1
|
Vahedi SM, Salek Ardestani S, Banabazi MH, Clark KF. Strong selection signatures for Aleutian disease tolerance acting on novel candidate genes linked to immune and cellular responses in American mink (Neogale vison). Sci Rep 2024; 14:1035. [PMID: 38200094 PMCID: PMC10781757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aleutian disease (AD) is a multi-systemic infectious disease in American mink (Neogale vison) caused by Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). This study aimed to identify candidate regions and genes underlying selection for response against AMDV using whole-genome sequence (WGS) data. Three case-control selection signatures studies were conducted between animals (N = 85) producing high versus low antibody levels against AMDV, grouped by counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) test and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Within each study, selection signals were detected using fixation index (FST) and nucleotide diversity (θπ ratios), and validated by cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) test. Within- and between-studies overlapping results were then evaluated. Within-studies overlapping results indicated novel candidate genes related to immune and cellular responses (e.g., TAP2, RAB32), respiratory system function (e.g., SPEF2, R3HCC1L), and reproduction system function (e.g., HSF2, CFAP206) in other species. Between-studies overlapping results identified three large segments under strong selection pressure, including two on chromosome 1 (chr1:88,770-98,281 kb and chr1:114,133-120,473) and one on chromosome 6 (chr6:37,953-44,279 kb). Within regions with strong signals, we found novel candidate genes involved in immune and cellular responses (e.g., homologous MHC class II genes, ITPR3, VPS52) in other species. Our study brings new insights into candidate regions and genes controlling AD response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Milad Vahedi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Bible Hill, NS, B2N5E3, Canada
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Banabazi
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics (HGEN), Centre for Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (VHC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of IRAN (ASRI),, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, 3146618361, Iran.
| | - K Fraser Clark
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Bible Hill, NS, B2N5E3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vahedi SM, Salek Ardestani S, Banabazi MH, Clark F. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Aleutian disease caused by Aleutian mink disease virus: A literature review with a perspective of genomic breeding for disease control in American mink (Neogale vison). Virus Res 2023; 336:199208. [PMID: 37633597 PMCID: PMC10474236 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Aleutian disease (AD) is a multi-systemic infectious disease in American mink (Neogale vison) caused by the Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). Commonly referred to as mink plasmacytosis, AD is an economically significant disease in mink-breeding countries. Aleutian disease mainly induces weight loss, lower fertility, and dropped pelt quality in adults and can result in acute interstitial pneumonia with high mortality rates in kits. In this review, we employed the scientific literature on AD over the last 70 years to discuss the historical and contemporary status of AD outbreaks and seroprevalence in mink farming countries. We also explained different forms of AD and the differences between the pathogenicity of the virus in kits and adults. The application of the available AD serological tests in AD control strategies was argued. We explained how selection programs could help AD control and proposed different approaches to selecting animals for building AD-tolerant herds. The advantages of genomic selection for AD tolerance over traditional breeding strategies were discussed in detail. We also explained how genomic selection could help AD control by selecting tolerant animals for the next generation based on genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) data and the challenges of implementing genomic selection for AD tolerance in the mink industry. This review collected the information required for designing successful breeding programs for AD tolerance. Examples of the application of information are presented, and data gaps are highlighted. We showed that AD tolerance is necessary to be among the traits that animals are selected for in the mink industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Milad Vahedi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Bible Hill, NS B2N5E3, Canada
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Banabazi
- Department of animal breeding and genetics (HGEN), Centre for Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (VHC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala 75007, Sweden; Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of IRAN (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 3146618361, Iran.
