DNA complex and its implication in long-range transcriptional regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2711-2723. [PMID: 38281192 PMCID: PMC10954479 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Class IIa Histone deacetylases (HDACs), including HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9, play key roles in multiple important developmental and differentiation processes. Recent studies have shown that class IIa HDACs exert their transcriptional repressive function by interacting with tissue-specific transcription factors, such as members of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors. However, the molecular mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of an HDAC4-MEF2A-DNA complex. This complex adopts a dumbbell-shaped overall architecture, with a 2:4:2 stoichiometry of HDAC4, MEF2A and DNA molecules. In the complex, two HDAC4 molecules form a dimer through the interaction of their glutamine-rich domain (GRD) to form the stem of the 'dumbbell'; while two MEF2A dimers and their cognate DNA molecules are bridged by the HDAC4 dimer. Our structural observations were then validated using biochemical and mutagenesis assays. Further cell-based luciferase reporter gene assays revealed that the dimerization of HDAC4 is crucial in its ability to repress the transcriptional activities of MEF2 proteins. Taken together, our findings not only provide the structural basis for the assembly of the HDAC4-MEF2A-DNA complex but also shed light on the molecular mechanism of HDAC4-mediated long-range gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Dai
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA
| | - Raja Dey
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiangqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Darren Bates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA
| | - Justin Cayford
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Longying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hudie Wei
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhuchu Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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5
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Zhou Z, Ma X, Lin Y, Cheng D, Bavi N, Secker GA, Li JV, Janbandhu V, Sutton DL, Scott HS, Yao M, Harvey RP, Harvey NL, Corry B, Zhang Y, Cox CD. MyoD-family inhibitor proteins act as auxiliary subunits of Piezo channels. Science 2023; 381:799-804. [PMID: 37590348 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh8190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Piezo channels are critical cellular sensors of mechanical forces. Despite their large size, ubiquitous expression, and irreplaceable roles in an ever-growing list of physiological processes, few Piezo channel-binding proteins have emerged. In this work, we found that MyoD (myoblast determination)-family inhibitor proteins (MDFIC and MDFI) are PIEZO1/2 interacting partners. These transcriptional regulators bind to PIEZO1/2 channels, regulating channel inactivation. Using single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy, we mapped the interaction site in MDFIC to a lipidated, C-terminal helix that inserts laterally into the PIEZO1 pore module. These Piezo-interacting proteins fit all the criteria for auxiliary subunits, contribute to explaining the vastly different gating kinetics of endogenous Piezo channels observed in many cell types, and elucidate mechanisms potentially involved in human lymphatic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhou
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaonuo Ma
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiechang Lin
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Delfine Cheng
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Navid Bavi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Genevieve A Secker
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Jinyuan Vero Li
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Drew L Sutton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Mingxi Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Natasha L Harvey
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Ben Corry
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
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Lei S, Li C, She Y, Zhou S, Shi H, Chen R. Roles of super enhancers and enhancer RNAs in skeletal muscle development and disease. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:495-505. [PMID: 36184878 PMCID: PMC9928468 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2129240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle development is a multistep biological process regulated by a variety of myogenic regulatory factors, including MyoG, MyoD, Myf5, and Myf6 (also known as MRF4), as well as members of the FoxO subfamily. Differentiation and regeneration during skeletal muscle myogenesis contribute to the physiological function of muscles. Super enhancers (SEs) and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are involved in the regulation of development and diseases. Few studies have identified the roles of SEs and eRNAs in muscle development and pathophysiology. To develop approaches to enhance skeletal muscle mass and function, a more comprehensive understanding of the key processes underlying muscular diseases is needed. In this review, we summarize the roles of SEs and eRNAs in muscle development and disease through affecting of DNA methylation, FoxO subfamily, RAS-MEK signaling, chromatin modifications and accessibility, MyoD and cis regulating target genes. The summary could inform strategies to increase muscle mass and treat muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Lei
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Moustogiannis A, Philippou A, Zevolis E, Taso OS, Giannopoulos A, Chatzigeorgiou A, Koutsilieris M. Effect of Mechanical Loading of Senescent Myoblasts on Their Myogenic Lineage Progression and Survival. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243979. [PMID: 36552743 PMCID: PMC9776690 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During aging, muscle cell apoptosis increases and myogenesis gradually declines. The impaired myogenic and survival potential of the aged skeletal muscle can be ameliorated by its mechanical loading. However, the molecular responses of aged muscle cells to mechanical loading remain unclear. This study examined the effect of mechanical loading of aged, proliferating, and differentiated myoblasts on the gene expression and signaling responses associated with their myogenic lineage progression and survival. METHODS Control and aged C2C12 cells were cultured on elastic membranes and underwent passive stretching for 12 h at a low frequency (0.25 Hz) and different elongations, varying the strain on days 0 and 10 of myoblast differentiation. Activation of ERK1/2 and Akt, and the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and key myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), MyoD and Myogenin, were determined by immunoblotting of the cell lysates derived from stretched and non-stretched myoblasts. Changes in the expression levels of the MRFs, muscle growth, atrophy, and pro-apoptotic factors in response to mechanical loading of the aged and control cells were quantified by real-time qRT-PCR. RESULTS Mechanical stretching applied on myoblasts resulted in the upregulation of FAK both in proliferating (day 0) and differentiated (day 10) cells, as well as in increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in both control and aged cells. Moreover, Akt activation and the expression of early differentiation factor MyoD increased significantly after stretching only in the control myoblasts, while the late differentiation factor Myogenin was upregulated in both the control and aged myoblasts. At the transcriptional level, mechanical loading of the proliferating myoblasts led to an increased expression of IGF-1 isoforms and MRFs, and to downregulation of muscle atrophy factors mainly in control cells, as well as in the upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors both in control and aged cells. In differentiated cells, mechanical loading resulted in an increased expression of the IGF-1Ea isoform and Myogenin, and in the downregulation of atrophy and pro-apoptotic factors in both the control and aged cells. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a diminished beneficial effect of mechanical loading on the myogenic and survival ability of the senescent muscle cells compared with the controls, with a low strain (2%) loading being most effective in upregulating myogenic/anabolic factors and downregulating atrophy and pro-apoptotic genes mainly in the aged myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Moustogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Zevolis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Orjona S. Taso
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- School of Biological Sciences, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Antonios Giannopoulos
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Micras Asias, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-7462690; Fax: +30-210-7462571
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Paulissen E, Martin BL. Myogenic regulatory factors Myod and Myf5 are required for dorsal aorta formation and angiogenic sprouting. Dev Biol 2022; 490:134-143. [PMID: 35917935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate embryonic midline vasculature forms in close proximity to the developing skeletal muscle, which originates in the somites. Angioblasts migrate from bilateral positions along the ventral edge of the somites until they meet at the midline, where they sort and differentiate into the dorsal aorta and the cardinal vein. This migration occurs at the same time that myoblasts in the somites are beginning to differentiate into skeletal muscle, a process which requires the activity of the basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factors Myod and Myf5. Here we examined vasculature formation in myod and myf5 mutant zebrafish. In the absence of skeletal myogenesis, angioblasts migrate normally to the midline but form only the cardinal vein and not the dorsal aorta. The phenotype is due to the failure to activate vascular endothelial growth factor ligand vegfaa expression in the somites, which in turn is required in the adjacent angioblasts for dorsal aorta specification. Myod and Myf5 cooperate with Hedgehog signaling to activate and later maintain vegfaa expression in the medial somites, which is required for angiogenic sprouting from the dorsal aorta. Our work reveals that the early embryonic skeletal musculature in teleosts evolved to organize the midline vasculature during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Paulissen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United States
| | - Benjamin L Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United States.
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Ge L, Su P, Wang S, Gu Y, Cao X, Lv X, Wang S, Getachew T, Mwacharo JM, Haile A, Yuan Z, Sun W. New Insight into the Role of the Leucine Aminopeptidase 3 ( LAP3) in Cell Proliferation and Myogenic Differentiation in Sheep Embryonic Myoblasts. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081438. [PMID: 36011349 PMCID: PMC9408374 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have found that LAP3 may have the potential function to impact sheep muscle development. In order to further explore whether LAP3 expression has an important role in the development of sheep embryonic myoblasts, we conducted the spatiotemporal expression profile analysis of LAP3 at the tissue and cellular level. Then we used small interfering RNA and eukaryotic recombinant vectors to perform gain/loss-of-function analysis of LAP3. CCK-8 detection, EdU staining, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the impact of LAP3 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation of embryonic myoblasts. In addition, cell phenotype observation, MyHC indirect immunofluorescence, and quantitative detection of the expression changes of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) were used to explore the effect of LAP3 on myogenic differentiation. The results showed that the LAP3 expression level in muscle tissue of fetuses was significantly higher than that in newborn lambs and adult sheep, and its expression level on day 3 of differentiation was also significantly higher than that in the proliferation phase and other differentiation time points. LAP3 silencing could significantly increase cell viability and EdU-positive cells, as well as prolonging the length of S phase of myoblasts to promote proliferation, while the results were reversed when LAP3 was overexpressed. Moreover, LAP3 silencing significantly hindered myotube formation and down-regulated the expression levels of MRFs from day 5 to day 7 of terminal differentiation, while the results were reversed when LAP3 was highly expressed. Overall, our results suggested that the expression of LAP3 impacts on the development of sheep embryonic myoblasts which provides an important theoretical basis for molecular breeding of meat production in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengwei Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yifei Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiukai Cao
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tesfaye Getachew
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia
| | - Joram M. Mwacharo
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia
| | - Aynalem Haile
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia
| | - Zehu Yuan
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (W.S.)
