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Hussain M, Thakur RK, Khazir J, Ahmed S, Khan MI, Rahi P, Peer LA, Shanmugam PV, Kaur S, Raina SN, Reshi ZA, Sehgal D, Rajpal VR, Mir BA. Traditional uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of the Genus Artemisia L. (Asteraceae): A High-value Medicinal Plant. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:301-342. [PMID: 37711006 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230914104141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active secondary metabolites, essential oils, and volatile compounds derived from medicinal and aromatic plants play a crucial role in promoting human health. Within the large family Asteraceae, the genus Artemisia consists of approximately 500 species. Artemisia species have a rich history in traditional medicine worldwide, offering remedies for a wide range of ailments, such as malaria, jaundice, toothache, gastrointestinal problems, wounds, inflammatory diseases, diarrhoea, menstrual pains, skin disorders, headache, and intestinal parasites. The therapeutic potential of Artemisia species is derived from a multitude of phytoconstituents, including terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, lignans, and alkaloids that serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The remarkable antimalarial, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antispasmodic, antioxidative and insecticidal properties possessed by the species are attributed to these APIs. Interestingly, several commercially utilized pharmaceutical drugs, including arglabin, artemisinin, artemether, artesunate, santonin, and tarralin have also been derived from different Artemisia species. However, despite the vast medicinal potential, only a limited number of Artemisia species have been exploited commercially. Further, the available literature on traditional and pharmacological uses of Artemisia lacks comprehensive reviews. Therefore, there is an urgent need to bridge the existing knowledge gaps and provide a scientific foundation for future Artemisia research endeavours. It is in this context, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive account of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, documented biological properties and toxicity of all the species of Artemisia and offers useful insights for practitioners and researchers into underutilized species and their potential applications. This review aims to stimulate further exploration, experimentation and collaboration to fully realize the therapeutic potential of Artemisia in augmenting human health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor Hussain
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Rakesh Kr Thakur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P, 201313, India
| | - Jabeena Khazir
- Department of Chemistry, HKM Govt. Degree College Eidgah, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Sajad Ahmed
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu, 180001, J&K, India
| | | | - Praveen Rahi
- Biological Resources Center, Institut Pasteur, University de Paris, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Latif Ahmad Peer
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
| | | | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Soom Nath Raina
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P, 201313, India
| | - Zafar Ahmad Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Deepmala Sehgal
- Syngenta, Jeolett's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK
| | - Vijay Rani Rajpal
- Department of Botany, HansRaj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
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Tang W, Li Q, Sui Y, Dong X, Nie R, Meng X. The cross-linking and protective effect of artemisinin and its derivatives on collagen fibers of demineralized dentin surface. J Dent 2023; 138:104733. [PMID: 37783373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the cross-linking and protective effect of artemisinin (ART), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), and artesunate (AST) on collagen fibers of demineralized dentin surface. METHODS Molecular docking was used to predict potential interactions of ART, DHA, and AST with dentin type I collagen. Human third molars without caries were completely demineralized and treated with different solutions for 1 min. The molecular interactions and cross-linking degree of ART and its derivatives with dentin collagen were evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, total extractable protein content, and a ninhydrin assay. Scanning electron microscopy, hydroxyproline release, and ultimate microtensile strength tests (μUTS) were employed to confirm the mechanical properties and anti-collagenase degradation properties of dentin collagen fibers. RESULTS ART, DHA, and AST combined with dentin type I collagen mainly through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, and the cross-linking reaction sites were mainly C=O and CN functional groups. Compared to the control group, ART and its derivatives significantly increased the degree of cross-linking. Additionally, significant increases were observed in resistance to enzymatic digestion and mechanical properties of the artemisinin and its derivatives group. CONCLUSION ART, DHA, and AST could cross-link with demineralized dentin collagen, through improving the mechanical properties and anti-collagenase degradation properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The study endorses the potential use of ART and its derivatives as a prospective collagen cross-linking agent for degradation-resistant and long-period dentin bonding in composite resin restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Tang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Qiongfang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Yuan Sui
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Rongrong Nie
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- Department of Prosthodontic Technology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China.
