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Rossi JP, Rasplus JY. Climate change and the potential distribution of the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis), an insect vector of Xylella fastidiosa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160375. [PMID: 36423847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions represent a major threat for biodiversity and agriculture. Despite efforts to restrict the spread of alien species, preventing their introduction remains the best strategy for an efficient control. In that context preparedness of phytosanitary authorities is very important and estimating the geographical range of alien species becomes a key information. The present study investigates the potential geographical range of the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis), a very efficient insect vector of Xylella fastidiosa, one of the most dangerous plant-pathogenic bacteria worldwide. We use species distribution modeling (SDM) to analyse the climate factors driving the insect distribution and we evaluate its potential distribution in its native range (USA) and in Europe according to current climate and different scenarios of climate change: 6 General Circulation Models (GCM), 4 shared socioeconomic pathways of gas emission and 4 time periods (2030, 2050, 2070, 2090). The first result is that the climate conditions of the European continent are suitable to the glassy-winged sharpshooter, in particular around the Mediterranean basin where X. fastidiosa is present. Projections according to future climate conditions indicate displacement of climatically suitable areas towards the north in both North America and Europe. Globally, suitable areas will decrease in North America and increase in Europe in the coming decades. SDM outputs vary according to the GCM considered and this variability indicated areas of uncertainty in the species potential range. Both potential distribution and its uncertainty associated to future climate projections are important information for improved preparedness of phytosanitary authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Rossi
- CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Yves Rasplus
- CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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Cavalieri V, Altamura G, Fumarola G, di Carolo M, Saponari M, Cornara D, Bosco D, Dongiovanni C. Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies Pauca Sequence Type 53 by Different Insect Species. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10100324. [PMID: 31569480 PMCID: PMC6835679 DOI: 10.3390/insects10100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diseases associated with Xylella fastidiosa have been described mostly in North and South America. However, during the last five years, widespread X. fastidiosa infections have been reported in a constrained area of the Apulia region (southern Italy), in olives trees suffering a severe disease, denoted as Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS). Because many xylem sap-feeding insects can function as vectors for the transmission of this exotic pathogen in EU, several research programs are ongoing to assess the role of candidate vectors in the spread of the infections. Initial investigations identified Philaenus spumarius (L.) as the predominant vector species in the olive orchards affected by the OQDS. Additional experiments have been carried out during 2016 and 2017 to assess the role of other species. More specifically, adults of the spittlebugs Philaenus italosignus Drosopolous and Remane, Neophilaenus campestris (Fallen) and of the planthopper Latilica tunetana (Matsumura) (Issidae) have been tested in transmission experiments to assess their ability to acquire the bacterium from infected olives and to infect different susceptible hosts (olives, almond, myrtle –leaf milkwort, periwinkle). Acquisition rates determined by testing individual insects in quantitative PCR assays, ranging from 5.6% in N. campestris to 22.2% in P. italosignus, whereas no acquisition was recorded for L. tunetana. Successful transmissions were detected in the recipient plants exposed to P. italosignus and N. campestris, whereas no trasmissions occurred with L. tunetana. The known vector Philaenus spumarius has been included in all the experiments for validation. The systematic surveys conducted in 2016 and 2017 provided further evidence on the population dynamics and seasonal abundance of the spittlebug populations in the olive groves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Altamura
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulio Fumarola
- Centro di Ricerca, Formazione e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura "Basile Caramia" (CRSFA), 70010 Locorotondo (Bari), Italy
| | - Michele di Carolo
- Centro di Ricerca, Formazione e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura "Basile Caramia" (CRSFA), 70010 Locorotondo (Bari), Italy
| | - Maria Saponari
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Cornara
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Crescenza Dongiovanni
- Centro di Ricerca, Formazione e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura "Basile Caramia" (CRSFA), 70010 Locorotondo (Bari), Italy.
