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Goyal A, Jain H, Usman M, Zuhair V, Sulaiman SA, Javed B, Mubbashir A, Abozaid AM, Passey S, Yakkali S. A Comprehensive Exploration of Novel Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Aortic Dissection. Hellenic J Cardiol 2024:S1109-9666(24)00130-1. [PMID: 38909846 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a catastrophic life-threatening cardiovascular emergency with a 1-2% per hour mortality rate post-diagnosis, characterized physiologically by the separation of aortic wall layers. AD initially presents as intense pain that can then radiate to the back, arms, neck or jaw along with neurological deficits like difficulty in speaking, and unilateral weakness in some patients. This spectrum of clinical features associated with AD is often confused with acute myocardial infarction, hence leading to a delay in AD diagnosis. Cardiac and vascular biomarkers are structural proteins and microRNAs circulating in the bloodstream that correlate to tissue damage and their levels become detectable even before symptom onset. Timely diagnosis of AD using biomarkers, in combination with advanced imaging diagnostics, will significantly improve prognosis by allowing earlier vascular interventions. This comprehensive review aims to investigate emerging biomarkers in the diagnosis of AD, as well as provide future directives for creating advanced diagnostic tools and imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
| | - Hritvik Jain
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India.
| | | | | | | | - Binish Javed
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | - Siddhant Passey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Shreyas Yakkali
- Department of Internal Medicine, NYC Health+Hospitals / Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Gedney JR, Mattia V, Figueroa M, Barksdale C, Fannin E, Silverman J, Xiong Y, Mukherjee R, Jones JA, Ruddy JM. Biomechanical dysregulation of SGK-1 dependent aortic pathologic markers in hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1359734. [PMID: 38903966 PMCID: PMC11187291 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1359734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In hypertension (HTN), biomechanical stress may drive matrix remodeling through dysfunctional VSMC activity. Prior evidence has indicated VSMC tension-induced signaling through the serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase-1 (SGK-1) can impact cytokine abundance. Here, we hypothesize that SGK-1 impacts production of additional aortic pathologic markers (APMs) representing VSMC dysfunction in HTN. Methods Aortic VSMC expression of APMs was quantified by QPCR in cyclic biaxial stretch (Stretch) +/- AngiotensinII (AngII). APMs were selected to represent VSMC dedifferentiated transcriptional activity, specifically Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Cathepsin S (CtsS), Cystatin C (CysC), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), and Tenascin C (TNC). To further assess the effect of tension alone, abdominal aortic rings from C57Bl/6 WT mice were held in a myograph at experimentally derived optimal tension (OT) or OT + 30% +/-AngII. Dependence on SGK-1 was assessed by treating with EMD638683 (SGK-1 inhibitor) and APMs were measured by QPCR. Then, WT and smooth muscle cell specific SGK-1 heterozygous knockout (SMC-SGK-1KO+/-) mice had AngII-induced HTN. Systolic blood pressure and mechanical stress parameters were assessed on Day 0 and Day 21. Plasma was analyzed by ELISA to quantify APMs. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Results In cultured aortic VSMCs, expression of all APMs was increased in response to biomechanical stimuli (Stretch +/-AngII,). Integrating the matrix contribution to signal transduction in the aortic rings led to IL-6 and CysC demonstrating SGK-1 dependence in response to elevated tension and interactive effect with concurrent AngII stimulation. CtsS and TNC, on the other hand, primarily responded to AngII, and OPG expression was unaffected in aortic ring experimentation. Both mouse strains had >30% increase in blood pressure with AngII infusion, reduced aortic distensibility and increased PPV, indicating increased aortic stiffness. In WT + AngII mice, IL-6, CtsS, CysC, and TNC plasma levels were significantly elevated, but these APMs were unaffected by HTN in the SMC-SGK-1KO+/- +AngII mice, suggesting SGK-1 plays a major role in VSMC biomechanical signaling to promote dysfunctional production of selected APMs. Conclusion In HTN, changes in the plasma levels of markers associated with aortic matrix homeostasis can reflect remodeling driven by mechanobiologic signaling in dysfunctional VSMCs, potentially through the activity of SGK-1. Further defining these pathways may identify therapeutic targets to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ryan Gedney
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Victoria Mattia
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Christian Barksdale
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ethan Fannin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jonah Silverman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ying Xiong
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Jones
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jean Marie Ruddy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Iyoda T, Ohishi A, Wang Y, Yokoyama MS, Kazama M, Okita N, Inouye S, Nakagawa Y, Shimano H, Fukai F. Bioactive TNIIIA2 Sequence in Tenascin-C Is Responsible for Macrophage Foam Cell Transformation; Potential of FNIII14 Peptide Derived from Fibronectin in Suppression of Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1825. [PMID: 38339104 PMCID: PMC10855454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the extracellular matrix proteins, tenascin-C (TN-C), is known to be upregulated in age-related inflammatory diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Expression of this molecule is frequently detected, especially in the macrophage-rich areas of atherosclerotic lesions; however, the role of TN-C in mechanisms underlying the progression of atherosclerosis remains obscure. Previously, we found a hidden bioactive sequence termed TNIIIA2 in the TN-C molecule and reported that the exposure of this sequence would be carried out through limited digestion of TN-C by inflammatory proteases. Thus, we hypothesized that some pro-atherosclerotic phenotypes might be elicited from macrophages when they were stimulated by TNIIIA2. In this study, TNIIIA2 showed the ability to accelerate intracellular lipid accumulation in macrophages. In this experimental condition, an elevation of phagocytic activity was observed, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of transporters responsible for lipid efflux. All these observations were mediated through the induction of excessive β1-integrin activation, which is a characteristic property of the TNIIIA2 sequence. Finally, we demonstrated that the injection of a drug that targets TNIIIA2's bioactivity could rescue mice from atherosclerotic plaque expansion. From these observations, it was shown that TN-C works as a pro-atherosclerotic molecule through an internal TNIIIA2 sequence. The possible advantages of clinical strategies targeting TNIIIA2 are also indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Iyoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asayo Ohishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yunong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miyabi-Shara Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Kazama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sachiye Inouye