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Liang D, Liu L, Zhao Y, Luo Z, He Y, Li Y, Tang S, Tang J, Chen N. Targeting extracellular matrix through phytochemicals: a promising approach of multi-step actions on the treatment and prevention of cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1186712. [PMID: 37560476 PMCID: PMC10407561 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1186712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal and dynamic role in the construction of tumor microenvironment (TME), becoming the focus in cancer research and treatment. Multiple cell signaling in ECM remodeling contribute to uncontrolled proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion and drug resistance of cancer. Targeting trilogy of ECM remodeling could be a new strategy during the early-, middle-, advanced-stages of cancer and overcoming drug resistance. Currently nearly 60% of the alternative anticancer drugs are derived from natural products or active ingredients or structural analogs isolated from plants. According to the characteristics of ECM, this manuscript proposes three phases of whole-process management of cancer, including prevention of cancer development in the early stage of cancer (Phase I); prevent the metastasis of tumor in the middle stage of cancer (Phase II); provide a novel method in the use of immunotherapy for advanced cancer (Phase III), and present novel insights on the contribution of natural products use as innovative strategies to exert anticancer effects by targeting components in ECM. Herein, we focus on trilogy of ECM remodeling and the interaction among ECM, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and sort out the intervention effects of natural products on the ECM and related targets in the tumor progression, provide a reference for the development of new drugs against tumor metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyi Luo
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yadi He
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyun Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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CHENG X, ZHAO C, JIN Z, HU J, ZHANG Z, ZHANG C. Natural products: potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:830-845. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Agrawal PK, Agrawal C, Blunden G. Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment? Molecules 2022; 27:3828. [PMID: 35744958 PMCID: PMC9231170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the world desperately searches for ways to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a growing number of people are turning to herbal remedies. The Artemisia species, such as A. annua and A. afra, in particular, exhibit positive effects against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 related symptoms. A. annua is a source of artemisinin, which is active against malaria, and also exhibits potential for other diseases. This has increased interest in artemisinin's potential for drug repurposing. Artemisinin-based combination therapies, so-called ACTs, have already been recognized as first-line treatments against malaria. Artemisia extract, as well as ACTs, have demonstrated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. Artemisinin and its derivatives have also shown anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that plays a key role in the development of severe COVID-19. There is now sufficient evidence in the literature to suggest the effectiveness of Artemisia, its constituents and/or artemisinin derivatives, to fight against the SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting its invasion, and replication, as well as reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and mitigating lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K. Agrawal
- Natural Product Inc., 7963 Anderson Park Lane, Westerville, OH 43081, USA;
| | - Chandan Agrawal
- Natural Product Inc., 7963 Anderson Park Lane, Westerville, OH 43081, USA;
| | - Gerald Blunden
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK;
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Ahmad I, Ali R, dos Santos Lopes MJ, Steinmetz CHD, Haq FU. Artemisia annua L. and Its Derivatives: Their Antiviral Effects on COVID-19 and Possible Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 7:54-58. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2021.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Duan H, Li R, Peng W, Wu C. Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling: An important molecular mechanism of herbal medicine in the treatment of atherosclerosis via the protection of vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress. J Adv Res 2022; 34:43-63. [PMID: 35024180 PMCID: PMC8655139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, Nrf2/HO-1 has received extensive attention as the main regulatory pathway of intracellular defense against oxidative stress and is considered an ideal target for alleviating endothelial cell (EC) injury. Objectives This paper aimed to summarized the natural monomers/extracts that potentially exert protective effects against oxidative stress in ECs. Methods A literature search was carried out regarding our topic with the keywords of “atherosclerosis” or “Nrf2/HO-1” or “vascular endothelial cells” or “oxidative stress” or “Herbal medicine” or “natural products” or “natural extracts” or “natural compounds” or “traditional Chinese medicines” based on classic books of herbal medicine and scientific databases including Pubmed, SciFinder, Scopus, the Web of Science, GoogleScholar, BaiduScholar, and others. Then, we analyzed the possible molecular mechanisms for different types of natural compounds in the treatment of atherosclerosis via the protection of vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress. In addition, perspectives for possible future studies are discussed. Results These agents with protective effects against oxidative stress in ECs mainly include phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Most of these agents alleviate cell apoptosis in ECs due to oxidative stress, and the mechanisms are related to Nrf2/HO-1 signaling activation. However, despite continued progress in research on various aspects of natural agents exerting protective effects against EC injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, the development of new drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) and other CVDs based on these agents will require more detailed preclinical and clinical studies. Conclusion Our present paper provides updated information of natural agents with protective activities on ECs against oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/HO-1. We hope this review will provide some directions for the further development of novel candidate drugs from natural agents for the treatment of AS and other CVDs.
