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Effects of Self-Management Training on Smartphone Dependence in Low to Moderate Adolescent Males’ Users. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/bec.2022.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
While taking advantage of the educational benefits of smartphones, students also apply this device in inappropriate ways that cause certain disciplinary and educational problems. This study examines the effect of self-management training on smartphone dependence among male high school students. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, data were collected using the Cell Phone Addiction Scale (Koo, 2009), which was completed by the trial and control groups before and after the educational intervention. After assessing their normal distribution, the data were analysed using the Chi-square test, the independent and paired t-tests, Mann–Whitney's U-test, and the Wilcoxon test at a significance level of p < .05. Results: The results showed significant post-intervention reductions in the mean score of smartphone dependence (35.10) and its three domains, including withdrawal/tolerance (14.80), life dysfunction (8.70), and compulsion/persistence (11.60), in the trial group compared to the controls (44.80, 16.2, 12.10, and 16.50) and also in the mean score of certain applications of smartphones (p < .05). Discussion and conclusions: Despite the existing limitations, the results confirmed the efficacy of self-management training in reducing smartphone dependence in the students. The implementation of this programme is recommended for reducing dependence and promoting the proper use of this device.
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Bartel K, Scheeren R, Gradisar M. Altering Adolescents' Pre-Bedtime Phone Use to Achieve Better Sleep Health. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:456-462. [PMID: 29313721 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1422099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mobile phone use is often blamed for adolescent sleeping difficulties in the popular and scientific literature, with correlations observed between adolescents' mobile phone use and their bedtime. We aimed to obtain experimental evidence to support these causal claims. A within-subjects experiment (baseline, intervention) was conducted in adolescents' homes, to determine the effect of restricting adolescents' pre-bed mobile phone use on school night sleep habits. Following a baseline week, adolescents were given individualized phone stop times, 1 hour before bed for one school week. An online sleep diary was used to monitor bedtime, lights out time, sleep latency and total sleep. Sixty three adolescents (age range 14-18, M = 16.3, SD = 0.93yrs; 17%male) provided data. During one week of phone restriction, adolescents stopped using their phones earlier (80 min, p < .001), turned their lights off earlier (17 min, p = .01), and slept longer (21 min, p = .01). Participant recruitment was low (26%), indicating many adolescents lack motivation to negotiate changes to their evening phone use. Overall, there are potential benefits of restricted mobile phone use during the pre-sleep period, yet, future research is needed to identify non-technological interventions to increase adherence to phone restriction (e.g., motivational interviewing) or otherwise decrease pre-sleep arousal (e.g., cognitive strategies).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bartel
- a School of Psychology , Flinders University
| | - R Scheeren
- b Department of Psychology , Maastricht University
| | - M Gradisar
- a School of Psychology , Flinders University
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Fırat S, Gül H, Sertçelik M, Gül A, Gürel Y, Kılıç BG. The relationship between problematic smartphone use and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents who applied to psychiatry clinics. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:97-103. [PMID: 30245382 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Problematic mobile phone use is an important problem which has increasing prevalence among adolescents. We should address risk factors to create intervention frameworks related to this problem. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of problematic smartphone use among adolescents who were referred to clinics, its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric symptoms and emotion regulation problems. We included 150 adolescents aged 12-18 years who own smartphones. All participants filled out the Sociodemographic Information Form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Problematic Mobile Phone Use Scale (PMPUS). Problematic smart phone use was detected in 50.6% of the sample. Adolescents with problematic use were found to be older than the others, with lower levels of maternal education and self-achievement. Regression analysis revealed that the factors predicting the risk of problematic smartphone use are somatization, interpersonal sensitivity and hostility symptoms. According to our results, we suggest psychiatrists consider the high prevalence of problematic smartphone use, address the relationship between hostility, somatic symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity (susceptibility) and the effects of this current problem on social-academic functioning while evaluating and treating adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyra Fırat
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Şırnak State Hospital, Şırnak, Turkey
| | - Hesna Gül
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gülhane Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sertçelik
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hitit University Erol Olçok Research and Training Hospital, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gül
