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Kanlaya R, Kuljiratansiri R, Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. The inhibitory effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal growth, aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115988. [PMID: 38061137 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a predominant phytochemical in tea plant, has been reported to prevent kidney stone formation but with vague mechanism. We investigated modulatory effects of EGCG (at 0.1-100 µM) on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals at various stages of kidney stone development. EGCG significantly increased crystal size (at 1-100 µM), but decreased crystal number (at 10-100 µM), resulting in unchanged crystal mass and volume. Interestingly, EGCG at 10-100 µM caused morphological change of the crystals from typical monoclinic prismatic to coffee-bean-like shape, which represented atypical/aberrant form of COM as confirmed by attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. EGCG at all concentrations significantly inhibited crystal growth in a concentration-dependent manner. However, only 100 µM and 10-100 µM of EGCG significantly inhibited crystal aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining (without permeabilization) revealed that surface expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) (a COM crystal receptor) on MDCK renal cells was significantly decreased by 10 µM EGCG, whereas other surface COM receptors (annexin A1, annexin A2, enolase 1 and ezrin) remained unchanged. Immunoblotting showed that 10 µM EGCG did not alter total level of HSP90 in MDCK cells, implicating that its decreased surface expression was due to translocation. Our data provide a piece of evidence explaining mechanism underlying the anti-lithiatic property of EGCG by inhibition of COM crystal growth, aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion via reduced surface expression of HSP90, which is an important COM crystal receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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Duan C, Liu H, Yang X, Liu J, Deng Y, Wang T, Xing J, Hu Z, Xu H. Sirtuin1 inhibits calcium oxalate crystal-induced kidney injury by regulating TLR4 signaling and macrophage-mediated inflammatory activation. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110887. [PMID: 37717713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) activation significantly attenuated calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition and renal inflammatory injury by regulating renal immune microenvironment. Here, to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of Sirt1 on macrophage related inflammation and tubular epithelial cells (TECs) necrosis, we constructed a macrophage and CaOx monohydrate (COM)-stimulated tubular cell co-culture system to mimic immune microenvironment in kidney and established a mouse model of CaOx nephrocalcinosis in wild-type and myeloid-specific Sirt1 knockout mice. Target prediction analyses of Gene Expression Omnibus Datasets showed that only miR-34b-5p is regulated by lipopolysaccharides and upregulated by SRT1720 and targets the TLR4 3'-untranslated region. In vitro, SRT1720 suppressed TLR4 expression and M1 macrophage polarization and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial damage in COM-stimulated TECs by targeting miR-34b-5p. Mechanically, Sirt1 promoted miR-34b-5p expression by suppressing the tri-methylation of H3K27, which directly bound to the miR-34b-5p promoter and abolished the miR-34b-5p transcription. Furthermore, loss of Sirt1 aggravated CaOx nephrocalcinosis-induced inflammatory and oxidative kidney injury, while AgomiR-34b reversed these effects. Therefore, our data suggested that Sirt1 inhibited TLR4 signaling and M1 macrophage polarization and decreased inflammatory and oxidative injury of TECs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Duan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230000 Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650000 Kunming, China
| | - Yaoliang Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530000 Nanning, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361000 Xiamen, China
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361000 Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China.
| | - Hua Xu
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, 430000 Wuhan, China; Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China; Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China.; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China.
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Liu L, Lin C, Li X, Cheng Y, Wang R, Luo C, Zhao X, Jiang Z. Protective Effect of Alkaline Mineral Water on Calcium Oxalate-Induced Kidney Injury in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4559802. [PMID: 37920186 PMCID: PMC10620026 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4559802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Kidney stone disease induces chronic renal insufficiency by crystal-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. It has been reported that the prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing, accompanied by the high recurrence rate. Alkaline mineral water has been reported to possess beneficial effects to attenuate inflammation. Here, we explored the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of alkaline mineral water against calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury. Methods We performed the mice kidney stone model by administering glyoxylate at 100 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. To assess the effects of alkaline mineral water on oxalate-induced kidney injury, mice drank different water (distilled water, natural mineral water at pH = 8.0, as well as natural mineral water at pH = 9.3) for 7 days, respectively, followed by glyoxylate exposure. After collection, crystal formation, kidney injury and cell apoptosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress, as well as inflammation were measured. Results Our results showed that glyoxylate treatment led to kidney crystal formation and fibrosis, which can be attenuated by drinking alkaline mineral water. Furthermore, alkaline mineral water also reduced kidney injury and cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Conclusion Alkaline mineral water supplement prevents progression of glyoxylate-induced kidney stones through alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Vectors and Parasitosis Control and Prevention Section, Center of Disease Prevention and Control in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Ushimoto C, Sugiki S, Kunii K, Inoue S, Kuroda E, Akai R, Iwawaki T, Miyazawa K. Dynamic change and preventive role of stress response via Keap1-Nrf2 during renal crystal formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:120-132. [PMID: 37451369 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major risk factor for calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Reports suggest that oxidative stress response is induced in animals and humans with kidney stones. Keap1, Nrf2, and HO-1 are known as oxidative stress mediators. However, the association between oxidative stress response and stone formation is unclear. In this study, we analyzed oxidative stress response from the acute to the crystal formation phase when crystal formation was applied to renal crystal mice model and bioimaging mice and investigated the effect on crystal formation. In renal tissues, after glyoxylate administration, HO-1 increased for up to 6 h and returned to baseline at 24 h. This was observed following each daily dose until five days after the crystallization phase; however, the range of increase was attenuated. The possibility that Nrf2 activity influenced the number of crystals was considered in the experiment. Crystal formation increased in Nrf2-deficient mice and could be reduced by Nrf2 activators. In conclusion, the oxidative stress response via the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may contribute to crystal formation. Particularly, this pathway may be a prospective target for drug development to prevent and cure nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharuko Ushimoto
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sugiki
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kenshirou Kunii
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shinya Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Eriko Kuroda
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ryoko Akai
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Katsuhito Miyazawa
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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Wang H, Liu Z, Liu S, Yang R, Wang Y, Gu Y, Wu M, Dong R, Chen B. The Therapeutic Effect of Catechin on Nephrolithiasis Induced by Co-Exposure to Melamine and Cyanuric Acid in Sprague-Dawley Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:799. [PMID: 37755809 PMCID: PMC10536173 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of catechin against experimentally induced kidney stones resulting from co-exposure to melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CYA) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. To induce nephrolithiasis, a combination of MEL and CYA (1:1 ratio, each at a dose of 31.5 mg/kg bw/day) was administered to the rats for 28 consecutive days. After nephrolithiasis was successfully induced, the rats were randomly divided into two groups: a treatment group and a sham group. The treatment group was given a daily oral dose of 50 mg/kg of catechin for 28 days, while the sham group received no intervention. Urine and blood samples were collected throughout the treatment period, and kidney samples were taken on day 28. Our findings demonstrated that treatment with catechin significantly reduced crystal deposition and pathological damage in the rats from nephrolithiasis. Additionally, renal injury markers were significantly decreased in the treatment group compared to the sham group. These findings suggest that catechin has potential therapeutic benefits in treating nephrolithiasis induced by co-exposure to MEL and CYA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Chen
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (M.W.); (R.D.)
