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Corrêa HDL, Raab ATO, Araújo TM, Deus LA, Reis AL, Honorato FS, Rodrigues-Silva PL, Neves RVP, Brunetta HS, Mori MADS, Franco OL, Rosa TDS. A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrating Klotho as an emerging exerkine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17587. [PMID: 36266389 PMCID: PMC9585050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Klotho is an anti-aging protein with several therapeutic roles in the pathophysiology of different organs, such as the skeletal muscle and kidneys. Available evidence suggests that exercise increases Klotho levels, regardless of the condition or intervention, shedding some light on this anti-aging protein as an emergent and promising exerkine. Development of a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to verify the role of different exercise training protocols on the levels of circulating soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) protein. A systematic search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, CT.gov, and PEDro. Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials that investigated effects of exercise training on S-Klotho levels. We included 12 reports in the analysis, comprising 621 participants with age ranging from 30 to 65 years old. Klotho concentration increased significantly after chronic exercise training (minimum of 12 weeks) (Hedge' g [95%CI] 1.3 [0.69-1.90]; P < 0.0001). Moreover, exercise training increases S-Klotho values regardless of the health condition of the individual or the exercise intervention, with the exception of combined aerobic + resistance training. Furthermore, protocol duration and volume seem to influence S-Klotho concentration, since the effect of the meta-analysis changes when subgrouping these variables. Altogether, circulating S-Klotho protein is altered after chronic exercise training and it might be considered an exerkine. However, this effect may be influenced by different training configurations, including protocol duration, volume, and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo de Luca Corrêa
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
| | - Artur Temizio Oppelt Raab
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Thamires Marra Araújo
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Faculty of Bio-Medicine, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Lysleine Alves Deus
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
| | - Andrea Lucena Reis
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
| | - Fernando Sousa Honorato
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
| | - Henver Simionato Brunetta
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves da Silva Mori
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil ,grid.442132.20000 0001 2111 5825S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS Brazil
| | - Thiago dos Santos Rosa
- grid.411952.a0000 0001 1882 0945Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), EPTC, QS07, LT1 S/N, Bloco G Sala 119, Águas Claras, Taguatinga, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 72030-170 Brazil
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Khan MA, Wang X, Giuliani KT, Nag P, Grivei A, Ungerer J, Hoy W, Healy H, Gobe G, Kassianos AJ. Underlying Histopathology Determines Response to Oxidative Stress in Cultured Human Primary Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020560. [PMID: 31952318 PMCID: PMC7014216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) are key players in the progression of kidney diseases. PTEC studies to date have primarily used mouse models and transformed human PTEC lines. However, the translatability of these models to human kidney disease has been questioned. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic and functional response of human primary PTEC to oxidative stress, an established driver of kidney disease. Furthermore, we examined the functional contribution of the underlying histopathology of the cortical tissue used to generate our PTEC. We demonstrated that human primary PTEC from both histologically ‘normal’ and ‘diseased’ cortical tissue responded to H2O2-induced oxidative stress with significantly elevated mitochondrial superoxide levels, DNA damage, and significantly decreased proliferation. The functional response of ‘normal’ PTEC to oxidative stress mirrored the reported pathogenesis of human kidney disease, with significantly attenuated mitochondrial function and increased cell death. In contrast, ‘diseased’ PTEC were functionally resistant to oxidative stress, with maintenance of mitochondrial function and cell viability. This selective survival of ‘diseased’ PTEC under oxidizing conditions is reminiscent of the in vivo persistence of maladaptive PTEC following kidney injury. We are now exploring the impact that these differential PTEC responses have in the therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Khan
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Xiangju Wang
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kurt T.K. Giuliani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Purba Nag
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anca Grivei
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacobus Ungerer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Wendy Hoy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Helen Healy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glenda Gobe
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Kassianos