| | - Fraser Clark
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Bible Hill, NS B2N5E3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schaefer EAF, Chu S, Wylie KM, Wylie TN, Griffith OL, Pearce JW, Johnson GC, Bryan JN, Flesner BK. Metagenomic Analysis of DNA Viruses with Targeted Sequence Capture of Canine Lobular Orbital Adenomas and Normal Conjunctiva. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1163. [PMID: 37317137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aims are: (1) to evaluate phenotypically normal canine conjunctival and orbital tissue and tissue from canine lobular orbital adenomas (CLOAs) for the presence of viral genomic material and (2) phylogenetically classify detected DNA viruses to determine if a DNA virus is associated with CLOAs. A total of 31 formalin fixed paraffin embedded CLOA tissue samples, 4 papillomas or sarcoid, and 10 fresh clinically normal conjunctival tissues were included in this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from all samples and sequencing libraries were prepared. The libraries were molecularly indexed and pooled and viral DNA was enriched via targeted sequence capture utilizing ViroCap. The libraries were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform and compared to known viral DNA reference genomes to identify viral DNA. Carnivore parvovirus was identified in 6.4% and 20% of CLOA tissue and normal conjunctival samples, respectively. This study showed that conjunctival tissue from healthy dogs and CLOAs uncommonly harbor DNA viruses, and no DNA virus was associated with these tumors. Further studies are needed to evaluate the etiologic cause of CLOAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A F Schaefer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Shirley Chu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kristine M Wylie
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Todd N Wylie
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Obi L Griffith
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jacqueline W Pearce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gayle C Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Brian K Flesner
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Long-term antibody production and viremia in American mink (Neovison vison) challenged with Aleutian mink disease virus. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:364. [PMID: 36192746 PMCID: PMC9531452 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Selecting American mink (Neovison vison) for tolerance to Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) has gained popularity in recent years, but data on the outcomes of this activity are scant. The objectives of this study were to determine the long-term changes in viremia, seroconversion and survival in infected mink. Mink were inoculated intranasally with a local isolate of Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) over 4 years (n = 1742). The animals had been selected for tolerance to AMDV for more than 20 years (TG100) or were from herds free of AMDV (TG0). The progenies of TG100 and TG0, and their crosses with 25, 50 and 75% tolerance ancestry were also used. Blood samples were collected from each mink up to 14 times until 1211 days post-inoculation (dpi) and were tested for viremia by PCR and for anti-AMDV antibodies by counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). Viremia and CIEP status were not considered when selecting replacements. Low-performing animals were pelted and the presence of antibodies in their blood and antibody titer were measured by CIEP, and viremia and viral DNA in seven organs (n = 936) were tested by PCR. Results The peak incidences of viremia (66.7%) and seropositivity (93.5%) were at 35 dpi. The incidence of viremia decreased over time while the incidence of seroconversion increased. The least-squares means of the incidence of PCR positive of lymph node (0.743) and spleen (0.656) were significantly greater than those of bone marrow, liver, kidneys, lungs and small intestine (0.194 to 0.342). Differences in tolerant ancestry were significant for every trait measured. Incidences of viremia over time, terminal viremia, seropositivity over time, AMDV DNA in organs and antibody titer were highest in the susceptible groups (TG0 or TG25) and lowest in the tolerant groups (TG100 or TG75). Conclusion Previous history of selection for tolerance resulted in mink with reduced viral replication and antibody titer. Viremia had a negative effect and antibody production had a positive effect on survival and productivity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03462-7.
Collapse
|
5
|
Impact of viral features, host jumps and phylogeography on the rapid evolution of Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). Sci Rep 2021; 11:16464. [PMID: 34385578 PMCID: PMC8360955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) is one the most relevant pathogens of domestic mink, where it can cause significant economic losses, and wild species, which are considered a threat to mink farms. Despite their relevance, many aspects of the origin, evolution, and geographic and host spreading patterns of AMDV have never been investigated on a global scale using a comprehensive biostatistical approach. The present study, benefitting from a large dataset of sequences collected worldwide and several phylodynamic-based approaches, demonstrates the ancient origin of AMDV and its broad, unconstrained circulation from the initial intercontinental spread to the massive among-country circulation, especially within Europe, combined with local persistence and evolution. Clear expansion of the viral population size occurred over time until more effective control measures started to be applied. The role of frequent changes in epidemiological niches, including different hosts, in driving the high nucleotide and amino acid evolutionary rates was also explored by comparing the strengths of selective pressures acting on different populations. The obtained results suggest that the viral passage among locations and between wild and domesticated animals poses a double threat to farm profitability and animal welfare and health, which is particularly relevant for endangered species. Therefore, further efforts must be made to limit viral circulation and to refine our knowledge of factors enhancing AMDV spread, particularly at the wild-domestic interface.
