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Martinez A, Apostolo R, Herrera R, Gardner D, Borrelli L, Zabaleta G, Robles C, Ferrería J. Pine needle abortions in cattle due to consumption of Pinus ponderosa in Argentina: Case reports. Toxicon 2024; 242:107712. [PMID: 38614243 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Two outbreaks of pine needle abortions in cattle are here reported for the first time in Argentina. The cases occurred in Chubut and Neuquén provinces in the Patagonia region, causing 29.6% and 9% of abortions in each herd respectively. In both outbreaks, the dams were in the last third of gestation, and, due to a period of cold, snow and lack of available forage, they gained access to Pinus ponderosa and Pinus contorta forests. No pathological lesions, serological, molecular, or microbiological evidence of infectious causes were observed in any of the six fetuses analyzed. Microhistological analysis of feces confirmed higher presence of fragments of Pinus spp. needles in the diet of affected dams than in that of non-affected ones (12.2 vs 3.0%). Moreover, toxicological analysis showed higher tetrahydroagathic acid in the sera of affected dams than in that of non-affected ones (10.05 vs 2.81 ppm). In addition, this acid was detected in different fetal fluids (3.6-8.1 ppm) of the six fetuses analyzed. Interestingly, isocupressic acid was detected only in needles of P. ponderosa, and its content was lower than that found in other areas of the world (0.31 and 0.5% in Chubut and Neuquén respectively). These results confirm that the consumption of P. ponderosa by dams could have been the cause of these abortion outbreaks, a fact that should be considered as differential diagnosis in abortions of cattle, especially in silvopastoral systems of Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinez
- Grupo de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - R Apostolo
- Grupo Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - R Herrera
- Grupo de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - D Gardner
- USDA ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, 84341, USA
| | - L Borrelli
- Laboratorio de Microhistología Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - G Zabaleta
- Grupo de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - C Robles
- Grupo de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - J Ferrería
- Freelance Vet - San Martín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
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Brancatelli GIE, Amodeo MR, Zalba SM. Modeling population dynamics of invasive pines to optimize their control in native grasslands of Argentina. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:120897. [PMID: 38669881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The spread of invasive alien species over natural environments has become one of the most serious threats to biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems worldwide. Understanding the population attributes that allow a given species to become invasive is crucial for improving prevention and control interventions. Pampas grasslands are particularly sensitive to the invasion of exotic woody plants. In particular, the Ventania Mountains undergo the advance of alien woody plants; among which the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) stands out due to the extension of the area it covers and the magnitude of the ecological changes associated to its presence. Using a model that describes the population dynamics of the species in the area, we evaluated the expected behavior of the population under different environmental conditions and different management scenarios. When the effect of stochastic fires was simulated, the growth rate was greater than 1 for all the frequencies considered, peaking under fires every nine years, on average. When evaluating the effect of periodic mechanical control of the adult population, the reduction in growth rate was insufficient, except for cutting intensities that significantly exceeded the current operational capacity of the area. Under prescribed fire scenarios, on the other hand, burning frequencies greater than seven years resulted in population reductions. The results highlight the importance of fire in regulating the population of P. halepensis in the Ventania Mountains, with contrasting effects depending on the frequency with which it occurs, which allows considering it as an effective environmental management option for the control of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela I E Brancatelli
- GEKKO, Grupo de Estudios en Conservación y Manejo, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Martín R Amodeo
- GEKKO, Grupo de Estudios en Conservación y Manejo, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; CONICET Bahía Blanca, Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Sergio M Zalba
- GEKKO, Grupo de Estudios en Conservación y Manejo, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Pinus contorta Alters Microenvironmental Conditions and Reduces Plant Diversity in Patagonian Ecosystems. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15030320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Pinus contorta is considered one of the most invasive tree species worldwide, generating significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. In several Patagonian ecosystems in southern Chile, it has escaped from plantations established mainly in the 1970s, and is now invading both forests and treeless environments. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the invasion of P. contorta on microenvironmental conditions in Araucaria araucana forest and Patagonian steppe ecosystems, and assessed how these changes related to the richness and abundance of native and non-native plant species. In each ecosystem, 24 plots of 100 m2 were established along a gradient of P. contorta biomass, where 18 environmental variables and the composition of native and non-native vegetation were measured at a local scale. Our results indicated that increased pine biomass was associated with differences in microclimatic conditions (soil and air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and soil moisture) and soil properties (potassium, nitrate, pH, and litter accumulation). These changes were ecosystem dependent, however, as well as associated with the level of invasion. Finally, the reduction in the richness and abundance of native plants was associated with the changes in soil properties (accumulation of leaf litter, pH, and organic matter) as well as in the microclimate (minimum air temperature, PAR) generated by the invasion of P. contorta. Overall, our results confirm that the invasion of P. contorta impacts microenvironmental conditions (i.e., canopy cover, litter accumulation, minimum air temperature, and maximum soil temperature) and reduces native plant diversity. For future restoration plans, more emphasis should be given to how environmental changes can influence the recovery of invaded ecosystems even after the removal of the living pine biomass (i.e., legacy of the invasion).
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Calviño CI, Brion C, Damascos M, Grosfeld J, Puntieri J, Vidal Russell R, Ezcurra C. Las bases importan: relevamiento de plantas nativas y exóticas de los Parques Nacionales del noroeste de la Patagonia. BOLETÍN DE LA SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA 2023. [DOI: 10.31055/1851.2372.v58.n1.38419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introducción y objetivos: Los inventarios en áreas protegidas son indispensables para planificar acciones de conservación. Se propone: proveer una base de datos de las especies de plantas vasculares de los Parques Nacionales del noroeste de Patagonia, Argentina, destacar la singularidad de los Parques y analizar la incidencia de las especies exóticas en las áreas protegidas de la región.