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (W.S.)
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10
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Bu L, Cripps RM. Promoter architecture of Drosophila genes regulated by Myocyte enhancer factor-2. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271554. [PMID: 35862472 PMCID: PMC9302807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain understanding into the mechanisms of transcriptional activation of muscle genes, we sought to determine if genes targeted by the myogenic transcription factor Myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) were enriched for specific core promoter elements. We identified 330 known MEF2 target promoters in Drosophila, and analyzed them for for the presence and location of 17 known consensus promoter sequences. As a control, we also searched all Drosophila RNA polymerase II-dependent promoters for the same sequences. We found that promoter motifs were readily detected in the MEF2 target dataset, and that many of them were slightly enriched in frequency compared to the control dataset. A prominent sequence over-represented in the MEF2 target genes was NDM2, that appeared in over 50% of MEF2 target genes and was 2.5-fold over-represented in MEF2 targets compared to background. To test the functional significance of NDM2, we identified two promoters containing a single copy of NDM2 plus an upstream MEF2 site, and tested the activity of these promoters in vivo. Both the sticks and stones and Kahuli fragments showed strong skeletal myoblast-specific expression of a lacZ reporter in embryos. However, the timing and level of reporter expression was unaffected when the NDM2 site in either element was mutated. These studies identify variations in promoter architecture for a set of regulated genes compared to all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes, and underline the potential redundancy in the activities of some core promoter elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Bu
- Department of Biology and Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Cripps
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States of America
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11
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Shirakawa T, Toyono T, Inoue A, Matsubara T, Kawamoto T, Kokabu S. Factors Regulating or Regulated by Myogenic Regulatory Factors in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091493. [PMID: 35563799 PMCID: PMC9104119 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 (also known as Myf6 or herculin) are myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). MRFs are regarded as master transcription factors that are upregulated during myogenesis and influence stem cells to differentiate into myogenic lineage cells. In this review, we summarize MRFs, their regulatory factors, such as TLE3, NF-κB, and MRF target genes, including non-myogenic genes such as taste receptors. Understanding the function of MRFs and the physiology or pathology of satellite cells will contribute to the development of cell therapy and drug discovery for muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Shirakawa
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Takashi Toyono
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Asako Inoue
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Takuma Matsubara
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Tatsuo Kawamoto
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-582-1131; Fax: +81-93-285-6000
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12
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Shepherd DW, Norris JM, Simpson BS, Player DJ, Whitaker HC. Effects of photobiomodulation therapy on regulation of myogenic regulatory factor mRNA expression in vivo: A systematic review. J Biophotonics 2022; 15:e202100219. [PMID: 34799996 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive promotion of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), through photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), may be a viable method of facilitating skeletal muscle regeneration post-injury, given the importance of MRF in skeletal muscle regeneration. The aim of this systematic review was to collate current evidence, identifying key themes and changes in expression of MRF in in vivo models. Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases were systematically searched and identified 1459 studies, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. Myogenic determination factor was most consistently regulated in response to PBMT treatment, and the expression of remaining MRFs was heterogenous. All studies exhibited a high risk of bias, primarily due to lack of blinding in PBMT application and MRF analysis. Our review suggests that the current evidence base for MRF expression from PBMT is highly variable. Future research should focus on developing a robust methodology for determining the effect of laser therapy on MRF expression, as well as long-term assessment of skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Shepherd
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph M Norris
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Benjamin S Simpson
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Darren J Player
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hayley C Whitaker
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
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13
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Vafaeie F, Nomiri S, Ranjbaran J, Safarpour H. ACAN, MDFI, and CHST1 as Candidate Genes in Gastric Cancer: A Comprehensive Insilco Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:683-694. [PMID: 35225482 PMCID: PMC9272619 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.2.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex disorder with an inadequate response to treatment. Although many efforts have been made to clarify the development of GC, the exact etiology and molecular mechanisms of this malignancy remain unclear. This study was designed to identify and characterize essential associated genes with GC to construct a prognostic model. METHODS In this Insilco study, the gene expression microarray dataset GSE122401 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The raw data were processed and quantile-normalized with the edgeR package of R ver.3.5.3. The module-trait relationship and hub-genes associated with GC were analyzed with Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed by Cluepedia and Enrichr Database. Finally, hub-genes were screened and validated by GEPIA online database. RESULTS According to the WGCNA results, the blue module was found to be strongly correlated with the GC (r=0.91, p-value=1e-57). DEGs analysis was performed by edgeR package of R and indicated a total of 47 genes as hub-genes. Verifying the hub-genes expression using GEPIA online database showed a significantly increased level of ACAN gene expression in primary cancer cell line compared to metastatic cell line. On the other hand, the expression of MDFI and CHST1 genes in primary cell lines were lower compared to metastatic cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a framework of the co-expression gene modules ACAN, MDFI, and CHST1 as hub-genes. These hub-genes might offer candidate biomarkers to targeted therapy against GC. Further experiment validation and animal models are needed to reveal the exact mechanism of the above-mentioned genes in the pathogenesis and prognoses of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Vafaeie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Samira Nomiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of medical sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Javad Ranjbaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of medical sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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14
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Sabouri M, Taghibeikzadehbadr P, Shabkhiz F, Izanloo Z, Shaghaghi FA. Effect of eccentric and concentric contraction mode on myogenic regulatory factors expression in human vastus lateralis muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2022; 43:9-20. [PMID: 35018575 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contractions are caused to release myokines by muscle fiber. This study investigated the myogenic regulatory factors, as MHC I, IIA, IIX, Myo-D, MRF4, Murf, Atrogin-1, Decorin, Myonection, and IL-15 mRNA expression in the response of eccentric vs concentric contraction. Eighteen healthy men were randomly divided into two eccentric and concentric groups, each of 9 persons. Isokinetic contraction protocols included maximal single-leg eccentric or concentric knee extension tasks at 60°/s with the dominant leg. Contractions consisted of a maximum of 12 sets of 10 reps, and the rest time between each set was 30 s. The baseline biopsy was performed 4 weeks before the study, and post-test biopsies were taken immediately after exercise protocols from the vastus lateralis muscle. The gene expression levels were evaluated using Real-Time PCR methods. The eccentric group showed a significantly lower RPE score than the concentric group (P ≤ 0.05). A significant difference in MyoD, MRF4, Myonection, and Decorin mRNA, were observed following eccentric or concentric contractions (P ≤ 0.05). The MHC I, MHC IIA, IL-15 mRNA has been changed significantly compared to the pre-exercise in the concentric group (P ≤ 0.05). While only MHC IIX and Atrogin-1 mRNA changed significantly in the eccentric group (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the results showed a significant difference in MyoD, MRF4, IL-15, and Decorin at the follow-up values between eccentric or concentric groups (P ≤ 0.05). Our findings highlight the growing importance of elucidating the different responses of muscle growth factors associated with a myogenic activity such as MHC IIA, Decorin, IL-15, Myonectin, Decorin, MuRF1, and MHC IIX mRNA in following various types of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Sabouri
- Department of Exercise Physiology & Health Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Shabkhiz
- Department of Exercise Physiology & Health Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Izanloo
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Human Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
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15
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Wu XY, Lai JS, Chen YY, Liu Y, Song MJ, Li FY, Shi QC, Gong Q. Characterization of MRF genes and their tissue distributions and analysis of the effects of starvation and refeeding on the expression of these genes in Acipenser dabryanus muscle. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 256:110648. [PMID: 34271194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to clone the sequences of myogenic regulatory factors in Acipenser dabryanus and explore the changes in their expression during starvation and refeeding in A. dabryanus muscle. One hundred twenty fish (60.532 ± 0.284 g) were randomly assigned to four groups (fasted for 0, 3, 7 or 14 d and then refed for 14 d). Our predictions showed that the coding sequences of myod1, myf5, myog and myf6 in A. dabryanus encoded 275, 248, 248 and 243 amino acids, respectively, and the expression of the four genes was the highest in muscle. During fasting, the expression of myod1 in muscle was significantly decreased in the 14 d group. The expressions of myf5 and myf6 were increased significantly at first and then decreased with prolonged starvation time. The expression of myog in the 14 d group was significantly decreased compared with other groups (P < 0.05). During refeeding, the highest values of myod1 and myf6 expression were found in the 3 d group (P < 0.05).The expressions of myf5 and myog in 0 d and 3 d group were significantly higher than those in 7 d and 14 d group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) play important roles in muscle growth and development in A. dabryanus. The inhibition of long-term starvation (14 d) on the expression of myogenic regulatory factors is probably one of the reasons why it can not achieve full compensation for growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Wu
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Lai
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Ye-Yu Chen
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Song
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Fei-Yang Li
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Qing-Chao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 64100, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Fishery Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730, China.