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Mayayo-Vallverdú C, López de Heredia M, Prat E, González L, Espino Guarch M, Vilches C, Muñoz L, Asensi MA, Serra C, Llebaria A, Casado M, Artuch R, Garrabou G, Garcia-Roves PM, Pallardó FV, Nunes V. The antioxidant l-Ergothioneine prevents cystine lithiasis in the Slc7a9 -/- mouse model of cystinuria. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102801. [PMID: 37418888 PMCID: PMC10359938 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The high recurrence rate of cystine lithiasis observed in cystinuria patients highlights the need for new therapeutic options to address this chronic disease. There is growing evidence of an antioxidant defect in cystinuria, which has led to test antioxidant molecules as new therapeutic approaches. In this study, the antioxidant l-Ergothioneine was evaluated, at two different doses, as a preventive and long-term treatment for cystinuria in the Slc7a9-/- mouse model. l-Ergothioneine treatments decreased the rate of stone formation by more than 60% and delayed its onset in those mice that still developed calculi. Although there were no differences in metabolic parameters or urinary cystine concentration between control and treated mice, cystine solubility was increased by 50% in the urines of treated mice. We also demonstrate that l-Ergothioneine needs to be internalized by its transporter OCTN1 (Slc22a4) to be effective, as when administrated to the double mutant Slc7a9-/-Slc22a4-/- mouse model, no effect on the lithiasis phenotype was observed. In kidneys, we detected a decrease in GSH levels and an impairment of maximal mitochondrial respiratory capacity in cystinuric mice that l-Ergothioneine treatment was able to restore. Thus, l-Ergothioneine administration prevented cystine lithiasis in the Slc7a9-/- mouse model by increasing urinary cystine solubility and recovered renal GSH metabolism and mitochondrial function. These results support the need for clinical trials to test l-Ergothioneine as a new treatment for cystinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Mayayo-Vallverdú
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Genetics Section, Physiological Sciences Department, Health Sciences and Medicine Faculty, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel López de Heredia
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Prat
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Genetics Section, Physiological Sciences Department, Health Sciences and Medicine Faculty, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura González
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meritxell Espino Guarch
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Immunology Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Clara Vilches
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Muñoz
- SIMChem, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Asensi
- Departamento de Fisiología. Universidad de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Serra
- SIMChem, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- SIMChem, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Casado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Biochemistry Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Biochemistry Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gloria Garrabou
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Internal Medicine Department-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo M Garcia-Roves
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nutrition, Metabolism and Gene therapy Group Diabetes and Metabolism Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) -CB06/07/0069 - CB06/07/0061 - CB06/07/0073 - CB06/07/1002 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología. Universidad de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Virginia Nunes
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Gene, Disease and Therapy Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Genetics Section, Physiological Sciences Department, Health Sciences and Medicine Faculty, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zhao J, Wu Y, Zhou K, Huang M, Sun Y, Kang J, Su Q, Zhao Y, Liu Q, Li C. Ferroptosis in calcium oxalate kidney stone formation and the possible regulatory mechanism of ANKRD1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119452. [PMID: 36907445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the role of ferroptosis in the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones and the regulatory mechanism of the ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) gene. The study found that the Nrf2/HO-1 and p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathways were activated in the kidney stone model group, and the expression of the ferroptosis marker proteins SLC7A11 and GPX4 was significantly reduced, while the expression of ACSL4 was significantly increased. The expression of the iron transport-related proteins CP and TF increased significantly, and Fe2+ accumulated in the cell. The expression of HMGB1 increased significantly. In addition, the level of intracellular oxidative stress was increased. The gene with the most significant difference caused by CaOx crystals in HK-2 cells was ANKRD1. Silencing or overexpression of ANKRD1 by lentiviral infection technology regulated the expression of the p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathway, which regulated the ferroptosis induced by CaOx crystals. In conclusion, CaOx crystals can mediate ferroptosis through the Nrf2/HO-1 and p53/SLC7A11 pathways, thereby weakening the resistance of HK-2 cells to oxidative stress and other unfavorable factors, enhancing cell damage, and increasing crystal adhesion and CaOx crystal deposition in the kidney. ANKRD1 participates in the formation and development of CaOx kidney stones by activating ferroptosis mediated by the p53/SLC7A11 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yongxian Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Moran Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Juening Kang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qisheng Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Department of Urology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Chengyang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Jeong JY, Cho KS, Kim DH, Jun DY, Moon YJ, Lee JY. A New Parameter for Calcium Oxalate Stones: Impact of Linear Calculus Density on Non-Contrast Computed Tomography. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020267. [PMID: 36837469 PMCID: PMC9962263 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is widely used to evaluate urolithiasis. The NCCT attenuation, measured in Hounsfield units (HU), has been evaluated to predict stone characteristics. We propose a novel parameter, linear calculus density (LCD), and analyze variables from NCCT imaging to predict calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones, which are common and challenging to fragment. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with urolithiasis between 2014 and 2017. Among those, 790 patients were included. Based on the NCCT pre-treatment, the maximal stone length (MSL), mean stone density (MSD), and stone heterogeneity index (SHI) were obtained. In addition, the variation coefficient of stone density (VCSD = SHI/MSD × 100) and linear calculus density (LCD = VCSD/MSL) were calculated. In accordance with the stone analysis, the patients were divided into two groups (CaOx and non-CaOx groups). The logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for predictive modeling. Results: In the CaOx group, the SHI, VCSD, and LCD were more significant than in the non-CaOx group (all p < 0.001). SHI (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.001-1.004, p < 0.001), VCSD (OR 1.028, 95% CI 1.016-1.041, p < 0.001), and LCD (OR 1.352, 95% CI 1.270-1.444, p < 0.001) were significant independent factors for CaOx stones in the logistic regression models. The areas under the ROC curve for predicting CaOx stones were 0.586 for SHI, 0.66 for VCSD, and 0.739 for LCD, with a cut-point of 2.25. Conclusions: LCD can be a useful new parameter to provide additional information to help discriminate CaOx stones before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Jeong
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Su Cho
- Department of Urology, Prostate Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Kim
- Department of Urology, Prostate Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Jun
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Moon
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-2320; Fax: +82-2-312-2538
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Xu H, Liu Y, Wang J, Jin X. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on emergency department visits for urolithiasis: A time-series study in Wuhan, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1091672. [PMID: 36794071 PMCID: PMC9922887 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1091672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have explored the correlation between short-term exposure to air pollution and urinary system diseases, but lack of evidence on the correlation between air pollution and urolithiasis. Methods Daily data of emergency department visits (EDVs), concentrations of six air pollutants (SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, CO, and O3) and meteorological variables were collected in Wuhan, China, from 2016 to 2018. And a time-series study was conducted to investigate short-term effects of air pollutants on urolithiasis EDVs. In addition, stratified analyses by season, age and gender were also conducted. Results A total of 7,483 urolithiasis EDVs were included during the study period. A 10-μg/m3 increase of SO2, NO2, PM2.5, CO, PM10, and O3 corresponded to 15.02% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69%, 30.11%), 1.96% (95% CI: 0.19%, 3.76%), 1.09% (95% CI:-0.24%, 2.43%), 0.14% (95% CI: 0.02%, 0.26%), 0.72% (95% CI: 0.02%, 1.43%), and 1.17% (95% CI: 0.40%, 1.94%) increases in daily urolithiasis EDVs. Significant positive correlations were observed between SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 and urolithiasis EDVs. The correlations were mainly among females (especially PM2.5 and CO) and younger people (especially SO2, NO2, and PM10) but the effect of CO was more obvious in elders. Furthermore, the effects of SO2 and CO were stronger in warm seasons, while the effects of NO2 were stronger in cool seasons. Conclusion Our time-series study indicates that short-term exposure to air pollution (especially SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) was positively correlated with EDVs for urolithiasis in Wuhan, China, and the effects varied by season, age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Xu
- The Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- The Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoqing Jin ✉
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10
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Gu Y, Shen Y, Chen W, He H, Ma Y, Mei X, Ju D, Liu H. Protective effects of interleukin-22 on oxalate-induced crystalline renal injury via alleviating mitochondrial damage and inflammatory response. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2637-2649. [PMID: 35294590 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxalate-induced crystalline kidney injury is one of the most common types of crystalline nephropathy. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment to reduce the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals and alleviate kidney damage. Thus, proactive therapeutic is urgently needed to alleviate the suffering it causes to patient. Here, we investigated whether IL-22 exerted nephroprotective effects to sodium oxalate-mediated kidney damage and its potential mechanism. Crystalline kidney injury models were developed in vitro and in vivo that was often observed in clinic. We provided evidence that IL-22 could effectively decrease the accumulation of ROS and mitochondrial damage in cell and animal models and reduce the death of TECs. Moreover, IL-22 decreased the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and mature IL-1β in renal tissue induced by sodium oxalate. Further studies confirmed that IL-22 could play an anti-inflammatory role by reducing the levels of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in serum. In conclusion, our study confirmed that IL-22 has protective effects on sodium oxalate-induced crystalline kidney injury by reducing the production of ROS, protecting mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibiting the inflammatory response. Therefore, IL-22 may play a potential preventive role in sodium oxalate-induced acute renal injury. KEY POINTS: • IL-22 could reduce sodium oxalate-mediated cytotoxicity and ameliorate renal injury. • IL-22 could alleviate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by sodium oxalate. • IL-22 could inhibit inflammatory response of renal injury caused by sodium oxalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong He
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xinsong Road, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Yulei Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Mei
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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11
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HydroZitLa inhibits calcium oxalate stone formation in nephrolithic rats and promotes longevity in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5102. [PMID: 35332173 PMCID: PMC8948263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low fluid intake, low urinary citrate excretion, and high oxidative stress are main causative factors of calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis. HydroZitLa contains citrate and natural antioxidants and is developed to correct these three factors simultaneously. Antioxidants theoretically can prolong the lifespan of organisms. In this study, we preclinically investigated the antilithogenic, lifespan-extending and anti-aging effects of HydroZitLa in HK-2 cells, male Wistar rats, and Caenorhabditis elegans. HydroZitLa significantly inhibited CaOx crystal aggregation in vitro and reduced oxidative stress in HK-2 cells challenged with lithogenic factors. For experimental nephrolithiasis, rats were divided into four groups: ethylene glycol (EG), EG + HydroZitLa, EG + Uralyt-U, and untreated control. CaOx deposits in kidneys of EG + HydroZitLa and EG + Uralyt-U rats were significantly lower than those of EG rats. Intrarenal expression of 4-hydroxynonenal in EG + HydroZitLa rats was significantly lower than that of EG rats. The urinary oxalate levels of EG + HydroZitLa and EG + Uralyt-U rats were significantly lower than those of EG rats. The urinary citrate levels of EG + HydroZitLa and EG + Uralyt-U rats were restored to the level in normal control rats. In C. elegans, HydroZitLa supplementation significantly extended the median lifespan of nematodes up to 34% without altering feeding ability. Lipofuscin accumulation in HydroZitLa-supplemented nematodes was significantly lower than that of non-supplemented control. Additionally, HydroZitLa inhibited telomere shortening, p16 upregulation, and premature senescence in HK-2 cells exposed to lithogenic stressors. Conclusions, HydroZitLa inhibited oxidative stress and CaOx formation both in vitro and in vivo. HydroZitLa extended the lifespan and delayed the onset of aging in C. elegans and human kidney cells. This preclinical evidence suggests that HydroZitLa is beneficial for inhibiting CaOx stone formation, promoting longevity, and slowing down aging.