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Key Words
- 7-HMR, (−)-7(S)-hydroxymatairesinol
- ADH, andrographolide
- AGE, advanced glycation end product
- AMP, Athyrium Multidentatum
- APV, aqueous extracts of Prunella Vulgaris
- ARE, antioxidant reaction elements
- AS, atherosclerosis
- ASD-IV, Astragaloside IV
- ASP, Angelica sinensis polysaccharide
- ASTP, Astragalus polysacharin
- Akt, protein kinase B
- Ang, Angiotensin
- ApoE, apolipoprotein E
- Atherosclerosis
- BAECs, bovine artery endothelial cells
- BBR, Berberine
- BITC, benzyl isothiocyanate
- C3G, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
- CINM, Cinnamaldehyde
- CNC, Cap'n'collar
- CREB, cAMP-response element binding protein
- CVDs, cardiovascular diseases
- CVRF, cardiovascular risk factors
- DMY, Dihydromyricetin
- ECC, (−)-Epicatechin
- ECs, endothelial cells
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
- ERK, extracellular regulated protein kinases
- ET, endothelin
- EXS, Xanthoceras sorbifolia
- FFA, Fatty Acids
- GPx, Glutathione peroxidase
- GSD Rg1, Ginsenoside Rg1
- GTE, Ganoderma tsugae extracts
- Gau A, Glaucocalyxin A
- HAMS, human anthocyanin medicated serum
- HG, high glucose
- HIF-1, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1
- HO-1, heme oxygenase
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- HXC, Huoxue capsule
- Hcy, Homocysteine
- Herbal medicine
- ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule
- IL, interleukin
- KGRE, extracts of KGR
- KRG, Korean red ginseng
- Keap1, kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related proteins
- LWDH, Liuwei-Dihuang pill
- MA, maslinic acid
- MAPKK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
- MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinases
- MCGA3, 3-O-caffeoyl-1-methylquinic acid
- MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- Molecular mechanism
- NAF, Nepeta Angustifolia
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B
- NG, naringenin
- NQO1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase
- Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2
- Nrf2/HO-1 signaling
- OA, Oleanolic acid
- OMT, Oxymatrine
- OX-LDL, oxidized low density lipoprotein
- Oxidative stress
- PA, Palmitate
- PAA, Pachymic acid
- PAI-1, plasminogen activator Inhibitor-1
- PEITC, phenethyl isocyanate
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase
- PKC, protein kinase C
- PT, Pterostilbene
- RBPC, phenolic extracts derived from rice bran
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SAL, Salidroside
- SFN, sulforaphane
- SMT, Samul-Tang Tang
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- Sal B, salvianolic acid B
- SchB, Schisandrin B
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TXA2, Thromboxane A2
- TrxR1, thioredoxin reductase-1
- US, uraemic serum
- VA, Vanillic acid
- VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule
- VEC, vascular endothelial cells
- VEI, vascular endothelial injury
- Vascular endothelial cells
- XAG, xanthoangelol
- XXT, Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet
- Z-Lig, Z-ligustilide
- eNOS, endothelial NO synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Huxinyue Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ruolan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
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Zhou H, You P, Liu H, Fan J, Tong C, Yang A, Jiang Y, Liu B. Artemisinin and Procyanidins loaded multifunctional nanocomplexes alleviate atherosclerosis via simultaneously modulating lipid influx and cholesterol efflux. J Control Release 2021; 341:828-843. [PMID: 34942304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of new reagents combining with nanotechnology has become an efficient strategy for improving the immune escaping ability and increasing local drug concentration for natural compounds with low therapy efficiency. In this study, we prepared biomimetic membrane-coated Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) for the treatment of atherosclerosis, using the function of Artemisinin (ART) and Procyanidins (PC) on the lipid influx and cholesterol efflux of macrophages, two logical steps involved in the plaque progression. In vitro results indicated that the prepared nanocomplexes have significant scavenging effect on ROS and NO, followed by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, leading to the suppression of lipid influx. Meanwhile, they can notably reduce the uptake and internalization of oxLDL through significantly enhancing AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway, accompanied by promoting cholesterol efflux. In vivo study showed that the improved biocompatibility and immune-escape ability of nanocomplexes allowed less drug clearance during the circulation and high drug accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaque of ApoE-/- mice model. More importantly, the ART and PC co-loaded nanocomplexes showed the high efficacy against atherosclerosis of ApoE-/- mice model with both 8-week low dosage treatment or 1-week high dosage treatment. These findings indicated that ART and PC co-loaded nanocomplexes was promising for the targeted treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Peidong You
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Jialong Fan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chunyi Tong
