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Sensilla on the labial palps of the cave species Tachycines plumiopedella Li, Feng & Luo, 2021 (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). ZOOMORPHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00435-023-00594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Nicolosi G, Mammola S, Verbrugge L, Isaia M. Aliens in caves: the global dimension of biological invasions in subterranean ecosystems. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:849-867. [PMID: 36680327 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alien species are a significant threat to natural ecosystems and human economies. Despite global efforts to address this challenge, the documented number of alien species is rapidly increasing worldwide. However, the magnitude of the impact of alien species may vary significantly across habitats. For example, some habitats are naturally less prone to biological invasions due to stringent abiotic and biotic characteristics, selecting for a limited number of introduced species possessing traits closely related to the native organisms. Subterranean ecosystems are quintessential examples of habitats with strong environmental filters (e.g. lack of light and scarcity of food), driving convergent adaptations in species that have successfully adapted to life in darkness. Despite these stringent environmental constraints, the number of records of alien species in subterranean ecosystems has increased in recent decades, but the relevant literature remains largely fragmented and mostly anecdotal. Therefore, even though caves are generally considered very fragile ecosystems, their susceptibility to impacts by alien species remains untested other than for some very specific cases. We provide the first systematic literature survey to synthesise available knowledge on alien species in subterranean ecosystems globally. This review is supported by a database summarising the available literature, aiming to identify gaps in the distribution and spread of alien invertebrate species in subterranean habitats, and laying the foundations for future management practices and interventions. First, we quantitatively assessed the current knowledge of alien species in subterranean ecosystems to shed light on broader questions about taxonomic biases, geographical patterns, modes of dispersal, pathways for introductions and potential impacts. Secondly, we collected species-specific traits for each recorded alien species and tested whether subterranean habitats act as ecological filters for their establishment, favouring organisms with pre-adaptive traits suitable for subterranean life. We found information on the presence of 246 subterranean alien species belonging to 18 different classes. The dominant alien species were invertebrates, especially insects and arachnids. Most species were reported in terrestrial subterranean habitats from all continents except Antarctica. Palaearctic and Nearctic biogeographic regions represented the main source of alien species. The main routes of introductions into the recipient country are linked to commercial activities (84.3% of cases for which there was information available). Negative impacts have been documented for a small number of case studies (22.7%), mostly related to increased competition with native species. For a limited number of case studies (6.1%), management strategies were reported but the effectiveness of these interventions has rarely been quantified. Accordingly, information on costs is very limited. Approximately half of the species in our database can be considered established in subterranean habitats. According to our results, the presence of suitable traits grants access to the stringent environmental filter posed by subterranean environments, facilitating establishment in the new habitat. We recommend that future studies deepen the understanding of invasiveness into subterranean habitats, raising public and scientific community awareness of preserving these fragile ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicolosi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Mammola
- Molecular Ecology Group (Dark-MEG), Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Corso Tonolli, 50, Pallanza, 28922, Italy.,Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki, 00100, Finland
| | - Laura Verbrugge
- Water and Development Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Tietotie 1E, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Marco Isaia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
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Mazina SE, Gasanova TV, Kozlova EV, Popkova AV, Fedorov AS, Bukharina IL, Pashkova AS, Larionov MV, Abdullayev RRO, Isaev VUO. Biodiversity of Phototrophs and Culturable Fungi in Gobustan Caves. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13010164. [PMID: 36676113 PMCID: PMC9863006 DOI: 10.3390/life13010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Unique natural objects, such as the caves of the Gobustan National Historical and Artistic Preserve, are also of great cultural and historical value due to rock art and sites of ancient people. A favorable microclimate makes these habitats convenient for colonization by microbiota, including phototrophs. In arid regions with intense seasonal fluctuations of microclimatic parameters, the conditions for survival are the least favorable; therefore, it becomes especially important to determine the composition of communities that are the most adapted to specific conditions. This work aimed to identify the biodiversity of communities of caves and grottoes of the Gobustan Reserve. The studies were carried out in July 2019. Samples were analyzed for cyanobacteria and algae by microscopy and cultivation methods, microfungi were isolated by soil dilution, and the fouling glass method was also used. In total, 29 taxa of cyanobacteria and algae, 18 taxa of fungi, and 3 species of mosses were identified. The studied habitats were dominated by the algae Chlorella vulgaris, Aphanocapsa sp., and Stichococcus bacillaris; the subdominants were Jaaginema subtilissimum, Leptolyngbya tenuis, Chlorococcum minutum, and Humidophila contenta. Microfungi had the highest occurrence of Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans, Alternaria alternata, and Talaromyces ruber. It was noted that cyanobacteria dominated in morphologically differentiated biofilms and green algae on the rocks. The greatest number of microfungi was found in the aphotic zone and bryophyte tufts. The dominance of green algae is atypical for most caves of other regions and may be associated with intense lighting of habitats. The absence of protonema is a consequence of the aridity and low moisture content of the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Evgenievna Mazina
- Research and Technical Centre of Radiation-Chemical Safety and Hygiene FMBA of Russian Federation, 40 Schukinskaya Street, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of Land Use Planning” (SULUP), 15 Kazakov Street, 105064 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.E.M.); (M.V.L.); Tel.: +79-15-461-9446 (S.E.M.); +79-09-661-3318 (M.V.L.)
