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Ezaki A, Yano H, Pan C, Fujiwara Y, Anami T, Ibe Y, Motoshima T, Yatsuda J, Esumi S, Miura Y, Kamba T, Komohara Y. Potential protumor function of CD74 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1535-1543. [PMID: 39080216 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01110-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
CD74 is a transmembrane protein that functions as a specialized chaperone of HLA class II and CD74 in tumor cells was suggested to be involved in cell proliferation in several kinds of malignant tumors. CD74 is also known to be expressed in macrophages, therefore, we investigated the CD74 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Immunohistochemistry of CD74 indicated that CD74 was expressed not only in cancer cells but also macrophages. CD74 was detected in surface membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells in 92 of 94 cases (98%) and of 87 of 94 cases (93%). CD74 was expressed both in cancer cells and TAMs in 86 of 94 cases (91%). In vitro studies using cancer cell lines and monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated by anti-CD74 antibodies showed that CD74 signal accelerated cancer cell proliferation and macrophage activation. However, macrophage activation via CD74 signal did not influence macrophage-mediated cancer cell growth. RNA-sequence of macrophages stimulated by anti-CD74 antibodies indicated that CD74 signal was associated to inflammatory responses in macrophages. In conclusion, we examined the expression and functional significance of CD74 in ccRCC using tissue specimens and cell culture studies. The function of CD74 was suggested to be different in cancer cells and in macrophages, and further studies are necessary to clarify the functional significance of CD74 in ccRCC.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/physiology
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Macrophage Activation/genetics
- Gene Expression/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Ezaki
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Toshiki Anami
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Ibe
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takanobu Motoshima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junji Yatsuda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Esumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Miura
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Valdez CN, Sánchez-Zuno GA, Bucala R, Tran TT. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4849. [PMID: 38732068 PMCID: PMC11084905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovered as inflammatory cytokines, MIF and DDT exhibit widespread expression and have emerged as critical mediators in the response to infection, inflammation, and more recently, in cancer. In this comprehensive review, we provide details on their structures, binding partners, regulatory mechanisms, and roles in cancer. We also elaborate on their significant impact in driving tumorigenesis across various cancer types, supported by extensive in vitro, in vivo, bioinformatic, and clinical studies. To date, only a limited number of clinical trials have explored MIF as a therapeutic target in cancer patients, and DDT has not been evaluated. The ongoing pursuit of optimal strategies for targeting MIF and DDT highlights their potential as promising antitumor candidates. Dual inhibition of MIF and DDT may allow for the most effective suppression of canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways, warranting further investigations and clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Naomi Valdez
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Richard Bucala
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thuy T. Tran
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Suzuki A, Nojima S, Tahara S, Motooka D, Kohara M, Okuzaki D, Hirokawa M, Morii E. Identification of invasive subpopulations using spatial transcriptome analysis in thyroid follicular tumors. J Pathol Transl Med 2024; 58:22-28. [PMID: 38229431 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2023.11.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follicular tumors include follicular thyroid adenomas and carcinomas; however, it is difficult to distinguish between the two when the cytology or biopsy material is obtained from a portion of the tumor. The presence or absence of invasion in the resected material is used to differentiate between adenomas and carcinomas, which often results in the unnecessary removal of the adenomas. If nodules that may be follicular thyroid carcinomas are identified preoperatively, active surveillance of other nodules as adenomas is possible, which reduces the risk of surgical complications and the expenses incurred during medical treatment. Therefore, we aimed to identify biomarkers in the invasive subpopulation of follicular tumor cells. METHODS We performed a spatial transcriptome analysis of a case of follicular thyroid carcinoma and examined the dynamics of CD74 expression in 36 cases. RESULTS We identified a subpopulation in a region close to the invasive area, and this subpopulation expressed high levels of CD74. Immunohistochemically, CD74 was highly expressed in the invasive and peripheral areas of the tumor. CONCLUSIONS Although high CD74 expression has been reported in papillary and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, it has not been analyzed in follicular thyroid carcinomas. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of CD74 expression in thyroid tumors has not yet been reported. The CD74-positive subpopulation identified in this study may be useful in predicting invasion of follicular thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nojima