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Anning Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yideng Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Wang P, Tian X, Tang J, Duan X, Wang J, Cao H, Qiu X, Wang W, Mai M, Yang Q, Liao R, Yan F. Artemisinin protects endothelial function and vasodilation from oxidative damage via activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. Exp Gerontol 2021; 147:111270. [PMID: 33556535 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies showed that artemisinin (ART) may be useful in the protection against the early development of atherosclerosis, but the effects of ART on vasodilation and eNOS remained unclear. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS In the current study, we investigated the protective effect of ART on endothelial cell injury induced by oxidative stress and its underlying mechanism via MTT assay, Flow Cytometry Assay, Vasodilation study, Western blotting and vivo assay. RESULTS We found that pretreatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ART significantly suppressed H2O2-induced cell death by decreasing the extent of oxidation and MDA activity, activating SOD, increasing NO production and inhibiting caspase 3/7 activity. Meanwhile, we also found that ART was able to activate PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or Akt kinase specific inhibitor Akt inhibitor VIII blocked the protective effect of ART. To explore the effect of ART in the damage of vasodilation induced by H2O2 in mice, we treated the aortic ring from C57BL/6 mice with H2O2 with or without ART, the results demonstrated that ART ameliorated endothelium-dependent vasodilation damage induced by H2O2. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data suggest that ART is able to protect endothelial function and vasodilation from oxidative damage, at least in part through activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. Our findings indicate that artemisinin maybe as a potential therapeutic agent for patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juxian Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Xiao Duan
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinying Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Cao
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Qiu
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfei Mai
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaohong Yang
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rifang Liao
- Department of pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fengxia Yan
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Jiang YY, Shui JC, Zhang BX, Chin JW, Yue RS. The Potential Roles of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585487. [PMID: 33381036 PMCID: PMC7768903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that has become a global public health problem. Studies on T2DM prevention and treatment mostly focus on discovering therapeutic drugs. Artemisinin and its derivatives were originally used as antimalarial treatments. In recent years, the roles of artemisinins in T2DM have attracted much attention. Artemisinin treatments not only attenuate insulin resistance and restore islet ß-cell function in T2DM but also have potential therapeutic effects on diabetic complications, including diabetic kidney disease, cognitive impairment, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic cardiovascular disease. Many in vitro and in vivo experiments have confirmed the therapeutic utility of artemisinin and its derivatives on T2DM, but no article has systematically demonstrated the specific role artemisinin plays in the treatment of T2DM. This review summarizes the potential therapeutic effects and mechanism of artemisinin and its derivatives in T2DM and associated complications, providing a reference for subsequent related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yi Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Shui
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Xun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Wei Chin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-Song Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Summarize of the reports on antioxidants especially from herbal sources which battle oxidative stress might be proficient to forestall and repair the free radical-prompted vascular damages in overseeing of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Atherosclerosis is the one of the fundamental reason for hypertension, stroke, myocardial localized necrosis, and numerous other cardiovascular illnesses. Atherosclerosis associated path physiological factors like hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking actuates oxidative stress which are characterized by excessive oxidation and improper exclusion. The herbal plant-based antioxidant agents are effective towards the management/treatment of atherosclerosis by different ways like, by diminishing the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, diminishing the cell proliferation, restraining the foam cell arrangement, and advancing the reverse cholesterol transport, down regulation of pro-atherogenic genes, and inflammatory mediators. This review is a critical analysis about the role of oxidative stress in atherogenesis and furthermore outlines the ongoing study/examination done on the management of atherosclerosis by utilizing herbal antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Education, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area, Dist: Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India.