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12
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Dejban P, Wilson EM, Jayachandran M, Herrera Hernandez LP, Haskic Z, Wellik LE, Sinha S, Rule AD, Denic A, Koo K, Potretzke AM, Lieske JC. Inflammatory Cells in Nephrectomy Tissue from Patients without and with a History of Urinary Stone Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:414-422. [PMID: 35078782 PMCID: PMC8975022 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11730921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Urinary stone disease has been associated with inflammation, but the specific cell interactions that mediate events remain poorly defined. This study compared calcification and inflammatory cell patterns in kidney tissue from radical nephrectomy specimens of patients without and with a history of urinary stone disease. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Nontumor parenchyma of biobanked radical nephrectomy specimens from age- and sex-matched stone formers (n=44) and nonstone formers (n=82) were compared. Calcification was detected by Yasue staining and inflammatory cell populations by immunohistochemistry for CD68 (proinflammatory M1 macrophages), CD163 and CD206 (anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages), CD3 (T lymphocytes), and tryptase (mast cells). Calcifications and inflammatory cells were quantified in cortex and medulla using Image-Pro analysis software. RESULTS Calcification in the medulla of stone formers was higher than in nonstone formers (P<0.001). M1 macrophages in the cortex and medulla of stone formers were greater than in nonstone formers (P<0.001), and greater in stone former medulla than stone former cortex (P=0.02). There were no differences in age, sex, body mass index, tumor characteristics (size, stage, or thrombus), vascular disease status, or eGFR between the groups. M2 macrophages, T lymphocytes, and mast cells did not differ by stone former status. There was a correlation between M1 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of stone formers (rho=0.48; P=0.001) and between M2 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of nonstone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.001). T lymphocytes were correlated with calcification in the cortex of both nonstone formers (rho=0.27; P=0.01) and stone formers (rho=0.42; P=0.004), whereas mast cells and calcification were correlated only in the cortex of stone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Higher medullary calcification stimulated accumulation of proinflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory macrophages in stone formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Dejban
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elena M. Wilson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Muthuvel Jayachandran
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Zejfa Haskic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Sutapa Sinha
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew D. Rule
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksandar Denic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin Koo
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - John C. Lieske
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Xie Z, Chen J, Chen Z. MicroRNA-204 attenuates oxidative stress damage of renal tubular epithelial cells in calcium oxalate kidney-stone formation via MUC4-mediated ERK signaling pathway. Urolithiasis 2021; 50:1-10. [PMID: 34783868 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-021-01286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxalate-induced oxidative stress causes damage to cells, accompanied with renal deposition of calcium oxalate crystals. Recent studies have highlighted the extensive functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various processes, including cellular responses to oxidative stress. Hence, this study was intended to analyze the role of miR-204 in the calcium oxalate kidney-stone formation and the underlying mechanism. In silico analysis was performed to determine the miRNA/mRNA interaction involved in calculus, while dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted for validation. A calcium oxalate kidney-stone model was established by H2O2 induction in RTEC HK-2 cells, in which the expression of miR-204 was examined. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches were employed to alter the expression of miR-204/MUC4 so as to assess the detailed role of miR-204 in oxidative stress injury in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and calcium oxalate kidney-stone formation. MUC4, an up-regulated gene in H2O2-induced HK-2 cells, was a target of MUC4. miR-204 functionally targeted MUC4 and blocked the ERK pathway activation. Furthermore, up-regulated miR-204 contributed to promotion of RTEC proliferation and suppression of ROS levels, RTEC apoptosis as well as formation of calcium oxalate crystal. Taken together, miR-204 impairs MUC4-dependent activation of the ERK signaling pathway and consequently ameliorates oxidative stress damage to RTECs and prevents calcium oxalate kidney-stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Province Mawangdui Hospital, Changsha, 410016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69, Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Li Y, Ding T, Hu H, Zhao T, Zhu C, Ding J, Yuan J, Guo Z. LncRNA-ATB participates in the regulation of calcium oxalate crystal-induced renal injury by sponging the miR-200 family. Mol Med 2021; 27:143. [PMID: 34736391 PMCID: PMC8567594 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA-ATB is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) activated by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and it has important biological functions in tumours and nontumour diseases. Meanwhile, TGF-β is the most critical regulatory factor in the process of nephrotic fibrosis and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal-induced renal injury. The present study aimed to investigate the biological function and mechanism of lncRNA-ATB in CaOx crystal-induced renal injury. Methods The expression level of lncRNA-ATB was detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, TGF-β1 and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) were detected by qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining or western blot analysis, cell proliferation was measured with a CCK-8 kit, cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining, and cell injury was detected with the Cytotoxicity lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) Assay kit and the expression level of KIM-1. Results The expression levels of lncRNA-ATB and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in HK-2 cells after coincubation with calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). COM stimulation caused significant injury in the HK-2 cells, induced cell apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced EMT changes. After COM stimulation, the expression levels of the epithelial cell markers E-cadherin and zonula occludens (ZO)-1 in HK-2 cells significantly decreased, whereas the levels of the mesenchymal cell markers N-cadherin, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) significantly increased. Interference with lncRNA-ATB expression significantly relieved the COM-induced cell injury, cell apoptosis, proliferation inhibition, and EMT changes. The expression levels of the microRNA-200 (miR-200) family in the HK-2 cells after coincubation with COM were significantly decreased. MiR-200a mimics relieved the COM-induced cell injury, apoptosis, proliferation inhibition, and EMT changes, whereas miR-200a inhibitors abolished the lncRNA-ATB interference-induced relief of the COM-induced cell injury, apoptosis, proliferation inhibition, and EMT. Conclusion LncRNA-ATB promoted the COM-induced cell injury, cell apoptosis, proliferation inhibition, and EMT to participate in the process of CaOx crystal-induced renal injury by sponging miR-200s. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00403-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarong Ding
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihang Yuan
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ye QL, Wang DM, Wang X, Zhang ZQ, Tian QX, Feng SY, Zhang ZH, Yu DX, Ding DM, Xie DD. Sirt1 inhibits kidney stones formation by attenuating calcium oxalate-induced cell injury. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 347:109605. [PMID: 34333021 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell injury is a necessary and critical event during CaOx kidney stone formation. Sirt1 exerts a number of pleiotropic effects, protecting against renal cell injury. This study aims to explore the relationship between Sirt1 and CaOx kidney stone formation and the underlying mechanism. Sirt1 expression in renal tissues or HK-2 cells was detected by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Apoptosis in renal tissues was examined by TUNEL staining. Renal pathological changes and the crystals deposition were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and Von Kossa staining. Crystal-cell adhesion and cell injury in HK-2 cells were assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry and flow cytometry, respectively. Sirt1 expression in nephrolithiasis patients was downregulated and the level of apoptosis was increased. Further study found that Sirt1 expression was decreased in both in vivo and in vitro models. Interestingly, the levels of cell injury were elevated in vivo and in vitro models. Suppressing Sirt1 expression promoted COM-induced crystal-cell adhesion and exacerbated cell injury. In contrast, increasing the expression of Sirt1 by lentivirus transfection in vitro and resveratrol administration in vivo, alleviated crystal deposition and cell damage. Our findings suggest that Sirt1 could inhibit kidney stone formation, at least in part, through attenuating CaOx -induced cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Da-Ming Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qi-Xing Tian
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shi-Yao Feng
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Xin Yu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Mao Ding
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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16
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Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Oxidative Modifications Switch Modulatory Activities of Urinary Proteins From Inhibiting to Promoting Calcium Oxalate Crystallization, Growth, and Aggregation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100151. [PMID: 34562649 PMCID: PMC8551538 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence/prevalence of kidney stone disease has been increasing around the globe, but its pathogenic mechanisms remained unclear. We evaluated effects of oxidative modifications of urinary proteins on calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation processes. Urinary proteins derived from 20 healthy individuals were modified by performic oxidation, and the presence of oxidatively modified urinary proteins was verified, quantified, and characterized by Oxyblot assay and tandem MS (nanoLC-electrospray ionization-linear trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-MS/MS). Subsequently, activities of oxidatively modified urinary proteins on CaOx stone formation processes were examined. Oxyblot assay confirmed the marked increase in protein oxidation level in the modified urine. NanoLC-electrospray ionization-linear trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-MS/MS identified a total of 193 and 220 urinary proteins in nonmodified and modified urine samples, respectively. Among these, there were 1121 and 5297 unambiguous oxidatively modified peptides representing 42 and 136 oxidatively modified proteins in the nonmodified and modified urine samples, respectively. Crystal assays revealed that oxidatively modified urinary proteins significantly promoted CaOx crystallization, crystal growth, and aggregation. By contrast, the nonmodified urinary proteins had inhibitory activities. This is the first direct evidence demonstrating that oxidative modifications of urinary proteins increase the risk of kidney stone disease by switching their modulatory activities from inhibiting to promoting CaOx crystallization, crystal growth, and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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17
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Escherichia coli Aggravates Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation via PPK1/Flagellin-Mediated Renal Oxidative Injury and Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9949697. [PMID: 34336124 PMCID: PMC8292073 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9949697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is closely associated with the formation of kidney stones. However, the role of E. coli in CaOx stone formation is not well understood. We explored whether E. coli facilitate CaOx stone formation and its mechanism. Stone and urine cultures were reviewed from kidney stone formers. The ability of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) aggregation was detected to evaluate the influence of uropathogenic E. coli, then gel electrophoresis and nanoLC-MS/MS to detect the crystal-adhered protein. Flagellin (Flic) and polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) were screened out following detection of their role on crystal aggregation, oxidative injury, and inflammation of HK-2 cell in vitro. By transurethral injection of wild-type, Ppk1 mutant and Flic mutant strains of E. coli and intraperitoneally injected with glyoxylate in C57BL/6J female mice to establish an animal model. We found that E. coli was the most common bacterial species in patients with CaOx stone. It could enhance CaOx crystal aggregation both in vitro and in vivo. Flagellin was identified as the key molecules regulated by PPK1, and both of them could facilitate the crystal aggregation and mediated HK-2 cell oxidative injury and activated the inflammation-related NF-κB/P38 signaling pathway. Wild-type strain of E. coli injection significantly increased CaOx deposition and enhanced oxidative injury and inflammation-related protein expression, and this effect could be reversed by Ppk1 or Flic mutation. In conclusion, E. coli promotes CaOx stone formation via enhancing oxidative injury and inflammation regulated by the PPK1/flagellin, which activated NF-κB/P38 pathways, providing new potential drug targets for the renal CaOx calculus precaution and treatment.