M&M: Se realizó una base de datos de las especies de los Parques Nacionales Lanín, Nahuel Huapi (incluyendo al PN Los Arrayanes), Lago Puelo y Los Alerces. Para cada especie se registraron las variables: familia botánica, nombre científico, nombre común, carácter nativo o exótico para Argentina, hábito y ambiente. La presencia de especies se respaldó mediante un ejemplar de herbario de referencia. Se analizaron la riqueza y composición taxonómica de especies nativas y exóticas, y de especies nativas exclusivas de cada Parque y de exóticas presentes en todos los Parques. También se determinó la riqueza de especies por hábito y ambiente.
Resultados: Se registraron en total 1304 especies, subespecies y variedades, 975 nativas de Argentina y 329 exóticas. El porcentaje de especies exóticas varió entre 17% (Lanín) y 31% (Lago Puelo).
Conclusiones: Los Parques analizados poseen una flora nativa diversa y singular y su biodiversidad puede verse fuertemente amenazada por el alto porcentaje de especies de plantas exóticas presentes. La base de datos generada es una herramienta fundamental para planificar políticas de conservación y manejo de los Parques.
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Moyano J, Zamora-Nasca LB, Caplat P, García-Díaz P, Langdon B, Lambin X, Montti L, Pauchard A, Nuñez MA. Predicting the impact of invasive trees from different measures of abundance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116480. [PMID: 36306626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions produce negative impacts worldwide, causing massive economic costs and ecological impacts. Knowing the relationship between invasive species abundance and the magnitude of their impacts (abundance-impact curves) is critical to designing prevention and management strategies that effectively tackle these impacts. However, different measures of abundance may produce different abundance-impact curves. Woody plants are among the most transformative invaders, especially in grassland ecosystems because of the introduction of hitherto absent life forms. In this study, our first goal was to assess the impact of a woody invader, Pinus contorta (hereafter pine), on native grassland productivity and livestock grazing in Patagonia (Argentina), building abundance-impact curves. Our second goal, was to compare different measure of pine abundance (density, basal area and canopy cover) as predictors of pine's impact on grassland productivity. Our third goal, was to compare abundance-impact curves among the mentioned measures of pine abundance and among different measures of impact: total grassland productivity, palatable productivity and sheep stocking rate (the number of sheep that the grassland can sustainably support). Pine canopy cover, closely followed by basal area, was the measure of abundance that best explained the impact on grassland productivity, but the shape of abundance impact curves differed between measures of abundance. While increases in pine density and basal area always reduced grassland productivity, pine canopy cover below 30% slightly increased grassland productivity and higher values caused an exponential decline. This increase in grassland productivity with low levels of pine canopy cover could be explained by the amelioration of stressful abiotic conditions for grassland species. Different measures of impact, namely total productivity, palatable productivity and sheep stocking rate, drew very similar results. Our abundance-impact curves are key to guide the management of invasive pines because a proper assessment of how many invasive individuals (per surface unit) are unacceptable, according to environmental or economic impact thresholds, is fundamental to define when to start management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Moyano
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP, 8400, Argentina.
| | - Lucia B Zamora-Nasca
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación, Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP, 8400, Argentina
| | - Paul Caplat
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Pablo García-Díaz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Bárbara Langdon
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB). Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria, 631, Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Xavier Lambin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Lía Montti
- Instituto de Ecología Regional (UNT-CONICET) Tucumán, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Instituto de Geología de Costas-CIC, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB). Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria, 631, Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP, 8400, Argentina; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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Policelli N, Hoeksema JD, Moyano J, Vilgalys R, Vivelo S, Bhatnagar JM. Global pine tree invasions are linked to invasive root symbionts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:16-21. [PMID: 36221214 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel Policelli
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jason D Hoeksema
- Department of Biology, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Jaime Moyano
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, San Carlos de Bariloche, 8400, Argentina
| | - Rytas Vilgalys
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sasha Vivelo
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Simões-Clivatti TRO, Hernández MIM. Ecological indication metrics on dung beetles metacommunities in native forests and Pinus monocultures. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.972176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae are commonly used as ecological indicators in studies about the effects of environmental changes. We analyzed the influence of the type of habitat, vegetation, mammals (as food resource), and temperature on dung beetle metacommunities in subtropical native forests and Pinus monocultures to evaluate the factors driving these assemblages. In the summer of 2018/2019, we sampled 12 areas in Southern Brazil, six Pinus monocultures and six native forests. We performed a dispersal test, applying a marking-recapture method. Some recaptures occurred in different habitats, showing low dispersal between habitats. We recorded behavioral activities confirming the use of both native forest and Pinus areas. The metrics did not reflect the difference in the environmental quality of the areas regarding species richness and diversity in different habitats. This shows that these metrics are not the best when using dung beetle assemblages as ecological indicators of biodiversity loss resulting from land-use changes, requiring complementing the analysis with composition analysis methods. When we partitioned beta diversity between habitats, we observed a dissimilarity between Pinus monocultures and native forest assemblages due to species substitution, with many species contributing to the dissimilarity between habitats. In our structural equation models, the influence of environmental factors on metacommunities showed no predictor related to dung beetle richness, but several variables influenced their abundance.
