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Yu Y, Wei X, Chen X, Li H, Liu Q, Sun H, Wang W, Wang L, Li Y, Xing W. The T stage of esophageal cancer can be effectively predicted by muscularis propria thickness and muscularis propria + mucosa thickness under ultrasonic gastroscopy. Thorac Cancer 2022; 14:127-134. [PMID: 36382366 PMCID: PMC9834686 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The latest version of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical treatment or radical chemoradiotherapy for patients with cT3N0M0. Neoadjuvant therapy can improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Therefore, the evaluation or prediction of T stage is particularly important because the treatment could differently affect the prognosis. Here, we establish a model to predict the T stage of patients with T2-3N0M0 to help choose the best treatment strategy. METHODS From 1637 patents with esophageal cancer, we enrolled 48 patients and performed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to screen for independent factors influencing pathological T stage. We, then, trained the decision tree to obtain the decision tree diagram and divided the T stages obtained by different methods into two categories, T2 and T3, for survival analysis. RESULTS A total of 21 and 27 cases were predicted to be T2 and T3, respectively, under ultrasonic gastroscopy, 19 and 29 under magnetic resonance imaging, and 22 and 26 under pathological examination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the muscularis propria thickness (MPT) (p = 0.0097) and the muscularis propria + mucosa thickness (MPMT) in the largest tumor cross-section (p = 0.0239) were independent influencing factors. We plotted a decision tree diagram with these two factors. MPT in the largest tumor cross-section >1.3 mm could be judged as pT3; if ≤1.3 mm, MPMT should be considered a thickness ≥1.7 mm could be judged as pT2 (otherwise pT3). Corresponding survival analysis was performed according to the T stage under different examination modalities. CONCLUSION MPT in the largest tumor cross-section and MPMT in the largest tumor cross-section are independent predicting factors of pathological T stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkui Yu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiufeng Wei
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryBeijing Chui Yang Liu HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiankai Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Haomiao Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Radiology DepartmentThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryCancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wenqun Xing
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
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Warnecke-Eberz U, Plum P, Schweinsberg V, Drebber U, Bruns CJ, Müller DT, Hölscher AH, Bollschweiler E. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation changes podoplanin expression in esophageal cancer patients. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3236-3248. [PMID: 32684738 PMCID: PMC7336324 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i23.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (EAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) result in a worse prognosis. Neoadjuvant treatment improves survival, however, only for responders. The transmembrane glycoprotein podoplanin is overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas, miRNA-363 is associated to its regulation in head and neck cancer.
AIM To predict therapy response and prognosis markers, and targets for novel therapies would individualize treatments leading to more favourable outcomes.
METHODS Expression of podoplanin protein has been visualized by immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens of 195 esophageal cancer patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy: 90 ESCC and 105 EAC with clinical T2-3, Nx, M0. One hundred and six patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. RNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue, and miRNA-363 quantified by real-time TaqMan-real-time-PCR. D2-40 mab staining of > 5% was scored as high podoplanin expression (HPE). We related podoplanin and miRNA-363 expression to histopathologic response after neoadjuvant treatment and clinicopathological characteristics, such as histological tumor type, survival rate or clinical tumor category.
RESULTS We confirmed expression of membrane-bound podoplanin in 90 ESCC patients. 26% showed HPE of > 5%. In addition, absence in EAC patients (only 2% with HPE) was shown. Lower podoplanin expression has been detected in resection-specimen of 58 ESCC patients after neoadjuvant (RTx/CTx) treatment, only 11% with HPE, compared to 50% HPE of 32 non-pretreated primary surgery patients, P = 0.0001. This difference of podoplanin expression was confirmed comparing pre-treatment biopsies with matching post-treatment surgical specimens, P < 0.001. Podoplanin has been identified as a prognostic marker in 32 patients that underwent primary surgery without neoadjuvant treatment. Low (0-5%) podoplanin expression was associated with better prognosis compared to patients with HPE, P = 0.013. Podoplanin expression has been associated with post-transcriptional regulation by miRNA-363. At a cut-off value of miR-363 < 7, lower miR-363 expression correlated with HPE in surgical tissue specimens of primary surgery patients, P = 0.013. Therefore, ESCC patients with miRNA-363 expression < 7 had a worse prognosis than patients expressing miRNA-363 ≥ 7, P = 0.049.