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Complex Biosystem Research, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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Matsui K, Torii S, Hara S, Maruyama K, Arai T, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Tissue Repair after Myocardial Infarction in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10184. [PMID: 37373332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is progressive ventricular dilatation associated with heart failure for weeks or months and is currently regarded as the most critical sequela of MI. It is explained by inadequate tissue repair due to dysregulated inflammation during the acute stage; however, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Tenascin-C (TNC), an original member of the matricellular protein family, is highly up-regulated in the acute stage after MI, and a high peak in its serum level predicts an increased risk of adverse ventricular remodeling in the chronic stage. Experimental TNC-deficient or -overexpressing mouse models have suggested the diverse functions of TNC, particularly its pro-inflammatory effects on macrophages. The present study investigated the roles of TNC during human myocardial repair. We initially categorized the healing process into four phases: inflammatory, granulation, fibrogenic, and scar phases. We then immunohistochemically examined human autopsy samples at the different stages after MI and performed detailed mapping of TNC in human myocardial repair with a focus on lymphangiogenesis, the role of which has recently been attracting increasing attention as a mechanism to resolve inflammation. The direct effects of TNC on human lymphatic endothelial cells were also assessed by RNA sequencing. The results obtained support the potential roles of TNC in the regulation of macrophages, sprouting angiogenesis, the recruitment of myofibroblasts, and the early formation of collagen fibrils during the inflammatory phase to the early granulation phase of human MI. Lymphangiogenesis was observed after the expression of TNC was down-regulated. In vitro results revealed that TNC modestly down-regulated genes related to nuclear division, cell division, and cell migration in lymphatic endothelial cells, suggesting its inhibitory effects on lymphatic endothelial cells. The present results indicate that TNC induces prolonged over-inflammation by suppressing lymphangiogenesis, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying adverse post-infarct remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Matsui
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Sota Torii
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hara
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Maruyama
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 3-52 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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5
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Costa D, Andreucci M, Ielapi N, Serraino GF, Mastroroberto P, Bracale UM, Serra R. Vascular Biology of arterial aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 2023:S0890-5096(23)00225-X. [PMID: 37068624 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aims to analyze biomolecular and cellular events responsible for arterial aneurysm formation with particular attention to vascular remodeling that determines the initiation and the progression of arterial aneurysm, till rupture. METHODS This review was conducted searching libraries such as Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Medline. Used keywords with various combinations were: "arterial aneurysms", "biology", "genetics", "proteomics", "molecular", "pathophysiology" and extracellular matrix" RESULTS: There are several genetic alterations responsible of syndromic and non-syndromic disease that predispose to aneurysm formation. ECM imbalance, mainly due to the alteration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) homeostasis, overexpression of metalloproteinases (MPs) and cytokines activation, determines weakness of the arterial wall that dilates thus causing aneurysmal disease. Altered mechanotransduction in the ECM may also trigger and sustain anomalous cellular and biochemical signaling. Different cell population such as VSMCs, macrophages, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) cells, vascular wall resident stem cells (VWRSCs) are all involved at different levels CONCLUSIONS: Improving knowledge in vascular biology may help researchers and physicians in better targeting aneurysmal disease in order to better prevent and better treat such important disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Costa
- Department of Law, Economics and Sociology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro. 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Ielapi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro. 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mastroroberto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro. 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Serra
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences. University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro. 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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6
