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Zeder-Lutz G, Bornert O, Fellmann-Clauss R, Knittel-Obrecht A, Tranchant T, Bouteben S, Kaeffer J, Quillet R, Villa P, Wagner R, Lecat S, Simonin F. Characterization of anti-GASP motif antibodies that inhibit the interaction between GPRASP1 and G protein-coupled receptors. Anal Biochem 2023; 665:115062. [PMID: 36731712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein 1 (GPRASP1) belongs to a family of 10 proteins that display sequence homologies in their C-terminal region. Several members including GPRASP1 also display a short repeated sequence called the GASP motif that is critically involved in protein-protein interactions with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we characterized anti-GASP motif antibodies and investigated their potential inhibitory functions. We first showed that our in-house anti-GPRASP1 rabbit polyclonal serum contains anti-GASP motif antibodies and purified them by affinity chromatography. We further showed that these antibodies can detect GPRASP1 and GPRASP2 in Western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments while a mutant of GPRASP2, in which the most conserved hydrophobic core of the GASP motifs is mutated, was no more detected. Further characterization of anti-GASP motif antibodies by ELISA and Surface Plasmon Resonance assays suggests that GASP motifs function as multivalent epitopes. Finally, we set-up an Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous AlphaScreen® assay to detect the interaction between purified ADRB2 receptor and the central domain of GPRASP1 and showed that anti-GASP motif antibodies efficiently inhibit this interaction. Altogether, our results suggest that anti-GASP motif antibodies could represent a valuable tool to neutralize the interaction of GPRASP1 and GPRASP2 with different GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Zeder-Lutz
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Olivier Bornert
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Rosine Fellmann-Clauss
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Adeline Knittel-Obrecht
- Plateforme de Chimie Biologique integrative de Strasbourg, UAR3286, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Thibaud Tranchant
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sarah Bouteben
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France; Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, IMPReSs facility for Integral Membrane Proteins Research and Services, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Juliette Kaeffer
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Raphaëlle Quillet
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Plateforme de Chimie Biologique integrative de Strasbourg, UAR3286, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Renaud Wagner
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France; Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, IMPReSs facility for Integral Membrane Proteins Research and Services, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sandra Lecat
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Frédéric Simonin
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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2
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Liu Z, Meng D, Wang J, Cao H, Feng P, Wu S, Wang N, Dang C, Hou P, Xia P. GASP1 enhances malignant phenotypes of breast cancer cells and decreases their response to paclitaxel by forming a vicious cycle with IGF1/IGF1R signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:751. [PMID: 36042202 PMCID: PMC9427794 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a potential correlation between G-protein-coupled receptor-associated sorting protein 1 (GASP1) and breast tumorigenesis. However, its biological function and underlying molecular mechanism in breast cancer have not been clearly delineated. Here, we demonstrated that GASP1 was highly expressed in breast cancers, and patients harboring altered GASP1 showed a worse prognosis than those with wild-type GASP1. Functional studies showed that GASP1 knockout significantly suppressed malignant properties of breast cancer cells, such as inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice as well as induction of G1-phase cell cycle arrest, and vice versa. Mechanistically, GASP1 inhibited proteasomal degradation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) by competitively binding to IGF1R with ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2, thereby activating its downstream signaling pathways such as NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK/ERK pathways given their critical roles in breast tumorigenesis and progression. IGF1, in turn, stimulated GASP1 expression by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, forming a vicious cycle propelling the malignant progression of breast cancer. Besides, we found that GASP1 knockout obviously improved the response of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Collectively, this study demonstrates that GASP1 enhances malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells and decreases their cellular response to paclitaxel by interacting with and stabilizing IGF1R, and suggests that it may serve as a valuable prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Liu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Du Meng
