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Azad F, Hamidianshirazi M, Mazloomi SM, Shafiee M, Ekramzadeh M. Fortified synbiotic dessert for improving malnutrition in hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:8082-8092. [PMID: 38107115 PMCID: PMC10724616 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As dysbiosis of gut microbiota is recognized as a major risk factor for malnutrition in hemodialysis (HD) patients, we aimed to assess the effects of fortified synbiotic dessert on malnutrition, oxidative stress, inflammation, and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. A total of 50 hemodialysis patients were randomized into two groups of intervention and control to consume either 50 g of synbiotic dessert fortified with vitamin D (1000 IU) and calcium (500 mg) (FSD) or 50 g of control dessert (CD) for 8 weeks, respectively. Changes in nutritional status [Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)], anthropometric measures, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ferritin, biochemistry [serum albumin, vitamin D, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), complete blood count (CBC), and electrolytes], and quality of life were assessed before and at the end of the trial. The SGA scores and serum ferritin levels decreased significantly in the FSD group compared to the control group (p = .01 and p = .03, respectively). Regarding other markers, no statistically significant changes were found comparing the two groups. This novel fortified synbiotic dessert as a functional food may be effective in reducing the severity of malnutrition by improving SGA score in short term in hemodialysis patients. Thus, it is suggested to do further studies to elucidate the possible mechanisms related to the effects of this dessert on microbiota, skeletal muscle mass, and inflammation in HD in long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Azad
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Hamidianshirazi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Health and Food Quality Control, Food and Supplements Safety Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Shafiee
- Shiraz Nephro‐Urology Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Ekramzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Riasatian M, Mazloomi SM, Ahmadi A, Derakhshan Z, Rajabi S. Benefits of fermented synbiotic soymilk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis, and inulin towards lead toxicity alleviation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17518. [PMID: 37408889 PMCID: PMC10319184 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of fermented synbiotic soy milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis, and inulin on a series of hematological and oxidative stress parameters, as well as serum lead levels in rats. In this study, 56 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to assess probiotics (L. acidophilus or B. lactis), probiotics with prebiotics (i.e., inulin), and the corresponding controls. Several hematologic parameters (red blood cell (RBC)), hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (Hgb)), serum lead levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) presence was measured to evaluate changes on day 42. Although a significant difference was observed in serum lead levels, there were no significant changes in hematological and oxidative stress parameters between the study groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that administering synbiotic fermented soy milk containing the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and the prebiotic inulin may significantly improve serum lead levels in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryamsadat Riasatian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsane Ahmadi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Rajabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Li B, Li J, Hu S. Cinnamon could improve hepatic steatosis caused by a high-fat diet via enhancing hepatic beta-oxidation and inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis, oxidative damage, and inflammation in male rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14077. [PMID: 35246859 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a health and medical problem and is known as the accumulation of fat that increases the risk of cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and infertility. Cinnamon is a spice that is used mainly as a flavoring additive and folk remedies to treat diabetes. Molecular mechanisms of its effects on hepatic lipogenesis and beta-oxidation, inflammation, and oxidative damage are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effect of different doses of cinnamon in obese male rats. Forty-eight adult male Wister rats were randomly assigned into eight controlled and treated groups. Serum levels of lipid, glucose, and insulin profiles were measured along with liver levels of antioxidant enzymes, MDA and TNF-α. Hepatic expression of genes involved in beta-oxidation, lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation was also evaluated. Hepatic levels of oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers and serum levels of glucose, liver enzymes, insulin, and lipid profiles increased significantly in obese rats. Moreover, hepatic expression of SREBP-1c and NF-κB increased, and PPAR-alpha, CD36, FAS, CPT-1, and Nrf-2 decreased in obese rats. However, pretreatment and treatment with different doses of cinnamon in obese rats could significantly ameliorate them in obese rats. It can be concluded that cinnamon could improve hepatic steatosis caused by a high-fat diet via enhancing hepatic beta-oxidation and inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis, oxidative damage, and inflammation in male rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity as a medical and psychiatric problem is seen in more than a third of the world's population. Obesity leads to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and in some cases even death. Cinnamon as a spice and folk remedy has long been used as a treatment for obesity and liver disease. Cinnamon has received a great of attention from the past to the present due to its pharmacological properties and in addition to its availability, cheapness and low side effects. Cinnamon can prevent dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative damage, and inflammation by modulating multiple signaling pathways. Our results showed that cinnamon could improve hepatic steatosis caused by HFD via enhancing hepatic beta-oxidation and inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis, oxidative damage, and inflammation. Therefore, it can be recommended that cinnamon and its products can be used as a very suitable option for the production of pharmaceutical supplements for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baicheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuwen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Zhang R, Wei Y, Yang T, Huang X, Zhou J, Yang C, Zhou J, Liu Y, Shi S. Inhibitory effects of quercetin and its major metabolite quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside on human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A isoforms by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:842. [PMID: 34149888 PMCID: PMC8210293 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid that is widely present in plant-derived food. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (Q3GA) is a predominant metabolite of quercetin in animal and human plasma. The inhibitory effects of the UDP-glucuronosyl transferases (UGTs) caused by herbal components may be a key factor for the clinical assessment of herb-drug interactions (HDIs). The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory profile of quercetin and Q3GA on recombinant UGT1A isoforms in vitro. The metabolism of the nonspecific substrate 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) by the UGT1A isoforms was assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Preliminary screening experiments indicated that quercetin exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6 and UGT1A9 enzymes than Q3GA. Kinetic experiments were performed to characterize the type of inhibition caused by quercetin and Q3GA towards these UGT isoforms. Quercetin exerted non-competitive inhibition on UGT1A1 and UGT1A6, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.47 and 7.07 µM and inhibition kinetic parameter (Ki) values of 2.18 and 28.87 µM, respectively. Quercetin also exhibited competitive inhibition on UGT1A3 and UGT1A9, with IC50 values of 10.58 and 2.81 µM and Ki values of 1.60 and 0.51 µM, respectively. However, Q3GA displayed weak inhibition on UGT1A1, UGT1A3 and UGT1A6 enzymes with IC50 values of 45.21, 106.5 and 51.37 µM, respectively. In the present study, quercetin was a moderate inhibitor of UGT1A1 and UGT1A3, a weak inhibitor of UGT1A6, and a strong inhibitor on UGT1A9. The results of the present study suggested potential HDIs that may occur following quercetin co-administration with drugs that are mainly metabolized by UGT1A1, UGT1A3 and UGT1A9 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ye Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiani Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Nasimi N, Sohrabi Z, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Eskandari MH, Bedeltavana A, Famouri M, Talezadeh P. A Novel Fortified Dairy Product and Sarcopenia Measures in Sarcopenic Older Adults: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 22:809-815. [PMID: 33067129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of daily consumption of fortified yogurt with beta-Hydroxy beta-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) and vitamins D and C on measures of sarcopenia, inflammation, and quality of life in sarcopenic older adults. DESIGN In this 12-week randomized double-blind controlled trial, participants received either yogurt fortified with 3 g HMB, 1000 IU vitamin D, and 500 mg vitamin C in the intervention group (n = 33) or plain yogurt in the control group (n = 33). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 66 older adults with sarcopenia recruited from the community in Shiraz, Iran. MEASURES Body composition, muscle strength, and functionality were measured using Dual-energy-X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), hydraulic handgrip dynamometer, and usual gait speed, respectively. Serum concentrations of vitamin D, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde, and insulin were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was also evaluated using SF-12 questionnaire. RESULTS Consumption of fortified yogurt was associated with improvement in handgrip strength [mean change (95% confidence interval) 4.36 (3.35-5.37) vs. 0.97 (-0.04 to 1.99)] and gait speed [0.10 (0.07-0.13) vs. 0.01 (0.00-0.04)] in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < .001). In addition, the results revealed a significant increase in vitamin D and IGF-1 levels in the intervention group (P < .001). The nutritional intervention significantly prevented any increase in the serum concentration of hs-CRP compared with the control group (P = .033). The results also showed a more significant decrease in the malondialdehyde level in the intervention group compared with the control (P = .008). Moreover, there were significant differences between the 2 groups regarding physical aspects of HRQoL (P = .035). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A novel dairy product fortified with HMB, vitamin D, and vitamin C not only could enhance muscle strength and functionality, but also modulate anabolic and inflammatory conditions as well as quality of life. This study suggested that specific nutritional interventions alone could be beneficial, especially for those who are unable to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Nasimi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh
- Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hadi Eskandari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Bedeltavana
- Dairy Expert at Research and Development of Zarrin Ghazal Company (DAITY), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mandana Famouri
- Dairy Expert at Research and Development of Zarrin Ghazal Company (DAITY), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pedram Talezadeh
- Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Vangaveti S, Das P, Kumar VL. Metformin and silymarin afford protection in cyclosporine A induced hepatorenal toxicity in rat by modulating redox status and inflammation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22614. [PMID: 32886845 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of cyclosporine A (CsA) as an immunosuppressive agent is often limited owing to its hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of metformin and silymarin in a rat model of CsA induced hepatorenal toxicity. The study included seven groups of Wistar albino rats (n = 6 per group): normal control, experimental control (CsA alone, 25 mg/kg), CsA + metformin (50 and 500 mg/kg), CsA + silymarin (50 and 200 mg/kg) and CsA + vitamin E (100 mg/kg). All the drugs were given daily for a period of 21 days by oral gavage and their effect was evaluated on serum levels of organ function markers (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, bilirubin, urea/blood urea nitrogen, creatinine), markers of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glutathione, superoxide dismutase), inflammation (nitrite, myeloperoxidase, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2 ), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling positivity) in addition to tissue histology, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunoreactivity. Administration of metformin and silymarin along with CsA ameliorated functional damage to liver and kidneys in a dose-dependent manner. Significant and comparable improvement in the tissue levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic markers was also observed following treatment with both the test drugs. Normalization of histology scores, as well as COX-2 and iNOS immunoreactivity scores, further strengthened these findings. The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of metformin and silymarin were comparable and matched with that of reference drug, vitamin E. The findings of the present study suggest that both metformin and silymarin have a potential for clinical use in patients receiving long-term CsA treatment to maintain their liver and kidney functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vangaveti