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3362-0488
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Chen YF, Lin IH, Guo YR, Chiu WJ, Wu MS, Jia W, Yen Y. Rrm2b deletion causes mitochondrial metabolic defects in renal tubules. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13238. [PMID: 31519977 PMCID: PMC6744457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal diseases impose considerable health and economic burdens on health systems worldwide, and there is a lack of efficient methods for the prevention and treatment due to their complexity and heterogeneity. Kidneys are organs with a high demand for energy produced by mitochondria, in which Rrm2b has critical functions as reported. The Rrm2b kidney-specific knockout mice we generated exhibited age-dependent exacerbated features, including mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress; additionally, resulted in severe disruption of mitochondria-related metabolism. Rrm2b is vital not only to supply dNTPs for DNA replication and repair, but also to maintain structural integrity and metabolic homeostasis in mitochondria. Thence, Rrm2b deletion might induce chronic kidney defects in mice. This model can facilitate exploration of novel mechanisms and targeted therapies in the kidney diseases and has important translational and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Lin
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Guo
- Ph.D. Program of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jun Chiu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mai-Szu Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, 23561, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Jia
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Wright KD, Staruschenko A, Sorokin A. Role of adaptor protein p66Shc in renal pathologies. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F143-F153. [PMID: 28978535 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00414.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc is one of the three adaptor proteins encoded by the Shc1 gene, which are expressed in many organs, including the kidney. Recent studies shed new light on several key questions concerning the signaling mechanisms mediated by p66Shc. The central goal of this review article is to summarize recent findings on p66Shc and the role it plays in kidney physiology and pathology. This article provides a review of the various mechanisms whereby p66Shc has been shown to function within the kidney through a wide range of actions. The mitochondrial and cytoplasmic signaling of p66Shc, as it relates to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and renal pathologies, is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Wright
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Alexander Staruschenko
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Andrey Sorokin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Abdelmegeed MA, Choi Y, Ha SK, Song BJ. Cytochrome P450-2E1 is involved in aging-related kidney damage in mice through increased nitroxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:48-59. [PMID: 28843596 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) in aging-dependent kidney damage since it is poorly understood. Young (7 weeks) and aged female (16-17 months old) wild-type (WT) and Cyp2e1-null mice were used. Kidney histology showed that aged WT mice exhibited typical signs of kidney aging such as cell vacuolation, inflammatory cell infiltration, cellular apoptosis, glomerulonephropathy, and fibrosis, along with significantly elevated levels of renal TNF-α and serum creatinine than all other groups. Furthermore, the highest levels of renal hydrogen peroxide, protein carbonylation and nitration were observed in aged WT mice. These increases in the aged WT mice were accompanied by increased levels of iNOS and mitochondrial nitroxidative stress through altered amounts and activities of the mitochondrial complex proteins and significantly reduced levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). In contrast, the aged Cyp2e1-null mice exhibited significantly higher antioxidant capacity with elevated heme oxygenase-1 and catalase activities compared to all other groups, while maintaining normal GSH levels with significantly less mitochondrial nitroxidative stress compared to the aged WT mice. Thus, CYP2E1 is important in causing aging-related kidney damage most likely through increasing nitroxidative stress and that CYP2E1 could be a potential target in preventing aging-related kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Youngshim Choi
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seung-Kwoon Ha
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Hui H, Zhai Y, Ao L, Cleveland JC, Liu H, Fullerton DA, Meng X. Klotho suppresses the inflammatory responses and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in aging endotoxemic mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15663-15676. [PMID: 28152512 PMCID: PMC5362514 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging augments endotoxemic cardiac dysfunction, but the mechanism remains unclear. Anti-aging protein Klotho has been found to modulate tissue inflammatory responses. We tested the hypothesis that a reduced Klotho level in aging heart plays a role in the augmented endotoxemic cardiac dysfunction. Materials and Methods Endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg, iv) was injected to adults (4-6 months) and aging (18-20 months) C57BL/6 mice. Recombinant Klotho (10 μg/kg, iv) was administered to a