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Artemisinin and its derivatives: a potential therapeutic approach for oral lichen planus. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:297-310. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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13
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Lu NH, Zhang ZW, Guo RW, Yang LX, Song YX, Ye JS, Shi YK. Yunnanterpene G, a spiro-triterpene from the roots of Cimicifuga foetida, downregulates the expression of CD147 and MMPs in PMA differentiated THP-1 cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15036-15043. [PMID: 35541353 PMCID: PMC9079972 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01895b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cycloartane triterpene, yunnanterpene G (1), containing an oxaspiro[5.4]decane moiety, was purified from the roots of Cimicifuga foetida. The new structure was determined from spectroscopic data and the X-ray diffraction method. Biological evaluations revealed that compound 1 significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of the atherosclerosis-related adhesion molecule CD147 (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, EMMPRIN), and proteolytic enzymes matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and MMP-14, in a dose-dependent manner in phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced human monocytic THP-1 cells by quantitative real-time PCR method. At the same time, the migration ability of the induced THP-1 cells was potently inhibited. Furthermore, western blot experiments showed that compound 1 at 25 μM strongly suppressed phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK in the differentiated THP-1 cells. Yunnanterpene G (1), a new cycloartane triterpene with an oxaspiro[5.4]decane moiety, was purified from the roots of Cimicifuga foetida. Significantly, it downregulates the expression of CD147 and MMPs in PMA differentiated THP-1 cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Hong Lu
- Department of Postgraduate, Kunming Medical University Yunnan 650500 P. R. China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Yunnan 650032 P. R. China
| | - Rui-Wei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Yunnan 650032 P. R. China
| | - Li-Xia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Yunnan 650032 P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xian Song
- Department of Postgraduate, Kunming Medical University Yunnan 650500 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Shan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Yunnan 650032 P. R. China
| | - Yan-Kun Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Yunnan 650032 P. R. China
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Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Mitchell PT, Kishkentaeva АS, Shaimerdenova ZR, Atazhanova GA, Adekenov SM, Quinn MT. The natural sesquiterpene lactones arglabin, grosheimin, agracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin inhibit T cell receptor (TCR) activation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 146:36-46. [PMID: 29216473 PMCID: PMC5750123 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the T cell receptor (TCR) pathway represents an effective strategy for the treatment of T cell-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To identify natural compounds that could inhibit inflammatory T cell responses, we screened 13 sesquiterpene lactones, including achillin, arglabin, argolide, argracin, 3β-hydroxyarhalin, artesin, artemisinin, estafiatin, grosheimin, grossmisin, leucomisine, parthenolide, and taurine, for their ability to modulate activation-induced Ca2+ mobilization in Jurkat T cells. Five of the compounds (arglabin, grosheimin, argracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin) inhibited anti-CD3-induced mobilization of intercellular Ca2+ ([Ca2⁺]i) in Jurkat cells, with the most potent being parthenolide and argacin (IC50 = 5.6 and 6.1 μM, respectively). Likewise, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 in activated Jurkat cells was inhibited by these five compounds, with the most potent being parthenolide and estafiatin (IC50 = 13.8 and 15.4 μM, respectively). These compounds also inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in primary human T cells and depleted intracellular glutathione. In contrast, none of the sesquiterpene lactones inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in HL60 cells transfected with N-formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and stimulated with the FPR2 peptide agonist WKYMVM, indicating specificity for T cell activation. Estafiatin, a