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Li Z, Cong X, Kong W. Matricellular proteins: Potential biomarkers and mechanistic factors in aortic aneurysms. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:41-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ledford BT, Akerman AW, Sun K, Gillis DC, Weiss JM, Vang J, Willcox S, Clemons TD, Sai H, Qiu R, Karver MR, Griffith JD, Tsihlis ND, Stupp SI, Ikonomidis JS, Kibbe MR. Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanofibers Designed to Target Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7309-7322. [PMID: 35504018 PMCID: PMC9733406 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized dilation of the aorta located in the abdomen that poses a severe risk of death when ruptured. The cause of AAA is not fully understood, but degradation of medial elastin due to elastolytic matrix metalloproteinases is a key step leading to aortic dilation. Current therapeutic interventions are limited to surgical repair to prevent catastrophic rupture. Here, we report the development of injectable supramolecular nanofibers using peptide amphiphile molecules designed to localize to AAA by targeting fragmented elastin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase. We designed four targeting peptide sequences from X-ray crystallographic data and incorporated them into PA molecules via solid phase peptide synthesis. After coassembling targeted and diluent PAs at different molar ratios, we assessed their ability to form nanofibers using transmission electron microscopy and to localize to AAA in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. We found that three formulations of the PA nanofibers were able to localize to AAA tissue, but the MMP-2 targeting PA substantially outperformed the other nanofibers. Additionally, we demonstrated that the MMP-2 targeting PA nanofibers had an optimal dose of 5 mg (∼12 mg/kg). Our results show that there was not a significant difference in targeting between male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Given the ability of the MMP-2 targeting PA nanofiber to localize to AAA tissue, future studies will investigate potential diagnostic and targeted drug delivery applications for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T. Ledford
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Adam W. Akerman
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kui Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - David C. Gillis
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jenna M. Weiss
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Johnny Vang
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Smaranda Willcox
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tristan D. Clemons
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hiroaki Sai
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ruomeng Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mark R. Karver
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jack D. Griffith
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nick D. Tsihlis
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - John S. Ikonomidis
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Melina R. Kibbe
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Nagel F, Schaefer AK, Gonçalves IF, Acar E, Oszwald A, Kaiser P, Kain R, Trescher K, Eilenberg WH, Brostjan C, Santer D, Kiss A, Podesser BK. OUP accepted manuscript. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 34:841-848. [PMID: 35137102 PMCID: PMC9070497 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Anne-Kristin Schaefer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andre Oszwald
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Kaiser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karola Trescher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Wolf H Eilenberg
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Santer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
- Corresponding author. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Leitstelle 1Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Tel: +43-140400-52210; fax: +43-140400-52290; e-mail: (B.K. Podesser)
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9
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Matsumoto KI, Aoki H. The Roles of Tenascins in Cardiovascular, Inflammatory, and Heritable Connective Tissue Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:609752. [PMID: 33335533 PMCID: PMC7736112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins with time- and tissue specific expression patterns during development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases. There are four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, -W) in vertebrates. Among them, tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) play important roles in human pathologies. TNX is expressed widely in loose connective tissues. TNX contributes to the stability and maintenance of the collagen network, and its absence causes classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder. In contrast, TNC is specifically and transiently expressed upon pathological conditions such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. There is growing evidence that TNC is involved in inflammatory processes with proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the roles of these two tenascins, TNX and TNC, in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases and in clEDS, and we discuss the functional consequences of the expression of these tenascins for tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
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10
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Yonebayashi S, Tajiri K, Li S, Sato A. Tenascin-C: an emerging prognostic biomarker in diabetes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1699. [PMID: 33490211 PMCID: PMC7812241 DOI: 10.21037/atm-2020-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saori Yonebayashi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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11
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Serum tenascin-C levels in atrium predict atrial structural remodeling processes in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2019; 59:401-406. [PMID: 31820271 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibro-inflammatory processes in the extracellular matrix are closely associated with progressive structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF). Serum concentrations of tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, and of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) might serve as a marker of remodeling and progressive inflammation of the aorta and in myocardial diseases. This study aimed to clarify relationships between TNC and CRP in patients with AF. METHODS This study included 38 patients with AF and five controls without left ventricular dysfunction who underwent catheter ablation. Blood was collected immediately before ablation from the left atrium (LA), right atrium (RA), and femoral artery (FA), and left and right atrial pressure was measured. Levels of TNC in the LA (TNC-LA), RA (TNC-RA), and FA (TNC-FA) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Atrial size was also determined by echocardiography. RESULTS Levels of TNC corrected by atrial size were maximal in the LA, followed by the RA (3.69 ± 0.32 and 2.87 ± 0.38 ng/mL/cm, respectively). Mean transverse diameter corrected by body surface area was larger and mean atrial pressure was greater in the LA than the RA. A relationship was found between CRP from the femoral vein and TNC-LA and TNC-RA, but not TNC-FA. None of TNC-LA, TNC-RA, or TNC-FA correlated with ANP or BNP in the femoral vein. CONCLUSIONS Intracardiac (atrial) TNC expression plays an important role in the development of remodeling processes in the atrium with AF. Tenascin-C from the LA and RA (but not TNC, ANP, and BNP from FA) might serve as novel markers of these processes.