- Psychiatry, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Gürel
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Birim Günay Kılıç
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Rémen T, Lacour B. [Use of wireless telecommunications technologies among the 10-25-year-old in France: Data extracted from the French part of the MOBI-KIDS study]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018; 66:263-271. [PMID: 29859648 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In less than two decades, the wireless telecommunications sector has grown dramatically. While a large part of the world's population is now equipped with technologies from this sector (mobile phone, wireless residential telephone, Wi-Fi…), little data is available to quantify the use of these technologies. The purpose of this article is to present a description of these uses among young people, a population particularly receptive to these new telecommunication facilities. METHODS As part of the MOBI-KIDS study, a prospective epidemiological case-control study, 288 participants aged 10 to 25 years and living in France were interviewed between March 2011 and March 2015 about their history of use of wireless telecommunication devices. RESULTS At the interview date, 84% of participants regularly used a mobile phone to make voice calls with an estimated cumulative duration of 45minutes per week. Of these users, 97% used the Short Message Service (SMS) sending function and 70% the data exchange functions. Regarding the use of other technologies, 88% of participants used Wi-Fi, for ten hours a week and 56% the wireless residential telephone. These uses, however, varied according to the sex and/or age of the subjects. CONCLUSION The data draw a portrait of use, particularly quantitative, of the main wireless communication technologies in this young population. There is a gradual increase with age in the use of these technologies, while the age of initiation is at an increasingly early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rémen
- Registre national des tumeurs solides de l'enfant, CHRU Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - B Lacour
- Registre national des tumeurs solides de l'enfant, CHRU Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; UMRS 1153 Equipe 7, INSERM, Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistique, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), 75005 Paris, France
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The role of personality traits in motivating users' continuance intention towards Facebook: Gender differences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hitech.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sudan M, Olsen J, Sigsgaard T, Kheifets L. Trends in cell phone use among children in the Danish national birth cohort at ages 7 and 11 years. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2016; 26:606-612. [PMID: 27005743 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We prospectively examined trends in cell phone use among children in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Cell phone use was assessed at ages 7 and 11 years, and we examined use patterns by age, by year of birth, and in relation to specific individual characteristics. There was an increase in cell phone use from age 7 (37%) to 11 years (94%). There was a clear pattern of greater reported cell phone use among children at age 7 years with later birth year, but this trend disappeared at age 11. Girls and those who used phones at age 7 talked more often and for longer durations at age 11 years. Low socio-economic status and later year of birth were associated with voice calls at age 7 but not at age 11 years. At age 11 most used cell phones for texting and gaming more than for voice calls. Further, children who started using cell phones at age 7 years were more likely to be heavy cell phone voice users at age 11 years, making early use a marker for higher cumulative exposure regardless of year of birth. As cell phone technology continues to advance, new use patterns will continue to emerge, and exposure assessment research among children must reflect these trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Sudan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Public Health, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section for Environment, Occupation, and Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leeka Kheifets
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Walsh EI, Brinker JK. Should participants be given a mobile phone, or use their own? Effects of novelty vs utility. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ozgur E, Sahin D, Tomruk A, Guler G, Sepici Dinçel A, Altan N, Seyhan N. The effects of N-acetylcysteine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on liver tissue protein oxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels after the exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2015; 91:187-93. [PMID: 25249432 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.966210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The widespread and sustained use of mobile and cordless phones causes unprecedented increase of radiofrequency radiation (RFR). The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of 900 MHz Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)-modulated RFR (average whole body Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of 0.4 W/kg, 10 or 20 min daily for consecutive 7 days) to the liver tissue of guinea pigs and the protective effects of antioxidant treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male guinea pigs were randomly divided into nine groups as: Group I (sham/saline), Group II (sham/EGCG), Group III (sham/NAC), Group IV (10-min RF-exposure/saline), Group V (20-min RF-exposure/saline), Group VI (10-min RF-exposure/EGCG), Group VII (20-min RF-exposure/EGCG), Group VIII (10-min RF-exposure/NAC), and Group IX (20-min RF-exposure/NAC). Protein oxidation (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated after the exposure and the treatments with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Significant decreases in the activities of SOD were observed in the liver of guinea pigs after RFR exposure. Protein damage did not change due to RFR exposure. On the other hand, only NAC treatment induced increased PCO levels, whereas EGCG treatment alone elevated the level of AOPP. Due to antioxidants having pro-oxidant behavior, the well decided doses and treatment timetables of NAC and ECGC are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elcin Ozgur