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Surviving in a hostile landscape: Nothofagus alessandrii remnant forests threatened by mega-fires and exotic pine invasion in the coastal range of central Chile. ORYX 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0030605322000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nothofagus alessandrii, categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, is an endemic, deciduous tree species of the coastal range of central Chile. We assessed the effects of fire severity, invasion by the exotic fire-prone Pinus radiata, and land-cover composition and configuration of the landscape on the resilience of fragments of N. alessandrii after a mega-fire in 2017. We used remote sensing data to estimate land-use classes and cover, fire severity and invasion cover of P. radiata. We monitored forest composition and structure and post-fire responses of N. alessandrii forests in situ for 2 years after the mega-fire. In the coastal Maule region wildfires have been favoured by intense drought and widespread exotic pine plantations, increasing the ability of fire-adapted invasive species to colonize native forest remnants. Over 85% of N. alessandrii forests were moderately or severely burnt. The propagation and severity of fire was probably amplified by the exotic pines located along the edges of, or inside, the N. alessandrii fragments and the highly flammable pine plantations surrounding these fragments (> 60% of land use is pine plantations). Pinus radiata, a fire-adapted pioneer species, showed strong post-fire recruitment within the N. alessandrii fragments, especially those severely burnt. Positive feedback between climate change (i.e. droughts and heat waves), wildfires and pine invasions is driving N. alessandrii forests into an undesirable and probably irreversible state (i.e. a landscape trap). A large-scale restoration programme to design a diverse and less flammable landscape is needed to avoid the loss of these highly threatened forest ecosystems.
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Bellingham PJ, Arnst EA, Clarkson BD, Etherington TR, Forester LJ, Shaw WB, Sprague R, Wiser SK, Peltzer DA. The right tree in the right place? A major economic tree species poses major ecological threats. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTree species in the Pinaceae are some of the most widely introduced non-native tree species globally, especially in the southern hemisphere. In New Zealand, plantations of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) occupy c. 1.6 million ha and form 90% of planted forests. Although radiata pine has naturalized since 1904, there is a general view in New Zealand that this species has not invaded widely. We comprehensively review where radiata pine has invaded throughout New Zealand. We used a combination of observational data and climate niche modelling to reveal that invasion has occurred nationally. Climate niche modelling demonstrates that while current occurrences are patchy, up to 76% of the land area (i.e. 211,388 km2) is climatically capable of supporting populations. Radiata pine has mainly invaded grasslands and shrublands, but also some forests. Notably, it has invaded lower-statured vegetation, including three classes of naturally uncommon ecosystems, primary successions and secondary successions. Overall, our findings demonstrate pervasive and ongoing invasion of radiata pine outside plantations. The relatively high growth rates and per individual effects of radiata pine may result in strong effects on naturally uncommon ecosystems and may alter successional trajectories. Local and central government currently manage radiata pine invasions while propagule pressure from existing and new plantations grows, hence greater emphasis is warranted both on managing current invasions and proactively preventing future radiata pine invasions. We therefore recommend a levy on new non-native conifer plantations to offset costs of managing invasions, and stricter regulations to protect vulnerable ecosystems. A levy on economic uses of invasive species to offset costs of managing invasions alongside stricter regulations to protect vulnerable ecosystems could be a widely adopted measure to avert future negative impacts.
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Porto AB, do Prado MAPF, Rodrigues LDS, Overbeck GE. Restoration of subtropical grasslands degraded by non‐native pine plantations: Effects of litter removal and hay transfer. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Boeira Porto
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Botânica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Lucas dos Santos Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Gerhard Ernst Overbeck
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Botânica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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11
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The interplay of disturbance, vegetation structure, and propagule pressure contributes to Pinus kesiya invasion in Tapia woodland, Madagascar. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Policelli N, Horton TR, Kitzberger T, Nuñez MA. Invasive ectomycorrhizal fungi can disperse in the absence of their known vectors. FUNGAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2021.101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Policelli N, Vietorisz C, Bhatnagar JM, Nuñez MA. Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Invasions in Southern South America. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12994-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Madelón M, Aguirre-Acosta N, Acosta MC, Montti L, Qi W, Aguilar R. Genetic reconstruction of potential invasion pathways of Ligustrum lucidum into Argentina. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2021.103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Castro-Díez P, Alonso Á, Saldaña-López A, Granda E. Effects of widespread non-native trees on regulating ecosystem services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146141. [PMID: 33711596 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tree taxa are often planted beyond their native range to increase the provision of some ecosystem services. Yet, they can disrupt ecosystem processes in their new ranges, causing changes in the provision of other services. Here we review the effects of five widespread tree taxa (Acacia, Ailanthus, Eucalyptus, Pinus and Robinia) on six regulating ecosystem services in areas where they are non-native. We conducted a literature search for pair-wise comparisons between sites dominated by any of the selected taxa and sites with native vegetation. An array of variables were used as indicators for each ecosystem service. Data were analysed using multi-level meta-analyses to compare effects of taxa on each ecosystem service, and effects of the same taxa across contexts. We compiled 857 case studies from 107 source papers. Several taxa tended to increase climate regulation, mostly Eucalyptus. Acacia decreased fire risk prevention. Robinia, Acacia and Ailanthus increased soil fertility, while Eucalyptus and Pinus, tended to decrease it. Soil formation was enhanced by Robinia and Ailanthus. Acacia promoted the increase of water in land pools, while Eucalyptus tended to decrease them. All effects show a large heterogeneity across case studies. Part of this heterogeneity could be attributed to gross climatic differences (i.e. biome), to species differences within each genus, to the structure of the recipient ecosystem, and/or to human management. Managers and policy-makers should consider the context-dependency and the potential effects of non-native trees on a wide range of services to ground their decisions. Our analyses also revealed important gaps of knowledge (e.g. on fire risk prevention, erosion control or water cycle regulation) and some potential publication bias. The methodology used here easily allows for future updates as new information will become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Castro-Díez
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Alonso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Asunción Saldaña-López
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Granda
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Miashike RL, Kortz AR, Zarate do Couto HT, Pivello VR. Can demographic rates of early development stages justify invasion success among three pine species in the Cerrado biodiversity hotspot? AUSTRAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roseli Lika Miashike
- LEPaC Ecology Department‐IB Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão, Travessa 14 São Paulo SPCEP 05508‐090Brazil
| | - Alessandra Rocha Kortz
- LEPaC Ecology Department‐IB Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão, Travessa 14 São Paulo SPCEP 05508‐090Brazil
| | | | - Vania Regina Pivello
- LEPaC Ecology Department‐IB Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão, Travessa 14 São Paulo SPCEP 05508‐090Brazil
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17