representative sesquiterpene lactone, was also profiled in a cell-based phosphokinase array for 43 kinase phosphorylation sites, as well as in a cell-free competition binding assay for its ability to compete with an active-site directed ligand for 95 different protein kinases. Besides inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, estafiatin also inhibited phosphorylation of p53, AMPKα1, CREB, and p27 elicited by TCR activation in Jurkat cells, but it did not bind to any of 95 kinases evaluated. These results suggest that arglabin, grosheimin, agracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin can selectively inhibit initial phases of TCR activation and may be natural compounds with previously undescribed immunotherapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Pete T Mitchell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Аnarkul S Kishkentaeva
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar R Shaimerdenova
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Gayane A Atazhanova
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Sergazy M Adekenov
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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Kim SJ, Song YS, Pham TH, Bak Y, Lee HP, Hong JT, Yoon DY. (E)-2-Methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-1-en-1-yl) phenol attenuates PMA-induced inflammatory responses in human monocytic cells through PKCδ/JNK/AP-1 pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:19-27. [PMID: 29371085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
(E)-2-Methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-1-en-1-yl) phenol (MMPP), a new (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2 - butenal derivative, reportedly has therapeutic effects such as anti-arthritic properties. Although previous studies showed that MMPP has anti-arthritic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the anti-inflammation mechanism of MMPP remains unclear. In this study, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was used as an inflammatory stimulus to evaluate the detailed mechanism of the MMPP-mediated anti-inflammatory effect in human monocytic THP-1 cells. We investigated the effects of MMPP on inflammation-related pathways including protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), mitogen-activated protein kinase, and activator protein-1 (AP-1). PMA induced the translocation of PKCs from the cytosol to the membrane and phosphorylated JNK. MMPP inhibited PMA-induced membrane translocation of PKCδ, phosphorylation of JNK, and nuclear translocation of AP-1, resulting in downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and chemokine ligand 5 production. These findings indicate that MMPP inhibits inflammatory responses in THP-1 cells by mitigating PMA-induced activation of PKCδ and JNK and nuclear translocation of AP-1. Therefore, MMPP may be useful as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Thu-Huyen Pham
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yesol Bak
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaemgmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaemgmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Dietary supplementation of enzymatically treated Artemisia annua could alleviate the intestinal inflammatory response in heat-stressed broilers. J Therm Biol 2017; 69:184-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Protects against Cytokine Production as the Potential Immunosuppressive Agents in Atherosclerosis. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:7424307. [PMID: 29038791 PMCID: PMC5606136 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7424307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dyslipidemia and mediated by both innate and adaptive immune responses. Inflammation is a critical factor at all stages of atherosclerosis progression. Proinflammatory cytokines accelerate atherosclerosis progression, while anti-inflammatory cytokines ameliorate the disease. Accordingly, strategies to inhibit immune activation and impede immune responses towards anti-inflammatory activity are an alternative therapeutic strategy to conventional chemotherapy on cardiocerebrovascular outcomes. Since a number of Chinese medicinal plants have been used traditionally to prevent and treat atherosclerosis, it is reasonable to assume that the plants used for such disease may suppress the immune responses and the resultant inflammation. This review focuses on plants that have immunomodulatory effects on the production of inflammatory cytokine burst and are used in Chinese traditional medicine for the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis.