| | | | | | - Anna Vladimirovna Popkova
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Sergeevich Fedorov
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Maxim Viktorovich Larionov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of Land Use Planning” (SULUP), 15 Kazakov Street, 105064 Moscow, Russia
- Russian State Social University (RSSU), 4 Wilhelm Peak Street, Building 1, 129226 Moscow, Russia
- State University of Management (SUM), 99 Ryazanskij Prospect Street, 109542 Moscow, Russia
- World-Class Scientific Center “Agrotechnologies for the Future” (CAAT), Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya Street, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.E.M.); (M.V.L.); Tel.: +79-15-461-9446 (S.E.M.); +79-09-661-3318 (M.V.L.)
| | | | - Vugar Urfat oglu Isaev
- Gobustan National Historical-Artistic Preserve, Gobustan Settlement, AZ1080 Baku, Azerbaijan
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Cardoso RC, Ferreira RL, Souza-Silva M. Multi-spatial analysis on cave ecosystems to predict the diversity of subterranean invertebrates. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Reis-Venâncio PC, Rabelo LM, Pellegrini TG, Ferreira RL. From light to darkness: the duality of influence of habitat heterogeneity on Neotropical terrestrial cave invertebrate communities. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2022.2095832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo César Reis-Venâncio
- Conservação, Universidade Federal de LavrasCentro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e, Lavras, Brazil
- Conservação (DEC), Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)PPG- Ecologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ecologia e, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Mendes Rabelo
- Conservação, Universidade Federal de LavrasCentro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Thais Giovannini Pellegrini
- Conservação, Universidade Federal de LavrasCentro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira
- Conservação, Universidade Federal de LavrasCentro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e, Lavras, Brazil
- Conservação (DEC), Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)PPG- Ecologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ecologia e, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Borisov RR, Chertoprud ES, Palatov DM, Novichkova AA. Variability in macrozoobenthic assemblages along a gradient of environmental conditions in the stream water of karst caves (Lower Shakuranskaya Cave, western Caucasus). SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.39.65733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fauna of the stream water in the Lower Shakuranskaya Cave in central Abkhazia, western Caucasus, was studied. This cave has a large inlet and an extended entrance ecotone area of approximately 60 m, which makes it a convenient area for studying macrozoobenthic assemblages across a gradient of environmental factors. The cave has 13 species of stygobionts, 10 species of stygophiles and 18 species of stygoxenes. The number of species and the abundance and biomass of stygobionts per station were the highest near the boundary of the photic zone, at a distance of 50–60 m from the entrance to the cave, and gradually decreased toward both the remote parts of the cavity and the cave exit. The most abundant stygobionts were gastropod mollusks of the Hydrobiidae family, and Xiphocaridinella shrimp comprised the main part of the biomass. It has been shown that the main environmental factors determining the distribution of macrozoobenthos are luminosity and distance from the entrance to a cave. According to the differences in their reactions to these environmental factors, several groups of species were identified. In addition, three main assemblages of macrozoobenthic species were described: (1) an assemblage of epigean species near the cave entrance area; (2) stygobionts in remote parts of the cave outside the photic zone; and (3) a mixed assemblage in the cave ecotone, where a faint light penetrates. The specific details related to the faunal structure in the ecotone of the cave are discussed, as well as active and passive methods by which stygoxenes invade underground cavities.