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Brancatelli GIE, Amodeo MR, Zalba SM. Seedling emergence and survival of invasive pines in Argentinian mountain grasslands. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Larsen JG, Fockink GD, Redin CL, JÚnior CFS, Zangalli C, Correoso CTC, Santos GND, Buss TOL, Santos VD, Silva ACDA, Higuchi P. Functional niche differences between native and invasive tree species from the southern Brazilian mixed forest. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200410. [PMID: 33111822 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasion is a major threat to global biodiversity and ecosystem services. We examined the functional traits similarity between a set of native and non-native invasive tree species from the Southern Brazilian subtropical mixed forest, part of an important global hotspot for biodiversity conservation. We hypothesized that invasive species occupy marginal niche spaces. We ordered the species using the Principal Component Analysis based on their wood density, leaf area, and specific leaf area. These are all important traits that summarize essential ecological strategies associated with resource acquisition and conservation. Functional overlaps between non-native and native species were analyzed through kernel density estimation of continuous traits data. While native and non-native invasive species were distributed along the same functional gradients, the position of non-native species in the functional space is species and traits specific. We concluded that within Brazilian subtropical mixed forests, the functional dissimilarity as a key factor in invasion success could not be generalized for all species and traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina G Larsen
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme D Fockink
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Catieli L Redin
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - CezÁrio F S JÚnior
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Charline Zangalli
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Claudio T C Correoso
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme N Dos Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Taynara O L Buss
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Dos Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina DA Silva
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Pedro Higuchi
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina/UDESC, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, 88520-000 SC, Brazil
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Integrating across knowledge systems to drive action on chronic biological invasions. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Milani T, Jobbágy EG, Nuñez MA, Ferrero ME, Baldi G, Teste FP. Stealth invasions on the rise: rapid long-distance establishment of exotic pines in mountain grasslands of Argentina. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vlk L, Tedersoo L, Antl T, Větrovský T, Abarenkov K, Pergl J, Albrechtová J, Vosátka M, Baldrian P, Pyšek P, Kohout P. Alien ectomycorrhizal plants differ in their ability to interact with co-introduced and native ectomycorrhizal fungi in novel sites. THE ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:2336-2346. [PMID: 32499492 PMCID: PMC7608243 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-0692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alien plants represent a potential threat to environment and society. Understanding the process of alien plants naturalization is therefore of primary importance. In alien plants, successful establishment can be constrained by the absence of suitable fungal partners. Here, we used 42 independent datasets of ectomycorrhizal fungal (EcMF) communities associated with alien Pinaceae and Eucalyptus spp., as the most commonly introduced tree species worldwide, to explore the strategies these plant groups utilize to establish symbioses with EcMF in the areas of introduction. We have also determined the differences in composition of EcMF communities associated with alien ectomycorrhizal plants in different regions. While alien Pinaceae introduced to new regions rely upon association with co-introduced EcMF, alien Eucalyptus often form novel interactions with EcMF species native to the region where the plant was introduced. The region of origin primarily determines species composition of EcMF communities associated with alien Pinaceae in new areas, which may largely affect invasion potential of the alien plants. Our study shows that alien ectomycorrhizal plants largely differ in their ability to interact with co-introduced and native ectomycorrhizal fungi in sites of introduction, which may potentially affect their invasive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Vlk
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, 14a Ravila, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tomáš Antl
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Větrovský
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kessy Abarenkov
- Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, 14a Ravila, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jan Pergl
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Albrechtová
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Vosátka
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Baldrian
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Petr Kohout
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Lambin X, Burslem D, Caplat P, Cornulier T, Damasceno G, Fasola L, Fidelis A, García-Díaz P, Langdon B, Linardaki E, Montti L, Moyano J, Nuñez MA, Palmer SC, Pauchard A, Phimister E, Pizarro JC, Powell P, Raffo E, Rodriguez-Jorquera IA, Roesler I, Tomasevic JA, Travis JM, Verdugo C. CONTAIN: Optimising the long-term management of invasive alien species using adaptive management. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.59.52022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Invasive Alien Species (IAS) threaten biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services, modify landscapes and impose costs to national economies. Management efforts are underway globally to reduce these impacts, but little attention has been paid to optimising the use of the scarce available resources when IAS are impossible to eradicate, and therefore population reduction and containment of their advance are the only feasible solutions.CONTAIN, a three-year multinational project involving partners from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and the UK, started in 2019. It develops and tests, via case study examples, a decision-making toolbox for managing different problematic IAS over large spatial extents. Given that vast areas are invaded, spatial prioritisation of management is necessary, often based on sparse data. In turn, these characteristics imply the need to make the best decisions possible under likely heavy uncertainty.Our decision-support toolbox will integrate the following components:(i) the relevant environmental, social, cultural, and economic impacts, including their spatial distribution;(ii) the spatio-temporal dynamics of the target IAS (focusing on dispersal and population recovery);(iii) the relationship between the abundance of the IAS and its impacts;(iv) economic methods to estimate both benefits and costs to inform the spatial prioritisation of cost-effective interventions.To ensure that our approach is relevant for different contexts in Latin America, we are working with model species having contrasting modes of dispersal, which have large environmental and/or economic impacts, and for which data already exist (invasive pines, privet, wasps, and American mink). We will also model plausible scenarios for data-poor pine and grass species, which impact local people in Argentina, Brazil and Chile.We seek the most effective strategic management actions supported by empirical data on the species’ population dynamics and dispersal that underpin reinvasion, and on intervention costs in a spatial context. Our toolbox serves to identify key uncertainties driving the systems, and especially to highlight gaps where new data would most effectively reduce uncertainty on the best course of action. The problems we are tackling are complex, and we are embedding them in a process of co-operative adaptive management, so that both researchers and managers continually improve their effectiveness by confronting different models to data. Our project is also building research capacity in Latin America by sharing knowledge/information between countries and disciplines (i.e., biological, social and economic), by training early-career researchers through research visits, through our continuous collaboration with other researchers and by training and engaging stakeholders via workshops. Finally, all these activities will establish an international network of researchers, managers and decision-makers. We expect that our lessons learned will be of use in other regions of the world where complex and inherently context-specific realities shape how societies deal with IAS.