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16
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Husseiny WA, Hassanin AAI, El Nabtiti AAS, Khalil K, Elaswad A. Silver Nanoparticles as Modulators of Myogenesis-Related Gene Expression in Chicken Embryos. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050629. [PMID: 33922304 PMCID: PMC8146831 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of colloidal nanoparticles of silver (Nano-Ag) on the expression of myogenesis-related genes in chicken embryos. The investigated genes included the members of the myogenic regulatory factors family (MRFs) and myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) genes. A total of 200 fertilized broiler eggs (Indian River) were randomly distributed into four groups; non-injected control, injected control with placebo, treatment I in ovo injected with 20 ppm Nano-Ag, and treatment II in ovo injected with 40 ppm Nano-Ag. The eggs were then incubated for 21 days at the optimum temperature and humidity conditions. Breast muscle tissues were collected at the 5th, 8th, and 18th days of the incubation period. The mRNA expression of myogenic determination factor 1 (MYOD1), myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), myogenic factor 6 (MYF6), myogenin (MYOG), and MEF2A was measured at the three sampling points using real-time quantitative PCR, while MYOD1 protein expression was evaluated on day 18 using western blot. Breast muscle tissues were histologically examined on day 18 to detect the changes at the cellular level. Our results indicate that myogenesis was enhanced with the low concentration (20 ppm) of Nano-Ag due to the higher expression of MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 at the transcriptional level and MYOD1 at the translational level. Moreover, histological analysis revealed the presence of hyperplasia (31.4% more muscle fibers) in treatment I (injected with 20 ppm). Our findings indicate that in ovo injection of 20 ppm Nano-Ag enhances the development of muscles in chicken embryos compared with the 40-ppm dosage and provide crucial information for the use of silver nanoparticles in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A. Husseiny
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1003731786
| | - Abeer A. I. Hassanin
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
| | - Adel A. S. El Nabtiti
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
| | - Karim Khalil
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Elaswad
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
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17
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Darzi M, Gorgin S, Majidzadeh-A K, Esmaeili R. Gene co-expression network analysis reveals immune cell infiltration as a favorable prognostic marker in non-uterine leiomyosarcoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2339. [PMID: 33504899 PMCID: PMC7840729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to improve the understanding of non-uterine leiomyosarcoma (NULMS) prognostic genes through system biology approaches. This cancer is heterogeneous and rare. Moreover, gene interaction networks have not been reported in NULMS yet. The datasets were obtained from the public gene expression databases. Seven co-expression modules were identified from 5000 most connected genes; using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Using Cox regression, the modules showed favorable (HR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4-0.89, P = 0.0125), (HR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.44-0.98, P = 0.04) and poor (HR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.06-2.27, P = 0.025) prognosis to the overall survival (OS) (time = 3740 days). The first one was significant in multivariate HR estimates (HR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.28-0.69, P = 0.0004). Enriched genes through the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) revealed significant immune-related pathways; suggesting immune cell infiltration as a favorable prognostic factor. The most significant protective genes were ICAM3, NCR3, KLRB1, and IL18RAP, which were in one of the significant modules. Moreover, genes related to angiogenesis, cell-cell adhesion, protein glycosylation, and protein transport such as PYCR1, SRM, and MDFI negatively affected the OS and were found in the other related module. In conclusion, our analysis suggests that NULMS might be a good candidate for immunotherapy. Moreover, the genes found in this study might be potential candidates for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Darzi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Gorgin
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Wood WM, Otis C, Etemad S, Goldhamer DJ. Development and patterning of rib primordia are dependent on associated musculature. Dev Biol 2020; 468:133-145. [PMID: 32768399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The importance of skeletal muscle for rib development and patterning in the mouse embryo has not been resolved, largely because different experimental approaches have yielded disparate results. In this study, we utilize both gene knockouts and muscle cell ablation approaches to re-visit the extent to which rib growth and patterning are dependent on developing musculature. Consistent with previous studies, we show that rib formation is highly dependent on the MYOD family of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), and demonstrate that the extent of rib formation is gene-, allele-, and dosage-dependent. In the absence of Myf5 and MyoD, one allele of Mrf4 is sufficient for extensive rib growth, although patterning is abnormal. Under conditions of limiting MRF dosage, MyoD is identified as a positive regulator of rib patterning, presumably due to improved intercostal muscle development. In contrast to previous muscle ablation studies, we show that diphtheria toxin subunit A (DTA)-mediated ablation of muscle progenitors or differentiated muscle, using MyoDiCre or HSA-Cre drivers, respectively, profoundly disrupts rib development. Further, a comparison of three independently derived Rosa26-based DTA knockin alleles demonstrates that the degree of rib perturbations in MyoDiCre/+/DTA embryos is markedly dependent on the DTA allele used, and may in part explain discrepancies with previous findings. The results support the conclusion that the extent and quality of rib formation is largely dependent on the dosage of Myf5 and Mrf4, and that both early myotome-sclerotome interactions, as well as later muscle-rib interactions, are important for proper rib growth and patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Wood
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Chelsea Otis
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Shervin Etemad
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - David J Goldhamer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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Shotorbani PY, Chaudhari S, Tao Y, Tsiokas L, Ma R. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a, a new positive regulator of fibronectin production by glomerular mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F673-F682. [PMID: 31984795 PMCID: PMC7099507 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00508.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin by mesangial cells (MCs), contributes to diabetic nephropathy. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a (I-mfa) is a multifunctional cytosolic protein functioning as a transcriptional modulator or plasma channel protein regulator. However, its renal effects are unknown. The present study was conducted to determine whether I-mfa regulated fibronectin production by glomerular MCs. In human MCs, overexpression of I-mfa significantly increased fibronectin abundance. Silencing I-mfa significantly reduced the level of fibronectin mRNA and blunted transforming growth factor-β1-stimulated production of fibronectin. We further found that high glucose increased I-mfa protein content in a time course (≥48 h) and concentration (≥25 mM)-dependent manner. Although high glucose exposure increased I-mfa at the protein level, it did not significantly alter transcripts of I-mfa in MCs. Furthermore, the abundance of I-mfa protein was significantly increased in the renal cortex of rats with diabetic nephropathy. The I-mfa protein level was also elevated in the glomerulus of mice with diabetic kidney disease. However, there was no significant difference in glomerular I-mfa mRNA levels between mice with and without diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, H2O2 significantly increased I-mfa protein abundance in a dose-dependent manner in cultured human MCs. The antioxidants polyethylene glycol-catalase, ammonium pyrrolidithiocarbamate, and N-acetylcysteine significantly blocked the high glucose-induced increase of I-mfa protein. Taken together, our results suggest that I-mfa, increased by high glucose/diabetes through the production of reactive oxygen species, stimulates fibronectin production by MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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20
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Arons E, Zhou H, Sokolsky M, Gorelik D, Potocka K, Davies S, Fykes E, Still K, Edelman DC, Wang Y, Meltzer PS, Raffeld M, Wiestner A, Xi L, Wang HW, Stetler-Stevenson M, Yuan C, Kreitman RJ. Expression of the muscle-associated gene MYF6 in hairy cell leukemia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227586. [PMID: 32040482 PMCID: PMC7010284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a purine analog-responsive B-cell malignancy containing the BRAF V600E mutation, expressing CD22, CD11c, CD103, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) CD25, CD123, and annexin 1A. BRAF V600E and the latter 4 markers are usually absent in the more aggressive and chemoresistant variant HCLv. To evaluate differences between HCL and HCLv, expression microarrays comparing HCL with HCLv were performed for 24694 genes using 47323 probes. Microarray data from 35 HCL and 27 HCLv purified samples showed the greatest HCL-HCLv difference in the muscle-associated gene MYF6, expressed by its 2 probes 18.5- and 10.8-fold higher in HCL than HCLv (p<0.0001). By real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR), 100% of 152 classic HCL samples were MYF6-positive, vs 5 (6%) of 90 blood donors. MYF6-expression was also detected in 18 (35%) of 51 with HCLv, 11 (92%) of 12 with HCL expressing unmutated IGHV4-34, 35 (73%) of 48 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 1 (8%) of 12 with mantle cell lymphoma. Hypomethylation status of MYF6 supported expression in HCL more than HCLv. Posttreatment blood samples becoming negative by flow cytometry remained MYF6+ by RQ-PCR in 42 (48%) of 87 HCL patients, and MYF6 RQ-PCR could detect 1 HCL in 105 normal cells. MYF6, universally expressed in HCL and in most CLL samples, may be a useful biomarker for these leukemias. Further studies are underway to determine the role of MYF6 in HCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Arons
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Mark Sokolsky
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Daniel Gorelik
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Katherine Potocka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Sarah Davies
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Erin Fykes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Katherine Still
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
| | - Daniel C. Edelman
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Adrian Wiestner
- Laboratory of Lymphoid Malignancies, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Hao-Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Constance Yuan
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Kreitman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD , United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Straub J, Gregor A, Sauerer T, Fliedner A, Distel L, Suchy C, Ekici AB, Ferrazzi F, Zweier C. Genetic interaction screen for severe neurodevelopmental disorders reveals a functional link between Ube3a and Mef2 in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1204. [PMID: 31988313 PMCID: PMC6985129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are clinically and genetically extremely heterogeneous with shared phenotypes often associated with genes from the same networks. Mutations in TCF4, MEF2C, UBE3A, ZEB2 or ATRX cause phenotypically overlapping, syndromic forms of NDDs with severe intellectual disability, epilepsy and microcephaly. To characterize potential functional links between these genes/proteins, we screened for genetic interactions in Drosophila melanogaster. We induced ubiquitous or tissue specific knockdown or overexpression of each single orthologous gene (Da, Mef2, Ube3a, Zfh1, XNP) and in pairwise combinations. Subsequently, we assessed parameters such as lethality, wing and eye morphology, neuromuscular junction morphology, bang sensitivity and climbing behaviour in comparison between single and pairwise dosage manipulations. We found most stringent evidence for genetic interaction between Ube3a and Mef2 as simultaneous dosage manipulation in different tissues including glia, wing and eye resulted in multiple phenotype modifications. We subsequently found evidence for physical interaction between UBE3A and MEF2C also in human cells. Systematic pairwise assessment of the Drosophila orthologues of five genes implicated in clinically overlapping, severe NDDs and subsequent confirmation in a human cell line revealed interactions between UBE3A/Ube3a and MEF2C/Mef2, thus contributing to the characterization of the underlying molecular commonalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Straub
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Gregor
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tatjana Sauerer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Fliedner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laila Distel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Suchy