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianling Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Cao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Feng
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Wu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- grid.478124.c0000 0004 1773 123XDepartment of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital, 710003 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Hou
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xia
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Kim YJ, Kong Q, Yamamoto S, Kuramoto K, Huang M, Wang N, Hong JH, Xiao T, Levine B, Qiu X, Zhao Y, Miller RJ, Dong H, Meltzer HY, Xu M, He C. An autophagy-related protein Becn2 regulates cocaine reward behaviors in the dopaminergic system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/8/eabc8310. [PMID: 33608268 PMCID: PMC7895433 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse is a foremost public health problem. Cocaine is a widely abused drug worldwide that produces various reward-related behaviors. The mechanisms that underlie cocaine-induced disorders are unresolved, and effective treatments are lacking. Here, we found that an autophagy-related protein Becn2 is a previously unidentified regulator of cocaine reward behaviors. Becn2 deletion protects mice from cocaine-stimulated locomotion and reward behaviors, as well as cocaine-induced dopamine accumulation and signaling, by increasing presynaptic dopamine receptor 2 (D2R) autoreceptors in dopamine neurons. Becn2 regulates D2R endolysosomal trafficking, degradation, and cocaine-induced behaviors via interacting with a D2R-bound adaptor GASP1. Inactivating Becn2 by upstream autophagy inhibitors stabilizes striatal presynaptic D2R, reduces dopamine release and signaling, and prevents cocaine reward in normal mice. Thus, the autophagy protein Becn2 is essential for cocaine psychomotor stimulation and reward through regulating dopamine neurotransmission, and targeting Becn2 by autophagy inhibitors is a potential strategy to prevent cocaine-induced behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Jin Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Qingyao Kong
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Soh Yamamoto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuramoto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jung Hwa Hong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tong Xiao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xianxiu Qiu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Richard J Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Herbert Y Meltzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Congcong He
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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4
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Edfawy M, Guedes JR, Pereira MI, Laranjo M, Carvalho MJ, Gao X, Ferreira PA, Caldeira G, Franco LO, Wang D, Cardoso AL, Feng G, Carvalho AL, Peça J. Abnormal mGluR-mediated synaptic plasticity and autism-like behaviours in Gprasp2 mutant mice. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1431. [PMID: 30926797 PMCID: PMC6440958 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by dysfunction in social interactions, stereotypical behaviours and high co-morbidity with intellectual disability. A variety of syndromic and non-syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders have been connected to alterations in metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) signalling. These receptors contribute to synaptic plasticity, spine maturation and circuit development. Here, we investigate the physiological role of Gprasp2, a gene linked to neurodevelopmental disabilities and involved in the postendocytic sorting of G-protein-coupled receptors. We show that Gprasp2 deletion leads to ASD-like behaviour in mice and alterations in synaptic communication. Manipulating the levels of Gprasp2 bidirectionally modulates the surface availability of mGluR5 and produces alterations in dendritic complexity, spine density and synaptic maturation. Loss of Gprasp2 leads to enhanced hippocampal long-term depression, consistent with facilitated mGluR-dependent activation. These findings demonstrate a role for Gprasp2 in glutamatergic synapses and suggest a possible mechanism by which this gene is linked to neurodevelopmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Edfawy
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal.,PhD Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana R Guedes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta I Pereira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Laranjo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mário J Carvalho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Xian Gao
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Pedro A Ferreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gladys Caldeira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lara O Franco
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal.,PhD Program in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dongqing Wang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ana Luisa Cardoso
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guoping Feng
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Ana Luisa Carvalho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Peça
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal.