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Manenti R, Piazza B. Between darkness and light: spring habitats provide new perspectives for modern researchers on groundwater biology. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11711. [PMID: 34395066 PMCID: PMC8320523 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Springs are interfaces between groundwater and surface habitats and may play an important role in the study of subterranean animals. In this systematic evidence review and meta-analysis, we explore whether observations of stygobionts in springs are relevant and more common than observations of epigean animals in groundwater. We searched the Web of Science database for papers on groundwater fauna and spring fauna. For each paper we found, we recorded whether the paper reported the occurrence of typical stygobionts in springs, of surface animals in groundwater, or of the same taxa in both habitats. If so, we recorded how many such species were reported. We also recorded the scientific discipline of each study and the year of publication. Our search yielded 342 papers. A considerable number of these papers reported stygobionts in springs: 20% of papers dealing with groundwater fauna and 16% of papers dealing with spring fauna reported the occurrence of stygobionts in spring habitats. Both the number of papers that mentioned stygobionts in springs, and the number of stygobiont species that were documented in springs, were higher than equivalent measures for the occurrence of surface fauna underground. We also detected a positive relationship between year of publication and the number of reports of stygofauna in springs. To broaden the insights from biological research on underground environments, we suggest that springs should be considered not only as simple sampling points of stygobionts but also as core stygobiont habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Manenti
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Lombardia, Italy.,Parco Regionale del Monte Barro, Laboratorio di Biologia Sotterranea "Enrico Pezzoli", Galbiate, Italy
| | - Beatrice Piazza
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
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Eusébio RP, Enghoff H, Solodovnikov A, Michelsen A, Barranco P, Salgado JM, Sendra A, Reboleira ASPS. Temporal and spatial dynamics of arthropod groups in terrestrial subsurface habitats in central Portugal. ZOOLOGY 2021; 147:125931. [PMID: 34144338 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2021.125931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) can act as a climatic refuge for invertebrates, as a biogeographic corridor to deeper substrates or as a permanent habitat for some species. This study characterizes the seasonal invertebrate diversity and abundance of MSS ecosystems in central Portugal focusing on Diplopoda, Diplura, Orthoptera and Coleoptera during one year. Sampling was performed with standard MSS pitfalls in scree slopes (colluvial MSS) of karst areas and environmental parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity, water content, organic carbon, nitrate, phosphate and ammonium) were quantified. Our results show that winter was the season with the highest arthropod abundance and that the MSS acts as a permanent habitat for chordeumatidan millipedes and as a climatic refuge for orthopterans and most beetles. All Diplura collected belong to a single species known previously from surface habitats in the Iberian Peninsula, which does not seem to use the Portuguese MSS as a refuge. MSS habitats in central Portugal, classified as western Mediterranean and thermophile deposits protected by the Natura 2000 network based on plant communities and geology, revealed an abundant and diverse invertebrate community that urges characterization and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Eusébio
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - H Enghoff
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A Solodovnikov
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Universitetskaja emb. 1, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - A Michelsen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - P Barranco
- CECOUAL, Departamento de Biología y Geología, CITE-IIB, Universidad de Almería, Spain
| | - J M Salgado
- Departamento de Ecologia y Biologia Animal, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Sendra
- Colecciones Entomológicas Torres-Sala, Servei de Patrimoni Històric, Ajuntament de València, València, Spain
| | - A S P S Reboleira
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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9
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Cave lithology effect on subterranean biodiversity: A case study in quartzite and granitoid caves. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2020.103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Exploring the Interplay Between Local and Regional Drivers of Distribution of a Subterranean Organism. DIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/d11080119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Caves are excellent model systems to study the effects of abiotic factors on species distributions due to their selective conditions. Different ecological factors have been shown to affect species distribution depending on the scale of analysis, whether regional or local. The interplay between local and regional factors in explaining the spatial distribution of cave-dwelling organisms is poorly understood. Using the troglophilic subterranean spider Artema nephilit (Araneae: Pholcidae) as a model organism, we investigated whether similar environmental predictors drive the species distribution at these two spatial scales. At the local scale, we monitored the abundance of the spiders and measured relevant environmental features in 33 caves along the Jordan Rift Valley. We then extended the analysis to a regional scale, investigating the drivers of the distribution using species distribution models. We found that similar ecological factors determined the distribution at both local and regional scales for A. nephilit. At a local scale, the species was found to preferentially occupy the outermost, illuminated, and warmer sectors of caves. Similarly, mean annual temperature, annual temperature range, and solar radiation were the most important drivers of its regional distribution. By investigating these two spatial scales simultaneously, we showed that it was possible to achieve an in-depth understanding of the environmental conditions that governs subterranean species distribution.