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay L Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Harb IA, Ashour H, Sabry D, El-Yasergy DF, Hamza WM, Mostafa A. Nicorandil prevents the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine-A in albino rats through modulation of HIF-1α/VEGF/eNOS signaling. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 99:411-417. [PMID: 32822562 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite that cyclosporine-A (CsA) is a widely used immunosuppressive drug, its nephrotoxic effect limits its long-term administration. Herein we tried to investigate its renal effect on endothelial dysfunction targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) / vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) / endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway and the possible modulation by nicorandil. Eight groups of adult male Wistar rats were included: (1) control; (2) vehicle group (received oil); (3) glibenclamide 5 mg·kg-1·day-1 administered orally; (4) nicorandil 10 mg·kg-1·day-1 administered orally; (5) CsA 25 mg·kg-1·day-1 administered orally; (6) combined administration of CsA and nicorandil; (7) glibenclamide was added to CsA; and (8) both CsA and nicorandil were combined with glibenclamide. The treatment continued for six weeks. Combined nicorandil with CsA improved renal function deterioration initiated by CsA. CsA decreased the renal expression levels (P < 0.001) of HIF-1α, eNOS, and VEGF, inducing endothelial dysfunction and triggering inflammation, and upregulated the profibrotic marker transforming growth factor (TGF-β). Nicorandil fixed the disturbed HIF-1α/VEGF/eNOS signaling. Nicorandil corrected the renal functions, confirmed by the improved histological glomerular tuft retraction that was obvious in the CsA group, without significant influence by glibenclamide. Proper protection from CsA-induced nephrotoxicity was achieved by nicorandil. Nicorandil reversed the disturbed HIF-1α/VEGF/eNOS pathway created by CsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas A Harb
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Fawzy El-Yasergy
- Department of Pathology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael Mostafa Hamza
- Department of Pathology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mostafa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alizadeh-Naini M, Yousefnejad H, Hejazi N. The beneficial health effects of Nigella sativa on Helicobacter pylori eradication, dyspepsia symptoms, and quality of life in infected patients: A pilot study. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1367-1376. [PMID: 31916648 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) in addition to quadruple-therapy on Helicobacter pylori eradication, dyspepsia, biochemical-markers, and quality of life in infected patients. In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical-trial, 51 H. pylori infected patients with functional dyspepsia were randomly assigned to treatment (quadruple-therapy with 2 g/day N. sativa) or placebo groups (quadruple-therapy with 2 g/day placebo) for 8 weeks. Serum levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and malondialdehyde, quality of life, dyspepsia, food-intake, body-weight, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated at the baseline and at the end of the study. H. pylori eradication was evaluated at the end of the intervention. At the end of the study, H. pylori eradication was more in the N. sativa group compared with the placebo (p = .01). Weight, BMI, and dietary-intake (p < .05) increased significantly as compared with placebo. A significant improvement was also observed in patients' quality of life in the treatment group compared with the placebo (p < .05). The differences of biochemical-markers and dyspepsia between the two groups were not significant. So, N. sativa supplementation with medical treatment may have beneficial effects on H. pylori eradication, weight, BMI, dietary-intake, and quality of life in infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Alizadeh-Naini
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hedieh Yousefnejad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Hejazi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Khorsand M, Akmali M, Akhzari M. Efficacy of melatonin in restoring the antioxidant status in the lens of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:543-549. [PMID: 31890680 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Melatonin is a well-known free radical scavenger. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin treatment on the antioxidant status in the lenticular tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods Thirty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: healthy control rats (group 1, n = 10); diabetic control rats (group 2, n = 10); melatonin-treated (5 mg/kg·day) diabetic rats (group 3, n = 10) and melatonin-treated (5 mg/kg·day) healthy rats (group 4, n = 4). Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, ip). Following 8-weeks of melatonin treatment, all rats were killed and the blood plasma and their lenses were stored at -70 °C for antioxidant enzyme activities assay and biochemical determination. Results The plasma glucose and lens malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in the rats of group 2 as compared to the group 1. Also, a significant decrease in the levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the lenses and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH) was found. However, the levels of lenticular MDA (not significant) and the plasma glucose significantly decreased in the rats of group 3 compared to the group 2. Besides, the levels of CAT, GR in the rats lens and plasma GSH increased significantly. Conclusion Diabetes mellitus induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, whereas melatonin decreased the blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rat lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Khorsand
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Fars-shiraz-meshkinfam St.-paramedical school-Department of laboratory sciences, Yazd, Iran
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akmali
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akhzari
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
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Jamshidi S, Hejazi N, Golmakani MT, Tanideh N. Wild pistachio ( Pistacia atlantica mutica) oil improve metabolic syndrome features in rats with high fructose ingestion. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:1255-1261. [PMID: 30627369 PMCID: PMC6312685 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.30511.7351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome is a multiplex risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Since some dietary fats such as mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) modify metabolic syndrome components the aim of the present study was to evaluate the preventive effects of mixture, kernel and hull oils of wild pistachio (WP) (Pistacia atlantica mutica) as good sources of MUFA on different features of this abnormality in rats under induction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study rats were randomly assigned to six groups with 12 animals per group. Metabolic syndrome was induced by fructose solution in groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Group 3 received sunflower oil and groups 4, 5, and 6 received mixture, hull and kernel oils of WP (2 ml/kg/day), respectively, for 10 weeks. Then, lipid profiles, glycemic indices, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters were measured using standard laboratory tests. RESULTS Different forms of WP oil induced hypotriglyceridemia, but the hypocholesterolemia effect was seen only in the mixed and kernel oil groups. Kernel oil also significantly reduced LDL and HDL cholesterol (P<0.05). In addition, mixed and kernel oils notably decreased glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance) compared with the fructose group. Serum insulin levels were significantly increased in the kernel oil group (P<0.05). All WP oils also significantly decreased inflammation (IL-6). CONCLUSION The results showed that the consumption of WP kernel oil may have beneficial effects on preventing hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, inflammation and pancreatic secretory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and food sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Hejazi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Xie X, Wu T, Wang X, Li Y, Wang K, Zhao Z, Jiao X, Tang B. A two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric visualization of hypochlorous acid in live cells and animals based on a selenide oxidation/elimination tandem reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11965-11968. [PMID: 30289138 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07312k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing the oxidation/elimination tandem reaction of the α-phenylseleno carbonyl moiety, a two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric visualization of hypochlorous acid was developed. Its superior sensing performance and practical applications were well demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Xie