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5
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Cao Y, Aypar U. A novel Xq22.1 deletion in a male with multiple congenital abnormalities and respiratory failure. Eur J Med Genet 2016; 59:274-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Mathis C, Savier E, Bott JB, Clesse D, Bevins N, Sage-Ciocca D, Geiger K, Gillet A, Laux-Biehlmann A, Goumon Y, Lacaud A, Lelièvre V, Kelche C, Cassel JC, Pfrieger FW, Reber M. Defective response inhibition and collicular noradrenaline enrichment in mice with duplicated retinotopic map in the superior colliculus. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:1573-84. [PMID: 24647754 PMCID: PMC4409641 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The superior colliculus is a hub for multisensory integration necessary for visuo-spatial orientation, control of gaze movements and attention. The multiple functions of the superior colliculus have prompted hypotheses about its involvement in neuropsychiatric conditions, but to date, this topic has not been addressed experimentally. We describe experiments on genetically modified mice, the Isl2-EphA3 knock-in line, that show a well-characterized duplication of the retino-collicular and cortico-collicular axonal projections leading to hyperstimulation of the superior colliculus. To explore the functional impact of collicular hyperstimulation, we compared the performance of homozygous knock-in, heterozygous knock-in and wild-type mice in several behavioral tasks requiring collicular activity. The light/dark box test and Go/No-Go conditioning task revealed that homozygous mutant mice exhibit defective response inhibition, a form of impulsivity. This defect was specific to attention as other tests showed no differences in visually driven behavior, motivation, visuo-spatial learning and sensorimotor abilities among the different groups of mice. Monoamine quantification and gene expression profiling demonstrated a specific enrichment of noradrenaline only in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of Isl2-EphA3 knock-in mice, where the retinotopy is duplicated, whereas transcript levels of receptors, transporters and metabolic enzymes of the monoaminergic pathway were not affected. We demonstrate that the defect in response inhibition is a consequence of noradrenaline imbalance in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus caused by retinotopic map duplication. Our results suggest that structural abnormalities in the superior colliculus can cause defective response inhibition, a key feature of attention-deficit disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Mathis
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Elise Savier
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Bastien Bott
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Clesse
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicholas Bevins
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037 USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92039 USA
| | | | - Karin Geiger
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anaïs Gillet
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexis Laux-Biehlmann
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Goumon
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Adrien Lacaud
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Lelièvre
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Kelche
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Cassel
- Laboratory of Adaptative and Cognitive Neurosciences, CNRS, University of Strasbourg UMR 7364, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Frank W. Pfrieger
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Reber
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, 5, rue blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
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7
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Zhou J, Goldberg EM, Leu NA, Zhou L, Coulter DA, Wang PJ. Respiratory failure, cleft palate and epilepsy in the mouse model of human Xq22.1 deletion syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3823-9. [PMID: 24569167 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal segmental deletion is a frequent cause of human diseases. A familial 1.1 Mb deletion of human chromosome Xq22.1 associates with epilepsy, cleft palate and developmental defects in heterozygous female patients. Here, we describe a mouse mutant with a targeted deletion of the syntenic segment of the mouse X chromosome that phenocopies the human syndrome. Male mice with a deletion of a 1.1 Mb Nxf2-Nxf3 X-chromosomal segment exhibit respiratory failure, neonatal lethality and cleft palate. In female mice, heterozygosity for the deletion manifests cleft palate, early postnatal lethality, postnatal growth delay and spontaneous seizures in surviving animals, apparently due to X-chromosome inactivation. Furthermore, loss of a 0.35 Mb subregion containing Armcx5, Gprasp1, Gprasp2 and Bhlhb9 is sufficient to cause the Xq22.1 syndrome phenotype. Our results support that the 1.1 Mb deletion of human Xq22.1 is the genetic cause of the associated syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Colket Translational Research Building, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | - N Adrian Leu
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Colket Translational Research Building, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | - Douglas A Coulter
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Colket Translational Research Building, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | - P Jeremy Wang
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and
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8
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Loss of D2 dopamine receptor function modulates cocaine-induced glutamatergic synaptic potentiation in the ventral tegmental area. J Neurosci 2013; 33:12329-36. [PMID: 23884939 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0809-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentiation of glutamate responses is a critical synaptic response to cocaine exposure in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons. However, the mechanism by which cocaine exposure promotes potentiation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and subsequently AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is not fully understood. In this study we demonstrate that repeated cocaine treatment causes loss of D2 dopamine receptor functional responses via interaction with lysosome-targeting G-protein-associated sorting protein1 (GASP1). We also show that the absence of D2 downregulation in GASP1-KO mice prevents cocaine-induced potentiation of NMDAR currents, elevation of the AMPA/NMDA ratio, and redistribution of NMDAR and AMPAR subunits to the membrane. As a pharmacological parallel, coadministration of the high-affinity D2 agonist, aripiprazole, reduces not only functional downregulation of D2s in response to cocaine but also potentiation of NMDAR and AMPAR responses in wild-type mice. Together these data suggest that functional loss of D2 receptors is a critical mechanism mediating cocaine-induced glutamate plasticity in VTA neurons.