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12
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Guo T, Zhou X, Zhu A, Peng W, Zhong Y, Chai X. The Role of Serum Tenascin-C in Predicting In-Hospital Death in Acute Aortic Dissection. Int Heart J 2019; 60:919-923. [PMID: 31257330 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is involved in aortic disease pathophysiology. This study aims to evaluate TNC's value for predicting in-hospital death in acute aortic dissection (AD).We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with suspected acute AD within 48 hours from symptom onset. Serum TNC and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were examined on admission. Their baseline clinical characteristics and serum D-Dimer (DD) were collected. The endpoint was in-hospital death from AD.In the study cohort,78 survivors and 31 non-survivors with acute AD were enrolled. Compared to survivors, elevated median levels of serum TNC (141.10 pg/mL versus 75.30 pg/mL, P < 0.001), DD (8.74 μg/mL versus 4.58 μg/mL, P < 0.001), and CRP (19.20 mg/L versus 13.40 mg/L, P < 0.001) were found in non-survivors. Multiple logistic regressions revealed TNC, DD, and CRP were independent predictors of in-hospital death from acute AD. The OR and 95% CI were 1.038, 1.017-1.055; 1.084, 1.009-1.165 and 1.386, 1.107-1.643, respectively. Furthermore, TNC's sensitivity and specificity in predicting in-hospital death in acute AD were 83.87% and 83.33%. The combination of TNC and DD can improve the sensitivity and specificity to 90.30% and 88.46%.TNC is a valuable biomarker for predicting in-hospital death from acute AD. The combination of TNC and DD can improve predictions of in-hospital death from acute AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, Central South University
| | | | - Aiqun Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, Central South University
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, Central South University
| | - Yuanjun Zhong
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, Central South University
| | - Xiangping Chai
- Department of Emergency, Second Xiangya Hospital, Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, Central South University
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13
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Ramaswamy AK, Vorp DA, Weinbaum JS. Functional Vascular Tissue Engineering Inspired by Matricellular Proteins. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:74. [PMID: 31214600 PMCID: PMC6554335 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering specifically, has benefited from a greater appreciation of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibronectin, collagen, and elastin have entered the tissue engineer's toolkit; however, as fully decellularized biomaterials have come to the forefront in vascular engineering it has become apparent that the ECM is comprised of more than just fibronectin, collagen, and elastin, and that cell-instructive molecules known as matricellular proteins are critical for desired outcomes. In brief, matricellular proteins are ECM constituents that contrast with the canonical structural proteins of the ECM in that their primary role is to interact with the cell. Of late, matricellular genes have been linked to diseases including connective tissue disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Despite the range of biological activities, this class of biomolecules has not been actively used in the field of regenerative medicine. The intent of this review is to bring matricellular proteins into wider use in the context of vascular tissue engineering. Matricellular proteins orchestrate the formation of new collagen and elastin fibers that have proper mechanical properties-these will be essential components for a fully biological small diameter tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG). Matricellular proteins also regulate the initiation of thrombosis via fibrin deposition and platelet activation, and the clearance of thrombus when it is no longer needed-proper regulation of thrombosis will be critical for maintaining patency of a TEVG after implantation. Matricellular proteins regulate the adhesion, migration, and proliferation of endothelial cells-all are biological functions that will be critical for formation of a thrombus-resistant endothelium within a TEVG. Lastly, matricellular proteins regulate the adhesion, migration, proliferation, and activation of smooth muscle cells-proper control of these biological activities will be critical for a TEVG that recellularizes and resists neointimal formation/stenosis. We review all of these functions for matricellular proteins here, in addition to reviewing the few studies that have been performed at the intersection of matricellular protein biology and vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh K Ramaswamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - David A Vorp
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Justin S Weinbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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14
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Yamamoto M, Nakashima J, Iguchi M, Tashiro M, Noguchi T, Hiroi M, Inoue K, Hanazaki K, Orihashi K. Multiple coronary and cerebral aneurysms in a patient with chronic thromboangiitis. J Cardiol Cases 2018; 18:160-163. [PMID: 30416615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 73-year-old man had multiple coronary aneurysms that resulted in acute myocardial infarction on the day before surgery for cerebral aneurysms. Emergent coronary angiography revealed that the lesion that caused the myocardial infarction was a distal left circumflex artery, and two huge coronary aneurysms were also found in the left circumflex artery. A two-stage treatment strategy was planned, including coronary aneurysm surgery, followed by cerebral aneurysm surgery. He underwent coronary artery aneurysmorrhaphy with closure of the ostia of the afferent and efferent arteries, and coronary artery bypass grafting with a saphenous vein graft applied to the left circumflex artery. The pathological findings suggested chronic thromboangiitis, as the inflammatory cells were observed to have infiltrated the coronary artery wall. The tissue remodeling of the aneurysmal wall indicated a positive response to tenascin C. We report a case of multiple coronary aneurysms, focusing on the pathological findings. <Learning objective: Only few reports have described coronary aneurysms related to inflammatory, atherosclerotic, and connective tissue diseases. This report describes the simultaneous occurrence of coronary and cerebral artery aneurysms, focusing on the histopathological findings. The patient's histopathological examination revealed a positive response to tenascin C, which suggested tissue remodeling of the aneurysmal wall and chronic thromboangiitis.>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Yamamoto