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11
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Mammola S, Isaia M. Day–night and seasonal variations of a subterranean invertebrate community in the twilight zone. SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.27.28909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Being characterized by the absence of light and a reduced environmental cyclicity, the subterranean domain is generally regarded as temporally stable. Yet, in the proximity of cave entrances (twilight zones), patterns of sunlight and darkness can be detected within the 24-hour day–night cycle. In parallel, changes in the abiotic and biotic conditions are expected; however, these patterns have been rarely explored in animal communities dwelling in the twilight zone. We performed a biological investigation in a small abandoned mine in the Western Alps, monitoring it once per season, both during the day and at night. At each survey, we collected data on the spatial distribution of the resident species, their activity patterns, and the main microclimatic parameters. We observed significant daily variations in the environmental conditions during winter and spring, namely higher temperature, relative humidity and availability of trophic resources at night. In conjunction with these disparate nocturnal conditions, the abundance of troglophile species was also higher, as well as the activity patterns of one of the most frequent species inhabiting the entrance area – the orb-weaver spiderMetamenardi. We further documented temporal changes in the composition of the parietal community, due to species using the mine as a diurnal, nocturnal or overwintering shelter. Overall, our results suggest that the communities of the twilight zone are not temporally stable and we highlight the importance of taking into account not only their seasonal, but also their daily variations.
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Jiménez-Valverde A, Sendra A, Garay P, Reboleira ASPS. Energy and speleogenesis: Key determinants of terrestrial species richness in caves. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10207-10215. [PMID: 29238548 PMCID: PMC5723612 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to unravel the relative role played by speleogenesis (i.e., the process in which a cave is formed), landscape‐scale variables, and geophysical factors in the determination of species richness in caves. Biological inventories from 21 caves located in the southeastern Iberian Peninsula along with partial least square (PLS) regression analysis were used to assess the relative importance of the different explanatory variables. The caves were grouped according to the similarity in their species composition; the effect that spatial distance could have on similarity was also studied using correlation between matrices. The energy and speleogenesis of caves accounted for 44.3% of the variation in species richness. The trophic level of each cave was the most significant factor in PLS regression analysis, and epigenic caves (i.e., those formed by the action of percolating water) had significantly more species than hypogenic ones (i.e., those formed by the action of upward flows in confined aquifers). Dissimilarity among the caves was very high (multiple‐site βsim = 0.92). Two main groups of caves were revealed through the cluster analysis, one formed by the western caves and the other by the eastern ones. The significant—but low—correlation found between faunistic dissimilarity and geographical distance (r = .16) disappeared once the caves were split into the two groups. The extreme beta‐diversity suggests a very low connection among the caves and/or a very low dispersal capacity of the species. In the region under study, two main factors are intimately related to the richness of terrestrial subterranean species in caves: the amount of organic material (trophic level) and the formation process (genesis). This is the first time that the history of a cave genesis has been quantitatively considered to assess its importance in explaining richness patterns in comparison with other factors more widely recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Jiménez-Valverde
- Grupo de Investigación de Biología del Suelo y de los Ecosistemas Subterráneos Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida Facultad de Biología Ciencias Ambientales y Química Universidad de Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Alberto Sendra
- Grupo de Investigación de Biología del Suelo y de los Ecosistemas Subterráneos Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida Facultad de Biología Ciencias Ambientales y Química Universidad de Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain.,Servei de Patrimoni Historic Ajuntament de València Spain
| | - Policarp Garay
- Departament de Geologia Universitat de València Burjassot Spain
| | - Ana Sofia P S Reboleira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal.,Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum) University of Copenhagen København Ø Denmark
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Luría-Manzano R, Ramírez-Bautista A. Diet comparison between rainforest and cave populations of Craugastor alfredi (Anura: Craugastoridae): does diet vary in contrasting habitats? J NAT HIST 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1366573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Luría-Manzano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, México
| | - Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, México
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Pellegrini TG, Ferreira RL. Are inner cave communities more stable than entrance communities in Lapa Nova show cave? SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.20.9334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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High endemism at cave entrances: a case study of spiders of the genus Uthina. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35757. [PMID: 27775081 PMCID: PMC5075877 DOI: 10.1038/srep35757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endemism, which is typically high on islands and in caves, has rarely been studied in the cave entrance ecotone. We investigated the endemism of the spider genus Uthina at cave entrances. Totally 212 spiders were sampled from 46 localities, from Seychelles across Southeast Asia to Fiji. They mostly occur at cave entrances but occasionally appear at various epigean environments. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data from COI and 28S genes suggested that Uthina was grouped into 13 well-supported clades. We used three methods, the Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) model, the Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography (BPP) method, and the general mixed Yule coalescent (GMYC) model, to investigate species boundaries. Both bPTP and BPP identified the 13 clades as 13 separate species, while GMYC identified 19 species. Furthermore, our results revealed high endemism at cave entrances. Of the 13 provisional species, twelve (one known and eleven new) are endemic to one or a cluster of caves, and all of them occurred only at cave entrances except for one population of one species. The only widely distributed species, U. luzonica, mostly occurred in epigean environments while three populations were found at cave entrances. Additionally, eleven new species of the genus are described.