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Zamora-Nasca LB, Dimarco RD, Nassini D, Alvear PA, Mayoral A, Nuñez MA, Relva MA. Sheep feeding preference as a tool to control pine invasion in Patagonia: influence of foliar toughness, terpenoids and resin content. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12113. [PMID: 32694547 PMCID: PMC7374590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbivores modulate the structure and composition of plant communities, including plant invasions. This is conditioned by plant palatability which can be reduced by its chemical or physical traits. The effects that ungulates browsing has on pine invasions are variable and the empirical evidence on the causes of this variability is scarce. We experimentally explored how sheep browsing preference varies between seedlings of pine species with different invasiveness; Pinus contorta (high invasiveness), P. ponderosa (medium invasiveness), P. radiata (medium invasiveness) and P. jeffreyi (low invasiveness). Secondly, we quantified anti-herbivory chemical compounds and physical traits of these species and related them with sheep preference observed. The browsing incidence of P. contorta was 68%, P. ponderosa 58%, P. radiata 29%, and P. jeffreyi 84%. Among anti-herbivory traits analyzed, α-pinene concentration had a negative effect on the probability of a terminal bud being browsed and on browsing intensity. Meanwhile, foliar toughness was negatively related to browsing intensity and water concentration was positively related to browsing intensity. Also, the most invasive species, P. contorta, was highly damaged. Thus, sheep herbivory could be slowing pine invasion rate; suggesting that could be considered a tool to control early invasions, especially for this particular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía B Zamora-Nasca
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Romina D Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, IFAB (INTA - CONICET), Modesta Victoria 4450, 8400, Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
| | - Daniela Nassini
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica y Control de Calidad. Complejo Tecnológico Pilcaniyeu, CNEA, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Alvear
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Ariel Mayoral
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Grupo Ecología de Invasiones. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - M Andrea Relva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Seasonality of feral horse grazing and invasion of Pinus halepensis in grasslands of the Austral Pampean Mountains (Argentina): management considerations. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Ripa RR, Franzese J, Premoli AC, Raffaele E. Increased canopy seed-storage in post-fire pine invaders suggests rapid selection mediated by fire. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Iop S, Gomes dos Santos T, Zanini Cechin S, Vélez‐Martin E, D. Pillar V, Inácio Prado P. The interplay between local and landscape scales on the density of pond‐dwelling anurans in subtropical grasslands. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Iop
- LAGE at the Department of Ecology Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Zanini Cechin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil
| | - Eduardo Vélez‐Martin
- Department of Ecology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Valério D. Pillar
- Department of Ecology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Paulo Inácio Prado
- LAGE at the Department of Ecology Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Moyano J, Rodriguez-Cabal MA, Nuñez MA. Highly invasive tree species are more dependent on mutualisms. Ecology 2020; 101:e02997. [PMID: 32002992 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Why some species become invasive while others do not remains an elusive question. It has been proposed that invasive species should depend less on mutualisms, because their spread would then be less constrained by the availability of mutualistic partners. We tested this idea with the genus Pinus, whose degree of invasiveness is known at the species level (being highly and negatively correlated with seed size), and which forms obligate mutualistic associations with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). Mycorrhizal dependence is defined as the degree to which a plant needs the mycorrhizal fungi to show the maximum growth. In this regard, we use plant growth response to mycorrhizal fungi as a proxy for mycorrhizal dependence. We assessed the responsiveness of Pinus species to EMF using 1,206 contrasts published on 34 species, and matched these data with data on Pinus species invasiveness. Surprisingly, we found that species that are more invasive depend more on mutualisms (EMF). Seedling growth of species with smaller seeds benefited more from mutualisms, indicating a higher dependence. A higher reliance on EMF could be part of a strategy in which small-seeded species produce more seeds that can disperse further, and these species are likely to establish only if facilitated by mycorrhizal fungi. On the contrary, big-seeded species showed a lower dependence on EMF, which may be explained by their tolerance to stressful conditions during establishment. However, the limited dispersal of larger seeds may limit the spread of these species. We present strong evidence against a venerable belief in ecology that species that rely more on mutualisms are less prone to invade, and suggest that in certain circumstances greater reliance on mutualists can increase spread capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Moyano
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina
| | - Mariano A Rodriguez-Cabal
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina.,Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405, USA
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina
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Medina M, Pérez Flores M, Goya JF, Campanello PI, Pinazo MA, Ritter LJ, Arturi MF. Native tree regeneration in native tree plantations: understanding the contribution of Araucaria angustifolia
to biodiversity conservation in the threatened Atlantic Forest in Argentina. AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Medina
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientales; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - Magali Pérez Flores
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientales; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - Juan Francisco Goya
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientales; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
| | - Paula Ines Campanello
- Facultad de Ingeniería; Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco; Esquel Argentina
| | | | - Luis Javier Ritter
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; Universidad Nacional de Misiones; Misiones Argentina
| | - Marcelo Fabian Arturi
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientales; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Argentina
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Global Actions for Managing Cactus Invasions. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100421. [PMID: 31623290 PMCID: PMC6843271 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The family Cactaceae Juss. contains some of the most widespread and damaging invasive alien plant species in the world, with Australia (39 species), South Africa (35) and Spain (24) being the main hotspots of invasion. The Global Cactus Working Group (IOBC GCWG) was launched in 2015 to improve international collaboration and identify key actions that can be taken to limit the impacts caused by cactus invasions worldwide. Based on the results of an on-line survey, information collated from a review of the scientific and grey literature, expertise of the authors, and because invasiveness appears to vary predictably across the family, we (the IOBC GCWG): (1) recommend that invasive and potentially invasive cacti are regulated, and to assist with this, propose five risk categories; (2) recommend that cactus invasions are treated physically or chemically before they become widespread; (3) advocate the use of biological control to manage widespread invasive species; and (4) encourage the development of public awareness and engagement initiatives to integrate all available knowledge and perspectives in the development and implementation of management actions, and address conflicts of interest, especially with the agricultural and ornamental sectors. Implementing these recommendations will require global co-operation. The IOBC GCWG aims to assist with this process through the dissemination of information and experience.