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Lavajoo F, Perelló-Amorós M, Vélez EJ, Sánchez-Moya A, Balbuena-Pecino S, Riera-Heredia N, Fernández-Borràs J, Blasco J, Navarro I, Capilla E, Gutiérrez J. Regulatory mechanisms involved in muscle and bone remodeling during refeeding in gilthead sea bream. Sci Rep 2020; 10:184. [PMID: 31932663 PMCID: PMC6957526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tolerance of fish to fasting offers a model to study the regulatory mechanisms and changes produced when feeding is restored. Gilthead sea bream juveniles were exposed to a 21-days fasting period followed by 2 h to 7-days refeeding. Fasting provoked a decrease in body weight, somatic indexes, and muscle gene expression of members of the Gh/Igf system, signaling molecules (akt, tor and downstream effectors), proliferation marker pcna, myogenic regulatory factors, myostatin, and proteolytic molecules such as cathepsins or calpains, while most ubiquitin-proteasome system members increased or remained stable. In bone, downregulated expression of Gh/Igf members and osteogenic factors was observed, whereas expression of the osteoclastic marker ctsk was increased. Refeeding recovered the expression of Gh/Igf system, myogenic and osteogenic factors in a sequence similar to that of development. Akt and Tor phosphorylation raised at 2 and 5 h post-refeeding, much faster than its gene expression increased, which occurred at day 7. The expression in bone and muscle of the inhibitor myostatin (mstn2) showed an inverse profile suggesting an inter-organ coordination that needs to be further explored in fish. Overall, this study provides new information on the molecules involved in the musculoskeletal system remodeling during the early stages of refeeding in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lavajoo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, I.R., Iran
| | - M Perelló-Amorós
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E J Vélez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - A Sánchez-Moya
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Balbuena-Pecino
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Riera-Heredia
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Fernández-Borràs
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Blasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Valladares-Ide D, Peñailillo L, Collao N, Marambio H, Deldicque L, Zbinden-Foncea H. Activation of protein synthesis, regeneration, and MAPK signaling pathways following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1131-E1139. [PMID: 31593504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00216.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the activation of skeletal muscle signaling pathways related to protein synthesis and the gene expression of regeneration/degradation markers following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Nine untrained men (25.4 ± 1.9 yr) performed two 30-min eccentric cycling bouts (ECC1, ECC2) at 85% of maximal concentric workload, separated by 2 wk. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before and 2 h after each bout. Indirect markers of muscle damage were assessed before and 24-48 h after exercise. Changes in the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/rbosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1)/ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) and MAPK signaling pathways were measured by Western blot and changes in mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) were measured by real-time PCR. ECC1 induced greater increases in indirect markers of muscle damage compared with ECC2. Phosphorylation of S6K1 and rpS6 increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), whereas phosphorylation of mTOR increased after ECC2 only (P = 0.03). Atrogin-1 mRNA expression decreased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05) without changes in muscle RING-finger protein-1 mRNA. Basal mRNA levels of myoblast determination protein-1 (MyoD), MRF4, and myogenin were higher 2 wk after ECC1 (P < 0.05). MRF4 mRNA increased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05), whereas MyoD mRNA expression increased only after ECC1 (P = 0.03). Phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), similar to IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression. All together, these results suggest that differential regulation of the mTOR pathway and MRF expression could mediate the repeated bout effect observed between an initial and secondary bout of eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Valladares-Ide
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Peñailillo
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Collao
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Marambio
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hermann Zbinden-Foncea
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Vieira PDC, Waghabi MC, Beghini DG, Predes D, Abreu JG, Mouly V, Butler-Browne G, Barbosa HS, Adesse D. Toxoplasma gondii Impairs Myogenesis in vitro, With Changes in Myogenic Regulatory Factors, Altered Host Cell Proliferation and Secretory Profile. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:395. [PMID: 31828046 PMCID: PMC6890860 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease with a wide global prevalence. The parasite forms cysts in skeletal muscle cells and neurons, although no evident association with inflammatory infiltrates has been typically found. We studied the impact of T. gondii infection on the myogenic program of mouse skeletal muscle cells (SkMC). The C2C12 murine myoblast cell line was infected with T. gondii tachyzoites (ME49 strain) for 24 h followed by myogenic differentiation induction. T. gondii infection caused a general decrease in myotube differentiation, fusion and maturation, along with decreased expression of myosin heavy chain. The expression of Myogenic Regulatory Factors Myf5, MyoD, Mrf4 and myogenin was modulated by the infection. Infected cultures presented increased proliferation rates, as assessed by Ki67 immunostaining, whereas neither host cell lysis nor apoptosis were significantly augmented in infected dishes. Cytokine Bead Array indicated that IL-6 and MCP-1 were highly increased in the medium from infected cultures, whereas TGF-β1 was consistently decreased. Inhibition of the IL-6 receptor or supplementation with recombinant TGF-β failed to reverse the deleterious effects caused by the infection. However, conditioned medium from infected cultures inhibited myogenesis in C2C12 cells. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was impaired in T. gondii-infected cultures. Our data indicate that T. gondii leads SkMCs to a pro-inflammatory phenotype, leaving cells unresponsive to β-catenin activation, and inhibition of the myogenic differentiation program. Such deregulation may suggest muscle atrophy and molecular mechanisms similar to those involved in myositis observed in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Caldas Waghabi
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gois Beghini
- Laboratório de Inovação em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danilo Predes
- Laboratório de Embriologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Garcia Abreu
- Laboratório de Embriologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Myology Research Center UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Gillian Butler-Browne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Myology Research Center UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Helene Santos Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Adesse
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Huang W, Guo L, Zhao M, Zhang D, Xu H, Nie Q. The Inhibition on MDFIC and PI3K/AKT Pathway Caused by miR-146b-3p Triggers Suppression of Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation and Promotion of Apoptosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070656. [PMID: 31261950 PMCID: PMC6678156 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies report that microRNAs (miRNAs) are actively involved in skeletal myogenesis. Previously, our study revealed that miR-146b-3p was related to the growth of skeletal muscle. Here, we further report that miR-146b-3p is essential for the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of chicken myoblast. Elevated expression of miR-146b-3p can dramatically suppress proliferation and differentiation, and facilitate apoptosis of chicken myoblast. Besides, we identified two target genes of miR-146b-3p, AKT1 and MDFIC, and found that miR-146b-3p can inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway. Our study also showed that both AKT1 and MDFIC can promote the proliferation and differentiation while inhibit the apoptosis of myoblast in chicken. Overall, our results demonstrate that miR-146b-3p, directly suppressing PI3K/AKT pathway and MDFIC, acts in the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of myoblast in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Huang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lijin Guo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Minxing Zhao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dexiang Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haiping Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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26
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Hou L, Zhu L, Li H, Jiang F, Cao L, Hu CY, Wang C. MiR-501-3p Forms a Feedback Loop with FOS, MDFI, and MyoD to Regulate C2C12 Myogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060573. [PMID: 31212688 PMCID: PMC6627719 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays an essential role in maintaining body energy homeostasis and body flexibility. Loss of muscle mass leads to slower wound healing and recovery from illness, physical disability, poor quality of life, and higher health care costs. So, it is critical for us to understand the mechanism of skeletal muscle myogenic differentiation for maintaining optimal health throughout life. miR-501-3p is a novel muscle-specific miRNA, and its regulation mechanism on myoblast myogenic differentiation is still not clear. We demonstrated that FOS was a direct target gene of miR-501-3p, and MyoD regulated miR-501-3p host gene Clcn5 through bioinformatics prediction. Our previous laboratory experiment found that MDFI overexpression promoted C2C12 myogenic differentiation and MyoD expression. The database also showed there is an FOS binding site in the MDFI promoter region. Therefore, we hypothesize that miR-501-3p formed a feedback loop with FOS, MDFI, and MyoD to regulate myoblast differentiation. To validate our hypothesis, we demonstrated miR-501-3p function in the proliferation and differentiation period of C2C12 cells by transfecting cells with miR-501-3p mimic and inhibitor. Then, we confirmed there is a direct regulatory relationship between miR-501-3p and FOS, MyoD and miR-501-3p, FOS and MDFI through QPCR, dual-luciferase reporter system, and ChIP experiments. Our results not only expand our understanding of the muscle myogenic development mechanism in which miRNA and genes participate in controlling skeletal muscle development, but also provide treatment strategies for skeletal muscle or metabolic-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjie Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Linhui Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huaqin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fangyi Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lingbo Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Chong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Ghanim H, Dhindsa S, Batra M, Green K, Abuaysheh S, Kuhadiya ND, Makdissi A, Chaudhuri A, Dandona P. Effect of Testosterone on FGF2, MRF4, and Myostatin in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Relevance to Muscle Growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:2094-2102. [PMID: 30629183 PMCID: PMC6481910 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 is an important stimulatory modulator of satellite cells in skeletal muscle. Satellite cells play a cardinal role in muscle growth and repair. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether skeletal muscle expression of FGF2 and muscle growth and differentiation factors are reduced in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and whether testosterone replacement therapy results in their restoration. DESIGN This is a secondary analysis of a previously completed trial of testosterone replacement in men with type 2 diabetes and HH. SETTING Clinical Research Center at a university. PATIENTS Twenty-two men with HH and 20 eugonadal men were compared at baseline. INTERVENTIONS Twelve men with HH were treated with intramuscular injections of 250 mg testosterone every 2 weeks for 22 weeks, and 10 men received placebo injections. Quadriceps muscle biopsies and blood samples were obtained before and after testosterone therapy. OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS The expression of FGF2 and FGF receptor (FGFR)2 in skeletal muscle of men with HH was significantly lower than that in eugonadal men by 57% and 39%, respectively (P < 0.05). After 22 weeks of testosterone, the expression of FGF2 increased, whereas that of myogenic regulatory factor (MRF)4 and myostatin decreased significantly. There was no change in expression of FGFR2, myogenin, or myogenic differentiation protein in the skeletal muscle. Plasma FGF2 and IGF-1 concentrations increased after testosterone therapy. CONCLUSIONS These data show that testosterone is a major modulator of FGF2, MRF4, and myostatin expression in skeletal muscle. These effects may contribute to the increase in muscle mass after testosterone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Ghanim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Sandeep Dhindsa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Manav Batra
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Kelly Green