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Mammola S, Giachino PM, Piano E, Jones A, Barberis M, Badino G, Isaia M. Ecology and sampling techniques of an understudied subterranean habitat: the Milieu Souterrain Superficiel (MSS). Naturwissenschaften 2016; 103:88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-016-1413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Mammola S, Hormiga G, Arnedo MA, Isaia M. Unexpected diversity in the relictual European spiders of the genus Pimoa (Araneae : Pimoidae). INVERTEBR SYST 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/is16017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pimoidae is a small family of araneoid spiders, hitherto represented in Europe by two species with disjunct distribution in the Alps and in the Cantabrian Mountains of northern Spain. Here we report the description of two additional European species of Pimoa, discovered within the range of the only former alpine species, P. rupicola: P. graphitica sp. nov. and P. delphinica sp. nov. The new species are distinguished from the latter by genitalic characters as well as by molecular characters. On the basis of the re-examination of old and recent abundant material collected in caves and other subterranean habitats, we revise the distribution patterns of the genus Pimoa in the Alps and outline the species distribution ranges. Molecular data suggest the existence of gene flow between populations of the two new species when in sympatry. The different species probably originated in the alpine region as a result of range contractions following dramatic climatic changes in the Alps since the mid Miocene. We interpreted the present-day overlapping distribution in light of a possible postglacial expansion. Finally, we provide insights on the natural history and life cycles of the new species and discuss their phylogenetic relationships within Pimoidae.
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Souza-Silva M, Lopes Ferreira R, Simões MH. Cave physical attributes influencing the structure of terrestrial invertebrate communities in Neotropics. SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.16.5470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Souza Silva M, Lopes Ferreira R. Cave invertebrates in Espírito Santo state, Brazil: a primary analysis of endemism, threats and conservation priorities. SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.16.5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ferreira RL, Martins VM, Paixão EA, Silva MS. Spatial and temporal fluctuations of the abundance of Neotropical cave-dwelling moth Hypena sp. (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera) influenced by temperature and humidity. SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.16.5137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Souza Silva M, Martins RP, Ferreira RL. Cave conservation priority index to adopt a rapid protection strategy: a case study in Brazilian Atlantic rain forest. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 55:279-295. [PMID: 25528593 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-014-0414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cave environments are characterized by possessing specialized fauna living in high environmental stability with limited food conditions. These fauna are highly vulnerable to impacts, because this condition can frequently be easily altered. Moreover, environmental determinants of the biodiversity patterns of caves remain poorly understood and protected. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to propose a cave conservation priority index (CCPi) for a rapid assessment for troglobiotic and troglophile protection. Furthermore, the troglobiotic diversity, distribution and threats have been mapped in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. To propose the CCPi, the human impacts and richness of troglobiotic and troglophile species of 100 caves were associated. Data related to troglomorphic/troglobiotic fauna from another 200 caves were used to map the troglobiotic diversity and distribution. The CCPi reveals extremely high conservation priority for 15% of the caves, high for 36% and average for 46% of the caves. Fourteen caves with extremely high priorities should have urgent conservation and management actions. The geographical distribution of the 221 known troglobiotic/troglomorphic species allowed us to select 19 karst areas that need conservation actions. Seven areas were considered to have urgent priority for conservation actions. The two richest areas correspond to the "iron quadrangle" with iron ore caves (67 spp.) and the "Açungui limestone group" (56 spp.). Both areas have several caves and are important aquifers. The use of the CCPi can prevent future losses because it helps assessors to select caves with priorities for conservation which should receive emergency attention in relation to protection, management and conservation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marconi Souza Silva
- Setor de Zoologia Geral, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CP.3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil,
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Salgado SS, Motta PC, de Souza Aguiar LM, Nardoto GB. Tracking dietary habits of cave arthropods associated with deposits of hematophagous bat guano: A study from a neotropical savanna. AUSTRAL ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone S. Salgado
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Paulo C. Motta
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro; Brasília DF Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela B. Nardoto
- Faculdade UnB Planaltina; Universidade de Brasília; Campus UnB Planaltina Brasília DF 73345-010 Brazil
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Nitzu E, Nae A, Băncilă R, Popa I, Giurginca A, Plăiaşu R. Scree habitats: ecological function, species conservation and spatial-temporal variation in the arthropod community. SYST BIODIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2013.878766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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HILLS NICOLE, HOSE GRANTC, CANTLAY ANDREWJ, MURRAY BRADR. Cave invertebrate assemblages differ between native and exotic leaf litter. AUSTRAL ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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