group of aging mice after endotoxin injection. Cardiac function was analyzed using a microcatheter at 24 and 48 h after endotoxin administration. Myocardial levels of Klotho and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were determined by immunoblotting, and plasma and myocardial cytokines were analyzed using ELISA. Results More severe cardiac dysfunction in aging mice were accompanied by greater cytokine levels in the plasma and myocardium. Klotho was detected in the myocardial tissue. Klotho levels were lower in aging hearts and were further reduced during endotoxemia. Myocardial HSP70 levels were correlated with Klotho levels. Recombinant Klotho increased myocardial HSP70, inhibited NF-κB activation, reduced cytokine levels, and improved cardiac function in aging endotoxemic mice. Delivery of HSP70 into cultured macrophages suppressed endotoxin-induced NF-κB activation. Conclusions Aging-related augmentation of inflammatory responses and cardiac dysfunction is associated with relative Klotho deficiency. Post-treatment with recombinant Klotho suppresses the inflammatory responses and improves cardiac function in aging endotoxemic mice. Klotho modulates HSP70 levels and HSP70 appears to be involved in the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Klotho. Klotho may have therapeutic potential in amelioration of aging-related endotoxemic cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Hui
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA.,Department of Geriatric Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Zhai
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA
| | - Lihua Ao
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA
| | | | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xianzhong Meng
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA
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Abstract
The α-Klotho mouse is an animal model that prematurely shows phenotypes resembling human aging, such as osteoporosis, arteriosclerosis, pulmonary emphysema, and kidney damage. Interestingly, these abnormalities are triggered by a deficiency of a single protein, α-Klotho. The kidney is an organ that highly expresses α-Klotho, suggesting that α-Klotho is important for kidney function. Recent studies suggest that α-Klotho is associated with phosphate, vitamin D, and calcium homeostasis. The calcium imbalance in α-Klotho mice may induce calpain overactivation, leading to cell death and tissue destruction. α-Klotho is predicted to have glycosidase activity, capable of modifying the N-glycans of channels and transporters and regulating transmembrane movement of several ions, including calcium. Interestingly, N-glycan changes are observed in the kidney of α-Klotho mice and normal aged mice in association with decreased α-Klotho levels. These results imply that glycobiology and α-Klotho function are interesting targets for future studies.
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Abstract
Given the irreversible nature of nephron loss, aging of the kidney is of special interest to diagnostic and toxicologic pathologists. There are many similarities among histologic lesions in aged human and canine kidneys, including increased frequency of glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. Unfortunately, there are few studies in which renal tissue from aged healthy dogs was adequately examined with advanced diagnostics—namely, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence—so age-associated changes in canine podocytes and glomerular basement membranes are poorly characterized. An age-associated decrease in the glomerular filtration rate in humans and dogs (specifically small breed dogs) has been documented. Although lesions in aged rats and mice differ somewhat from those of aged dogs and humans, the knowledge gained from rodent models is still vital to elucidating the pathogenesis of age-associated renal disease. Many novel molecules implicated in renal aging have been identified through genetically modified rodent models and transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of human kidneys. These molecules represent intriguing therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Likewise, influencing critical pathways of cellular aging, such as telomere shortening, cellular senescence, and autophagy, could improve renal function in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Cianciolo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S. L. Benali
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - L. Aresu
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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Guimarães-Souza NK, Yamaleyeva LM, Lu B, Ramos ACMDS, Bishop CE, Andersson KE. Superoxide overproduction and kidney fibrosis: a new animal model. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2015; 13:79-88. [PMID: 25993073 PMCID: PMC4977594 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082015ao3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish whether the mutation in the Immp2L gene induces renal fibrosis and whether aging exacerbates renal morphology in mice. Methods Female mutant mice with mutation in the inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase 2-like protein at 3 and 18 months of age were used. Renal fibrosis was analyzed using classic fibrosis score, Masson’s trichrome staining, and analysis of profibrotic markers using real time polymerase chain reaction (superoxide dismutase 1, metalloproteinase-9, erythropoietin, transforming growth factor beta), and immunostaining (fibroblasts and Type IV collagen). Oxidative stress markers were determined by immunohistochemistry. The number of renal apoptotic cells was determined. Renal function was estimated by serum creatinine. Results Young mutant mice had significantly more glomerulosclerosis than age-matched mice (p=0.034). Mutant mice had more tubular casts (p=0.025), collagen deposition (p=0.019), and collagen type IV expression (p<0.001). Superoxide dismutase 1 expression was significantly higher in young mutants (p=0.038). Old mutants exhibited significantly higher expression of the fibroblast marker and macrophage marker (p=0.007 and p=0.012, respectively). The real time polymerase chain reaction of metalloproteinase-9 and erythropoietin were enhanced 2.5- and 6-fold, respectively, in old mutants. Serum creatinine was significantly higher in old mutants (p<0.001). Conclusion This mutation altered renal architecture by increasing the deposition of extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and inflammation, suggesting a protective role of Immp2L against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baisong Lu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Song F, Ma Y, Bai XY, Chen X. The Expression Changes of Inflammasomes in the Aging Rat Kidneys. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015. [PMID: 26219846 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of kidney aging are not yet clear. Studies have shown that immunological inflammation is related to kidney aging. Inflammasomes are important components of innate immune system in the body. However, the function of inflammasomes and their underlying mechanisms in renal aging remain unclear. In this study, for the first time, we systematically investigated the role of the inflammasomes and the inflammatory responses activated by inflammasomes during kidney aging. We found that during kidney aging, the expression levels of the molecules associated with the activation of inflammasomes, including toll-like receptor-4 and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), were significantly increased; their downstream signaling pathway molecule interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 (IRAK4) was markedly activated (Phospho-IRAK4 was obviously increased); the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway was activated (the activated NF-κB pathway molecules Phospho-IKKβ, Phospho-IκBα, and Phospho-NF-κBp65 were significantly elevated); the levels of the inflammasome components NOD-like receptor P3 (NLRP3), NLRC4, and pro-caspase-1 were prominently upregulated; and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 were notably increased in the kidneys of 24-month-old (elderly group) rats. These results showed that inflammasomes are markedly activated during the renal aging process and might induce inflamm-aging by promoting the maturation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China. Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China.
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11
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Noordmans GA, Huang Y, Savage H, van Dijk MCRF, Schaart G, van den Bergh Weerman MA, Heeringa P, Hillebrands JL, Korstanje R, van Goor H. Genetic analysis of intracapillary glomerular lipoprotein deposits in aging mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111308. [PMID: 25353171 PMCID: PMC4213026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal aging is characterized by functional and structural changes like decreased glomerular filtration rate, and glomerular, tubular and interstitial damage. To gain insight in pathways involved in renal aging, we studied aged mouse strains and used genetic analysis to identify genes associated with aging phenotypes. METHODS Upon morphological screening in kidneys from 20-month-old mice from 26 inbred strains we noted intracapillary PAS-positive deposits. The severity of these deposits was quantified by scoring of a total of 50 glomeruli per section (grade 0-4). Electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining for apoE, apoB, apoA-IV and perilipin-2 was performed to further characterize the lesions. To identify loci associated with these PAS-positive intracapillary glomerular deposits, we performed haplotype association mapping. RESULTS Six out of 26 mouse strains showed glomerular PAS-positive deposits. The severity of these deposits varied: NOD(0.97), NZW(0.41), NON(0.30), B10(0.21), C3 H(0.9) and C57BR(0.7). The intracapillary deposits were strongly positive for apoE and weakly positive for apoB and apoA-IV. Haplotype association mapping showed a strong association with a 30-Kb haplotype block on Chr 1 within the Esrrg gene. We investigated 1 Mb on each site of this region, which includes the genes Spata17, Gpatch2, Esrrg, Ush2a and Kctd3. CONCLUSIONS By analyzing 26 aged mouse strains we found that some strains developed an intracapillary PAS and apoE-positive lesion and identified a small haplotype block on Chr 1 within the Esrrg gene to be associated with these lipoprotein deposits. The region spanning this haplotype block contains the genes Spata17, Gpatch2, Esrrg, Ush2a and Kctd3, which are all highly expressed in the kidney. Esrrg might be involved in the evolvement of these glomerular deposits by influencing lipid metabolism and possibly immune reponses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerda A. Noordmans
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Holly Savage
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Marcory C. R. F. van Dijk