CONCLUSION Analysis of the molecular process that leads to decrease in podoplanin expression during neoadjuvant treatment and its regulation may provide novel markers and targets to improve targeted therapy of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Warnecke-Eberz
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Patrick Plum
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Viola Schweinsberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Uta Drebber
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Dolores T Müller
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | | | - Elfriede Bollschweiler
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
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Hara T, Makino T, Yamasaki M, Tanaka K, Yamashita K, Nogi Y, Saito T, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Tatsumi M, Nakajima K, Morii E, Eguchi H, Doki Y. Peritumoral Lymphatic Vessels Associated with Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Unfavorable Survival in Esophageal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:3762-3769. [PMID: 32328984 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri- or intra-tumor lymphangiogenesis is induced in several types of cancer. However, the significance of peritumoral lymphatic vessels (LVs) in esophageal cancer (EC) remains to be clarified. METHODS This study included 162 eligible EC patients with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The numbers of non-tumoral and peritumoral LVs were counted in resected specimens based on podoplanin immunostaining. The association between peritumoral LV number and clinicopathologic parameters, including tumor heterogeneity as measured by positron emission tomography, NAC response, and patient survival were analyzed. RESULTS In non-NAC patients, the number of peritumoral LVs was highest in the lamina propria mucosa (LPM), followed by non-tumoral LVs in the LPM, peritumoral LVs in the submucosa (SM), and non-tumoral LVs in the SM. The patients with a low number of peritumoral LVs in the LPM versus those with a high number constituted a larger fraction of the NAC patients (67.8% vs. 50.0%; P = 0.022) and had a poorer pathologic response to NAC (grades 0-1a: 68.8% vs. 47.2%; P = 0.035), as well as greater tumor heterogeneity and worse survival (5-year overall survival: 50.6% vs. 72.8%; P = 0.0097). The number of peritumoral LVs in the LPM was identified as an independent prognostic factor with the highest hazard ratio (HR) of overall survival (HR 2.06; P = 0.0049) in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION For EC patients, peritumoral LVs in the LPM layer are associated with tumor heterogeneity, response to NAC, and unfavorable survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuya Nogi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Tatsumi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Tamaoki M, Komatsuzaki R, Komatsu M, Minashi K, Aoyagi K, Nishimura T, Chiwaki F, Hiroki T, Daiko H, Morishita K, Sakai Y, Seno H, Chiba T, Muto M, Yoshida T, Sasaki H. Multiple roles of single-minded 2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical implications. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1121-1134. [PMID: 29427302 PMCID: PMC5891185 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Degree of histological differentiation is an important characteristic of cancers and may be associated with malignant potential. However, in squamous cell carcinomas, a key transcriptional factor regulating tumor differentiation is largely unknown. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; however, the survival rate is still below 40%. From microarray data, single‐minded 2 (SIM2) was overexpressed in the epithelial subtype. Here, we investigated the correlation between SIM2 expression and its clinical implication, and in vitro and in vivo functions of SIM2 in tumor differentiation and in CRT sensitivity. Although SIM2 was suppressed in cancerous tissues, SIM2‐high ESCC showed a favorable prognosis in CRT. Transient SIM2 expression followed by 3D culture induced expression of differentiation markers and suppressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐ and basal‐cell markers. Levels of PDPN‐high tumor basal cells and of expression of genes for DNA repair and antioxidant enzymes were reduced in stable transfectants, and they showed high CDDP and H2O2 sensitivities, and their xenografts showed a well‐differentiated histology. Reduction of tumor basal cells was restored by knockdown of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) that interacted with SIM2. Together, SIM2 increases CRT sensitivity through tumor differentiation by cooperation with ARNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tamaoki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Komatsuzaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komatsu
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Minashi
- Department of Clinical Trial Promotion, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Aoyagi
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Nishimura
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumiko Chiwaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hiroki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daiko
- Esophageal Surgery Division, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sasaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang C, Wang J, Chen Z, Gao Y, He J. Immunohistochemical prognostic markers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2017; 36:65. [PMID: 28818096 PMCID: PMC5561640 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive malignancy, with a high incidence and poor prognosis. In the past several decades, hundreds of proteins have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of ESCC, but none has been widely accepted to guide clinical care. This study aimed to identify proteins with great potential for predicting prognosis of ESCC. Methods We conducted a systematic review on immunohistochemical (IHC) prognostic markers of ESCC according to the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Literature related to IHC prognostic markers of ESCC were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until January 30th, 2017. The risk of bias of these original studies was evaluated using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Results We identified 11 emerging IHC markers with reproducible results, including eight markers [epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Cyclin D1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Survivin, Podoplanin, Fascin, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)] indicating unfavorable prognosis and 3 markers (P27, P16, and E-cadherin) indicating favorable prognosis of ESCC. Conclusion Strong evidence supports that these 11 emerging IHC markers or their combinations may be useful in predicting prognosis and aiding personalized therapy decision-making for ESCC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40880-017-0232-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunni Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Science Building, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, PO Box 2258, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Science Building, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, PO Box 2258, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoli Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Science Building, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, PO Box 2258, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Science Building, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, PO Box 2258, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Science Building, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, PO Box 2258, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China. .,Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.
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Hirayama K, Kono H, Nakata Y, Akazawa Y, Wakana H, Fukushima H, Fujii H. Expression of podoplanin in stromal fibroblasts plays a pivotal role in the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. Surg Today 2017; 48:110-118. [PMID: 28702871 PMCID: PMC5711987 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role of podoplanin (PDPN) expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas (IDCP) in humans. Methods Tumor samples were obtained from 95 patients with IDCP. Immunohistochemical staining was done to evaluate the expression of PDPN in cancer tissues. Results PDPN was detected predominantly in stromal fibroblasts, stained with α-smooth muscle actin. The cutoff value of PDPN-positive areas was calculated according to a histogram. There was no significant difference in clinicopathologic factors between patients with high vs. those with low PDPN expression. The high PDPN group showed significantly poorer disease-free and disease-specific survival rates than the low PDPN group. Among patients from the high PDPN group, those with lymph node metastases and those with a tumor larger than 20 cm in diameter had significantly poorer prognoses than similar patients from the low PDPN group. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that a high expression of PDPN was an independent risk factor for disease-specific survival. Conclusions PDPN expression in cancer-related fibrotic tissues is associated with a poor prognosis, especially in patients with large tumors or lymph node metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Hirayama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Yuuki Nakata
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Akazawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Wakana
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hisataka Fukushima
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