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Tianhong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Kaiye Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwen Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyun Jiao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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12
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Yang T, Liu Y, Huang X, Zhang R, Yang C, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Wan J, Shi S. Quercetin‑3‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside decreases the bioavailability of cyclosporin A through regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters and nuclear receptors in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2599-2612. [PMID: 30015887 PMCID: PMC6102747 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid compound that is widely present in food and drink. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (Q3GA) is a major metabolite of quercetin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Q3GA on the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered cyclosporin A (CsA) in rats, and to assess the effect of Q3GA on drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), drug transporters (DTs) and nuclear receptors (NRs). The pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA were measured following oral (10 mg/kg) and intravenous (2.5 mg/kg) administration of CsA in the presence or absence of Q3GA. The mRNA and protein expression levels of DMEs, DTs and NRs in the liver and small intestine were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The results indicated that the intravenous administration of Q3GA (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days reduced the bioavailability of oral CsA. By contrast, the pharmacokinetics of the intravenous administration of CsA were not affected by Q3GA. However, the mRNA and protein expression levels of DMEs and DTs were inhibited by Q3GA. The activation of DMEs and DTs by NRs, and the interplay between DMEs and DTs, may explain these results. The present study identified a novel flavonoid-drug interaction, which may have implications for patients taking CsA and quercetin supplements or on a quercetin-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Kasmi S, Bkhairia I, Harrabi B, Mnif H, Marrakchi R, Ghozzi H, Kallel C, Nasri M, Zeghal K, Jamoussi K, Hakim A. Modulatory effects of quercetin on liver histopathological, biochemical, hematological, oxidative stress and DNA alterations in rats exposed to graded doses of score 250. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 28:12-22. [PMID: 28679351 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1351507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the morphological, biochemical and molecular aspects of liver injury in rats after the exposure to difenoconazole and the protective effects of quercetin against hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by this fungicide. Rats were given graded doses of difenoconazole associated or not to quercetin daily for 20 days. Our results showed a significant increase in PLT (platelets) and WBC (white blood cells) in rats treated with higher doses of difenoconazole (1/38 and 1/9 of LD50). However, a significant decrease in Hb (hemoglobin) rate and RBC (red blood cells) number in rats treated with higher doses of difenoconazole (1/38 and 1/9 of LD50) was obtained. Besides, difenoconazole treatment caused an increase in hepatic enzyme activities of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Difenoconazole increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and vitamin C levels in liver tissues compared to the control group. We also noted a degradation of nucleic acids, testifying difenoconazole genotoxicity. Changes in hepatic tissues were confirmed by histological findings. Co-administration of quercetin (20 mg/kg) improved hematological and biochemical parameters and showed a significant liver protective effect by decreasing MDA levels and producing advanced oxidation protein, along with increased antioxidative enzyme activities and vitamin C levels. Results were confirmed by the improvement of histological impairments. Thus, it appears that quercetin was effective in preventing acute liver injury induced by exposure to difenoconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Kasmi
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Intithar Bkhairia
- b Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Bahira Harrabi
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hela Mnif
- c Laboratories of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Rim Marrakchi
- d Biochemistry Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hanen Ghozzi
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Choumous Kallel
- e Hematology Laboratory , Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- b Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National Engineering School of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Khaled Zeghal
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- d Biochemistry Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Hakim
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
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Arabsolghar R, Saberzadeh J, Khodaei F, Borojeni RA, Khorsand M, Rashedinia M. The protective effect of sodium benzoate on aluminum toxicity in PC12 cell line. Res Pharm Sci 2017; 12:391-400. [PMID: 28974977 PMCID: PMC5615869 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.213984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SB) is one of the food additives and preservatives that prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria. SB has been shown to improve the symptoms of neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SB on the cell survival and cellular antioxidant indices after exposure to aluminum maltolate (Almal) in PC12 cell line as a model of neurotoxicity. The cells exposed to different concentrations of SB (0.125 to 3 mg/mL) in the presence of Almal (500 µM) and cell viability, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione content and catalase activity were measured. The results showed that low concentrations of SB caused an increase in the cell survival, but cell viability was reduced in high concentrations. SB could neither prevent the level of ROS production nor change glutathione content. SB (0.5 mg/mL) significantly increased the catalase enzyme activity as compared to the Almal. This study suggested that SB did not completely protect the cell to aluminum-induced free radicals toxicity. Possibly SB improves the symptoms of neurodegenerative disease by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Arabsolghar