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18
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Yu L, Gan X, Bai Y, An R. CREB1 protects against the renal injury in a rat model of kidney stone disease and calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals-induced injury in NRK-52E cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 413:115394. [PMID: 33421503 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common urinary disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. In this study, we investigated the effect of cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) 1 in a KSD model of rat and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals-treated NRK-52E cells. Rats were pretreated with lentivirus (LV)-CREB1 vector or LV-control vector and administrated with ethylene glycol + ammonium chloride to induce KSD. It was found that CREB1 was activated in the renal tissue of non-treated KSD rats. Pretreating with LV-CREB1 vector significantly enhanced CREB1 expression in KSD rats. Biochemical analysis for serum and urine showed that upregulation of CREB1 could improve the renal function of KSD rats. Histological analysis confirmed that upregulation of CREB1 alleviated the renal injury in KSD rats. Moreover, the upregulation of CREB1 suppressed the apoptosis in renal tissue of KSD rats through regulating apoptosis-associated proteins. Further study showed that the upregulation of CREB1 could attenuate the oxidative stress in KSD rats as well. More interestingly, the upregulation of CREB1 enhanced the activity of complex I and complex III and the expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c, implicating the effect of CREB1 on improving mitochondrial function in KSD rats. In vitro study confirmed that upregulation of CREB1 inhibited the apoptosis and oxidative stress, while improved the mitochondrial function of NRK-52E cells treated with COM crystals, demonstrating the protective effect of CREB1 on COM crystals-induced renal epithelial cell injury. Therefore, CREB1 might be served as a promising target in the prophylaxis and treatment of KSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuguo Gan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yufeng Bai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Huang F, Sun XY, Chen XW, Ouyang JM. Effects of Selenized Astragalus Polysaccharide on the Adhesion and Endocytosis of Nanocalcium Oxalate Dihydrate after the Repair of Damaged HK-2 Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:739-751. [PMID: 33464816 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An oxidative damage model of human proximal renal epithelial cells (HK-2) was established using oxalate damage. The repair effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and selenized APS (Se-APS) on damaged HK-2 cells were investigated. Differences in the adhesion and endocytosis of HK-2 cells to calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals with a size of approximately 100 nm before and after APS and Se-APS repair were also explored. The results showed that after being repaired by APS and Se-APS, HK-2 cells exhibited increased cell viability, restored cell morphology, reduced reactive oxygen species level, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced phosphatidylserine eversion, and osteopontin expression. Moreover, the amount of adherent crystals on the cell surface decreased, but the amount of endocytic crystals increased. At the same concentration, Se-APS exhibited better repair effects on the damaged HK-2 cells than APS. All these findings revealed that Se-APS may be a potential drug candidate for inhibiting the formation of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Xue-Wu Chen
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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20
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Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Kidney Stone Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566506. [PMID: 33192563 PMCID: PMC7606861 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.566506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrion is a pivotal intracellular organelle that plays crucial roles in regulation of energy production, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), particularly calcium oxalate (CaOx; the most common type), has been shown to be associated with oxidative stress and tissue inflammation/injury. Recent evidence has demonstrated the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CaOx crystal retention and aggregation as well as Randall’s plaque formation, all of which are the essential mechanisms for kidney stone formation. This review highlights the important roles of mitochondria in renal cell functions and provides the data obtained from previous investigations of mitochondria related to kidney stone disease. In addition, mechanisms for the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney stone disease are summarized. Finally, future perspectives on the novel approach to prevent kidney stone formation by mitochondrial preservation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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21
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Liu CJ, Huang HS. Statins significantly alter urinary stone-related urine biochemistry in calcium kidney stone patients with dyslipidemia. Int J Urol 2020; 27:839-844. [PMID: 32681579 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the use of statins would alter 24-h urine biochemistry in male patients with calcium kidney stones. METHODS We prospectively recruited 78 male patients with calcium kidney stones between May 2017 and December 2017, and 30 male controls with matching sex and age, but without kidney stones. All patients were classified into higher- and lower-risk groups of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Atorvastatin 20 mg per day was prescribed for 12 weeks to the higher risk patients. For kidney stone group, 24-h urine collections were carried out before and after statin therapy. RESULTS A total of 78 patients and 30 controls were included. Higher-risk patients had significantly higher urine uric acid and calcium levels than lower-risk patients. After atorvastatin treatment for 12 weeks, urine citrate significantly increased (P < 0.001) accompanied with increased urine pH (P < 0.001), whereas urine uric acid significantly decreased after treatment. Although urine oxalate significantly increased after treatment (P = 0.037), we did not find any significant difference in urine calcium, ion activity product of calcium oxalate and ion activity product of calcium phosphate. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that atorvastatin administration might increase urinary citrate and decrease urinary uric acid in patients with calcium kidney stones and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Jung Liu
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ho Shiang Huang
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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22
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Albert A, Paul E, Rajakumar S, Saso L. Oxidative stress and endoplasmic stress in calcium oxalate stone disease: the chicken or the egg? Free Radic Res 2020; 54:244-253. [PMID: 32292073 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1751835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crystal modulators play a significant role in the formation of calcium oxalate stone disease. When renal cells are subjected to oxalate stress, the loss in cell integrity leads to exposure of multiple proteins that assist and/or inhibit crystal attachment and retention. Contact between oxalate and calcium oxalate with urothelium proves fatal to cells as a result of reactive oxygen species generation and onset of oxidative stress. Hence, as a therapeutic strategy it was hypothesised that supplementation of antioxidants would suffice. On the contrary to popular belief, the detection of oxalate induced endoplasmic reticulum mediated apoptosis proved the ineffectiveness of antioxidant therapy alone. Thus, the inadequacy of antioxidant supplementation in oxalate stress invoked the presence of an alternative pathway for the induction of kidney fibrosis in hyperoxaluric rats. In addition to settling this query, the link between oxidative stress and ER stress is not well understood, especially in urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eldho Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomics Science, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Selvaraj Rajakumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Group of Molecular Cell Biology of Lipids, 315, Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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23
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Sonmez MG, Kozanhan B, Deniz ÇD, Iyisoy MS, Kilinc MT, Ecer G, Ozturk A, Neselioglu S, Erel O. Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis as a novel indicator of oxidative stress in patients with urolithiasis. Investig Clin Urol 2019; 60:258-266. [PMID: 31294135 PMCID: PMC6607070 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2019.60.4.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose A dynamic thiol/disulfide balance is pivotal in organizing anti-oxidant defense, detoxification, apoptosis, and enzyme activities, as well as transcription and cellular signal-transfer mechanisms. The connection between urolithiasis and oxidant/antioxidant status, which can be assessed through thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH), has not yet been examined. In this study, we evaluated the effects of TDH on the formation, size, and location of stones by examining the associations between TDH parameters and urolithiasis. Materials and Methods Patients with urolithiasis and healthy controls were recruited. The patients were divided into subgroups in terms of stone size (>15 mm or ≤15 mm) and stone location (nephrolithiasis or ureterolithiasis). TDH parameters were measured using a novel automatic and spectrophotometric method and compared statistically. Results TDH parameters were different between the urolithiasis and control groups. TDH tended towards the disulfide side in the urolithiasis group. Stone size increased an average 0.14 mm with a 1 µmol/L increase in disulfide level and decreased an average 0.058 mm with a 1 µmol/L increase in native thiol level. Disulfide and native thiol levels were found to be different across patients with stone size >15 mm, ≤15 mm, and controls (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). However, the nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis groups were similar in respect of TDH parameters. Conclusions In this study, it was found that patients with urolithiasis displayed oxidative stress characterized by a TDH tendency towards the disulfide side, and an inadequate antioxidant response identified by a lower level of native thiol as compared with healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Giray Sonmez