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Yan F, Wang H, Gao Y, Xu J, Zheng W. Artemisinin Protects Retinal Neuronal Cells against Oxidative Stress and Restores Rat Retinal Physiological Function from Light Exposed Damage. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1713-1723. [PMID: 28447781 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of severe visual loss and blindness in the aging population which lacks any effective treatments currently. In this study, artemisinin, a well-known antimalarial drug was found to suppress hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell death in retinal neuronal RGC-5 cells. Artemisinin, in the therapeutically relevant dosage, concentration-dependently attenuated the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cell apoptosis in RGC-5 cells induced by H2O2. Western blot analysis showed that artemisinin upregulated the phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) and reversed the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on the phosphorylation of these two kinases. Moreover, protective effect of artemisinin was blocked by the p38 kinase inhibitor PD169316 or ERK1/2 kinase pathway inhibitor PD98059, respectively. In contrast, c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor and rapamycin had no effect in the protective effect of artemisinin. Taken together, these results demonstrated that artemisinin promoted the survival of RGC-5 cells from H2O2 toxicity via the activation of the p38 and ERK1/2 pathways. Interestingly, intravitreous injection of artimisinin, concentration-dependently reversed light exposed-damage (a dry AMD animal model) of rat retinal physiological function detected by flash electroretinogram. These results indicate that artemisinin can protect retinal neuronal functions from H2O2-induced damage in vitro and in vivo and suggest the potential application of artemisinin as a new drug in the treatment of retinal disorders like AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Yan
- Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
- The
First Affiliated Hospital and Neuroparmacology, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Zhongshan
Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
- The
First Affiliated Hospital and Neuroparmacology, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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Artemisinin and its derivatives in cancer therapy: status of progress, mechanism of action, and future perspectives. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:451-466. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Wang Y, Cao J, Fan Y, Xie Y, Xu Z, Yin Z, Gao L, Wang C. Artemisinin inhibits monocyte adhesion to HUVECs through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1567-75. [PMID: 27122190 PMCID: PMC4866958 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion of monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) plays a crucial role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) are two important molecules involved in the adhesion of monocytes to HUVECs. Previous studies have suggested that artemisinin, apart from an anti-malarial agent, also has other effects. In the present study, we found that artemisinin significantly decreased the adhesion of monocytes to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed the mRNA and protein level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. In addition, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor, Bay 11-7082, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors (SB203580 and U0126) respectively reduced the adhesion of monocytes to TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs, and suppressed ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in TNF-α stimulated HUVECs. Moreover, artemisinin impeded the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, Bay 11-7082 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of levels extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Taken together, the findings of our study indicated that artemisinin blocked monocyte adhesion to TNF-α-stimulated to HUVECs by downregulating ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in the TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. Artemisinin may thus have potential for use in the protection against the early development of atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiatian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yushui Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zuojun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhaofang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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DONG FENGYUN, TIAN HU, YAN SUHUA, LI LIQUN, DONG XIAOFENG, WANG FUHAI, LI JIE, LI CHANGSHENG, CAO ZHIQUN, LIU XIAOCHUN, LIU JU. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits endothelial cell proliferation through the suppression of the ERK signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2015. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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23