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Sanaa Abuaysheh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Nitesh D Kuhadiya
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Antoine Makdissi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Ajay Chaudhuri
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Paresh Dandona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Paresh Dandona, MD, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1000 Youngs Road, Suite 105, Williamsville, New York 14221. E-mail:
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Jin RM, Warunek J, Wohlfert EA. Chronic infection stunts macrophage heterogeneity and disrupts immune-mediated myogenesis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121549. [PMID: 30232283 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The robust regenerative potential of skeletal muscle is imperative for the maintenance of tissue function across a host of potential insults including exercise, infection, and trauma. The highly coordinated action of multiple immune populations, especially macrophages, plays an indispensable role in guiding this reparative program. However, it remains unclear how skeletal muscle repair proceeds in a chronically inflamed setting, such as infection, where an active immune response is already engaged. To address this question, we used a cardiotoxin injury model to challenge the reparative potential of chronically infected muscle. Compared with regenerating naive skeletal muscle, infected skeletal muscle exhibited multiple indicators of delayed muscle repair including a divergent morphologic response to injury and dysregulated expression of myogenic regulatory factors. Further, using both flow cytometric and single-cell RNA sequencing approaches, we show that reduced macrophage heterogeneity due to delayed emergence of restorative subsets underlies dysfunctional tissue repair during chronic infection. Our findings highlight how the preexisting inflammatory environment within tissue alters reparative immunity and ultimately the quality of tissue regeneration.
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An GH, Chen M, Zhan WF, Hu B, Zhang HX. [Phrenic nerve stimulation protects against mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction through myogenic regulatory factors]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2018; 41:111-115. [PMID: 29429217 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the protective effect of electrical stimulation of phrenic nerve on diaphragmatic function during mechanical ventilation. Methods: Forty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group (BC), spontaneous breathing group (SB), electrical stimulation group (ES), mechanical ventilation group (MV), and electrical stimulation and mechanical ventilation group (MS). The rats in each group were treated for 18 h except for the BC group. After treatment, the diaphragm muscle tissue was obtained and the diaphragm contractility including peak-to-peak value(Vpp) and maximum rate of contraction(+ dT/dt max) were measured. Expression of MyoD and myogenin were detected. Results: Except for the ES and the MS groups, there was a significant difference for peak-to-peak value (Vpp) between each 2 groups (P<0.05). Expression levels of MyoD in treatment groups were also significantly different (P<0.05). Expressions of MS(Q-PCR 2(-ΔΔCt) value: 11.66±2.80) and MV(Q-PCR 2(-ΔΔCt) value: 40.89±24.71) in the treatment group were significantly different (P<0.05). The expression of myogenin in the MS and the MV groups were significantly different from those of the BC group(P<0.05), however there was no significant difference between the MS(Q-PCR 2(-ΔΔCt) value: 2.58±2.75) and the MV group(Q-PCR 2(-ΔΔCt) value: 1.63±0.71). Conclusions: Electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve can change the expression level of MyoD and myogenin to offset mechanical ventilation induced diaphragmatic function damage, and therefore plays a protective effect on the diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H An
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Potes Y, de Luxán-Delgado B, Rodriguez-González S, Guimarães MRM, Solano JJ, Fernández-Fernández M, Bermúdez M, Boga JA, Vega-Naredo I, Coto-Montes A. Overweight in elderly people induces impaired autophagy in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:31-41. [PMID: 28549989 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and quality associated with aging. Changes in body composition, especially in skeletal muscle and fat mass are crucial steps in the development of chronic diseases. We studied the effect of overweight on skeletal muscle tissue in elderly people without reaching obesity to prevent this extreme situation. Overweight induces a progressive protein breakdown reflected as a progressive withdrawal of anabolism against the promoted catabolic state leading to muscle wasting. Protein turnover is regulated by a network of signaling pathways. Muscle damage derived from overweight displayed by oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces inflammation and insulin resistance and forces the muscle to increase requirements from autophagy mechanisms. Our findings showed that failure of autophagy in the elderly deprives it to deal with the cell damage caused by overweight. This insufficiently efficient autophagy leads to an accumulation of p62 and NBR1, which are robust markers of protein aggregations. This impaired autophagy affects myogenesis activity. Depletion of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) without links to variations in myostatin levels in overweight patients suggest a possible reduction of satellite cells in muscle tissue, which contributes to declined muscle quality. This discovery has important implications that improve the understanding of aged-related atrophy caused by overweight and demonstrates how impaired autophagy is one of the main responsible mechanisms that aggravate muscle wasting. Therefore, autophagy could be an interesting target for therapeutic interventions in humans against muscle impairment diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Susana Rodriguez-González
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Marcela Rodrigues Moreira Guimarães
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Laboratory of Nutritional Investigation and Degenerative-Chronic Diseases (LINDCD), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Xavier Sigaud Street, 290, 22290-240 Rio de Janeiro City, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
| | - Juan J Solano
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, Av. Dolores Fernández Vega 107, 33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Fernández
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, Av. Dolores Fernández Vega 107, 33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Manuel Bermúdez
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, Av. Dolores Fernández Vega 107, 33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose A Boga
- Microbiology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Av. Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, 3004-517 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Arredondo JJ, Vivar J, Laine-Menéndez S, Martínez-Morentin L, Cervera M. CF2 transcription factor is involved in the regulation of Mef2 RNA levels, nuclei number and muscle fiber size. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179194. [PMID: 28617826 PMCID: PMC5472297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CF2 and Mef2 influence a variety of developmental muscle processes at distinct stages of development. Nevertheless, the exact nature of the CF2-Mef2 relationship and its effects on muscle building remain yet to be resolved. Here, we explored the regulatory role of CF2 in the Drosophila embryo muscle formation. To address this question and not having proper null CF2 mutants we exploited loss or gain of function strategies to study the contribution of CF2 to Mef2 transcription regulation and to muscle formation. Our data point to CF2 as a factor involved in the regulation of muscle final size and/or the number of nuclei present in each muscle. This function is independent of its role as a Mef2 collaborative factor in the transcriptional regulation of muscle-structural genes. Although Mef2 expression patterns do not change, reductions or increases in parallel in CF2 and Mef2 transcript abundance were observed in interfered and overexpressed CF2 embryos. Since CF2 expression variations yield altered Mef2 expression levels but with correct spatio-temporal Mef2 expression patterns, it can be concluded that only the mechanism controlling expression levels is de-regulated. Here, it is proposed that CF2 regulates Mef2 expression through a Feedforward Loop circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Arredondo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), c/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJA); (MC)
| | - Jorge Vivar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), c/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Laine-Menéndez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), c/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Martínez-Morentin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), c/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Cervera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), c/ Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJA); (MC)
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Kalbe C, Lösel D, Block J, Lefaucheur L, Brüssow KP, Bellmann O, Pfuhl R, Puppe B, Otten W, Metges CC, Rehfeldt C. Moderate high or low maternal protein diets change gene expression but not the phenotype of skeletal muscle from porcine fetuses. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 58:63-75. [PMID: 27664381 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to characterize the immediate phenotypic and adaptive regulatory responses of fetuses to different in utero conditions reflecting inadequate maternal protein supply during gestation. The gilts fed high- (250% above control) or low- (50% under control) protein diets isoenergetically adjusted at the expense of carbohydrates from the day of insemination until the fetuses were collected at day 64 or 94 of gestation. We analyzed body composition, histomorphology, biochemistry, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of fetal skeletal muscle. Both diets had only marginal effects on body composition and muscular cellularity of fetuses including an unchanged total number of myofibers. However, mRNA expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MYOG, MRF4, P ≤ 0.1), IGF system (IGF1, IGF1R, P ≤ 0.05) and myostatin antagonist FST (P = 0.6, in males only) was reduced in the fetal muscle exposed to a maternal low-protein diet. As a result of excess protein, MYOD, MYOG, IGF1R, and IGFBP5 mRNA expression (P ≤ 0.05) was upregulated in fetal muscle. Differences in muscular mRNA expression indicate in utero regulatory adaptive responses to maternal diet. Modulation of gene expression immediately contributes to the maintenance of an appropriate fetal phenotype that would be similar to that observed in the control fetuses. Moreover, we suggest that the modified gene expression in fetal skeletal muscle can be viewed as the origin of developmental muscular plasticity involved in the concept of fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kalbe
- Institute of Muscle Biology & Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - D Lösel
- Institute of Muscle Biology & Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J Block
- Institute of Muscle Biology & Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - L Lefaucheur
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche 1348 sur la Physiologie, l'Environnement et la Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France
| | - K-P Brüssow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - O Bellmann
- Institutional Veterinarian of the Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - R Pfuhl
- Institute of Muscle Biology & Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - B Puppe
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - W Otten
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C C Metges
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C Rehfeldt
- Institute of Muscle Biology & Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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Roy NM, Ochs J, Zambrzycka E, Anderson A. Glyphosate induces cardiovascular toxicity in Danio rerio. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 46:292-300. [PMID: 27525560 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide used aggressively in agricultural practices as well as home garden care. Although labeled "safe" by the chemical industry, doses tested by industry do not mimic chronic exposures to sublethal doses that organisms in the environment are exposed to over long periods of time. Given the widespread uses of and exposure to glyphosate, studies on developmental toxicity are needed. Here we utilize the zebrafish vertebrate model system to study early effects of glyphosate on the developing heart. Treatment by embryo soaking with 50μg/ml glyphosate starting at gastrulation results in structural abnormalities in the atrium and ventricle, irregular heart looping, situs inversus as well as decreased heartbeats by 48h as determined by live imaging and immunohistochemistry. Vasculature in the body was also affected as determined using fli-1 transgenic embryos. To determine if the effects noted at 48h post fertilization are due to early stage alterations in myocardial precursors, we also investigate cardiomyocyte development with a Mef2 antibody and by mef2ca in situ hybridization and find alterations in the Mef2/mef2ca staining patterns during early cardiac patterning stages. We conclude that glyphosate is developmentally toxic to the zebrafish heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Roy
- Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, United States.