- Department of Urology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Betul Kozanhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Çigdem Damla Deniz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Iyisoy
- Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Tansel Kilinc
- Department of Urology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ecer
- Department of Urology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozturk
- Department of Urology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, School of Medicine, Ankara Ataturk Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, School of Medicine, Ankara Ataturk Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Sugino T, Okada A, Taguchi K, Unno R, Hamamoto S, Ando R, Mogami T, Kohri K, Yamashita H, Yasui T. Brown adipocytes and β 3-stimulant-induced brown-like adipocytes contribute to the prevention of renal crystal formation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F1282-F1292. [PMID: 30995115 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00523.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent studies, kidney stones are associated with metabolic syndrome. We focused on brown adipocytes and β3-stimulant-induced brown-like adipocytes to investigate how these adipocytes influence kidney stone disease. For the interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) removal experiment, mice were subjected to either iBAT removal or sham operation (X-BAT group or sham group), and, after 3 wk, renal crystal deposition was induced by intra-abdominal injection of glyoxylate (GOX) for 6 days. For the β3-stimulant experiment, mice were administered intra-abdominal injections of the β3-stimulant (β3-group) or saline (control group) for 6 days. Thereafter, renal crystal deposition was induced by intra-abdominal injection of GOX for 6 days. iBAT removal decreased the expression of Sod1 and increased that of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (Ccl2), EGF module-containing mucin-like receptor 1 (Emr1), and tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) in the kidneys. Renal crystal deposition was 2.06-fold higher in the X-BAT group than in the sham group. The β3-stimulant caused differentiation of white adipocytes into brown-like adipocytes. In the kidneys of the β3-group, the expression of Ccl2 and Emr1 decreased and that of Sod1 increased. Renal crystal deposition was 0.17-fold lower in the β3-group than in the control group. In summary, iBAT removal promoted kidney inflammation and renal crystal formation. β3-Stimulant-induced brown-like adipocytes reduced inflammation and improved antioxidant action in the kidneys, which suppressed renal crystal formation. This is the first report on the therapeutic role of brown and brown-like adipocytes for kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Sugino
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan.,Department of Urology, JA Mie Komono Kosei Hospital , Mie , Japan
| | - Atsushi Okada
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Kazumi Taguchi
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Rei Unno
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Shuzo Hamamoto
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tohru Mogami
- Department of Urology, JA Mie Komono Kosei Hospital , Mie , Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kohri
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yamashita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasui
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Nagoya , Japan
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25
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Yifan Z, Luwei X, Kai L, Liuhua Z, Yuzheng G, Ruipeng J. Protective effect of salvianolic acid B against oxidative injury associated with cystine stone formation. Urolithiasis 2019; 47:503-510. [PMID: 30778619 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-019-01114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of oxidative stress in cystine crystal formation and whether salvianolic acid B, a natural antioxidant, could prevent cystine-mediated oxidative injury in vivo and in vitro. The levels of oxidative stress and antioxidase activity in cystine stone patients were assessed. Then, the oxidative stress exerted by cystine on human kidney-2 (HK-2) cell viability and biochemical parameters including antioxidase activity and antioxidant protein expression were evaluated, and the protective action of salvianolic acid B was also examined. Finally, salvianolic acid B was tested to determine whether it could prevent or reduce renal crystal formation in Slc7a9 knockout mice. The activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were decreased, and the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased in patients with cystine stones compared with people without cystine stones (p < 0.05). Significant reductions in cell viability, antioxidase activity and antioxidant protein expression levels were found in the cystine group compared with controls. However, such oxidative injuries were prevented by salvianolic acid B. In the animal study, loose crystals with white spots were seen in the renal parenchyma, bilateral renal pelvis and bladders in the Slc7a9 knockout group. In contrast, no renal crystals were seen in the control group, and markedly fewer crystals with significantly higher antioxidase activity and diminished oxidative stress were detected in the salvianolic acid B group. Cystine cytotoxicity in vitro and cystine stone formation in vivo were associated with oxidative stress, and salvianolic acid B could protect against cystine stone-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yifan
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xu Luwei
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Liang Kai
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Zhou Liuhua
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Ge Yuzheng
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jia Ruipeng
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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26
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Vinaiphat A, Charngkaew K, Thongboonkerd V. More complete polarization of renal tubular epithelial cells by artificial urine. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:47. [PMID: 30323952 PMCID: PMC6180081 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell polarization using Transwell is a common method employed to study renal tubular epithelial cells. However, this conventional protocol does not precisely recapitulate renal tubular epithelial cell phenotypes. In this study, we simulated renal physiological microenvironment by replacing serum-containing culture medium in upper chamber of the Transwell with physiologic artificial urine (AU) (to mimic renal tubular fluid), whereas the lower chamber still contained serum-containing medium (to mimic plasma-enriched renal interstitium). Comparing to the conventional protocol (control), the AU-assisted protocol offered more complete polarization of MDCK renal tubular cells as indicated by higher transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and greater levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed greater densities of TJ and desmosome, narrower intercellular spaces, greater cell height, and longer microvilli in the AU-treated cells. Secretome analysis revealed that the AU-treated cells secreted greater proportion of the proteins matched to normal human urinary proteome via both classical and non-classical secretory pathways. Finally, modifying/omitting each component of AU (one at a time) followed by validation revealed that urea was responsible for such property of AU to improve cell polarization. These data indicate that replacing AU on the upper chamber of Transwell can improve or optimize renal cell polarization for more precise investigations of renal physiology and cell biology in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arada Vinaiphat
- 1Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,2Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Komgrid Charngkaew
- 3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- 1Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,4Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Cu-bearing stainless steel reduces cytotoxicity and crystals adhesion after ureteral epithelial cells exposing to calcium oxalate monohydrate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14094. [PMID: 30237503 PMCID: PMC6148291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which is the main component of encrustation, may result in cell membrane injury. In addition, cellular damage is suggested to be the primary event attributing to COM crystal binding. To study the interaction between cells and crystals after incubating with a Cu-bearing stainless steel (316L-Cu SS), MTS and flow cytometric analyses were used to assess the cellular responses. The results confirmed that 316L-Cu SS could inhibit cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis of ureteral epithelial cells (UECs) after COM treatment. Furthermore, molecular expressions of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), which were evaluated by western blot analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), indicated that 316L-Cu SS could inhibit the oxidative stress attributing to up-regulating of CuZnSOD. Moreover, the crystal adhesion cytokine CD44 was examined with western blot and qPCR, and the corresponding hyaluronic (HA) secreted into the medium was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All results were confirmed that the expressions of cells cultured with 316L-Cu SS were down-regulated, demonstrating the inhibitory performance of 316L-Cu SS against crystal adhesion.