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Saito H, Fushida S, Miyashita T, Oyama K, Yamaguchi T, Tsukada T, Kinoshita J, Tajima H, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Potential of extravasated platelet aggregation as a surrogate marker for overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with preoperative docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1: a retrospective observational study. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:294. [PMID: 28449652 PMCID: PMC5408413 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The theory of extravasated platelet aggregation in cancer lesions was recently introduced. We investigated the association of platelet aggregation in gastric cancer stroma with clinicopathological features, chemotherapeutic response, pathological response, and survival. METHODS The study comprised 78 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy with or without combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (DCS) as preoperative chemotherapy between 2005 and 2014. The patients were divided into two groups: patients who had received preoperative DCS therapy forming the p-DCS group and patients who had not received preoperative DCS therapy forming the control group. The 39 patients in the control group had received gastrectomy and postoperative chemotherapy of S-1 alone. Platelet aggregation in biopsy specimens before preoperative DCS therapy in the p-DCS group and at the time of diagnosis in the control group were evaluated using CD42b immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Twenty-four patients in the p-DCS group and 19 in the control group were found to have platelet aggregation in their cancer stroma. Patients with histologically confirmed platelet aggregation had significantly higher rates of chemoresistance (58.3%) than those without platelet aggregation (20.0%) (P = 0.019). According to multivariate analysis, CD42b expression (odds ratio: 5.102, 95% confidence interval: 1.039-25.00, P = 0.045) was correlated with chemoresistance. CD42b expression and histological non-responder status were both significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.012, P = 0.016); however, RECIST was not correlated with OS. In the control group, CD42b expression was also significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.033). In the p-DCS group, according to multivariate analysis, male sex (hazard ratio: 0.281, 95% confidence interval: 0.093-0.846, P = 0.024) was correlated with good prognosis and CD42b expression (hazard ratio: 4.406, 95% confidence interval: 1.325-14.65, P = 0.016) with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that platelets in gastric cancer stroma may create a favorable microenvironment for chemoresistance. CD42b immunohistochemical staining of biopsy specimens is a promising candidate for being a prognostic marker in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Katsunobu Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsukada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Cañueto J, Cardeñoso-Álvarez E, Cosano-Quero A, Santos-Briz Á, Fernández-López E, Pérez-Losada J, Román-Curto C. The expression of podoplanin is associated with poor outcome in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol 2016; 44:144-151. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cañueto
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | | | | | - Ángel Santos-Briz
- Servicio de Patología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - Emilia Fernández-López
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Losada
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC); Centro de investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC; Salamanca Spain
| | - Concepción Román-Curto
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
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Hong Y, Chen W, Du X, Ning H, Chen H, Shi R, Lin S, Xu R, Zhu J, Wu S, Zhou H. Upregulation of sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31241-54. [PMID: 26384302 PMCID: PMC4741601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9), a vital transcription factor, play important roles in numerous biological and pathological processes. However, the clinical significance and biological role of SOX9 expression has not been characterized in human esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Herein, we found that SOX9 was markedly upregulated, at both mRNA and protein level, in ESCC cell lines and ESCC tissues and that SOX9 expression was significantly correlated with tumor clinical stage, T classification, N classification, M classification, pathological differentiation, and shorter overall survival. The proliferation and tumorigenicity of ESCC cells were dramatically induced by SOX9 overexpression but were inhibited by SOX9 knockdown both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that upregulation of SOX9 increased the expression of phosphorylated Akt, the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) regulator cyclin D1, phosphorylated forkhead box O (FOXO)1, and phosphorylated FOXO3, but SOX9 downregulation decreased their expression, whereas the levels of the CDK inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 were attenuated in SOX9-transduced cells. Taken together, our results suggest that SOX9 plays an important role in promoting the proliferation and tumorigenesis of ESCC and may represent a novel prognostic marker for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcai Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Xiaojun Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huiwen Ning
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Huaisheng Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaolin Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Rongyu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jinrong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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10
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Hwang YS, Ahn SY, Moon S, Zheng Z, Cha IH, Kim J, Zhang X. Insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein-3 and podoplanin expression are associated with bone invasion and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 69:25-32. [PMID: 27232357 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic implications of insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein-3 (IMP3) and podoplanin (PDPN) as therapeutic targets against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with bone invasion. STUDY DESIGN We elucidated the correlation of IMP3 and PDPN expression with bone invasion in 160 OSCC tissue specimens, and assessed a mouse calvarium xenograft model using an IMP3- and PDPN-depleted OSCC cell line. RESULTS The retrospective analysis revealed that the expression of IMP3 and PDPN is significantly correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, and the overall survival of OSCC patients. In addition, the dual expression of IMP3 and PDPN but not the single expression of either IMP3 or PDPN was associated with bone invasion and the number of osteoclasts in patients with OSCC. In support of these findings, IMP3 or PDPN depletion inhibited the invasive capacity of OSCC cells in a three-dimensional culture system, tumorigenesis, and regional bone destruction in a xenograft mouse model. In addition, IMP3 or PDPN depletion inhibited the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in OSCC cells, and decreased the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in xenograft tumor tissues of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that IMP3 and PDPN may have strong influence on the pathogenesis of OSCC, especially in bone invasion, and may serve as novel therapeutic targets with prognostic implications for bone-invasive OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Yong Ahn
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea; Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook Moon
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhenlong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, Jilin province, China
| | - In-Ho Cha
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea; Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, Jilin province, China; Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
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11
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Shi H, Zhou S, Liu J, Zhu J, Xue J, Gu L, Chen Y. miR-34a inhibits the in vitro cell proliferation and migration in human esophageal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:444-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Overexpression of Suprabasin is Associated with Proliferation and Tumorigenicity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21549. [PMID: 26899563 PMCID: PMC4761926 DOI: 10.1038/srep21549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Suprabasin is a recently identified oncoprotein that is upregulated in multiple cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological role of suprabasin in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In the current study, we reported that suprabasin was markedly overexpressed in ESCC cell lines and tissues at both mRNA and protein levels, and this was associated with advanced clinical stage, tumor-nodes-metastasis (TNM) classification, histological differentiation, tumor size and poorer survival. Furthermore, we found that both proliferation and tumorigenicity of ESCC cells were significantly induced by suprabasin overexpression, but inhibited by suprabasin knock-down. Moreover, we demonstrated that upregulation of suprabasin activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and led to nuclear localization of β-catenin and upregulation of Cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Together, our results suggest that suprabasin plays an important oncogenic role in promoting proliferation and tumorigenesis of ESCC.