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9
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Zhou J, McCarrey JR, Wang PJ. A 1.1-Mb segmental deletion on the X chromosome causes meiotic failure in male mice. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:159. [PMID: 23677977 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian X chromosome contains a large number of multicopy genes that are expressed during spermatogenesis. The roles of these genes during germ cell development and the functional significance of gene multiplication remain mostly unexplored, as the presence of multicopy gene families poses a challenge for genetic studies. Here we report the deletion of a 1.1-Mb segment of the mouse X chromosome that is syntenic with the human Xq22.1 region and contains 20 genes that are expressed predominantly in testis and brain, including three members of the nuclear export factor gene family (Nxf2, Nxf3, and Nxf7) and five copies of preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma-like 3 (Pramel3). We have shown that germline-specific Cre/loxP-mediated deletion of this 1.1-Mb segment is efficient and causes defective chromosomal synapsis, meiotic arrest, and sterility in male mice. Our results demonstrate that this 1.1-Mb region contains one or more novel X-linked factors that are essential for male meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Center for Animal Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research, Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Identification of a novel protein-protein interaction motif mediating interaction of GPCR-associated sorting proteins with G protein-coupled receptors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56336. [PMID: 23441177 PMCID: PMC3575409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
GPCR desensitization and down-regulation are considered key molecular events underlying the development of tolerance in vivo. Among the many regulatory proteins that are involved in these complex processes, GASP-1 have been shown to participate to the sorting of several receptors toward the degradation pathway. This protein belongs to the recently identified GPCR-associated sorting proteins (GASPs) family that comprises ten members for which structural and functional details are poorly documented. We present here a detailed structure-function relationship analysis of the molecular interaction between GASPs and a panel of GPCRs. In a first step, GST-pull down experiments revealed that all the tested GASPs display significant interactions with a wide range of GPCRs. Importantly, the different GASP members exhibiting the strongest interaction properties were also characterized by the presence of a small, highly conserved and repeated "GASP motif" of 15 amino acids. We further showed using GST-pull down, surface plasmon resonance and co-immunoprecipitation experiments that the central domain of GASP-1, which contains 22 GASP motifs, is essential for the interaction with GPCRs. We then used site directed mutagenesis and competition experiments with synthetic peptides to demonstrate that the GASP motif, and particularly its highly conserved core sequence SWFW, is critically involved in the interaction with GPCRs. Overall, our data show that several members of the GASP family interact with GPCRs and highlight the presence within GASPs of a novel protein-protein interaction motif that might represent a new target to investigate the involvement of GASPs in the modulation of the activity of GPCRs.
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Kargl J, Balenga NA, Platzer W, Martini L, Whistler JL, Waldhoer M. The GPCR-associated sorting protein 1 regulates ligand-induced down-regulation of GPR55. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:2611-9. [PMID: 21718301 PMCID: PMC3366063 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01562.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many GPCRs, including the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, are down-regulated following prolonged agonist exposure by interacting with the GPCR-associated sorting protein-1 (GASP-1). The CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant has also recently been described to be an agonist at GPR55, a cannabinoid-related receptor. Here we investigated the post-endocytic properties of GPR55 after agonist exposure and tested whether GASP-1 is involved in this process. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the direct protein-protein interaction of GPR55 with GASP-1 using (i) GST-binding assays and (ii) co-immunoprecipitation assays in GPR55-HEK293 cells with endogenous GASP-1 expression. We further tested the internalization, recycling and degradation of GPR55 using confocal fluorescence microscopy and biotinylation assays in the presence and absence of GASP-1 (lentiviral small hairpin RNA knockdown of GASP-1) under prolonged agonist [rimonabant (RIM), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI)] stimulation. KEY RESULTS We showed that the prolonged activation of GPR55 with rimonabant or LPI down-regulates GPR55 via GASP-1. GASP-1 binds to GPR55 in vitro, and this interaction was required for targeting GPR55 for degradation. Disrupting the GPR55-GASP-1 interaction prevented post-endocytic receptor degradation, and thereby allowed receptor recycling. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These data implicate GASP-1 as an important regulator of ligand-mediated down-regulation of GPR55. By identifying GASP-1 as a key regulator of the trafficking and, by extension, functional expression of GPR55, we may be one step closer to gaining a better understanding of this receptor in response to cannabinoid drugs. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.165.issue-8. To view Part I of Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2011.163.issue-7