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28
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Wang X, Zhang B, Lu X, Wang R. Gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor gene silencing inhibits the development of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and formation of a calcium oxalate crystal in renal tubular epithelial cells in mice with kidney stones via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1567-1577. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Fang Wang
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Bei‐Hao Zhang
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Qing Lu
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Rui‐Qiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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29
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Chen HY, Wu JS, Chang YF, Sun ZJ, Chang CJ, Lu FH, Yang YC. Increased amount and duration of tea consumption may be associated with decreased risk of renal stone disease. World J Urol 2018; 37:379-384. [PMID: 29967945 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have looked into the association between tea consumption and renal stone disease, but the impact of tea consumption over time has not yet been fully clarified. Our study aimed to examine the amount and duration of tea consumption concomitantly in relation to the risk of renal stone disease. METHODS A total of 13,842 subjects who underwent health check-ups were recruited. Average tea consumption per day was defined as the amount of tea consumption per day multiplied by the frequency per week divided by seven. A "cup" was defined as 120 mL for each Chinese traditional teapot," and "cup-year" was calculated by multiplying the number of daily cups and the years of tea consumption to express the cumulative dose of tea consumption over time. The diagnosis of renal stone disease was established based on the results of abdominal sonography. RESULTS The amount of daily tea consumption was 119.2 ± 306.8 and 131.7 ± 347.3 mL in groups with and without renal stone disease. After adjusting for other clinical variables, daily tea consumption ≥ 240 mL vs. none was related to lower risk of renal stone disease (OR = 0.84, CI 0.71-0.99, p = 0.037). In another model, the associated risk of renal stone disease decreased significantly with tea consumption ≥ 20 cup-year (OR = 0.79, CI 0.66-0.94, p = 0.008), but not < 20 cup-year (OR = 0.92, CI 0.78-1.09, p = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS Daily tea consumption ≥ 240 mL (two cups) was associated with a lower risk of renal stone disease. Tea consumption ≥ 20 cup-year also had a decreased associated risk of renal stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Chen
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shang Wu
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan.,The Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Fan Chang
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Jie Sun
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan.,The Division of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chang
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan.,The Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Hwa Lu
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan. .,The Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- The Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No.138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan. .,The Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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30
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Chen Y, Ye L, Li W, Li D, Li F. Hyperoside protects human kidney‑2 cells against oxidative damage induced by oxalic acid. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:486-494. [PMID: 29750296 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of renal calculi (kidney stones) are calcium stones. Oxidative damage to renal tubular epithelial cells induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the predominant cause of calcium oxalate stone formation. Hyperoside (Hyp) is a flavonol glycoside extracted from medicinal plants and appears to exhibit potent antioxidant activity in various cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Hyp on renal cells exposed to oxidative stress simulated by oxalic acid (OA), and to determine whether the underlying mechanism involves the nuclear factor E2‑related factor2 (Nrf2)‑antioxidative response element signaling pathway. The study determined the indicators of high oxidative stress, including ROS and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human kidney‑2 cells and the results demonstrated that the levels of ROS, as evaluated by flow cytometry, and H2O2 were significantly increased following treatment with OA (5 mmol/l) for 24 h (OA group), compared with those in the untreated control group. The increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in these cells explained this observation, as it is a major source of ROS. The results demonstrated that, in the OA group, the adhesion of calcium oxalate crystals and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased, and MTT assay demonstrated that cell viability was inhibited, compared with the control, which indicated that severe injury of cells was induced by OA. However, when the cells were pre‑treated with Hyp prior to treatment with OA (drug group), the levels of ROS and H2O2, and the activities of NADPH oxidase and LD were increased, and the adhesion of calcium oxalate crystals to cells was reduced, compared with the OA group. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the protein and mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) and NAD(P)H: quinineoxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in the Hyp groups were significantly increased, compared with those in the OA group, with the exception of Nrf2 mRNA. These results suggested that Hyp had a marked protective effect on renal cells against the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity simulated by OA. This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, demonstrating that the ability of Hyp to enhance the endogenous functions of antioxidation and detoxification in cells may involve the Nrf2/HO‑1/NQO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Chen
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Ye
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, P.R. China
| | - Wangjian Li
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, P.R. China
| | - Dongzhang Li
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, P.R. China
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Okada A, Hamamoto S, Taguchi K, Unno R, Sugino T, Ando R, Mizuno K, Tozawa K, Kohri K, Yasui T. Kidney stone formers have more renal parenchymal crystals than non-stone formers, particularly in the papilla region. BMC Urol 2018. [PMID: 29530009 PMCID: PMC5848581 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-018-0331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the renoprotective ability of healthy people against kidney stone formation. To clarify intratubular crystal kinetics and processing in human kidneys, we performed a quantitative and morphological observation of nephrectomized renal parenchyma tissues. METHODS Clinical data and pathological samples from 60 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cancer were collected from June 2004 to June 2010. The patients were retrospectively classified as stone formers (SFs; n = 30, kidney stones detected by preoperative computed tomography) and non-stone formers (NSFs; n = 30, no kidney stone history). The morphology of parenchymal intratubular crystals and kidney stone-related gene and protein expression levels were examined in noncancerous renal sections from both groups. RESULTS SFs had a higher smoking rate (P = 0.0097); lower red blood cell, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values; and higher urinary red blood cell, white blood cell, and bacterial counts than NSFs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed calcium-containing crystal deposits and crystal attachment to the renal tubular lumen in both groups. Both groups demonstrated crystal transmigration from the tubular lumen to the interstitium. The crystal diffusion analysis indicated a significantly higher crystal existing ratio in the medulla and papilla of SFs and a significantly higher number of papillary crystal deposits in SFs than NSFs. The expression analysis indicated relatively high osteopontin and CD68, low superoxide dismutase, and significantly lower Tamm-Horsfall protein expression levels in SFs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis involving the above factors found the presence of renal papillary crystals as a significant independent factor related to SFs (odds ratio 5.55, 95% confidence interval 1.08-37.18, P = 0.0395). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of stone formation, intratubular crystals in the renal parenchyma seem to transmigrate to the interstitium. SFs may have reduced ability to eliminate renal parenchymal crystals, particularly those in the papilla region, than NSFs with associated gene expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okada
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Shuzo Hamamoto
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazumi Taguchi
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Rei Unno
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Teruaki Sugino
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mizuno
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tozawa
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kohri
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasui
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
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Abstract
Kidney stone disease is a crystal concretion formed usually within the kidneys. It is an increasing urological disorder of human health, affecting about 12% of the world population. It has been associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal failure. The etiology of kidney stone is multifactorial. The most common type of kidney stone is calcium oxalate formed at Randall's plaque on the renal papillary surfaces. The mechanism of stone formation is a complex process which results from several physicochemical events including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention of urinary stone constituents within tubular cells. These steps are modulated by an imbalance between factors that promote or inhibit urinary crystallization. It is also noted that cellular injury promotes retention of particles on renal papillary surfaces. The exposure of renal epithelial cells to oxalate causes a signaling cascade which leads to apoptosis by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Currently, there is no satisfactory drug to cure and/or prevent kidney stone recurrences. Thus, further understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney stone formation is a research area to manage urolithiasis using new drugs. Therefore, this review has intended to provide a compiled up-to-date information on kidney stone etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention approaches.
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Panigrahi PN, Dey S, Sahoo M, Dan A. Antiurolithiatic and antioxidant efficacy of Musa paradisiaca pseudostem on ethylene glycol-induced nephrolithiasis in rat. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 49:77-83. [PMID: 28458427 PMCID: PMC5351243 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.201026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Musa paradisiaca has been used in the treatment of urolithiasis by the rural people in South India. Therefore, we plan to evaluate its efficacy and possible mechanism of antiurolithiatic effect to rationalize its medicinal use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urolithiasis was induced in hyperoxaluric rat model by giving 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) for 28 days along with 1% ammonium chloride (AC) for the first 14 days. Antiurolithiatic effect of aqueous-ethanol extract of M. paradisiaca pseudostem (MUSA) was evaluated based on urine and serum biochemistry, microscopy of urine, oxidative/nitrosative indices, kidney calcium content, and histopathology. RESULTS Administration of EG and AC resulted in increased crystalluria and oxaluria, hypercalciuria, polyuria, crystal deposition in urine, raised serum urea, and creatinine as well as nitric oxide concentration and erythrocytic lipid peroxidation in lithiatic group. However, MUSA treatment significantly restored the impairment in above kidney function test as that of standard treatment, cystone in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrate the efficacy of MUSA in EG-induced urolithiasis, which might be mediated through inhibiting various pathways involved in renal calcium oxalate formation, antioxidant effect, and potential to inhibit biochemical markers of renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Nibash Panigrahi
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sahadeb Dey
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ananya Dan
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yuan XP, Liu LS, Chen CB, Zhou J, Zheng YT, Wang XP, Han M, Wang CX. MicroRNA-423-5p facilitates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells by targeting GSTM1 via endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82064-82077. [PMID: 29137244 PMCID: PMC5669870 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that microRNAs (miRs) can regulate renal response to acute injury and members of them are believed to be important in maintenance of renal function and development of renal injury. We investigated the actions of microRNA-423-5p (miR-423-5p) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) M1 after acute kidney injury. MiR-423-5p was up-regulated and GSTM1 was down-regulated in human kidney (HK-2) cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and in rat kidneys subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Dual luciferase assays revealed miR-423-5p binding to the 3′ untranslated region of GSTM1. Proliferation was lower and apoptosis, ER stress and oxidative stress were all higher in H/R-treated HK-2 cells transfected with or without miR-423-5p mimics and GSTM1 siRNA than in the same cells transfected with miR-423-5p inhibitors and a GSTM1 expression vector. Increased miR-423-5p and decreased GSTM1 mRNA and protein levels were observed in rat kidneys on days 1, 2 and 7 after I/R. Levels had normalized by days 14 and 21. On day 3 after treatment, rats receiving I/R or I/R plus miR-423-5p mimics exhibited higher serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels than rats receiving I/R plus a miR-423-5p inhibitor. MiR-423-5p and lower GSTM1 mRNA and protein levels were higher in the I/R and I/R plus miR-423-5p mimic groups than in the I/R plus miR-423-5p inhibitors group. These findings demonstrate that after acute kidney injury, miR-423-5p induces ER stress and oxidative stress by inhibiting GSTM1and suppresses repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Yuan
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Long-Shan Liu
- 2nd Division of Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Bao Chen
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Zheng
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Ming Han
- 3rd Division of Organ Transplant Center, Eastern Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Xi Wang
- 2nd Division of Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
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Panigrahi PN, Dey S, Sahoo M, Choudhary SS, Mahajan S. Alteration in Oxidative/nitrosative imbalance, histochemical expression of osteopontin and antiurolithiatic efficacy of Xanthium strumarium (L.) in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1524-1532. [PMID: 27876212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthium strumarium has traditionally been used in the treatment of urolitiasis especially by the rural people in India, but its antiurolithiatic efficacy was not explored scientifically till now. Therefore, the present study was designed to validate the ethnic practice scientifically, and explore the possible antiurolithiatic effect to rationalize its medicinal use. Urolitiasis was induced in hyperoxaluric rat model by giving 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) for 28days along with 1% ammonium chloride (AC) for first 14days. Antiurolithiatic effect of aqueous-ethanol extract of Xanthium strumarium bur (xanthium) was evaluated based on urine and serum biochemistry, oxidative/nitrosative stress indices, histopathology, kidney calcium and calcium oxalate content and immunohistochemical expression of matrix glycoprotein, osteopontin (OPN). Administration of EG and AC resulted in hyperoxaluria, crystalluria, hypocalciuria, polyurea, raised serum urea, creatinine, erythrocytic lipid peroxidise and nitric oxide, kidney calcium content as well as crystal deposition in kidney section in lithiatic group rats. However, xanthium treatment significantly restored the impairment in above kidney function test as that of standard treatment, cystone. The up-regulation of OPN was also significantly decreased after xanthium treatment. The present findings demonstrate the curative efficacy of xanthium in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis, possibly mediated through inhibition of various pathways involved in renal calcium oxalate formation, antioxidant property and down regulation of matrix glycoprotein, OPN. Therefore, future studies may be established to evaluate its efficacy and safety for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Nibash Panigrahi
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India; Division of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India.