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Juchniewicz A, Niklińska W, Kowalczuk O, Laudański W, Sulewska A, Dziegielewski P, Milewski R, Naumnik W, Kozłowski M, Nikliński J. Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and podoplanin mRNA expression in esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:3668-3674. [PMID: 26788189 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), VEGF-D, VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) and podoplanin (PDPN) are involved in the spread of cancer. The current study evaluated VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-3 and PDPN mRNA expression levels in 84 esophageal cancer samples from patients who had undergone surgery according to reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and correlated the results with the clinicopathological features. The effects on lymph node metastasis and survival were identified by performing univariate and multivariate analyses. VEGF-C, PDPN, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 were overexpressed in 52.4, 52.4, 32.1 and 51.2% of esophageal cancer samples, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of VEGF-C and PDPN was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, depth of tumor invasion and tumor stage (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified tumor size (P=0.001), depth of invasion (P=0.002) and PDPN mRNA expression (P=0.022) as significant multivariable predictors of regional lymph node metastasis. Upon univariate survival analysis, the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, histological grade, tumor stage, tumor size, residual tumor, and VEGF-C and PDPN mRNA expression were identified to be significant independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) time. Additionally, multivariate analysis identified tumor size (P=0.049), residual tumor (P<0.001) and PDPN mRNA expression (P=0.02) as independent factors for poor OS time. Thus, it was concluded that PDPN mRNA expression may serve as predictor for regional lymph node metastasis, and that VEGF-C and PDPN may be prognostic factors in patients with resected esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Juchniewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Wiesława Niklińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Oksana Kowalczuk
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Laudański
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegielewski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Robert Milewski
- Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Naumnik
- Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Białystok, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kozłowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Białystok, Poland
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Tanaka M, Kijima H, Shimada H, Makuuchi H, Ozawa S, Inokuchi S. Expression of podoplanin and vimentin is correlated with prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4029-4036. [PMID: 26095281 PMCID: PMC4526028 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small membrane mucin, which is involved in cell migration and cancer cell invasion. However, the roles of podoplanin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are poorly understood. In the present study, 139 cases of surgically resected ESCC were analyzed and the clinicopathological significance of podoplanin membrane expression in ESCC was demonstrated. Podoplanin expression was positive in 66.2% (92/139) of ESCC samples; with weak expression in 32.4% (45/139), and strong expression in 33.8% (47/139). Membrane expression of podoplanin was significantly associated with tumor status (P=0.001), venous invasion (P=0.035) and Union for International Cancer Control stage (P=0.029). Patients who exhibited strong podoplanin expression, were shown to have a poorer prognosis [hazard ratio (HR), 3.949; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.001–7.794]. Expression of vimentin, a mesenchymal marker, was detected in 49 cases (35.3%) and was associated with venous invasion (P=0.020). Vimentin-positive cases were also more likely to have a worse prognosis than vimentin-negative cases (HR, 2.161; 95% CI, 1.300–3.592). Podoplanin membrane expression was significantly correlated with vimentin cytoplasmic expression in ESCC (P<0.001). The present study confirmed that podo-planin and vimentin are independent predictors of mortality (HR, 3.084; 95% CI, 1.543–6.164). These results suggest that podoplanin membrane expression results in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes aggressive invasion in human ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Tanaka
- Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259‑1193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kijima
- Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036‑8562, Japan
| | - Hideo Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259‑1193, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Makuuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259‑1193, Japan
| | - Soji Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259‑1193, Japan
| | - Sadaki Inokuchi
- Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259‑1193, Japan
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15
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KIM HYUNYI, RHA KISANG, SHIM GEUNAE, KIM JUHEE, KIM JINMAN, HUANG SONGMEI, KOO BONSEOK. Podoplanin is involved in the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through interaction with VEGF-C. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:833-42. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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16
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Islam F, Gopalan V, Wahab R, Smith RA, Lam AKY. Cancer stem cells in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Identification, prognostic and treatment perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:9-19. [PMID: 25913844 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a vital subpopulation of cells to target for the treatment of cancers. In oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), there are several markers such as CD44, ALDH, Pygo2, MAML1, Twist1, Musashi1, Side population (SP), CD271 and CD90 that have been proposed to identify the cancer stem cells in individual cancer masses. It has also been demonstrated that stem cell markers like ALDH1, HIWI, Oct3/4, ABCG2, SOX2, SALL4, BMI-1, NANOG, CD133 and podoplanin are associated with patient's prognosis, pathological stages, cancer recurrence and therapy resistance. Finding new cancer stem cell targets or designing drugs to manipulate the known molecular targets in CSCs could be useful for improvements in clinical outcomes of the disease. To conclude, data suggest that CSCs in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma are related to resistance to therapy and poor prognosis of patients with ESCC. Therefore, innovative insights into CSC biology and CSC-targeted therapies will help to achieve more effective management of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhadul Islam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Riajul Wahab
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert A Smith
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alfred K-Y Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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17