| | - Jeremy Ochs
- Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, United States
| | - Ewelina Zambrzycka
- Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, United States
| | - Ariann Anderson
- Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, United States
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Rana K, Chiu MWS, Russell PK, Skinner JP, Lee NKL, Fam BC, Zajac JD, MacLean HE. Muscle-specific androgen receptor deletion shows limited actions in myoblasts but not in myofibers in different muscles in vivo. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 57:125-38. [PMID: 27402875 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the direct muscle cell-mediated actions of androgens by comparing two different mouse lines. The cre-loxP system was used to delete the DNA-binding activity of the androgen receptor (AR) in mature myofibers (MCK mAR(ΔZF2)) in one model and the DNA-binding activity of the AR in both proliferating myoblasts and myofibers (α-actin mAR(ΔZF2)) in another model. We found that hind-limb muscle mass was normal in MCK mAR(ΔZF2) mice and that relative mass of only some hind-limb muscles was reduced in α-actin mAR(ΔZF2) mice. This suggests that myoblasts and myofibers are not the major cellular targets mediating the anabolic actions of androgens on male muscle during growth and development. Levator ani muscle mass was decreased in both mouse lines, demonstrating that there is a myofiber-specific effect in this unique androgen-dependent muscle. We found that the pattern of expression of genes including c-myc, Fzd4 and Igf2 is associated with androgen-dependent changes in muscle mass; therefore, these genes are likely to be mediators of anabolic actions of androgens. Further research is required to identify the major targets of androgen actions in muscle, which are likely to include indirect actions via other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesha Rana
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria W S Chiu
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patricia K Russell
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jarrod P Skinner
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole K L Lee
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara C Fam
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey D Zajac
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E MacLean
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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Khor SC, Razak AM, Wan Ngah WZ, Mohd Yusof YA, Abdul Karim N, Makpol S. The Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Is Superior to Tocopherol in Promoting Myogenic Differentiation in the Prevention of Replicative Senescence of Myoblasts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149265. [PMID: 26885980 PMCID: PMC4757569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging results in a loss of muscle mass and strength. Myoblasts play an important role in maintaining muscle mass through regenerative processes, which are impaired during aging. Vitamin E potentially ameliorates age-related phenotypes. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effects of the tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol (ATF) in protecting myoblasts from replicative senescence and promoting myogenic differentiation. Primary human myoblasts were cultured into young and senescent stages and were then treated with TRF or ATF for 24 h, followed by an analysis of cell proliferation, senescence biomarkers, cellular morphology and differentiation. Our data showed that replicative senescence impaired the normal regenerative processes of myoblasts, resulting in changes in cellular morphology, cell proliferation, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression, myogenic differentiation and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression. Treatment with both TRF and ATF was beneficial to senescent myoblasts in reclaiming the morphology of young cells, improved cell viability and decreased SA-β-gal expression. However, only TRF treatment increased BrdU incorporation in senescent myoblasts, as well as promoted myogenic differentiation through the modulation of MRFs at the mRNA and protein levels. MYOD1 and MYOG gene expression and myogenin protein expression were modulated in the early phases of myogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the tocotrienol-rich fraction is superior to α-tocopherol in ameliorating replicative senescence-related aberration and promoting differentiation via modulation of MRFs expression, indicating vitamin E potential in modulating replicative senescence of myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shy Cian Khor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azraul Mumtazah Razak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norwahidah Abdul Karim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Chandra S, Terragni J, Zhang G, Pradhan S, Haushka S, Johnston D, Baribault C, Lacey M, Ehrlich M. Tissue-specific epigenetics in gene neighborhoods: myogenic transcription factor genes. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4660-73. [PMID: 26041816 PMCID: PMC4512632 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) genes, MYOD1, MYOG, MYF6 and MYF5, are critical for the skeletal muscle lineage. Here, we used various epigenome profiles from human myoblasts (Mb), myotubes (Mt), muscle and diverse non-muscle samples to elucidate the involvement of multigene neighborhoods in the regulation of MRF genes. We found more far-distal enhancer chromatin associated with MRF genes in Mb and Mt than previously reported from studies in mice. For the MYF5/MYF6 gene-pair, regions of Mb-associated enhancer chromatin were located throughout the adjacent 236-kb PTPRQ gene even though Mb expressed negligible amounts of PTPRQ mRNA. Some enhancer chromatin regions inside PTPRQ in Mb were also seen in PTPRQ mRNA-expressing non-myogenic cells. This suggests dual-purpose PTPRQ enhancers that upregulate expression of PTPRQ in non-myogenic cells and MYF5/MYF6 in myogenic cells. In contrast, the myogenic enhancer chromatin regions distal to MYOD1 were intergenic and up to 19 kb long. Two of them contain small, known MYOD1 enhancers, and one displayed an unusually high level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in a quantitative DNA hydroxymethylation assay. Unexpectedly, three regions of MYOD1-distal enhancer chromatin in Mb and Mt overlapped enhancer chromatin in umbilical vein endothelial cells, which might upregulate a distant gene (PIK3C2A). Lastly, genes surrounding MYOG were preferentially transcribed in Mt, like MYOG itself, and exhibited nearby myogenic enhancer chromatin. These neighboring chromatin regions may be enhancers acting in concert to regulate myogenic expression of multiple adjacent genes. Our findings reveal the very different and complex organization of gene neighborhoods containing closely related transcription factor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruti Chandra
- Program in Human Genetics, Tulane Cancer Center, and Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stephen Haushka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA, and
| | - Douglas Johnston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Carl Baribault
- Tulane Cancer Center and Department of Mathematics, Tulane Health Sciences Center and Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Michelle Lacey
- Tulane Cancer Center and Department of Mathematics, Tulane Health Sciences Center and Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Melanie Ehrlich
- Program in Human Genetics, Tulane Cancer Center, and Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA,
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Lovato TL, Sensibaugh CA, Swingle KL, Martinez MM, Cripps RM. The Drosophila Transcription Factors Tinman and Pannier Activate and Collaborate with Myocyte Enhancer Factor-2 to Promote Heart Cell Fate. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26225919 PMCID: PMC4520567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the MADS domain transcription factor Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2) is regulated by numerous and overlapping enhancers which tightly control its transcription in the mesoderm. To understand how Mef2 expression is controlled in the heart, we identified a late stage Mef2 cardiac enhancer that is active in all heart cells beginning at stage 14 of embryonic development. This enhancer is regulated by the NK-homeodomain transcription factor Tinman, and the GATA transcription factor Pannier through both direct and indirect interactions with the enhancer. Since Tinman, Pannier and MEF2 are evolutionarily conserved from Drosophila to vertebrates, and since their vertebrate homologs can convert mouse fibroblast cells to cardiomyocytes in different activator cocktails, we tested whether over-expression of these three factors in vivo could ectopically activate known cardiac marker genes. We found that mesodermal over-expression of Tinman and Pannier resulted in approximately 20% of embryos with ectopic Hand and Sulphonylurea receptor (Sur) expression. By adding MEF2 alongside Tinman and Pannier, a dramatic expansion in the expression of Hand and Sur was observed in almost all embryos analyzed. Two additional cardiac markers were also expanded in their expression. Our results demonstrate the ability to initiate ectopic cardiac fate in vivo by the combination of only three members of the conserved Drosophila cardiac transcription network, and provide an opportunity for this genetic model system to be used to dissect the mechanisms of cardiac specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- TyAnna L. Lovato
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A. Sensibaugh
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, United States of America
| | - Kirstie L. Swingle
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, United States of America
| | - Melody M. Martinez
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Cripps
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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38