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kargl
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Magalhaes AC, Dunn H, Ferguson SS. Regulation of GPCR activity, trafficking and localization by GPCR-interacting proteins. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:1717-1736. [PMID: 21699508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
GPCRs represent the largest family of integral membrane proteins and were first identified as receptor proteins that couple via heterotrimeric G-proteins to regulate a vast variety of effector proteins to modulate cellular function. It is now recognized that GPCRs interact with a myriad of proteins that not only function to attenuate their signalling but also function to couple these receptors to heterotrimeric G-protein-independent signalling pathways. In addition, intracellular and transmembrane proteins associate with GPCRs and regulate their processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, trafficking to the cell surface, compartmentalization to plasma membrane microdomains, endocytosis and trafficking between intracellular membrane compartments. The present review will overview the functional consequence of β-arrestin, receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPS), regulators of G-protein signalling (RGS), GPCR-associated sorting proteins (GASPs), Homer, small GTPases, PSD95/Disc Large/Zona Occludens (PDZ), spinophilin, protein phosphatases, calmodulin, optineurin and Src homology 3 (SH3) containing protein interactions with GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Magalhaes
- J. Allyn Taylor Centre for Cell Biology, Molecular Brain Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaThe Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Henry Dunn
- J. Allyn Taylor Centre for Cell Biology, Molecular Brain Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaThe Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Sg Ferguson
- J. Allyn Taylor Centre for Cell Biology, Molecular Brain Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, CanadaThe Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the trafficking of neurotransmitter receptors away from the cell surface is of obvious importance in understanding what regulates their expression and function. This chapter will focus on the mechanisms responsible for the internalization and degradation of muscarinic receptors. There are both receptor subtype-specific and cell-type specific differences in muscarinic receptor trafficking. Studies on muscarinic receptor trafficking both in cells in culture and in vivo will be described, and the potential physiological consequences of this trafficking will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Reiner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, 357750, Seattle, WA 98195-7750, USA
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Overexpression of Reelin prevents the manifestation of behavioral phenotypes related to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:2395-405. [PMID: 21814183 PMCID: PMC3194085 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the impact of schizophrenia and mood disorders, which in extreme cases can lead to death, recent decades have brought little progress in the development of new treatments. Recent studies have shown that Reelin, an extracellular protein that is critical for neuronal development, is reduced in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. However, data on a causal or protective role of Reelin in psychiatric diseases is scarce. In order to study the direct influence of Reelin's levels on behavior, we subjected two mouse lines, in which Reelin levels are either reduced (Reelin heterozygous mice) or increased (Reelin overexpressing mice), to a battery of behavioral tests: open-field, black-white box, novelty-suppressed-feeding, forced-swim-test, chronic corticosterone treatment followed by forced-swim-test, cocaine sensitization and pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) deficits induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists. These tests were designed to model some aspects of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, mood, and anxiety disorders. We found no differences between Reeler heterozygous mice and their wild-type littermates. However, Reelin overexpression in the mouse forebrain reduced the time spent floating in the forced-swim-test in mice subjected to chronic corticosterone treatment, reduced behavioral sensitization to cocaine, and reduced PPI deficits induced by a NMDA antagonist. In addition, we demonstrate that while stress increased NMDA NR2B-mediated synaptic transmission, known to be implicated in depression, Reelin overexpression significantly reduced it. Together, these results point to the Reelin signaling pathway as a relevant drug target for the treatment of a range of psychiatric disorders.