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Korstanje
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Abdel-Rahman EM, Okusa MD. Effects of Aging on Renal Function and Regenerative Capacity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 127:15-20. [DOI: 10.1159/000363708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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The aging kidney revisited: a systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 14:65-80. [PMID: 24548926 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As for the whole human body, the kidney undergoes age-related changes which translate in an inexorable and progressive decline in renal function. Renal aging is a multifactorial process where gender, race and genetic background and several key-mediators such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system, impairment in kidney repair capacities and background cardiovascular disease play a significant role. Features of the aging kidney include macroscopic and microscopic changes and important functional adaptations, none of which is pathognomonic of aging. The assessment of renal function in the framework of aging is problematic and the question whether renal aging should be considered as a physiological or pathological process remains a much debated issue. Although promising dietary and pharmacological approaches have been tested to retard aging processes or renal function decline in the elderly, proper lifestyle modifications, as those applicable to the general population, currently represent the most plausible approach to maintain kidney health.
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14
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da Silva ACA, Salomon TB, Behling CS, Putti J, Hackenhaar FS, Alabarse PVG, Schüller AK, Benfato MS. Oxidative stress in the kidney of reproductive female rats during aging. Biogerontology 2013; 14:411-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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15
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Induction of oxidative stress in kidney. Int J Nephrol 2012; 2012:465897. [PMID: 22577546 PMCID: PMC3345218 DOI: 10.1155/2012/465897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has a critical role in the pathophysiology of several kidney diseases, and many complications of these diseases are mediated by oxidative stress, oxidative stress-related mediators, and inflammation. Several systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia; infection; antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, and radiocontrast agents; and environmental toxins, occupational chemicals, radiation, smoking, as well as alcohol consumption induce oxidative stress in kidney. We searched the literature using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google scholar with “oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, oxygen free radicals, kidney, renal injury, nephropathy, nephrotoxicity, and induction”. The literature search included only articles written in English language. Letters or case reports were excluded. Scientific relevance, for clinical studies target populations, and study design, for basic science studies full coverage of main topics, are eligibility criteria for articles used in this paper.
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16
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Gesing A, Masternak MM, Wang F, Karbownik-Lewinska M, Bartke A. Deletion of growth hormone receptor gene but not visceral fat removal decreases expression of apoptosis-related genes in the kidney-potential mechanism of lifespan extension. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:295-304. [PMID: 21431351 PMCID: PMC3312636 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mice homozygous for the targeted disruption of the growth hormone (GH) receptor (Ghr) gene (GH receptor knockout; GHRKO; KO) are hypoinsulinemic, highly insulin sensitive, normoglycemic, and long-lived. Visceral fat removal (VFR) is a surgical intervention which improves insulin signaling in normal (N) mice and rats and extends longevity in rats. We have previously demonstrated decreased expression level of certain pro-apoptotic genes in skeletal muscles and suggested that this may contribute to the regulation of longevity in GHRKO mice. Alterations in apoptosis-related genes expression in the kidneys also may potentially lead to lifespan extension. In this context, we decided to examine the renal expression of the following genes: caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-8, bax, bad, bcl-2, Smac/DIABLO, Apaf-1, p53, and cytochrome c1 (cyc1) in male GHRKO and N mice subjected to VFR or sham surgery, at approximately 6 months of age. The kidneys were collected 2 months after VFR. As a result, caspase-3, caspase-9, and bax expressions were decreased in KO mice as compared to N animals. Expressions of Smac/DIABLO, caspase-8, bcl-2, bad, and p53 did not differ between KOs and N mice. VFR did not change the expression of the examined genes in KO or N mice. In conclusion, endocrine abnormalities in GHRKO mice result in decreased expression of pro-apoptotic genes and VFR did not alter the examined genes expression in N and KO mice. These data are consistent with a model in which alterations of GH signaling and/or insulin sensitivity lead to increased lifespan mediated by decreased renal expression of pro-apoptotic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gesing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702-4910, USA.