- Department of Operations Management, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Department of Surgery 2, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Junko Nakashima
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Iguchi
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Miwa Tashiro
- Department of Surgery 2, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Noguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Makoto Hiroi
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Keiji Inoue
- Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hanazaki
- Department of Operations Management, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Department of Surgery 1, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Orihashi
- Department of Surgery 2, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
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15
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Expression of tenascin C in cardiovascular lesions of Kawasaki disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2018; 38:25-30. [PMID: 30419479 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE To examine tenascin C (TN-C) expression in coronary artery lesions (CALs) and myocardial lesions (MLs) in Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-five KD autopsy cases (post-KD-onset range of 6 days to 17 years) were examined in this study. Time-course analysis based on the disease day was performed of the histological findings for the CALs and MLs, as well as the localization and intensity of expression of TN-C. TN-C expression was observed to coincide with the areas where inflammatory cell infiltration was present in both coronary arteries and myocardium during the acute stage of KD, and the intensity of its expression correlated with the degree of inflammation. Obvious TN-C expression persisted in the thickened intima and media of CALs even after Disease Day 27. However, in spite of the presence of inflammatory cell infiltration, TN-C expression became weaker in the adventitia and surrounding connective tissue. After 8 months or more, TN-C was not expressed in the vasculitis scars of most cases, but expression was observed around newly formed vessels in the thickened intima and around recanalized vessels after thrombotic occlusion. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest a correlation between the degree of inflammation and TN-C expression in the cardiovascular lesions of acute-stage Kawasaki disease.
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Matsumoto KI. Multiple Roles of Tenascins in Homeostasis and Pathophysiology of Aorta. Ann Vasc Dis 2018; 11:169-180. [PMID: 30116408 PMCID: PMC6094038 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins. Four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, and -W) have been identified to date. Each member consists of the same types of structural domains and exhibits time- and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their specific roles in embryonic development and tissue remodeling. Among them, the significant involvement of tenascin-C (TNC) and tenascin-X (TNX) in the progression of vascular diseases has been examined in detail. TNC is strongly up-regulated under pathological conditions, induced by a number of inflammatory mediators and mechanical stress. TNC has diverse functions, particularly in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Recent studies suggest that TNC is involved in the pathophysiology of aneurysmal and dissecting lesions, in part by protecting the vascular wall from destructive mechanical stress. TNX is strongly expressed in vascular walls, and its distribution is often reciprocal to that of TNC. TNX is involved in the stability and maintenance of the collagen network and elastin fibers. A deficiency in TNX results in a form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). Although their exact roles in vascular diseases have not yet been elucidated, TNC and TNX are now being recognized as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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17
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Miyagawa-Tomita S. Tenascin-C in development and disease of blood vessels. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 297:1747-57. [PMID: 25125186 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular glycoprotein categorized as a matricellular protein. It is highly expressed during embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer invasion, and has a wide range of effects on cell response in tissue morphogenesis and remodeling including the cardiovascular system. In the heart, TNC is sparsely detected in normal adults but transiently expressed at restricted sites during embryonic development and in response to injury, playing an important role in myocardial remodeling. Although TNC in the vascular system appears more complex than in the heart, the expression of TNC in normal adult blood vessels is generally low. During embryonic development, vascular smooth muscle cells highly express TNC on maturation of the vascular wall, which is controlled in a way that depends on the embryonic site of cell origin. Strong expression of TNC is also linked with several pathological conditions such as cerebral vasospasm, intimal hyperplasia, pulmonary artery hypertension, and aortic aneurysm/ dissection. TNC synthesized by smooth muscle cells in response to developmental and environmental cues regulates cell responses such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival in an autocrine/paracrine fashion and in a context-dependent manner. Thus, TNC can be a key molecule in controlling cellular activity in adaptation during normal vascular development as well as tissue remodeling in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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18