- Department of Laboratory Sciences and Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences & Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Jamileh Saberzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Forouzan Khodaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Rozhin Abbasi Borojeni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashedinia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
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15
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Liu Y, Luo X, Yang C, Yang T, Zhou J, Shi S. Impact of quercetin‑induced changes in drug‑metabolizing enzyme and transporter expression on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in rats. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3073-85. [PMID: 27510982 PMCID: PMC5042751 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether quercetin (Que) modulates the mRNA and protein expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and drug transporters (DTs) in the small intestine and liver, and thus modifies the pharmacokinetic profile of cyclosporine (CsA) in rats. This two-part study evaluated the pharmacokinetic profiles of CsA in the presence or absence of Que (experiment I) and the involvement of DMEs and DTs (experiment II). In experiment I, 24 rats received single-dose CsA (10 mg/kg) on day 1, single-dose Que (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day; eight rats in each group) on days 3–8, and concomitant CsA/Que on day 9. In experiment II, the mRNA and protein expression levels of cytochrome P (CYP)3A1, CYP3A2, UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus, organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)2B1, OATP1B2, P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein, and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in the small intestine and liver of rats were analyzed following oral administration of Que at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg in the presence or absence of CsA (10 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days. Co-administration of Que (25,50 and 100 mg/kg) decreased the maximum serum concentration of CsA by 46, 50 and 47% in a dose-independent manner. In addition, the area under the curve to the last measurable concentration and area under the curve to infinite time were decreased, by 21 and 16%, 30 and 33%, and 33 and 34% (P<0.01), respectively. However, the mRNA and protein expression levels of the above-mentioned DMEs and DTs were inhibited by Que in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01) to a similar extent in the small intestine and liver. It was demonstrated that Que was able to reduce the bioavailability of CsA following multiple concomitant doses in rats. Overlapping modulation of intestinal and hepatic DMEs and DTs, as well as the DME-DT interplay are potential explanations for these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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16
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Sardarian A, Andisheh Tadbir A, Zal F, Amini F, Jafarian A, Khademi F, Mostafavi-Pour Z. Altered oxidative status and integrin expression in cyclosporine A-treated oral epithelial cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:98-104. [PMID: 25418342 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.990595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive agent administered to transplant patients. A well-known reported oral side effect of CsA consumption is gingival overgrowth (GO). Changes in the expression of integrins occurring in the gingiva following CsA treatment have been reported but these reports are mainly concerned with the connective tissue of the gingiva. In this study we targeted the alterations in the oral epithelium using KB cells, an oral epithelial cell line. METHODS Cultured oral epithelial cells were treated with increasing concentrations of CsA (0.1, 1 and 10 µg/mL) and the molecular changes involving antioxidant enzymes [glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR)] and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of selected integrins (α2, α5 and β1). RESULTS At CsA concentration above 0.1 µg/mL GPx demonstrated an increase in activity while GR activity and the level of reduced glutathione were diminished (p < 0.05). α5 and β1 integrin were downregulated at all treatment concentrations of CsA while α2 integrin presented this effect at concentrations above 1 µg/mL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest a possible role for oxidative stress and the altered expression of integrins in the pathology of CsA-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Sardarian
- Department of Orthodontics, Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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Lei DM, Piao SG, Jin YS, Jin H, Cui ZH, Jin HF, Jin JZ, Zheng HL, Li JJ, Jiang YJ, Yang CW, Li C. Expression of erythropoietin and its receptor in kidneys from normal and cyclosporine-treated rats. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:521-8. [PMID: 24656003 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long-term treatment with cyclosporine A (CsA) is associated with various types of complications; however, CsA-induced anemia has not been reported. The present study examined the impact of CsA on hematopoietic parameters and intrarenal expression of erythropoietin (EPO) and the EPO receptor (EPOR) in a rat model of chronic CsA nephrotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a low-salt diet (0.05% sodium) and were treated daily for 4 weeks with vehicle (olive oil 1 mL/kg subcutaneously) or CsA (15 mg/kg subcutaneously). The expression of EPO and EPOR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, and hematopoietic parameters were assessed by measuring blood hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, and these variables were compared between treatment groups. Renal function, oxidative stress, histopathology (tubulointerstitial fibrosis), apoptotic cell death, and expression of transforming growth factor β-inducible gene-h3 (βig-h3) were also compared between treatment groups. In kidneys from vehicle-treated rats, endogenous EPO and EPOR protein were expressed constitutively in the outer stripe of the outer medulla and the cortex. EPO protein expression decreased significantly in kidneys from CsA-treated rats. By contrast, EPOR expression was higher in kidneys from CsA-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. These changes were accompanied by decreases in serum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and correlated with the number of cells positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (r = -0.769, P = .003) and βig-h3 protein expression (r = -0.910, P < .001). Long-term treatment with CsA suppresses renal endogenous EPO expression, resulting in anemia. Increases in apoptotic cell death and βig-h3 expression are closely associated with inhibition of EPO expression in chronic CsA nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Lei
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - S G Piao
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China; Transplant Research Center, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Jin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - H Jin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Z H Cui
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - H F Jin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - J Z Jin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - H L Zheng
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - J J Li
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Y J Jiang
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - C W Yang
- Transplant Research Center, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Li
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, Jilin, China.