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17
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Chugh G, Lokhandwala MF, Asghar M. Altered functioning of both renal dopamine D1 and angiotensin II type 1 receptors causes hypertension in old rats. Hypertension 2012; 59:1029-36. [PMID: 22411927 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.112.192302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of renal dopamine D1 (D1R) and angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT(1)Rs) influences the activity of proximal tubular sodium transporter Na,K-ATPase and maintains sodium homeostasis and blood pressure. We reported recently that diminished D1R and exaggerated AT(1)R functions are associated with hypertension in old Fischer 344 × Brown Norway F1 (FBN) rats, and oxidative stress plays a central role in this phenomenon. Here we studied the mechanisms of age-associated increase in oxidative stress on diminished D1R and exaggerated AT(1)R functions in the renal proximal tubules of control and antioxidant Tempol-treated adult and old FBN rats. Although D1R numbers and D1R agonist SKF38393-mediated stimulation of [(35)S]-GTPγS binding (index of D1R activation) were lower, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 (kinase that uncouples D1R) levels were higher in old FBN rats. Tempol treatment restored D1R numbers and G protein coupling and reduced G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 levels in old FBN rats. Angiotensin II-mediated stimulation of [(35)S]-GTPγS binding and Na,K-ATPase activity were higher in old FBN rats, which were also restored with Tempol treatment. We also measured renal AT(1)R function in adult and old Fischer 344 (F344) rats, which, despite exhibiting an age-related increase in oxidative stress and diminished renal D1R function, are normotensive. We found that diuretic and natriuretic responses to candesartan (indices of AT(1)R function) were similar in F344 rats, a likely explanation for the absence of age-associated hypertension in these rats. Perhaps, alterations in both D1R (diminished) and AT(1)R (exaggerated) functions are necessary for the development of age-associated hypertension, as seen in old FBN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Chugh
- Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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18
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Alabarse PV, Salomon TB, Medeiros TM, Hackenhaar FS, Schüller AK, Ehrenbrink G, Benfato MS. Oxidative stress in the kidney of reproductive male rats during aging. Exp Gerontol 2011; 46:773-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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19
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Grosjean F, Vlassara H, Striker GE. Aging kidney: modern perspectives for an ‘old’ problem. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2217/ahe.11.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The scientific community and health systems will have to address the increasing incidence of reduced kidney function because of progressive global aging. The aim of this review is to describe the morphological and functional alterations that characterize the aging kidney and to suggest not only pharmaceutical pathways but also lifestyle changes that could be beneficially targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Grosjean
- Division of Experimental Diabetes & Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Helen Vlassara
- Division of Experimental Diabetes & Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Gary E Striker
- Division of Experimental Diabetes & Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Aging in most species is associated with impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms, leading to susceptibility to environmental or internal stresses with increasing rates of disease. A number of different theories of primarily disease-independent renal aging, which can be categorized as evolutionary, molecular, cellular and systemic, have been put forward in the past decades, and recent studies have provided evidence for some of them. RECENT FINDINGS This review is focused on the several mechanisms that are considered to underlie the primary aging process and contribute to age-related changes and adaptive responses in the kidney. These mechanisms include genetic modulations, telomere shortening, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, all markers of cell senescence. Moreover, we also highlight new advances in understanding functions of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor that contribute to the renal aging process. SUMMARY Here we review recent advances in understanding the role of Klotho, sirtuins, cell senescence through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as of the renin-angiotensin system in modulating age-related kidney damage.