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Dendroecology of Pinus elliottii Engelm. reveals waves of invasion in a neotropical savanna. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zamora-Nasca LB, Relva MA, Núñez MA. Ungulate browsing on introduced pines differs between plant communities: Implications for invasion process and management. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía B. Zamora-Nasca
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Quintral 1250 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - M. Andrea Relva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Quintral 1250 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Martín A. Núñez
- Grupo Ecología de Invasiones; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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Sample M, Aslan CE, Policelli N, Sanford RL, Nielsen E, Nuñez MA. Increase in nonnative understorey vegetation cover after nonnative conifer removal and passive restoration. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Sample
- Landscape Conservation Initiative Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona 86011 USA
| | - Clare E. Aslan
- Landscape Conservation Initiative Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona 86011 USA
- School of Earth and Sustainability Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Nahuel Policelli
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones INIBIOMA CONICET Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Argentina
| | - Robert L. Sanford
- School of Earth and Sustainability Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Erik Nielsen
- School of Earth and Sustainability Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Martín A. Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones INIBIOMA CONICET Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Argentina
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Vargas N, Gonçalves SC, Franco-Molano AE, Restrepo S, Pringle A. In Colombia the Eurasian fungus Amanita muscaria is expanding its range into native, tropical Quercus humboldtii forests. Mycologia 2019; 111:758-771. [PMID: 31408397 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1636608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To meet a global demand for timber, tree plantations were established in South America during the first half of the 20th century. Extensive plantings of non-native species now are found in Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. In Colombia, miscellaneous plantations were established in the 1950s, during a period of intensive local logging, when policies to limit deforestation in native Quercus humboldtii forests were established. One unforeseen consequence of planting non-native trees was the simultaneous introduction and subsequent persistence of ectomycorrhizal fungi. We sought to document the origins and spread of the introduced Amanita muscaria found in Colombian plantations of the Mexican species Pinus patula, North American species P. taeda, and Australian species Acacia melanoxylon and Eucalyptus globulus. In Colombia, Amanita muscaria is establishing a novel association with native Q. humboldtii and has spread to local Q. humboldtii forests. According to a Bayesian phylogeny and haplotype analysis based on the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8-ITS2 (ITS barcode), A. muscaria individuals found in four exotic plant species, and those colonizing Q. humboldtii roots, have a Eurasian origin and belong to two Eurasian haplotypes. This is the first time the spread of an introduced mutualist fungus into native Colombian Q. humboldtii forests is reported. To arrest its spread, we suggest the use of local inocula made up of native fungi, instead of inocula of introduced fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vargas
- Laboratory of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Universidad de Los Andes , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Susana C Gonçalves
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra , 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Silvia Restrepo
- Laboratory of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Universidad de Los Andes , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Anne Pringle
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706.,Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706
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Using a natural population collapse of an invasive species to assess the benefits of invader control for native species. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nunez-Mir GC, Guo Q, Rejmánek M, Iannone BV, Fei S. Predicting invasiveness of exotic woody species using a traits-based framework. Ecology 2019; 100:e02797. [PMID: 31234233 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Identifying potentially invasive species and preventing their introduction and establishment are of critical importance in invasion ecology and land management. Although an extensive body of research has been dedicated to identifying traits that confer invasiveness, our current knowledge is still often inconclusive due to limitations in geographic extent and/or scope of traits analyzed. Here, using a comprehensive set of 45 traits, we performed a case study of invasive traits displayed by exotic woody plants in the United States (U.S.) by comparing 63 invasive and 794 non-invasive exotic woody plant species naturalized across the country. We found that invasive woody species often bear the following two key traits: vegetative reproduction and long-distance seed dispersal (via water, birds or mammals). Boosted classification tree models based on these traits accurately predicted species invasiveness (86% accuracy on average). Presented findings provide a generalized understanding of the relative importance of functional traits in identifying potentially invasive woody species in the U.S. The knowledge generated in this study can be used to improve current classification systems of non-native woody plants used by various U.S. governmental agencies and land managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C Nunez-Mir
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, USA
| | - Qinfeng Guo
- USDA Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, 3041 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA
| | - Marcel Rejmánek
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Basil V Iannone
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Songlin Fei
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, USA
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37
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Curtis CA, Pasquarella VJ, Bradley BA. Landscape characteristics of non-native pine plantations and invasions in Southern Chile. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Curtis
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; University of Massachusetts Amherst; 160 Holdsworth Way Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Valerie J. Pasquarella
- Department of Environmental Conservation; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Amherst Massachusetts USA