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3
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Jeger M, Bragard C. The Epidemiology of Xylella fastidiosa; A Perspective on Current Knowledge and Framework to Investigate Plant Host-Vector-Pathogen Interactions. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:200-209. [PMID: 30365394 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-18-0239-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Insect-transmitted plant diseases caused by viruses, phytoplasmas, and bacteria share many features in common regardless of the causal agent. This perspective aims to show how a model framework, developed originally for plant virus diseases, can be modified for the case of diseases incited by Xylella fastidiosa. In particular, the model framework enables the specification of a simple but quite general invasion criterion defined in terms of key plant, pathogen, and vector parameters and, importantly, their interactions, which determine whether or not an incursion or isolated outbreak of a pathogen will lead to establishment, persistence, and subsequent epidemic development. Hence, this approach is applicable to the wide range of X. fastidiosa-incited diseases that have recently emerged in southern Europe, each with differing host plant, pathogen subspecies, and vector identities. Of particular importance are parameters relating to vector abundance and activity, transmission characteristics, and behavior in relation to preferences for host infection status. Some gaps in knowledge with regard to the developing situation in Europe are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jeger
- First author: Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL7 9LU, United Kingdom; and second author: Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Claude Bragard
- First author: Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL7 9LU, United Kingdom; and second author: Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Tsagkarakis AE, Afentoulis DG, Matared M, Thanou ZN, Stamatakou GD, Kalaitzaki AP, Tzobanoglou DK, Goumas D, Trantas E, Zarboutis I, Perdikis DC. Identification and Seasonal Abundance of Auchenorrhyncha With a Focus on Potential Insect Vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Olive Orchards in Three Regions of Greece. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:2536-2545. [PMID: 30124862 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the species composition, seasonal appearance, and abundance of Auchenorrhyncha in olive crops is of paramount importance to reduce the potential of Xylella fastidiosa to invade new areas. As similar investigations had not previously been conducted in Greece, extensive surveys were undertaken in olive orchards located in three of the most important regions for olive production in central Greece (Fthiotida), south-central Greece (Attica), and southern Greece (Chania). Surveys took place over a 13-mo period, using Malaise traps examined on a monthly basis. Results showed high levels of species richness in the olive orchards, and the Auchenorrhyncha diversity varied among the regions surveyed. Most of the species listed as potential vectors of X. fastidiosa in Europe were found in relatively low numbers. Furthermore, many insects of the Deltocephalinae subfamily were found, whose behavior as vectors should be further studied. The dominant and most frequent species found in the three regions were tested and found not to be associated with transmission of the bacterium. This study may serve as an alert, showing that the most commonly found species differ from those identified in similar studies in Italy, and thus other species should be examined as potential vectors. The results of the present study provide new insights into the seasonal abundance and dynamics of potential vectors of X. fastidosa in several regions of Greece, and also provide information that may prove valuable for the effective containment and eradication of this threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios E Tsagkarakis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Afentoulis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens, Greece
| | - Mohamed Matared
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipion, Chania, Greece
| | - Zoi N Thanou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia D Stamatakou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens, Greece
| | - Argyro P Kalaitzaki
- Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'DEMETER', Agrokipio, Chania, Greece
- Department of Rural Development of Chania, Hellenic Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Agrokipio, Chania, Greece
| | - Despina K Tzobanoglou
- Department of Rural Development of Chania, Hellenic Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Agrokipio, Chania, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Goumas
- Department of Agriculture, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Stavromenos, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Trantas
- Department of Agriculture, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Stavromenos, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zarboutis
- Regional Sector of Fthiotida, Direction of Rural Economy & Veterinary Services, Lamia, Greece
| | - Dionyssios Ch Perdikis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens, Greece