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Tahara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kohara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Zhang S, Li N, Wang F, Liu H, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Qiu W, Zhang C, Fan X, Qiu M, Li M, Tang H, Fan S, Wang J, Luo H, Li X, Lin J, Huang Y, Liang L. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment and identification of spatially predictive biomarkers associated with beneficial neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106974. [PMID: 37898442 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, 20-40% of patients with LARC show little to no response to nCRT. Thus, comprehensively understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME), which might influence therapeutic efficacy, and identifying robust predictive biomarkers is urgently needed. Pre-treatment tumor biopsy specimens from patients with LARC were evaluated in detail through digital spatial profiling (DSP), public RNA sequencing datasets, and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF). DSP analysis revealed distinct characteristics of the tumor stroma compared to the normal stroma and tumor compartments. We identified high levels of human leukocyte antigen-DR/major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR/MHC-II) in the tumor compartment and B cells in the stroma as potential spatial predictors of nCRT efficacy in the Discovery cohort. Public datasets validated their predictive capacity for clinical outcomes. Using mIF in an independent nCRT cohort and/or the total cohort, we validated that a high density of HLA-DR/MHC-II+ cells in the tumor and CD20 + B cells in the stroma was associated with nCRT efficacy (all p ≤ 0.021). Spatial profiling successfully characterized the LARC TME and identified robust biomarkers with the potential to accurately predict nCRT response. These findings have important implications for individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Na Li
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jinyuan Xiao
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Weihao Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ceng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xinjuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Mingxin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongzhen Tang
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shiheng Fan
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiaqian Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Haitao Luo
- Shenzhen Engineering Center for Translational Medicine of Precision Cancer Immunodiagnosis and Therapy, YuceBio Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiangzhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China.
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Balakrishnan CK, Tye GJ, Balasubramaniam SD, Kaur G. CD74 and HLA-DRA in Cervical Carcinogenesis: Potential Targets for Antitumour Therapy. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020190. [PMID: 35208514 PMCID: PMC8877221 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Abnormal expressions of CD74 and human leukocyte antigen-DR alpha (HLA-DRA) have been reported in various cancers, though their roles in cervical cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the gene and protein expressions of CD74 and HLA-DRA in the progression from normal cervix to precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and finally to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Materials and Methods: The gene expression profiles of CD74 and HLA-DRA were determined in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, with three samples each from normal cervixes, human papillomavirus type 16/18-positive, low-grade CIN (LGCIN), high-grade CIN (HGCIN), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using Human Transcriptome Array 2.0. Immunohistochemical expression of the proteins was semi-quantitatively assessed in another cohort of tissue microarray samples comprising 7 normal cervix cases, 10 LGCIN, 10 HGCIN, and 95 SCC. Results: The transcriptomics profile and proteins’ expression demonstrated similar trends of upregulation of CD74 and HLA-DRA from normal cervix to CIN and highest in SCC. There was a significant difference in both proteins’ expression between the histological groups (p = 0.0001). CD74 and HLA-DRA expressions were significantly associated with CIN grade (p = 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively) but not with the subjects’ age or SCC stage. Further analysis revealed a positive correlation between CD74 and HLA-DRA proteins. Conclusions: CD74 appears to promote cervical carcinogenesis via oncogenic signalling mechanisms and may serve as a potential antitumour target. Additionally, the upregulation of HLA-DRA, often associated with stronger immunogenicity, could be a promising biomarker for developing immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol K. Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (C.K.B.); (G.J.T.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (C.K.B.); (G.J.T.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Shandra Devi Balasubramaniam
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (C.K.B.); (G.J.T.); (S.D.B.)