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Yan SM, Han X, Han PJ, Chen HM, Huang LY, Li Y. SIRT3 is a novel prognostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oncol 2014; 31:103. [PMID: 25005846 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) protein is a member of Sirtuins family. It functions as a critical mitochondrial deacetylase, which is involved in a variety of diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has never been investigated before. With the help of immunohistochemistry, we studied the clinical significance of SIRT3 expression in ESCC. The receiver operating characteristic method was used to define the SIRT3 IRS cutoff value. The correlations between SIRT3 expression and clinicopathological variables were assessed using Pearson's χ (2) test. To evaluate the clinical significance of SIRT3 expression, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare postoperative survival between different SIRT3 expression groups of ESCC patients. High expression of SIRT3 in ESCC tissues was more frequently observed than corresponding adjacent non-malignant esophageal mucosa tissues. No correlations were found between SIRT3 expression and clinical parameters. Multivariate analysis revealed that SIRT3 expression was an independent prognostic factor in ESCC (HR 1.454, P = 0.034). Increased SIRT3 expression suggests unfavorable prognosis for ESCC patients. Further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Pathology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
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18
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Li JC, Li Y, Ai JY, Chen K, Zhu YH, Fu L, Qin YR, Wang LJ, Guan XY. Podoplanin‑positive cancer cells at the edge of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas are involved in invasion. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1513-8. [PMID: 24938315 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is a well established lymphatic endothelial marker and has frequently been observed in cancer cells at the edge of cancer masses. Previous studies investigating the association between PDPN expression and patient prognosis have had contradictory results. In the present study, it was hypothesized that the different locations of PDPN‑positive cells may explain these varying results. The present study aimed to focus on PDPN expression at the edge of esophageal cancer cell nests. In order to analyze the clinical significance of this PDPN expression, immunohistochemistry was performed using esophageal cancer tissue microarrays. PDPN expression at the edge of the cancer cell nest was found to be significantly associated with invasion (P<0.05) and poor prognosis (P<0.001) in patients with cancer. To further investigate the role of PDPN expression in cancer cells, the PDPN gene was cloned and transfected into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. PDPN expression was also knocked down using small interfering RNA. PDPN‑positive cancer cells were found to exhibit invasion characteristics. Thus, PDPN expression at the edge of a cancer cell nest may indicate invasion and represent a poor prognostic factor for ESCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Chao Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat‑Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jiao-Yu Ai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat‑Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat‑Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat‑Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Huttenlocher S, Seibold ND, Gebhard MP, Noack F, Thorns C, Hasselbacher K, Wollenberg B, Schild SE, Rades D. Evaluation of the prognostic role of tumor cell podoplanin expression in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Strahlenther Onkol 2014; 190:1021-7. [PMID: 24928249 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-014-0694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To investigate the potential prognostic role of tumor cell podoplanin expression in patients treated with resection followed by irradiation or chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Podoplanin expression (≤10 % versus > 10 %) and 12 other factors were evaluated in 160 patients for their association with locoregional control (LRC), metastases-free (MFS) and overall survival (OS). Other factors were age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, preradiotherapy (pre-RT) hemoglobin level, tumor site, histological grading, T category, N category, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, extent of resection and concurrent chemotherapy. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, ECOG performance status 0-1 (risk ratio, RR: 3.01; 95 % confidence interval, CI: 1.42-7.14; p = 0.003), pre-RT hemoglobin levels ≥ 7.45 mmol/l (12 g/dl; RR: 2.03; 95 % CI: 1.04-3.94; p = 0.038), oropharyngeal cancer (RR: 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.01-1.55; p = 0.038) and T category T1-2 (RR: 1.81; 95 % CI: 1.24-2.79; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with improved LRC. T category T1-2 (RR: 1.90; 95 % CI: 1.25-3.06; p = 0.002) and N category N0-2a (RR: 5.22; 95 % CI: 1.96-18.09; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with better MFS. Pre-RT hemoglobin levels ≥ 7.45 mmol/l (RR: 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.27-4.74; p = 0.007), T category T1-2 (RR: 1.97; 95 % CI: 1.36-3.04; p < 0.001) and N category N0-2a (RR: 2.87; 95 % CI: 1.37-6.61; p = 0.005) were significantly associated with improved OS. Podoplanin expression ≤ 10 % showed a trend towards improved OS on both univariate (p = 0.050) and multivariate analysis (RR: 1.86; 95 % CI: 0.96-3.59; p = 0.07). CONCLUSION Treatment outcomes were significantly associated with performance status, pre-RT hemoglobin level, tumor site and tumor stage. Tumor cell expression of podoplanin ≤ 10 % showed a trend towards improved OS when compared to podoplanin expression of > 10 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Huttenlocher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
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20
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Yan SM, Wu HN, He F, Hu XP, Zhang ZY, Huang MY, Wu X, Huang CY, Li Y. High expression of zinc-binding protein-89 predicts decreased survival in esophageal squamous cell cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 97:1966-73. [PMID: 24698505 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc-binding protein-89 (ZBP-89), a Krüppel-type four-zinc finger transcription factor, is associated with many cellular functions, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has been reported to be involved in several human cancers. However, ZBP-89 expression pattern and its clinical significance have not yet been investigated in esophageal squamous cell cancer. METHODS In this study, immunostaining was performed to detect ZBP-89 expression in esophageal squamous cell cancer, and then the correlations between ZBP-89 expression and both clinicopathologic variables and overall survival were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with adjacent normal tissues, ZBP-89 expression was significantly upregulated in esophageal squamous cell cancer tissues. Increased ZBP-89 expression was associated with N category (p = 0.009) and TNM stage (p = 0.023). Patients with high expression of ZBP-89 demonstrated shortened overall survival compared with those with low expression of ZBP-89 (mean overall survival, 56.961 months versus 76.029 months; p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ZBP-89 expression had a significant, independent predictive value for survival of esophageal squamous cell cancer (relative risk, 1.581; p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Our data show that increased expression of ZBP-89 is associated with poor prognosis for esophageal squamous cell cancer patients and may act as a novel, useful, and independent prognostic indicator for esophageal squamous cell cancer. Further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ni Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-peng Hu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ma-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-yu Huang