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fMRI of cocaine self-administration in macaques reveals functional inhibition of basal ganglia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:1187-98. [PMID: 21307843 PMCID: PMC3079280 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Disparities in cocaine-induced neurochemical and metabolic responses between human beings and rodents motivate the use of non-human primates (NHP) to model consequences of repeated cocaine exposure in human subjects. To characterize the functional response to cocaine infusion in NHP brain, we employed contrast-enhanced fMRI during both non-contingent injection of drug and self-administration of cocaine in the magnet. Cocaine robustly decreased cerebral blood volume (CBV) throughout basal ganglia and motor/pre-motor cortex and produced subtle functional inhibition of prefrontal cortex. No brain regions exhibited significant elevation of CBV in response to cocaine challenge. Theses effects in NHP brain are opposite in sign to the cocaine-induced fMRI response in rats, but consistent with previous measurements in NHP based on glucose metabolism. Because the striatal ratio of D2 to D1 receptors is larger in human beings and NHP than rats, we hypothesize that the inhibitory effects of D2 receptor binding dominate the functional response in primates, whereas excitatory D1 receptor stimulation predominates in the rat. If the NHP accurately models the human response to cocaine, downregulation of D2 receptors in human cocaine-abusing populations can be expected to blunt cocaine-induced functional responses, contributing to the weak and variable fMRI responses reported in human basal ganglia following cocaine infusion.
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Maurice P, Guillaume JL, Benleulmi-Chaachoua A, Daulat AM, Kamal M, Jockers R. GPCR-Interacting Proteins, Major Players of GPCR Function. PHARMACOLOGY OF G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTORS 2011; 62:349-80. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385952-5.00001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Mathis C, Bott JB, Candusso MP, Simonin F, Cassel JC. Impaired striatum-dependent behavior in GASP-1-knock-out mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2010; 10:299-308. [PMID: 21091868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated sorting protein-1 (GASP-1) is suspected to play a key role in recycling and degradation of several GPCRs. In a previous study, we have shown that GASP-1-knock-out (GASP-1-KO) mice displayed deficits in acquiring a cocaine self-administration task, associated with an exacerbated down-regulation of striatal dopaminergic and cholinergic receptors. Among several possibilities, GASP-1 deficiency could have impaired memory processes underlying the acquisition of the operant conditioning task. Therefore, the present study investigated cognitive performances of GASP-1-KO mice and their wild-type littermates (WT) in a broad variety of memory tasks. Consistent with a deficit in procedural memory, GASP-1-KO mice showed delayed acquisition of a food-reinforced bar-press task. During water-maze training in hidden- or visible-platform paradigms, mutant and WT mice acquired the tasks at the same rate. However, GASP-1 mice exhibited persistent thigmotaxic swimming, longer distance to the platform, and reduced swim speed. There was no deficit in several tasks requiring simple behavioral responses (Barnes maze, object recognition and passive avoidance tasks). Thus, the ability to acquire and/or express complex responses seems affected in GASP-1-deficient mice. Hippocampal functions were preserved, as the retention of an acquired memory in spatial tasks remained unaffected. The pattern of behavioral deficits observed in GASP-1-KO mice is coherent with current knowledge on the role of striatal GPCRs in acquisition/expression of skilled behavior and in motivation. Together with the previous findings, the so far established phenotype of GASP-1-KO mice makes them a potentially exciting tool to study striatal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mathis
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie et de Neurosciences Cognitives, FRE 3289 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, IFR 37 de Neurosciences, GDR 2905 CNRS, 12 rue Goethe, Strasbourg, France.