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent research suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be a disease of accelerated aging. The senescence hypothesis of COPD pathogenesis is supported by in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical studies. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the senescence hypothesis of COPD and summarize methods that are used to assess cellular aging. RECENT FINDINGS Accelerated aging due to exposure to cigarette smoke is hypothesized to induce rapid progression of COPD. Recent studies have shown that COPD patients have enhanced expression of senescence-associated proteins in the lung and in the peripheral circulation compared to healthy controls. Murine models of accelerated aging demonstrate spontaneous emphysematous changes in the lungs, while lungs of COPD patients demonstrate enhanced markers of senescence in fibroblasts and alveolar cells. More recently, studies of telomeres, which shorten with cellular aging, have shown that COPD patients may experience accelerated telomere attrition compared with healthy controls. However, studies to date have been relatively small and have produced heterogeneous results. SUMMARY The evidence for the role of accelerated aging in COPD progression is growing and senescence is one possible molecular pathway by which COPD occurs.
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22
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Duarte D, Santos-Araújo C, Leite-Moreira AF. Hypertension and angiogenesis in the aging kidney: a review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2010; 52:e93-102. [PMID: 21176977 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
With advanced aging, main components of the kidney are altered, including blood vessels, glomeruli and tubulointerstitium. Disruption in these 3 elements is interconnected and associated with several modifications, such as loss of kidney mass and systemic, metabolic and immunologic diseases. In this review we focus on renal blood vessels, the key role of hypertension and angiogenesis in the elderly kidney, the hemodynamic and molecular mechanisms underlying this aging process and the main factors involved. So far, the present data suggests a strong association between renal disease and hypertension and the impairment of regulatory mechanisms, such as angiogenesis in the aging kidney. The endothelium is a key player in vascular control and appears to be also disrupted in many compensatory functions (i.e., vasodilation). Perspectives for the management of the dysfunctional aging kidney are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfim Duarte
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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23
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Chugh G, Lokhandwala MF, Asghar M. Oxidative stress alters renal D1 and AT1 receptor functions and increases blood pressure in old rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 300:F133-8. [PMID: 20943769 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00465.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and blood pressure (BP). Renal dopamine D1 (D1R) and angiotensin II AT1 (AT1R) receptors maintain sodium homeostasis and BP. We hypothesized that age-associated increase in oxidative stress causes altered D1R and AT1R functions and high BP in aging. To test this, adult (3 mo) and old (21 mo) Fischer 344 × Brown Norway F1 rats were supplemented without/with antioxidant tempol followed by determining oxidative stress markers (urinary antioxidant capacity, proximal tubular NADPH-gp91phox, and plasma 8-isoprostane), D1R and AT1R functions, and BP. The D1R and AT1R functions were determined by measuring diuretic and natriuretic responses to D1R agonist (SKF-38393; 1 μg·kg(-1)·min(-1) iv) and AT1R antagonist (candesartan; 10 μg/kg iv), respectively. We found that the total urinary antioxidant capacity was lower in old rats, which increased with tempol treatment. In addition, tempol decreased the elevated NADPH-gp91phox and 8-isoprostane levels in old rats. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BPs were higher in old rats and were reduced by tempol. Although SKF-38393 produced diuresis in both adult and old rats, urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) increased only in adult rats. While candesartan increased diuresis and UNaV in adult and old rats, the magnitude of response was greater in old rats. Tempol treatment in old rats reduced candesartan-induced increase in diuresis and UNaV. Our results demonstrate that diminished renal D1R and exaggerated AT1R functions are associated with high BP in old rats. Furthermore, oxidative stress may cause altered renal D1R and AT1R functions and high BP in old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Chugh
- Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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24
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Abstract
Pedigree genetics and environment modulate the biological process of aging. The permanent and irreversible growth arrest of cell senescence is a central paradigm of aging. Various pathophysiologic pressures such as oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury can also induce senescence. Senescent cells secrete altered levels of growth factors, show increased susceptibility to apoptosis, and associate with delayed repair and regeneration in the aging kidney. Here we discuss new progress in understanding renal aging, focusing on mechanisms of cell senescence and possible interventions to modulate age-related organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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25