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Ueda K, Yoshimura K, Yamashita O, Harada T, Morikage N, Hamano K. Possible dual role of decorin in abdominal aortic aneurysm. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120689. [PMID: 25781946 PMCID: PMC4362951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by chronic inflammation, which leads to pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Decorin, a small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan, has been suggested to regulate inflammation and stabilize the extracellular matrix. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of decorin in the pathogenesis of AAA. Decorin was localized in the aortic adventitia under normal conditions in both mice and humans. AAA was induced in mice using CaCl2 treatment. Initially, decorin protein levels decreased, but as AAA progressed decorin levels increased in all layers. Local administration of exogenous decorin prevented the development of CaCl2-induced AAA. However, decorin was highly expressed in the degenerative lesions of human AAA walls, and this expression positively correlated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression. In cell culture experiments, the addition of decorin inhibited secretion of MMP-9 in vascular smooth muscle cells, but had the opposite effect in macrophages. The results suggest that decorin plays a dual role in AAA. Adventitial decorin in normal aorta may protect against the development of AAA, but macrophages expressing decorin in AAA walls may facilitate the progression of AAA by up-regulating MMP-9 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshiro Ueda
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, 753–8502, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Osamu Yamashita
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
| | - Takasuke Harada
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Morikage
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Hamano
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755–8505, Japan
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19
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Yoshikane Y, Koga M, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Cho T, Yamamoto Y, Yoshida T, Hashimoto J, Hirose S, Yoshimura K. JNK is critical for the development of Candida albicans-induced vascular lesions in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2014; 24:33-40. [PMID: 25242023 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology in children, and can cause the life-threatening complication of coronary artery aneurysm. Although a novel treatment strategy for patients with KD-caused vascular lesions is eagerly awaited, their molecular pathogenesis remains largely unknown. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a signaling molecule known to have roles in inflammation and tissue remodeling. The aim of this study was to elucidate significant involvement of JNK in the development of vascular lesions in a mouse model of KD. METHODS AND RESULTS We injected Candida albicans cell wall extract (CAWE) into 4-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Macroscopically, we found that CAWE caused the development of bulging lesions at coronary artery, carotid artery, celiac artery, iliac artery and abdominal aorta. Histological examination of coronary artery and abdominal aorta in CAWE-treated mice showed marked inflammatory cell infiltration, destruction of elastic lamellae, loss of medial smooth muscle cells and intimal thickening, which are similar to histological features of vascular lesions of patients with KD. To find the role of JNK in lesion formation, we evaluated the effects of JNK inhibitor, SP600125, on abdominal aortic lesions induced by CAWE. Interestingly, treatment with SP600125 significantly decreased the incidence of lesions and also protected against vascular inflammation and tissue destruction histologically, compared with the placebo treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that JNK is crucial for the development of CAWE-induced vascular lesions in mice, and potentially represents a novel therapeutic target for KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yoshikane
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tamaki Cho
- Section of Infection Biology, Department of Functional Bioscience, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Junichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hirose
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755-8505, Japan; Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, 753-8502, Japan
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20
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Stather PW, Sidloff DA, Dattani N, Gokani VJ, Choke E, Sayers RD, Bown MJ. Meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Br J Surg 2014; 101:1358-72. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Many studies have investigated the systemic and local expression of biomarkers in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The natural history of AAA varies between patients, and predictors of the presence and diameter of AAA have not been determined consistently. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of studies comparing biomarkers in patients with and without AAA, with the aim of summarizing the association of identified markers with both AAA presence and size.
Methods and results
Literature review identified 106 studies suitable for inclusion. Meta-analysis demonstrated a significant difference between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1, interleukin (IL) 6, C-reactive protein (CRP), α1-antitrypsin, triglycerides, lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein A and high-density lipoprotein in patients with and without AAA. Although meta-analysis was not possible for MMP-2 in aortic tissue, tumour necrosis factor α, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, interferon γ, intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, systematic review suggested an increase in these biomarkers in patients with AAA. Meta-regression analysis identified a significant positive linear correlation between aortic diameter and CRP level.