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Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are multidomain proteins that play a critical role in orchestrating stem cell differentiation, but several limitations hinder the full potential of TF-based gene regulation. Here we report a unique strategy to emulate TFs and differentiate stem cells in a nonviral approach using an artificial, nanoparticle-based transcription factor called NanoScript. The NanoScript platform consists of a gold nanoparticle functionalized with small molecules that mimic the various domains of TFs. As a result, NanoScript mimics the function and structure of TF proteins. Specifically, NanoScript was designed to regulate muscle cell differentiation by targeting myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), which play an important role in inducing myogenesis. This NanoScript-MRF is stable in physiological environments, localizes within the nucleus, induces differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into mature muscle cells in 7 days, and is naturally excreted from induced muscle cells. As such, NanoScript represents a safe and powerful tool for applications requiring gene manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahishnu Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Perry T. Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Brunetti TM, Fremin BJ, Cripps RM. Identification of singles bar as a direct transcriptional target of Drosophila Myocyte enhancer factor-2 and a regulator of adult myoblast fusion. Dev Biol 2015; 401:299-309. [PMID: 25797154 PMCID: PMC4424145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Drosophila, myoblast fusion is a conserved process in which founder cells (FCs) and fusion competent myoblasts (FCMs) fuse to form a syncytial muscle fiber. Mutants for the myogenic regulator Myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) show a failure of myoblast fusion, indicating that MEF2 regulates the fusion process. Indeed, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies show that several genes involved in myoblast fusion are bound by MEF2 during embryogenesis. Of these, the MARVEL domain gene singles bar (sing), is down-regulated in MEF2 knockdown pupae, and has five consensus MEF2 binding sites within a 9000-bp region. To determine if MEF2 is an essential and direct regulator of sing during pupal muscle development, we identified a 315-bp myoblast enhancer of sing. This enhancer was active during myoblast fusion, and mutation of two MEF2 sites significantly decreased enhancer activity. We show that lack of sing expression resulted in adult lethality and muscle loss, due to a failure of fusion during the pupal stage. Additionally, we sought to determine if sing was required in either FCs or FCMs to support fusion. Interestingly, knockdown of sing in either population did not significantly affect fusion, however, knockdown in both FCs and FCMs resulted in muscles with significantly reduced nuclei numbers, provisionally indicating that sing function is required in either cell type, but not both. Finally, we found that MEF2 regulated sing expression at the embryonic stage through the same 315-bp enhancer, indicating that sing is a MEF2 target at both critical stages of myoblast fusion. Our studies define for the first time how MEF2 directly controls fusion at multiple stages of the life cycle, and provide further evidence that the mechanisms of fusion characterized in Drosophila embryos is also used in the formation of the more complex adult muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya M Brunetti
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Brayon J Fremin
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Richard M Cripps
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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Murach K, Raue U, Wilkerson B, Minchev K, Jemiolo B, Bagley J, Luden N, Trappe S. Single muscle fiber gene expression with run taper. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108547. [PMID: 25268477 PMCID: PMC4182496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated gene expression changes in gastrocnemius slow-twitch myosin heavy chain I (MHC I) and fast-twitch (MHC IIa) muscle fibers of collegiate cross-country runners (n = 6, 20±1 y, VO2max = 70±1 ml•kg−1•min−1) during two distinct training phases. In a controlled environment, runners performed identical 8 kilometer runs (30∶18±0∶30 min:s, 89±1% HRmax) while in heavy training (∼72 km/wk) and following a 3 wk taper. Training volume during the taper leading into peak competition was reduced ∼50% which resulted in improved race times and greater cross-section and improved function of MHC IIa fibers. Single muscle fibers were isolated from pre and 4 hour post run biopsies in heavily trained and tapered states to examine the dynamic acute exercise response of the growth-related genes Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (FN14), Myostatin (MSTN), Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), Muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MURF1), Myogenic factor 6 (MRF4), and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) via qPCR. FN14 increased 4.3-fold in MHC IIa fibers with exercise in the tapered state (P<0.05). MSTN was suppressed with exercise in both fiber types and training states (P<0.05) while MURF1 and HSP72 responded to running in MHC IIa and I fibers, respectively, regardless of training state (P<0.05). Robust induction of FN14 (previously shown to strongly correlate with hypertrophy) and greater overall transcriptional flexibility with exercise in the tapered state provides an initial molecular basis for fast-twitch muscle fiber performance gains previously observed after taper in competitive endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Murach
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Ulrika Raue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Brittany Wilkerson
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kiril Minchev
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Bozena Jemiolo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - James Bagley
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Luden
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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41
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Caine C, Kasherov P, Silber J, Lalouette A. Mef2 interacts with the Notch pathway during adult muscle development in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108149. [PMID: 25247309 PMCID: PMC4172597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenesis of indirect flight muscles (IFMs) in Drosophila melanogaster follows a well-defined cellular developmental scheme. During embryogenesis, a set of cells, the Adult Muscle Precursors (AMPs), are specified. These cells will become proliferating myoblasts during the larval stages which will then give rise to the adult IFMs. Although the cellular aspect of this developmental process is well studied, the molecular biology behind the different stages is still under investigation. In particular, the interactions required during the transition from proliferating myoblasts to differentiated myoblasts ready to fuse to the muscle fiber. It has been previously shown that the Notch pathway is active in proliferating myoblasts, and that this pathway is inhibited in developing muscle fibers. Furthermore, the Myocyte Enhancing Factor 2 (Mef2), Vestigial (Vg) and Scalloped (Sd) transcription factors are necessary for IFM development and that Vg is required for Notch pathway repression in differentiating fibers. Here we examine the interactions between Notch and Mef2 and mechanisms by which the Notch pathway is inhibited during differentiation. We show that Mef2 is capable of inhibiting the Notch pathway in non myogenic cells. A previous screen for Mef2 potential targets identified Delta a component of the Notch pathway. Dl is expressed in Mef2 and Sd-positive developing fibers. Our results show that Mef2 and possibly Sd regulate a Dl enhancer specifically expressed in the developing IFMs and that Mef2 is required for Dl expression in developing IFMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Caine
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Petar Kasherov
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Joël Silber
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Lalouette
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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42
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Vélez EJ, Lutfi E, Jiménez-Amilburu V, Riera-Codina M, Capilla E, Navarro I, Gutiérrez J. IGF-I and amino acids effects through TOR signaling on proliferation and differentiation of gilthead sea bream cultured myocytes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 205:296-304. [PMID: 24882593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth and development is controlled by nutritional (amino acids, AA) as well as hormonal factors (insulin-like growth factor, IGF-I); however, how its interaction modulates muscle mass in fish is not clearly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of gilthead sea bream cultured myocytes to describe the effects of AA and IGF-I on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression, as well as on the transduction pathways involved in its signaling (TOR/AKT). Our results showed that AA and IGF-I separately increased the number of PCNA-positive cells and, together produced a synergistic effect. Furthermore, AA and IGF-I, combined or separately, increased significantly Myogenin protein expression, whereas MyoD was not affected. These results indicate a role for these factors in myocyte proliferation and differentiation. At the mRNA level, AA significantly enhanced PCNA expression, but no effects were observed on the expression of the MRFs or AKT2 and FOXO3 upon treatment. Nonetheless, we demonstrated for the first time in gilthead sea bream that AA significantly increased the gene expression of TOR and its downstream effectors 4EBP1 and 70S6K, with IGF-I having a supporting role on 4EBP1 up-regulation. Moreover, AA and IGF-I also activated TOR and AKT by phosphorylation, respectively, being this activation decreased by specific inhibitors. In summary, the present study demonstrates the importance of TOR signaling on the stimulatory role of AA and IGF-I in gilthead sea bream myogenesis and contributes to better understand the potential regulation of muscle growth and development in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio J Vélez
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esmail Lutfi
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Amilburu
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Riera-Codina
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gutiérrez
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Yu SY, Yoon BR, Lee YJ, Lee JS, Hong HD, Lee YC, Kim YC, Cho CW, Kim KT, Lee OH. Inhibitory effect of high temperature- and high pressure-treated red ginseng on exercise-induced oxidative stress in ICR mouse. Nutrients 2014; 6:1003-15. [PMID: 24609134 PMCID: PMC3967174 DOI: 10.3390/nu6031003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As previously reported, high temperature- and high pressure-treated red ginseng (HRG) contain higher contents of phenolic compounds and protect C2C12 muscle cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes against oxidative stress. This study investigated the effect of HRG on oxidative stress using a mouse model. Our results show that the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, hepatic malondialdehyde in the HRG group were significantly lower than those of the exercise groups supplemented with commercial red ginseng (CRG) or not supplemented. The muscular glycogen level, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities of the HGR group were higher than that of the CGR group. Furthermore, the HRG treatment group displayed upregulated mRNA expression of Cu/Zn-SOD and muscle regulatory factor 4. These results indicate that HRG may protect oxidative stress induced by exercise as well as improve exercise performance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Yeong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Bo-Ra Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Young-Jun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Hee-Do Hong
- Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea.