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Xiang Y, Piao SG, Zou HB, Jin J, Fang MR, Lei DM, Gao BH, Yang CW, Li C. L-carnitine protects against cyclosporine-induced pancreatic and renal injury in rats. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:3127-34. [PMID: 24157049 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-carnitine has protective effects against various types of injury. This study was designed to evaluate the beneficial effects of L-carnitine on pancreatic and renal injuries caused by cyclosporine (CsA). METHODS Rats maintained on a low sodium diet were given vehicle (olive oil, 1 mL/kg/d), CsA (15 mg/kg/d), L-carnitine (50 or 200 mg/kg/d), or a combination of CsA and L-carnitine for 4 weeks. The impact of L-carnitine on pancreatic injury was assessed by blood glucose levels, plasma insulin concentrations, and hemoglobulin A1c (HbA1c). In addition, the protective effects of L-carnitine against CsA-induced kidney injury were evaluated in terms of renal function, histopathology (inflammatory cell influx and tubulointerstitial fibrosis), oxidative stress (8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG), transforming growth factor-betal (TGF-β1), apoptosis (caspase-3), and autophagy (LC3-II). RESULTS CsA treatment caused diabetes, renal dysfunction, tubulointerstitial inflammation (ED-1-positive cells), and fibrosis, which were accompanied by an increase in 8-OHdG production and upregulation of TGF-β1, caspase-3, and LC3-II. Concomitant administration of L-carnitine increased plasma insulin concentrations, decreasing plasma glucose and HbA1c levels. In the kidney, L-carnitine induced dose-dependent improvement of renal function, inflammation, and fibrosis in parallel with suppression of the expression of TGF-β1 and 8-OHdG. Furthermore, the administration of L-carnitine at a high dose inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and LC3-II. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that L-carnitine has a protective effect against CsA-induced pancreatic and renal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiang
- Nephrology & Dialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, YanBian University Hospital, YanJi, JiLin, PR China
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Akbari A, Jelodar G, Nazifi S. Vitamin C protects rat cerebellum and encephalon from oxidative stress following exposure to radiofrequency wave generated by a BTS antenna model. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:347-52. [PMID: 24730455 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.910852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Cyclosporine and herbal supplement interactions. J Toxicol 2014; 2014:145325. [PMID: 24527031 PMCID: PMC3913293 DOI: 10.1155/2014/145325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine (CyA) is a well-known immunosuppressant with a narrow therapeutic window. Its bioavailability is affected by many other traditional drugs and herbal extracts. Cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) are involved in CyA bioavailability. Interactions of CyA with herbal extracts are not well known, but, given their increased concomitant use, it is important to know which extracts, many of which are commonly self-prescribed, can affect CyA blood concentrations. Decreased CyA blood concentration has been shown with St John's wort in case reports and, in vivo animal studies, with ginger, liquorice, scutellariae radix, and quercetin. Increased CyA concentration has been reported in patients with grapefruit juice, chamomile, or berberine, and with cannabidiol or resveratrol in animal studies. Effects of Echinacea and Serenoa repens on CyA levels have not been shown consistently, but concomitant use should be avoided. Although findings from animal studies cannot be directly translated into humans, avoiding concomitant use of herbal extracts is prudent until human clinical studies have ruled out any possible interaction. Clinicians should interview their patients carefully about their use of herbal supplements before CyA administration, and those receiving CyA should be warned about possible interactions between herbal preparations and CyA.
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Influence of N-Acetylcysteine on Klotho Expression and Its Signaling Pathway in Experimental Model of Chronic Cyclosporine Nephropathy in Mice. Transplantation 2013; 96:146-53. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e318296c9a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Ishikawa A, Homma Y. Beneficial effect of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Int Braz J Urol 2013; 38:230-4; discussion 234. [PMID: 22555041 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382012000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclosporine (CyA) nephrotoxicity is partly due to some oxidative stress. Ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10), has recently gained attention for its anti-oxidative potential. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of rCoQ10 on a CyA nephrotoxic rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (five animals each). Group 1 received a medium only. Group 2 received 30 mg/kg/day of CyA only. Group 3 received both the same dose of CyA and 600 mg/kg/day of rCoQ10. CyA and rCoQ10 were both given orally for four weeks. Systolic blood pressure (BP), daily urinary albumin secretion (u-Alb), serum creatinine (s-Cr) level, and super-oxide anion (SO) level in the renal tissue were measured and compared among those three groups. Immunohistochemistry using an antibody for the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was also examined. RESULTS BPs, u-Albs, s-Crs, and SO levels of groups 1, 2, and 3 were 114 ± 3, 132 ± 4, and 129 ± 5 mmHg, 2.6 ± 0.5, 42.1 ± 7.2, and 22.8 ± 3.4 micro-g/day, 1.1 ± 0.2, 1.7 ± 0.2, and 1.3 ± 0.2 mg/dL, and 224 ± 84, 1251 ± 138, and 512 ± 109 RLU/g kidney respectively. U-Albs, s-Crs, and SO levels were signifi cantly ameliorated by rCoQ10. Micro-vacuolar changes and TGF-beta positive deposits in the proximal renal tubular cells of CyA group rats disappeared in those of CyA and rCoQ10 group rats. CONCLUSION RCoQ10, an antioxidants, may have potential for preventing CyA nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Jelodar G, Nazifi S, Akbari A. The prophylactic effect of vitamin C on induced oxidative stress in rat testis following exposure to 900 MHz radio frequency wave generated by a BTS antenna model. Electromagn Biol Med 2013; 32:409-16. [PMID: 23323690 DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2012.735208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamali Jelodar
- Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, 71345 Shiraz, Iran.