- DOI Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center; Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - Bethany A. Bradley
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; University of Massachusetts Amherst; 160 Holdsworth Way Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
- Department of Environmental Conservation; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Amherst Massachusetts USA
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38
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Kortz AR, Magurran AE. Increases in local richness (α-diversity) following invasion are offset by biotic homogenization in a biodiversity hotspot. Biol Lett 2019; 15:20190133. [PMID: 31088282 PMCID: PMC6548741 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The world's ecosystems are experiencing unparalleled rates of biodiversity change, with invasive species implicated as one of the drivers that restructure local assemblages. Here we focus on the processes leading to biodiversity change in a biodiversity hotspot, the Brazilian Cerrado. The null expectation that invasion leads to increase in local species richness is supported by our investigation of the grass layer in two key habitats (campo sujo and campo úmido). Our analysis uncovered a linear relationship between total richness and invasive richness at the plot level. However, because the invasive species-even though few in number-are widespread, their contribution to local richness (α-diversity) is offset by their homogenizing influence on composition (β-diversity). We thus identify a mechanism that can help explain the paradox that species richness is not declining in many local assemblages, yet compositional change is exceeding the predictions of ecological theory. As such, our results emphasize the importance of quantifying both α-diversity and β-diversity in assessments of biodiversity change in the contemporary world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra R. Kortz
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TH, UK
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Gómez P, Murúa M, San Martín J, Goncalves E, Bustamante RO. Maintaining close canopy cover prevents the invasion of Pinus radiata: Basic ecology to manage native forest invasibility. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210849. [PMID: 31125341 PMCID: PMC6534307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pine invasion is a global threat that is occurring in native forests of diverse regions of the world. This process is arising in a scenario of rapid forest deforestation and degradation. Therefore, elucidate which forests attributes explain invasibility is a central issue in forest ecology. The Coastal Maulino forest is an endemic forest of central Chile, which has suffered a large history of disturbance, being replaced by large extensions of Pinus radiata plantations. This land transformation conveys high rates of pines invasion into native remnants. In this study we examined to what extent structural features of forest patches explains invasibility of this forest-type. Within eight forest fragments, we sampled 162 plots (10 x 10 m2 each). We quantified seedling pine density and related these estimates with tree cover, litter depth, PAR radiation, and diversity of the resident community. Our results indicate that canopy cover was the most important variable to determine seedling pine density within forest fragments. Our investigation highlights the importance to conserve the forests cover to reduce significantly their invasibility. This action can be effective even if we cannot avoid pine plantations in the region as a source of a massive seed dispersal to forests with well conserved canopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Persy Gómez
- Jardín Botánico, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Maureen Murúa
- Centro GEMA- Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - José San Martín
- Instituto de Biología Vegetal y Biotecnología, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Estefany Goncalves
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro O. Bustamante
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
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40
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Assessing the utility of aerial imagery to quantify the density, age structure and spatial pattern of alien conifer invasions. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-01960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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Simulation model suggests that fire promotes lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) invasion in Patagonia. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-01975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Moyano J, Chiuffo MC, Nuñez MA, Rodriguez-Cabal MA. Seed predation does not explain pine invasion success. Oecologia 2019; 189:981-991. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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43
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Cibils‐Martina L, Márquez JA, Gari EN, Albariño RJ, Principe RE. Disentangling grazing and light controls on algal communities in grassland and afforested streams. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cibils‐Martina
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC) Córdoba Argentina
- CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Javier A. Márquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC) Córdoba Argentina
- CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Elena Noemí Gari
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC) Córdoba Argentina
| | - Ricardo J. Albariño
- CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina
- Laboratorio de Fotobiología, INIBIOMA Universidad Nacional del Comahue CONICET Bariloche Argentina
| | - Romina E. Principe
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC) Córdoba Argentina
- CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina
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44
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Piculell BJ, José Martínez-García P, Nelson CD, Hoeksema JD. Association mapping of ectomycorrhizal traits in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2088-2099. [PMID: 30632641 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To understand how diverse mutualisms coevolve and how species adapt to complex environments, a description of the underlying genetic basis of the traits involved must be provided. For example, in diverse coevolving mutualisms, such as the interaction of host plants with a suite of symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi, a key question is whether host plants can coevolve independently with multiple species of symbionts, which depends on whether those interactions are governed independently by separate genes or pleiotropically by shared genes. To provide insight into this question, we employed an association mapping approach in a clonally replicated field experiment of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to identify genetic components of host traits governing ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbioses (mycorrhizal traits). The relative abundances of different EM fungi as well as the total number of root tips per cm root colonized by EM fungi were analyzed as separate mycorrhizal traits of loblolly pine. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within candidate genes of loblolly pine were associated with loblolly pine mycorrhizal traits, mapped to the loblolly pine genome, and their putative protein function obtained when available. The results support the hypothesis that ectomycorrhiza formation is governed by host genes of large effect that apparently have independent influences on host interactions with different symbiont species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget J Piculell
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi.,Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - C Dana Nelson