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Nakashima Y, Yoshinaga K, Kitao H, Ando K, Kimura Y, Saeki H, Oki E, Morita M, Kakeji Y, Hirahashi M, Oda Y, Maehara Y. Podoplanin is expressed at the invasive front of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and is involved in collective cell invasion. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:1718-25. [PMID: 24103048 PMCID: PMC7654258 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of podoplanin is reportedly involved in collective cell invasion, which is independent from the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We focused on the expression of podoplanin in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and investigated the correlation of podoplanin and EMT-related markers, and evaluated its prognostic significance. Five ESCC cell lines were subjected to western blot analysis for podoplanin and EMT markers. The effects of podoplanin on EMT and carcinoma invasion were evaluated with wound healing assays, invasion assays and 3-D culture. Transfection of ectopic podoplanin into a podoplanin-negative ESCC cell line (TE-15) induced cell migration and invasive activity (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) without downregulation of E-cadherin. In contrast, transfection of si-podoplanin RNA into a podoplanin-positive ESCC cell line (TE-13) reduced cell migration and invasive activity (P < 0.05). We reviewed 101 patients who had undergone esophagectomy for ESCC. Podoplanin expression was observed in 58 patients (57.4%), and positive expression was positively correlated with expression of E-cadherin (P < 0.01), deeper wall invasion (P < 0.01), venous invasion (P < 0.05) and poorer prognosis (P < 0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that expression of podoplanin was a significant and independent unfavorable predictor of survival (P < 0.05). These data suggest that podoplanin is significantly associated with and likely contributes to ESCC invasion in the absence of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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22
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Seki S, Fujiwara M, Matsuura M, Fujita S, Ikeda H, Umeda M, Asahina I, Ikeda T. Prognostic value of podoplanin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma--a regression model auxiliary to UICC classification. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 20:521-8. [PMID: 24281769 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Podoplanin, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with an effect of platelet aggregation, has been reported to be one of the possible prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the biological significance of podoplanin is largely unclear. The aim of this study was to develop a practical model for the prediction of prognosis using the grade of podoplanin expression, and also to evaluate the biological function of podoplanin. Eighty-two specimens of patients with previously untreated OSCC, who underwent either biopsy or surgery, were histopathologically and immunohistochemically analyzed. These 82 cases were composed of 66 well-differentiated, 10 moderately differentiated and 6 poorly differentiated OSCC. Podoplanin was successfully immunostained in 78 specimens, and was detected in most cases, but the frequency of positive cells varied. The prognosis of patients with more than 50 % podoplanin-positive tumor cells was significantly poorer than that of the other patients. Multivariate hazards regression analysis suggested that a linear combination of covariates, OSCC patients with more or less than 50 % podoplanin expression, age of more or less than 70 years old, mode of invasion and T3, T4 or T2 versus T1 of the UICC T-stage classification was the most effective model for evaluating the prognosis of OSCC patients. Additionally, podoplanin expression had a significant relationship to UICC clinical stage and the expression of Ki-67. An effective regression model using podoplanin expression was developed for evaluating the prognosis of OSCC and the biological significance of podoplanin was suggested to be associated with the growth and/or progression of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Seki
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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23
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Zhang HD, Chen CG, Gao YY, Ma Z, Tang P, Duan XF, Ren P, Yue J, Yu ZT. Primary esophageal adenosquamous carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 24 cases. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:783-9. [PMID: 24127755 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the esophagus is a rare kind of malignancy characterized by mixed glandular and squamous differentiation as well as a propensity for aggressive clinical behavior. Data on the evaluation of the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of patients suffering from this malignancy are few because of the rarity of this disease. We conducted a retrospective review of 24 patients with primary esophageal ASC among 6546 esophageal cancer patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy in our hospital. The clinicopathological presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic factors of the patients were respectively investigated. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test were used to calculate and compare overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards model was employed to identify independent prognostic factors. There were 18 males and 6 females with a median age of 60 years (range: 40-78 years). The clinical symptoms, macroscopic type, as well as the radiological and endoscopic features of esophageal ASC were similar to those of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sixteen (88.9%) of the 18 cases who underwent preoperative esophagoscopic biopsy were misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The overall median follow-up period was 36 months, and the median survival time was 32 months. The 1, 3, 5-year OS rates were 75.0%, 48.5%, and 19.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that gender (P=0.047), lymph node metastasis (P=0.007), and TNM stage (P=0.037) were important factors associated with OS of the 22 patients who underwent radical resection. Multivariate analysis showed that the pathological N stage was the only independent prognostic factor (P=0.031, hazard ratio [HR], 5.369, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.167-24.700). These results suggest that esophageal ASC is an uncommon disease prone to be misdiagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, but the prognosis of ASC is usually poorer than conventional squamous cell carcinoma. Lymph node metastasis is an independent prognostic factor after radical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Zhang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
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24