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18
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Hislop JN, von Zastrow M. Role of ubiquitination in endocytic trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors. Traffic 2010; 12:137-48. [PMID: 20854416 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl ubiquitination has long been known to target cytoplasmic proteins for proteasomal degradation, and there is now extensive evidence that ubiquitination functions in vacuolar/lysosomal targeting of membrane proteins from both the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest and most diverse family of membrane proteins, whose function is of fundamental importance both physiologically and therapeutically. In this review, we discuss the role of ubiquitination in the vacuolar/lysosomal downregulation of GPCRs through the endocytic pathway, with a primary focus on lysosomal trafficking in mammalian cells. We will summarize evidence indicating that mammalian GPCRs are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms conserved in budding yeast, and then consider evidence for additional ubiquitin-dependent and -independent regulation that may be specific to animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Hislop
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158-2140, USA
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Howlett AC, Blume LC, Dalton GD. CB(1) cannabinoid receptors and their associated proteins. Curr Med Chem 2010; 17:1382-93. [PMID: 20166926 DOI: 10.2174/092986710790980023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CB1 receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) abundant in neurons, in which they modulate neurotransmission. The CB(1) receptor influence on memory and learning is well recognized, and disease states associated with CB(1) receptors are observed in addiction disorders, motor dysfunction, schizophrenia, and in bipolar, depression, and anxiety disorders. Beyond the brain, CB(1) receptors also function in liver and adipose tissues, vascular as well as cardiac tissue, reproductive tissues and bone. Signal transduction by CB(1) receptors occurs through interaction with Gi/o proteins to inhibit adenylyl cyclase, activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), inhibit voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, activate K(+) currents (K(ir)), and influence Nitric Oxide (NO) signaling. CB(1) receptors are observed in internal organelles as well as plasma membrane. beta-Arrestins, adaptor protein AP-3, and G-protein receptor-associated sorting protein 1 (GASP1) modulate cellular trafficking. Cannabinoid Receptor Interacting Protein1a (CRIP1a) is an accessory protein whose function has not been delineated. Factor Associated with Neutral sphingomyelinase (FAN) regulates ceramide signaling. Such diversity in cellular signaling and modulation by interacting proteins suggests that agonists and allosteric modulators could be developed to specifically regulate unique, cell type-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyn C Howlett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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20
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Tschische P, Moser E, Thompson D, Vischer HF, Parzmair GP, Pommer V, Platzer W, Schwarzbraun T, Schaider H, Smit MJ, Martini L, Whistler JL, Waldhoer M. The G-protein coupled receptor associated sorting protein GASP-1 regulates the signalling and trafficking of the viral chemokine receptor US28. TRAFFIC (COPENHAGEN, DENMARK) 2010; 11:660-74. [PMID: 20102549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.1045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes the seven transmembrane(7TM)/G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) US28, which signals and endocytoses in a constitutive, ligand-independent manner. Here we show that, following endocytosis, US28 is targeted to the lysosomes for degradation as a consequence of its interaction with the GPCR-associated sorting protein-1 (GASP-1). We find that GASP-1 binds to US28 in vitro and that disruption of the GASP-1/US28 interaction by either (i) overexpression of dominant negative cGASP-1 or by (ii) shRNA knock-down of endogenous GASP-1 is sufficient to inhibit the lysosomal targeting of US28 and slow its post-endocytic degradation. Furthermore, we found that GASP-1 affects US28-mediated signalling. The knock-down of endogenous GASP-1 impairs the US28-mediated Galphaq/PLC/inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation as well as the activation of the transcription factors Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB). Overexpression of GASP-1 enhances both IP accumulation and transcription factor activity. Thus, GASP-1 is an important cellular determinant that not only regulates the post-endocytic trafficking of US28, but also regulates the signalling capacities of US28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Tschische
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Moser E, Kargl J, Whistler JL, Waldhoer M, Tschische P. G protein-coupled receptor-associated sorting protein 1 regulates the postendocytic sorting of seven-transmembrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptors. Pharmacology 2010; 86:22-9. [PMID: 20693822 DOI: 10.1159/000314161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The largest superfamily of membrane proteins that translate extracellular signals into intracellular messages are the 7-transmembrane-spanning (7TM) G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). One of the ways in which their activity is controlled is by the process of desensitization and endocytosis, whereby agonist-activated receptors are rapidly and often reversibly silenced through removal from the cell surface. Indeed, following endocytosis, individual receptors can be sorted differentially between recycling endosomes and lysosomes, which controls the reversibility of the silencing. Thus, endocytosis can either serve as a mechanism for receptor resensitization by delivering receptors back to the plasma membrane or facilitate receptor downregulation by serving as the first step towards targeting the receptors to lysosomes for degradation. The sorting of receptors to the lysosomal pathway can be facilitated by interaction with an array of accessory proteins. One of these proteins is the GPCR-associated sorting protein 1 (GASP-1), which specifically targets several 7TM-GPCR to the lysosomal pathway after endocytosis. Furthermore, GASP-1 was recently found to directly affect the signaling capacity of a 7TM-GPCR. Importantly, the in vivo relevance of GASP-1-dependent receptor sorting has also begun to be verified in animal models. Here, we summarize the recent advances in elucidating GASP-1-dependent receptor sorting functions and their potential implications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Moser