Conclusion
A wide variety of biomarkers are dysregulated in patients with AAA, but their clinical value is yet to be established. Future research should focus on the most relevant biomarkers of AAA, and how they could be used clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Stather
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - D A Sidloff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - N Dattani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - V J Gokani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - E Choke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - R D Sayers
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - M J Bown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Novel biomarkers of abdominal aortic aneurysm disease: identifying gaps and dispelling misperceptions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:925840. [PMID: 24967416 PMCID: PMC4055358 DOI: 10.1155/2014/925840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening disease. Early detection by screening programs and subsequent surveillance has been shown to be effective at reducing the risk of mortality due to aneurysm rupture. The aim of this review is to summarize the developments in the literature concerning the latest biomarkers (from 2008 to date) and their potential screening and therapeutic values. Our search included human studies in English and found numerous novel biomarkers under research, which were categorized in 6 groups. Most of these studies are either experimental or hampered by their low numbers of patients. We concluded that currently no specific laboratory markers allow screeing for the disease and monitoring its progression or the results of treatment. Further studies and studies in larger patient groups are required in order to validate biomarkers as cost-effective tools in the AAA disease.
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22
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Tenascin C protects aorta from acute dissection in mice. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4051. [PMID: 24514259 PMCID: PMC3920275 DOI: 10.1038/srep04051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is caused by the disruption of intimomedial layer of the aortic walls, which is immediately life-threatening. Although recent studies indicate the importance of proinflammatory response in pathogenesis of AAD, the mechanism to keep the destructive inflammatory response in check is unknown. Here, we report that induction of tenascin-C (TNC) is a stress-evoked protective mechanism against the acute hemodynamic and humoral stress in aorta. Periaortic application of CaCl₂ caused stiffening of abdominal aorta, which augmented the hemodynamic stress and TNC induction in suprarenal aorta by angiotensin II infusion. Deletion of Tnc gene rendered mice susceptible to AAD development upon the aortic stress, which was accompanied by impaired TGFβ signaling, insufficient induction of extracellular matrix proteins and exaggerated proinflammatory response. Thus, TNC works as a stress-evoked molecular damper to maintain the aortic integrity under the acute stress.
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MATSUMOTO KENICHI, SATOH KAZUMI, MANIWA TOMOKO, TANAKA TETSUYA, OKUNISHI HIDEKI, ODA TEIJI. Proteomic comparison between abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1035-47. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yamashita O, Yoshimura K, Nagasawa A, Ueda K, Morikage N, Ikeda Y, Hamano K. Periostin links mechanical strain to inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysm. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79753. [PMID: 24260297 PMCID: PMC3833967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are characterized by chronic inflammation, which contributes to the pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Although mechanical stress has been suggested to promote inflammation in AAA, the molecular mechanism remains uncertain. Periostin is a matricellular protein known to respond to mechanical strain. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of periostin in mechanotransduction in the pathogenesis of AAA. METHODS AND RESULTS We found significant increases in periostin protein levels in the walls of human AAA specimens. Tissue localization of periostin was associated with inflammatory cell infiltration and destruction of elastic fibers. We examined whether mechanical strain could stimulate periostin expression in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Cells subjected to 20% uniaxial cyclic strains showed significant increases in periostin protein expression, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, and secretions of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and the active form of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2. These changes were largely abolished by a periostin-neutralizing antibody and by the FAK inhibitor, PF573228. Interestingly, inhibition of either periostin or FAK caused suppression of the other, indicating a positive feedback loop. In human AAA tissues in ex vivo culture, MCP-1 secretion was dramatically suppressed by PF573228. Moreover, in vivo, periaortic application of recombinant periostin in mice led to FAK activation and MCP-1 upregulation in the aortic walls, which resulted in marked cellular infiltration. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that periostin plays an important role in mechanotransduction that maintains inflammation via FAK activation in AAA.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Female
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/genetics
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Rats
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yamashita
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagasawa
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Koshiro Ueda
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Morikage
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Hamano
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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25
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Nozato T, Sato A, Hirose S, Hikita H, Takahashi A, Endo H, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Aonuma K, Hiroe M. Preliminary study of serum tenascin-C levels as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of type B acute aortic dissection. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:4267-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Trescher K, Thometich B, Demyanets S, Kassal H, Sedivy R, Bittner R, Holzinger C, Podesser BK. Type A dissection and chronic dilatation: tenascin-C as a key factor in destabilization of the aortic wall. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013; 17:365-70. [PMID: 23656926 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tenascin-C plays an important role in myocardial and vascular remodelling. We hypothesized that tenascin-C is a key factor in the development of degenerative disease of the ascending aorta, leading to chronic dilatation and acute aortic dissection. METHODS Ascending aortic wall specimens were obtained during surgery for chronic dilatation (n=52) and acute Type A dissection (n=30). Patients (n=12) undergoing aortic valve replacement served as controls. Tenascin-C expression was evaluated by immunostaining and semi-quantitatively assessed using the ImageJ software. TN-C levels in peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Histological examination showed a clear difference between chronic dilatation and acute dissection. In chronic dilatation, tenascin-C staining was homogenously distributed throughout the media parallel to vascular smooth muscle cells. In acute dissection, a strong staining with a heterogenous and spotty distribution was detected. Control aortas showed no tenascin-C staining. Tenascin-C expression was significantly higher in Type-A dissection compared with chronic dilatation. This was accompanied by a significant elevation of tenascin-C levels in peripheral blood in acute dissection. There was no statistical correlation between the tenascin-C level in peripheral blood and the aortic diameter either in dissection or in dilatation. CONCLUSIONS Tenascin-C is a marker of progressive destabilization of the aortic wall independent of size in chronic dilatation and acute dissection. Therefore, it might be a valuable tool in guiding intervention strategies in patients with disease of the ascending aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karola Trescher
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, LK St. Pölten, St. Poelten, Austria.