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Choi SY, Sung R, Lee SJ, Lee TG, Kim N, Yoon SM, Lee EJ, Chae HB, Youn SJ, Park SM. Podoplanin, α-smooth muscle actin or S100A4 expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts are associated with different prognosis in colorectal cancers. J Korean Med Sci 2013; 28:1293-301. [PMID: 24015033 PMCID: PMC3763102 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.9.1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells determine the behavior of the primary tumors. Whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have a tumor progressive or a protective role likely depends on the type of tumor cells and the CAF subpopulation. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic significance of CAF subpopulations in colorectal cancer (CRC). CAF phenotypes were analyzed in 302 CRC patients by using antibodies against podoplanin (PDPN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and S100A4. The relationship between the CAF phenotypes and 11 clinicopathological parameters were evaluated and their prognostic significance was analyzed from the disease-free and overall survival times. We observed that at the tumor invasive front, PDPN CAFs were present in 40% of the cases, and S100A4 or α-SMA CAFs were detected in all the cases. PDPN/S100A4 and α-SMA/S100A4 dual-stained CAFs were observed in 10% and 40% of the cases, respectively. The PDPN(+) CAFs were associated with 6 favorable clinicopathological parameters and prolonged disease-free survival time. The PDPN(-)/α-SMA(high) CAFs were associated with 6 aggressive clinicopathological parameters and tended to exhibit shorter disease-free survival time. On the other hand, the PDPN(-)/S100A4(high) CAFs were associated with 2 tumor progression parameters, but not with disease prognosis. The PDPN(+) CAF phenotype is distinct from the α-SMA or S100A4 CAFs in that it is associated with less aggressive tumors and a favorable prognosis, whereas the PDPN(-)/α-SMA(high) or PDPN(-)/S100A4(high) CAFs are associated with tumor progression in CRC. These findings suggest that CAFs can be a useful prognostic biomarker or potential targets of anti-cancer therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Choi
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Rohyun Sung
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang-Jeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Taek-Gu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soon Man Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eun Jeoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hee Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sei Jin Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seon Mee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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Schoppmann SF, Alidzanovic L, Schultheis A, Perkmann T, Brostjan C, Birner P. Thrombocytes Correlate with Lymphangiogenesis in Human Esophageal Cancer and Mediate Growth of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells In Vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66941. [PMID: 23840559 PMCID: PMC3694157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data provide evidence for an important role of thrombocytes in lymphangiogenesis within human malignant disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of thrombocytes in lymphangiogenesis in human esophageal cancer. Perioperative peripheral blood platelet counts (PBPC) were evaluated retrospectively in 320 patients with esophageal cancer, comprising 184 adenocarcinomas (AC), and 136 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Data on lymphangiogenesis evaluated by anti-podoplanin immunostaining were available from previous studies, platelets within the tumor tissue were assessed by CD61 immunostaining. For in vitro studies, human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were isolated and co-cultured with peripheral blood platelets. Stromal thrombocytic clusters (STC) were evident in 82 samples (25.6%), and vascular thrombocytic clusters (VTC) in 56 (17.5%). STC and VTC were associated with a significantly higher PBPC at investigation of all cases. The presence of STC was associated with higher lymphatic microvessel density (p<0.001), PBPC and STC were associated with lymphovascular invasion of tumor cells in a regression model. The presence of STCs was associated with shorter DFS of all patients (p = 0.036, Breslow test), and VTC with shorter DFS in in SCC (p = 0.025, Breslow test). In cell culture, LEC proliferation was enhanced by co-culture with human platelets in a dose- and time-dependent manner mediated by the release of PDGF-BB and VEGF-C. Platelets play an important role in lymphangiogenesis and lymphovascular invasion in esophageal cancer, influencing prognosis. So the disruption of signaling pathways between platelets, tumor cells and lymphatic endothelium might be of benefit for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian F. Schoppmann
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Gastroesophageal Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lejla Alidzanovic
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Schultheis
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Rudolfsstiftung, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Perkmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Peter Birner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Gastroesophageal Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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26
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Cao W, Yu G, Lu Q, Zhang J. Low expression of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with a poor prognosis. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:305. [PMID: 23800335 PMCID: PMC3695856 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is currently unclear whether a correlation exists between N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) expression and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of this study was to examine the underlying clinical significance of NDRG2 expression in ESCC patients and to investigate the effects of NDRG2 up-regulation on ESCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the level of NDRG2 expressions in ESCC tissue, which was then compared to specific clinicopathological features in the patient and tissue specimens. Factors associated with patient survival were analysed. Moreover, the effects of up-regulating NDRG2 expression on the growth of an ESCC cell line were examined by MTT, colony formation, DNA replication activity and nude mouse model assays. RESULTS Notably low expression of NDRG2 in ESCC patients was inversely associated with clinical stage, NM classification, histological differentiation and patients' vital status (all P < 0.05). ESCC patients expressing high levels of NDRG2 exhibited a substantially higher 5-year overall survival rate than NDRG2-negative patients. Furthermore, NDRG2 over-expression reduced the proliferation, colony formation and DNA replication activity in ESCC cells, as well as inhibiting the growth of ESCC cells in vivo. CONCLUSION The present experiments demonstrated that NDRG2 may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with ESCC, and up-regulation of NDRG2 might act as a promising therapeutic strategy for aggressive ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No.1 Xinshi Road, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China
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27
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Vasculogenic mimicry and aberrant expression of HIF-lα/E-cad are associated with worse prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 33:385-391. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-013-1129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Schoppmann SF, Jesch B, Zacherl J, Riegler MF, Friedrich J, Birner P. Lymphangiogenesis and lymphovascular invasion diminishes prognosis in esophageal cancer. Surgery 2013; 153:526-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Wang L, Li SY. Progress in research of markers for cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:490-497. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i6.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China, with high morbidity or mortality. In recent years, there has been a growing amount of evidence supporting the existence of a rare proportion of tumor cells termed cancer stem cells (CSCs) in diverse solid malignancies including ESCC. CSCs are closely related to the poor biological behaviors and drug resistance of ESCC. Markers for CSCs play an important role in the separation of CSCs, and the research on CSC markers can help clarify the mechanisms behind tumor development and guide tumor treatment.