| | | | | | - Chang-Won Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea.
| | | | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
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Wu YJ, Fang YH, Chi HC, Chang LC, Chung SY, Huang WC, Wang XW, Lee KW, Chen SL. Insulin and LiCl synergistically rescue myogenic differentiation of FoxO1 over-expressed myoblasts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88450. [PMID: 24551104 PMCID: PMC3923792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Most recent studies reported that FoxO1 transcription factor was a negative regulator of myogenesis under serum withdrawal condition, a situation not actually found in vivo. Therefore, the role of FoxO1 in myogenesis should be re-examined under more physiologically relevant conditions. Here we found that FoxO1 was preferentially localized to nucleus in proliferating (PMB) and confluent myoblasts (CMB) and its nuclear exclusion was a prerequisite for formation of multinucleated myotubes (MT). The nuclear shuttling of FoxO1 in PMB could be prevented by leptomycin B and we further found that cytoplasmic accumulation of FoxO1 in myotubes was caused by the blockade of its nuclear import. Although over-expression of wildtype FoxO1 in C2C12 myoblasts significantly blocked their myogenic differentiation under serum withdrawal condition, application of insulin and LiCl, an activator of Wnt signaling pathway, to these cells successfully rescued their myogenic differentiation and generated myotubes with larger diameters. Interestingly, insulin treatment significantly reduced FoxO1 level and also delayed nuclear re-accumulation of FoxO1 triggered by mitogen deprivation. We further found that FoxO1 directly repressed the promoter activity of myogenic genes and this repression can be relieved by insulin and LiCl treatment. These results suggest that FoxO1 inhibits myogenesis in serum withdrawal condition but turns into a hypertrophy potentiator when other myogenic signals, such as Wnt and insulin, are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ju Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Yen Hsin Fang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Cheng Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Li Chiung Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Shih Ying Chung
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chieh Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Xiao Wen Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan Wei Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Shen Liang Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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45
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Clark RI, Walker DW, Dionne MS. Metabolic and immune integration in aging and age-related disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2014; 6:3-4. [PMID: 24399758 PMCID: PMC3927803 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca I Clark
- Centre for the Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation and Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 1UL, UK
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46
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Abstract
A growing body of research indicates that pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) correlates with enhancement of long-term memory and current research is concentrated on determining the roles that individual HDACs play in cognitive function. Here, we investigate the role of HDAC4 in long-term memory formation in Drosophila. We show that overexpression of HDAC4 in the adult mushroom body, an important structure for memory formation, resulted in a specific impairment in long-term courtship memory, but had no affect on short-term memory. Overexpression of an HDAC4 catalytic mutant also abolished LTM, suggesting a mode of action independent of catalytic activity. We found that overexpression of HDAC4 resulted in a redistribution of the transcription factor MEF2 from a relatively uniform distribution through the nucleus into punctate nuclear bodies, where it colocalized with HDAC4. As MEF2 has also been implicated in regulation of long-term memory, these data suggest that the repressive effects of HDAC4 on long-term memory may be through interaction with MEF2. In the same genetic background, we also found that RNAi-mediated knockdown of HDAC4 impairs long-term memory, therefore we demonstrate that HDAC4 is not only a repressor of long-term memory, but also modulates normal memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Fitzsimons
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Silvia Schwartz
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Fiona M. Given
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maxwell J. Scott
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Jiménez-Amilburu V, Salmerón C, Codina M, Navarro I, Capilla E, Gutiérrez J. Insulin-like growth factors effects on the expression of myogenic regulatory factors in gilthead sea bream muscle cells. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 188:151-8. [PMID: 23500676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) is a widely cultured fish; however, muscle development regulation is poorly known. Myogenesis can be activated by the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs: MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and MRF4) and by endocrine signals from the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) axis. We cultured gilthead sea bream myocytes to better understand the role of IGFs in muscle growth and differentiation through the regulation of MRFs expression. First, we studied the expression pattern during culture development of IGFs and IGF-I splice variants. The expression of igf-II was highest at the beginning of the culture and decreased when the cells started to differentiate, similarly to that observed for total igf-I. Igf-Ib showed a paralleled expression pattern as that of total igf-I, whereas igf-Ic was more stable during culture progression. Next, we analyzed the expression of IGFs and MRFs after incubation of cells at day 4 with GH, IGF-I, IGF-II and combinations of them at 3, 6 and 18 h. IGF-II increased myod2 and myf5 expression, genes involved in early muscle cell proliferation. Moreover, IGF-I caused an increase on mrf4 and myogenin expression, both involved in the later stages of development corresponding to differentiation. Regarding the regulation of IGFs expression, igf-I was stimulated by GH and IGF-II alone and combined, whereas igf-II expression was increased in response to IGF-I, suggesting a nice model of crossed regulation. Overall, the present model could be very useful to understand the different regulatory roles of these endocrine and transcription factors on fish myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Jiménez-Amilburu
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Barcelona Knowledge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Suer MK, Crane JD, Trappe TA, Jemiolo B, Trappe SW, Harber MP. Amino acid infusion alters the expression of growth-related genes in multiple skeletal muscles. Aviat Space Environ Med 2013; 84:669-674. [PMID: 23855061 DOI: 10.3357/asem.3379.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise and nutritional interventions have been examined independently as countermeasures to offset the loss of skeletal muscle mass with unloading, yet a protocol to completely preserve the soleus has not been identified. Little is known regarding the combined effect of exercise and nutrition on factors regulating skeletal muscle growth. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of amino acid (AA) infusion on myogenic (MRF-4, MyoD, and Myogenin), proteolytic (MuRF-1, Atrogin-1, FOXO3A, Calpain-1, Calpain-2, Caspase-3, Cathepsin L1), and cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15) mRNA transcripts in two skeletal muscles that respond distinctly to microgravity unloading. METHODS Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis (VL) and soleus of eight male subjects prior to and after 4 h of AA infusion for analysis of mRNA expression. All subjects performed a standardized exercise bout (45-min treadmill run) 24 h prior to the AA infusion. RESULTS In the VL, proteolytic factors MuRF-1 and FOXO3A were reduced (44 +/- 9 and 28 +/- 6%, respectively) in response toAA infusion. In the soleus, mRNA transcripts of myogenic factor MRF-4 (91 +/- 36%) and cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15 were elevated while the proteolytic marker FOXO3A mRNA was reduced by 19 +/- 9%. DISCUSSION These data suggest that the expression of genes related to skeletal muscle remodeling is altered during acute AA infusion 24 h post-exercise. It appears that increased amino acid availability in concert with exercise may create an intramuscular environment favorable for the prevention of muscle atrophy associated with unloading, which may be particularly beneficial for the soleus.
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Cappellari O, Benedetti S, Innocenzi A, Tedesco FS, Moreno-Fortuny A, Ugarte G, Lampugnani MG, Messina G, Cossu G. Dll4 and PDGF-BB convert committed skeletal myoblasts to pericytes without erasing their myogenic memory. Dev Cell 2013; 24:586-99. [PMID: 23477786 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes are endothelial-associated cells that contribute to vessel wall. Here, we report that pericytes may derive from direct conversion of committed skeletal myoblasts. When exposed to Dll4 and PDGF-BB, but not Dll1, skeletal myoblasts downregulate myogenic genes, except Myf5, and upregulate pericyte markers, whereas inhibition of Notch signaling restores myogenesis. Moreover, when cocultured with endothelial cells, skeletal myoblasts, previously treated with Dll4 and PDGF-BB, adopt a perithelial position stabilizing newly formed vessel-like networks in vitro and in vivo. In a transgenic mouse model in which cells expressing MyoD activate Notch, skeletal myogenesis is abolished and pericyte genes are activated. Even if overexpressed, Myf5 does not trigger myogenesis because Notch induces Id3, partially sequestering Myf5 and inhibiting MEF2 expression. Myf5-expressing cells adopt a perithelial position, as occasionally also observed in wild-type (WT) embryos. These data indicate that endothelium, via Dll4 and PDGF-BB, induces a fate switch in adjacent skeletal myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Cappellari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
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Hu S, Ni W, Sai W, Zi H, Qiao J, Wang P, Sheng J, Chen C. Knockdown of myostatin expression by RNAi enhances muscle growth in transgenic sheep. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58521. [PMID: 23526994 PMCID: PMC3603981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) has been shown to be a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and growth. MSTN dysfunction therefore offers a strategy for promoting animal growth performance in livestock production. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using RNAi-based technology to generate transgenic sheep with a double-muscle phenotype. A shRNA expression cassette targeting sheep MSTN was used to generate stable shRNA-expressing fibroblast clones. Transgenic sheep were further produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology. Five lambs developed to term and three live lambs were obtained. Integration of shRNA expression cassette in three live lambs was confirmed by PCR. RNase protection assay showed that the shRNAs targeting MSTN were expressed in muscle tissues of three transgenic sheep. MSTN expression was significantly inhibited in muscle tissues of transgenic sheep when compared with control sheep. Moreover, transgenic sheep showed a tendency to faster increase in body weight than control sheep. Histological analysis showed that myofiber diameter of transgenic sheep M17 were bigger than that of control sheep. Our findings demonstrate a promising approach to promoting muscle growth in livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Ni
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wujiafu Sai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ha Zi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jun Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Pengyang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinliang Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- * E-mail:
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