- Unit of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Semeling, Malaysia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (C.K.B.); (G.J.T.); (S.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +604-6534865
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Master Regulators of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and WNT Signaling Pathways in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091258. [PMID: 34572445 PMCID: PMC8469518 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare fibrovascular benign tumor showing an invasive growth pattern and affecting mainly male adolescents. We investigated the role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and WNT signaling pathways in JNA. Gene expression profiles using nine JNA paired with four inferior nasal turbinate samples were interrogated using a customized 2.3K microarray platform containing genes mainly involved in EMT and WNT/PI3K pathways. The expression of selected genes (BCL2, CAV1, CD74, COL4A2, FZD7, ING1, LAMB1, and RAC2) and proteins (BCL2, CAV1, CD74, FZD7, RAF1, WNT5A, and WNT5B) was investigated by RT-qPCR (28 cases) and immunohistochemistry (40 cases), respectively. Among 104 differentially expressed genes, we found a significantly increased expression of COL4A2 and LAMB1 and a decreased expression of BCL2 and RAC2 by RT-qPCR. The immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a low expression of BCL2 and a negative to moderate expression of FZD7 in most samples, while increased CAV1 and RAF1 expression were detected. Moderate to strong CD74 protein expression was observed in endothelial and inflammatory cells. A significant number of JNAs (78%) presented reduced WNT5A and increased WNT5B expression. Overall, the transcript and protein profile indicated the involvement of EMT and WNT pathways in JNA. These candidates are promising druggable targets for treating JNA.
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Grading of Urothelial Carcinoma and The New “World Health Organisation Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs 2016”. Eur Urol Focus 2019; 5:457-466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Dong W, Shi J, Yuan T, Qi B, Yu J, Dai J, He L. Antibody-drug conjugates of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin: Sacituzumab govitecan and labetuzumab govitecan. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 167:583-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Penticuff JC, Woolbright BL, Sielecki TM, Weir SJ, Taylor JA. MIF family proteins in genitourinary cancer: tumorigenic roles and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16:318-328. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Gai JW, Wahafu W, Song L, Ping H, Wang M, Yang F, Niu Y, Qing W, Xing N. Expression of CD74 in bladder cancer and its suppression in association with cancer proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in HT-1376 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7631-7638. [PMID: 29731899 PMCID: PMC5920967 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and potential roles of CD74 in human urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) in vitro and in vivo. CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were located and assayed in normal and UCB samples and cell lines using immunostaining. CD74 was knocked down using CD74 shRNA lentiviral particles in HT-1376 cells. The proliferative, invasive potential and microvessel density (MVD) of knockdown-CD74 HT-1376 cells were analyzed in vitro or in vivo. The expression of CD74 in an additional high grade UCB J82 cell line was also verified in vivo. All experiments were repeated at least 3 times. The majority of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) samples, and only one high grade UCB cell line, HT-1376, expressed CD74, compared with normal, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) samples and other cell lines. The levels of proliferation and invasion were decreased in the CD74 knockdown-HT-1376 cells, and western blotting assay indicated that the levels of proteins associated with proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in the cells were affected correspondingly by different treatments in vitro. The tumorigenesis and MVD assays indicated less proliferation and angiogenesis in the knockdown-HT-1376 cells compared with the scramble cells. Notably, J82 cells exhibiting no signal of CD74 in vitro presented the expression of CD74 in vivo. The present study revealed the potential roles of CD74 in the proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of MIBC, and that it may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UCB, but additional studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Wei Gai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300191, P.R. China
| | - Wasilijiang Wahafu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Liming Song
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Hao Ping
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Mingshuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Feiya Yang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yinong Niu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Liu YH, Lin JY. Recent advances of cluster of differentiation 74 in cancer. World J Immunol 2014; 4:174-184. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v4.i3.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74) performs multiple roles in B cells, T cells, and antigen-presenting cells within the immune system; it also participates in major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted antigen presentation and inflammation. Recently, a role for CD74 in carcinogenesis has been described. CD74 promotes cell proliferation and motility and prevents cell death in a macrophage migration inhibitory factor-dependent manner. Its roles as an accessory signal receptor on the cell surface and the ability to interact with other signaling molecules make CD74 an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. This review focuses on the original role of CD74 in the immune system and its emerging tumor-related functions. First, the structure of CD74 will be summarized. Second, the current understandings about the expression, cellular localization, molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of CD74 in immunity and cancer will be reviewed. Third, the examples that suggest CD74 is a promising molecular therapeutic target are reviewed and discussed. Although the safety and efficacy of CD74-targeted strategies are under development, deeply understanding of the regulation of CD74 will hold promise for the use of CD74 as a therapeutic target and may develop the CD74-targeted therapeutic agents such as neutralized antibody and compounds.