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27
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2012; 27:682-95. [PMID: 23075824 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e32835a0ad8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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The calcium chloride-induced rodent model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerosis 2012; 226:29-39. [PMID: 23044097 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) affects ∼5% men aged over 65 years and is an important cause of death in this population. Research into AAA pathogenesis has been fuelled by the need to identify new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this disease. One animal model of AAA involves peri-vascular application of calcium chloride (CaCl(2)) onto the infra-renal aorta of mice and rats to induce extracellular matrix remodelling. Twenty-three studies assessing CaCl(2)-induced AAA and six studies assessing AAA induced by a modified CaCl(2) method were identified. In the current report the preparation and pathological features of this AAA model are discussed. We also compared this animal model to human AAA. CaCl(2)-induced AAA shows the following pathological characteristics typically found in human AAA: calcification, inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, neovascularisation, elastin degradation and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis. A number of mechanisms involved in CaCl(2)-induced AAA have been identified which may be relevant to the pathogenesis of human AAA. Key molecules include c-Jun N-terminal kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2, group x secretory phospholipase A2 and plasminogen. CaCl(2)-induced AAA does not display aortic thrombus, atherosclerosis and rupture which are classical features of human AAA. Advantages of the CaCl(2)-induced AAA technique include (1) it can be applied to wild type mice making assessment of transgenic rodent models more straight forward and rapid; and (2) CaCl(2)-induced AAAs are usually developed in the infra-renal abdominal aorta, which is the most common location of human AAA. Currently findings obtained from the CaCl(2)-induced AAA model or other animal models of AAA have not been translated into the human situation. It is hoped that this deficiency will be corrected over the next decade with a number of clinical trials currently examining novel treatment options for AAA patients.
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29
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Morgan S, Yamanouchi D, Harberg C, Wang Q, Keller M, Si Y, Burlingham W, Seedial S, Lengfeld J, Liu B. Elevated protein kinase C-δ contributes to aneurysm pathogenesis through stimulation of apoptosis and inflammatory signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2493-502. [PMID: 22879584 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.255661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptosis of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is a prominent pathological characteristic of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We have previously shown that SMC apoptosis stimulates proinflammatory signaling in a mouse model of AAA. Here, we test whether protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ), an apoptotic mediator, participates in the pathogenesis of AAA by regulating apoptosis and proinflammatory signals. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse experimental AAA is induced by perivascular administration of CaCl(2). Mice deficient in PKCδ exhibit a profound reduction in aneurysmal expansion, SMC apoptosis, and transmural inflammation as compared with wild-type littermates. Delivery of PKCδ to the aortic wall of PKCδ(-/-) mice restores aneurysm, whereas overexpression of a dominant negative PKCδ mutant in the aorta of wild-type mice attenuates aneurysm. In vitro, PKCδ(-/-) aortic SMCs exhibit significantly impaired monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production. Ectopic administration of recombinant monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 to the arterial wall of PKCδ(-/-) mice restores inflammatory response and aneurysm development. CONCLUSIONS PKCδ is an important signaling mediator for SMC apoptosis and inflammation in a mouse model of AAA. By stimulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic SMCs, upregulated PKCδ exacerbates the inflammatory process, in turn perpetuating elastin degradation and aneurysmal dilatation. Inhibition of PKCδ may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for AAA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Calcium Chloride/adverse effects
- Cell Movement/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Elastin/metabolism
- In Vitro Techniques
- Inflammation/physiopathology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Animal
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Protein Kinase C-delta/deficiency
- Protein Kinase C-delta/genetics
- Protein Kinase C-delta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Morgan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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