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Sato T, Ishikawa A, Homma Y. Effect of reduced form of coenzyme Q10 on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2012. [PMID: 23194328 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2012.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cyclosporine, a potent immunosuppressant, has nephrotoxic adverse effects that may be mediated by oxidative stress. The reduced form of coenzyme Q10 has antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (10 animals each). Group 1 (control) received olive oil only. Group 2 received cyclosporine (30 mg/kg/d, which is an experimentally nephrotoxic dose). Group 3 received cyclosporine (30 mg/kg/d) and the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (600 mg/kg/d). The cyclosporine and the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 were given orally for 4 weeks. Daily urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine level, and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level were measured, and renal tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In rats treated with cyclosporine and the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (group 3), there were significantly less abnormalities in mean urinary albumin excretion (group 1: 2.8 ± 0.5; group 2: 41 ± 7; group 3: 21 ± 4 μg/d), serum creatinine (group 1: 1.0 ± 0.2; group 2: 1.8 ± 0.4; group 3: 1.4 ± 0.3 mg/dL), and urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels (group 1: 7 ± 3; group 2: 10 ± 3; group 3: 7 ± 1 mg/mL creatinine) than rats treated with cyclosporine alone (group 2). There were 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine deposits seen in the proximal tubular cells of group 2 that were not present in rats treated with the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (group 3). CONCLUSIONS The reduced form of coenzyme Q10 may prevent or minimize cyclosporine nephrotoxicity by an antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Sato
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Jelodar G, Akbari A, Nazifi S. The prophylactic effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress indexes in rat eyes following exposure to radiofrequency wave generated by a BTS antenna model. Int J Radiat Biol 2012; 89:128-31. [PMID: 22892052 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2012.721051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamali Jelodar
- Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz ,Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Ulusoy S, Ozkan G, Yucesan FB, Ersöz Ş, Orem A, Alkanat M, Yuluğ E, Kaynar K, Al S. Anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in preventing cyclosporine A-induced nephropathy. Nephrology (Carlton) 2012; 17:372-9. [PMID: 22257215 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Although the pathogenesis of cyclosporine (CsA) nephropathy is not completely understood, it is attributed to oxidative damage and apoptosis. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is a molecule with anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Our aim was to demonstrate the effects of GSPE in preventing CsA nephropathy. METHODS Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. The control, GSPE, CsA and CsA+GSPE groups were given 1 mL olive oil, 100 mg/kg GSPE, 25 mg/kg CsA and 100 mg/kg GSPE+25 mg/kg CsA, respectively. On day 21, blood samples were taken for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and CsA levels, and renal tissue was used for total oxidant system (TOS), total anti-oxidant system (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurements. In addition to renal histopathology, apoptosis staining was performed on renal tissue. RESULTS The BUN, creatinine, TOS, OSI, MDA, histopathological score, and apoptotic index exhibited increases in the CsA group. In the CsA+GSPE group, however, BUN, creatinine, OSI, MDA, renal histopathological score and apoptotic index (AI) decreased and TAS levels increased. In addition, there was no difference between the CsA and CsA+GSPE groups with regard to CsA levels. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that GSPE prevents CsA nephropathy and that this effect is achieved by anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant activity. We also achieved a significant recovery in kidney functions without affecting CsA plasma levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Ulusoy
- Departments of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
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Salehi M, Sohrabi Z, Ekramzadeh M, Fallahzadeh MK, Ayatollahi M, Geramizadeh B, Hassanzadeh J, Sagheb MM. Selenium supplementation improves the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 28:716-23. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Niimi K, Yasui T, Hirose M, Hamamoto S, Itoh Y, Okada A, Kubota Y, Kojima Y, Tozawa K, Sasaki S, Hayashi Y, Kohri K. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening induces the initial process of renal calcium crystallization. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:1207-17. [PMID: 22285391 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubular cell injury induced by oxidative stress via mitochondrial collapse is thought to be the initial process of renal calcium crystallization. Mitochondrial collapse is generally caused by mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, which can be blocked by cyclosporine A (CsA). Definitive evidence for the involvement of mPTP opening in the initial process of renal calcium crystallization, however, is lacking. In this study, we examined the physiological role of mPTP opening in renal calcium crystallization in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, cultured renal tubular cells were exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals and treated with CsA (2 μM). COM crystals induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and generated oxidative stress as evaluated by Cu-Zn SOD and 4-HNE. Furthermore, the expression of cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3 was increased and these effects were prevented by CsA. In the in vivo study, Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1% ethylene glycol (EG) to generate a rat kidney stone model and then treated with CsA (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. EG administration induced renal calcium crystallization, which was prevented by CsA. Mitochondrial collapse was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy, and oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring Cu-Zn SOD, MDA, and 8-OHdG generated by EG administration, all of which were prevented by CsA. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence for a role of mPTP opening and its associated mitochondrial collapse, oxidative stress, and activation of the apoptotic pathway in the initial process of renal calcium crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Niimi
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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Roozbeh J, Shahriyari B, Akmali M, Vessal G, Pakfetrat M, Raees Jalali GA, Afshariani R, Hasheminasab M, Ghahramani N. Comparative effects of silymarin and vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress markers, and hemoglobin levels among patients on hemodialysis. Ren Fail 2011; 33:118-23. [PMID: 21332331 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2010.541579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of accelerated atherosclerosis among patients on hemodialysis is very high and oxidative stress (OS) is a potentially major contributor to their morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Silymarin and/or vitamin E on OS markers and hemoglobin levels in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS Eighty patients on hemodialysis were randomized into four groups: Group 1 received silymarin 140 mg 3 times daily; Group 2 received vitamin E 400 IU/day; Group 3 received silymarin 140 mg 3 times daily and vitamin E 400 IU/day; and Group 4 was the control. Samples were obtained at baseline and on day 21 for measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), red blood cell (RBC) glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and hemoglobin. RESULTS Combination of silymarin and vitamin E led to a reduction in the MDA levels (7.84 ± 1.84 vs. 9.20 ± 2.74 nmol/mL; p = 0.008). There was a significant increase in RBC GPX levels in all treatment groups compared with controls after 3 weeks. This was more pronounced in the group receiving combination compared with the group receiving vitamin E or the control group (5.78 ± 3.51, 4.22 ± 1.63, and 3.16 ± 1.89 IU/grHb, respectively; p < 0.001). There was also a significant increase in mean hemoglobin of all treatment groups compared with the control. CONCLUSIONS Oral supplementation with silymarin and vitamin E leads to reduction in MDA, increase in RBC GPX, and increase in hemoglobin levels in patients with end-stage renal disease. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are required to investigate the effect of silymarin on cardiovascular outcomes and erythropoietin requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Roozbeh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Cheng SP, Lee JJ, Chi CW, Chang KM, Chen YJ. Platonin Improves Survival of Skin Allografts. J Surg Res 2010; 164:146-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vessal G, Akmali M, Najafi P, Moein MR, Sagheb MM. Silymarin and milk thistle extract may prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ren Fail 2010; 32:733-9. [PMID: 20540643 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2010.486488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of silymarin and milk thistle extract on the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. METHODS Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg). Silymarin (100 mg/kg/d) or the extract (1.2 g/kg/d) was gavaged for 4 weeks. Blood glucose (BS), serum urea (S(u)), serum creatinine (S(cr)), and 24-h urine protein (Up) were measured and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated. Concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated in the renal tissue. RESULTS Data were expressed as mean +/- SEM. Silymarin or the extract had no significant effect on BS, S(cr), and GFR. Both milk thistle extract and silymarin, respectively, decreased S(u) (mg/dL) (87.1 +/- 7.78, p < 0.001; 84.5 +/- 7.15, p < 0.001), Up (mg) (5.22 +/- 1.56, p = 0.014; 5.67 +/- 0.86, p = 0.034), and tissue TBARS (nmol/mg protein) (0.67 +/- 0.04, p < 0.001; 0.63 +/- 0.07, p < 0.001) in diabetic rats, compared to diabetic control (DC) (S(u): 131.0 +/- 4.55, Up: 8.3 +/- 0.84, TBARS: 0.94 +/- 0.06). Both the extract and silymarin could increase the activity of CAT (IU/mg protein) (25.5 +/- 4.0, p = 0.005; 20 +/- 1.8, p = 0.16) and GPx (IU/mg protein) (0.86 +/- 0.05, p = 0.005; 0.74 +/- 0.04, p = 0.10), respectively, in diabetic rats compared to DC (CAT = 14.4 +/- 2.0, GPx = 0.57 +/- 0.02). CONCLUSION Milk thistle extract, to a lesser extent silymarin, can attenuate DN in rats possibly by increasing kidney CAT and GPx activity and decreasing lipid peroxidation in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Vessal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Uzun FG, Demir F, Kalender S, Bas H, Kalender Y. Protective effect of catechin and quercetin on chlorpyrifos-induced lung toxicity in male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1714-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Gökçe A, Oktar S, Yönden Z, Aydin M, Ilhan S, Ozkan OV, Davarci M, Yalçinkaya FR. Protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Ren Fail 2010; 31:843-7. [PMID: 19925294 DOI: 10.3109/08860220903137517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cyclosporine A, an immunosuppressive agent, is widely used after organ transplantation such as the liver and kidney. However, its widespread use is restricted because it has serious toxic effects on the kidney. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural product with potent anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant activities, and it attenuates inflammation and lipid peroxidation induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CAPE on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were divided into four groups and treated with saline, CAPE, CsA, and CsA + CAPE. Control rats were given saline; the CAPE group was given CAPE (10 micromol/kg/day) for 11 days intraperitoneally; the CsA group was given CsA (15 mg/kg/day) for 10 days subcutaneously; and the CsA+CAPE group was given CAPE for 11 days, and rats were s.c. injected with CsA in 0.5 ml of saline once a day for 10 days at the same time. RESULTS The administration of CsA alone resulted in higher myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) than in the control. The enzyme activities except CAT in rats treated with CAPE alone were not changed. CAPE treatment prevented the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased CAT activity more, but did not affect the activities of MPO and SOD enzymes. DISCUSSION CsA causes renal injury and CAPE prevents CAT- and lipid peroxidation-mediated nephrotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Gökçe
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Upaganlawar A, Gandhi C, Balaraman R. Effect of green tea and vitamin E combination in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2009; 64:75-80. [PMID: 19058010 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-008-0105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the combined effects of green tea and vitamin E on heart weight, body weight, serum marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, endogenous antioxidants and membrane bound ATPases in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Adult male albino rats, treated with ISO (200 mg/kg, s.c.) for 2 days at an interval of 24 h caused a significant (P<0.05) elevation of heart weight, serum marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation and Ca+2 ATPase level whereas there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in body weight, endogenous antioxidants, Na+/ K+ ATPase and Mg+2 ATPase levels. Administration of green tea (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) together for 30 consecutive days and challenged with ISO on the day 29th and 30th, showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in heart weight, serum marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, Ca+2 ATPase and a significant increase in the body weight, endogenous antioxidants, Na+/K+ ATPase and Mg+2 ATPase when compared with ISO treated group and green tea or vitamin E alone treated groups. These findings indicate the synergistic protective effect of green tea and vitamin E during ISO induced myocardial infarction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Upaganlawar
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India.
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Kim BS, Cha HN, Kim YW, Kim JY, Dan JM, Park SY. Inhibition of Lipid Infusion–Induced Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance by Cotreatment With Tempol and Glutathione in Mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 110:370-80. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.09046fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Mostafavi-Pour Z, Zal F, Monabati A, Vessal M. Protective effects of a combination of quercetin and vitamin E against cyclosporine A-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatol Res 2008; 38:385-92. [PMID: 17927767 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cyclosporine A (CsA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug in transplant surgery. It is able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances [TBARS]), which will directly result in CsA hepatotoxicity. METHODS In this study, the potential of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (E), in attenuating CsA-induced liver dysfunction in rats was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups and treated with either olive oil, ethanol + olive oil, CsA, CsA + E, CsA + Q, or CsA + E + Q for both 4 and 8 weeks. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by morphological alterations in tissue architecture and by reduced serum total protein and increased serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS The results indicated that CsA treatment increases TBARS and decreases activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the rat liver. The co-administration of E and Q with CsA treatment improved both liver morphology changes and function. A combination of these antioxidants significantly reduced TBARS and increased CAT and GPx activities in the hepatic tissue. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrates that E + Q plays a protective role against the imbalance elicited by CsA between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defence systems, and suggests that a combination of these two antioxidants may find clinical application where cellular damage is a consequence of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Department of Biochemistry, and Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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