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12
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Kindt N, Lechien JR, Nonclercq D, Laurent G, Saussez S. Involvement of CD74 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:937-47. [PMID: 24663824 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been extensively studied in the context of inflammation and inflammatory disorders, less work has been devoted to its involvement in cancer, notably in neoplastic progression. In a previous study, we have found evidence that MIF plays a role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The current investigations were undertaken in order to estimate the importance of the MIF receptor, CD74 in the progression of HNSCC. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cohort of 46 cases of oral cavity carcinomas, immunohistochemical staining revealed an increase in CD74 expression during progression from benign lesions to carcinoma. As shown by cell culture experiments using squamous carcinoma cell line (SCCVII) transduced with anti-CD74 shRNA, the amount of cell-produced VEGF was lower in SCCVII CD74KD cell line compared with control SCCVII CD74sc cell line, suggesting that CD74 could be implicated in angiogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of CD74 decreased proliferation of SCCVII cells in vitro. The migration of SCCVII cells, as well as the cell secretion of matrix metallopeptidase 9, was also negatively affected by CD74 knockdown. These observations in vitro were confirmed in an orthotopic mouse model of SCC where tumors produced by SCCVII CD74KD cell inoculation were found to grow more slowly than tumors generated by SCCVII CD74sc cells. CONCLUSION The clinical observations and experimental data reported here suggest that CD74, as well as MIF, plays a pivotal role in HNSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Kindt
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Pentagone 2A, 6 Ave du Champ de Mars, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Boyle DP, McCourt CM, Matchett KB, Salto-Tellez M. Molecular and clinicopathological markers of prognosis in breast cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2013; 13:481-98. [PMID: 23782255 DOI: 10.1586/erm.13.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A vast body of research in breast cancer prognostication has accumulated. Yet despite this, patients within current prognostic categories may have significantly different outcomes. There is a need to more accurately divide those cancer types associated with an excellent prognosis from those requiring more aggressive therapy. Gene expression array studies have revealed the numerous molecular breast cancer subtypes that are associated with differing outcomes. Furthermore, as next generation technologies evolve and further reveal the complexities of breast cancer, it is likely that existing prognostic approaches will become progressively refined. Future prognostication in breast cancer requires a morphomolecular, multifaceted approach involving the assessment of anatomical disease extent and levels of protein, DNA and RNA expression. One of the major challenges in prognostication will be the integration of potential assays into existing clinical systems and identification of appropriate patient subgroups for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Boyle
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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14
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Madka V, Zhang Y, Li Q, Mohammed A, Sindhwani P, Lightfoot S, Wu XR, Kopelovich L, Rao CV. p53-stabilizing agent CP-31398 prevents growth and invasion of urothelial cancer of the bladder in transgenic UPII-SV40T mice. Neoplasia 2013; 15:966-74. [PMID: 23908596 PMCID: PMC3730047 DOI: 10.1593/neo.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of bladder cancer and its recurrence make it an important target for chemoprevention. About half of invasive urothelial tumors have mutations in p53. We determined the chemopreventive efficacy of a p53-stabilizing agent, CP-31398, in a transgenic UPII-SV40T mouse model of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) that strongly resembles human TCC. After genotyping, six-week-old UPII-SV40T mice (n = 30/group) were fed control (AIN-76A) or experimental diets containing 150 or 300 ppm of CP-31398 for 34 weeks. Progression of bladder cancer growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. At 40 weeks of age, all mice were killed; urinary bladders were collected to determine weights, tumor incidence, and histopathology. There was a significant increase in bladder weights of transgenic versus wild-type mice (male: 140.2 mg vs 27.3 mg, P < .0001; female: 34.2 mg vs 14.8 mg, P < .0001). A significant decrease in the bladder tumor weights (by 68.6-80.2%, P < .0001 in males and by 36.9-55.3%, P < .0001 in females) was observed in CP-31398-treated mice. Invasive papillary TCC incidence was 100% in transgenic mice fed control diet. Both male and female mice exposed to CP-31398 showed inhibition of invasive TCC. CP-31398 (300 ppm) completely blocked invasion in female mice. Molecular analysis of the bladder tumors showed an increase in apoptosis markers (p53, p21, Bax, and Annexin V) with a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor in transgenic mice fed CP-31398. These results suggest that p53-modulating agents can serve as potential chemopreventive agents for bladder TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateshwar Madka