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Morente M, Cornara D, Plaza M, Durán JM, Capiscol C, Trillo R, Ruiz M, Ruz C, Sanjuan S, Pereira JA, Moreno A, Fereres A. Distribution and Relative Abundance of Insect Vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Olive Groves of the Iberian Peninsula. INSECTS 2018; 9:E175. [PMID: 30513710 PMCID: PMC6315892 DOI: 10.3390/insects9040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytosanitary emergency caused by the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in the Mediterranean has raised demands for a better understanding of the ecology of its presumed and candidate insect vectors. Here, we present the results of a two-year survey carried out in olive groves across southern, eastern and Central Spain and northeastern Portugal. Several sampling methods were tested and compared to select the most appropriate to estimate population levels of potential vectors of X. fastidiosa. The spittlebugs Philaenus spumarius and Neophilaenus campestris (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) were the main species associated with olive groves. Both species were widely present on herbaceous ground vegetation within the olive groves; P. spumarius mainly associated with Asteraceae and N. campestris with Poaceae. Due to the patchy distribution of spittlebugs within the olive groves, sweep nets were the most effective and least time-consuming sampling method for the estimation of population size both in the ground cover and tree canopies. Trends in population density showed that spittlebugs can be abundant on ground vegetation but very rare on olive canopies. Spittlebugs disperse in late spring to non-cultivated hosts that act as natural reservoirs. In late fall, adults return to the olive groves for oviposition. However, olive trees may act as transient hosts for spittlebugs and high population densities of these insect vectors should be avoided in areas where X. fastidiosa is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Morente
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniele Cornara
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Plaza
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Durán
- Laboratorio de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Junta de Andalucía, 41089 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Carmen Capiscol
- CITOLIVA, Centro Tecnológico del Olivar y del Aceite, Mengíbar, 23620 Jaen, Spain.
| | - Raquel Trillo
- CITOLIVA, Centro Tecnológico del Olivar y del Aceite, Mengíbar, 23620 Jaen, Spain.
| | - Manuel Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Junta de Andalucía, 23620 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Carmen Ruz
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, IAS-CSIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Susana Sanjuan
- Cooperativa Agricola Villena. Ctra. del Puerto, s/n-03400, Villena, 03040 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Jose Alberto Pereira
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança-Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Aranzazu Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Waite DW, Li D, D'Souza M, Gunawardana D. Development and validation of a real-time PCR assay for the glassy-winged sharpshooter Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2017; 107:332-339. [PMID: 27819200 DOI: 10.1017/s000748531600095x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis) is an invasive pest organism, which is found throughout Central America and has recently invaded a few countries in the Pacific Islands. As a carrier of the highly virulent plant pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, it is of great economic significance to horticulture and is estimated to cost Californian vineyards over US$100 million per year in control and losses. New Zealand is currently free from this pest, but its recent spread through the Pacific has raised concerns of it establishing in New Zealand, potentially as a result of introduction through human travel. We report here a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid identification of H. vitripennis. The assay was extensively validated in silico then optimized and tested against a range of Cicadellidae species, both internationally collected and local to New Zealand. This assay was able to correctly identify H. vitripennis samples, and distinguish between H. vitripennis and close relatives, such as the smoke-tree sharpshooter (Homalodisca liturata) and will be of great benefit to New Zealand biosecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Waite
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory,Ministry for Primary Industries,PO Box 2095, Auckland 1140,New Zealand
| | - D Li
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory,Ministry for Primary Industries,PO Box 2095, Auckland 1140,New Zealand
| | - M D'Souza
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory,Ministry for Primary Industries,PO Box 2095, Auckland 1140,New Zealand
| | - D Gunawardana
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory,Ministry for Primary Industries,PO Box 2095, Auckland 1140,New Zealand
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Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed byXylella fastidiosain the EU territory, with the identification and evaluation of risk reduction options. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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8
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Assessing invasion threats: novel insect-pathogen-natural enemy associations with native New Zealand plants in southern California. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Statement of EFSA on host plants, entry and spread pathways and risk reduction options for Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. EFSA J 2013. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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