| | - Sahadeb Dey
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Choudhary
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Sumit Mahajan
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
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Sun XY, Ouyang JM, Bhadja P, Gui Q, Peng H, Liu J. Protective Effects of Degraded Soybean Polysaccharides on Renal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Oxidative Damage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7911-7920. [PMID: 27701856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of degraded soybean polysaccharides (DSP) on oxidatively damaged African green monkey kidney epithelial (Vero) cells. Low DSP concentration (10 μg/mL) elicited an evident protective effect on H2O2-induced cell injury (0.3 mmol/L). The cell viabilities of the H2O2-treated group and the DSP-protected group were 57.3 and 93.1%, respectively. The cell viability decreased to 88.3% when the dosage was increased to 100 μg/mL. DSP protected Vero cells from H2O2-mediated oxidative damage by enhancing cellular superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity and by decreasing malonaldehyde content and lactate dehydrogenase release. The H2O2-treated cells stimulated the aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals. DSP could also reduce the crystal size, decrease the attached crystal content, and prevent the cell aggregation by alleviating oxidative injury and lipid peroxidation, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and decreasing hyaluronan expression on cellular surfaces. The internalization ability of the injured cells was improved after these cells were exposed to DSP solution. The regulation ability of DSP-repaired cells on calcium oxalate dihydrate formation, crystal attachment, aggregation, and internalization was lower than that of normal cells but was higher than that of the injured cells. DSP may be a potential green drug to prevent calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation because DSP could protect cells from oxidative damage and inhibit CaOx crystal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Poonam Bhadja
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qin Gui
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hua Peng
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
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Fong‐ngern K, Vinaiphat A, Thongboonkerd V. Microvillar injury in renal tubular epithelial cells induced by calcium oxalate crystal and the protective role of epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate. FASEB J 2016; 31:120-131. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600543r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kedsarin Fong‐ngern
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and DevelopmentFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital Bangkok Thailand
- Center for Research in Complex Systems ScienceMahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Arada Vinaiphat
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and DevelopmentFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital Bangkok Thailand
- Center for Research in Complex Systems ScienceMahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and DevelopmentFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital Bangkok Thailand
- Center for Research in Complex Systems ScienceMahidol University Bangkok Thailand
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Yasui T, Okada A, Hamamoto S, Ando R, Taguchi K, Tozawa K, Kohri K. Pathophysiology-based treatment of urolithiasis. Int J Urol 2016; 24:32-38. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yasui
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Atsushi Okada
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Shuzo Hamamoto
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kazumi Taguchi
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Keiichi Tozawa
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kohri
- Department of Nephro-urology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
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EGCG decreases binding of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals onto renal tubular cells via decreased surface expression of alpha-enolase. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:339-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang JT, Jiao P, Zhou Y, Liu Q. Protective Effect of Dihydromyricetin Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in a Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:454-9. [PMID: 26866356 PMCID: PMC4754091 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study investigated the effect of dihydromyricetin (DHM) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury in a rat model. Material/Methods Kidney injury was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of LPS through the tail vein. The rats were treated with 5 μg/kg body weight DHM within 12 h of the LPS administration. The urine of the rats was collected over a period of 48 h for determination of calcium and creatinine concentrations. Blood urea nitrogen in the serum was analyzed using a BC-2800 Vet Animal Auto Biochemistry Analyzer. On day 3 after treatment, the rats were sacrificed to extract the kidneys. Results Treatment of the endotoxemia rats with DHM caused a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the level of kidney injury molecule-1 and blood urea nitrogen. DHM treatment significantly (P<0.05) decreased the level of calcium in the kidney tissues compared to those of the untreated endotoxemia rats. The level of malonaldehyde (MDA) in the kidney tissues was significantly reduced in the endotoxemia rats by DHM treatment. The results from immunohistochemistry reveled a significant decrease in the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and CD44 levels. The endotoxemia rats showed significantly higher levels of TUNEL-positive stained nuclei compared to the normal controls. However, treatment of the endotoxemia rats with DHM resulted in a significant decrease in the population of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusions DHM may be a promising candidate for the treatment of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Tao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Jiao
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Yun Zhou
- Institute of Nephrology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qian Liu
- , Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan, China (mainland)
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Adhesion and internalization differences of COM nanocrystals on Vero cells before and after cell damage. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:286-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sun XY, Gan QZ, Ouyang JM. Calcium oxalate toxicity in renal epithelial cells: the mediation of crystal size on cell death mode. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15055. [PMID: 27551481 PMCID: PMC4979418 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in renal epithelial cells has been studied extensively, but the cell death mode induced by CaOx with different physical properties, such as crystal size and crystal phase, has not been studied in detail. In this study, we comparatively investigated the differences of cell death mode induced by nano-sized (50 nm) and micron-sized (10 μm) calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) to explore the cell death mechanism. The effect of the exposure of nano-/micron-sized COM and COD crystals toward the African green monkey renal epithelial (Vero) cells were investigated by detecting cell cytoskeleton changes, lysosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), apoptosis and/or necrosis, osteopontin (OPN) expression, and malondialdehyde (MDA) release. Nano-/micron-sized COM and COD crystals could cause apoptosis and necrosis simultaneously. Nano-sized crystals primarily caused apoptotic cell death, leading to cell shrinkage, phosphatidylserine ectropion, and nuclear shrinkage, whereas micron-sized crystals primarily caused necrotic cell death, leading to cell swelling and cell membrane and lysosome rupture. Nano-sized COM and COD crystals induced much greater cell death (sum of apoptosis and necrosis) than micron-sized crystals, and COM crystals showed higher cytotoxicity than the same-sized COD crystals. Both apoptosis and necrosis could lead to mitochondria depolarization and elevate the expression of OPN and the generation of lipid peroxidation product MDA. The amount of expressed OPN and generated MDA was positively related to cell injury degree. The physicochemical properties of crystals could affect the cell death mode. The results of this study may provide a basis for future studies on cell death mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Q-Z Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - J-M Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Lai Q, Wei J, Mahmoodurrahman M, Zhang C, Quan S, Li T, Yu Y. Pharmacokinetic and nephroprotective benefits of using Schisandra chinensis extracts in a cyclosporine A-based immune-suppressive regime. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:4997-5018. [PMID: 26355803 PMCID: PMC4560515 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s89876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressive drug. However, nephrotoxicity resulting from its long-term usage has hampered its prolonged therapeutic usage. Schisandra chinensis extracts (SCE) have previously been used in traditional Chinese medicine and more recently coadministered with Western medicine for the treatment of CsA-induced side effects in the People’s Republic of China. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of SCE on the pharmacokinetics of CsA in rats and elucidate the potential mechanisms by which it hinders the development of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for determining the effect of SCE on the pharmacokinetics of CsA. Male Sprague Dawley rats, which were administered with CsA (25 mg/kg/d) alone or in combination with SCE (54 mg/kg/d and 108 mg/kg/d) for 28 days, were used to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of SCE. Our study showed that SCE increased the mean blood concentration of CsA. Furthermore, we found that the concomitant administration of SCE alongside CsA prevented the disruption of catalase activity and reduction in creatinine, urea, renal malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase levels that would have otherwise occurred in the absence of SCE administration. SCE treatment markedly suppressed the expression of 4-hydroxynonenal, Bcl-2-associated X protein, cleaved caspase 3, and autophagy-related protein LC3 A/B. On the other hand, the expression of heme oxygenase-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and P-glycoprotein was enhanced by the very same addition of SCE. SCE was also able to increase the systemic exposure of CsA in rats. The renoprotective effects of SCE were thought to be mediated by its antiapoptotic and antioxidant abilities, which caused the attenuation of CsA-induced autophagic cell death. All in all, these findings suggest the prospective use of SCE as an effective adjunct in a CsA-based immunosuppressive regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Lai
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Wei
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Chenxue Zhang
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijian Quan
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongming Li