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Ivanescu B, Miron A, Corciova A. Sesquiterpene Lactones from Artemisia Genus: Biological Activities and Methods of Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:247685. [PMID: 26495156 PMCID: PMC4606394 DOI: 10.1155/2015/247685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones are a large group of natural compounds, found primarily in plants of Asteraceae family, with over 5000 structures reported to date. Within this family, genus Artemisia is very well represented, having approximately 500 species characterized by the presence of eudesmanolides and guaianolides, especially highly oxygenated ones, and rarely of germacranolides. Sesquiterpene lactones exhibit a wide range of biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiulcer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, and insect deterrent. Many of the biological activities are attributed to the α-methylene-γ-lactone group in their molecule which reacts through a Michael-addition with free sulfhydryl or amino groups in proteins and alkylates them. Due to the fact that most sesquiterpene lactones are thermolabile, less volatile compounds, they present no specific chromophores in the molecule and are sensitive to acidic and basic mediums, and their identification and quantification represent a difficult task for the analyst. Another problematic aspect is represented by the complexity of vegetal samples, which may contain compounds that can interfere with the analysis. Therefore, this paper proposes an overview of the methods used for the identification and quantification of sesquiterpene lactones found in Artemisia genus, as well as the optimal conditions for their extraction and separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Ivanescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 Universitatii Street, 700150 Iasi, Romania
- *Bianca Ivanescu:
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 Universitatii Street, 700150 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreia Corciova
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 Universitatii Street, 700150 Iasi, Romania
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Zhang HT, Wang YL, Zhang J, Zhang QX. Artemisinin inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation through upregulation of p53. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:1403-9. [PMID: 24078446 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent population studies suggest that the use of artemisinin is associated with reduced incidence and improved prognosis of certain cancers. In the current study, we assessed the effect of artemisinin on gastric cancer cells (AGS and MKN74 cells). We found that artemisinin inhibited growth and modulated expression of cell-cycle regulators in these cells. Treatment with artemisinin was also associated with induction of p27 kip1 and p21 kip1, two negative cell-cycle regulators. Furthermore, we revealed that artemisinin treatment led to an increased expression of p53. Taken together, these results provide evidence for a mechanism that may contribute to the antineoplastic effects of artemisinin suggested by recent population studies and justify further work to explore potential roles for it in gastric cancer prevention and treatment.
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Delic S, Lottmann N, Jetschke K, Reifenberger G, Riemenschneider MJ. Identification and functional validation of CDH11, PCSK6 and SH3GL3 as novel glioma invasion-associated candidate genes. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2012; 38:201-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2011.01207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Geurts N, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. Matrix metalloproteinases as therapeutic targets in protozoan parasitic infections. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 133:257-79. [PMID: 22138604 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with processes of tissue remodeling and are expressed in all infections with protozoan parasites. We here report the status of MMP research in malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis. In all these infections, the balances between MMPs and endogenous MMP inhibitors are disturbed, mostly in favor of active proteolysis. When the infection is associated with leukocyte influx into specific organs, immunopathology and collateral tissue damage may occur. These pathologies include cerebral malaria, sleeping sickness (human African trypanosomiasis), Chagas disease (human American trypanosomiasis), leishmaniasis and toxoplasmic encephalitis in immunocompromised hosts. Destruction of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a common denominator that may be executed by leukocytic MMPs under the control of host cytokines and chemokines as well as influenced by parasite products. Mechanisms by which parasite-derived products alter host expression of MMP and endogenous MMP inhibitors, have only been described for hemozoin (Hz) in malaria. Hence, understanding these interactions in other parasitic infections remains an important challenge. Furthermore, the involved parasites are also known to produce their own metalloproteinases, and this forms an extra stimulus to investigate MMP inhibitory drugs as therapeutics. MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) may dampen collateral tissue damage, as is anecdotically reported for tetracyclines as MMP regulators in parasite infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Geurts
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Haemozoin: Wedding Rings for Human Host and Plasmodium falciparum Parasite in Complicated Malaria. J Trop Med 2011; 2011:628435. [PMID: 21760809 PMCID: PMC3134216 DOI: 10.1155/2011/628435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the combination of both Plasmodium falciparum parasite and human host factors is involved in the pathogenesis of complicated severe malaria, including cerebral malaria (CM). Among parasite products, the malarial pigment haemozoin (HZ) has been shown to impair the functions of mononuclear and endothelial cells. Different CM models were associated with enhanced levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of proteolytic enzymes able to disrupt subendothelial basement membrane and tight junctions and shed, activate, or inactivate cytokines, chemokines, and other MMPs through cleavage from their precursors. Among MMPs, a good candidate for targeted therapy might be MMP-9, whose mRNA and protein expression enhancement as well as direct proenzyme activation by HZ have been recently investigated in a series of studies by our group and others. In the present paper the role of HZ and MMP-9 in complicated malaria, as well as their interactions, will be discussed.
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