- Department of Medicine, Hem-Onc Section, PC Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Choudhary S, Hegde P, Pruitt JR, Sielecki TM, Choudhary D, Scarpato K, Degraff DJ, Pilbeam CC, Taylor JA. Macrophage migratory inhibitory factor promotes bladder cancer progression via increasing proliferation and angiogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2891-9. [PMID: 23825153 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migratory inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine shown to promote tumorigenesis. Using the N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) model of bladder cancer, we previously showed that MIF knockout mice display decreased angiogenesis and invasion compared with wild-type. This study examines the role of MIF in bladder cancer via use of oral inhibitors of MIF. In vitro, high-grade bladder cancer cells were treated with recombinant human MIF +/- (rhMIF+/-) inhibitor. Measurements included cell counts, proliferation by (3)H-thymidine incorporation (TdR), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation by western blot analysis, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by quantitative PCR and protein secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with rhMIF increased ERK phosphorylation, cell counts, TdR and mRNA expression and protein secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, which were blocked by specific inhibitors of ERK and MIF. In vivo, 3-month-old male C57Bl/6 mice were given BBN for 22 and 16 weeks in study 1 and study 2, respectively. Mice (n = 8-10 per group) were gavaged with vehicle or doses of MIF inhibitors daily from weeks 16-22 in both studies. Average bladder weights, reflecting tumor mass, tumor stage/burden, mitotic rate and proliferation indices, and microvessel densities were reduced in inhibitor groups versus controls. In summary, MIF promotes bladder cancer via increasing cell proliferation and angiogenesis and oral inhibitors of MIF may prove useful in treatment of this disease.
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Govindan SV, Cardillo TM, Sharkey RM, Tat F, Gold DV, Goldenberg DM. Milatuzumab-SN-38 conjugates for the treatment of CD74+ cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:968-78. [PMID: 23427296 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD74 is an attractive target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), because it internalizes and recycles after antibody binding. CD74 mostly is associated with hematologic tumors but is expressed also in solid cancers. Therefore, ADCs of the humanized anti-CD74 antibody, milatuzumab, were examined for the therapy of CD74-expressing solid tumors. Milatuzumab-doxorubicin and two milatuzumab-SN-38 conjugates with cleavable linkers, differing in their stability in serum and how they release SN-38 in the lysosome, were prepared. CD74 expression was determined by flow cytometry and immunohistology. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo therapeutic studies were conducted in the human cancer cell lines A-375 (melanoma), HuH-7 and Hep-G2 (hepatoma), Capan-1 (pancreatic), NCI-N87 (gastric), and Raji Burkitt lymphoma. The milatuzumab-SN-38 ADC was compared with SN-38 ADCs prepared with anti-Trop-2 and anti-CEACAM6 antibodies in xenografts expressing their target antigens. Milatuzumab-doxorubicin was most effective in the lymphoma model, whereas in A-375 and Capan-1 solid tumors, only milatuzumab-SN-38 showed a therapeutic benefit. Despite much lower surface expression of CD74 than Trop-2 or CEACAM6, milatuzumab-SN-38 had similar efficacy in Capan-1 as anti-Trop-2-SN-38, but in NCI-N87, anti-CEACAM6 and anti-Trop-2 conjugates were superior. Studies in two hepatoma lines at a single dose level showed significant benefit over saline controls but not against an irrelevant immunoglobulin G conjugate. CD74 is a suitable target for ADCs in some solid tumor xenografts, with efficacy largely influenced by uniformity of CD74 expression and with SN-38 conjugates providing the best therapeutic responses; SN-38 conjugates were preferable in solid cancers, whereas doxorubicin ADC was better in lymphoma tested.
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Gakis G. Editorial Comment to CD74 expression is increased in high-grade, invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Int J Urol 2012; 20:256-7. [PMID: 22934668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2012.03141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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