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Altered ratio of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in mouse striatum is associated with behavioral sensitization to cocaine. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11038. [PMID: 20543951 PMCID: PMC2882949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drugs of abuse elevate brain dopamine levels, and, in vivo, chronic drug use is accompanied by a selective decrease in dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) availability in the brain. Such a decrease consequently alters the ratio of D1R:D2R signaling towards the D1R. Despite a plethora of behavioral studies dedicated to the understanding of the role of dopamine in addiction, a molecular mechanism responsible for the downregulation of the D2R, in vivo, in response to chronic drug use has yet to be identified. METHODS AND FINDINGS ETHICS STATEMENT: All animal work was approved by the Gallo Center IACUC committee and was performed in our AAALAC approved facility. In this study, we used wild type (WT) and G protein coupled receptor associated sorting protein-1 (GASP-1) knock out (KO) mice to assess molecular changes that accompany cocaine sensitization. Here, we show that downregulation of D2Rs or upregulation of D1Rs is associated with a sensitized locomotor response to an acute injection of cocaine. Furthermore, we demonstrate that disruption of GASP-1, that targets D2Rs for degradation after endocytosis, prevents cocaine-induced downregulation of D2Rs. As a consequence, mice with a GASP-1 disruption show a reduction in the sensitized locomotor response to cocaine. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data suggests that changes in the ratio of the D1:D2R could contribute to cocaine-induced behavioral plasticity and demonstrates a role of GASP-1 in regulating both the levels of the D2R and cocaine sensitization.
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Abstract
Cannabinoid agonists have shown some promise clinically as analgesics, in particular for cancer pain, in which they have the additional benefit of decreasing nausea. However, as for most other drugs, the long-term use of cannabinoids is limited by the development of tolerance. Several molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain drug tolerance, including receptor downregulation. The cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors can be downregulated in vitro through an interaction with the G-protein-coupled receptor-associated sorting protein1, GASP1, that targets CB1 receptors for degradation after their agonist-mediated endocytosis. To investigate whether GASP1-mediated postendocytic sorting of the CB1 receptor contributes to tolerance to cannabinoid drugs in vivo, we generated a mouse with a disruption of GASP1. In wild-type mice, repeated administration of the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 promoted downregulation of CB1 receptor levels and concomitant tolerance to the effects of drug on antinociception, motor incoordination, and locomotor hypoactivity. In contrast, GASP1 knockout mice did not develop tolerance to any of these effects and showed no significant receptor downregulation. Taken together, this study provides evidence that GASP1 regulates CB1 receptor downregulation in vivo, and that postendocytic receptor trafficking has a key role in the development of tolerance to WIN55,212-2.
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Abu-Helo A, Simonin F. Identification and biological significance of G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting proteins (GASPs). Pharmacol Ther 2010; 126:244-50. [PMID: 20394773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the most abundant protein families encoded by the human genome. They are involved in the modulation of numerous physiological functions and represent major drug targets. Their activity is tightly controlled by a vast array of interacting partners that modulate their membrane targeting, intracellular trafficking and signalling properties. Among them, several proteins from the same family, G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting proteins (GASP), have been shown to display a broad spectrum of interactions with GPCRs. In addition to their postulated role in the modulation of the post-endocytic sorting of these receptors, recent data indicate that several GASPs may modulate the transcriptional activity of the cell through their interaction with transcription factors. However, no clear molecular function has been assigned yet to this protein family. In this review, we describe the discovery of GASPs, their major features, interacting partners, functions and possible involvement in pathological situations including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abu-Helo
- Institut de Recherche de l'ESBS, CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, FRE3211, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France
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Tschische P, Moser E, Thompson D, Vischer HF, Parzmair GP, Pommer V, Platzer W, Schwarzbraun T, Schaider H, Smit MJ, Martini L, Whistler JL, Waldhoer M. The G-protein Coupled Receptor Associated Sorting Protein GASP-1 Regulates the Signalling and Trafficking of the Viral Chemokine Receptor US28. Traffic 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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