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Chen W, Peng Z, Liu C, Zhang C, Guo Z. Vorinostat protects against calcium oxalate-induced kidney injury in mice. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4291-4297. [PMID: 26095064 PMCID: PMC4526060 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, vorinostat (SAHA), on renal function in a calcium oxalate crystal mouse model, and to investigate the mechanism underlying the renoprotective effect of SAHA. Calcium oxalate crystal formation was induced in 8 week-old male C57BL/6 mice by administering 100 mg/kg glyoxylate for 7 days. A total of 24 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group and the following experimental groups: 50 mg/kg normal saline + 100 mg/kg glyoxylate; 50 mg/kg dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 100 mg/kg glyoxylate; and 50 mg/kg SAHA + 100 mg/kg glyoxylate. The mice in each of the experimental groups were injected with the saline, DMSO or SAHA into their abdominal cavities 6 h prior to the glyoxylate injection. The mice were sacrificed after 7 days, following which blood and urine samples were collected. The kidneys were harvested to analyze the levels of calcium concentrations and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase. Immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative analyses were performed to detect the expression levels of osteopontin (OPN) and CD44. Renal tubular cell apoptosis was detectedusing a TUNEL assay. The concentrations of calcium and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased in the SAHA group, and calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney tissue and the expression levels of OPN and CD44 in the SAHA group were lower, compared with the other experimental groups. SAHA significantly reduced the urinary excretion of KIM-1 and renal tubular cell apoptosis. In conclusion, SAHA reduced calcium oxalate crystal deposition and protected against kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjiang Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Sodium thiosulfate ameliorates oxidative stress and preserves renal function in hyperoxaluric rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124881. [PMID: 25928142 PMCID: PMC4415920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperoxaluria causes crystal deposition in the kidney, which leads to oxidative stress and to injury and damage of the renal epithelium. Sodium thiosulfate (STS, Na2S2O3) is an anti-oxidant, which has been used in human medicine for decades. The effect of STS on hyperoxaluria-induced renal damage is not known. Methods Hyperoxaluria and renal injury were induced in healthy male Wistar rats by chronic exposure to ethylene glycol (EG, 0.75%) in the drinking water for 4 weeks. The treatment effects of STS, NaCl or Na2SO4 were compared. Furthermore, the effects of STS on oxalate-induced oxidative stress were investigated in vitro in renal LLC-PK1 cells. Results Chronic EG exposure led to hyperoxaluria, oxidative stress, calcium oxalate crystalluria and crystal deposition in the kidneys. Whereas all tested compounds significantly reduced crystal load, only STS-treatment maintained tissue superoxide dismutase activity and urine 8-isoprostaglandin levels in vivo and preserved renal function. In in vitro studies, STS showed the ability to scavenge oxalate-induced ROS accumulation dose dependently, reduced cell-released hydrogen peroxide and preserved superoxide dismutase activity. As a mechanism explaining this finding, STS was able to directly inactivate hydrogen peroxide in cell-free experiments. Conclusions STS is an antioxidant, which preserves renal function in a chronic EG rat model. Its therapeutic use in oxidative-stress induced renal-failure should be considered.
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Niimi K, Yasui T, Okada A, Hirose Y, Kubota Y, Umemoto Y, Kawai N, Tozawa K, Kohri K. Novel effect of the inhibitor of mitochondrial cyclophilin D activation, N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin, on renal calcium crystallization. Int J Urol 2014; 21:707-13. [PMID: 24661223 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To experimentally evaluate the clinical application of N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin, a novel selective inhibitor of cyclophilin D activation. METHODS In vitro, cultured renal tubular cells were exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals and treated with N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin. The mitochondrial membrane was stained with tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate and observed. In vivo, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a control group, an ethylene glycol group (administration of ethylene glycol to induce renal calcium crystallization), a N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin group (administration of N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin) and an ethylene glycol + N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin group (administration of ethylene glycol and N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin). Renal calcium crystallization was evaluated using Pizzolato staining. Oxidative stress was evaluated using superoxide dismutase and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine. Mitochondria within renal tubular cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using cleaved caspase-3. RESULTS In vitro, calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, which was remarkably prevented by N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin. In vivo, ethylene glycol administration induced renal calcium crystallization, oxidative stress, mitochondrial collapse and cell apoptosis in rats, which were significantly prevented by N-methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin. CONCLUSIONS Herein we first report a new treatment agent determining renal calcium crystallization through cyclophilin D activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Niimi
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Liang L, Li L, Tian J, Lee SO, Dang Q, Huang CK, Yeh S, Erturk E, Bushinsky D, Chang LS, He D, Chang C. Androgen receptor enhances kidney stone-CaOx crystal formation via modulation of oxalate biosynthesis & oxidative stress. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1291-303. [PMID: 24956378 PMCID: PMC4116591 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Males develop kidney stones far more frequently than females with a ratio of 2–3:1, suggesting that androgen receptor (AR) signaling might play a key role in the development of nephrolithiasis. Using the cre-loxP system to selectively knock out AR in glyoxylate-induced calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal mouse models, we found that the mice lacking hepatic AR had less oxalate biosynthesis, which might lead to lower CaOx crystal formation, and that the mice lacking kidney proximal or distal epithelial AR also had lower CaOx crystal formation. We found that AR could directly up-regulate hepatic glycolate oxidase and kidney epithelial NADPH oxidase subunit p22-PHOX at the transcriptional level. This up-regulation might then increase oxalate biosynthesis and oxidative stress that resulted in induction of kidney tubular injury. Targeting AR with the AR degradation enhancer ASC-J9 led to suppression of CaOx crystal formation via modulation of oxalate biosynthesis and oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Taken together, these results established the roles of AR in CaOx crystal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Sex Hormone Research Center (L.Liang, L.Li, Q.D., L.S.C., D.H.), Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; George H. Whipple Laboratory for Cancer Research (L.Liang, L.Li, J.T., S.O.L., Q.D., C.-K.H., S.Y., E.E., D.B., C.C.), Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Sex Hormone Research Center (C.C.), China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Increased crystal–cell interaction in vitro under co-culture of renal tubular cells and adipocytes by in vitro co-culture paracrine systems simulating metabolic syndrome. Urolithiasis 2013; 42:17-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00240-013-0612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kohri K, Yasui T, Okada A, Hirose M, Hamamoto S, Fujii Y, Niimi K, Taguchi K. Biomolecular mechanism of urinary stone formation involving osteopontin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 40:623-37. [PMID: 23124115 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-012-0514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Urinary stones consist of two phases-an inorganic (mineral) phase and an organic (matrix) phase. Studies on the organic components of kidney stones have been undertaken later than those on the inorganic components. After osteopontin was identified as one of the matrix components, the biomolecular mechanism of urinary stone formation became clearer. It also triggered the development of new preventive treatments. Osteopontin expression is sporadically observed in normal distal tubular cells and is markedly increased in stone-forming kidneys. Calcium oxalate crystals adhering to renal tubular cells are incorporated into cells by the involvement of osteopontin. Stimulation of crystal-cell adhesion impairs the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) in tubular cells and produces oxidative stress, apoptosis, and osteopontin expression. Macrophages phagocytose and digest a small amount of crystals, but many crystals aggregate into a mass containing osteopontin and epithelial cell debris and are excreted into the renal tubular lumen, becoming nuclei of urinary stones. This biomolecular mechanism is similar to atherosclerotic calcification. Based on these findings, new preventive treatments have been developed. Dietary control such as low-cholesterol intake and the ingestion of antioxidative foods and vegetables have successfully reduced the 5-year recurrence rate. Osteopontin antibodies and cyclosporine A, which blocks the opening of mPTP, have markedly inhibited the expression of osteopontin and urinary stone formation in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Kohri
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
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Niimi K, Yasui T, Hirose M, Hamamoto S, Itoh Y, Okada A, Kubota Y, Kojima Y, Tozawa K, Sasaki S, Hayashi Y, Kohri K. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening induces the initial process of renal calcium crystallization. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:1207-17. [PMID: 22285391 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubular cell injury induced by oxidative stress via mitochondrial collapse is thought to be the initial process of renal calcium crystallization. Mitochondrial collapse is generally caused by mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, which can be blocked by cyclosporine A (CsA). Definitive evidence for the involvement of mPTP opening in the initial process of renal calcium crystallization, however, is lacking. In this study, we examined the physiological role of mPTP opening in renal calcium crystallization in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, cultured renal tubular cells were exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals and treated with CsA (2 μM). COM crystals induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and generated oxidative stress as evaluated by Cu-Zn SOD and 4-HNE. Furthermore, the expression of cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3 was increased and these effects were prevented by CsA. In the in vivo study, Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1% ethylene glycol (EG) to generate a rat kidney stone model and then treated with CsA (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. EG administration induced renal calcium crystallization, which was prevented by CsA. Mitochondrial collapse was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy, and oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring Cu-Zn SOD, MDA, and 8-OHdG generated by EG administration, all of which were prevented by CsA. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence for a role of mPTP opening and its associated mitochondrial collapse, oxidative stress, and activation of the apoptotic pathway in the initial process of renal calcium crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Niimi
- Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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