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Institute of Forest Genetics, Saucier, Mississippi.,Forest Health Research and Education Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jason D Hoeksema
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi
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45
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Mazía N, Chaneton EJ, Ghersa CM. Disturbance types, herbaceous composition, and rainfall season determine exotic tree invasion in novel grassland. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Bravo-Vargas V, García RA, Pizarro JC, Pauchard A. Do people care about pine invasions? Visitor perceptions and willingness to pay for pine control in a protected area. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 229:57-66. [PMID: 30017110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tree invasions are increasing globally, causing major problems for biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being. In South America, conifer invasions occur across many ecosystems and while numerous studies address the ecological consequences of these invasions, little is known about social perceptions and people's attitudes toward their control. The social perceptions on the effect of invasive conifers can include recreational, cultural and conservation dimensions. This study, conducted in the Malalcahuello National Reserve, aims to assess visitor's perception about invasive pines (Pinus spp.) and their effects on the endangered Araucaria araucana forests and determine their willingness to pay for pine control. We used a questionnaire to survey visitors to the reserve in both winter and summer (n = 138 for each season). When confronted with six images of araucaria and pine forests with and without snow, visitors consistently preferred landscapes without pines and disliked those completely dominated by pines the most. Almost half, 46.5%, of the visitors expressed their willingness to pay (WTP) for pine control and after given a brief explanation about pine impacts, this number rose to 79%. Visitors who said they were unwilling to pay argue ethical, aesthetic and pragmatic considerations relating closely to a number of social value systems and beliefs. Our study shows that there is a high variation in how people assess the threat of invasive pine species in natural areas, but education even in a very brief format can help to increase awareness of the problem and build social and financial support for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bravo-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepción, Chile
| | - Rafael A García
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepción, Chile.
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47
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Fritsche S, Klocko AL, Boron A, Brunner AM, Thorlby G. Strategies for Engineering Reproductive Sterility in Plantation Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1671. [PMID: 30498505 PMCID: PMC6249417 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A considerable body of research exists concerning the development of technologies to engineer sterility in forest trees. The primary driver for this work has been to mitigate concerns arising from gene flow from commercial plantings of genetically engineered (GE) trees to non-GE plantations, or to wild or feral relatives. More recently, there has been interest in the use of sterility technologies as a means to mitigate the global environmental and socio-economic damage caused by the escape of non-native invasive tree species from planted forests. The current sophisticated understanding of the molecular processes underpinning sexual reproduction in angiosperms has facilitated the successful demonstration of a number of control strategies in hardwood tree species, particularly in the model hardwood tree Poplar. Despite gymnosperm softwood trees, such as pines, making up the majority of the global planted forest estate, only pollen sterility, via cell ablation, has been demonstrated in softwoods. Progress has been limited by the lack of an endogenous model system, long timescales required for testing, and key differences between softwood reproductive pathways and those of well characterized angiosperm model systems. The availability of comprehensive genome and transcriptome resources has allowed unprecedented insights into the reproductive processes of both hardwood and softwood tree species. This increased fundamental knowledge together with the implementation of new breeding technologies, such as gene editing, which potentially face a less oppressive regulatory regime, is making the implementation of engineered sterility into commercial forestry a realistic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy L. Klocko
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | | | - Amy M. Brunner
- Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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48
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Singh SP, Inderjit , Singh JS, Majumdar S, Moyano J, Nuñez MA, Richardson DM. Insights on the persistence of pines ( Pinus species) in the Late Cretaceous and their increasing dominance in the Anthropocene. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:10345-10359. [PMID: 30398478 PMCID: PMC6206191 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although gymnosperms were nearly swept away by the rise of the angiosperms in the Late Cretaceous, conifers, and pines (Pinus species) in particular, survived and regained their dominance in some habitats. Diversification of pines into fire-avoiding (subgenus Haploxylon) and fire-adapted (subgenus Diploxylon) species occurred in response to abiotic and biotic factors in the Late Cretaceous such as competition with emerging angiosperms and changing fire regimes. Adaptations/traits that evolved in response to angiosperm-fuelled fire regimes and stressful environments in the Late Cretaceous were key to pine success and are also contributing to a new "pine rise" in some areas in the Anthropocene. Human-mediated activities exert both positive and negative impacts of range size and expansion and invasions of pines. Large-scale afforestation with pines, human-mediated changes to fire regimes, and other ecosystem processes are other contributing factors. We discuss traits that evolved in response to angiosperm-mediated fires and stressful environments in the Cretaceous and that continue to contribute to pine persistence and dominance and the numerous ways in which human activities favor pines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inderjit
- Department of Environmental StudiesCentre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE)University of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | | | - Sudipto Majumdar
- Department of Environmental StudiesCentre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE)University of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Jaime Moyano
- Grupo de Ecologia de InvasionesINIBIOMACONICET/Universidad Nacional del ComahueBarilocheArgentina
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecologia de InvasionesINIBIOMACONICET/Universidad Nacional del ComahueBarilocheArgentina
| | - David M. Richardson
- Department of Botany and ZoologyCentre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatielandSouth Africa
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49
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Arancibia NB, Solans M, Mestre MC, Chaia EE. Effect of Pinus ponderosa afforestation on soilborne Frankia and saprophytic Actinobacteria in Northwest Patagonia, Argentina. Symbiosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-018-0538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Not one but three: undetected invasive Alnus species in northwestern Patagonia confirmed with cpDNA and ITS sequences. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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