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gazi and Gazi Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Center , Ankara
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Byun YH, Ha M, Kwon HJ, Choi KH, Burm E, Choi Y, Lim MH, Yoo SJ, Paik KC, Choi HD, Kim N. Epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use in korean children and adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:e2013018. [PMID: 24498595 PMCID: PMC3909745 DOI: 10.5620/eht.2013.28.e2013018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As public concern on possible harmful effects of mobile phone in children has been raised, information of epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use in children and adolescents will be essential for public health policy. METHODS Using three databases (n=21,693) collected from 2008 to 2011, we examined characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use, and socioeconomic positions (SEP) in Korean children and adolescents. RESULTS The ownership rate and the amount of mobile phone use were higher in females than males, in higher school grades than lower grades, and at 2011 than 2008. The average age of first mobile phone ownership was shown to decrease from 12.5 years in currently high school students to 8.4 years in currently elementary school students at 2011. More than 90% of children in the 5th grade owned a mobile phone. More children owned a mobile phone in lower SEP communities than in higher SEP. Children with parents educated less than those with parents educated more were more likely to own and use mobile phone. CONCLUSIONS Considering the epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use, precautionary measures to prevent unnecessary exposure to mobile phones are needed in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hwan Byun
- Department of Medical Science, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eunae Burm
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yeyong Choi
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Ho Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Yoo
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ki-Chung Paik
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Do Choi
- Radio Technology Research Department, Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cheongju, Korea
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Redmayne M. New Zealand adolescents' cellphone and cordless phone user-habits: are they at increased risk of brain tumours already? A cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2013; 12:5. [PMID: 23302218 PMCID: PMC3564734 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellphone and cordless phone use is very prevalent among early adolescents, but the extent and types of use is not well documented. This paper explores how, and to what extent, New Zealand adolescents are typically using and exposed to active cellphones and cordless phones, and considers implications of this in relation to brain tumour risk, with reference to current research findings. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 373 Year 7 and 8 school students with a mean age of 12.3 years (range 10.3-13.7 years) from the Wellington region of New Zealand. Participants completed a questionnaire and measured their normal body-to-phone texting distances. Main exposure-metrics included self-reported time spent with an active cellphone close to the body, estimated time and number of calls on both phone types, estimated and actual extent of SMS text-messaging, cellphone functions used and people texted. Statistical analyses used Pearson Chi2 tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Analyses were undertaken using SPSS version 19.0. RESULTS Both cellphones and cordless phones were used by approximately 90% of students. A third of participants had already used a cordless phone for ≥ 7 years. In 4 years from the survey to mid-2013, the cordless phone use of 6% of participants would equal that of the highest Interphone decile (≥ 1640 hours), at the surveyed rate of use. High cellphone use was related to cellphone location at night, being woken regularly, and being tired at school. More than a third of parents thought cellphones carried a moderate-to-high health risk for their child. CONCLUSIONS While cellphones were very popular for entertainment and social interaction via texting, cordless phones were most popular for calls. If their use continued at the reported rate, many would be at increased risk of specific brain tumours by their mid-teens, based on findings of the Interphone and Hardell-group studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Redmayne
- School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Science Faculty, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Predictors and overestimation of recalled mobile phone use among children and adolescents. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 107:356-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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