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Maternal protein restriction affects gene expression profiles in the kidney at weaning with implications for the regulation of renal function and lifespan. Clin Sci (Lond) 2010; 119:373-84. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nutritionally induced alterations in early growth can influence health and disease in later adult life. We have demonstrated previously that low birthweight resulting from maternal protein restriction during pregnancy followed by accelerated growth in rodents was associated with shortened lifespan, whereas protein restriction and slow growth during lactation increased lifespan. Thus early life events can also have a long lasting impact on longevity. In the present study, we show that long-lived PLP (postnatal low protein) mice were protected from developing albuminuria, whereas short-lived recuperated mice demonstrated an age-dependent increase in albuminuria in old age. Microarray analysis of kidneys from 21-day-old mice revealed that gene expression profiles were differentially affected depending on whether protein restriction was imposed during pregnancy or lactation. The differentially expressed genes were involved in diverse biological functions such as cytoprotective functions, vitamin D synthesis, protein homoeostasis, regulation of antioxidant enzymes and cellular senescence. Significantly, up-regulation of Hmox1 (haem oxygenase 1) in kidneys from PLP mice suggests that tissues of long-lived mice are equipped with a better cytoprotective function. In contrast, up-regulation of Nuak2 (NUAK family, SNF1-like kinase 2) and down-regulation of Lonp2 (Lon peptidase 2), Foxo3a (forkhead box O3a), Sod1 (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase) and Sesn1 (sestrin 1) in the kidneys of recuperated offspring suggest that protein homoeostasis and resistance to oxidative stress are compromised, leading to accelerated cellular senescence in these shorter-lived mice.
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Chakravarti B, Seshi B, Ratanaprayul W, Dalal N, Lin L, Raval A, Chakravarti DN. Proteome profiling of aging in mouse models: differential expression of proteins involved in metabolism, transport, and stress response in kidney. Proteomics 2009; 9:580-97. [PMID: 19184973 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a time-dependent complex biological phenomenon observed in various organs and organelles of all living organisms. To understand the molecular mechanism of age-associated functional loss in aging kidneys, we have analyzed the expression of proteins in the kidneys of young (19-22 wk) and old (24 months) C57/BL6 male mice using 2-DE followed by LC-MS/MS. We found that expression levels of 49 proteins were upregulated (p < or = 0.05), while that of only ten proteins were downregulated (p < or = 0.05) due to aging. The proteins identified belong to three broad functional categories: (i) metabolism (e.g., aldehyde dehydrogenase family, ATP synthase beta-subunit, malate dehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), hydroxy acid oxidase 2), (ii) transport (e.g., transferrin), and (iii) chaperone/stress response (e.g., Ig-binding protein, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1, selenium-binding proteins (SBPs)). Some proteins with unknown functions were also identified as being differentially expressed. ATP synthase beta subunit, transferrin, fumarate hydratase, SBPs, and albumin are present in multiple forms, possibly arising due to proteolysis or PTMs. The above functional categories suggest specific mechanisms and pathways for age-related kidney degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulbul Chakravarti
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
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Abstract
There is increasing evidence for a close relationship between aging and chronic inflammatory diseases. COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs, which progresses very slowly and the majority of patients are therefore elderly. We here review the evidence that accelerating aging of lung in response to oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of COPD, particularly emphysema. Aging is defined as the progressive decline of homeostasis that occurs after the reproductive phase of life is complete, leading to an increasing risk of disease or death. This results from a failure of organs to repair DNA damage by oxidative stress (nonprogrammed aging) and from telomere shortening as a result of repeated cell division (programmed aging). During aging, pulmonary function progressively deteriorates and pulmonary inflammation increases, accompanied by structural changes, which are described as senile emphysema. Environmental gases, such as cigarette smoke or other pollutants, may accelerate the aging of lung or worsen aging-related events in lung by defective resolution of inflammation, for example, by reducing antiaging molecules, such as histone deacetylases and sirtuins, and this consequently induces accelerated progression of COPD. Recent studies of the signal transduction mechanisms, such as protein acetylation pathways involved in aging, have identified novel antiaging molecules that may provide a new therapeutic approach to COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ito
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
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