Collapse
|
6
|
Väisänen E, Fu Y, Koskenmies S, Fyhrquist N, Wang Y, Keinonen A, Mäkisalo H, Väkevä L, Pitkänen S, Ranki A, Hedman K, Söderlund-Venermo M. Cutavirus DNA in Malignant and Nonmalignant Skin of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Organ Transplant Patients but Not of Healthy Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 68:1904-1910. [PMID: 30239652 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three new parvoviruses of Protoparvovirus genus, bufavirus (BuV), tusavirus (TuV), and cutavirus (CuV), have recently been discovered in diarrheal stools. CuV was further detected in a proportion of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)/mycosis fungoides skin samples and in one melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS With novel multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction and antibody assays, we studied 3 patient groups for BuV, TuV, and CuV DNA and immunoglobulin G (IgG): CTCL patients, immunosuppressed solid-organ transplant recipients, and immunocompetent healthy adults. RESULTS CuV DNA was detected in skin biopsies of 4/25 (16.0%) CTCL and 4/136 (2.9%) transplant patients but not in any of 159 skin samples of 98 healthy adults. The dermal CuV-DNA prevalence was significantly higher in CTCL patients than in the other subjects. CuV DNA was further detected in healthy skin of 4 organ transplant recipients, 2 of whom also had CuV-positive skin carcinomas. One CTCL patient harbored CuV DNA in both malignant (CTCL, melanoma) and nonmalignant skin and sentinel lymph nodes but not in his prostate. The CuV IgG seroprevalences were among CTCL patients 9.5% (4/42), transplant recipients 6.5% (8/124), and healthy adults 3.8% (3/78). BuV and TuV DNAs were absent and antibodies infrequent in all cohorts. Parvoviral antibodies were shown to persist for ≥20 years and dermal CuV DNA for 4 years. All 3 CuV-DNA-positive patients, with both biopsies and sera available, were CuV-IgG positive. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dermal CuV DNA carriage is associated with CTCL. Any putative roles of CuV in the carcinogenesis must be determined in forthcoming studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Koskenmies
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Keinonen
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | | | - Liisa Väkevä
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Sari Pitkänen
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Annamari Ranki
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Klaus Hedman
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kowalczyk M, Horecka B, Jakubczak A. Aleutian Mink Disease Virus in the breeding environment in Poland and its place in the global epidemiology of AMDV. Virus Res 2019; 270:197665. [PMID: 31306681 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aleutian mink disease (AMD) leads to an increase in mortality of animals and causes losses in mink farming. The study investigated the presence of AMDV in tissue and environmental samples from farmed mink in Poland, and selected samples were genetically characterized. Blood, spleens and swabs from the breeding environment were collected on 27 farms in seven voivodeships in Poland (n = 250). DNA was isolated, amplified by PCR and subsequently subjected to sequencing to reveal information on the molecular epidemiology of the samples. A qPCR method was used to determine the viral load in test samples. The presence of AMDV was confirmed in tissues and the farm environment on 26 of the 27 farms. The average viral load in spleens was 108 copies. The virus was also present in the blood (average - 105 copies) and the farm environment (average - 103 copies). Isolates from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship showed high similarity within the voivodeship (over 99%). Variants from the Lublin and Podlaskie Voivodeships differed 5% from any of the AMDV isolates present in the NCBI database. Isolates from the Greater Poland, Pomeranian, Podkarpackie and Lesser Poland Voivodeships formed heterogeneous clades, showing over 97% similarity to variants previously isolated in Poland, the Netherlands and Lithuania. A high degree of genetic variation was identified among the majority of the samples, which indicates that AMDV has been introduced to Poland multiple times. However, the results within one area showed high identity between isolates, suggesting that one common ancestor was the source of these outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kowalczyk
- Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Horecka
- Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jakubczak
- Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kashtanov SN, Salnikova LE. Aleutian Mink Disease: Epidemiological and Genetic Aspects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079086418020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
Aleutian mink disease virus is the type species in the genus Amdoparvovirus, and in mink and other Mustelidae can cause either subclinical disease or fatal chronic immune stimulation and immune complex disease. The authors describe a novel amdoparvovirus in the endangered red panda ( Ailurus fulgens), discovered using viral metagenomics. The authors analyzed the prevalence, tissue distribution, and disease association by PCR, in situ hybridization, electron microscopy, and histology in a group of 6 red pandas from a single zoological collection. The study incorporates a fecal shedding survey and analysis of tissues from 4 necropsied animals over a 12-year span. The tentatively named red panda amdoparvovirus (RpAPV) was detected in the feces and/or tissues of all animals tested. At necropsy of 1 geriatric animal, infection was associated with pyogranulomatous peritonitis, pancreatitis, and myocarditis. Other animals had detectable low-level viral nucleic acid in lymph nodes and both oral and intestinal epithelium at the time of necropsy. Full-length genome sequences of RpAPV strains from 2 animals had 12% sequence divergence, demonstrating genetic diversity even among in-contact animals. RpAPV is a persistent infection in this cohort of red pandas, and has variable clinical expression.
Collapse
|
10
|
Balboni A, Bassi F, De Arcangeli S, Zobba R, Dedola C, Alberti A, Battilani M. Molecular analysis of carnivore Protoparvovirus detected in white blood cells of naturally infected cats. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:41. [PMID: 29402272 PMCID: PMC5799907 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cats are susceptible to feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) variants 2a, 2b and 2c. Detection of FPV and CPV variants in apparently healthy cats and their persistence in white blood cells (WBC) and other tissues when neutralising antibodies are simultaneously present, suggest that parvovirus may persist long-term in the tissues of cats post-infection without causing clinical signs. The aim of this study was to screen a population of 54 cats from Sardinia (Italy) for the presence of both FPV and CPV DNA within buffy coat samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA viral load, genetic diversity, phylogeny and antibody titres against parvoviruses were investigated in the positive cats. Results Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 DNA was detected in nine cats (16.7%). Viral DNA was reassembled to FPV in four cats and to CPV (CPV-2b and 2c) in four cats; one subject showed an unusually high genetic complexity with mixed infection involving FPV and CPV-2c. Antibodies against parvovirus were detected in all subjects which tested positive to DNA parvoviruses. Conclusions The identification of FPV and CPV DNA in the WBC of asymptomatic cats, despite the presence of specific antibodies against parvoviruses, and the high genetic heterogeneity detected in one sample, confirmed the relevant epidemiological role of cats in parvovirus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Francesca Bassi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Stefano De Arcangeli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zobba
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Carla Dedola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Alberto Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Mara Battilani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
FATALACINETOBACTER BAUMANNIIINFECTION IN THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED EUROPEAN MINK (MUSTELA LUTREOLA). J Zoo Wildl Med 2017; 48:220-223. [DOI: 10.1638/2016-0082.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
12
|
Canuti M, Williams CV, Gadi SR, Jebbink MF, Oude Munnink BB, Jazaeri Farsani SM, Cullen JM, van der Hoek L. Persistent viremia by a novel parvovirus in a slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) with diffuse histiocytic sarcoma. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:655. [PMID: 25520709 PMCID: PMC4249460 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading health concerns for human and animal health. Since the tumorigenesis process is not completely understood and it is known that some viruses can induce carcinogenesis, it is highly important to identify novel oncoviruses and extensively study underlying oncogenic mechanisms. Here, we investigated a case of diffuse histiocytic sarcoma in a 22 year old slow loris (Nycticebus coucang), using a broad spectrum virus discovery technique. A novel parvovirus was discovered and the phylogenetic analysis performed on its fully sequenced genome demonstrated that it represents the first member of a novel genus. The possible causative correlation between this virus and the malignancy was further investigated and 20 serum and 61 organ samples from 25 animals (N. coucang and N. pygmaeus) were screened for the novel virus but only samples collected from the originally infected animal were positive. The virus was present in all tested organs (intestine, liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs) and in all banked serum samples collected up to 8 years before death. All attempts to identify a latent viral form (integrated or episomal) were unsuccessful and the increase of variation in the viral sequences during the years was consistent with absence of latency. Since it is well known that parvoviruses are dependent on cell division to successfully replicate, we hypothesized that the virus could have benefitted from the constantly dividing cancer cells and may not have been the cause of the histiocytic sarcoma. It is also possible to conjecture that the virus had a role in delaying the tumor progression and this report might bring new exciting opportunities in recognizing viruses to be used in cancer virotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Canuti
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Sashi R Gadi
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Maarten F Jebbink
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bas B Oude Munnink
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Seyed Mohammad Jazaeri Farsani
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - John M Cullen
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Lia van der Hoek
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Patel JR, Heldens JGM, Bakonyi T, Rusvai M. Important mammalian veterinary viral immunodiseases and their control. Vaccine 2012; 30:1767-81. [PMID: 22261411 PMCID: PMC7130670 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper offers an overview of important veterinary viral diseases of mammals stemming from aberrant immune response. Diseases reviewed comprise those due to lentiviruses of equine infectious anaemia, visna/maedi and caprine arthritis encephalitis and feline immunodeficiency. Diseases caused by viruses of feline infectious peritonitis, feline leukaemia, canine distemper and aquatic counterparts, Aleutian disease and malignant catarrhal fever. We also consider prospects of immunoprophylaxis for the diseases and briefly other control measures. It should be realised that the outlook for effective vaccines for many of the diseases is remote. This paper describes the current status of vaccine research and the difficulties encountered during their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Patel
- Jas Biologicals Ltd, 12 Pembroke Avenue, Denny Industrial Estate, Waterbeach, Cambridge CB25 9QR, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang Q, Deng X, Best SM, Bloom ME, Li Y, Qiu J. Internal polyadenylation of parvoviral precursor mRNA limits progeny virus production. Virology 2012; 426:167-77. [PMID: 22361476 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aleutian Mink Disease Virus (AMDV) is the only virus in the genus Amdovirus of family Parvoviridae. In adult mink, AMDV causes a persistent infection associated with severe dysfunction of the immune system. Cleavage of AMDV capsid proteins has been previously shown to play a role in regulating progeny virus production (Fang Cheng et al., J. Virol. 84:2687-2696, 2010). The present study shows that AMDV has evolved a second strategy to limit expression of capsid proteins by preventing processing of the full-length capsid protein-encoding mRNA transcripts. Characterization of the cis-elements of the proximal polyadenylation site [(pA)p] in the infectious clone of AMDV revealed that polyadenylation at the (pA)p site is controlled by an upstream element (USE) of 200 nts in length, the AAUAAA signal, and a downstream element (DSE) of 40 nts. A decrease in polyadenylation at the (pA)p site, either by mutating the AAUAAA signal or the DSE, which does not affect the encoding of amino acids in the infectious clone, increased the expression of capsid protein VP1/VP2 and thereby increased progeny virus production approximately 2-3-fold. This increase was accompanied by enhanced replication of the AMDV genome. Thus, this study reveals correlations among internal polyadenylation, capsid production, viral DNA replication and progeny virus production of AMDV, indicating that internal polyadenylation is a limiting step for parvovirus replication and progeny virus production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinfeng Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|