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30
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Podoplanin expressing cancer associated fibroblasts are associated with unfavourable prognosis in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Clin Exp Metastasis 2012; 30:441-6. [PMID: 23161183 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-012-9549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the mucin-type sialoglycoprotein podoplanin in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was recently shown to be associated with tumor progression, metastasis and poor prognosis in lung and breast cancer. Here we investigate the role of podoplanin expressing CAFs in esophagal adenocarcinoma (AC), its precursor lesions and metastases. Podoplanin expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 200 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded specimens of invasive esophagal ACs, their corresponding metastases and 35 precursor lesions. Podoplanin expressing CAFs (CAF+) were observed in 22 % of patients with invasive AC, but not in precursor lesions. CAF+ correlated with tumor stage (p = 0.004), lymphovascular tumor invasion (p = 0.018) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0016). Patients with CAF+ had a significant shorter disease free and overall survival (p < 0.05, Cox regression). Podoplanin expressing CAFs were only rarely observed in lymph node and distant metastases, as well as in local recurrences of ACs. Podoplanin expression in AC tumor cells was seen in only four cases. In around 20 % of patients with esophagal AC, podoplanin expressing CAFs are evident, defining a high risk subgroup. In these patients, podoplanin expressing CAFs might represent new therapeutical targets.
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31
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High expression of GOLPH3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with poor prognosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45622. [PMID: 23056210 PMCID: PMC3462781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whether the expression of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) correlates with esophageal cancer tumorigenesis is currently unclear. The aim of this study was to examine GOLPH3 expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and explore its clinical significance. Methods Differences in the expression of GOLPH3 at the mRNA and protein level were examined via quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and western blotting, respectively. GOLPH3 expression levels in ESCC tissue were determined through immunohistochemistry, and were compared in accordance with specific clinicopathological features of the patients and tissue specimens. Factors associated with patient survival were also analyzed. Results A notably higher level of GOLPH3 expression was found in ESCC cell lines and tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. High expression of GOLPH3 in ESCC patients was positively associated with clinical stage, TNM classification, histological differentiation and vital status (all P<0.0001). Expression of GOLPH3 was found to be an independent prognostic factor in ESCC patients. ESCC patients expressing high levels of GOLPH3 exhibited a substantially lower 5-year overall survival than GOLPH3-negative patients. Furthermore, a significant correlation between high GOLPH3 expression and shorter overall survival time was found in different subgroups of ESCC patients stratified by the clinical stage, T classification, and lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Experiments demonstrated potential involvement of GOLPH3 in the development, differentiation, and tumorigenesis of ESCC, and concludes the possibility of its use as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with ESCC.
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Schoppmann SF, Berghoff AS, Jesch B, Zacherl J, Nirtl N, Jomrich G, Maroske F, Streubel B, Mesteri I, Birner P. Expression of podoplanin is a rare event in sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors and does not influence prognosis. Future Oncol 2012; 8:859-66. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Podoplanin overexpression is associated with worse prognosis in several human cancers. In gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) very few data on the expression of podoplanin exist, but it seems to be frequently overexpressed in pediatric/syndromic GISTs. We investigated podoplanin expression and its clinical relevance in a large series of sporadic GISTs. Methods: Podoplanin expression was determined immunohistochemically in 145 sporadic adult GISTs. Aneuploidies of 1p36 and 1q25 were investigated using FISH, and KIT and PDGFRA genes were investigated by sequencing. Results: Overexpression of podoplanin was observed in eight (5.6%) GISTs and no association with amplification of 1p36 or KIT or PDGFRA mutations was seen. The amount of podoplanin expression was not associated with clinical risk factors or patient survival. Conclusion: Overexpression of podoplanin is a rare event in sporadic GISTs and is not associated with amplification of 1p36 or with KIT or PDGFRA mutations, which indicates limited pathobiological or clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian F Schoppmann
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Bettina Jesch
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Zacherl
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Nirtl
- University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerd Jomrich
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Maroske
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Streubel
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ildiko Mesteri
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Birner
- Department of Surgery, Upper GI Research Unit, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Toll A, Gimeno-Beltrán J, Ferrandiz-Pulido C, Masferrer E, Yébenes M, Jucglà A, Abal L, Martí RM, Sanmartín O, Baró T, Casado B, Gandarillas A, Barranco C, Costa I, Mojal S, García-Patos V, Pujol RM. D2-40 immunohistochemical overexpression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas: a marker of metastatic risk. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012; 67:1310-8. [PMID: 22521203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 4% of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) develop lymphatic metastases. The value of lymphatic endothelial markers to enhance the detection of lymphatic tumor invasion in cSCC has not been assessed previously. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the use of the antibody D2-40, a podoplanin immunohistochemical marker, to identify tumor lymph vessel invasion in cSCC and to assess its expression in tumor cells. METHODS This was a retrospective case-control study. A series of 101 cSCC, including 51 cases that developed lymphatic metastatic spread (metastasizing cSCC [MSCC]) and 50 cases that resolved definitely after surgical excision (non-MSCC) were included in the study. Lymph vessel invasion using D2-40 was evaluated on all primary biopsy specimens. The percentage of tumor cells showing D2-40 positivity and intensity scoring were recorded. All the immunohistochemical findings were correlated with the clinicopathological features. RESULTS Lymph vessel invasion was observed in 8% of non-MSCCs and in 25.5% of MSCCs (P = .031). D2-40 expression was significantly increased, both in intensity (odds ratio 4.42 for intensity ++/+++) and in area (odds ratio 2.29 for area >10%), in MSCC when compared with non-MSCC. Interestingly, almost half (49%) of the MSCC had moderate to intense D2-40 positivity compared with 16% of non-MSCC. D2-40 immunohistochemical expression was increased in tumors with an infiltrative pattern of extension. In the multivariate analysis, histologically poorly differentiated tumors, recurrent lesions, and cSCC showing D2-40 overexpression (in intensity) were significantly associated with lymphatic metastases development (odds ratios 15.67, 14.72, and 6.07, respectively). LIMITATIONS This was a retrospective study. CONCLUSION The expression of podoplanin associates with high metastatic risk in cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustí Toll
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
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